TERM 1
Thursday, November 4, 2021
Vol. 16 No. 6
Name: School: Class:
18 9 771996 180090
1
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
COMPREHENSION
Read the following passage carefully.
Check the letter beside the word or phrase which gives the correct answer. 1. Thick fat called ________ keeps polar bears warm. A. fur
B. blubber
C. ice
D. food
C. seals
D. snow cones
2. What do polar bears like to eat best? A. fish
B. penguins
3. What nickname do people call polar bears? A.
noses with legs
C.
seal eaters
B. abominable snowmen D.
blubber bears
4. What do polar bear mothers do for their new babies? A. teach them to swim NATION WORKBOOK
B. teach them to hunt for food 2
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
C. love them 5.
The word “smell” in line 6 is A. a verb
6.
D. keep them warm and feed them
B. an adjective
C. an adverb
D. a noun
Why are polar bears called by that nick name? A. They can see very well
B. They are fast runners
B. They can smell very well
D.
They are very small and fat
Now use complete sentences to answer these questions. 7. Where do polar bears live?
________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________ 8. What do polar bears look like when they are born? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ MAKING NOUNS PLURAL (cont’d) For nouns that end in f or fe, do these two things when making them plural.
On the cover this week
Make these nouns plural. Remember to make the change before adding -es
While Gabriel Alleyne of The Blackman and Gollop School enjoys his online classes he misses his friends and the fun they experience during lunch and break. Therefore, when his mother returns home on evening Gabriel joins her and his sibling in getting some exercise. (Picture by Kenmore Bynoe.)
NATION WORKBOOK
3
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Look carefully at the two nouns below. Even though they end in f and fe, they only add-s when forming their plural. reef
reefs
safe
safes
Fill in the missing plurals below.
Notice that for nouns ending in -ff just add -s to make them plural. For example: cliff
cliffs
Now write the plural form of each noun given: a) puff ____________
b) sniff _______________ c) staff _______________
d) bluff ____________
e) handcuff ____________ f) earmuff______________
g) sheriff ___________
h) bailiff________________
COLLECTIVE NOUNS
Collective nouns are words used for groups or collections of persons, animals, places or things. For example: swarm - a group of insects.
bundle – a group of sticks
The words swarm and bundle are collective nouns
In the space provided, write the letter which shows the collective noun. 1. The team celebrated after winning the match. A
B
C
_______
2. The cowboys guided the herd across the fields. NATION WORKBOOK
4
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
A
B
C
_______
3. After the speeches, the ladies were each given a lovely bouquet. A
B
C
_______
4. Our extended family includes grandparents and cousins. A
B
C
_______
5. Maya is a new girl in our class. A
B
C
_______
Fill in the spaces with suitable collective nouns 1. a ________________of trees
5.
a_______________ of sheep
2. a ________________of tools
6. a _______________ of cards
3. a ________________of books
7. a _______________ of grapes
4. a ________________of drawers
8. a _______________of keys
Complete the following: i) a choir of __________________
iii) a hive of _______________
ii) an army of _________________
iv) a set of ________________
PUNCTUATION A. The full stop •
The full stop is maybe the easiest punctuation mark to use. It is sometimes called a period and is mostly used at the
end of a complete sentence. A capital letter is then used to start the next new sentence.
The full stop is a very small dot and sits on the line.
Look carefully to see the full-stop in the sentence: The cat is sitting on the garden wall. Put the missing full stop or question mark in each sentence. 1. When is he going to the bank 2. They have moved to St Vincent. 3. I asked my mother for a new iphone. 4. Did you feed the dog today 5. Yesterday was Thursday, Oct 27,2021 NATION WORKBOOK
5
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Addition With Carrying In addition, sometimes the digits in the ones column total 10 or more than 10. When this happens, the answer is re-written as tens and ones.
Look carefully at this sum:
Working without using pictures
Now practice these:
NATION WORKBOOK
6
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
2
4
6
Language in Addition Here are some words which tell us to add in Mathematics:
Can you think of any other words which says to add? Discuss with your teacher. Now, work out answers to these sums:
______________
2. What is the sum of 120 and 47?
______________
3. Increase 35 by 25
______________
4. What number is 9 more than 42?
______________
1. Add 25 to 32
Show your working
5. Kanini had 36 pencils and Tiffany had 31 pencils. How many pencils did they have altogether? ______________ 6. Yesterday i got 23 passes in my Mathematics book and 19 in my Grammar book. How many passes is this in all? _____________ NATION WORKBOOK
7
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
RULES IN ADDITION In Mathematics, there are some rules that will help with your addition if you follow them.
One rule says, when adding numbers, it doesn't matter which order the numbers are in, the answer will be the same. For example, if I have 3 exercise books and my friend has 6 exercise books, it does not matter if we add 3 + 6 or 6 + 3. The order of the digits has only been changed. Either way they add up to 9. It is true to say then, that
3+6 = 6+3
RULE 1
Circle the statements which show that the change of order does not change the answer 1) 10 + 8 = 8 + 10
9+2=9 x2
2) 16 = 10 + 2 + 4
l + (5 + 7) = (5 + 7) +1
3) 2+ 3 + 4 = 3 + 2 + 4
7 -0 = 0-7
11 + 4 = 15 9+0=9 7+3=3+7
4 x 0 < 0 +4 r+q=q+r 5 - 0=1+4
Write two mathematical statements of your own showing this rule. ________________________________
NATION WORKBOOK
______________________________
8
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
COMPREHENSION
The following is the index in a book. The pages numbered in bold print have pictures or illustrations on them.
1.
What pages would you turn to if you wanted to read about butterflies?
A.
pages 20-22
C.
pages 72 – 74, 76
2.
B. D.
pages 77 – 78 pages 79, 89-93
What pages would you turn to if you want to read about deer?
A. pages 20 – 22
B. pages 86 -88
C. pages 72 – 74, 76
D. pages 79, 89 – 93
3.
List the pages on which you would find information about the Peppered Moth.
NATION WORKBOOK
9
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
A. pages 86 – 88
C. pages 77 – 78, 4.
D. pages 79, 89- 93
List the pages on which you would find information about wild dogs.
A pages 47, 49, 53, 67 C. pages 79, 89 – 93 5.
B. pages 72-74, 76
B. pages 77 – 78 D. pages 86 -88
Which kind of mammal or insect will you learn about on page 21?
________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Which kind of mammal or insect will you learn about on page 90? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. On which page will I find a picture of a bird? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. I want to see what a cat looks like. To which page will I turn? ________________________________________________________________________________________ GRAMMAR
Plural Nouns (Continued)
1
NATION WORKBOOK
10
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Complete the tables by writing the correct plurals.
Form the plurals of these compound nouns. Singular
Plural
1. brother-in-law ______________ 2. son-in-law ______________ 3. daughter-in-law ______________ 4. passer-by ______________ 5. looker-on
______________
6. runner-up ______________ governor-general ______________ 7. 8. attorney-at-law ______________ Complete the following sentences with the plural noun form of the noun in the brackets. 1. The ______________________ wore blue dresses. (maid-of-honour) 2. The ______________ provides us with wool.(sheep) 3. The ___________________in the show were given airline tickets. (runner-up) 4. The _______________________ attended a special meeting. (attorney-general) 5. Many ____________________ were walking along the corridor. (child) 6. The _______________ made a loud noise when we passed the cage. (goose) 7. We bought new _______________________ at the pharmacy ( toothbrush). 8. The _______________ grazed contentedly in the field. (ox)
NATION WORKBOOK
11
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Complete each phrase below with a suitable noun chosen from the list given.
chocolate
jam
lemonade
meat
milk
bread
oil
rice
tea
tennis
dust
Example: a block of
cheese
cheese
1. a glass of ______________
7. a piece of ______________
2. a jar of _______________
8. a packet of _______________
3. a slice of ______________
9. a bottle of ______________
4. a barrel of _____________
10. a cup of _______________
5. a game of ______________
11. a block of ______________
6. a speck of ______________
12. a bar of ______________
Nouns ending with -ian and -cian Some nouns are formed by adding -ian or -cian to them. Use your dictionary to find the meanings of the following words. librarian technician
magician optician
paediatrician
electrician
politician physician
Now put those words in the sentences which follow: 1. The ____________________performed many tricks at the party. 2. The ____________________ fixed the lights in our home. 3. Doctor Grant, the _________________ gave mother some medicine. 4. Shirley bought her glasses from the___________________ 5. The ________________________asked us to vote for him. 6. Our refrigerator was fixed by the ___________________. 7. Mother took my sick baby-brother to the ____________________.
NATION WORKBOOK
12
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Subtracting to hundreds with regrouping
Work out the following subtraction problems.
5. Last week a postman delivered 543 letters in a community. The week before that, he delivered 370. How many more letters did he deliver last week than in the week before? 6.
The total attendance at school on Monday was 705. On Tuesday it rained heavily and 43 fewer children came
to school. What was the attendance on Tuesday? 7.
_____________
_____________
There are 218 pages in my Language Arts textbook and 175 in the Mathematics book. What is the difference
between the number of pages in the two books? ______________ 8.
(The following 3 questions require more than one step to find the answer.) Sharon had 150 stickers. If she gave her friends Kia 24
and Mia 32, how many did she keep for herself?
______________ 9.
On three trips a bus carried a total of 190 passengers. On the first trip there were 59 and on the second 63. How
NATION WORKBOOK
13
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
many passengers were on the third trip? 10.
______________
Tyrese gained a total of 245 marks in Mathematics, Grammar and Science. He gained 84 in Mathematics
and 7 marks less in Grammar. What was his Science mark? _____________ TYPES OF LINES A line is a series of dots joined together. We use capital letters at the end of lines to name them. There are many types of lines around us. Observe the examples given below.
The box is made up and contains different types of lines. What type of line is each?
1.
MN is ___________________ line
5.
NP is ____________________line
2.
AP is ____________________ line
6.
XY is ____________________line
3.
OP is ____________________ line
7.
MO is ____________________ line
4.
ST is ____________________ line
NATION WORKBOOK
14
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Forming the Largest Even or Smallest Even Whole Number from Given Digits Remember that even whole numbers have 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 in the ones place.
Example 1: What is the largest even number which may be formed from the digits 7, 8, 1 and 6. The largest number formed is 8761. But this number is odd. To form the largest even number you place the 6 in the ones place and the 1 in the tens place. The largest even number formed is therefore 8716.
Example 2: Form the smallest even number from 2, 5, 9 and 4. The smallest number formed is 2459. Note that this number is odd because it has an odd digit in the ones place. The smallest even number becomes 2594. EXERCISE 1 Form the smallest even number from each of the following sets of digits. (a)
3, 7, 4, 6
_________________
(b) 1, 8, 2, 5
(c)
_________________
__________________
9, 6, 3, 4
Form the biggest even number from each set of numbers. (a) 5, 1, 4, 3
(b) 3, 7, 8, 4
_________________
(c) 8, 3, 6, 7
_________________
_________________
Forming the Largest Odd or Smallest Odd Whole Number from Given Digits
Remember that odd whole numbers have 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 in the ones place. Example 1: Form the biggest odd number from
these digits: 2, 7, 9 and 4. The biggest number formed is 9742. This number is even. To make it the biggest odd number, place the smallest odd digit in the ones place. The biggest odd number formed is therefore 9427. Example 2: Form the smallest odd number from the following digits: 7, 8, 1, 6
The smallest number formed is 1678. This is an even number. To make it the smallest odd number, place the biggest odd digit in the ones place. The smallest odd number is 1687. Exercise 1 Form the biggest odd number from each of the following sets of digits. (a)
3, 5, 2, 9 ______________
(b)
4, 3, 7, 8
(c)
______________
4, 7, 9, 8
______________
Form the smallest odd number from each of the following sets of digits. (a)
5, 8, 7, 2
_________________ NATION WORKBOOK
(b) 3, 1, 6, 5
(c)
_________________ 15
7, 4, 6, 3
_________________ THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
COMPREHENSION Read the following passage carefully.
After you have read it the first time, make a note of new or unfamiliar words.
Be sure to check their meanings in your dictionary and note those meanings in your vocabulary book. Learn to spell these words and try to use them in your composition writing.
Now read the passage again thinking of the meanings of the words which you checked. Ten more minutes to go before the end of Spanish class, but Diallo could not focus. During Science and Comprehension classes before, he had been imagining the punishment that he would get from Sir for not having done his homework again. This was the third time this week. He racked his brain to try to come up with a plausible excuse. Maybe he could say that his dog had eaten his assignment. No, he had used that one already. Or maybe his sister threw it in the bin by mistake. Or maybe he could say…. It was hopeless. This had happened too often. Mr. Downes would never believe him. Diallo could just picture the sarcastic grin which would stretch across his thin lips as he set out the punishment.
Brrrring! That sound broke his concentration. It was the bell to signal the end of Spanish class. Beads of perspiration
formed across Diallo’s forehead as Mr. Hoyte left and he watched his classmates remove their Maths books from their bags. He glanced down at the desk which was noticeably bare and waited like a prisoner doomed to his fate.
He heard footsteps echoing down the corridor and stop outside the classroom door. Slowly, slowly, the door to the
classroom was pushed inward with an agonizing creak. The blood pounded loudly in his eardrums as he held his breath! It was…Ms Rochester, the secretary. She smiled sweetly and informed that Mr. Downes was absent and that the substitute, Mr. Gill, would be teaching them that day.
Diallo let out an audible sigh of relief and his face broke into a wide grin. This is definitely not going to happen again, he
thought to himself. Next time, I might not get away. The following questions are about the passage which you have just read. CIRCLE the letter beside the word or phrase which gives the BEST answer to each question.
1. For which subject had Diallo not prepared his homework assignment? NATION WORKBOOK
16
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
✔ a. Spanish
b. Mathematics
c. Science
d. Comprehension
2. What was the name of the person who taught the subject referred to in Question one? a. Ms. Rochester
b. Mr. Hoyte
c. Mr. Downes
d. Mr. Gill
3. Which one of the following statements is TRUE? a.
Diallo”s dog ate his homework.
b.
It was the third time for the week that he did not do his homework.
c.
Diallo wished the Spanish class would never end.
d.
Diallo never did homework.
4. What part of speech is the word “believe” (line 5)? a. noun
b. verb
c. adverb
d. adjective
5. The line ‘This is definitely not going to happen to me again’(line 14-15) suggests that a. Diallo would not pay more attention in class. b. Diallo was glad that Mr. Downes was absent. c. Diallo would do his homework from now on. d. Diallo is afraid of Mr. Downes. 6. Which word from the passage refers to the sense of sound? a. smiled
( line 12
)
b. brrrring ( line 7
b. teaching ( line 13 )
d. racked
( line 12
) )
7. “Beads of perspiration formed across Diallo’s forehead (line 10) because he was a. frightened 8.
b. sick
c. tired
d. sweating
In the passage, the word ‘substitute’ (line 7) is used to describe
a. a teacher who fills in when another teacher is absent. b. a teacher who is liked by the entire class. NATION WORKBOOK
17
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
✔
c. a teacher who does not give homework . d. a teacher who enjoys teaching. 9.
According to the passage, in what order did Diallo experience these feelings? a. c.
Relief, distraction, Fear,
fear, joy
joy, distraction,
b. Distraction,
relief
d.
Joy,
relief,
fear,
relief,
joy
distraction,
fear
10. Which word in the passage could be used to replace the word ‘focus’ in line 1? a.
Believe
b. Answer
c. Concentrate
d. Remember
11. What did Diallo seem to be most worried about? a. Being scolded by Sir
b. Punishment from Sir.
c.
d. Sir’s sarcastic grin.
Sir calling his parents.
VERBS (cont’d): VERB TENSES The tense of a verb is the time expressed by the verb.
1. The Present Tense tells that an action is being performed at the present time. It is also used for habitual actions.
2. The Past Tense tells that the action has already happened.
3. The Future Tense tells that an action will take place in the future or at a later date. The Simple Present Tense Verbs in the simple present tense have two forms.
(a) The singular form ends with s. Example: smiles
plants
This form is usually used with singular nouns or pronouns.
For example: The doctor addresses the nation every week.
(b) The plural form does not usually end with s. Example: smile
plant
This form is usually used with a plural noun or pronoun. For example: Snails destroy many crops in Barbados.
There are some verbs that are irregular, that is, they do not follow the regular ending to the word, that is expected. NATION WORKBOOK
18
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Note the present and past tenses of these two irregular verbs:
Complete the following using the present tense of the verb in brackets. Be sure to check your subject before you write the verb. TIP:
If the subject is singular, use the verb which has s or es added.
If the subject is plural, use the verb which does not have s or es added.
1. Mother ___________ (water) her plants even when it __________. (rain ) 2. Every Sunday, the pastor _____________ (stop )and __________us a ride. ( offer ) 3. The men as well as the boys ___________ responsible for cleaning the rooms. (to be) 4. An accident _____________ (occur) at that junction regularly. 5. The purchase of soft drinks and unhealthy snacks _________ ( to have) been prohibited. 6. Larvae _______________ (float) in the stagnant water. 7. I usually ____________ (hold) the gentle hand of my old friend as we cross the street. 8. In which parish _____________one find Crab Hill? ( do ) 9. That hardware store_____________ (supply) any building material we need. 10. Mother _____________ (schedule) a dental appointment for me every six months. The Simple Past Tense To form the past tense of a regular verb
The past tense of a regular verb is formed by adding -ed to the base (main) verb. For example: clean
cleaned
That seems easy! Yes, but some spelling rules will apply. 1. 2.
If the verb ends in e, drop the e before adding ed. For example: share
If a single vowel precedes the final consonant, double the final consonant before adding ed. For example:
3.
shared
clap
clapped
If the verb ends with y, preceded by a consonant, change the y to i before adding ed. For example:
carry
carried
However, if there is a vowel just before the y, simply add ed.
NATION WORKBOOK
19
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
N.B. Find out the different ways how–ed may be pronounced.
But the simple past tense of all verbs do end in –ed.
Such verbs are called irregular verbs. They form their past tenses in the following ways: a) a vowel change
Example:
blow
b) a complete change of word .
Example:
go
c) the word remains the same .
Example:
split
blew
went split
NB. Check for verbs which have the same past and present tense form. Write in the space provided the past tense of the word given.
1. Sally _________Parker to the hospital when he suffered from an asthma attack. (rush) 2. The two friends _____________ to keep in touch with each other. (promise) 3. My neighbour’s dog___________ the intruder. (bite) 4. Those fishermen _______________ their nets over the side of the boat. (cast) 5. The volunteers __________ the many items to be sold at the fair. (label ) 6. Hurricane Michael ___________stronger as it approached The Panhandle. (become) 7. The Delta variant of Corona virus ________rapidly among the residents. ( spread) 8. Mrs Eastmond _________________the wet towels and put them on the line. (wring) 9. The weather news made it apparent that the storm _____________ imminent. (be ) 10. The bus __________several angry young men to the isolation centre. ( bring) 11. The scientist expressed surprise when he ____________ the sample. ( magnify) 12. I __________ greatly from listening to the advice of the older people. ( benefit ) The Simple Future Tense
The future tense tells of an action which will take place at a later time. It is formed by adding the auxillary verb will or shall to the base form of the verb.
I shall clean the rooms before I leave. auxiliary
Mr Hall will teach the lesson today.
base verb
auxiliary
base verb
Write the future tense of the verb given to complete each sentence. 1.
The aeroplane _____________________ at 11:20. (to arrive)
NATION WORKBOOK
20
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
2.
I __________________you carry the boxes to the car. (to help)
3.
Do you think schools _____________ by January next year? (to re-open)
4.
Josh ______________________to the cinema with his friends tonight. (to go)
5.
Hurry! The supermarket __________________ in ten minutes. ( to close)
6. That’s what they always say, but they_________________ about it by next year. (to forget) 7. You __________________the test- results within 48 hours. (receive) Circle the verb in each sentence. On the line provided write its tense. 1. The sheep graze contentedly in the field.
______________________
2. Who opens the school doors in the morning?
_______________________
3. The accident occurred at the road junction. 4.
Se will become an excellent chef someday.
______________________
______________________
5. The naughty boy spread butter all over the floor. 6. I shall pass my driver’s test this time. 7. They were cricket champions for three years.
______________________
_______________________ _________________________
SYNONYMS Words which are similar in meaning are called SYNONYMS. A sound knowledge of these helps you to write with flair. Look at these sentences.
Many seeds are scattered by birds.
Many seeds are dispersed by birds
In the space provided, write a word which can be used to replace the underlined word. 1. A peculiar sound could be heard coming from the old truck. 2. I cannot recall the name of the policeman who came.
____________
3. Drink sufficient water to keep yourself hydrated.
4. The persons in home quarantine are not permitted to leave their homes.
5. fter surgery I spent two weeks recuperating in the hospital.
____________
____________
6. I enjoy sitting in my garden; it is so serene!
____________ ____________
7. Smoking in my house is forbidden.
____________
8. Large balloons have been suspended from the ceiling.
9. A large crowd assembled at the Garrison on Gold Cup day. NATION WORKBOOK
____________
21
____________ ____________ THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
10. Try as I might I could not persuade the child to go into the jumping tent.
___________
Complete the sentences using a noun formed from the word IN CAPITALS. 1. DARK
I always sleep with a light switched on as I do not like _______________.
2. FREE
The children have the ________________to go as they please.
3. COMPARE
Can you really make a ______________between the two boys?
4. DESCRIBE
The police gave a detailed ____________ of the missing vehicle.
5. FLY The birds took _______________when chased by the cat. 6. JUST His lament was that there was no ___________ for the poor. 7. ALLOW My parents have never given me an _______________. 8. INJURE The unfortunate man received major____________ in the accident. 9. RELIEVE The family breathed a sigh of __________ when he was discharged from hospital. 10. GRAND
We marveled at the ______________ of their new home.
USING EI AND IE CORRECTLY Many errors are made in the spelling of words which require use of either ie or ei. This well-known poem will help you remember and better understand when to use ie or ei. i before e, except after c
or when sounded as a as in neighbour or weigh So follow these simple rules to get it right each time. 1. Write ie when the sound is long vowel sound ee. 2. If the two letters are coming after c, write ei.
3. When the two letters give the sound of ay, write ei.
Example: niece Example: deceive Example: feint
There are some words do not follow the rules mention. Here are a few of them. after c
e before i
ancient
neither
science
seize
efficient
either
species NATION WORKBOOK
22
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Use ei or ie to complete the following. 1. ach____ve
2. y___ld
3. f____rce
5. gr____f
6. bel___ve
9.
10. rec___ve
rel___f
4.
s_____ge
7. l__sure
8.
for___gn
11. c___ling
12.
h____r
ei or ie is missing from a word in each sentence. In the bracket provided, write the complete word which correctly
completes each sentence.
1. The misch_____vous lad threw stones at the dog. 2. Three dollars is insuffic___nt for the day.
(
3. He took a bright red handkerch____f from his pocket. 4.
Her consc____nce bothered her after she had taken the money.
5. The building site was bes_____ged with problems.
6. P_____rce the balloon quickly! 7. Practising dec_____t should never be part of your character.
8. Can you guess the h____ght of that statue? 9. The cash____r took the money from the old man.
10. She gave him a rec____pt. 11. Th____r intention is to win the championship this year.
NATION WORKBOOK
(
23
) )
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
MATHEMATICS
PRIME FACTORS Prime factors are prime numbers which are factors of a given number. For example:
The factors of 10 = 1, 2, 5, 10. Of these 2 and 5 are prime numbers. 2 and 5 are therefore prime factors of 10.
Finding The Prime Factors Of A Number
Two methods used to find the prime factors of a number are ( i) by listing For example What are the prime factors of 36? Step 1: list the factors Step 2: choose all the prime numbers
Factors of 36 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36
(2 and 3 are the prime numbers in the list)
Prime factors of 36 = 2, 3
(ii) by factorisation Step 1:
divide using prime numbers that are factors of 36
Step 2:
continue the division until a quotient of 1 is reached
Step 3:
each divisor used is a prime factor of the dividend
NATION WORKBOOK
24
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Find the prime factors of the following: i)
25
ii) 28
iv)
40
v) 50
iii) 15
FINDING THE HIGHEST COMMON FACTOR (HCF) – (contd) b) by Prime Factorisation
We can also find the H.C.F of numbers by prime factorization.
Example: Find the HCF of 36 and 48
Steps to be followed for the method are:
2 2 3 3
Using the prime factor method, find the H.C.F. of: (i)
12, 16 and 28
(iii) 40, 60 and 80 (v)
(ii)
24 and 60
(iv)
48, 84 and 88
15 and 18
EXPRESSING A NUMBER AS A PRODUCT OF ITS PRIME FACTORS A number can also be expressed as a product of its prime factors. Example 1:
Express 60 as a product of its prime factors.
NATION WORKBOOK
25
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
The factor tree may also be used to express a number as a product of its prime factors. In the factor tree method, list the factors of a number, then the factors of those numbers, and so on, until there are no other factors. The last are all the prime factors of the original number. You can start with any two factors of the number.
a) Make factor trees for a) 72
(start with 24 x 3)
b) 108 (start with 54 x 2 )
c) 80
NATION WORKBOOK
d) 45
26
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Write each of these numbers as a product of its prime factors. 1)
24 =
2)
18 =
3)
36 =
4)
26 =
5)
75 =
6)
60 =
What number is represented by each of the prime factorizations? 1)
3 x 3 x 3 =
2)
2 x 2x2 x3x5=
4)
3 x3 x2x2
5)
3x3x5
=
3)
5x 3x2
=
=
TYPES OF NUMBERS (cont’d) SQUARE NUMBERS
When a number is multiplied by itself, the answer is a ‘square number’. Each square number can be represented as a square of dots.
Example 1:
Find the square of 12. 12
NATION WORKBOOK
x
Example 2:
12 = 144
What is the value of 82 ? 8
27
x
8 = 64 THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
EXERCISE: 1. Complete this table:
2. Find the square of a.
_________________________
3. Circle ALL the square numbers in the box.
4. Write each number in the correct position on the diagram 9
12
21
36
40
5. Draw lines to watch the equivalent amounts:
NATION WORKBOOK
28
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
6. Square the number 13. __________________________ 7. Gareth chooses a square number. He rounds it to the nearest ten. His answer is 80. What number did he choose?
___________
8. Biscuits are arranged in a tin so that there are 7 along each side. a) How many biscuits are on the bottom layer of the tin?
__________
b) If there are 4 layers of biscuits packaged, how many biscuits are there in all?
__________
9. Complete the number sentences by filling in the missing numbers. a) 22
+
c) 52
____2
- _____2
= 29 = 9
b)______2 + 32 = 18 d) _____2
x 42 = 16
AVERAGES (cont’d) 1. Finding The Average Given The Total Example:
The total number of sweets in 5 bags is 100. What is the average number of sweets in the bags?
Solution:
(Note that the total has been given, so there is no need to work this out.) Total number of sweets
= 100
Number of bags
= 5
Average number of sweets in bags
= 100 ÷ 5 = 20 sweets
2. Finding The Total Given The Average Example:
Solution:
The average attendance for Class 4 in a school week was 31. What was the total attendance for the week? Average attendance for the week
= 31
Number of days in the school week
=5
Therefore total attendance for the week
= 31 x 5 = 155
NATION WORKBOOK
29
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
3.
Finding A Missing Quantity Given The Average And The Other Quantities. Example: 72 books
44 books
36 books
? books
50 books
The average number of 60 books is packed in the boxes above. How many books are in the largest box?
Solution:
Step 1
Find the total number of books in the five boxes, since the average is known.
Step 2
Find the total number of books given.
Step 3
Subtract the total number of books in the 4 boxes from the total number in 5.
Average number of books in five boxes
= 60
Total number of books in five boxes
= 60 x 5
= 300 books
Total number in four boxes Therefore number of books in largest box
= (72 + 44 + 36 + 50) books
= 202 books = (300 –202) books = 98 books
Exercise 1.
The average attendance at Summer Camp was 125 campers per week. If camp was held from Monday to Friday, what was the total number of campers for the week?
_______________
2. Which is more, the average of the 4 even natural numbers from 6 to 13 or the average on the 4 odd natural numbers from 6 to 13? NATION WORKBOOK
_______________ 30
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
3.
The average weight of 10 girls is 55kg. What is their total weight?
_______________
4.
Sari bought 4 toys. The prices of the first 3 toys were $30, $15 and $18. The average p rice she paid for the 4 toys was $25. How much did he pay for the 4th toy?
_______________
The average of 3 numbers is 80 and the average of 2 other
5.
numbers is 50. What is the average of all the numbers? 6.
_______________
The average of 6 numbers is 40. When one
number was removed the average is 35. What number is removed? 7.
________________
The average of 6 numbers is 32. If 5 of
the numbers are 30, 46, 21, 32 and 36,
what is the sixth number?
________________
_________________
_________________
8. A class of 25 students took a science test.
10 students had an average score of 80.
The other students had an average score of 60.
What is the average score of the 25 children? 9.
The average weight of six cases is 58kg. A crate weighing 46kg is taken out and replaced by one weighing 64kg. What is the new average of the crates?
NATION WORKBOOK
31
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2021.
Class 1, 2, 3 & 4 Class one Language Arts Comprehension 1. Fill in each blank space with suitable words from the story. (a) A Saturday (b) An old gentleman (c) Did not know Circle the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. 2. (B) Lost his wallet on the beach 3. (D) an old man 4. (B) Honest Hannah 5. (A) an expert swimmer responsible for keeping people safe in and around water. Answer the following questions in complete sentences 6. I think the old man felt happy. 7. The man’s identification card might be in the wallet. Grammar Write the plural of these nouns. 1. Cooks 2. Classes 4. Lamps 5. Bunches 7. Buzzes 8. Kisses 10. Desks
3. Boxes 6. Matches 9. Kites
Write the nouns plural of the noun in the brackets in the space. 1. Cups, dishes 2. Foxes, bees 3. Oranges, peaches 4. Branches, trees 5. Eyes, wishes 6. Pages, books 7. Paints, brushes 8. Hums, buzzes Now add -or, -er, -or,-ar to the word on the left to form a noun. Spell correctly 1. Swimmer 2. Fighter 3. Packer 4. Driver 5. Planner 6. Cleaner 7. Kidnapper 8. Visitor 9. Beggar 10. Sweeper Class One Mathematics Now try subtracting these: 65 52 33 12 24 10 85 65 21 53 44 63 Without doing any working write the answer for each of the following: 1) 10 2) 27 3) 64 4) 20 5) 0 6) 13 Circle in pairs to divide by two. The write if the number is odd or even. The first one has been done for you. B. Odd C. Odd D. Even E. Even F. Even G. Odd H. Odd Circle the word below each number to show whether the number is odd or even. 7 – Odd 26 – Even 41 – Odd 54 – Even 12 – Even 39 – Odd 23 – Odd 45 –Odd 18 – Even Write even or odd in the box 1. Even 2. Odd 3. Odd 4. Even Write True or False beside each statement. 1. True 2. True 3. False 4.True 5. False Class Two Language Arts
1.There are four chapters in this book. 2.I should turn to page 42 to learn about sculptures. 3.The sculptures are made of clay. 4.I should turn to page 66 to know more about the author. 5.Three types of paper crafts are featured in the book. 6.The subject written about on page 58 is Paper Airplanes. 7. Information on finger painting ends on page twenty-two. (22) 8.Fourteen (14) pages contain informat6ion on sewing. 9.Faye read two (2) pages with information on Dolls. 10.The title of the book is Art Projects. Write the nouns in each sentence under the following headings. 1. Masculine – boy, Common – orphans, Neuter – home 2. Feminine – tigress, Common – cubs 3.Masculine – man, Feminine – Cows, Neuter – fair 4.Masculine – Prince, Neuter – rose, garden 5. Masculine – man, Feminine – daughter 6. Masculine –Nephew, Feminine – aunt 7. Masculine – buck, Feminine – girl, doe 9.Common – electrician, Neuter – refrigerator Making nouns plural 1. Ax – axes 3.Bush – Bushes 5.Lady – Ladies 7.Activity – Activities 9.Trolley – Trolleys 11.Puzzle – Puzzles
2.Country – Countries 4.Loaf – Loaves 6.Dish – Dishes 8.Dress – Dresses 10.Cross – Crosses 12.Shelf – Shelves
Fill in each space with the plural of the word in the brackets. 1. Pupils, teachers 2. Knives, coconuts 3. Monkeys 4. Factories, years 5. Diaries 6. Ceremonies 7. Boxes, benches 8. Wolves, calves, fields 9. Dwarfs, circuses 10. Turkeys, churches Class Two – Mathematics Calculate the answers to the following: 1. 226 2. 229 3. 254 4. 105 5. 648 6. 207 Calculate the answers to the following worded questions. 1. 413 2. 9 3. 419 4. 118 words 5. 116 more 6. 225 flying fish Exercise 1. 21, 93, 449, 59, 245, 6325, 2017 2. 66, 104, 530, 892, 600, 9138 3. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5. 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 68 6. 217 219 221 223 225 7. 374 908 3102 Use the number in the box below to answer Questions 8 to 12 8. 411 348 281 150 57 19 9.150 10.411 11.768 12.329 Class Three & Four Comprehension The following questions are about the passage which you have just read. Write the answers in the spaces provided. 1. Obesity is identified as a social problem. 2. The use of technology is helping to cause obesity because persons using it become less active. 3. Foods with a high fat content, sugary sodas or drinks, salty preserved snacks and other junk foods cause of obesity. 4. The technology used for bringing knowledge
closer to students is the internet. 5. In line 2 the word erase means get rid of or remove. 6. The word exceeds may be replaced by surpasses. 7. Obesity occurs when the energy from food which one eats is more than the energy which one uses up over a period of time. 8. The word field is used as an adjective. Write each of the following to show ownership 1. The truck’s tyres 2. The turkey’s feathers 3. The oxen’s legs 4. Miss Jones’ car 5. The Governor-General’s aide Complete the following by inserting the correct possession form of the noun in brackets. 1. Donkey’s` 2. Sisters’ 3. Grass’ 4. Sheep’s 5. James’ 6. Passer-by’s 7. Daughter-in-law’s 8. Firemen’s 9. Brother’s 10. Thieves’ Insert the apostrophe where it is needed a) A month’s delay b) Three pairs of gloves c) A competitor’s prize d) The sound of trumpets e) A child’s toy f) Two cars collided g) Julius’ keys Contact the following 1. Don’t 2. She’s 4. I’d 5. They’d 7. I’m 8. It’s 10. Let’s
3. They’ll 6. Isn’t 9. Can’t
Put in the apostrophes where they are needed 1.I can’t wait to see what Paris’ father will give her for Christmas. 2.The word committee has two m’s, two t’s and two e’s. 3.The babies’ cries were heard in the nurses’ dormitory. 4.Those bags of mangoes were divided in heaps of 4’s and 5’s. 5.This visitor says that he doesn’t know the way to the soldiers’ quarters. 6.T’dad, B’dos and J’ca are member countries of CARICOM. 7.Bridgetown is Barbados’ chief town. 8.They say that it’s theirs but that’s not Shirley’s opinion. Exercise Underline the verb in each sentence. Write whether it is an action, auxiliary or a linking verb. 1.The children became bored at the concert. (Linking) 2.We estimate the crowd to be excess of six thousand. (action) 3.The smell of the rose overpowered all the other fragrances. (action) 4.After the Breast Cancer walk, we were exhausted. (Linking) 5.They have not cleaned their rooms. (auxiliary, main verb) 6.To where were the chairs taken? (auxiliary, main verb) 7.His loan for a new car has been approved. (auxiliary, main verb) 8.The attentive child stayed focused on all of the teacher’s words. (action) 9.The coconuts must have been picked by a vendor. (auxiliary, main verb) 10.Some citizens of Barbados appear unmoved by the present situation. (Linking) 11.The nurses always sanitize the entire area. (Action) 12. Rhiana’s new fragrance is quite exotic. (Linking) Word study
Complete the following sentences using verbs which begin with ‘ex’ 1.Exited 2.Extinguish 3. Exhibits 4. Expelled 5. Expand 6. Expose The answers to the following begin with a silent ‘w’. 1. wreath 2. wrath 3. wriggle 4. wrestle 5.wrist Can you write a word similar in meaning to each of the following? 1. Hungry 2.Danger 3.Decrease 4.Colour 5. Scent 6. Obstruct 7. Experience 8. Idle, slothful 9.Feed 10. Eatable 11. Destroy 12. Motionless, still 13. Eat 14. Asleep Replace each word in bold type using one similar in meaning. 1. The eminent doctor helped to find vaccine for Covid-19. (distinguished) 2.I was exhausted after four hours of gardening. (tired) 3. Persons positive for Covid-19 must isolate from the general community. (separate/quarantine) 4.That does of medication would prove to be lethal. (deadly) 5. In Barbados smoking is prohibited in some public places. (forbidden) 6. My unkind aunt gave me a rather meagre meal. (inadequate) 7. On our trip we encountered many hardships. (experienced) 8. After four days in hospital I was sent to recuperate at home. (recover) 9. It is vital to study hard to succeed in examinations. (necessary, essential) 10. The story which he told was rather vague. (unclean, indistinct) Class Three & Four – Mathematics Exercise 1. a) dividend b) diviser c) quotient d) remainder 2. d) 249 3. d)7 4. c) 8 5.a) 4 Exercise 1.201 2. 81 3. 85 4. 161 5. 42 6. 3 more bottles 7. 9th box 8. 210 R2 9. 125 10. 62 11. 126 R4 Exercise 1. 26 times 3. 28 groups Exercise 1. 4 2. 9 5. 6 6. 3 9. 4 10. 3 Types of Exercise 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
2. 21 R4 4. 94 5. 19 3. 7 7. 7
4. 5 8. 5
numbers (cont’d) 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18 3, 17, 19 4, 8, 6, 24, 3, 1, 12 ,2 54, 66, 72, 78 1, 3, 9, 27 70, 75, 80, 85 1, 3,5, 7, 11, 13, 17 25, 60, 8, 40, 100 F, M, F, F, M, F, F, M 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36
Averages Exercise 1. 9 2. 37 3. 22 4. 115kg 5. 57, 58, 59 6. 185 kits 7. 11
Printed and published by THE NATION PUBLISHING CO. LIMITED, Nation House, Fontabelle, St Michael BB11000, Barbados. Telephone (246) 430-5400