www.lawcommission.gov.np
g]kfn :sfp6 P]g, @)%) nfndf]x/ / k|sfzg ldlt @)%).*.&
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g !=
g]kfn :sfp6 -klxnf] ;+zf]]wg_ P]g, @)%%
@)%%.(.@@ k|df0fLs/0f / k|sfzg ldlt
@= lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^#
@)^#.(.!$
#= u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^
@)^^.!).&
$= s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@
@)&@.!!.!#
%= g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&%
@)&%.!!.!( @)%) ;fnsf] P]g g+= @&
=============================
g]kfn :sfp6sf] Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g k|:tfjgf M g]kfn
========== sf afnaflnsf tyf o'jf ju{nfO{ ljZj :sfp6sf] l;4fGt /
dfGotf cg'¿ksf] cleofgdf ;xefuL u/fO{ ltgLx¿sf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s / af}l4s ljsf; u/L ltgLx¿nfO{ cg'zfl;t :jfjnDaL / rl/qjfg t'NofO{ ;]jf efjgfsf] clea[l4 ub}{ b]z ljsf; sfo{df ;xefuL u/fpg g]kfn :sfp6nfO{ a9L ;Ifd / ;+ul7t agfpg jfG5gLo ePsf]n], >L % dxf/fhflw/fh jL/]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] zf;gsfnsf] afO;f}+ jif{df ;+;bn] of] P]g agfPsf]5 .
!=
;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æg]kfn :sfp6 P]g, @)%)Æ /x]sf] 5 . -@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^# ;fn ;fpg !& ut]b]lv nfu" ePsf] . of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn h]7 !% ut]b]lv nfu" ePsf] . u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .
1
www.lawcommission.gov.np
@=
kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;ª\un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,– -s_
æg]kfn :sfp6Æ eGgfn] bkmf # adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfn :sfp6 ;D´g' k5{ .
-v_
æ/fli6«o kl/ifb\Æ eGgfn] bkmf & adf]lhdsf] /fli6«o kl/ifb\ ;D´g' k5{ .
-v!_ æk|b]z kl/ifb\Æ eGgfn] bkmf (s= adf]lhdsf] k|b]z kl/ifb\ ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_
æ/fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltÆ eGgfn] bkmf !) adf]lhdsf] /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt ;D´g' k5{ .
-3_
æ;Nnfxsf/ ;efÆ eGgfn] bkmf !# adf]lhdsf] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ef ;D´g' k5{ .
-ª_
æk|d'v :sfp6Æ eGgfn] bkmf !% adf]lhdsf] k|d'v :sfp6 ;D´g' k5{ .
-r_
æk|d'v cfo'QmÆ eGgfn] bkmf !^ adf]lhdsf] k|d'v cfo'Qm ;D´g' k5{ .
-5_
æ;xk|d'v cfo'QmÆ eGgfn] bkmf !& adf]lhdsf] ;x–k|d'v cfo'Qm ;D´g' k5{ .
-h_
æcfo'QmÆ eGgfn] bkmf !* adf]lhdsf] cfo'Qm ;D´g' k5{ .
-h!_ æg]kfn :sfp6sf] ;b:oÆ eGgfn] bkmf !* adf]lhdsf] ;b:o ;Demg' k5{ .
-´_
æ;lrjÆ eGgfn] g]kfn :sfp6sf] /fli6«o ;lrj ;D´g' k5{ .
-`_
ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] of] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhd ;D´g' k5{ .
#=
g]kfn :sfp6sf] :yfkgf M -!_ g]kfn
===========sf afnaflnsf tyf o'jf ju{nfO{
:sfp6df cflwsflws dfqfdf ;xefuL u/fO{ ltgLx¿sf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s / af}l4s ljsf; u/L ltgLx¿nfO{ cg'zfl;t / :jfjnDaL agfO{ b]z ljsf; sfo{df ;xefuL u/fpg g]kfn :sfp6sf] :yfkgf x'g]5 . -@_ of] P]g k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfn :sfp6 o;} P]g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] dflgg]5 . -#_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf /xg]5 .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .
2
www.lawcommission.gov.np
-$_ g]kfn :sfp6n] cfjZstf cg';f/ g]kfn
======== leq sfof{nox¿ vf]Ng
;Sg]5 .
$=
g]kfn :sfp6 :jzfl;t ;+:yf x'g]M -!_ g]kfn :sfp6 cljlR5Gg pQ/flwsf/jfnf Ps :jzfl;t / ;+ul7t ;+:yf x'g]5 . -@_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;a} sfd sf/afxLsf] lgldQ cfˆgf] Pp6f 5'§} 5fk x'g]5 . -#_ g]kfn :sfp6n] JolQm ;/x rn crn ;DklQ k|fKt ug{, pkef]u ug{, a]r lavg ug{ jf cGo lsl;dn] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 . -$_ g]kfn :sfp6n] JolQm ;/x cfˆgf] gfdaf6 gfln; ph'/ ug{ / g]kfn :sfp6 pk/ klg ;f]xL gfdaf6 gfln; ph'/ nfUg ;Sg]5 .
%=
g]kfn :sfp6sf] p2]ZoM g]kfn :sfp6sf] p2]Zo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_
ljZj :sfp6åf/f k|ltkflbt l;4fGt, dfGotf / efjgf;+u g]kfn
======= sf
afnaflnsf tyf o'jf ju{nfO{ kl/lrt u/fpFb} afnaflnsf tyf o'jf ju{nfO{ hg;]jL agfpg] . -v_
afnaflnsf tyf o'jf ju{nfO{ g]kfn :sfp6sf] dfWodåf/f st{Jo k/fo0f, cg'zfl;t, :jfjnDaL, ;Rrl/qjfg tyf ;' of]Uo gful/s agfpg] .
-u_
b}jL k|sf]k tyf b'3{6gfdf k/]sf JolQmx¿sf] p4f/ tyf ;xfotf sfo{df g]kfn :sfp6nfO{ kl/rfng ug]{, u/fpg] .
-3_
;fd'bflos ;]jf tyf hglxt ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ u/fpg] .
-ª_ ;dfhsf x/]s ju{ tyf ;d'xnfO{ lzlIft kfg{ k|f}9 lzIff nufot ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ug]{, u/fpg] .
-r_ :jf:Yo, jftfj/0f, e"–;+/If0f tyf k|fs[lts >f]tsf] pkof]u ;DaGwL ljleGg hgpkof]uL sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ o'jf hgzlQm kl/rfng ug]{, u/fpg] .
%s= g]kfn :sfp6sf] lgod / k|lt1f M g]kfn :sfp6sf] lgod / k|lt1f tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f yk . 3
www.lawcommission.gov.np
^=
g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;+u7gM g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;+u7g b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 / logLx¿sf] ;fd'lxs ¿k g} g]kfn :sfp6sf] :j¿k x'g]5 M– -s_
&=
/fli6«o kl/ifb\,
-s!_ k|b]z kl/ifb\,
-v_
/fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt,
-u_
;Nnfxsf/ ;ef .
/fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] u7g M-!_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;jf]{Rr lgsfosf] ¿kdf Pp6f /fli6«o kl/ifb\ /xg]5 . -@_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] u7g b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_
k|d'v :sfp6
–
cWoIf
-v_
k|d'v cfo'Qm
–
pkfWoIf
–
;b:o
;b:o, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u -lzIff x]g]{_ –
;b:o
-u_
;+3Lo–;+;b\sf ;b:ox¿dWo]af6 tLghgf
-3_
-3!_ ue{g/, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
–
;b:o
-ª_
;lrj, o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfno
–
;b:o
-r_
;lrj, cy{ dGqfno
–
;b:o
-5_
;lrj, dlxnf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfno –
;b:o
-´_
dxfdGqL, g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L
-h_
======================
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt . lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f lemlsPsf] .
4
–
;b:o
www.lawcommission.gov.np
-`_
;dfh;]jLx¿dWo]af6 kfFrhgf
–
;b:o
-6_
rGbfbftfx¿dWo]af6 tLghgf
–
;b:o
k|To]s k|b]zaf6 b'O{hgf dlxnf / b'O{hgf k'?ifsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ;DalGwt k|b]zsf g]kfn :sfp6sf /fli6«o:t/sf tfnLd k|fKt bnsf ;b:ox¿n] cfkm"dWo]af6 lgjf{rg u/L k7fPsf c7\7fO{;hgf –
;b:o
g]kfn :sfp6sf k|b]z txsf ;b:ox¿n] cf–cfˆgf] k|b]zaf6 rf/hgfsf b/n] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L cfkm"x¿dWo]af6 lgjf{rg u/L k7fPsf c7\7fO{;hgf –
;b:o
-7_
-8_
-9_
;lrj
– ;b:o–;lrj
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -v_, -u_, -`_ / -6_ adf]lhdsf ;b:ox¿sf] dgf]gog ug{sf] nflu /fli6«o kl/ifb\n] /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ /x]sf kfFr ;b:oLo Ps l;kmfl/; ;ldlt u7g ug]{5 / ;f] ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ k|d'v :sfp6n] /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] ;b:odf dgf]gog ug]{5 . t/ o; pkbkmf adf]lhdsf ;b:ox¿sf] klxnf] k6s dgf]gog ug{sf] nflu k|d'v :sfp6n] /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ /x]sf kfFr ;b:oLo Ps l;kmfl/; ;ldlt u7g ug]{5 / ;f] ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ k|d'v :sfp6n] /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] ;b:odf dgf]gog ug]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -7_ / -8_ adf]lhdsf ;b:ox¿sf] lgjf{rg tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 . -%_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf dgf]gLt tyf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿sf] kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 .
lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% åf/f ;+zf]lwt .
5
www.lawcommission.gov.np
*=
/fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
-v_
/fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] / dfu{bz{g
-u_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] ah]6 kfl/t ug]{ .
-3_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;~rfng ;DaGwdf cfjZos lgod agfpg] .
-ª_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] d"Nofª\sg ug]{, u/fpg] .
-r_
/fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] a}7sdf k]z ePsf jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf
ug]{ .
k|ltj]bg pk/ 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug]{ . -5_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg n]vf k/LIfssf] lgo'lQm ug]{ / kfl/>lds tf]Sg] .
-h_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] p2]Zo k"lt{sf] nflu tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfd ug]{, u/fpg] .
-@_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\n] cfjZos b]v]df s'g} :jb]zL jf ljb]zL ljz]if1 jf ;Nnfxsf/;Fu ;Nnfx lng ;Sg]5 .
(=
/fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] a}7s M -!_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] a}7s ;fdfGotof jif{sf] Ps k6s a:g]5 . -@_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] cWoIfn] / lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] pkfWoIfn] ug]{5 . /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] cWoIf tyf pkfWoIf b'j}sf] cg'kl:yltdf /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf ;b:ox¿n] cfkm"dWo]af6 5fg]sf] ;b:on] /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{5 . -#_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] a}7s ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw /fli6«o kl/ifb\ cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -$_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;b:o tyf ;b:o–;lrjn] a}7sdf efu lnP afkt tf]lsP adf]lhd a}7s eQf kfpg ;Sg]5g\ .
6
www.lawcommission.gov.np
(s= k|b]z kl/ifb\sf] u7g tyf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M k|b]z kl/ifb\sf] u7g tyf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!)=
/fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] u7gM -!_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] sfo{sf/L lgsfosf] ¿kdf sfd ug{ Ps /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt /xg]5 . -@_ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] u7g b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_
k|d'v cfo'Qm
–
cWoIf
-v_
;x–k|d'v cfo'Qm
–
;b:o
k|ltlglw, o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfno
–
;b:o
/fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿af6 ;a} k|b]zsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ;fthgf
–
;b:o
-ª_
cfo'Qmx¿
–
;b:o
-r_
;lrj
–
;b:o–;lrj
-u_
-3_
-#_ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf kb]g ;b:o afx]s cGo ;b:ox¿sf] kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 . -$_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf ;b:ox¿sf] dgf]gog ug{sf] nflu /fli6«o kl/ifb\n] /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ /x]sf kfFr ;b:oLo Ps l;kmfl/; ;ldlt u7g ug]{5 / ;f] ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ k|d'v :sfp6n] /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] ;b:odf dgf]gog ug]{5 . t/ o; pkbkmf adf]lhdsf ;b:ox¿sf] klxnf] k6s dgf]gog ug{sf] nflu k|d'v :sfp6n] /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ /x]sf kfFr ;b:oLo Ps l;kmfl/; ;ldlt u7g ug]{5 / ;f] ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] JolQmnfO{ k|d'v :sfp6n] /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] ;b:odf dgf]gog ug]{5 .
!!=
/fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M– -s_
/fli6«o kl/ifb\åf/f lbOPsf lgb]{zgx¿ kfng ug]{, u/fpg] .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% åf/f ;+zf]lwt . lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f ;+zf]lwt .
7
www.lawcommission.gov.np
-v_
/fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lg0f{ox¿ sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg] .
-u_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] jflif{s sfo{qmd, ah]6, k|ult ljj/0f, n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tyf cGo k|ltj]bg / k|:tfjx¿ tof/ u/L :jLs[lt jf cg'df]bgsf] nflu /fli6«o kl/ifb\df k]z ug]{ .
-3_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] rn crn ;DklQsf] ;+rfng, ;+/If0f, /]vb]v, ;D´f}tf, s/f/ jf 7]Ssf k§f ug]{ .
-ª_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] nflu k|fKt cfly{s tyf cGo ;xof]u u|x0f ug]{ .
-r_
/fli6«o kl/ifb\sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ g]kfn :sfp6sf] rn crn ;DklQ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ .
-5_
b}ljk|sf]k jf b'3{6gfdf p4f/ tyf ;xof]u nufot cGo dfgjLo ;]jf sfo{df :sfpl6ª\u u/fpg] .
-h_
g]kfn :sfp6sf] p2]Zo cg'¿k sfd ug{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;ldlt, pk–;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nL u7g ug]{ .
-h!_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;+rfng ;DaGwdf cfjZos lgodx¿ tof/ u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu /fli6«o kl/ifb\ ;dIf k]z ug]{ .
-´_
!@=
g]kfn :sfp6sf] p2]Zo k"lt{ ug{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo sfd ug]{, u/fpg] .
/fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] a}7s M -!_ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] a}7s ;fdfGotM jif{sf] rf/ k6s a:g]5 . -@_ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] cWoIfn] ug]{5 / lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf ;xk|d'v cfo'Qmn] /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{5 . -#_ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf] a}7s ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt cfkm}+n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 . -$_ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltsf cWoIf, ;b:o tyf ;b:o–;lrjn] a}7sdf efu lnP afkt kfpg] a}7s eQf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . 8
www.lawcommission.gov.np
!#=
;Nnfxsf/ ;ef M -!_ g]kfn :sfp6nfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u tyf ;Nnfx lbgsf] nflu Ps ;Nnfxsf/ ;ef /xg]5 . -@_ ;Nnfxsf/ ;efsf] u7g tyf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
!$= ;+/Ifs M -!_ k|wfgdGqL g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;+/Ifs x'g]5 . -@_ ;+/Ifsn] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{ g]kfn :sfp6sf] st{Jo
!$s=
x'g]5 .
==== ===== ====
!%= k|d'v :sfp6M lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqL jf /fHodGqL g]kfn :sfp6sf] k|d'v :sfp6 x'g]5 .
!^=
k|d'v cfo'QmM -!_ k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 . -@_ k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!&=
;xk|d'v cfo'QmM -!_ k|d'v :sfp6n] k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] l;kmfl/;df cfo'Qmx¿ dWo]af6
Ps hgf dlxnf / Ps hgf k'?if u/L b'O{hgfnfO{ ;xk|d'v cfo'Qmsf] kbdf lgo'lQm
ug]{5 . -@_ ;xk|d'v cfo'Qmsf] kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 . -#_ k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] cg'kl:yltdf ;xk|d'v cfo'Qmx¿ dWo] jl/i7 ;xk|d'v cfo'Qmn] k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] sfd ug]{5 . -$_ ;xk|d'v cfo'Qmsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!*=
cfo'Qm M -!_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd g]kfn :sfp6n] ug'{ kg]{ sfd sf/afxL k|efjsf/L ¿kn] ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ dWo]af6 a9Ldf kGw| hgfnfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd cfo'Qm kbdf lgo'Qm ul/g]5 . -@_ cfo'Qmsf] kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-@s_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} cfo'Qm zf/Ll/s
jf dfgl;s /f]u nflu jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] cfˆgf] kbLo bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ c;Ifd
lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f ;+zf]lwt . lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ cWofb]z, @)^@ åf/f yk eO{ lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f vf/]h . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt . 9
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ePsf] s'/f /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltaf6 7x/ ePdf k|d'v :sfp6n] lghnfO{ cfo'Qm kbaf6 x6fpg]5 . To;/L kbaf6 x6fOPdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] cfo'Qmsf] kb l/Qm x'g cfPdf afFsL cjlwsf] nflu ;f] kbdf pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L csf]{ JolQmnfO{ lgo'Qm ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/ s'g} cfo'QmnfO{ kbaf6 x6fpg' cl3 ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ df}sfaf6 a+lrt ul/g] 5}g . -#_ cfo'Qmsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!*s= g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;b:oM -!_ s'g} JolQm g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;b:o x'g lghn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5M– -s_
tf]lsPadf]lhd :sfp6 tflnd k|fKt u/]sf],
-v_
s'g} /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:otf glnPsf], /
-u_
/fhg}lts ultljlwdf ;+nUg gePsf] .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg /fli6«o
kl/ifb\,
k|b]z kl/ifb\, /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt / ;Nnfxsf/ ;efdf ;+:yfut
k|ltlglwTj ug{nfO{ ;f] v08sf] Joj:yfn] s'g} afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . -#_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] ;b:o ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . !(=
;lrj M -!_ ;lrj g]kfn :sfp6sf] k"/f ;do sfd ug]{ kbflwsf/L x'g]5 .
-@_ ;lrjsf] lgo'lQm /fli6«o kl/ifb\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿Wo]af6 tf]lsPadf]lhd
ul/g]5 . -#_ ;lrjsf] kbfjlw rf/ jif{sf] x'g]5 . -$_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\, /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt / k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] /]vb]vdf ;lrjn] g]kfn :sfp6sf] sfd ug]{5 . -%_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\ / /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug{' u/fpg' ;lrjsf] cleef/f x'g]5 .
klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f yk . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% åf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
10
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-^_ ;lrjsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . -&_ ;lrjsf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
@)=
sd{rf/L ;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ g]kfn :sfp6df cfjZstf cg';f/ sd{rf/Lx¿ /xg] 5g\ . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] b/aGbL, of]Uotf, kfl/>lds / ;]jfsf] zt{ tyf ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
@!=
g]kfn :sfp6sf] sf]ifM -!_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] Pp6f 5'§} sf]if x'g]5 / ;f] sf]ifdf b]xfosf /sdx¿ /xg]5g\ M– -s_
g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt /sd,
-v_
cGt{/fli6«o ;+3, ;+:yf, ljb]zL ;/sf/ jf Ph]G;Laf6 k|fKt /sd,
-u_
s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfn] rGbf jf ;xfotf :j¿k k|bfg u/]sf] /sd,
-3_
;b:otf z'Nsaf6 k|fKt /sd, /
-ª_
cGo s'g} ;|f]taf6 k|fKt /sd .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd g]kfn :sfp6n] s'g} /sd k|fKt ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -#_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] sf]ifdf /xg] /sd g]kfn
========= leqsf] s'g} a}+sdf vftf
vf]nL hDdf ul/g]5 / vftfsf] ;~rfng tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . -$_ g]kfn :sfp6åf/f ul/g] ;a} vr{x¿ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifaf6 Joxf]l/g] 5 .
@@=
n]vf / n]vfk/LIf0f M -!_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] cfo–Joosf] n]vf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd /flvg]5 . -@_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] n]vfk/LIf0f /fli6«o kl/ifb\af6 lgo'Qm n]vfk/LIfsaf6 x'g]5 .
u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]w ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f lemlsPsf] . 11
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@#=
jflif{s k|ltj]bg k]z ug{'kg]{M k|d'v :sfp6n] g]kfn :sfp6sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg ;+/Ifs ;dIf k]z ug{'kg]{5 .
@$= ;ldlt, pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nL u7g ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ g]kfn :sfp6sf] p2]Zo k"lt{sf] nflu /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltn] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;ldlt, pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nL u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u7g x'g] ;ldlt, pk;ldlt jf sfo{6f]nLsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldltn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@%=
clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg M -!_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\n] of] P]g jf o; cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ s]xL clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt, k|d'v cfo'Qm jf ;lrjnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt, k|d'v cfo'Qm jf ;lrjn] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ s]xL clwsf/ s'g} lgsfo jf kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .
@^=
g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu ;Dks{M g]kfn :sfp6n] g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu ;Dks{ /fVbf o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfno dfkm{t /fVg]5 .
@&=
lgod agfpg] clwsf/M of] P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ /fli6«o kl/ifb\n] cfjZos lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 .
@*=
arfp M -!_ of] P]g nfu" x'g' cl3 g]kfn :sfp6sf] gfdaf6 eP u/]sf ;a} sfd sf/afxL o;} P]g adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 . -@_ /fli6«o kl/ifb\ / /fli6«o sfo{sf/L ;ldlt u7g geP;Ddsf] nflu pQm kl/ifb\x¿n] ug{' kg]{ sfd sf/afxL of] P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sfod /x]sf] g]kfn :sfp6sf] sfo{sf/L ;ldltn] ug]{5 .
b|i6JoM g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% åf/f P]gsf] 7fpF 7fpFdf /x]sf ælzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqfnoæ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æo'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfnoæ eGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .
12