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Chapter 3: Physical and Biotic factors The total area of the Sm Subcatchment is 35084 Ha. This area has varied landforms,Forest types,Rainfall patterns,Agroecological zones and Soil types. This chapter gives a brief account of the Sm Subcatchment.
85% of Sm subcatchment is covered by the Himalayan moist temperate forest while only 15% area is covered by the Subtropical pine forests. 3. Rainfall
1. Landforms It is observed that the entire area (100%) of the Sm Subcatchment is covered by steep to very steep high hills of Lesser Himalayas. Thus the landform pattern in this Subcatchment is uniform. 2. Forest types The forest types of the Sm Subcatchment have been represented in the pie diagram. It is observed that the area under Sm Subcatchment has 2 types of forests viz Himalayan moist temperate forest and Sub-tropical pine forest. It is evident that
A graphical representation of the various rainfall intensities shows that the total area of Sm Sub catchment is 35084 Ha of which 61% area receives rainfall in the range of 1000-1500mm. It is also evident that 24% area receive rainfall between 750-1000mm and 15% receives 1500-2000 mm of rainfall. 4. Agro-ecological zones Agro-ecological zone that is present in the Sm Sub catchment is described as Warm, Perhumid, Lesser Himalayas with 270-300 days LGP. It is observed that this Agro-ecological zone is spread uniformly and covers 100% area of the Sm Sub-catchment.
Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
Volume: IX Chapter: 3 Page No:
5. Soil types The soil types present in the Sm Sub-catchment are quite varied.It is observed that the entire Sub-catchment has 9-10 different types of soils. The pie diagram drawn below shows the distribution of soil types in the Sm Sub-catchment. Note: The name of each soil types being very descriptive, we have denoted them as Soil types units. This nomenclature is used in the above graph and also in the further explanation. The description of the soil types is presented in the table 1. The Soil type 55 covers the maximum i.e 46% area of the Subcatchment. This is followed by Soil type 49 and Soil type 43 which cover 26% and 13% area respectively. The Soil types 27 and Soil type 29 cover 8% and 3% area respectively. The soil type 60, soil type 64, soil type 34 and soil type 37 each cover merely 1% of the total area of the Sm Subcatchment. Table 1:Soil type description
Comprehensive CAT Plan of Satluj River Basin
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