The Complete Guide to Borneo Holidays

RIGHT PLACE, RIGHT TIME THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO BORNEO

Indigenous tribes, playful primates and ancient emerald rainforests: the biodiverse island of Borneo is a veritable treasure trove of resource-rich natural attractions. From the world’s oldest rainforest to craggy mountains, swamps, and valleys where wide rivers wind lazily toward the crystal waters of the South China Sea, these magical settings combine with Borneo’s tropical animals and laidback beach retreats to make the island a must on any wildlife-lover’s list.

At first glance, when scanning the internet or looking through websites, it is often difficult to see the difference between what various operators are offering and the quality of the product. To sell Borneo well, you need to know it from the ground upwards; this unique destination is forever changing. Through our years of experience designing safaris and time spent on the ground, we are experts in putting you in the right place at the right time to witness the wildlife in its natural environment, be it orangutans in the misty rainforests or sea turtles in the turquoise waters. What’s more, we will only work with the best guides and most eco-conscious operators, and will always put the protection of the rainforest and its inhabitants above commerical interests.

Our Borneo holidays and lodges as seen in this guide have been selected by our experts to maximise your wildlife and natural world experience. We hope to see you out there.

Safe travels,

Will Bolsover

Founder & CEO Natural World Safaris will@naturalworldsafaris.com www.naturalworldsafaris.com

BORNEO With an area of 743,330 square kilometres, Borneo is the third-largest island on Earth.

The island is shared between three countries: Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei. We specialise in Malaysian Borneo, as we believe it offers the best wildlife experience.

KOTA KINABALU DERMAKOT FOREST RESERVE

BRUNEI GUNUNG MULU NATIONAL PARK

MALAYSIA

MALIAU BASIN CONSERVATION AREA

KINABALU NATIONAL PARK

KINABATANGAN RIVER TABIN WILDLIFE RESERVE DANUM VALLEY CONSERVATION AREA

Borneo has played a big role in the development of the

The traditional fishing village and port of Sandakan,

theory of evolution. Scientists have been busy finding and

protected lowland forest of Danum Valley and thriving

naming new species here since Alfred Wallace developed

wildlife hotspot of Kinabatangan River all deliver, while

his theories on natural selection in the 19th century. With

coral islands and dive resorts await offshore for all those

such a mix of habitats and climates, Borneo has the ideal

interested in the big blue. Travelleres hoping to get more

conditions for a huge variety of species to thrive throughout

off the beaten track can include the forest reserves of Tabin

its rainforests, swamps and mangroves.

and Deramakot in their itineraries, or perhaps the Maliau Basin, one of the most untouched wildernesses that yet

Occupying a large archipelago between the Indian and

remain in Borneo.

Pacific Oceans, Borneo is comprised of the Malaysian states of Sarawak and Sabah (northern Borneo), the

Borneo holidays are a firm favourite for wildlife enthusiasts.

country of Brunei (located roughly between Sarawak and

The island plays host to an enormous assortment of

Sabah) and the Indonesian region of Kalimantan (southern

uniquely endangered wildlife, such as the charming and

Borneo). Nowadays it is more of a geographical term

gentle orangutan, noisy proboscis monkey, diminutive

rather than political, yet it conjures in the imagination vast

pygmy elephant and elusive but stunningly beautiful

rainforests, extravagant nature and warm, friendly people

clouded leopard. Flora and fauna abound in this Eden-like

who are sure to extend a gracious welcome to anyone

sanctuary, with a staggering 15,000 species of flowering

travelling throughout the island.

plants and 3,000 species of tree, in addition to rare orchids, 12 species of rafflesia (the world’s largest flower)

The dramatic peak of Southeast Asia’s highest mountain,

and in excess of 600 bird species. All of this contributes

Mount Kinabalu (4,101 metres), rises above swirling cloud

to what is an incredibly diverse area and makes for the

to loom majestically over the Sabah region. Sabah and

ultimate Borneo holiday.

Sarawak are the most popular areas of Borneo to visit due

INDONESIA

to the ease of connection with the westernmost part of

When travelling the interior, be prepared for the

Malaysia, which lies on the Malay Peninsula. Starting from

unexpected. There may be times when the experienced

the bustle of Kota Kinabalu, the capital of Sabah, you can

boatmen will hold the journey for an hour or two for the

visit the popular Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre

roaring river to subside, while travellers may have to oblige

which is home to many of the orange-haired great apes

with the local customs and join in wedding celebrations

who have been found injured or orphaned in the forest.

or respect taboos following a death in the village. All

Close by is the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre,

these contribute to the unique experience of Borneo

which is also well worth a visit. Here you can watch rescue

and the magic she brings to any family, solo traveller or

bears be rehabilitated for an eventual return to the wild,

honeymooner on their journey through this tropical island

and find out how conservationists help to care for the

paradise.

world’s smallest bear species.

WHERE TO GO, WHEN JANUARY

M AY

SEPTEMBER

A visit to the state of Sabah, in Malaysian Borneo, is definitely

May is the start of Borneo’s peak season. If you’re set on

Borneo’s annual stretch of dry weather extends into

worth considering in January. It may not be peak season and

(mostly) dry weather, this is the time to visit! There are also

September, with sunny days interspersed here and there

there may be occasional storms bought on by the winds of

no school holidays at this time, which means you’ll avoid

with rain, as is often the case in Borneo. With such a great

the northeast monsoon, but with less people holidaying, you

the year’s highest rates. Walking and trekking in Sabah are

chance of fine days, this is the perfect time to head to Danum

can expect a much quieter time on safari. You will also be

excellent at this time of year, and though there can still be

Valley and the Kinabatangan River for wildlife watching, or the

able to benefit from lower rates for both accommodation and

rainfall at any time, it is less likely. The beaches are glorious in

sublime islands and beaches of northern Sabah. With lots of

travel. Rainfall levels are higher in January than they are in drier

May as well, with the coasts of Kota Kinabalu and Gaya Island

Europe still on holiday, September can be busy in Borneo, so if

months such as August, but the temperature will remain at a

being bathed in sunshine and sprinkled with white sands.

you are thinking of travelling at this time we suggest you book

relatively constant 27 °C for the duration of the month. Expect an average of 300mm of rain in Sabah and 680mm in Sarawak.

FEBRUARY

JUNE

yourself in early.

During June the trees are fruiting and brave orangutans are

OCTOBER

venturing closer to the forest floor to pick up these tasty treats

Visitor numbers fall in October as the peak season comes to

As we come into February, the weather improves, with drier

from where they’ve fallen. This is one of the best times to see

an end, which can mean a quieter safari for you whether you

weather working its way in. Crowds are still likely to be few

orangutans in the wild. Alongside this, winds from northern

are looking for wildlife, beach or both. The rain will start to

and far between, so if you’re hoping to have a less hectic

Australia bring hot and dry weather to most of Sabah, making it

increase as we leave the drier season, but there is still plenty

experience on your safari, travelling to Borneo at this time

an excellent time to head to the beaches of Sabah’s offshores

of sun to be enjoyed and your chances of fine weather are

could be a great option for you. Whilst the northeast monsoon

islands. Kota Kinabalu and its national park have higher rainfall

actually excellent. Weather is especially good at the start of

continues to blow, rainfall levels will be substantially lower than

than elsewhere at this time, but they can still be visited.

the month.

in previous months. Expect an average of 150mm along with a pleasant temperature of 28 °C.

MARCH

J U LY

NOVEMBER

This is the main holiday season for Borneo, with schools

Rainfall and thunderstorms increase as we move further

around much of Europe on holiday. The weather is

into the wet season in Borneo. With the rains come lusher

March is an excellent time to travel to Borneo, especially

traditionally dry at this time throughout Sabah, and any rain

rainforests and higher water levels, providing outstanding

Sabah, with decreased rainfall and still relatively low visitor

you do get will usually be heavy, but over and done with

jungle scenery full of happy wildlife.

numbers. Traditionally March is one of Sabah’s driest months,

quickly. The sunshine in Sarawak is at its peak in July, with

which makes it excellent for visits to the northern beaches of

less rainfall than previous months, although there will, as

DECEMBER

Gaya Island and Kota Kinabalu. Due to the crowds still being

always, be occasional storms. With temperatures ranging

Sabah experiences less rain in December than in November,

minimal, it can be easier than usual to stay in some of the most

between 28-30 °C across both Malaysian states, it is lovely

but there will be a higher chance of thunderstorms. Dry spells

popular hotels and lodges, so you will generally have a wide

and hot at this time of year, so the beaches are perfect for

are likely in the southern parts of the state, but bear in mind

choice of accommodation to choose from.

swimming and diving. Having such amazing weather and

this is not the best time to explore everything Borneo has to

wildlife opportunities does mean that you will need to book

offer. Sarawak will have higher rainfall, which will lower visitor

well in advance if this is when you are planning to travel.

numbers, but travel is not easy at this time and we do not

APRIL April is a shoulder month, marking a transitional time between two monsoons. With rainstorms less likely, April is perfect

AUGUST

for beach sunbathing and forest trekking. Sabah will be hot,

As with July, booking early is essential to getting your perfect

about 29 °C, but bear in mind that this will be a drier heat

Borneo safari in August. With children still at large from the

than in previous months due to the decreased rainfall. As a

holidays in Europe, it can get quite busy. Weather in Sabah is

result, bolting a bit of beach time onto your wildlife adventure

typically Bornean, with bright sunshine, 28 °C temperatures

can be a great choice for those travelling in April. Conditions

on average and some rainy days mixed in. Orangutans are still

are also great for trekking at this time of year, but make sure

coming down lower to the ground to fetch fruit, so this is a

you’re always prepared for rain. After all, you’re going to be in

great time for wildlife-watching and trekking. With lots of sunny

a tropical climate, so rain can appear at any time – sometimes

days to be had, we suggest Gaya Island and the beaches of

with little or no introduction!

Kota Kinabalu for some relaxation. Baby turtles are likely to

recommend a December visit.

be hatching now too, making this one of the prime times for a combined wildlife and beach safari. ©Stella Diamant

Wildlife in

Borneo Borneo is an area of unrivalled biodiversity, where perpetually humid and steamy rainforests that straddle the equator are filled with fascinating flora and fauna. Our local experts demonstrate genuine commitment to sharing the diverse natural and cultural history of their beautiful corner of the world and its wild inhabitants, making it one of the world’s most rewarding and educating destinations. Meanwhile, the wildlife sanctuaries of Sepilok are renowned for their conservation and rehabilitation work.

T H E O R A N G U TA N EXPERIENCE

B O R N E A N O R A N G U TA N Pongo pygmaeus

40 YEARS

As the jungle awakens with the calls and chatter of wild animals, you catch a glimpse of bright orange hair through the emerald-green rainforest, covering lithe and dextrous limbs and a pensive face which lives up to the name “man of the forest”.

AVERAGE LIFESPAN

There are just three orangutan species left in the wild: the

with just the person. Your expert guide leads you in the right

Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli. This “man of the forest” is the

direction, and before you know it, you are looking straight up at

70,000 - 100,000

largest arboreal mammal and the only great ape in existence in

one of these chrismatic apes. At home in the treetops, they are

Asia. With grasping hands and feet as well as long arms that

comfortable sitting above you, feeding on fruit. They are often

may reach two metres in length, the orangutan swings slowly

just as curious about you as you are about them.

through the tree canopy of Borneo. When night approaches they make nests of vegetation in which to sleep.

Spotting orangutans in the wild can be hard work, but it is always worth it to see them in their natural habitat. We also give

Male orangutans are evident by their their cheek pads, throat

clients the opportunity to visit the Sepilok Rehabilitation Centre,

pouch and large size – they can weigh up to 90kg, compared

where injured and orphaned orangutans are nursed back

to 50kg for females. Generally antisocial in nature, they do not

to health so they can be reintroduced into the wild. Seeing

tend to form groups. Adult males and subadults of both sexes

orangutans here may not match the thrill of spotting them in

are mostly solitary, while adult females are often seen with one or

the wild, and we wouldn’t suggest it as an alternative, but the

two juveniles. They are not territorial animals, but adult males are

opportunity to see them in close proximity is not to be missed.

usually quite hostile towards one another.

Visiting the Centre will contribute to this vital conservation project and complement your encounters with wild orangutans.

Bornean and Sumatran orangutans are very similar, but there are some differences. Sumatran orangutans have a closer

Borneo is an untamed and exciting island, full of surprises and

social network than those in Borneo, sometimes gathering

wonderful experiences for people of all ages. Here you can trek

together to feed. The Sumatran species is also a little thinner,

jungles, relax on beaches, dive in turquoise oceans and travel

with longer faces and longer, paler hair on their bodies. The

down wildlife-rich rivers. Big safari vehicles are unnecessary,

Tapanuli orangutan, discovered in 2017, has thicker, curlier hair

as you can explore on foot, by bike or by boat, experiencing

than the other two species of orangutan, with males identified

intimate wildlife encounters like no other.

by their noticeably flatter cheek pads. Their “long call” – used to communicate with other orangutans when it is time to mate - is

If you are looking for extreme luxury throughout your journey,

also noticeably distinct, as is their diet.

Borneo may not be the destination for you. However, for those

WHAT TO EXPECT ON SAFARI

of you seeking accommodation that blends rainforest style, traditional features and great proximity to wildlife, look no

Starting early in the day, you set out into the jungle before the

further. In Borneo, we hand-pick lodges that have been built to

mist has risen. Trudging through wet soil, peeling back the bright

complement their surroundings, carefully choosing the locations

green vegetation as you go, you venture into the wild to search

that provide the best access to wildlife. We have some lovely

for orangutans. At this time in the morning, these incredibly

beach-based options too, allowing you to end your safari on

human-like creatures are setting out in search of breakfast,

the powder-white sands of Sabah.

occasionally daring to come down to the forest floor to pick up fallen fruit. You may hear the odd hoot or call, but not the

We have used the same guides in Borneo for years, simply

overwhelming chatter experienced when tracking chimpanzees.

because they are the best at what they do. They have expert local knowledge which they will share with you, teaching you all

It takes expertise and patience to find these mesmerising and

about your surroundings, from the topography and wildlife to

peaceful animals in their natural habitat, but luckily you are

the local peoples and cultures.

E S T I M AT E D P O P U L AT I O N

STATUS C R I T I C A L LY E N D A N G E R E D

BORNEAN SUN BEAR

THE SUN BEAR EXPERIENCE

Helarctos malayanus euryspilus

25 YEARS AVERAGE LIFESPAN

UNKNOWN

The smallest and most arboreal of all bear species, the sun bear is difficult to study in the wild and is threatened by deforestation and the illegal wildlife trade. A visit to the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre is highly recommended as part of your safari.

Sun bears get their name from the pale crescent-shaped patch

is thought to have declined by more than 30% over the

of fur on their chest, which is said to resemble the rising sun.

past three bear generations. The large-scale deforestation

They are also sometimes known as honey bears due to their

threatening tropical rainforests throughout Southeast Asia is a

STATUS

predilection for raiding beehives. Some call them “dog bears”,

big driver of this loss. Humans also deliberately hunt sun bears

and it’s true that their stocky build, small ears and short muzzle

and sometimes raise them in farms to meet demand from

VULNERABLE

make them certainly the most dog-like of all bear species. Still

consumers. Some want them as live pets while practitioners

another moniker comes from the Malay language, basindo nan

of traditional Asian medicine seek bear parts, especially bile

tenggil, which means “he who likes to sit high”. The sun bear’s

and gall bladders, which are sold raw or in the form of flakes,

climbing ability really is something to be admired – with its strong

powders and pills. Bear bile – which is extracted directly from

limbs, long sickle-shaped claws, and hairless soles designed for

the gall bladder in often horrific conditions – is even used now

gripping bark, it can easily ascend to the treetops, where it rests

in commercial products like toothpaste and shampoo. Though

and searches for food. Reaching about 5 feet in length and up

outlawed in countries like South Korea and Vietnam, bear bile

to 80kg in length, they are light enough to be much more suited

farming is still legal in China.

E S T I M AT E D P O P U L AT I O N

to life in the trees than other bears. Their eyes are also more forward-facing than those of most other bears, an adaptation

WHAT TO EXPECT ON SAFARI

which is thought to improve claw-eye coordination and thus aid

Sun bears occur at low densities and can be difficult to spot in

in climbing.

the wild, but by visiting the biodiversity hotspot of Danum Valley you can get the chance to look for these fascinating animals

Though their teeth and claws are substantial, sun bears are

both on the ground and in the trees. They are largely nocturnal,

generally shy in nature and will not pose any danger to humans if

so if you have your heart set on spotting one, join your guide

not provoked. In addition to honey (as well as beehives and the

as night falls and venture into the rainforest with torch in hand.

bees themselves), the sun bear’s diet is made up mainly of fruit,

Sun bears can also sometimes be spotted at the Maliau Basin

insects and insect larvae. They have very long tongues which

Study Centre – the bears possess a sense of smell more than a

they use to extract their food from difficult-to-reach locations

thousand times stronger than ours, so when they get a whiff of

like the insides of trees and termite nests. The loose skin around

some home cooking, they often come to investigate!

their neck is believed to be a defensive adaptation – if a predator latches on, the skin allows the bear to spin its head round and

Guaranteed sun bear sightings can be had at the Bornean

bite its attacker. In Borneo, an island never populated by tigers

Sun Bear Conservation Centre, located adjacent to the Sepilok

or leopards, adult sun bears have almost no natural predators.

Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre in Sandakan. Here ex-captive

Clouded leopards are too small to attempt an attack, but

bears are raised and cared for in safe conditions that will prepare

crocodiles could potentially snatch a bear who wanders too

them for an eventual return to the wild. Though the bears are

close to a riverbank. Reticulated pythons have also been known

unable to roam through the nearby Kabili-Sepilok Forest Reserve

to have consumed sun bears.

for their own safety, it is a joy to see them revelling in their natural habitat after having endured the terrors of their past.

Although distributed across a wide range including Borneo, Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula and mainland Southeast Asia, sun bears are still poorly studied. Their elusiveness in the wild makes population estimates difficult, but the overall population

THE PROBOSCIS MONKEY EXPERIENCE Proud owner of one of the most distinctive noses in the animal kingdom, the proboscis monkey is endemic to Borneo. Often found in family groups, their boisterous antics make for great sightings on safari.

Though the proboscis monkey may not be the most aesthetically

The main threat facing proboscis monkey populations is habitat

pleasing primate in the world, the male of the species actually

loss. The clearing of forests for plantations, human settlement

uses his oversized schnoz to attract potential mates. Females

and logging purposes threatens proboscis monkeys in just the

have a much smaller and slightly upturned snout, which doesn’t

same way as it does for many other forest species, fragmenting

play a role in courtship. It is thought that the male’s protuberance

their habitat and reducing their available food sources. But the

is used as an echo chamber, amplifying calls which can both

proboscis monkey’s preference for mangroves and riparian

impress females and intimidate rival males. Another interesting

forests means the species is threatened also by aquaculture,

quirk of the proboscis monkey, this one shared by both sexes, is

such as shrimp farms, and the conversion of these precious

partially webbed feet. This adaptation puts them on the podium

habitats for agricultural land. Proboscis monkey numbers have

as one of the best swimmers in the primate family. They have

fallen drastically over the last few decades. If we are to save the

been documented swimming for up to 20 metres underwater

species and slow this worrying decline, halting habitat loss and

and often launch themselves from fantastic heights, falling with

increasing connectivity between different forest areas is crucial.

limbs akimbo then drawing their arms and legs inward before they hit the water’s surface.

WHAT TO EXPECT ON SAFARI

Proboscis monkeys dwell in mangrove forests, lowland forests

An excellent way to spot proboscis monkeys is to take a boat

and mixed dipterocarp-kerangas forests, close to rivers and

journey along the Kinabatangan River. Riverside lodges are often

freshwater sources. This explains their aquatic tendencies, as

accessed by water, offering further opportunities to watch for

the monkeys are sometimes forced to make the journey across

wildlife as you travel between them. You can scan the treetops

rivers in order to find food. They are among Asia’s largest

for foraging groups as well as the occasional solitary monkey, but

monkeys, with males reaching a weight of 22kg and a head-to-

make sure to familiarise yourself with the male’s resonating call

body length of 2.5 ft. Females only attain about half that size.

as well – you may be able to spot him before your guide does!

Though clouded leopards are occasional predators, usually

The call resembles a kind of goose-like honking, which is quite

taking infant and juvenile monkeys, it is during river crossings

impressive when heard in person.

that Nasalis larvatus faces its true nemesis. Crocodiles are lured by the great splashes that accompany the monkeys’ dives

Group sizes can vary from as few as 3 individuals to as many

into the water, resulting in a life-or-death race to the other side.

as 26. There is usually just a single adult male in each group,

Pythons, eagles and monitor lizards have also been known to

along with several females, juveniles and infants. Proboscis

take vulnerable monkeys.

monkeys are usually seen close to waterways in the afternoon and evening, as they disperse into the forest in the morning

Distinctive nose aside, the most recognisable feature of the

to search for food. If you’re lucky, you may get to witness two

proboscis monkey is its huge pot belly, which contributes to

males vying for dominance. The honks, roars and snarls that

its comical appearance. Feeding mainly on a diet of leaves,

rivals will emit are different to those heard in other situations.

seeds and unripe fruits, these monkeys have evolved complex

Threatening displays include baring their teeth and shaking

chambered stomachs that helps them to digest their food, not

branches as they leap from tree to tree.

unlike cows. They even regurgitate their food and swallow it back down afterwards, digesting it for a second time to help with this process. A host of symbiotic bacteria live within the monkeys’ stomachs, aiding further with digestion.

PROBOSCIS MONKEY Nasalis larvatus

20 YEARS AVERAGE LIFESPAN

7 ,000 - 20,000 E S T I M AT E D P O P U L AT I O N

STATUS ENDANGERED

BORNEO PYGMY ELEPHANT

Elephas maximus borneensis

65 YEARS AVERAGE LIFESPAN

1,500

THE PYGMY ELEPHANT EXPERIENCE The smallest and most secretive of all elephants, the Borneo pygmy elephant is a forest-dwelling subspecies of the Asian elephant. They are said to have a gentle nature and can sometimes be found bathing in rivers. Seeing one is a real treat.

Generally measuring between 5 and 8 ft in height, Borneo’s

This collaboration is also producing sustainable solutions to crop

elephants are on average about 25% smaller than other Asian

damage, including aligning electric fences to only protect young

elephants. Their diminutive size is matched by the lower

crops, which allows elephants to access riparian reserves and

STATUS

aggression that these pachyderms exhibit towards their own

areas of high conservation value without their movement through

kind and other species. Due to their distinctive temperament,

forests being hampered.

ENDANGERED

it was once thought that all of Borneo’s elephants could be

E S T I M AT E D P O P U L AT I O N

traced back to a domesticated herd given to the Sultan of Sulu in the 17th century. However, studies have since shown that

WHAT TO EXPECT ON SAFARI

the population is genetically distinct, having been isolated from

Boat journeys along the Kinabatangan River are one of the best

other Asian elephants about 300,000 years ago.

ways to spot wildlife in Borneo, and elephants can certainly make an appearance in amongst the various birds, monkeys and

They are baby-faced creatures with oversized ears, plump

aquatic creatures that call the Kinabatangan home. Small herds

bellies and tails so long they sometimes drag on the ground as

and solitary males come to the river to drink, bathe, and cool

they walk. Not all males have tusks, but those that do tend to

off from the heat. Mothers can sometimes be seen helping their

have straighter tusks than usual. Although small in relation to

calves to climb the muddy riverbanks.

other elephants, this subspecies can still lay claim to being the largest land mammal in Borneo by some margin, weighing in

The rivers and lowland dipterocarp forests of Danum Valley also

at around 2,500kg. There are thought to be fewer than 1,500

offer the chance of elephant sightings. This important sanctuary

elephants left in Borneo, with the entire population confined to

offers 430km2 of pristine habitat through which the elephants can

the northeast of the island in the Malaysian state of Sabah and

roam freely. They can even be spotted along the access roads

the Indonesian province of North Kalimantan.

in the reserve, so if you’re lucky, you may get a sighting before your safari here even begins! Naturalist guides in Danum Valley

As large animals, pygmy elephants require large areas of

will take you along forest trails, where elephants can be glimpsed

forest through which to roam, eating up to 150kg of grasses,

through the trees.

bamboo, palms and fruits per day. As a result, habitat loss is perhaps more of a danger to elephants than other endangered

Tabin Wildlife Reserve is another good choice. Three times

species in Borneo. Though they can be found in protected

the size of Danum Valley, this reserve is made up of a mix of

areas like Danum Valley, Deramakot Forest Reserve and Tabin

secondary and primary forest which is prime elephant habitat.

Wildlife Reserve, many elephants live in unprotected forests

Elephants can be seen moving close to trails on both day and

that are threatened by human encroachment. Human-wildlife

night game drives. Tabin also offers a unique location where lots

conflict can also occur, as shrinking habitat forces elephants

of large mammals can be seen, including elephants, bearded

into croplands where farmers may take violent actions to

pigs and banteng (Bornean wild cattle): the Tabin mud volcano!

protect their livelihood.

In this strange natural phenomenon, mineral-rich mud bubbles up from beneath the earth, attracting lots of wildlife.

Increasing connectivity between elephant habitat is vital if Borneo’s subspecies is to survive. Some oil palm plantations are now working with WWF Malaysia to create ecological corridors, a solution which helps wildlife without depriving people of the economic benefits which come from palm oil.

T H E C L O U D E D L E O PA R D EXPERIENCE Crocodiles lurk within Borneo’s many rivers, but on land, the largest predator you’ll encounter is a cat just over 6 ft from nose to tail. Little is known about the Sunda clouded leopard and sighting one of these secretive felines is a real rarity.

The Sunda clouded leopard has the rare distinction of being

Though none of the males came into contact with each other,

one of the few carnivorans discovered in the 21st century. Take

this tactic of sharing space is unusual among wild cats.

SUNDA CLOUDED LEOPARD

Neofelis diardi

15 YEARS AVERAGE LIFESPAN

10,000 E S T I M AT E D P O P U L AT I O N

“discovered” with a grain of salt, however: scientists were well aware of their existence, but prior to 2007, it was thought that

The clearance of forests for logging, human settlement,

the clouded leopards living in Borneo and Sumatra were the

plantations (mainly oil palm) and other agricultural purposes

same species as those living across a number of other ares in

severely threatens the Sunda clouded leopard’s existence. Due

Southeast Asia, all the way up to the Himalayan foothills. Studies

to their low population density, the fragmentation of the cats’

eventually showed that the clouded leopards of Borneo and

habitat could result in reduced genetic diversity, as individuals are

Sumatra were genetically distinct enough to be considered a

restricted to smaller and smaller ranges. As with many cats of

separate species. The term ‘Sunda’ refers to the Sunda Islands

this size, the illegal wildlife trade also poses a danger, with pelts

of the Malay Archipelago, though only Borneo and Sumatra are

and other body parts sought after for traditional Asian medicine.

home to clouded leopards.

WHAT TO EXPECT ON SAFARI

Clouded leopards generally weigh between 12 and 26kg. These

Clouded leopards are nocturnal and elusive creatures that

cats are named after the distinctive “clouds” on their coat, have

are rare to see on safari. Your best chance lies in a visit to the

an exceptionally long tail for balancing, can descend tree trunks

Deramakot Forest Reserve, thought by some to be the best

head-first, and even climb while hanging upside down under

place in all of Asia for clouded leopard sightings. If you’re

branches. This dexterity is thanks largely to their large paws and

hoping to see one for yourself, we recommend including night

specialised rotating ankles. Their climbing ability allows them to

walks as part of your safari itinerary. Deramakot is an excellent

prey upon Borneo’s many primate species, who fall victim to the

example of sustainable forest management, and as such, it has

clouded leopard’s canine teeth. These fearsome weapons are 2”

a well-maintained road running through it, with smaller tracks

long – the longest, in proportion to skull size, of any cat species.

branching off to the sides. This road is your highway to the

Also making appearances in the clouded leopard’s diet are birds,

clouded leopard, as it allows you to cover long distances in a

rodents, and occasionally larger prey like small deer and wild

single night, in a specially designed night safari vehicle, as your

boar. The ability to open your mouth 100 degrees is clearly an

guide keeps watch for any sign of your prize.

advantage for any predator!

There are plenty of other nocturnal creatures for you to spot Being relatively new to science, the Sunda clouded leopard is

during your night safari in Deramakot. These include palm

one of the least-known members of the felid family. However,

civets, slow lorises and flying squirrels, as well as other cat

as the largest terrestrial predator in Borneo, its importance to

species like the marbled cat and Sunda leopard cat. You may

the island’s ecosystems is undoubted. In the habitats where

also come across pygmy elephants, bearded pigs, binturongs

they are known to occur, studies have shown that they exist

(bearcats) and porcupines, to name just a few other species.

at low densities, with an average of one leopard per 100km .

Clouded leopards can of course be seen elsewhere, and are

The size of a leopard’s home range is estimated at 35-40km2.

in fact resident in many places throughout Borneo. Though

Interestingly, a study in the tropical peat swamp forest of

your chances of seeing one will be slimmer than in Deramakot,

Sebangau, in Central Kalimantan, showed that several males

Neofelis diardi is also resident in places like Danum Valley,

used the same range at the same time. None of them held a

Tabin Wildlife Reserve, Maliau Basin and the Kinabatangan

territory that was used exclusively by them and them alone.

area. Ensure your eyes are well honed during your night walks!

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STATUS VULNERABLE

RHINOCEROS HORNBILL

Buceros rhinoceros

35 YEARS AVERAGE LIFESPAN

UNKNOWN E S T I M AT E D P O P U L AT I O N

STATUS N E A R T H R E AT E N E D

THE RHINOCEROS HORNBILL EXPERIENCE Hornbills are Borneo’s most extravagantly adorned birds. Eight species can be found on the island, with the rhinoceros hornbill being the most well known. This particular species appears on some Malaysian currency and is the country’s national bird.

Hornbills are so called because of their fabulously shaped and

fruit, mud and faeces. A small opening is left through which the

often brightly coloured bills. The rhinoceros hornbill is thought

male will feed the female and the chicks. When the chicks are

by some to make for the most spectacular sighting, with its long

about three months old, the female will break through the wall of

downward-curving beak surmounted by an additional reddish-

paste and then reseal it with the aid of her mate, after which the

orange protuberance, known as a casque, that curls up towards

pair will care for the chicks together. Eventually, the chicks will

the sky. Both males and females develop the casques at the

be strong enough to break through the paste themselves and

onset of sexual maturity, but they grow larger in males. The

spread their wings for the first time.

exact use of the casques is still up for debate. It is argued that they serve as acoustic resonating chambers, helping to project the birds’ calls through the wilderness, but they may also serve

WHAT TO EXPECT ON SAFARI

simply as an indicator of sexual maturity, or to aid in the bill’s use

Rhinoceros hornbills can be found all across Borneo. Look

as a hammer.

for openings in the forest canopy, such as the mud volcano at Tabin Wildlife Reserve. Sightings are also likely when travelling

Casques are composed of keratin, the same material that

along the Kinabatangan River, as the birds can be seen perching

makes up rhino horn, pangolin scales and human fingernails.

on treetops or flying overhead. The rhinoceros hornbill is the

Most hornbill casques are spongy, but the helmeted hornbill

largest of Borneo’s eight hornbill species, with a wingspan of

has an almost solid casque which has made it the target of

5-6 ft. They are truly magnificent to watch in flight!

the illegal wildlife trade, with the material being sought after as a form of rare “ivory”. As a result, the helmeted hornbill is now

Outside of the breeding season, rhinoceros hornbills can

listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN. Unfortunately, the

be seen foraging in pairs or small flocks. Their diet is made

rhinoceros hornbill is sometimes also killed by poachers in cases

up mostly of fruit, especially figs, supplemented by the odd

of mistaken identity.

insect and small reptile, bird or rodent. Due to the strong bond needed in order to raise their chicks, courtship and chemistry

The rhinoceros hornbill’s casque takes around six years to

are essential for rhinoceros hornbill relationships. The pair build

fully develop. The bill and casque are naturally white – the

trust by vocalising to one another, chasing each other, and

fabulous colouration that you can see is in fact derived from

slapping their bills together. The male will also bring food to the

the secretions of the uropygial gland, a feature present in most

female, even outside of the breeding season.

birds that produces an oil used for preening feathers. Over time, the bird stains its bill and casque by rubbing them against the

Try to keep track of how many hornbill species you see on

gland. Because both males and females grow casques, it can

your Borneo safari. There are some places, like the Tabin

sometimes be difficult to distinguish between them. If you can,

Wildlife Reserve, inhabited by all eight. Prior to your trip,

get a good look at their eyes – males have brownish-red irises,

make sure to consult a good guidebook to familiarise yourself

while females have blueish-white ones.

with the wrinkled, helmeted, white-crowned, bushy-crested, wreathed, oriental pied, and Asian black hornbills. There are

All hornbills nest in hollow tree cavities, some of which have been

also excellent sources online, particularly at ebird.org, that

carved out by sun bears searching for food. Once she is ready

provide audio recordings for many of Borneo’s birds. Give

to lay her eggs, the female bird will enter the tree cavity and

them a listen and perhaps download them to an audio device

remain there for the next four to five months. Both she and her

to take with you during your trip. Strain those ears when out in

mate help to seal the entrance to the tree with a paste made of

the wild and you may be able to locate a few hornbills!

Parks and Attractions in

Borneo

Parks & Attractions in

The scenic beauty of Borneo’s attractions offers incredible exploration into the complex and colourful tapestry woven by nature and wildlife,

Borneo

across its rainforests, rivers, beaches and islands. Spotting the loveable orangutans of Borneo in the wild will be high on people’s wishlists, but a visit to Sepilok is a great accompaniment to this. The area of Bilit and the Kinabatangan River and their myriad habitats including river and rainforest are also a key highlight of the Sabah region. Other attractions include Kota Kinabalu and its offshore marine delights, the Tabin Wildlife Reserve (Malaysia’s largest) and the The scenic beauty of Borneo’s attractions offers incredible Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre. exploration into the complex and colourful tapestry woven by nature and wildlife, across its rainforests, beaches and islands.

Spotting the loveable orangutans of Borneo in the wild will be high on people’s wishlists, and Sepilok is the best place to experience this within its forest reserve. The area of Bilit and the Kinabatangan River and their myriad habitats including river and rainforest are also a key highlight of the Sabah region.

Other attractions include mountainous foothills and jungle areas of Mount Kinabalu and the glistening islands and marine paradises of Lankayan or Mataking beckon after some exciting inland explorations. Listed below you will find some of the best parks and attractions of the tropical island of Borneo that we incorporate in our Borneo holidays.

SEPILOK & SUN BEARS HIGHLIGHTS AND MAIN ATTRACTIONS

Located just 25 kilometres north of Sandakan, the Sepilok

Sepilok is located within the 10,000-acre Kabili-Sepilok Forest

Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre and Bornean Sun Bear

Reserve, where the orangutans live freely. Only if they are

Conservation Centre (BSBCC) provide vital care for animals

confident enough to leave the care of Sepilok will they venture

that would otherwise face dire consequences in the wild. The

away as independent orangutans. A visit here provides you

resident orangutans and sun bears may have been rescued

with the opportunity to see orangutans up close, before you

from captivity, orphaned through misfortune, or been found

travel further afield in search of wild orangutans later on in

injured in the wild. The main goal of both sanctuaries is to

your safari. In contrast, the sun bears at the BSBCC are kept

rehabilitate their animals for an eventual return to the wild, but they also focus on public education, conservation projects and research, making them important centres for wildlife and ecologists.

At Sepilok, you can pass along a boardwalk that will take you to a viewing gallery and feeding platform where the orangutans are fed milk and bananas twice daily by the

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in large forested enclosures for their own protection, providing them with a natural

Meeting the rescued animals is often cited as one of the highlights of our Borneo holidays.

rangers that work within the park. They are

environment that will aid in their eventual rehabilitation back into the wild.

Sun bears, Asiatic black bears and some other bear species are victims of the reprehensible bear bile trade. The bears are captured from the wild and raised in cages to extract bile from their gall bladders, which is then sold on to consumers in China,

deliberately fed bland foods in the hope that they will start

Vietnam, and other parts of Asia. Sun bears in Borneo are

to forage for themselves and become more independent,

also threatened with hunting, habitat loss and the exotic pet

preparing them for a release back into the wild. We would

trade. Established by conservationist Wong Siew Te in 2004,

advise that you visit at one of the feeding times suggested to

the BSBCC cares for rescued and ex-captive bears as well as

ensure that you get to see the orangutans during the height

committing to research, education and outreach programmes

of their daily activity. Also attracted by the food during feeding

at Borneans schools and plantations. Visitors can view the

hours, long-tailed macaques are known to frequent the

sun bears from raised walkways and learn all about the

centre’s grounds.

valuable work being done by the dedicated staff here.

TOP ACCOMMODATION: Sepilok Nature Resort is perfectly situated for visits to both rehabilitation centres.

WILDLIFE SPOTTING: Approximately 60-80 orangutans live at Sepilok while the BSBCC is home to around 40 sun bears.

TRAILBLAZERS: When Sepilok was founded in 1964, it was the first sanctuary in the world to offer rehabilitation to orphaned orangutans, preparing them for an eventual return to the wild.

CONSERVATION LEADERS: The BSBCC provides the largest forest enclosures of any sun bear centre or sanctuary.

VISITING: Sepilok and the BSBCC share the same entrance gate, so you can easily visit both in a single day.

B I L I T & K I N A BATA N G A N HIGHLIGHTS AND MAIN ATTRACTIONS

The area of Bilit and the Kinabatangan River, the longest in

to crested serpent eagles, rhinoceros hornbills and a variety

the Sabah region, offers a mosaic of different habitats. These

of other birdlife including the majestic kingfisher, making it a

provide a unique wildlife haven for an astounding variety of bird

paradise for ornithologists. In the river itself lies an array of

species and terrestrial animals. This is one of the best places to

aquatic creatures such as crocodiles, wild otters, and freshwater

see orangutans in the wild.

rays and sharks.

Plying gently through the swirling waters, your open-

The annual migration of Borneo’s pygmy elephants takes place

top riverboat journeys along the Kinabatangan will provide ample opportunities to spot some of the area’s best loved wildlife. Our specialist guides are fine-tuned to the activities of the various creatures that dwell along the riverbanks, so you’ll be sure to make some sightings while on the water.

Three of the most charismatic of primates resident in Borneo can be seen here: the loudly hooting Müeller’s

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in the drier months of the year, and Sukau Rainforest Lodge even has its

Exploring the river and its intriguing tributaries, mangroves and floodplains is one of the true highlights of any Borneo holiday, making for an unforgettable experience.

own covered boardwalk – the longest in Borneo – where elephants pass for the migration. We would recommend exploring the Kinabatangan River in the early evening, when the proboscis monkeys nest in the trees along the banks, their loud honks heard clearly through the trees. Elephants can also be heard moving slowly through the undergrowth at dusk.

gibbon, the unusual red-nosed proboscis monkey, and of course the orangutan. Although

Accommodation options in this area generally have a great

the latter can be difficult to spot in the wild, quite a number

range of day excursions, including jungle treks and boat trips,

still reside in the river basin area. Less often seen due to their

and whilst the rural settings mean the facilities tend to be fairly

nocturnal nature are the colugo, slow loris and tarsier. On the

basic, this can really add to the experience. The settings here

odd occasion you may also be lucky enough to spot a pygmy

are ideal for soaking up the atmosphere, sights and sounds of

elephant or even a clouded leopard. The area is also home

the rainforest and river.

TOP ACCOMMODATION: Look no further than Sukau Rainforest Lodge, one of National Geographic’s Unique Lodges of the World.

PRIMATES APLENTY: 10 species of primate can be found here, including the orangutan, red leaf monkey and western tarsier.

RIVER DENIZENS: When travelling down the Kinabatangan, keep an eye out for crocodiles, monitor lizards and bathing elephants.

RECORD HOLDER: At 560 kilometres, the Kinabatangan River is Sabah’s longest river and the second-longest in all of Malaysia.

CONSERVATION: The lower Kinabatangan has been subjected to commercial logging and clearing for cocoa and palm oil plantations, but the Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary is protected.

DANUM VALLEY HIGHLIGHTS AND MAIN ATTRACTIONS

Originally established to provide the area with protection

Danum Valley is a hotspot for many species of wildlife.

from logging activities, the Danum Valley Conservation Area

Travellers who make the trip can hope to spot orangutans,

is comprised of 438km of lowland dipterocarp forest that

gibbons, macaques, sun bears, clouded leopards, red-

provides a pristine sanctuary for a dazzling array of undisturbed

leaf monkeys, tarsiers and pygmy elephants. The birdlife is

wildlife in southeastern Sabah. Covering a plot of land roughly

wonderfully prolific, with in excess of 340 species recorded

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the same size as Singapore, this ecosystem is said to have the highest concentration of wild orangutans in the world, and whilst such a sighting cannot be guaranteed, the area is well worth being included in your itinerary if you’re hoping to see the great apes.

The nearest town and gateway to Danum Valley is Lahad Datu, located on the eastern coast of Sabah. It takes about two hours to make the journey to Danum Valley by car, heading 70

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here, including kingfishers, hornbills,

The remote nature of the valley and lack of modern development creates a place of unparalleled biodiversity where some of Sabah’s most elusive zoological and botanical gems can be seen.

trogons, parrots and flowerpeckers.

Activities within Danum Valley include wildlife-spotting from canopy walkways, raised wooden viewing platforms and rainforest trails.There are also waterfalls in the area, enhancing the feel of feeling effortlessly at one with nature. We use the excellent Borneo Rainforest Lodge as a base, which has a range of vehicles and expert naturalists on hand to ensure you maximise your time in the area, as well

kilometres inland, where the landscape steadily changes to the

as an enviable setting with a backdrop of stunning rainforest

virgin rainforest for which the area is renowned. The nearby

creeping over the snaking Danum River that the lodge sits

Danum Valley Field Centre was established in 1986 to promote

beside. Make sure to attend one of the evening talks to learn

education, research and guidance on forest sustainability.

more about the conservation initiatives here.

TOP ACCOMMODATION: Borneo Rainforest Lodge is a cosy international-standard lodge built beside the Danum River, which provides complete jungle immersion.

WILDLIFE SPOTTING: Danum Valley is home to many endangered species, including the pygmy elephant and proboscis monkey.

The area is also great for wild orangutans and birdwatching.

AGED LANDSCAPES: The rainforest here is 130 million years old and is the largest area of protected rainforest in Sabah.

LITTLE-KNOWN FACT: The world’s tallest tropical tree was discovered here in 2019: a yellow meranti that stands 330 ft high.

HUMAN HISTORY: Three ancient burial sites attributed to the Kadazandusun people have been found here, complete with ceramic spirit jars and coffins made from belian wood.

TA B I N W I L D L I F E R E S E R V E HIGHLIGHTS AND MAIN ATTRACTIONS

Situated to the east of Lahad Datu, the Tabin Wildlife Reserve

Large mammals like the bearded pig, clouded leopard and

is a vast dipterocarp rainforest landscape covering 122,500

Borneo pygmy elephant can be found here, as well as seven

hectares, making it Malaysia’s largest wildlife reserve. This

primate species and many smaller carnivores. Sightings of

expansive reserve is surrounded by oil palm plantations and

orangutans and proboscis monkeys are rare. Some of Tabin’s

was established as a national reserve in order to protect the

tropical plants are also said to have medicinal qualities, learned

abundant flora and fauna found within the forests, some of

over the ages by the indigenous peoples of the area. In

which is endangered. It offers a true experience of rainforest adventure and some of the region’s wildlife highlights, in an eco-conscious environment where people and nature coexist with minimal impact on natural resources. All this makes Tabin a highly recommended stop on any Borneo holiday.

Established in 1984, the reserve is

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addition, many consider Tabin to be a birder’s paradise, with over 250 recorded species including colourful

The local mud volcanoes offer the visitor the chance to get face to face with some of the rainforest’s most treasured animals, almost like filming a wildlife documentary.

sunbirds and pittas.

The Lipad Waterfall can be hiked to and its waters provide an invigorating and refreshing antidote after a busy day exploring the forest.

As well as day treks and hikes on the trails throughout the reserve,

located 50 kilometres from Lahad

night drives allow the visitor to

Datu, which takes approximately

see some of the more elusive and

1-1.5 hours by car. It contains mud

nocturnal creatures that lurk in the

volcanoes which act as a salt-lick resource for the birdlife and

forest, such as the leopard cat. Some 71 species of frog and

terrestrial wildlife of the area, who gain essential minerals and

toad contribute to a croaking chorus as night falls, while all

nutrients from the mud and water springs. Some visitors also

eight of Borneo’s hornbill species have been recorded here.

decide to make use of the minerals found in the mud, as it is

See how many you can find!

said to rejuvenate and replenish the skin.

TOP ACCOMMODATION: Tabin Wildlife Resort provides charming timber bungalows and spectacular forest views for its guests.

WILDLIFE SPOTTING: Here you have the best chance of seeing the elusive clouded leopard. Pygmy elephants can often be seen here as well as many primates, including gibbons.

UNUSUAL SIGHTINGS: With luck, you may get to spot a tembadau, or banteng, a species of wild cattle.

PHOTOGRAPHY: The rich array of wildlife and immersive rainforest environment make Tabin a great destination for photographers.

MALIAU BASIN HIGHLIGHTS AND MAIN ATTRACTIONS

Encircled by a huge escarpment that reaches more than 5,000

branches or on the forest floor, and catching sight of elusive

ft above sea level, the Maliau Basin contains within it rivers,

mammals like the sun bear and clouded leopard. Along the way

waterfalls, vast tracts of primary rainforest and a stunning

you’ll stay in picturesque camps out in the wilds of the basin, as

amount of biodiversity. The formation of this escarpment over

well as at the Maliau Basin Studies Centre, where you’ll be able

millions of years has created a kind of natural barrier, largely

to learn about the natural wonders present here.

protecting the vast green amphitheatre within from outside influence. Although the local Murut people have made occasional

There are many species of primate that call the Maliau Basin

foraging forays into the basin for many years, it wasn’t until

home, including orangutans, gibbons, macaques, proboscis

1982 that the first scientific expedition took place here. The Maliau Basin Conservation Area, which includes the basin and the buffer zone around it, covers almost 600km .

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The basin itself is 25km across, with a total area of almost 400km – plenty of space for 2

incredible wildlife encounters to occur!

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monkeys and red-leaf monkeys. You’ll also be able to walk through a number of different

Leave the crowds behind and explore one of Borneo’s most pristine wildernesses.

Borneo offers many family-friendly wildlife

forest types within the basin, characterised by various tree species like agathis and dipterocarp. During your treks, keep your eyes peeled for carnivorous pitcher plants and watch in amazement as they devour their insect prey. The Giluk Falls are a sight to behold, while a hike up the basin rim is a must

areas that are serviced by a great selection of more than

for the beautiful panoramic views you’ll be able to enjoy from

comfortable lodges. The Maliau Basin, meanwhile, is an excellent

this lofty vantage point. This is also a great area for night walks,

choice for the more intrepid traveller. If you’re seeking a safari

as many of the basin’s nocturnal creatures emerge to feed once

experience closer to raw nature, you can spend your days here

the sun disappears. Your guide from the Maliau Basin Studies

trekking through the lush landscape, casting your eyes to the

Centre will be able to provide detailed information on the many

skies for the 300 species of bird that flit through the canopy,

fascinating organisms that lurk in the trees and the undergrowth,

observing the multi-hued insects that make their home in

including frogs, snakes, bearded pigs and barking deer.

WHAT’S IN A NAME: The Murut people’s name for the Maliau Basin is ‘Land of the Giant Staircase’, a reference to the 19 waterfalls that can be found here.

FIRST SIGHTING: The existence of the Maliau Basin was known only to local peoples until 1947, when the pilot of a light aircraft almost crashed into the high mist-enshrouded escarpment.

LEGAL PROTECTION: The Maliau Basin was declared a Protection Forest Reserve (Class I) in 1997. Efforts have even been made to enshrine the area as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

FASCINATING FLORA: Amateur botanists can hope to find rare parasitic rafflesia plants and more than 80 species of orchid here.

NATURAL PRESERVATION: The trees of the Maliau Basin have never been subjected to commercial logging, a rarity in Borneo.

KOTA K I N A BA L U & SURROUNDING ISLANDS HIGHLIGHTS AND MAIN ATTRACTIONS

The gateway to the enthralling Sabah region of Borneo, Kota

a photographer’s delight. Atkinson’s Clock Tower is one of these

Kinabalu, or ‘KK’ as it is more commonly referred to locally, is

few heritage buildings of the colonial era. The area of Gaya Street

a thriving and busy city. People will often spend time here to

should be visited on Sunday mornings, when a local street fair

recharge their batteries at the beginning or end of their Borneo

bursts with energy and colour, with anything from rabbits, books,

holidays, and you may well discover it has charms that its first

coffee, medicine and fruits being sold by its animated traders.

impression belies. There is also a good quality of accommodation, with more facilities than the smaller rainforest lodges and island retreats elsewhere in the Sabah region, which means that you can relax, unwind and reflect on your trip in some luxurious hotel settings.

The central downtown area of Kota Kinabalu

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One of Kota Kinabalu’s biggest appeals is its beaches and nearby islands.

is set on the northwest coast of Borneo facing

The Tunku Abdu Rahman Marine Park just off the coast of Kota Kinabalu comprises an archipelago of islands: Gaya, Manukan, Sapi, Sulug and Mamutik, which have turquoise waters filled with tropical fish and coral reef.

Gaya Island is the most visited and is home to luxurious resorts that blend with the natural world that surrounds them, including

the South China Sea. The main international airport is situated

Bunga Raya Resort. The idyllic Pulau Tiga to the southwest is

7 kilometres outside of the centre of city. The centre itself is

another great option. As of February 2020, Britain’s Foreign &

relatively compact and it is possible to walk from one end of the

Commonwealth Office advises against all but essential travel to

city to another in around 30 minutes.

all islands off the coast of eastern Sabah. For this reason, Gaya Island is the only offshore destination that we currently include in

Whilst there are few museums or buildings of interest, as many of

our clients’ itineraries. For up-to-date information, please contact

the colonial buildings were destroyed during World War Two, the

our Destination Specialists or visit the Foreign & Commonwealth

stilted villages in Sembulan, Tanjung Aru and Kampung Likas are

Office’s website at www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/malaysia.

TOP ACCOMMODATION: In Kota Kinabalu, we recommend Le Meridien, Shangri La Rasa Ria, Shangri La Tanjung Aru and Horizon Hotel. If travelling offshore, opt for Bunga Raya Resort on Gaya Island or Borneo Eagle Resort on Pulau Tiga.

PORTS & EXPORTS: Kota Kinabalu is the main port located on the South China Sea. Its main export is rubber.

WATER-BASED WONDERS: Diving and snorkelling are popular activities at Gaya Island due to the incredibly rich marine life.

ISLAND RESIDENTS: There is wildlife to see onshore at Gaya Island as well, including bearded pigs and proboscis monkeys.

HIGHEST HEIGHTS: Kota Kinabalu National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, contains Borneo’s highest mountain: Mount Kinabalu’s summit stands at 13,435 ft above sea level.

Conservation in

Borneo

At Natural World Safaris we frequently monitor the social, economic and environmental impact of our travel operations to ensure we are at the forefront of a sustainable and ethical tourism industry. We aim to work collaboratively with our partners and suppliers who we view as crucial stakeholders in the natural and cultural experiences we offer.

MAKING A DIFFERENCE HOW YOUR SAFARI CONTRIBUTES TO CONSERVATION

ECOTOURISM

WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES

As travellers, we have a responsibility to travel in an ethical

The Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre and Bornean

and sustainable way. Where we choose to visit can truly

Sun Bear Conservation Centre (BSBCC) are two projects that

make a difference. Championing ecotourism helps to

we are very proud to support here at Natural World Safaris.

convince governments that wild animals and wild places are

We always encourage our clients to pay a visit to these two

worth protecting, while our presence provides vital funds for

organisations, for a number of reasons. Conservation isn’t

frontline conservationists. By visiting official parks, reserves

just about protecting those animals already living free in

and sanctuaries, such as the Tabin Wildlife Reserve and

the wild – many animals also need to be saved who would

Danum Valley Conservation Area, you are assisting with the

otherwise have met an inevitable end either at the hands of

upkeep of these vital wilderness areas through your park

humans or in the often unforgiving wilderness. Sepilok and the

fees. Ecotourism provides more than just financial benefits

BSBCC rescue, care for, and rehabilitate orangutans and sun

too – we believe that experiencing the natural world first-hand

bears whose circumstances have left them unable to fend for

is the best way to create ambassadors for the natural world.

themselves, whether those circumstances are injury, captivity,

We believe that when people fall in love with a place, they

the illegal wildlife trade, or the loss of a mother. Your entrance

will strive to protect it, and this of course goes for wildlife as

fees will go directly to the centres, providing them with vital

well. We hope that your time in Borneo will inspire you to raise awareness of the island’s bountiful biodiversity and the threats that it faces; to make more sustainable choices with the products that you buy; and to become more attuned with your place in the great tapestry of life.

funds that will contribute directly

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to the staff’s ongoing conservation

We believe that when people fall in love with a place, they will strive to protect it.

efforts. What’s more, you can see these wonderful animals up close in a way that is seldom possible in the wild!

WONG SIEW TE, NATURAL WORLD HERO

DERAMAKOT FOREST RESERVE If you’re hoping to visit a reserve where conservation can

We are proud to count the CEO & Founder of the BSBCC,

truly be seen in action, make sure to include the Deramakot

Wong Siew Te, as one of our Natural World Heroes. This

Forest Reserve, located northwest of Lahad Datu in the

conservation collective honours the influential figures who

state of Sabah, in your Borneo itinerary. The area where the

work to champion the world’s wildlife and wilderness. Wong

reserve now stands was once dedicated entirely to logging

has been studying sun bears in Borneo since 1998 and

and had suffered severely from deforestation, but in the 1990s

has made exceptional strides in the the field of sun bear

the Malaysian government decided to adopt sustainable

conservation and research. A former co-chair of the Sun Bear

forestry practices and make moves to protect the wildlife

Expert Team, part of the IUCN/SSC Bear Specialist Group,

here. Deramakot was first certified by the Forest Stewardship

Wong is tireless in his commitment to the sun bear and has

Council in 1997, making it the longest certified tropical

contributed to many pioneering studies on the species.

rainforest in the world. Today logging and reforestation have

Contact one of our Destination Specialists if you are interested

reached a healthy balance that provides for the local economy

in meeting Wong during your time at the BSBCC. You can

as well as flora and fauna, and of course ecotourism.

also visit the following link to read our interview with Wong: www.naturalworldsafaris.com/natural-world-heroes/wongsiew-te

©Stella Diamant

SABAH WILDLIFE ADVENTURE DURATION

14 DAYS PRICE FROM

£5,940 $7,750 DESTINATION

BORNEO WHEN

APR-OCT ITINERARY DAY 1: ARRIVE SEPILOK On arrival at Sandakan Airport, you will be met and transferred to the nature haven of Sepilok, a perfect base to visit the nearby animal sanctuaries and rehabilitation centres. At dusk you will visit the canopy walk at the Rainforest Discovery Centre and then return to the lodge for dinner.

DAYS 7-8: KINABATANGAN RIVER DAYS 2-4: DERAMAKOT Spend the next three days in the Deramakot Forest Reserve, a great example of conservation through sustainable tourism that is home to rare species like clouded leopard, binturong and pygmy elephant. You’ll be able to enjoy guided walks and tours while staying in the reserve.

Spend the next three days

DAYS 5-6: SEPILOK On your first day you will journey from Deramakot to Sepilok. You will visit the Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre the next day, followed by a tour of the Sun Bear Conservation Centre.

A boat will then take you on an 80-minute ride up the Kinabatangan River, to Abai Jungle Lodge.

exploring the Kinabatangan area. Visit the Gomantong Caves, the village of Abai, and spend time on the river looking for wildlife.

Species to be found include orangutans, proboscis monkeys, tree snakes, crocodiles, monitor lizards, macaques, and much more.

Herds of wild elephant may also be seen passing along the banks of the river.

DAYS 9-10: TABIN WILDLIFE RESERVE Wake for breakfast before departing by road for 2 hours to reach the town of Lahad Datu. From here, you will swap vehicles for a 4x4 and proceed into the Tabin Wildlife Reserve, a journey of 1.5 hours that will take you to your simple forest lodge. Check in and spend the next two days exploring the jungle, trekking both morning and night in search of wildlife.

DAYS 11-13: DANUM VALLEY

DAY 14: DEPART BORNEO

After breakfast you will be

Wake early for a final

transferred to the renowned

morning trek in search of

Danum Valley, one of the

wildlife before returning to

best remaining examples

the lodge. After a hearty

of how Borneo’s forests

breakfast, it’s time to

used to be, with a thick

depart to Lahad Datu for

tropical canopy and a

your onward flight to Kota

variety of resident animals.

Kinabalu (flight included).

Join fascinating treks and

From here you will

try to spot wildlife such as

connect onto your onward

gibbons and orangutans.

international flight.

B O R N E O O R A N G U TA N S A N D B E A C H E S FA M I LY S A FA R I DURATION

9 DAYS PRICE FROM

ÂŁ2,750 $3,580 DESTINATION

BORNEO WHEN

MAY-OCT ITINERARY DAY 1: ARRIVE SEPILOK On arrival you will be met and transferred to the narue haven of Sepilok, a perfect base to visit the nearby animal sanctuaries and rehabilitation centres. Visit the canopy walk at the Rainforest Discovery Centre in time to catch the red giant flying squirrels emerge from their nests and glide between the trees.

DAY 2: SEPILOK After breakfast, visit the Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre in time for their morning feed, then take a tour of the Sun Bear Conservation Centre to learn all about the project to save these adorable bears.

DAYS 4-5: KINABATANGAN RIVER

DAY 3: SEPILOK SUK AU

Spend the next two days

Enjoy breakfast and have an

exploring the Kinabatangan

easy morning at your lodge

area. Visit the Gomantong

before you depart at 10:30am

Caves, the village of Abai, and

for your transfer to Sandakan

spend time on the river looking

Yacht Club Jetty. Here, take

for wildlife. Species to be found

your shared boat transfer

include orangutans, crocodiles,

across the bay and into the

monitor lizards, macaques,

mouth of the Kinabatangan

monitor lizards, and much

River. During the 1.5-hour

more. Herds of wild elephant

journey you will witness

may also be seen passing along

small local communities at

the banks of the river. On Day

the river’s edge, as well as a

5 you will be transferred to the

variety of wildlife.

beautiful Gaya Island.

DAYS 6-8: GAYA ISL AND Enjoy your time at Gaya Island by taking part in the myriad activities here, designed to help you reconnect with the natural world. Explore miles of forested trails and ancient ecosystems, practise making local handicrafts or try your hand at cooking. You can also try your hand at yoga on the beach or guided meditation, or even deep-sea fishing, paddleboarding or kayaking.

DAY 14: DEPART BORNEO Today you will check out and take a scheduled boat back to Jesselton Jetty on the mainland. You will be met here and transferred to Kota Kinabalu Airport in time for your international flight home. Late check-out and unscheduled boat transfers are available at an extra cost if you want to make the most of your time on the beach before your flight.

BORNEO WILDLIFE, RIVERS AND BEACHES DURATION

14 DAYS PRICE FROM

ÂŁ5,420 $7,055 DESTINATION

BORNEO WHEN

APR-NOV ITINERARY

DAYS 4-6: KINABATANGAN RIVER Spend the next three days exploring the Kinabatangan

DAY 2: SEPILOK

DAY 1: ARRIVE BORNEO

area. Visit the Gomantong

After breakfast this

Caves, the village of Abai,

morning, transfer to the

and spend time on the

airport in time for your flight to Sandakan (50 minutes).

Arrive at Kota Kinabalu

On arrival at Sandakan

International Airport,

Airport, you will be met and

where you will be met and

transferred to the nature

transferred to your hotel for

haven of Sepilok; a perfect

your overnight stay. The rest

base to visit the nearby

of the day will be yours to

animal sanctuaries and

spend at leisure.

rehabilitation centres.

DAY 3: SEPILOK After breakfast, visit the Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre in time for their morning feed, then take a tour of the Sun Bear Conservation Centre to learn all about the project to save these adorable bears.

river looking for wildlife.

Species to be found include orangutans, proboscis monkeys, tree snakes, crocodiles, monitor lizards, macaques, and much more.

Herds of wild elephant may also be seen passing along the banks of the river.

DAYS 7-9: DANUM VALLEY After breakfast you will be transferred to the renowned Danum Valley, one of the best remaining examples of how Borneo’s forests used to be, with a thick tropical canopy and a variety of resident animals. Join fascinating treks and try to spot wildlife such as gibbons and orangutans.

Spend the next three days exploring this incredible area.

DAYS 10-13: GAYA ISL AND Enjoy your time at Gaya Island by taking part in the myriad activities here, designed to help you reconnect with the natural world. Explore miles of forested trails and ancient ecosystems, practise making local handicrafts or try your hand at cooking. You can also try your hand at yoga on the beach or guided meditation, or even deep-sea fishing, paddleboarding or kayaking.

DAY 14: DEPART BORNEO Today you will check out and take a scheduled boat back to Jesselton Jetty on the mainland. You will be met here and transferred to Kota Kinabalu Airport in time for your international flight home.

L U X U RY R A I N F O R E S T S , O R A N G U TA N S A N D B E A C H E S DURATION

13 DAYS PRICE FROM

ÂŁ5,595 $7,805 DESTINATION

BORNEO WHEN

APR-NOV ITINERARY

DAYS 3 - 5: KINABATANGAN RIVER Spend the next three days

DAYS 6 - 8: DANUM VALLEY

exploring the Kinabatangan

After breakfast you will be

area. Visit the Gomantong

transferred to the renowned

Caves, the village of Abai,

Danum Valley, one of the best

and spend time on the

remaining examples of how

river looking for wildlife.

Borneo’s forests used to be,

After breakfast, visit the

Species to be found include

with a thick tropical canopy

Orangutan Rehabilitation

orangutans, proboscis

and a variety of resident

Centre in time for their

monkeys, tree snakes,

animals. Join fascinating treks

morning feed, then take

crocodiles, monitor lizards,

and try to spot wildlife such

a tour of the Sun Bear

macaques, and much more.

as gibbons and orangutans.

Conservation Centre to

Herds of wild elephant may

Spend the next three days

learn all about the project to

also be seen passing along

exploring this incredible area.

save these adorable bears.

the banks of the river.

DAY 1: ARRIVE BORNEO On arrival at Sandakan Airport, you will be met and transferred to the nature haven of Sepilok, a perfect base to visit the nearby animal sanctuaries and rehabilitation centres. At dusk you will visit the canopy walk at the Rainforest Discovery Centre and then return to the lodge for dinner.

DAY 2: SEPILOK

DAYS 9 - 12: KOTA KINABALU After your dalliance in the jungle, it is now time to retreat to paradise for some well-deserved relaxation on a beautiful beach.

Spend these days as you wish as you unwind at the end of your trip. You might like to relax at the hotel pool or enjoy the beautiful beach and water sports on offer.

DAY 14: DEPART BORNEO Today you will be transferred to Kota Kinabalu Airport in time for your international flight home.

Please note that check-out is in the morning.

U LT I M AT E S A B A H W I L D L I F E S A FA R I DURATION

17 DAYS PRICE FROM

£10,465 $13,625 DESTINATION

BORNEO WHEN

APR-OCT ITINERARY

DAYS 3-4: DERAMAKOT DAY 2: SEPILOK DERAMAKOT This morning you will have

DAY 1: ARRIVE BORNEO

an early start as you are met and transferred to

On arrival at Sandakan

Deramakot Forest Reserve.

Airport, you will be met and

Travel to Telupid Town

transferred to the nature

(approximately 4-5 hours)

haven of Sepilok, a perfect

where you will stop for a

base to visit the nearby

drink before continuing on

animal sanctuaries and

to Deramakot. Arrive at the

rehabilitation centres.

reserve before 5:00pm.

DAYS 7-8: KINABATANGAN RIVER

DAYS 9-10: TABIN WILDLIFE RESERVE

DAYS 11-13: DANUM VALLEY

DAYS 14-16: PULAU TIGA

Spend the next two

DAYS 5 - 6: SEPILOK

Spend the next three days

Wake for breakfast before

After breakfast you will

After your dalliance in

days in the Deramakot

Over the course of the next

exploring the Kinabatangan

departing by road for 2

be transferred to the

the jungle, it is now time

Forest Reserve, a

two days you will visit the

area. Visit the Gomantong

hours to reach the town of

renowned Danum Valley.

to retreat to paradise

great example of

Orangutan Rehabilitation

Caves, the village of Abai,

Lahad Datu. From here, you

Danum Valley is one

for some well-deserved

conservation through

Centre and the Sun Bear

and spend time on the river

will swap vehicles for a 4x4

of the best remaining

relaxation surrounded

sustainable tourism

Conservation Centre.You

looking for wildlife. Species to

and proceed into the Tabin

examples of how

by nature, on the

that is home to rare

are then transferred by

be found include orangutans,

Wildlife Reserve, a journey of

Borneo’s forests used to

spectacular Pulau Tiga.

species like clouded

boat to the Kinabatangan

proboscis monkeys, tree

1.5 hours that will take you

be, with a thick tropical

Enjoy your time at

leopard, binturong and

River. During the 80-minute

snakes, crocodiles, monitor

to your simple forest lodge.

canopy and a variety of

Borneo Eagle Resort by

pygmy elephant. You’ll

journey you will witness

lizards, macaques, and much

Check in and spend the

wildlife. Join fascinating

taking part in the myriad

be able to enjoy guided

small local communities at

more. Herds of wild elephant

next two days exploring the

treks and try to spot

activities here, designed

walks and tours while

the river’s edge, as well as a

may also be seen passing

jungle, trekking both morning

wildlife such as gibbons

to help you reconnect

staying in the reserve.

variety of wildlife.

along the banks of the river.

and night in search of wildlife.

and orangutans.

with the natural world.

DAY 17: DEPART BORNEO Today you will be transferred back to Kota Kinabalu Airport by boat and private car, in time to catch your onward flight home. Please note that check-out is in the morning.

IN T HE P R E S S // AWA R D S Here at Natural World Safaris we have won various awards for our unique and carefully crafted safaris. We have also featured in the press around the globe, receiving rave reviews from some of the world’s most respected travel writers.

“The Fixer to use”

“A marvel for first-hand knowledge of destinations”

“One of the most unique experiences in the world”

ATOL All the flights and flight inclusive holidays on this website are financially protected by the ATOL scheme. When you pay you will be supplied with an ATOL Certificate.

Please ask for it and check to ensure that everything you booked (flights, hotels and other services) is listed on it. Please see our booking conditions for further information or for more information about financial protection and the ATOL Certificate go to: www.atol.org.uk/ATOLCertificate ABTOT The Association of Bonded Travel Organisers Trust Limited (ABTOT) provides financial protection under ABTOT Combined and The Package Travel and Linked Travel Arrangements Regulations 2018 for Natural World Safaris Ltd., ATOL number 9826, and in the event of their insolvency, protection is provided for the following:

“One of the more intrepid operators in southern and eastern Africa”

1. non-flight packages; 2. flight inclusive packages that commence outside of the EEA, which are sold to customers outside of the EEA; and 3. flight inclusive packages, flight only and linked travel arrangements (LTAs) sold as a principal under ABTOT Combined.

ABTOT Combined cover provides for a refund in the event you have not yet travelled or repatriation if you are abroad. Please note that bookings made by customers outside the EEA are only protected by ABTOT when purchased directly with Natural World Safaris Ltd.

“An adventure off the scale – a place and experience to make your heart beat faster”

In the unlikely event that you require assistance whilst abroad due to our financial failure, please call ABTOT’s 24/7 helpline on 01702 811397 and advise you are a customer of an ABTOT protected travel company.

You can access The Package Travel and Linked Travel Arrangements Regulations 2018 here: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/634/contents/made All the flights and flight inclusive holidays on this website are financially protected either by ABTOT Combined or the ATOL scheme. When you pay for something protected by the ATOL scheme you will be supplied with an ATOL Certificate. Please ask for it and check to ensure that everything you booked (flights, hotels and other services) is listed on it. Please see our booking conditions for further information or for more information about financial protection and the ATOL Certificate go to: http:// www.caa.co.uk/ATOL-protection/Consumers/ATOL-certificate/

Natural World Safaris Second Floor 130a Western Road, Brighton East Sussex, BN1 2LA, UK UK Tel +44 (0) 1273 691 642 US Toll Free 1866 357 6569 Australia Toll Free 1800 668 890 naturalworldsafaris.com @natworldsafaris NaturalWorldSafarisLtd naturalworldsafaris Registered address: Natural World Safaris Ltd Granta Lodge, 71 Graham Road, Malvern Worcestershire, WR14 2JS, UK Registered in England Company No: 05649357