Nation Workbook Thursday June 10th 2021

TERM 4

Thursday, June 10, 2021

Vol. 15 No. 6

Name: Name: School: School: Class: Class:

18 9 771996 180090

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THURSDAY, JUNE 10, 2021.

COMPREHENSION

Read the following passage carefully: Esan hugged her doll tightly as she sat listlessly in her little chair. The sounds of children’s laughter filtered through her half-opened bedroom window. She gazed wistfully at the sight of the children darting across her window as they played gaily in the streets. How she longed to join them! She sighed and resignedly picked up her adventure book, flipping disinterestedly through the pages.

Should she dare ask her mother again? She knew only too well the answer to that question.

“Oh, but they are so rough, dear! You are a frail child, you will easily get hurt! Why don’t you play with your dolls or read a book?”

A sharp peel of laughter pierced the air, breaking through Esan’s reverie. The sound beckoned her. Determinedly, she

put down her book. She quickly raced down the stairs. She looked cautiously and paused but only for a second before she

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flung open the door and skipped into the street. She ventured closer to the circle of chattering youngsters. The children

immediately stopped their games and gazed curiously at Esan. They had watched her from the streets, through her bedroom

window, isolated and sealed in her ivory tower. Eventually, one child asked haltingly, “Would you like to join us?” “Oh yes, yes I would!” Esan replied excitedly, her eyes shining with anticipation. They raced through the streets, their cries of joy and happiness echoing in the air. Esan’s spirit soared. She had never felt such freedom.

One hour later Esan returned, happy and contented to her home. As she gingerly opened the front door, she came

face to face with her mother. She stared into her mother’s disapproving eyes. Suddenly one of her newly-found friends came bustling at the still- opened front door. “You forgot your ribbon, Esan. Will we see you tomorrow?” she enquired excitedly.

Esan looked imploringly at her mother. Her mother hesitated, observing the longing in her daughter’s face... then suddenly her face softened into a smile.

Do you remember that adverbs add more meaning to verbs, adverbs and adjectives and make our writing more interesting?

The passage above contains several examples of adverbs at work.

For you to do : Work with a partner to list all the adverbs used in this passage .Do you know their meanings? Check the meanings of those which are not familiar.

The following questions are about the passage which you have just read. Circle the letter which marks the best possible answer to each question.

1. In paragraph one , Esan a. is interested in reading her book

b. is a happy child

c.

d. is a frail child

is a sad child.

2. “ The sound beckoned her” in paragraph 3 means that a. she heard the sounds

b. she was persuaded to go outside

c.

d. she heard every sound.

she was called by the children

3. Why did the children at first gaze at Esan? a. She was beautiful

b. They were shocked to see her outside

c. They were playing

d. They did not wish to play with her.

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On the cover this week

St. Stephen’s Primary School has found a creative way of getting the entire student body to feel that they are part of the COVID-19 protocols by creating posters outlining the protocols.

Here from left, Abrianne Arthur, Thenika Small and Natarie Straughan proudly indicating some of the work done by the students.

(Picture by Kenmore Bynoe.)

THURSDAY, JUNE 10, 2021.

4. ‘Ivory Tower’ in line 12 means a. separate world

b. tall tower

c.

d. house

white tower

5. What type of person was Esan’s mother? a. wise

b. old

c. caring

d. old- fashioned

6. Why do you think that a child asked haltingly “Would you like ...?’ (paragraph 4) a. The other children were shocked

b. The other children were disappointed.

c.

d. The child was frightened.

The child was being careful.

7. In paragraph 2, Esan is a. Fearful

b. scared

c.

d. listening to sounds carefully

thinking things out carefully

8. Why did her mother’s face soften? a. She wanted to please Esan.

b. The mother hesitated.

c.

d. Esan’s friends were happy to play with her.

Her mother was shocked.

9. What part of speech is the word before as use in line 9 of the passage? a. Verb

b. Pronoun

c. Conjunction

d. Adverb

10. In the brackets provided, write words from the passage which tell the following: a.

Esan had made up her mind to go outside.

(

b. The children were talking excitedly.

) (

)

c.

Esan moved carefully when leaving the house. (

)

d.

Esan was eager to play when asked to do so.

e.

Esan longed to be allowed to go out to play next day.

(

) (

)

11. Indicate the part of speech of these words as used in the passage.

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line 5

a. Too

line 8

b. Her c. anticipation d. Esan’s e. her f. Newly - found

line 13

line 14

line 12

line 16

(

)

(

)

(

)

(

)

(

)

(

)

12. What is a suitable title for the passage? a .Esan

b .Esan and her friends

c.

Playing

d. Freedom

Read the following passage carefully.

Pawpaw is a fast-growing, short-lived tropical plant, native to the Americas. Today, orchards of pawpaw trees from Jamaica to Hawaii bear great quantities of fruits for use in domestic and export markets. The tree is a simple, slender stalk with symmetrical, large, deeply indented leaves.

Pawpaws like to be warm and they thrive in sunshine and reflected heat. Plant them in the hottest part of your yard

even against the side of the house where nothing seems happy. Water is the next crucial element in their care. Their roots rot and are killed easily by too much moisture. The soil needs to be well drained, moist in hot weather and drier in cold weather. They do not tolerate salty water or soil.

All parts of the pawpaw and its leaves are useful. The ripe fruits may be eaten fresh or drunk in juices. Additionally,

persons preparing meals attest to the tenderizing quality of young pawpaws when added to meat. Pawpaw seeds have a spicy, pepper-like flavour and are swallowed to expel worms from the body.

People eat fresh pawpaw every day to prevent constipation. One elderly gentleman who suffered a back injury from a

fall, and expected to suffer from pain and problems for the rest of his life, was advised to eat pawpaw. Years later, with pawpaw as a regular part of his diet, he has no pain, and his back seems to be perfectly healed. Pawpaw juice, mixed with a little mango juice, is also used to ease severe indigestion.

The following questions are about the passage which you have just read. Write complete sentences in answer to the questions. Pay attention to your spelling and grammar.

1. Name two ways in which the pawpaw is enjoyed. ___________________________________________________________________________________ NATION WORKBOOK

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__________________________________________________________________________________ 2. According to the passage where did the pawpaw plant originate? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 3. In what type of climate does the pawpaw plant grow best? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Based on the information given in the passage, how can a chef make use of the unripe pawpaw? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What does the word short-lived suggest about the pawpaw plant?

__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 6. As suggested in the passage, what negative impact could heavy rainfall have on the pawpaw plant? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 7. What is the meaning of the word crucial as used in line 5?

__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Why do you think the example in the last paragraph was given? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ CONJUNCTIONS cont’d Look again at the Subordinating Conjunction.

Remember, this type of conjunction is used to introduce the part of the sentence called the subordinate clause. A subordinate clause has a subject and a verb but it does not make sense on its own.

For example:

We went out to play although it was raining. (subordinate clause)

Here are some common subordinating conjunctions.

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once as

after when

until no matter how

whenever where

as soon as

although

unless

When a subordinating conjunction joins two clauses together, one clause becomes dependent on or subordinate to the other.

That is why it is called the subordinate clause.

I was hungry so I ate my dinner.

Subordinate clauses indicate relationships such as time, place, result, on what condition, reason, manner and so on.

Examples:

He struts around the premises as if he is the owner. (how)

The pots and pans have been put where the baby cannot reach them. (place ) If you continue to do the wrong thing, you will be punished. (condition )

Underline the conjunctions in these sentences.

1. Since it was late the crowd began to disperse.

2. Transportation is more reliable now than it was in the past.

3. Before you leave, please tidy your room.

4. He must have arrived while we were upstairs.

5. The telephone stopped ringing as soon as I picked it up.

6. If you listen to sound advice you would do better.

7. Although he is struggling he has refused all help.

8. After baking the cake she made a pecan pie.

9. I will certainly pay you whenever you complete the job.

10. Now that you have completed the course you can apply for the job.

Join each pair of sentences using a suitable conjunction.

1. She did not hurt herself. She fell down the stairs. ________________________________________________________________________ 2. Daddy cooked lunch. Mummy cleaned the car. _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Sour bombs are sold here. Other snacks are sold here. _________________________________________________________________________ NATION WORKBOOK

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4. My sisters are not at home. My father is not at home. _________________________________________________________________________ 5. I arrived at school late. I left home early. __________________________________________________________________________ 6. I did my homework early. I could go outside to play. __________________________________________________________________________ 7. Kiara did not know the answer. Shani did not know the answer. __________________________________________________________________________ 8. Tremaine will water the plants. You ask him. __________________________________________________________________________ 9. We ate lunch. The bell rang. __________________________________________________________________________ 10. A good harvest is expected. Much rain has fallen. __________________________________________________________________________ Complete this exercise using conjunctions from the list given. and

where

but

whenever

as as long as

since or

like while

although unless

1. Tristan is dedicated to his studies ______________ his brother is not.

2. I will go with you _________________ you promise to act responsibly.

3. __________________ we visit our grandparents ,we have a wonderful time.

4. Always use your bright beams ________________ you are driving on dark roads.

5. She insisted on going there________________ she was advised not to do so.

6. Complete your work quickly ____________ you will be punished.

7. ___________________you have refused to clean your room you will be grounded.

PREPOSITIONS Now look at the sentences below and notice how the relationship between Ken and the table changes.

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In each sentence, the underlined word shows the relationship between the noun which comes after it and the verb ‘sat’.

Each underlined word is a preposition.

If the word PREPOSITION into parts, we get PRE and POSITION. When used in a sentence, a preposition is a word that is positioned before (pre) another word or phrase and relates directly to that second word.

A preposition is a word that shows a relationship between the noun and the pronoun which comes before it and some other word or group of words in the sentence.

The noun or pronoun that follows the preposition is the object of the preposition.

What is the object of the preposition in each of the examples used above? Write it in the space below. ________________________ is the object of the prepositions used.

Notice that

- A preposition relates a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence.

- The noun or pronoun that follows the preposition is the object of the preposition.

Underline all the prepositions in the following passage: During the past two years, athletes from the Primary schools in Barbados did not compete for supremacy in the area of track and field. This year, the country was under lockdown so coaches and Physical Education teachers could not train promising athletes to vie for the much coveted NAPSAC title. Most athletes and coaches now long for the day they can return to action safely, when they will again have the opportunity to mentally and physically condition their teams, to come NATION WORKBOOK

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against the best junior athletes across the land. Titles such as Victor and Victrix Ludorum will once again be up for grabs when the enthusiastic performers run, jump and throw with all their hearts.

Underline the prepositional phrase in the sentences.

1. The grocery store across town has a great produce selection.

2. The maid plunged her hands into the sink of dishes and soapy water.

3. My sister clapped and cheered as her team paraded across the field.

4. The road was closed because of an accident in front of the shop.

5. My sister read the entire book during the flight.

6. He drove with much care to avoid an accident on the wet streets.

7. I saw many bags of ash placed along the roadside.

8. I will get my dinner after the movie.

Words Often Misused In the English language there are several words that are commonly misused and /or confused.

1. accept – to receive willingly

Example: Will you accept my apology?

except - commonly used as a preposition meaning ‘but’ or ‘other than’

Example: Everyone prepared for the test except Trina.

2. all ready - means completely prepared.

Example: The journey began when they were all ready.

already - an adverb meaning previously or before this time.

Example: We had already fixed the room.

3. formally – done according to an established custom Example: We dressed formally for the wedding. formerly - means in the past: some time ago

Example:. The Grantley Adams International Airport was formerly called Seawell Airport.

4. one another – used when many are involved

each other – used with two persons or things

5. be sure and, try and (Incorrect) NATION WORKBOOK

Example:

Children should love one another.

Example: He and she love each other.

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be sure to, try to ( Correct) Use the infinitive marker ‘to’ instead of the word ‘and’ plus the main verb go together to form the infinitive.

Example: Be sure to close the door after you.

Try to behave yourself.

6. fewer – means not as many and is used when the units can be counted Example:

She has fewer stickers than her sister.

less – means not as much and is used for quantities which can not be counted

Example: I cooked less rice today than yesterday.

Please note that the words number and amount are treated similarly.

Number is used for units which are countable. Amount is used for quantities.

7. raise - means to lift something. This verb carries an object. rise – means to get up. This verb does not carry an object Example: I rise at six every morning.

Past

Present

Past participle

Present participle

raise

raised

raised

raising

rise

rose

risen

rising

8. would of, could of , should of - The word of is not part of the verb and must not be used for the auxiliary verb ‘have’.

It is correct to say would have, should have

or could have

Example: I would have gone if I had been invited.

9. affect - This is always a verb. It means to influence.

Example: The hecklers’ shouts did not affect the batsman’s concentration.

effect - This is a noun meaning the result or the influence

Example: What effect does radiation have on the human body?

10. sit - a verb meaning to occupy a seat. It does not carry an object.

set - This verb carries an object and means to put or fix in place.

Example: Every night my mother sets her alarm for five o’clock.

Underline the correct word or phrase in the brackets to correctly complete each sentence.

1. Do you know the (number, amount) of millitres in one litre?

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2. Everyone turned in his homework (accept, except) Dario.

3. His supervisor (raised, rised, rose) to leave the room.

4. (Set, Sit) the dinner table for six, please.

5. Make sure (to, and) try to solve the problem first.

6. The twin girls in this class always look after (each other, one another).

7. Let me know the (amount, number) of students that will be going to swimming.

8. This notice does not (affect, effect) me in any way.

9. The area called Gemswick was (formerly, formally) called Penny Hole.

10. The committee was (all ready, already) to convict the perpetrator.

11. (Less, Fewer) children are reading books today as the computer is being used more.

12. I (should of, should have) told my mother about the incident.

Underline the error in each sentence and then write the correction in the brackets.

1. The two children loved one another.

(

)

2. Kimani’s marbles are less than ours.

(

)

(

)

(

)

5. Be sure and come to the party.

(

)

6. Tanya picked less fruits than I.

(

)

7. A large amount of books were donated.

(

)

8. The affect of your decision was disastrous.

(

)

9. A person who embraces an idea excepts it.

(

)

10. Try to sit a good example for your children.

(

)

3. We should of gone out today 4. The water raised a little after the flood.

SPELLING Strong spelling adds to the ease of reading any written message. Think about a book you have read and imagine the writing filled with spelling mistakes. It certainly would not have been enjoyable.

It is important to spell correctly so that when we write, the words would be distinguishable. Doing so is made much easier if the rules which govern spelling are known.

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Adding suffixes IBLE and ABLE

-able and -ible are both suffixes, added to a word to change its meaning or use. When -able and -ible are added to words it generally means 'capable of being' - We can use what we will call companion words to help when adding these suffixes. irritation

irritable

These are called companion words because they are formed from the root, irritate. Notice that both have used the a Look at this pair of companion words:

digestive

digestible

Both have used the letter i

> It is always useful to say the word aloud. Listen to yourself. After hard c or hard g, use -able.

Example: practicable

navigable

> This is also useful- look at the base word. If it is a complete word, add -able Example: dependable

changeable

> If the word ends with an unsounded e, omit the e. omit the e.

available

If the word ends with ce or ge, do not

If it is an incomplete word, add - ible Example:

edible

horrible

responsible

EXERCISE

Add -ible or -able to form new words.

1. knowledge

__________________________

2. agree

__________________________

3.comfort

__________________________

4. avert

__________________________

5.collect

__________________________

6. force

__________________________

7.move

__________________________

8. retrieve

__________________________

9. peace

__________________________

10.dispense NATION WORKBOOK

__________________________ 13

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Complete the following words by inserting either letter e or i.

1. illeg__ ble

2. transfer___ ble

3. revers __ ble

5. replace___ ble

6. exhaust___ ble

7. inconceiv__ ble

9. impecc___ ble

4. respons___ ble 8. believ___ ble

10. fall__ble

SOME MORE SPELLING HINTS FOR YOU

1. When dealing with words which have cal and cle endings a. the cle ending marks the noun.

b. the cal marks the adjective

Example: bicycle

2. Do not to confuse the syllables

Example: Musical

-cede , -ceed , -sede

a. the only word with - sede is supersede

b. the only words with – ceed spelling are succeed ,exceed and proceed

c. All the other words have – cede spelling. Example: concede

3. Words with more than one syllable and which contain two of the same consonants coming together (double consonant) break for a syllable between the double consonant.

Example: bal-loon ( balloon) 4.

Similar words with -se, -ce , -sy and -cy endings are simple to sort out Remember Example

s marks the verb

c marks the noun

Noun

- advice, prophecy

Verb

- advise, prophesy

5. Some words ending with ge and ce do not drop the e when adding a suffix except when adding the suffix -ing.

Example:

courage encourage commence

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courageous encouragement

encouraging

commencement

commencing

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EXERCISE Choose the correct word or fill the space with the correct word.

1. Are you able to use this (devise, device) with the machinery you already have?

2. Persons who are

__nco___________ win out in the end.

3. Tanya visited the phy________ when her legs began to itch.

4. The ballet dancer was exc____d____ly graceful.

5. Her ac___m___d____ion at the hotel was adequate for the night.

6. A motorist is required to renew his li______e during his birth month.

7. The prop________ did not prove very accurate.

8. Musi_____ instruments are very expensive nowadays.

9. The letter ‘e’ pre________ the letter ‘i’ in most spelling words.

10. Patricia’s penmanship su_____________s many manuscripts which I have seen before.

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PERCENTAGES (cont’d)

Finding The Percentage By Which A Given Quantity Is Increased

Example: The price of a book is increased from $20 to $25. What percentage increase is this?

Follow the steps above to work the following: 1. My daily pay was increased from $240 to $300.

What percentage increase is this?

______________

2. Increase the number 72 to 180.

What is the percentage increase?

______________

3. At 6 o’clock, the number of persons at the concert was 210.

By 6.30 the number was 350. By what percentage did the number of patrons increase?

______________

4. At the beginning of the May, Josh had $150 in the bank.

At the end of that month, he had $330.

By what percentage had his money increased?

_______________

Finding The Percentage By Which A Given Quantity Is Decreased Example:

The price of a book is decreased from $30 to $20.

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Complete the following: Original

New

1.

100

40

2.

$150

_________

3.

$300

$180

Decrease

Decrease Percent

_________

_______________

$50

_______________

__________

_______________

4. The marked price on the shirt is $75, but it was sold for $60.

What was the percentage decrease in cost?

_______________

5. John had 60 marbles but he lost 12 of them.

What percentage of marbles did he lose?

_______________

PRICE REDUCTION, DISCOUNT, PRICE INCREASE

When there is a sale, an article is reduced in price or a discount is given. In both cases, we subtract to find the new price.

But if the price of an article is increased, more money is added to the price of the article.

Example 1 A book which cost $9 is reduced by $1.50. What is the new cost?

Cost Price

=

$ 9.00

Reduction

=

$ 1. 50

Reduced price = ($9.00 - $1.50) Example 2

=

$ 7.50

During a sale, a dish which was usually sold for $9.98 was sold at a discount of $2.25. What was the new selling price?

Cost Price

=

Discount

=

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$9 .95 $2. 25 17

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New Selling price = ($9.95 -$2.25) =

$ 7.70

Example: My salary which was $800.00 a month was increased by $175.00.What is my new salary?

Original Salary = Increase

=

New salary

= =

$800.00 $ 175.00 ($800 + $175.00) $975.00

Example: Dacosta Mannings is offering a $25 dollar discount on all lamps. I bought a lamp for $185. What was the original price?

Discount

= $25.00

Selling Price

= $185.00

Original Price = ($25.00 + $185.00)

Exercise 1. Cost price

= $210.00

= $6.00

Reduction = $1.60

2. Cost price = $ 8.00 Reduced by $2 .24

Reduced price = __________ 3. Cost price $1 000 Selling price =

Discount $ 232.00

Reduced Price = __________ 4. Cost price ________ Discount = $10.00

___________

. Cost price = $ 44.28 Increased price =

Selling price = $390.00

Increased by $ 4.28 ____________

6. What is the reduced price of an item which was originally sold at $451 but is now being reduced by $115 ?

7.

_____________

My yearly car insurance was $550. It is now increased by $490. What is my new insurance payment? _____________

Exercise 1. Cost price

= $20.00

2. Cost price = $860 NATION WORKBOOK

Reduction = 5%

Reduced price = ___________

Reduced by 25%

Reduced Price = ___________ 18

THURSDAY, JUNE 10, 2021.

3. Cost price = $1 000

Discount 40%

Selling price =

4. Cost price =

Discount = 10%

Selling price = $54

Increased by 50%

Increased price = ___________

_______

5. Cost price = $ 75

___________

6. Calculate the price which a customer will pay after getting a 10% discount on an item for which the regular price is $75.

7.

A television set which was to be sold at $1999 is being sold at a discount of 20%. What is the selling price?

8.

______________

My yearly car insurance was $1680. It is discounted by 33 1/3 if paid on time. What is my new insurance payment?

VAT

______________

____________

(Value Added Tax)

A tax is a compulsory payment levied (charged) by a government on income, property, purchases etc, in order to raise

revenue. In Barbados and all over the world, a tax is charged and added to the cost of the item. This tax is called Value Added Tax or VAT.

VAT is usually expressed as a percentage. In Barbados, VAT on items is at a fixed rate of 17 1/2 % This means that for every dollar spent on the cost of an item or service, a consumer will now pay an additional 17 1/2 cents as a tax.

We know that the cost price is always 100 %.

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PRACTICE

VAT is set at 17 1/2 % unless stated otherwise.

Calculate the cost of 1)

a book marked at $ 25.60 + VAT

____________________

2) a lamp marked at $ 280 + VAT 3)

A packet of biscuits costing $ 3.25 plus VAT

4)

A haircut costing $ 25 + VAT

5)

A set of 4 dining room chairs priced at $80 each

_____________________ _____________________

plus VAT 6. Three boxes of masks marked at $50 each + VAT

_____________________

_____________________

____________________

7. A music CD costs $46 when VAT is included. What was the original price if Vat is 15%

____________________

8. VAT of 8 % is included in the price of an item. The price is NATION WORKBOOK

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now $216. What was the original price?

9.

__________________

Glass is sold at $ 4.20 per square metre plus VAT. How much will a piece of glass measuring 5m by 4 metres cost ?

___________________

10. An electricity bill is $450 including VAT. Find the cost before VAT ?

___________________

SETS A set is a collection of objects, things or symbols which are clearly defined.

The individual objects in a set are called the members or elements of the set.

A set must be properly defined so that it may be determined whether an object is a member of the set.

Sometimes sets are represented sets visually through the use of a Venn Diagram.

1. Listing the members of a set The set can be defined by listing all of its members. The members are separated by commas and are enclosed within braces.

For example: A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} S = {a, b, c, d, e}

read, the set A whose members are 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 read, the set S whose members are a, b, c, d and e.

We can connect a member and a set using the symbol

. Look at the example below:

Now list these sets: i)

E = {The set of vowels in the word CHOICE} ______________________________

ii) D= { the days in a week beginning with the letter ‘T’.} iii) L= {letters in the word LOYAL}

_____________________

_______________________________________

iv) X= {prime numbers less than 15} _____________________________________ 2. Types of Sets (a) The Universal Set - a universal set is the set of all elements under consideration. !"#$%!&'%()*%%)

!"

#$%&'()*+,#-&./#"0,#!0!"1

It is represented by capital U or sometimes capital E. For example: Given U = {1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}, list the elements of the following sets i) N = {prime numbers less than 12}

ii) M= {multiples of 3}

NB: The elements of sets N and M can only be selected from the given universal set U. i) N= {5, 7, 11}

ii) M = {6, 9, 12}

In Venn diagrams, the universal set is usually represented by a rectangle and labelled U. Example:

Draw a Venn diagram to represent the following sets: U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}

(b)

P = {1, 2, 5, 6}

S = {3, 9}

The Empty Set -There are some sets that do not contain any elements at all. For example, the set of months with 35

days. We call a set with no elements the null set or empty set. It is represented by the symbol { } or Ø. (c)

Subset – A subset is a set found within another set.

i) M = {multiples of 3}

______________________________________________

ii) F = {factors of 10}

_______________________________________________

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iii) L= {numbers less than 5}

___________________________________________

iv) P= {prime numbers between 6 and 15} _____________________________________ v) S = {square numbers}

______________________________________________

vi) T= {whole numbers from 1 to 10} ______________________________________ vi) E= {even numbers greater than 6} _____________________________________

Exercise: List the following a) the set B whose members are even numbers less than 13. _____________________ b) the set O whose members are odd numbers between 50 and 60. c)

________________

the set X whose members are triangles with four sides_________________________

d) the set P whose members are square numbers less than 25 _____________________ e) the set N whose members are prime numbers less than 5 _______________________ f) the set L whose members are multiples of 6 greater than 31 and less than 61 _______ 3. Union of Sets Union is the joining or coming together of two or more sets. Union of set A and set B means all the members which are in set A plus all the members from set B. The symbol for union is U. For example: If A = {cat ,dog, rabbit} and B = {sheep goat, cow} then A U B = {cat, dog, rabbit, sheep, goat , cow}

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Remember members are not repeated when they are being listed in the union set.

A.

Write the union of the following sets:

i) B= {1,2,3,4,5}

T ={2,4,6,8, 10}

_____________________________________

ii) X ={days of the week with 6 letters}

Y={days of the week beginning with S}

_________________________________________________________________ iii) E ={factors of 6}

F= {factors of 8} ____________________________________

B. If L= {Saturday, Sunday}

M = {Tuesday, Thursday}, what is LUM?

___________________________________________________________

C. If F= {red, pink, orange}, G= { white, blue, gold}, H = {blue, gold, black}, what is (a) F U G

_________________________________________________________________________

(b) F U H

__________________________________________________________________________

(c) G U H

__________________________________________________________________________

r 4. Cardinality of a Set The cardinality of a set is simply the number of objects or elements in that set.

It is represented by n(name of set).

For example:

D = {b, i, r, t, h, d, a, y} n(D) = 8

2. Use the answers in D above to write i) n(U) ii) n(G)

______________________ _______________________

iii) n(F) ______________________ 5. Intersection of Sets NATION WORKBOOK

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The intersection of two sets is “all the members of one set that are also members of the other.” The symbol used for intersection is ..

A ∩ B means all the members of Set A that are also members of set B. For example: A= {hit, bug, mite, bee, fly}

B = {hit, mite, bee, ant, do, of}

A ∩ B = {hit, mite, bee}

What is the intersection of the following sets? i)

C= {1,3,5,7,9}

G ={3,6,9,11

ii)

P = (a, b, c, d,e }

iii) K = {factors of 21)

M = (a,e,i,o,u}

_________________________________ _________________________________

L= {factors of 15} _______________________________

iv) M={Art , Math , Grammar, Health} N= {Science, Spelling, Art, Math, Spanish} ___________________________________________________ v)

X= {lily, daisy, rose, carnation, hibiscus} Y ={rose, chrysanthemum, daisy, lily} ____________________________________________

Exercise

2.

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3. A group of 30 children indicated their favourite snacks. 12 like chocolate only. 8 like nuts only.

4 like neither chocolates nor nuts.

4.

I questioned some students and found out that 18 like Mathematics, 14 like Science and 10 said they

like both subjects.

(a) How many students did I question?

____________________

5.

THE CIRCLE

Parts of a circle

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Example 1

The radius of a circle is 24cm. What is its diameter?

Radius of circle = 24cm Diameter of same circle = 24cm x 2

Example 2:

= 48 cm The diameter of a circle is 18.6cm. What is its radius?

Diameter of circle = 18.6cm Radius of circle

EXERCISE 1.

= 18.6 ÷ 2 = 9.3 cm

Fill in the missing diameter or radius.

3. Circle A has a radius of 39cm. The radius of circle B is one-third that of circle A.

HIRE PURCHASE Hire purchase is a popular way of buying expensive goods. If the item is expensive and the customer cannot pay the full cash price, then that item may be bought or paid for over a period of time. The customer usually pays a deposit (or a NATION WORKBOOK

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down payment) and the balance is then paid by weekly or monthly instalments. This method of purchase is called Hire

Purchase (HP).

In many cases, the Hire Purchase price is higher than if the customer pays for the item at the cash price (payment all at once).

Look at the following examples:

2000

260 1740 1740 1740 145.00

260

260

103.50

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Now work these example: 1. A down payment of $300 is made on a living room suite and the remainder is paid in 12 equal monthly instalments of $240.

What is the cost of the dining set?

___________________

2. Mr Small paid down $300 on a television set and then made 18 equal weekly instalments of $110.

Calculate the hire purchase price of the television set.

4.

__________________

Darren wished to purchase a radio for $1000. The sales clerk told him to make a down-payment of $180 $75 and pay the remainder in 10 equal monthly instalments. How much must Darren pay each month? ________________

5. The cash price of a toaster oven is $285. The hire purchase price is $400.

If the deposit is 10% followed by 10 equal monthly instalments, find the amount which must be paid each month.

6.

_________________

A DVD player costs $240 cash. It is available on H.P. by paying a deposit of 20% followed by 12 instalments of $18.50.

What is the extra paid by using the Hire Purchase method?

_________________

7.

(b) How much money is saved if the customer chooses to buy the television cash?

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COORDINATES

Coordinates allow us to locate exactly where a point or shape is on a graph or map.

Coordinates are written in brackets separated by a comma, like this (1, 6). They are an ‘ordered pair’ of numbers which means the order in which they are written is important.

A. Try this question on your own. Remember always count across and then up

• •

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Class 3 & 4 Language Arts – Comprehension 1. Dr Charles Turner was a scientist.

2. He did his research at home.

3. Bees didn’t get lost because they memorized the area in which they lived.

4. Dr Turner spent his free time doing research on insects.

5. Dr Turner’s brilliance and dedication are two qualities that made him successful.

6. The word “interested” as used in line 1 is an adjective 7. They used the sense of hearing.

8. The main idea is the behavior of insects.

Comprehension 1. c. Joyful 2. b. threateningly 3. d. He did not want his mother to know he was leaving 4. a. Skilful 5. b. He was sad 6. b. Thunder 7. d. An adverb 8. c. Disappointment Conjunctions (Cont’d) – Types of Conjunctions Underline the conjunctions in the following sentences.

1. and 2. but 3. nor 4. as though 5. Since 6. Either, or Join these pairs of sentences using suiting conjunctions.

1. Pansy swept the floor while Annalee put out the washing.

2. Kito arrived late for school because his father’s car broke down.

3. Unplug the iron after you press this shirt for your sister.

4. I did my chores quickly so that I could play with my friends.

5. Neither did David nor Destiny know the answer.

6. The children were punished because they threw stones in the mango tree.

7. She stumbled as she walked up the steps.

8. We expect good crops since much rain has fallen.

9. She became ill after she had eaten the pecan pie.

10. I am going to the fair although my mother forbids me to do so.

Adverbs (cont’d) – Comparing Adverbs Exercise Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the adverb given.

1. more quickly 2. farthest 3. happily 4. more carefully 5. worse 6. more loudly 7. more clearly 8. More 9. more beautifully 10. better 11. more often 12. best Choose the best word from the ones given in the brackets 1. well 2. hard 3. better 4. more sweetly 5. earlier 6. more loudly 7. later The Relative Pronouns Join the following sentences using who or

whom 1. The man who was trapped in the building lost his leg.

2. This is the lady who I met at a funeral.

3. Mr Graham is a man who can complete any difficult task.

4. Melica who is a resident of Haiti was pulled from the rubble.

5. I think that is the girl who the dog bit.

6. That student who loves to read writes lovely stories.

Who is used as a subject pronoun.

Underline the correct relative pronoun.

1. Who 2. Who 3. who 4. whom 5. who 6. who 7. who 8. whom Correcting Sentences Spot and underline the error in each sentence. Write the correct form on the line provided.

1. loose (lose) 2. quick (quickly) 3. are (is) 4. were (was) 5. them (they) 6. came (come) 7. back ( reverse, and) 8. mines (mine) 9. Ladie’s (Ladies) 10. sweeter (more sweetly) 11. like (likes) Prefixes Add a suitable prefix to the word in the brackets to correctly complete each sentence.

1. transatlantic 2. reused 3. misplaced 4. unconscious 5. re-televised 6. international 7. equidistant 8. prewarned 9. misconducting 10. encircled 11. misled 12. dislocated 13. re-arranged 14. dissatisfied 15. underachieve Vocabulary – Homophones Choose the word which best completes each sentence.

1. practise 2.their 3. pier 4. peal 5. imminent 6. assent 7. rap 8. formally 9. alter Supply suitable homonyms 1. clutch 2. ??

3. ???

4. scale 5. hind 6. rung Revision Exercise 1. he, I 3. her 5. him,them 7. we 9. her 11. him, me 13. they

2. She, they 4. her, us 6. her 8. they 10. we 12. Her, us 14. him

Complete the following sentences by inserting into each sentence a suitable word from the list provided.

1. contradiction 2. spectacle 3. contrary

4. unique 5. universal 6. phobia 7. contrast 8. spectators 9. union 10. spectacular Mathematics Decimals (cont’d) Rounding decimals Round to nearest whole number nearest tenth nearest hundredth nearest thousandth a) 54 54.3 54.29 54.285 b) 8 7.7 7.69 c) 20 19.7 19.71 19.711 d) 9 9.0 9.00 9.003 e) 5 4.6 f) 82 81.6 81.64 g) 67 67.0 67.04 Ordering Decimals Arrange these decimals in order of size, smallest first.

1. 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 2. 0.36 0.49 0.63 0.75 3. 0.32 0.4 0.41 0.5 4. 0.005 0.013 0.05 0.25 5. 0.25 2/5 0.49 0.7 6. 1/8 0.250 1/3, 0.75 Dividing Decimals Exercise 1. 43.2 2. 1230 3. 132 4. 28.4 5. 4.4 6. 246 7. 0.725 kg 8. 32 bags 9. 185.18 lbs 10. 18 doses Increasing and Decreasing A Quantity In A Given ratio Exercise 1. 100 2. $2.40 3. Rent $280 Food $700 4. Class 1 - 264 Class 2 - 44 Class 3 - 132 5. 10m 6. 10 blue marbles 7. 1.5 cups

5.

100 out of 100

Changing A Common Fraction To a Percentage Change these fraction to percentages.

1. 60% 2. 30% 3. 80% 4. 45% 5. 40% 6. 80% 7. 75% 8. 30% 9. 50% 10. 25% 11. 33.3% 12. 6% 13. 90% 14. a) 70% b) 30% 15.75% Change the following percentages to fractions in their lowest terms 1. 1/4 2. 7/50 3. 3/50 4. 3/20 5. 13/20 6. 7/10 Changing a Percentage to A Decimal Write these percentages as decimals.

1. 0.38 2. 0.78 3. 0.36 4. 0.85 5. 0.15 6. 0.09 7. 0.01 8. 0.2 9. 1 10. 0.33 Changing A Decimal To A Percentage Write each decimal as a percent.

1. 73% 2. 0.4% 3. 2.% 4. 61% 5. 29.3% 6. 15%

Finding Unknowns In Ratios Solve the following i. B = 16 ii. x = 32 iii. x = 10 iv. x = 20 v. x = 15

Finding Percentages of Quantities Exercise 1. 84 2. 12 girls 3. 9 mins 4. 9.375 5. 13.5 metres 6. a) 40% of $20 b) $4.00 7. 3 matches 8. 59% 9. a) 25% b) 30 children

Percentages Use the percent sign to write these marks as a percentage.

1. 79% 2. 95% 3. 36% 4. 81% 5. 42%

Expressing One Quantity as a Percentage of Another Exercise 1. 50% 2. 33.3% 3. 25% 4. 16.6% 5. 300 6. 80% 7. 33.3% 8. 80% 9. 33.3% 10. 150%

Can you write what each of these mean?

1.

87 out of 100 2.

18 out of 100 3.

30 out of 100 4.

70 out of 100

Statistics 1. 34 3. 16 4. 5 5. 23/34

2. 70 -79

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