Nano Carriers in Cosmetics Delivery Zeeshan Ahmad, Usama Ahmad, Juber Akhtar Department of Pharmaceutics, Integral University, Lucknow, India E-Mail: zeeshanahmad2086@gmail.com ABSTRACT Nano carriers are extremely small vehicles with size ranging from 1 nm to 1000 nm. Various types of nano carriers used in cosmetics include Liposomes, Cubosomes, Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), Fullerene, Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC), Niosome, Nanocapsule, Virosomes, Dendrimers, Microsponges, Nanocrystals, Nanosilver and Nanogold. Nanoemulsions are commonly used in cosmetic products, such as conditioners or lotions. Nanoemulsions combine traditional cosmetic ingredients, such as water, oils and surfactants, in a two-phase system in which droplets sized 10–100 nm are dispersed in an external (aqueous) phase. Liposome’s and Niosomes are globular vesicles with diameters between 25 and 5000 nm and are composed of amphiphilic molecules which associate as a double layer (unilamellar vesicles) or multiple double layers (multilamellar vesicles). Liposomes are mainly composed of phospholipids, whereas niosomes use nonionic surfactants, such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers or esters. Sunscreens contain insoluble, mineral-based materials whose performance depends on their particle size. Mineral particles, such as TiO2, reflect and scatter UV light most efficiently at a size of 60–120 nm. The surface of these particles is frequently treated with inert coating materials, such as aluminum oxide or silicon oils, in order to improve their dispersion in sunscreen formulations. Sunscreen products containing mineral UV filters protect from the harmful effects of UV exposure, including skin ageing, herpes and skin cancer.
INTRODUCTION
NANOCARRIERS
Cosmetics are defined by the FDA as “articles intended to be applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearances”. Nanoparticle is any entity with all three external dimensions in the nanosize. The magnitude of size of particles in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm is considered as nanoscale. In today’s era of science and technology, aesthetics play an important role along with the qualities of intellectuality and diligence which make one’s persona. Men and women all over the world are concerned about their looks and style. Everyone wants to look and feel young and beautiful. Beauty is defined as “a combination of qualities that delights the aesthetic senses” .
SKIN: A BARRIER IN COSMETIC DOMAIN
NANOCARRIERS & PRINCIPLE NANOMATERIALS
Nanocarriers (NCs) are colloidal delivery systems having particles or droplets whose size is below 500 nm. At cutaneous level, NCs can be applied on the skin surface to achieve a local effect within the skin (dermal delivery) or a systemic effect (transdermal delivery). In cosmetics, formulators’ objective when using NCs is to optimize the delivery of the active ingredient(s) on or within the skin layers while limiting, as much as possible, percutaneous absorption processes and hence, systemic absorption.
SLN’s NANOEMULSION
LIPOSOME
DENDRIMERS
CURRENT & FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS According to them expanding at a rapid compound annual growth rate of 7.7%, the global cosmeceutical market will reach $31.84 billion by 2016. The global cosmeceutical market offers huge potential among the Asian countries, such as Japan, China, and India which are set to attract major players in the future. Japan has already made a remarkable position in the global cosmetics market and its position in the cosmeceutical segment is effectively improving. A report, “Cosmeceuticals market to 2018,” forecasted that the global cosmeceuticals market will reach $42.4 billion by 2018.
COMMERCIAL COSMETIC FORMULATION CONTAINING NANOMATERIALS PRODUCT
ADVANTAGES OF NANO BASED COSMETICS Use of nanotechnology in cosmetics is aimed to make fragrances last longer, sunscreens more effective and anti-ageing creams. To optimize manufacturing conditions for skin care formulation, a multi component system. To prevent hair from turning grey and also for prevention of in treatment of hair loss & used to preserve active ingredients, such as vitamins and anti-oxidants, and their lightness and transparency. Nano materials used as UV filters in sunscreen products do have to be independently assessed, but we found nano zinc oxide in use, although it has not yet been fully assessed.
MANUFACTURER NANOMATERIAL / NANOTECHNOL OGY
ACTIVE
CATEGORY
Dual Finished Pre ssed Compacts
Colorescience
Nanotechnology mica vitamins
Vitamins in corpa in Mica Foundation
Eye Tender
Kara Vita
Nanospheres
Bioactives and peptides
Eye cream
Revitalift Double Lifting
L'Oreal
Nanosomes
Pro-Retinol A
Anti-wrinkle cream
Nourish
Bellapelle
Fullerene
Fullersome
Serum
Enlighten Me!
Kara Vita
Nanospheres
Pureology Nano Works Shine Luxe
Pureology
Nanoparticles
Hydroquinone, kojic acid, Lightening C glycolic acid ream 5 Mica mirrors
Hair Polish
CONCLUSION Development of cosmeceutical industry is growing day by day as the cosmeceuticals market is extremely diversified, with products coming from major and minute manufacturers and local companies around the world. Nanotechnology represents the key technologies of the twenty-first century, offering excellent opportunities for both research and business. The rapid spread and commercialization of nanotechnology in cosmeceuticals have given rise to great technical and economic aspirations but also question about the emerging risks to health and safety of consumers. Thus, cosmeceuticals products based on nanotechnology should be designed and sold in a way that fully respects the health of consumers and the environment.
REFERENCES Ajazzuddin M, Jeswani G, Kumar Jha A. Nanocosmetics: Past, Present and Future Trends. Recent Patents on Nanomedicine. 2015 Apr 1;5(1):3-11. Bhat P, Mulgund S. nanocosmetics: an evolving trend. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2013;3(8):6549-54. Katz LM, Dewan K, Bronaugh RL. Nanotechnology in cosmetics. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2015;85:127-37.
Poster Presented During “ 7th Virtual NANOPOSTER Event -2017” Organized by- The International Nanoscience Community