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WHO WAS THE ARTIST WHO PAINTED THIS PHYSIOGNOMY? Let the reader dwell upon this
royal, and at the same time
physiognomy of the Most Holy Virgin. Her bearing is majestic,
maternal and accessible. Her fore head shines with a superior in
telligence; her enchanting nose has a firm outline; her well cut lips show decision; her black hair is
characteristic of a Latin Ameri can lady. Her high eyebrows serve as a frame for black, penetra
ting eyes that appear to scruti nize the deepest recesses ofthe soul
of the one gazing at her. At the same time, they reveal the gran
deur of She who is the Spouse of the Holy Ghost. Everything in the picture is well proportioned, dis playing a superior equilibrium. The Child Jesus holds a string,
appearing to entertain himself with it so that the earnest atten
tion of the viewer will be turned
Is
nfm
to the Mediatrix ofAll Graces. Who could have painted this masterly work of art? In what famous museum might one expect to find it. It was painted not by a com mon artist, but by a celestial hand,
perhaps of an Angel. The artist chose as his canvas the brute rocks
of a ravine in Colombia, n<
e
town of Ipiales. The rocks uave been so deeply penetrated by the
mysterious paint that even if one scrapes or makes profound cuts in the stone, the colors and nuances remain the same.
This miraculous work of art was discovered around the middle
of the eighteenth century. It is a stupendous, permanent miracle that can be observed in Las Lajas (the rocks), the Sanctuary which contains this masterwork of the celestial artist. (See page 2.)
O^usabe For » Chrastian Civilization Volume 10, Number 2
April—June 1980
Our Lady of Las Lajas, a Permanent Miracle
Estate of Our Lady of Good Success Celebrates an Extraordinary Publishing Event: Revolution and Counter-revolution
EDITOR: John Hart ASSOCIATE EDITORS:
Thomas Bell
Eugene Kenyon Murillo Galliez
PHOTOGRAPHY:
Edward Thompson Preston Noeil
The Counter-revolution on the March CIRCULATION DIRECTOR:
Text of the Telegram of the American TFP to President Carter on Cuba
Text of the Telegram of the TFP's to John Paul II on Cuba
Gerald Campbell FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS:
London: Jules C. Ubbelohde Paris: Guy de Ridder Rome: Ronaldo Bacelli
Madrid: Jose Luis de Zayas The Marvelous and the Real
in the Formation of Children
Montreal: Michel Renaud
Sao Paulo: Jose Lucio A. Correa
Buenos Aires: Jorge M. Storni Bitter Fruits of Sex Education
Caracas: Pedro Morazzani
Santiago: Jose A. Ureta
The Ecclesiastical Magisterium on Sex Education
Montevideo: Raul de Corral
Bogota: Julio Hurtado Quito: Juan M. Montes
The Child As a Battleground
La Paz; Julio Bonilla
The Swedish Paradise: a
Shattered Myth
Picturesque and the Real in Daily Life Sister Anuarita of Bafwabaka; a
Mary Goretti of Central Africa Communists to Celebrate Luther Enter Seville
Crusade for a Christian Civilization, P. 0. Box 176, Pleasantville, New York 10570.
Issued quarterly. Subscription (six issues); U.S.A. $9.50, Foreign $10.50 (Europe by Air Mail $17,00). When changing your address, please send both new and old addresses. Some back issues available; descriptive price lists available upon request.
OUR COVER; Our Lady of Las Lajas
Our Lady of Las Lajas. a Permanent Miracle The merciful predilection of the Mother of God for Latin America is
a token of the reward She has given for a herioc faith formed in the Iberian
Peninsula during 800 years of struggle against the invading Moors and which
With trepidation, she entered the darkness of the grotto, invoking the Virgin of the Rosary. Suddenly, she felt
A few days later, returning by the
someone tapping at her back, as though calling her. Frightened, she fled back
same route, she once again reached the cliffs of Las Lajas, carrying on her back her little daughter Rosa, who was deaf-mute by birth. Having become
into the storm.
very tired, Maria Mueses de Quinones
found in the souls of the Latin Ameri
can peoples a vessel in which Divine Providence willed to deposit it. There is no nation from Mexico to
Patagonia that has failed to receive special favors from Our Lady. However, her interventions did not occur in just any manner. She presented herself with unheard of magnificence and splendor, making it clear that she came to preside
over the history of Latin America from on high. THE HISTORY OF A PREDILECTION
As an example of this magnificence, consider how the Most Holy Virgin has
stamped her image on the imposing cliffs of the Guaitara Canyon (today
Colombian territory), thereby becoming Queen of the souls in that region and
in all adjacent lands. The instrument that Our Lady chose to manifest her maternal solicitude for
these people was asimple Indian woman. Everything happened in a most unex pected and marvelous way. Maria Muese de Quinones, a des cendant of the Indian chiefs of Potosi,
was going from the town of Ipiales to her lands when she was caught in a great storm. At Las Lajas, she had to take refuge in a grotto. However, she was tormented within herself, not only
because of the uncertainties produced by the storm but also because there was a popular legend which said the devil was the lord and owner of that place. 2 CRUSADE
The image of Our Lady of Las Lajas with the Child Jesus was miraculously printed on the rock, along with Saint Dominic (left) and Saint Francis of Assisi (right).
sat down to rest — not without fear —
on a stone near the grotto. Then the first miracle occurred. The
deaf-mute child suddenly spoke:"Mom
my, look at the mestiza who has de tached herself from the rock with a
The facts having been verified, the
neither the roaring waters nor the steep
tion of the people and the graces from Heaven continues to this day. Behold the history of the alliance between Our Lady of Las Lajas and the devotees
ness of the rocks. Rising upward with
little boy in her arms and two little
of those lands, an alliance sealed with-an
mestizos at her side!" With this ex
enormous quantity of thanksgiving slabs
clamation, Rosa slid off her mother's
that now cover the rocks adjacent to
back to climb up the stones of the grotto.
the sanctuary built in that privileged
Struck with terror, Maria took her
place.
daughter and fled from the mysterious THE SANCTUARY:"SHE
place.
There
was general^ bewilderment
among Maria's acquaintances in the small village of Potosi when she told them what had happened. Thirsting for the supernatural, the Indians listened to her, asked her many questions, and commented among themselves about the singular event. In the meantime, Ros^ disappeared, causing her mother great concern. Maria searched and searched, but she
INSPIRED THE PROJECT" When a traveler enters Narino (a
Colombian state bordering Ecuador), he discovers the quintessence of Colom bia. Its mountain ranges are garbed in cliffs of nuanced colors. In its blue skies,
winds play with the white clouds with out ever repeating the spectacular pat terns that they form. In its villages, its towns, and its fields where the words
was vn?ble to find her. Then she re
of eternal life uttered by Blessed Eze-
membered the episode at the grotto,
chiel Moreno Diaz still echo, one en
and returned there to look for her.
counters the defined and penetrating Catholic tonus of its people, who re
She found her daughter kneeling at the feet of the Virgin, who had be side her Saint Francis and Saint Domin
ic. No longer afraid, Maria also knelt down and venerated Our Lady. News of the episode soon reached Potosi, and Maria's friends there began to come to
venerate the "Mestiza"
imprinted on the rock of the grotto. * * *
Shortly thereafter. Our Lady per formed a spectacular miracle which
prompted the news of the marvelous presence to spread throughout the rocky banks of the Guaitara River. Unexpectedly, Rosa died. Her af flicted mother carried her body in her arms to the grotto in order to beg the Virgin for help. Reminding her of Rosa's solicitude in bringing her candles and flowers, she begged Our Lady to bring her back to life. In answer to her prayers, the Queen of Heaven and
Earth performed the miracle of the resurrection of the child.
Maria told her employers in the town
of Ipiales about the extraordinary event. Moved by the news, they went with priests and distinguished persons of the town to the site of the apparition.
deepest part of the abyss, fearing
marvelous union between the venera
flect its history resplendent with gold en pages of faith and heroism. The at mosphere is rich in imponderables, making us sail, so to speak, through a singular blessing. It is as though one's soul is touching the divine, when one's fascinated eyes see — as in an explosion of splendor — one of the stone towers rising from the depths of the abyss. It is in this setting that one finds the
sanctuary built in Konor of Our Lady of Las Lajas. How did they manage to build such
a stupendous monument in a spot so wild and inhospitable? "...We now have to erect, for the Great Lady, a
spacious and beautiful church. But where? In the air, if I can express
myself in this way. How? With the help of Our Lady of Las Lajas. She has in spired this project. These words were uttered in August
of 1899 by Blessed Ezechiel Moreno, at that time Bishop of Pasto, the
capital of Narino. They were sufficient to inflame the faith and daring of Colombians.
In this way, a flower of stone sprung up before the eyes, blossoming from the
the class characteristic of the harmoni
ous g'othic style, the tip of its spires places one in the perspective of infinity.' In this place where God seems to have affixed his Signature to the crea
tion, peace and recollection reign. The pilgrim feels this even before en tering the site where the miracle oc curred. There is a profound silence melodiously interrupted by the sounds, of water spectacularly plunging from a high rock to the torrents of the Guai tara River. Innumerable pigeons fly in circles, delighting themselves with the silver foam spreading from their feathers. Once in a while they fly into the church, around the gothic arches, to land on the heads of the columns. Their cooing
is accompanied by the flickering of the flames of the candles and the soft
murmer issuing from the lips of those praying. Sun rays filter through the stained-glass windows multiplying their effects through the whole nave. In the background, the celestial gaze of the
Lady emanates from the stone, ab sorbing every other reality.
IN THE EYES OF THE QUEEN, THE TRUE AND AUTHENTIC LATIN AMERICA
In the course of the two thousand
years in which the Church has spread throughout the world, artists have frequently shaped the physiognomy of Our Lady according to the physiral type of the women of their time
region. This has happened in paintings, sculpture, stained-glass windows, etc. The most ancient statues of her at
test to this fact. In the remote days of the Church, physiognomies of a Medi terranean type prevailed. As the Cathol
ic Religion spread among the Nordic peoples, blonde and blue-eyed repre sentations of Our Lady appeared. The modelling of images according to the physiognomic type of the people that conceive them is agreeable to Our Lady. This is proved by the fact that
the Most Holy Virgin respects such a rule when She impresses her image on CRUSADE 3
between Mother and Son. Normally
American people, heeding their suppli cations, orienting and commanding
their images present them gazing at each
them. Meanwhile, the Child enters the
translate what is said into a painting
other, but not in Las Lajas. They are so accustomed to being together that they
feet of the Queen â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a Queen who
or work of sculpture. In Central America, for example,
have no need to look at each other in order to sustain their mutual attention.
alted that She moves us to trust her
Our Lady of Guadalupe has stamped an image of herself having the traits
She directs her eyes toward the Latin
entirely.
some material object in order to per petuate the memory of an apparition or when She appears to a seer who later describes
of a
her to an artist who will
It is curious to note the relation
intimacy of those who arrive at the displays in her gaze a kindness so ex
Mexican on the mantle of the
Indian Juan Diego. There She can be seen stepping on the moon and ob scuring the sun, which is behind her. The sun and the moon were worshipped by the Aztecs as gods. The sight of this powerful lady overcoming their idols was decisive in the conversion of the Mexican Indians.
Our Lady of Las Lajas in Colombia is an analogous miracle. There God performed the prodigy of printing the figure of His Mother on a rock. Who can deny the thick supernatural at mosphere characteristic of images painted by the Angels? As limited as one's sense of obser
vation may be, one cannot fail to ex claim upon seeing her: "How Latin American She is!" Something very es
sential, a reflection of the qualities and
virtues
of
the
Latin
American
? â&#x20AC;˘ I-.
people, is expressed in Our Lady of Las Lajas. But what does her physiognomy tells us?
Let us go on a pilgrimage inside it. We find a great personality, the pro
I
found and intelligent gaze of a medi tating and recollected person. She has
an extraordinary stability and solidity,
m
a continuity of will and temperament.
Her calm reminds one of the phrase "Beautiful Lady of the rocks and of the situations." Nothing shakes or agi tates her. There is no arrogance or os tentation in her, but rather the domin
ion of one who is accustomed to having her will obeyed. She is more regal than
many images of Mary. She could not have a better mantle than her long, abundant, and beautiful hair. The color and
richness of her dress are those
of a Queen.
She is extremely kind and mother ly. How the Child Jesus feels good in her arms! What throne could be more
worthy of Him? He is almost at play, with the liberty of a child. 4 CRUSADE
The Sanctuary of Las Lajas offers a grand sight, like a flower of stone which has sprung up in the abyss.
Estate of Our Lady of Good Success Celebrates an Extraordinary Publishing Event: REVOLUTION AND COUNTER-REVOLUTION A reception celebrating the publica tion of a new, enlarged edition of Revolution and Counter-Revolution by Prof. Plinio
Correa
de
Oliveira
was
held at the Estate of Our Lady of Good Success in Bedford, New York on May 24, 1980.
The book has just been published in paperback by the Foundation for a Christian Civilization, which offers this edition
of Revolution
and
Counter-
revohition to Our Lady of Fatima.
♦♦♦ The present edition is the second one to be published in the United States. The third part of Revolution and Counter-revolution is presented to
the North American public for the first time with this edition. The author of this work is the dis
tinguished Brazilian Catholic professor of contemporary history at the Cath olic Pontifical University of Sao Paulo — Prof. Plinio Correa de Oliveira.
the years, he has written a numbt widely acclaimed works, some of whn.ii have received significant ecclesiastical approbation. During the twenty years of its ex istence, Revolution and Counterrevolu
tion has gone through a number of edi tions in various languages: Portuguese,
Italian, Spanish, French, and English.
REVOLUTION AND
COUNTER-REVOLUTION
Its influence has been felt from Canada
to Argentina in this hemisphere, throughout Europe, and in the Orient. The book unmasks the features of
the Revolution which has fomented the
great crises shaking the West. It charac terizes the Revolution as universal,
one, total, dominant, and processive. It describes the roots of the Revolution, New, enlarged edition o/Revolution and Counter-revolution.
its essence, its march, and its metaCRUSADE 5
morphoses. It also depicts the features of the Counter-revolution, and shows how it can defeat the Revolution.
This book provides the basis for a truly global view of world affairs which places the historic destiny of the nation in focus, making possible a continual strengthening of the national will in the face of the onslaughts of Commun-
♦ 4? In his preface to this edition, the author states:
. .Providence had the
right to expect the West to mobilize its immense cultural, technical, and eco
nomic superiority in order to oblige Communism to carry out successive withdrawals that could even lead to
the liberation of the Russian people. However, no decisive aid ever came from Western nations to free the Rus
sian people from the prison-state that extends from the Iron Curtain to the
vast regions of Asia. "One day History will judge this inertia with severity and question the
Western peoples for not having made use of every means to relieve their op pressed brothers. "I would like to stress, moreover,
that the expression 'inertia' does not sum up the whole reality. "The censurable capitulation at Yalta and the purely verbal — and only limitedly efficacious — quarrel of the cold war has indeed been succeeded by a no less censurable inertia. And this in ertia is all the more censurable be
cause of its being negligent and good humored. It influenced the West during
the period called the 'peaceful co existence.' Later, however, came some
thing even more grave: the period of 'detente' in which the United States and the richest nations of the West ob
Professor Plinio Correa de Oliveira, the author o/Revolution and Counter-revolution.
stinately sent to Russia capital, plants, know-how, technicians, and so on.
"While the Russian giant fed him
everything possible to prepare the de
Vietnam, Mozambique, Angola (all in 1975) and more recently Afghanistan
struction of the latter. Military superi
(1978).
self on the riches of the West, he did
ority, which the West should have capit alized on during the post-war period in order to oblige Russia to refrain from its arms race and to renounce its world
wide ideological and political imperial ism, has — so to speak — stopped its
ages other conquests, and it does so
states in his preface to this edition; "After the launching of Revolution and
Counterrevolution
in
1959, I
with redoubled emphasis. This is what the history of all imperialism teaches. "Everyone knows that today Soviet
founded in 1960 with a group of
imperialism is more enterprising than
young at the time — the Brazilian Society for the Defense of Tradition.
friends — some of whom were very
Family and Property. ...
this deterioration was occurring, Russia
6 CRUSADE
TFP's and associated entities.
As Prof. 'Plinio Correa de Oliveira
"Each successful conquest encour
progress and begun to wither. While extended its conquests to the high point at which they are found today. As the Kremlin leaders sat at the negotiating table in the seemingly pacifistic atmos phere of 'detente,'Russia successively conquered Ethiopia (1974), Cambodia,
societies that developed from it: the
Indeed, the Communists hoped that South America would prove to be the soft underbelly of the United States, and worked out a plan for it. However, they ran into a strong barrier: Revolu tion and
Counterrevolution and
the
"This
ideal
immediately
spread
throughout South America, attracting the enthusiasm of youths in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Bolivia. . ..
"Naturally, the combativity of the
TFP's immediately directed itself against
It is not surprising that Revolution
organized and declared Communism.
and
Nevertheless, the TFP's foresaw that
claimed by distinguished theologians, philosophers, editors, writers, and public figures from around,the world. Fernand Serrano Misas, a Spanish editor,
the guerillas spread by Cuba in South
America would soon miserably disap pear for lack of logistical support from the rural populations, as has actually happened. They also foresaw that Communism was far from being able to reach power in any government through a majority in the polls, a prevision
that was entirely and meticulously con firmed by the facts. Accordingly, the TFP's understood that the red danger
would seek to advance by another path and that it was necessary to block that path. Let me explain myself. "Within the profoundly traditional
Counter-revolution
has
been
ac
stated that "it is of the caliber of an
encyclical." And the American editor and author, John Steinbacher, called it
"the most important document ever written, short of the Bible, since it spells out clearly and unequivocally exactly how Christian Civilization can be saved
by this generation." The book has been praised and rec ommended by Archbishop Romolo Carboni, Apostolic Nuncio to Peru, in 1961 in a letter to the author. In
tinent, Communism could not limit it
1973, this same high ecclesiastical personage, writing to Mr. Giovanni
self to making its propaganda openly.
Cantoni, called the work "truly useful."
and Catholic population of our con If it were to have done so, it would
In addition. Revolution and Counter
have closed many doors to the Com munists. Therefore, their propaganda had to advance mainly in a veiled fash
revolution has been praised by the late Eugene Cardinal Tisserant, the late Thomas Cardinal Tien, Bishop Victor Keuppens, Dean Ettiene Catta, and
ion by developing a crypto-commun-
many others.
have encountered a reaction that would
ist brand of socialism in the midst of
various non-communist groups and social classes. From there, they sought to make the public familiar with left
^
ist ideas and to make it less fearful of
the piinciples of the red sect. Only
The various editions of Revolution
through this achievement could open
and Counter-revolution, beginning with
and declared Communism be given the
the first one, have concluded
possibility of existing.
these words: "We do not have the slight est doubt in our heart about any one of
"The
mentors of the
communist
with
Revolution expected this crypto-com-
the theses that constitute it. Neverthe
Our Lady of Fatima, to whom this
munism and the crowds of 'useful in
less, we subject them all, unrestrictedly, to the judgment of the Vicar of Christ, disposed to renounce immediately any
edition is dedicated.
one of them if it should separate itself
even slightly from the Holy Church,
progressives and anti-communists, and these two opposing factions confront
Our Mother, the Arc of Salvation and
each other.
nocents' supporting it to gradually mod ify pari passu the structure of society and of ecoiKimy through socializing reforms in such a way as increasingly to transform present-day society, which is based on private property, into a collectivistic society. "The TFP's set out to
denounce
the Gate of Heaven."
Commenting on this statement, the publisher of the present edition af
this whole game and thus block the way
firms in his foreword to it: "Twenty
to
years have passed since this statement
such
an insidious form
of com
was first published. In the meantime,
munist advance. . . .
if if if "Such a terrible state of affairs is of first concern to Catholics. A' â&#x20AC;˘ "f-
"In summation, we can say that if
Revohttion and Counter-revolution has
it were not for the existence of the
TFP's, perhaps the tactic of cryptocommunism would have already subju
been amply and freely spread through out the Western world, without any of its theses receiving any challenge from
gated the whole of South America for
the supreme Magisterium of the Church.
social doctrine. As an obstacle, the
Moscow. And
This fact adds further weight to the impressive approbations cited above.
Church can pursue its mission of salva
the
South
Atlantic,
where the Communists have already made so many advances in
Africa,
"To
this must be added another
ficacious weapon against this ii .1 enemy, Revolution and Counter-revolu tion poses the counter-revolutionary wisdom of the Church and its luminous Revolution must be removed so that the tion unfettered.
wouW now be a communist lake. Such
fact of great gravity. In the third part
"But it is also of concern to all men
a condition would produce internation al consequences that are easy to evaluate.
of the present work, the author states:
of good will, not only because of the
..the center, the most sensitive and
influence of the policy of the Church
truly decisive point of the fight between
over the course of nations but also be
cundity of the action born of this book,
Revolution and Counter-revolution has
cause of the extent to which the temp
an action continuously inspired by it
moved from temporal society to the spiritual society. .It has come to be the Holy Church. Within its fabric, there are, on the one side, the progressives,
the same enemy. Men who seek the
"All of this shows very well the fe
and aimed at the realization of the
goals that it indicates."
if if if
crypto-communists, and pro-commun ists, and on the other side, the anti-
oral society has been undermined by most
effective
methods of combat
against it will welcome a book that
provides all of the principles needed for the struggle." CRUSADE 7
THE COUNTER REVOLUTION ON THE
THE NICARAGUAIZATION OF a technical and humane it THE NICARAGUAIZATION OF BRAZIL BLOCKED BY A
1111 A D^^LI
TIMELY MANIFESTO
The message points t
The message points out that "...
TIMELY MANIFESTO
I wl A'% Discerning that crypto-communist elements in the Church in Brazil were
fanning class struggle, the Brazilian In the words of Prof. Plinio Correa
a technical and humane in vestigation of what is really happening there. tl
de Oliveira "...the Counter-revolution
Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property did not choose to
is in the literal sense of the word a "re
stand idly by.
action." That is to say, it is an action
directed against another action....
for every every desperate desperate person persor who manages to flee there are many others equally
desperate, who do not flee simply be cause they cannot....
"All that happened so far is much more meaninggful than the most perfect public opinion poll, however impartial, well-equipped and specialized the poll ster might be....
this character of reaction
. IT IS NOT ONLY A QUESTION
comes all the nobleness and importance
OF 10,000 PEOPLE WE ARE TALK
of the Counter-revolution. In effect,
ING ABOUT. THE ENTIRE CUBAN
"From
if it is the Revolution that is killing us,
there is nothing more indispensable than a reaction that aims to crush it. To be
adverse in principle to a counter-revolu
tionary reaction is the same as to wish to hand the world over to the dominion of the Revolution. ...
Counter-revolution so considered is not and cannot be a movement in the clouds
that fights against phantoms. It has to be the Counter-revolution of the twenti
eth century, carried out against the Revolution as it is in fact today. . .. The Counter-revolution is' not, therefore, a
mere retrospective review of the evil deeds of the Revolution in the past, but an effort to bar its course in the
present." {Revolution and Counter revolution, pages 85-86). It is according to logic, then, that as
the Revolution is opposed to Christian Civilization and the Natural Law, those who would defeat the Revolution must
do so by affirming the principles of Christian Civilization and the Natural
Law. It is also according to logic that as the Revolution is global, acting over all nations and all men, the Counter
of
In this essay, we will consider the action
of the Counter-revolution in
three nations: Brazil, the United States,
and Spain. And we will see how at the very moment of the debacle in Iran the Counter-revolution can be seen To be on the march.
Nicaraguaization of Brazil blocked
Oliveira, president of the National Council of the Society, published a
timely manifesto to clarify the issue. The document, which appeared in the Brazilian press, reviewed the social doctrine of the Catholic Church in
"It is necessary to add that the
revolution must also, by way reaction, manifest itself universally.
Accordingly, Prof. Plinio Correa de
respect to the workers, affirming their right to strike for a just wage when no other recourse was open to them, their entitlement to a minimum wage, etc. At the same time, the document
demonstrated with the utmost clarity
that the attempt of the CNBB to widen the
strike
standard
to
other
communist
workers
was a
tactic
which
aimed at the Nicaraguaization of Brazil. With the publication of this serene and noble document, the strike was
quickly resolved and tranquility re turned to the Brazilian people.
NATION â&#x20AC;&#x201D; if you would allow us to
repeat, Mr. President â&#x20AC;&#x201D; IS BEING TORTURED, AND, IT IS THE NA TION AS A WHOLE WHICH MUST BE KEPT IN MIND."
Against this background of reality representatives of the American TFP had
a scheduled interview
with
Mr.
Richard Graham, Special Assistant for
Human Rights (Central American and Caribbean area). During the interview at Mr. Graham's office in the State
Department, the American TFP pre sented the Special Assistant with a copy of the original telegram to Car ter, expressing their wish that an answer would soon be forthcoming from the White House.
THE TFP's ASK JOHN PAUL II TO SHOW "COMPASSION
FOR POOR CUBA"
THE AMERICAN TFP ASKS CARTER TO CALL AMERICAS TOGETHER FOR HUMANE INVESTIGATION OF CUBA As an
estimated
10,000 Cubans
crowded the Peruvian and Venezuelan
embassies in Havana seeking political
asylum, the American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property (TFP) asked President Carter to call upon all governments of the Americas to support jointly a demand that Cuba grant free entry to a com mission of experts that would carry out
A telegram has been sent by Prof. Plinio Correa de Oliveira to His Holi
ness John Paul II imploring him to express, in an address to the world, "pastoral compassion for poor Cuba, the victim of the most sinister tyranny ever to exist on the vast American continent." The TFP's and associated entities in the different nations of the
world immediately made themselves co signers of the message, which says in part:
"Indeed, Most Holy Father, if the
(Continued on page II)
Telegram of TF^ v© Carter calls for humane
investigation of Cuba
nXT OF THE TELEGRAM OF THE AMERICAN TFP TO PRESIDENT CARTER ON CUBA The various incidents of refugees
attitude we take toward Cuba could
BEING TORTURED, AND, IT IS
seeking asylum in the Peruvian and Venezuelan embassies in Havana for
reinforce or shake our credibility with all the countries and peoples
THE NATION AS A WHOLE WHICH MUST BE KEPT IN MIND.
many weeks now are symptomatic
of the Americas, whose immense
The question as to how far we
of an acute spiritual and material malaise affecting sectors of the Cuban population. Those so af
majority feel united to the Cuban people by religious, historical, and
should go in Cuba, which in the
fected could be a majority of the people, a considerable minority or
ethnic
links
that we
must con
sider if we are not to err very gravely.
even a small one. But the fact is
that they are forced to do so by an extreme degree of isolation, oppression, and misery. The situa tion is such as to trouble and shock
our generous American people, awakening noble impulses of fel lowship and concern. The gravity of this situation became dramatically clear in the
last few days when the tyrant — Fidel Castro — taking an appar ently liberal attitude which he has obstinately avoided for a long time now, gave permission for all those who are discontented to leave the beautiful island he has turned
into the greatest prison in the his tory of the Americas. Discontent
runs so high that, in just a few hours, some 10,000 Cubans sought asylum in the Peruvian embassy alone. When we consider these facts,
we must remember that, in general, for every desperate person who manages to flee there are many others equally desperate, who do
Your Administration has, in fact, carried on a continuous action in the Latin American countries to eliminate or soften the dicta
torial regimes established in many of them. Freeing peoples from op pressive governments was the prin ciple invoked with missionary-like zeal for
this manifold and insis
rigor of logic flashes in the mind of every aware American, leads us to present you with a suggestion. A suggestion, by the way, as moder
ate as it could be in view of your previous actions. It is that the United States call on all the govern
ments of the Americas to support us in a demand that Cuba grant
free entry to experts enjoying the
confidence of the public in the three Americas. Having free access
to the unfortunate island, they would be able to carry out there a
tent action. Although this policy was applauded bv broad sectors of Latin American opinion, none of them gave it more outstanding
free, wide-ranging, technical and hu mane investigation of what really
support than the Communists and
ways to prevent their recurrence.
happened there so that the world may know the facts and look for
their fellow travelers, that is, the
We do not foresee that those in
sectors most influenced by the worst enemies of our country.
power in Cuba can comfortably appeal to the only principle in
Sensational and scandalous evi dence of the existence of an inhu
this measure, the principle of non
mane and tyrannical police state
intervention. In fact, their notori
now surfaces in Cuba. All the dis
ous intervention in the Caribbean
orders the U.S. Government alleges for its political interventions in Central and South
America seem
petty in comparison to it. As you
whose
and
name
Central
they
could
America
and
resist
their
continuous relationship with all the communist parties in South Ameri ca make Cuba a force of permanent
have alleged — not without rea son — there are indeed, in many
intervention in all of these areas.
not flee simply because they can not. So, there
innumerable
instances, serious cases of oppres
Cubans unable to flee who deeply yearn for a change in their situ
sion, moral or physical torture in
themselves boast of having inter vened in Africa. They officially abandoned the principle of non intervention and affirmed a right to send an expeditionary force to far
are
those countries. In Cuba, however,
ation.
the facts show that it is not merely
All that has happened so far is much more meaningful than the
a question of serious cases. The
most perfect public opinion poll, however impartial, well-equipped,
whole nation feels morally and physically tortured and oppressed. Therefore, a question arises: If we
and specialized the pollster might be.
did so much to alleviate individu
Thus, our people unexpectedly find themselves facing a situation
al situations, how much more should
that is not only troubling but also
a whole country? Certainly, it was noble of you to open our doors to the Cuban
dramatic to the highest degree. This puts your Administration, if you permit us to say so, in a
we do to alleviate the situation of
away Africa to free the overseas
Portuguese provinces from alleged abuses of authority by their mother •country. We do not believe that those who control Cuba can invoke the
principle of non-intervention in re lation to the present scandal in
credibility of American intentions
suppressed by practical difficulties
toward other countries.
Havana without losing credibility in the eyes of world opinion. This loss of credibility is the terrible price
that now arise. For such difficul
they would have to pay for their
ties are small in comparison to the
contradiction. But what a terrible
juncture
which tests the whole
This credibility has already suf fered considerable damage among
refugees. The hope thus raised in those unfortunate people cannot be
Furthermore, the Cuban leaders
extent of the resources that Provi
price we will have to pay for our
dence has granted us. BUT IT IS
contradiction, Mr. President, if this
States in the Near East and the
NOT ONLY A QUESTION OF
Middle East Uecause of the un
10,000 PEOPLE WE ARE TALK
expectedness of the diplomatic
ING ABOUT. THE ENTIRE CU
moves by which we change our policies and friends. The kind of
time we abstain from intervening in Cuba after such a long and tedi ously wordy series of interventions
BAN NATION — if you allow us
in other countries of this hemi
to repeat, Mr. President — IS
sphere. In these nations we have
the nations friendly to the United
CRUSADE 9
To John Paul 11: "Compassion ior Poor Cuba"
put out certain fires. In Cuba, are we going to let them burn the
with your Administration. We are moved, not by any political de
fully suggesting that you take a
whole house down and go unpun
signs of our own, but by an impulse of our Christian and patriotic hearts in the face of a situation distressing to us and certainly to millions of
to express our wholehearted wish for unity with our country's au thorities. Please accept, Mr. Presi dent, our respects and best wishes for success to the advantage of
ished?
We ask you, Mr. President, to see in these arguments and this suggestion a desire to collaborate
other Americans as well.
By appealing to you, respect
path we earnestly desire, we mean
Christian grandeur in America.
TEXT OF THE TELEGRAM OF THE TFP'S TO JOHH PAUL H OH CUBA The drama of the ten thousand Cubans
who have flocked into the Embassy of Peru in Havana seeking asylum, does not express only the personal anguish of each one of them, a result of the misery and oppression in which they feel submerged. The spasms and moral convulsions shaking them, equally disturb the whole population, tortured in body and soul under the whip of an atheistic and inhuman regime. Personified in the ten thousand refugees — among whom are found the ill, the aged, and children of the most tender age — the whole Cuban people stand up before the world, as though saying: Behold, from the sole of the foot unto the top of the head, there is no sound spot in me.(Is 1:6). This mute and harrowing cry of pain has certainly given rise to some categorical protests and some efforts to help the refugees. Consequently, in spite of the cold and dis concerting political and bureaucratic delays, one may expect that the personal situations of all these unfortunate refugees will be finally resolved in conformance with Natural Law and Christian charity. This, however, will by no means resolve the overall situation of the noble and unfortunate
Cuban people, who, unless they are helped urgently and efficaciously, will slide from misfortune to misfortune. In this way one must fear that, before long, they will once again turn to the contemporary world to stigmatize it as egoistic, pragmatic, and vilely cowardly in the face of problems it does not know how to resolve and duties it does not
want to fulfill. "Behold" — they will say — "we are worms, not men; we are the scorn of
men, the outcast of nations," as King David textually speaks of the Divine Redeemer (Ps. 21:7).
Indeed, Most Holy Father, if the Christian fibers of old still vibrated in the spirit of present-day man, the world-wide compassion for the victims and the indignation of all nations against the torturers would have stirred up one of those hurricanes of holy wrath which neither the power of gold and
weapons nor even the most wilily disguised and contrived political plots can resist. But to our shame, the sense of justice and dignity no longer has the strength to bring about.such regenerating and irresistible winds. In the face of the Cuban drama, only the words of Your Holiness have the necessary conditions to wake up dormant Christian energies in the whole world. Throughout the Earth, Holy Father, united to the Cuban people, their brothers in the Faith, are those who, in desolation, silence, and prayer, await those words.
The Societies for the Defense of Tradition,
Family and Property and similar entities, all of them autonomous in relation to one an
other, acting in the civil sphere and inspired by the traditional teachings of Holy Church, genuflect before Your Holiness. And i consonance with the feelings certainly going through the souls of all Catholic Cubans, implore Your Holiness to address the world expressing Your pastoral compassion for poor Cuba, the victim of the most sinister r\Tanny ever to exist on the vast American continent.
In union of soul with these Cubans muted
by brutal terror, we raise our eyes to the throne of Saint Peter and implore Your Holiness: Lord, save them, for they are per ishing (Matt. 8:25).
For them and for us we implore the apo stolic blessing.
American TFP in Miami
COUNTER-REVOLUTION
J
(Continued from page 8) Christian fibers of old still vibrated in
the spirit of present-day man, the world wide compassion for the victims and the indignation of all nations against the torturers would have stirred up one
of those hurricanes of holy wrath which neither the power of gold and weapons nor even the most wilily disguised and contrived political plots can resist. "But, to our shame, the sense of justice and dignity no longer has the
The American TFP in an interview with Richard Graham at his office in the State Department.
strength to bring about such regenera ting and irresistible winds. "In the face of the Cuban drama,
only the words of Your Holiness have the necessary conditions to wake up dormant Christian energies in the whole world. Throughout the Earth, Holy Fa
ther, united to the Cuban people, their brothers in the Faith, are those who,
in
desolation, silence, and
prayer,
await those words."
THE AMERICAN TFP GOES TO FLORIDA TO ACT IN DEFENSE OF THE CUBAN NATION
TFP distributing its message to President Carter In May, a caravan of seven members of the American TFP went to Florida
THE TFP ON CUBA
to hold a campaign in defense of the
Cuban nation. In Miami and Key West, they distributed a flyer (in Spanish and English) that contained the text of a telegram that the American TFP had
interviewing Cuban refugees in Miami. THE AMERICAN TFP SPREADS
when great catastrophies are going
NEWS OF THE LIQUEFACTION
to occur."
sent to President Carter asking him to set up a commission of experts from the Americas to investigate the real condi
OF THE BLOOD OF
tions in Cuba.
ST. PANTALEON
During their week-long action in Florida, the TFP members passed out over 9,000 of these flyers, visited all the major newspapers as well as most of the important radio and television
stations, and interviewed many of the refugees
who
had
fled
the island-
prison of Fidel Castro. The campaign of the TFP was enthu
siastically reviewed by the Cuban peo ple and had favorable repercussions in the press. In recognition of Saint Anthony Maria Claret's past apostolic endeavors
Since July 26, 1979, the blood of
Saint Pantaleon, a martyr of the fourth
century, has failed to coagulate after its usual liquefaction on his feast day. The Saint's blood remained liquid throughout World War I, the Spanish Civil War, and World War II. Only after these catastrophes had ended did it return to its normal dry state. According to Fr. Eugene Ayape in a letter published on October 13, 1979 in the Madrid daily ABC: "The blood . . .liquefies beyond thcfeastoftheSaint
The news of the liquefaction of the
blood of Saint Pantaleon is being s by the American TFP among stuOi..,,> on university campuses. The TFP is distributing a circular called "Indif
ference Is Plunging Us Into Chaos! A Timely Call to Heroism..." DIVORCE BLOCKED IN SPAIN In response to an effort to intro
duce divorce into Spain, the Spanish COvadonga Society mounted a vigorous campaign against the divorcist bill. As a result of the campaign, divorce has at this. time been blocked in Spain, a great victory for the Counter-revolution.
for the Cuban nation, the mission of
the American TFP was named, the
Saint Anthony Maria Claret Operation.
TFP spreads the news; Saint's blood still liquid!
Divorce blocked
in Spain
mi
TV-"'
THE MARVELOUS
AND THE REAL IN THE EORMATION OF CHILDREN m:rl
Today, dear reader, we enter the golden world of childhood. In this way, wc hope to please people of all ages. Let it be for older persons an occasion for nostalgic reminiscing and for those who
on the other hand, with its picturesque, calm, domestic, and friendly aspects, is essential for arousing children's in terest in reality and virtue.
are younger, an encouragement and a hope. May everyone find in it enter
h Marlborough goes to war. Easter
tainment and a source of reflection.
on the Mediterranean Sea. It sailed and
passes, the feast of the Holy Trinity too, but Marlborough doesn't return. Waiting for tidings on the top of the tower, his spouse receives the sad news: Marl borough is dead. The messenger con
sailed until its food supply came to an end. Looking for a way to avoid starving
soles her, however, by explaining that the whole army had seen the hero's
Premier Livre de Chansons ("My First
to death, the crew cast lots to deter
soul gloriously entering Heaven.
Book of Songs") a beautiful book of ancient French children songs published by Larousse in Paris in 1962.
mine who among them was to be de
Yes, today we focus on the marvel ous world of children, where innocence
is the source of the relative happiness that man,after original sin, is allowed to enjoy in this land of exile. To do this,
we present the magnificent illustrations of Helene
Poirie contained
in
Mon
Once upon a time there was a small ship filled with children that set sail
voured. Ah, how sad! This sad lot fell to the smallest of the children. While
the
others
discussed
the
cooking details, the poor little one climbed the mast to the crow's nest of
the ship. There he knelt down and prayed: "Oh Most Holy Virgin, my Patroness, if I have sinned, forgive me quickly, but don't allow them to eat Let us observe the illustrations on
this page. At times, they evoke the sense of the marvelous in our souls; at other
moments, aspects of the daily real life. The marvelous, on the one hand, is
indispensable to the mentality of a child as a means of refining the artis tic sense, elevating the spirk, and open ing new horizons that wholesomely stimulate the imagination. Daily life. 12 CRUSADE
me!" The Most Holy Virgin heeded him and worked an outstanding mir acle: a great school of fish leapt onto the ship. The little boy was saved. The picture illustrates, with much candor, the boy's moment of affliction and the miracle. Its lesson is that the
hardships and surprises of life must be faced with a spirit of faith and con fidence in the supernatural.
One side of the picture depicts the festive atmosphere during Marlborough's departure; the knight on
parade, the drums and trumpets mark ing the cadence, the soldiers fol : in militant procession, and the people admiring and applauding, The other side of the picture shows the solemn funeral of the warrior: his weap ons being carried ceremoniously, the standards being held attentively as though in an awesome hush, the black
coffin in the background,and the hero's
soul ascending to Heaven in the figure of a dove. In the middle of the picture, deep in the background is Marlborough's castle. On the top of the tower, one can see his spouse receiving the news of her husband's death.
%nti> .-JlW;-
IW'
i t: i
Mi
m
This picture provides a vivid de piction of the beauty of military life in
This is a lesson in love for the har
Through this enchanting world, the intelligence of the child crosses the
a Christian ambience. It is an encourage
monious inequalities created by God, a lesson in how to admire, as every true
ment to heroism and an example of Christian resignation in the face of pain
Catholic does, the human dignity in any social class.
becomes acquainted with human society in all of its complexity: the differences
threshold of domestic ambiences and
that exist in it, the attractions that it
and suffering.
offers, the duties that it imposes, the
disillusionments that it brings, and the
complicated play of passions that vi
Ik
brate in it during the victories and set backs of the great struggle of human
ft
existence.
It is a struggle, yes, one which some wage in defense of their persona! in
Finally, we call attention to a scene
of high breeding and compassion such as was common in the eighteenth
These examples enable us to gauge
terests, be they legitimate or not, and
century. A beautiful lady traveling in her magnificent golden coach shows
the profound wisdom that is in this small world
which others wage for a higher end, that is, against the world, the flesh, and the
interest in and concern for the lot of
fashioned by Christian Civilization. In
devil, in order to establish on this earth
the poor, hard-working peasant talking
it we find what the French call "lecon
the Kingdom of Our Lord Jesus Christ
to her.
des choses"("the lesson of things").
and of His Holy Mother.
of children when it is
The scene is diametrically opposed to the bitter and rebellious mentality of a Marxist, who would find in it only
reasons for fomenting class warfare, for the picture shows clearly the suave har
mony that exists in the conversation of /-i
the two personages. The poor laborer does not have the least inferiority com plex over his humble situation. On the contrary, he is happy at being given at
tention by the beautiful lady. She, in turn, treats him so affably that her coachman and lackeys are stunned. In the distance, some peasants are con
tentedly watching the scene.
. AaI-,.
CRUSADE 13
BITTER FRUITS OF SEX EDUCATION One of the arguments used most fre
quently by advocates of an early, pub lic, coeducational, and compulsory sex
education is that it gives the boys and girls the necessary knowledge to behave adequately when they grow up, there by enabling them to avoid the disorder
ly life that would result from their obtaining this information from illintentioned or misguided friends. Coeducational sex education.
However, the results of a sex educa
tion carried out in this way appear
to be quite different from what these enthusiasts promise. We will exemplify this by referring to two situations in which sex education is directly pointed out as the cause of rising immorality,
15 increased 23% with this famous class.
(January 31, 1978), in Jane E. Brody's
In the beginning of the 73-74 school
article entitled "1976 Survey Finds
crime, and disorder.
year, 45 girls in elementary schools,
Deutsche Tagespost (October 13, 1976) cited in Cbiesa Viva (February 1977) of Brescia, Italy gives statistical data issued by Sweden's Ministry of
150 in high schools, and 2,000 in pro fessional schools were pregnant."
Frequency of Teenage Pregnancy Rose 33% in 5 years,"gives the following data:
Health:
released on moral decadence in the U-
one-third over 1971. The use of con
traceptives among youths of this age
among children younger than 14
nited States strongly indicates the in fluence that sex education may have had in bringing about this decadence, even though it is not cited as the direct
increased 900%.
cause of the situation.
•Sex education started in Swedish
schools in 1956.
•From 1956 to 1972, pregnancies
ber of pregnant students between 13 and
* «•
Considering the above, some data
In
turn, The
New
York
Times
About 10% of white females be
tween 15 and 19 years of age have had a premarital pregnancy, an increase of
almost doubled in comparison to 1971.
In a poll carried out with about 10 million women between 15 and 19, ap proximately 4 million had premarital sexual experiences and more tl million had become pregnant one or
•In 1973, 681 girls between 14 and 16 years of age became mothers.
Miami's Diana Las Americas (May 17, 1978) offers the following statis
•From 1968 to 1974, abortion in
tics on moral decadence in Florida,"
more times; 45% of these had resorted
"Illegitimate births continue to in crease in Florida. A report of the Health and Rehabilitation Services Department affirms that the number of births by
to abortion.
Although someone could object that sex education is not specifically blamed
15-year old girls increased 200%. •From 1973 to 1974, homosexual-
related crimes among children below 15 doubled.
* * «
unmarried mothers is 21,191, 20.3%
in the last two news items, the data that
eases among children below 14
of the total number of births in the
they furnish
increased 900%.
State in 1976. Many illegitimate births were prevented through abortions,
with that provided by the other two publications, which
which totalled 37,340 in 1976. The
They also coincide with the time in
•From 1950 to 1972, venereal dis
* ••
Commenting on the results of sex education classes in West Germany, Lisbon's magazine Cavaleiro de Imacu-
lada (May 25, 1978) provides the fol
lowing data: "Thus in Bavaria, the num14 CRUSADE
coincide meaningfully do mention it.
number of births by unmarried mothers
which so-called "sex education" has
between 15 and 19 years of age in
been increasin^y introduced in the
creased from 20.8% (in 48.1% (in 1976)."
countries.
1960) to
Western
World's
most
"advanced"
The Ecclesiastical
Magisterium on Sex Education
As the bitter fruits of sex education
become more and more palpable in our nation, it seems opportune to present to our readers a correct orientation in
regard to this matter. Naturally, we base all that we say on the perennial doctrine of the Catholic Church. We expound the clear doctrinal principles on sex education maintained by the Ecclesiasti cal Magisterium for many decades now. The bold type within the quotations was added by us in order to emphasize the most important parts of the texts.
THE DOCUMENTS OF PIUS XI
Pius XI, after condemning educa tional naturalism in his Encyclical, Divini Illius Magistri, on the Christian
education of youth, uttered severe warnings on sex education. The Pon tiff said:
"Hence every form of pedagogic naturalism which in any way excludes or weakens supernatural Christian for mation in the teaching ofyouth, is false.
tion, falsely imagining that they can forearm youths against the dangers of sensuality by means purely natural, such as a foolhardy initiation and pre
cautionary instruction for all i criminately, even in public; and, wo still, by exposing them at an early age
Every method of education founded,
to the occasions in order to accustom
whoUy or in part, on the denial or forgetfulness of original sin and ofgrace, and relying solely on the powers of hu
them, so it is argued, and as it were to harden them against such dangers. "Such persons grievously err in
man nature, is unsound."
refusing to recognize the inborn weak
Subsequently, the Pope adds: An other very grave danger is that natur alism which nowadays invades the field of education in that most delicate matter ofpurity of morals. Far too com
ness of human nature. . .and' also in
mon is the error of these who with dan
gerous assurance and under an ugly term propagate a so-called sex educa
ignoring the experience offacts, from which it is clear that, particularly in young people, evil practices are the ef fect not so much of ignorance of in tellect as of weakness of a will exposed to dangerous occasions and unsupported by the means ofgrace. CRUSADE 15
wonderful designs of the Creator are destined to complement each other in the family and in society, precisely because of their differences, which therefore ought to be maintained and encouraged during their years offorma
tion, with the necessary distinction and corresponding separation, according to age and circumstances"(Idem, page 36). In his Encyclical Casti Conubi on Christian marriage, the same Pontiff,
dealing with the question of sex educa
tion as a preparation for marriage or as an instruction to those already married, gives this warning; "Such
wholesome
instruction
and
religious training in regard to Christian
marriage will be quite different from that exaggerated physiological educa •»
tion by means of which, in these times of ours, some reformers of married life make pretense of helping those joined in wedlock, laying much stress on these
.r
. A-
• r .'.k'
V.' - -'.t
physiological
matters,
in
which
is
learned rather the arc of sinning in a subtle way than the virtue of living chastely" (Encyclical Letter on Chris tian Marriage, St. Paul's Editions, Bos ton, Mass, page 56). AN INCISIVE DECREE
OF THE HOLY OFFICE
Another important document on this matter, which is even considered
Pius XI. Sex education,with which certain reformers of married life claim to help the spouses, teaches rather "the art ofsinning in a subtle way than the virtue of living
to be a complement of the Divini Illius Magistri, is the Decree of the
Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office dated March 21, 1931. This document,
chastely."
which was published during the Ponti "In this extremely delicate matter, ■if, all things considered, some private
tional schools, that is, those which ad
ficate of Pius XI, answers a consultation
mit students of both sexes:
on
instruction is found necessary and op portune, from those who hold from
dan education is the so-called method
God the commission to teach and who
of co-education. This too, by many
"False also and harmful to Chris-
sex
education
and
contains
the
recommendations below:
have the grace of state, every precau
of its supporters, is founded upon natur
"It is absolutely necessary m the formation of youth to follow the meth od employed until now by the Church
tion must be taken. Such precautions
alism and the denial of original sin; but
and by men of virtue, and recom
are well-known in traditional Christian education.'' (Christian Education of
by all, upon a deporable confusion of
mended by Our Most Holy Lord in the Encyclical Letter on the Christian Edu
Youth, Encyclical of Pius XI, Prow
ideas that mistakes a levelling promiscuity and equality, for the legiti
Books, 1971, Kenosha, Wisconsin, pages
mate
34 and 35).
Besides there is not in nature itself,
assocation
of
the
sexes. . . .
which fashions the two quite different in organism, in temperament, in abili ties, anything to suggest that there can
cation of Youth, dated December 31, 1929. To wit, it is necessary in the first place to take care of a full, firm, and uninterrupted religious formation of
being exposed to the dangers of an ill-
be or ought to be promiscuity, and
youths of both sexes; it is necessary to excite in youths esteem, desire, and love for the angelic virtue; and above all,
oriented education, Pius XI goes further, condemning also the so-called coeduca
much less equality, in the training of the two sexes. These in keeping with the
to instill in them constancy in prayer, frequency in use of the Sacraments of
In his desire to preserve youth from
16 CRUSADE
Penance and the Most Holy Eucharist, a continuous and filial devotion to the
Blessed Virgin Mary, the mother of
holy purity, and a total consecration to her protection; to carefully avoid
all the more pernicious as secrecy in flames the imagination and excites the senses. If wise and discreet, your word
may become a guarantee and a warn
dangerous readings, obscene spectacles,
ing amidst the temptations to corrup tion surrounding them" (A.A.S., Year
the conversation of the evil ones and
XXXIII, Series II, Vol. VIII, 1941,
any other occasions of sin."
cate sex education, some of them writ
pages 455-456). On September 18, 1951, in an al locution to parents, the Pontiff con demned the manner in which many
ten even by Catholic authors {AA.S.
Catholic authors deal with this matter
That Sacred Congregation then pro ceeds to censure the books that advo
23, page 118, apud Por Un Christian-
without the necessary discretion that it
isrno Autentico by Dom Antonio de
requires. He recommends the same
Castro
precautions that Pius XI prescribed in his Encyclical, Divini Illius Magistri:
Mayer, Editora
Vera
Cruz,
Sao Paulo, 1971, pages 86 and 87). THE TEACHING OF PIUS XII In his allocution to the women of Catholic Action on October 26, 1941,
Pius XII gives wise and precious guide lines to parents on the sexual orienta tion that they must impart to their children:
"You shall inspire (in your children) a high esteem of and a kindled love for the virtue of purity, pointing out to them how the maternal protection of
the Immaculate Virgin is its safeguard. Finally, with your perspicacity as mothers and educators, thanks to the
faithful openness of soul that you in still in your children, you will not fail to scrutinize and discern the occasion and the moment when certain delicate
questions arise in their spirit because of special perturbations of their senses. Then it will behoove you, to your
daughter, and the father, to his soi7S â&#x20AC;&#x201D; to the extent that you deem neces
sary â&#x20AC;&#x201D; cautiously to lift the veil of truth and give a prudent, just, and Christian answer to such questions and anxieties. Let them receive itfrom your authority as Christian parents, at the
opportune moment, in the opportune measure, with all due cautions; and the
revelations about the mysterious and
be observed in this matter." Encyclical Sacra Virginitas, Collection of Pontifi cal Documents, Ed. Vozes, Petropolis, 2nd edition, 1969, page 26).
"There is a field in which this edu
cation of public opinion, and its recti fication, impose themselves with tragic
urgency. It is perverted, in this field, by a propaganda that one would not hesitate to call calamitous, even though this time it comes from
a Catholic
source and aims to actupon Catholics. .. "We want to speak here of the writ ings, books, and articles regarding sex education, which nowadays frequently obtain an enormous success in book
stores and flood the whole world, in vading childhood, drowning the adol escent generation, and disturbing brides and young married couples." Pius
Xll
adds:
"This literature,
if we can call it so, does not seem to take into any consideration the general experience of yesterday, today, and always, because it is founded on nature itself; this experience testifies that in moral education neither initiation nor
instruction have any advantage per se; and that both, on the contrary, are
grievously unwholesome and harmful when they are not linked to a constant
discipline, a vigorous self-control, and above all, to the use of supernatural forces, of prayer, and of the Sacra ments" (cf. Catolicismo, no. 13, Janu
ary 1952).
Pius XII. "Let them receive it from your authority as Christian parents, at the
opportune moment, in the opportune measure, with all due cautions. . ."
A RECENT PASTORAL LETTER REAFFIRMS PONTIFICAL DOCTRINE
Another noteworthy document on this matter, one which was published
only about two years ago, is the strong and timely Pastoral Letter on the Chaste Formation of Children and Students
by Msgr. Bernard D. Steward, Bishop of Sandhurst, Australia (Cambridge P Bendigo, 1978). After calling to mind the traditional teaching of the Church on the virtue of chastity, the author, drawing attention to the immutability of the moral law. condemns modern "theological" cur rents opposed to traditional moral
miraculous law of life will be heard
In his Encyclical On Sacred Vir
with both respect and gratitude; their souls will be clarified with much less danger than if they learned it by chance,
ginity, the same Pontiff makes an im portant and opportune point on this
theology. In addition, he censures the cate
matter: "However, in our times, cer
chetical
through unworthy meetings, clandes
tain teachers too often deem themselves
books
tine conversations, in school, from un
obliged to initiate innocent children in the secrets of generation in a way offensive to their modesty. Now the just moderation that modesty requires must
through the action of progressivists.
trustworthy companions who already know
too
much about the
matter;
through concealed readings, which are
movements and theological that
penetrated
his
diocese
The Prelate calls attention to the serious and delicate manner in which
the Holy Scriptures, in many places. CRUSADE 17
treat subjects and problems related to this matter.
Bishop
Stewart's Pastoral Letter
teaches: "Where the correct termin
ology is adopted, children learn to avoid vulgarities. Words and the way of
very growth of the child and the adol escent brings its own curiosity about matters concerning sex; it is an indiv
idual, personal development. Attentive to it, before anything the parent must clarify that curiosity and instill modes
an atmosphere of modesty, purity, and chastity"(page 17).
Subsequently, he remarks: "We must take seriously the duty and the privil ege of helping boys and girls become chaste men and women" (page 18).
being are of great importance. Draw
ty to accompany the knowledge that is
In another passage, he stresses that
ings, pictures, illustrations are un necessary,"(page 9).
then acquired. Instruction given in a
"the
group or standardized soon becomes in
its traditional doctrine and its tradition
efficient or pernicious"{"ps-ge 17).
al formation in chastity"(page 19).
The
Prelate, affirming that the
Catholic Church still
maintains
Very opportunely, the Prelate calls
Documents of Pius XI and Pius XII on
sex education are entirely valid today,
to
mind
the
terrible
words of Our
gives some guidelines: "No one is in a better position than
Bishop Stewart adds: "The schools must support the parents. This does not
little ones who believe in me to sin, it
the father and the mother to know
mean that teachers must engage in classes to inform about sex; in fact,
were better for him to have a great mill stone hung around his neck, and to be
when and in what measure their child
ren will be prepared to receive so in timate and delicate a knowledge. The
Lord: "But whoever causes one of these
such classes must be forbidden. But it
drowned in the depths of the sea."
means that the school must encourage
(Matt. 18.6, page 18).
THE CHILD AS A BATTLEGROUND
[UiO'iuxauu
Will the sex education fanatics he allowed to destroy our children? Or will the parents assert their rights?
So that under their loving core, his innocence will he protected and he nourished hy the marvelous.
SPOTUGHT
THE SWEDISH PARADISE: A SHATTERED MYTH For more than a few years, Sweden has been singled out by the internation al media as a model for the whole West,
becoming a real myth for those who wished the ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity to come true in an ad
of material "well being" and a parox ysm of sensory satisfaction have pro voked an unprecedented moral and psychological crisis instead of produc ing the much desired "paradise on earth." This crisis, which is but a consequence
the kulturhuset, his blue jeans stained with vomit, cause an elderly lady of dignified bearing and appearance to move quickly from the path of the drugged youth. Everybody steps out of his way.
of the systematic neglect of the neces
Example 2. Consider also these ob
Indeed, the mere mentioning of its name was enough to evoke in the minds
sities of the Swedish people's souls, has
servations by Mr. Carlhamer, an attor
brought Swedish society to a condition
of many persons an image of paradise on earth. This seemingly spontaneous
more like hell than dreamed of by the left.
ney of the Employers' Federation, who stated incisively: "Sweden, a model?
vanced stage.
the
paradise
attitude was more than slightly con
ditioned, however, by their having been repeatedly and emphatically assured that within it wealth and prosperity
were securely and happily combined with complete moral freedom and a total
abolition
of
the
"obscurantist
Why that's the hoax of the century... The paradoxical cocktail of statism and
THE RAW REALITY
A report in Paris Match on life in Sweden gives, among others, the fol lowing two examples: Example 1. "Out of the way, dis
taboos" and poverty found in the "back ward" and underdeveloped countries.
gusting hag, or I'll cut you up!" These
In Swedish society, comfort and well-being supposedly reigned as a result of democratic freedom having been
dishevelled, and glassy-eyed youth as he staggers out of the comfort station of
harsh words uttered by a bearded,
laissez-faire concocted and
served by
our political leaders — yesterday the Social Democrats and today the Liberals — is bringing the country to its knees." These two examples testify power fully against the supposed paradise of permissivism and equality. Mr. Carlhamer's observations are put into impressive focus in the report in Paris Match, which is by Yves de Saint-
joined to a socialist distribution of
income. This mixed system had suc ceeded in providing — or at least so it
was alleged — for all of the material
necessities of its people and presumably had eliminated the necessity for any pressing concern about the future. The West was inundated with this
message. Accordingly, those who con
sider material factors to be the only important ones began to see Sweden as having attained the best standard of living possible on the face of the earth.
Such persons absolutely ignore spiritu al goods and the needs of the soul, since
in their minds "these values simply don't exist. .." More and more, they came to see in Sweden an empirical proof that their Utopian dreams could be realized.
Now, however, after decades of a
regime of increasing moral permissive
A long haired policeman trying to break up a street demonstration in Stockholm.
ness and economic socialism, the facts
After 40 years of socialism, Sweden is no longer that much-trumpeted "paradise"
have proved the contrary. An excess
. . .except, perhaps,for criminals and drug addicts. CRUSADE 19
Agnes. His article is entitled "The Hel lish Swedish Paradise â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a Wide-ranging Research into the Country of the Socialist 'Miracle.'"
Yves de Saint-Agnes brings to our attention five significant aspects of Swedish life that clearly show the in habitants of that country cannot brag
about living in a paradise. They are: moral decadence, widespread crime, the evils of socialized medicine, a fanat
ic egalitarianism in the educational sector, and grinding taxation and com puterized control of private lives. THE FRIGHTFUL GROWTH
ft
OF DRUG USE
In today's Sweden, illegal drug use exists on a frightening scale. The restrooms
of the Kulturhuset (Cultural
Center), located in the heart of Stock holm, have become havens for heroin
addicts. Upon receiving injections there, the drugged addicts leave the place, hallucinating and causing horror and
Drugs circulate freely on the streets of Swedish cities. Authorities make no effort to restrain the drug traffic.
fear in the passers-by, who hastily give
to pedestrians, the police have installed hidden "spy cameras" to film the hap
encourages any number of vices such as sloth, envy, etc.
them a wide berth.
The number of persons using drugs
penings during certain hours. From
illegally has jumped from 737 (in 1965)
sunset to sunrise, they always record
to 20,739 (in 1978).
the same events: drunkards strewn on
Since it is well known that complete licentiousness ultimately leads people to try to find new sensations through drugs, the high incidence of drug use tends to confirm the common impres
the ground and bands of drugged people walking around like robots, openly exchanging their money for envelopes containing drugs. The police
way for the socialist mentality, which
As egalitarian socialism increases,
crimes and disorder multiply... MASS TRANSIT: A DANGER
Yves de Saint-Agnes reports that he
men monitoring the films must be
has visited Sweden every year since
sion of Sweden as a land characterized
yawning with boredom, so monotonous
by total or nearly total moral per
and repetitive they are...
1953. This is the picture that he gives us: In 1960, it was a crime against so
missiveness.Another confirmation comes from the attitude of the authorities.
THE SCANDALOUS INDIFFER ENCE OF THE AUTHORITIES
The omission and neglect of the po lice
and
administrative
authorities is
blatant.
Since the Swedish Parliament is on
Sergelstorg square, the politicians can. easily observe these disorders. From their tall "crystal palace," the 349
parliamentarians of Ola Ullsten's "liber al" administration are perfectly able to feel and even touch this tragic reality. They apparently prefer, however, to ignore it and to work on legislation deal
Workers in the Kulturhuset and those
ing with "more serious matters" â&#x20AC;&#x201D; for
responsible for public order turn a blind
example, their recent law prohibiting
eye to the drug traffic there. The police chief limits himself to advising over the radio: "Never stand in the way of these people!" The "people," to which he refers, are the slaves of heroin, ampheta
mine, etc., which he has the duty to
ciety to dump a piece of paper on the streets. Now, splintered glass from bro ken windows covers the streets, becom
ing part of the landscape. In fact, the
thoroughfares, roads, and avei -i this Swedish paradise are littered ,..ih bottles, beer cans, and the most varied
types of junk. The vehicles of public transportation
parents from physically punishing their
that serve it are constantly and violently vandalized, costing Stockholm's city hall 10 million kronas per year to re
children. . .or the one banishing the sale
pair them.
of toy soldiers! Meanwhile, alcoholism, prostitution, vice, drug traffic, and juvenile crime proceed unchecked...
Many Swedes are afraid to use the mass transit system. The subway cars of
The prohibiting of good or merely innocent things, while allowing full
keep off the streets. At Sergelstorg, a very large square in
liberty for evil, is characteristic of the
Stockholm are cluttered with people drinking alcohol, spitting on the floor, and uttering obscenities to girls, who
downtown Stockholm, accessible only
liberal mentality, which prepares the
merely mumble their retorts. The walls
20 CRUSADE
of the cars are covered with grafiti
and pornographic drawings. In 1978 alone, 600 acts of sabotage
were perpetuated against the subway system, many of them directly aimed at derailing the cars. In the corridors of Ostermalmstorg's
subway station, weird looking youths
specializing in stolen goods approach commuters to sell them Nikon cameras,
pocket calculators, and records. In those
According to the report in Match, multiple violations of law, order, and good customs are being carried out openly with the full knowledge of the police, the government, and the people in general. Moreover these crimes go unpunished, arousing neither protests nor complaints. A complete and alarm
ing inertia exists in the face of the most outrageous manifestations of evil.
Since the goal
of revolutionary
psywar is to conquer the wills of the Western people for Communism, it obviously has made substantial progress in Sweden, where the wills and the ca
pacity of the people to resist has been
so greatly harmed. As a people loses the will to resist, it becomes an easy prey
to any aggression. International
Communism
stands
prostitutes
ready to take advantage of this dramatic state of affairs. At present, the Soviets
openly solicit passers-by, as if that was
are keeping Sweden balanced between
just normal business.
two options:
same corridors, Swedish
What does this situation signify?
1. The peaceful Finlandization of Sweden.
GENUINE FRUITS OF AN
2. Military aggression.
EVIL TREE
Total revolutionary psywar advances both these options.
The above examples of generalized moral decadence are the fruit of a grow
ing permissiveness, nurtured and in flamed by public coeducational and
THE ADVANCE OF SOCIALISM FOR A PURPOSE
naturalistic sex education forced upon immature and innocent minds.
Contributing to this decadence are the many vices fostered by egalitarian
[landI
Since socialism produces nothing but misery (as has been proven in one coun try after another), the prosperity of Swe
socialism. In his report, Yves de Saint-
den in the 60's must be attributed to the
Agnes notes that exorbitant taxes are driving the most talented Swedes out of the country, that the life of every
free-enterprise portion of the economy. This prosperity, however, is being
Mun a\ 1
systematically undermined by socialism.
individual is controlled by State com
By 1965, 29% of the Swedish GNP con
puters, that the failures of socialized medicine have produced general frus tration, that the fanatically egalitarian
finance the socialist programs; in 1977,
educational policy has caused count
(53%, if the employer's contribution
less disorders, and that there is system atic disregard for the lives of the old and the incurably ill. Decades of a regime that has shown
to social security is added.).
sisted of direct and indirect taxes to
the
corresponding
share
was 40%
There remains for the Revolution
only the problem of arranging affairs to speed up the process.
itself to be increasingly liberal in cus
toms and increasingly socialist in eco nomics, a profoundly laicist and egali tarian regime that has planned all as pects of life, has ineluctably brought the people to the anguish and disenchant
Sweden: Balanced between two options â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Finlandization or military aggression.
ARD OF LIVING TO SPEED UP CONVERGENCE
ment of a life without higher motiva
PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE:
tion, without struggle, risks, or glory. . . . This has led them to seek a way of using their energies in drugs, vice, and crim inal violence so that they may feel the
THE VESTIBULE OF COMMUNISM
emotions of a life of clashes, work,
joys, and sufferings such as is natural to the human condition.
Even graver than the widespread delinquency and moral corruption of Sweden is the lack of reactivity in the authorities and in public opinion.
DEPRESSION OF THE STAND
The current situation clearly shows
The petroleum blackmail engineered by Russia through its Arab puppets, complementing the baneful effects of socialism on
the Swedish economy,
how much the country has suffered the effects of total revolutionary psycholo gical warfare, a phenomenon opportune
succeeded in the early 70*s in producing
ly depicted by Prof. Plinio Correa de
Ironically, the solution being offered
Oliveira
in
Revolution and Counter
a crisis which culminated in the reces sion of 1974.
for the crisis, produced in large part
revolution (English edition just pub
by socialism, is an even greater dose of
lished and now available.)
socialism, designed to depress the econCRUSADE 21
omy as rapidly as possible. According
by Prof. Plinio Correa de Oliveira in his
to the Swedish Institute, present eco
hook RevolutionandCounter-revolution.
nomic policy is geared to bringing about structural changes entailing "capacity restriction and layoffs." The govern ment is allocating funds to industries such as steel and shipbuilding to "en
able capacity to be reduced..." and . .labor schemes to be arranged to ameliorate the effect for employees." ("The Swedish Economy, Fact Sheets on Sweden, October 1979).
Accordingly, the 53% of GNP in taxation being levied on the Swedes can be expected to increase even more. The decrease in production being engineered means a decrease in goods and services, labor unrest, and a magnification of
tionary ideal to restore the Christian Civilization that is the source of its
grandeur. WHAT COURSE FOR SWEDEN?
Will any heed Our Lady of Fatima, Young Swedes need merely to gaze
who, like the Coat of Arms of Sweden,
upon the Coat of Arms of the country,
calls for the restoration of Christian
with its four militant golden lions, to
Civilization?
discern the spirit of courage, elegance, and uprightness that is a reflection of the true Swedish soul fructified by the refulgent influence of Christian Civil ization.
This Coat of Arms, which is totally opposed to the spirit of the Revolu tion, beckons to young Swedes to be
Indeed, the defeat of the Revolution
and the victory of Christian Civiliza tion are assured by the majestic and en
thusiastic promise given by Her at Fatima in 1917: "Finally My Immaculat;,p Heart will triumph!"
come animated with its counter-revolu
the crisis in all areas. A series of strikes
and lockouts has already brought Sweden to the edge of an industrial
standstill. "The cost in lost production has been estimated by one employers' association at $120 million or $140
million a day." (The New York Times, May 3, 1980). Obviously, high taxation, the planned restriction of production, layoffs, and
strikes are working together like fingers on the same hand to accelerate the de
pression of the Swedish standard of eco nomic life. It is a process which is feed ing on itself to bring Sweden ever closer to the economic misery that exists behind the iron curtain so that Sweden
can be converged with the Communist
world in an almost pwf^ess manner. Thus socialism arid the present permissivist stage of liberalism move inexor ably toward the same end: the weaken
ing of the wills of the Swedish people and the throttling of the production of the country to facilitate its conquest by Communism, pacifically if possible but violently if necessary. The communists
will not lack resourcefulness in taking advantage
of these conditions, con
ditions which they have in large measure
promoted. Liberalism, socialism, and Commun
ism are but stages in a single revolution
ary process that has been gathering force for nearly five centuries and that
has as its goal the destruction of Chris tian Civilization. The roots, principles, and dynamics of this process, and how it can be defeated, are clearly delineated 22 CRUSADE
THE COAT OF ARMS OF SWEDEN "THE GREAT COAT OF ARMS"
Picturesque and the Real
in Daily Life Mm
Carl Spitzweg is a relatively little
endowed with artistic, psychological, or
from the wall to the wooden garret.
known Bavarian painter of the last
sociological sense to analyze his water-
century (1808-1885). Or at least so it
colors.
would appear, for his name, like that of
The chimney of the wood stove is used as a hat hanger for the top hat of the poet. On the wall, under the chimney,
Hector Roesler Franz, another German
a nail holds his coat.
What is most delightful to the ob
painter of the turn of the century, is
server, however, is the contrast between
not mentioned in the celebrated books
the misery and prosaism of the whole
on the history of art.
Nevertheless, the paintings of the
Spitzweg was equally successful in
ambience and the attitude of the poet,
two artists, which have many features
depicting the picturesque scenes of daily life, though the ambiences he painted were quite different from that of Rome.
wrapt in admiration, and oblivious to
in common, are of such a quality as to entitle them to appear in manuals of
who is immersed in his own work,
his surroundings. Thick volumes leaning
ting observation. Roesler specialized in painting scenes typical of the Rome of his time. Be
century Germany.
In the first picture - one of the
against the wall or piled in disorder beside him give the impression of a poet who is absorbed in his work. And in order to give emphasis to attitude of the poet, the painter pluv
artist's most well known and appre
his writing pen in his mouth, because
tween 1870 and 1907, he executed 120 water colors, now exhibited in the
ciated â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Spitzweg presents, with a fine sense of irony, the hardships in the life
right one he is counting the metrics of
the history of art. Indeed, few painters have depicted the picturesque in daily life with so much charm and penetra
All of his themes are taken from the
daily life that was typical of the small cities and countryside of nineteenth
his two hands are occupied; with the
Museum of Palazzo Braschl. His works
of a man of letters. Its title, "The Poor
his verses, while the left one holds
became popular in our times, especial ly in the Eternal City, through a series of picture albums and postcards entitled
Poet," expresses very well the idea that the painter wished to convey. The poet lives in a miserable attic without
the paper...
Roma Sparita (The Rome That Has
even a bed, his mattress being simply
Vanished).
stretched out on the floor. Above the
Although he was not an Italian,
head of the poet, which is wrapped in
Roesler successfully depicted with his
a white night cap, an open umbrella
brush aspects of the daily life of Rome
is perched, presumably to protect him
in the last century; and he did it in a lively, fascinating, and even delight ful manner. It is indeed a delight for one
from some uncomfortable leak in the
The second painting, entitled "Art
roof. . .Near the small window, a cloth
and Science," depicts the enchanting square in a small German town. At the
is hanging from a wire that stretches
CRUSADE 23
left, alongside a stone fountain where
she has gone to draw water, a woman, carrying her water pitcher, watches the
him imagine himself living in the small German town so well depicted by Spitzweg's brush. Instead of being
work of an artist above her. Sitting on
disturbed by streets agitated by the
chological, and moral pollution result ing from antinatural concentrations,
piness of an organic, natural life. Finally,
being freed from the physical, psy
a scaffold raised to the third floor of
feverish movement of pedestrians and
unbridled
the prominent building in the back
modern vehicles, the reader would find
modern transit of large urban areas,
ground, he is painting the Blessed Vir gin with the Child Jesus, on its wall.
square that we have described above;
the
calmness reflected
in
the small
On the basis of the style of its windows
instead of being frustrated by the arti
and the turret in its corner, the build
ficial life in the modern cities, he would
ing seems to belong to the baroque per
enjoy the temperate pleasures and hap
iod. Its roof, with the small window
just below it, is characteristically baroque. A ledge separates the upper portion of the small tower from its
central body, which displays a large window
adorned
with
flowers. The
turret has another ledge too, below
which one can see its gracious base. At the window of the attic, which is
also embellished with typically German flowers, a feminine figure is interested ly observing the work of the painter
and the movement in the square. Almost directly over the fountain
where the woman pauses before filling her pitcher, one can discern a pictur esque emblem â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a device for designating old inns characteristic of several Euro
pean countries. The emblem is held by an artistic pole of wrought iron, and displays a two headed eagle inside of a circle. On the ground, pigeons are strolling, a very common event in the squares of many cities. A book peddler has erected his stand
in the middle of the square. In it one can see several books as well as some
prints hanging from wires. As a finish ing touch in a painting filled with so many savory details, an expressive personage, dressed in a top hat and tails,
is examining a book the peddler has offered him. One has the impression that slender man must be one of the intellectual
a
celebrities of the town:
respected professor, a celebrated
writer, a doctor, or perhaps a lawyer famous only in that small, secluded corner of Germany...
Perhaps our reader lives in one of
those huge modern cities where hustle
and bustle, pollution, and artificiality of life are mixed from the most dif
ferent standpoints so as to interpene trate the whole environment. If so, let 24 CRUSADE
industrialization, and
the
he could immeree himself in a whole
some ambience that is preserved both materially and morally. In which of these two worlds would
you rather live, dear reader?
rMUflJ
PROPHETS, MARTYRS, SAINTS, and
HEROES tMtlMtlilftllllltlllilllltllllllMXtl
M'gtfMWtWtmmnwni
The present Soviet-Cuban aggression against the African continent has been prepared by decades of infiltration,
blood by a frail woman in Northeastern wabaka, faithful bride of Christ, who
many white hostages and would Ku.
propaganda, and communist inspired
gave her life to preserve the kingdom
them without exception if the central
terrorist acitivity. The lives of the Afri can people have been systematically disrupted, the land has been devastated, and religious and shrines of the Church
of Christ in Africa without spot or stain.
have been desecrated.
IN STANLEYVILLE
Zaire. She is Sister Anuarita of Baf-
and truly noble and transcendent counter-revolutionary triumphs. One of the most heroic and legendary of these,
government in Leopoldville, now Kin shasa, did not halt the advance of its troops.
THE REIGN OF TERROR
These assaults have at times, by
way of reaction, providentially called forth great proofs of love of the Church
On November 3, Gbenye declared in a radio broadcast that he still
The situation in Stanleyville wor sened daily, producing serious shortages of food and water. Looters and thieves
In November of 1964, the Simbas
unleashed a reign of terror in Stanley ville, now
called Kisangani (north
eastern Zaire). Commissars Mulele and
one which will continue to reverberate
Gbenye terrorized the eastern province, seizing hostages and brutalizing the
across the centuries, w^ written in
people.
continuously roamed the neighborhoods, violating the homes of the people. Everywhere, the enemies of the tyrants were summarily condemned to die;
the death sentences were executed by forcing the victims to drink gasoline and then blowing them up alive... CRUSADE 25
THE BELGIANS SAVE
the Belgians assaulted the street and nearly all the hostages were saved.
THE HOSTAGES
THE REBELS ARRIVE IN BAFWABAKA
This time the Simbas were defeated.
terror filtered to the outside world,
THE DEATH DANCE
On Sunday, November 29, a rebel group commanded by "Colonel"Olombe
the Belgians determined to send in 600 airborne troops. On November 24, around 6 o'clock in the morning, U.S. Air Force transport planes dropped the parachutists over Stanleyville. Besides themselves with fury, the Simbas hastily pushed 250 hostages into Sergeant Kintele Avenue and made them kneel down."If the Belgians come, you will all die," shouted "Major" Babu, a former boxer and drug addict
CONTINUES
reached
As scattered news of the reign of
who commanded the rebel troops. However, as he shouted "kill them!".
the
missionary outpost of
Bafwabaka. There he would find a con The withdrawal of the Simbas was
terrible. Missionaries were assassinated,
nuns raped, missions burned down in the jungle. In Paulis, more than 4000 Africans were executed by firing squads. Almost everyone who knew how to read and write was tortured to death.
An old missionary had all of his bones broken, one by one,by rifle stocks. Twenty women died under terrible
vent of nuns of African origin, the Sis ters of the Holy Family, consisting of 36 nuns, novices and aspirants. The community is called "Jamaa Taratifu" in Swahili.
On that day, one of the members of the community, Sister Clementine Anuarita, was celebrating her twentyfifth birthday. It was going to be her last...
tortures.
SISTER ANUARITA:"THE SUN
SHINE AT YOUR DISPOSAL"
Sister Anuarita was baptized at the age of six, receiving the name of Alfonsine. Those who knew her in her
You Can Give Your Child A
TRADITIONAL CATHOLIC SCHOOL EDUCATION! (No matter where you
may live.)
If your local "Catholic" school honestly described as a truly and you wo.i't risk your child's the jHiblic s_hool system, which and entertains the Devil, answer for you.
can no longer be Catholic school, precious soul in promotes atheism
then we may have the
Oim LADY OF VICTORY SQIOOI. (OLVS)
ing
its completely
traditional
is now offer
Roman Catholic
educational curriculum in a "IICME STUDY PROGRAM" format to families all across the nation. Con
cerned parents can now give their children a good education in the safety and comfort of their homes.
+
Students
in 13 states
and
Canada
village say that she was a joyful, viva cious, and dedicated child. They recall that in Wamba, where she attended elementary school, she had the habit
of visiting the poor and the sick. As was common among African children, she began while still quite young helping her parents at home: drawing water from the well, gathering wood, and cooking a few things on the stove. Like her companions of the same age, she feared the snakes she encoun tered on the way to the well, and en joyed playing with puppies and goats in the village. She was a typical Afri can child.
But Alfonsine Anuarita was uncom
monly intelligent. Because ot after leaving elementary school,
c
are now enrolled in our "Home Study Program." Lessons handled by mail.
went to high school in Bafwabaka with the Sisters of the Holy Family. Convent
11th 5 12th
life must have exerted a strong attrac
grades have been
add-
ed to Kindergarten-lOth grade.
tion over her, for in 1955 she was Registrations now being accepted.
Our
of 'Victory" School P.O. Box .S181,
Room 12
Mission Hills, Calif. 91345 (213J 897-1116
already an aspirant. In 1959, she made her first vows, receiving the name of
Sister Clementine. She began working as a teacher, and after a complementarycourse in 1963, became director of the
girls' boarding school where she her self had been a student a few years earlier.
Within the community of sisters she was known as "the sunshine at your 26 CRUSADE
ing: "This would be a grave sin. I'd
ism. Forcing a smile, he quipped:
rather have you kill me!"
"Comrades, I killed an enemy of the
the sisters in charge of maintenance to help them pick up wood, to fish in the
Held as she was by brute force, she turned to her sisters: "Pray with me, help me. I'd rather die than commit
Revolution. Two rebels step forward with their spears, piercing Sister Anuar ita's body three or four times. In addi
Nepoko River, and to wash and iron
such a sin!"
disposal." She was always serene, joyful, and ready for whatever was necessary. After school, she went with
clothes.
Olombe tried to pull her into his
tion, Olombe shot the dead sister in the head.
At
first,
Anuarita's
sisters were
On many Sundays, the sisters and students were able to enjoy cake and
car, but the nun defended herself with
all her strength. "Let me go! I am ready
petrified. Then during her martyrdom,
other deserts. In the notebook of Sis
to die here. I will never be your woman!"
one of them began to chant the "Mag nificat." Trembling, and with tears in
ter Anuarita — now part of the materi al of her canonization process in Rome — cake and desert recipes can be found
"DEATH IS SWALLOWED UP
besides texts of meditation and her
IN VICTORY"
personal notes. To bring joy to the boarding students, she always man aged to find new recipes somewhere. On that November 29, Sister Anuarita
had prepared something for her twentyfifth birthday. But everything would turn out differently...
The "colonel" went mad. He dealt
heavy blows to her face and body with his rifle stock, causing her to fall to the ground, her face covered with blood. He knew no mercy, striking like a mad man the dilacerated body inside the white habit. The voice of Sister Anuar
"I'D RATHER DIE
THAN COMMIT SUCH A SIN!"
Suddenly, from the jungle came
ita became weaker: "Go on beating, I have made my decision." And then breathing forth her last sigh, she whis pered: "May God forgive you, you don't know what you do..."
the Simbas in drab olive trucks. They
The situation of the "colonel" was
stopped in front of the convent, their brakes squeaking. The rebels, most of whom were drunk or high on hashish, staggered toward the convent, shout ing and waving automatic rifles, long
becoming disagreeable. He had just "finished" with a defenseless young woman and this — even in the eyes of the rebels — was not an act of hero
their eyes, the others joined her: "... and my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour." The rebels, disconcerted and speech less, ran away in a desperate flight. "Sister Anuarita has protected us," one of the nuns exclaimed. "The mar
tyrs of Uganda and Saint Mary Goretti have always been her models. Now she has followed both of them," they wrote on November 30, 1964, the eve of All Saints' Day. If the Church in eastern Zaire is
able to celebrate its hundredth jubilee in 1980, Africa will have a new Saint.
The missionary Bishop of Catarzi Uvira (in the South of the Kivu pro vince) affirmed: "Sister Anuarita will be
for us a powerful intercessor with God, so that He may help us to finally attain peace in this country."
knives, and spears in the air. At "Col onel" Olombe's orders, they pushed the nuns into the trucks, and in a few
COMMUNISTS TO CELEBRATE LUTHER
minutes the column resumed its march.
Sister Anuarita tried to assauge the fear of the other sisters with a few words.
After some miles of travel through
Communist Party Chief Erich Honecker of East Germany will direct preparations for the government cele
This event tends to confirm a theses of the book Revolution and Counter
bration in 1983 of the 500th anniver
tion is a 500 year old process con ing of three great revolutions:
the jungle, the vehicles halted at a Simba camp. Other trucks drove up. The Mulele soldiery launched out
sary of the birth of Martin Luther. A
against the sisters, snatching their pectoral crosses from them and ut tering savage and obscene insults...
government committee made up of more than 100 leading East German functionaries will be organized to plan
Pseudo-reformation, the French Revolu tion, and Communism. In the words of
cultural festivities in connection with
birthday on November 10 in Wittenberg.
Protestantism...the anarchical yearnings of Communism were already implicit. From the point of view of his explicit formulations, one may say that Luther
According to a report by the Lutheran
was no more than Luther. Nevertheless,
Finally, they resume the painful trip through the jungle, arriving by nightfall in Isoro. "Colonel" Olombe ordered everyone out of the trucks. Approaching Sister Anuarita, he said in a hoarse voice: "Tonight you willl be my woman." Anuarita shook her
head, signifying "no, never." The furi ous "colonel" struck her violently and
then pulled her to himself. Anuarita
the anniversary. Events will culminate
in a festival marking the apostate's
revolution, namely, that the Revolu
•
the author: "In the first denials of
World Federation, "the East German
all the tendencies, all the states of soul,
authorities have long claimed Luther
and all the imponderables of the Luther
as part of the Communist State's cul
an explosion already bore within them,
tural heritage, calling him a German revolutionary whose reformist ideas
in an authentic and full but implicit way, the spirit of Voltaire and Robes
made him a forerunner of radical philos
pierre, of Marx and Lenin." (Revolu tion and Counterrevolution, pages 45-
ophers such as Karl Marx."
46).
resisted with all her strength, shout CRUSADE 27
ENTER SEVILLE When you arrive in Seville at night fall, try to stroll slowly on the Triana
Bridge across Guadalquiver River. It is then that the city will show you her soul, hidden in some secluded place. You will see the calm and temper
ate waters of the opulent river on whose surface appear shadows which evoke epic feats which took place seven cen turies ago. And you will, as it were, hear faraway war cries and the rumble of martial calvacades.
If you lift up your eyes, it will seem to you that such proclamations are com
ing from behind the silhouettes of tow ers and spires that shoot upward toward a cloudy sky. When the river with its enchanting illusions of words and
colors makes
you stroll further, you will pass from the bridge and come to a narrow, wind
ing street. It will make you believe that those towers were another decep
tion of the magic river and that the grand things you saw and heard really didn't happen. Note, however, that from
unknown
cloisters, bowers of
climbing roses at times spring forth, displaying abundant colors that re-
Seville and the Triana Bridge from across the Guadaquiver River. fleet a neither able to the red
great, ardent nostalgia which the evening nor the moon are subdue. The hidden mystery of roses and the fascinating tale is
beyond those white walls and the fresh
and perfumed patios where the moon light shines.
ons to you with a lantern to stay in the neighborhood. Here and there it would
tell you how the stirps of Seville grew and challenged whole new worlds, be cause they had grasped in these streets the attraction of adventure.
What adventure? The street finally
Now you will suspect that the towers
lets you pass, as so many others will too,
are real, that you will find them along that the battles were not a dream but
but not without first presenting you with a jasmine perfumed breeze. Go here and there. Another quarter will
reminiscences.
receive you with the aroma of orange
your way as you enter Seville, and
But the street â&#x20AC;&#x201D; tired of solitude,
daydreams, and guitar music â&#x20AC;&#x201D; beck
blossoms and old fashioned greetings. On
high
porticos are engraved the
A picturesque lamp and window with The famous Giralda Tower.
ornamental grill work on an ancient street in Seville.
1
Ferdinand III, who reconquered Seville from the Moors an.d made it the seat of his court. Here one can admire the
Spanish sense according to which death is understood to be the sacred ally of the just. And what a just one! Death car ried off the soul of the warrior king,
but left his in'corrupt body, which is now before you. In the age old and persistent profile of this face, you dis cern the signs of his thought, sancti ty, government, and heroic deeds. Note, however, that the night is already far gone, and there are no people in the streets, where the smell of lighted candles spreads. It is Good Friday. The dawn approaches. Afar, you see the shadow of a long procession. A voice sings: "God gazes on thee and gazes once again.
And Seville sighs for thee,
A
Queen of Heaven serene;
Virgin de la Macarena our souls are saved
by thy sacred tears,
by thy sacred teats, by thy sacred tears."
V
n The Virgin of Hope, known as the Macarena, the most famous statue of Our Lady in Seville.
stories of many links and continuities and of feats performed with the same sword down through the centuries. Hadn't the river already told you? Who could recount all of these riches?
Don't be walking head down and pensive at this point. La Giralda rises vertically right in front of you. The
reach the apex where the Guardian Angel stands in weathered green bronze. This is the high point of Seville's panorama, from which flow and reflow all the graces and legends of the city, like water from a bronze fountain in
a flowery patio.
clouds have become thicker. But you
Alongside of Giralda is the cathe dral, the largest church in Christendom
will be able to gaze at length at the re
after Saint Peter's in Rome. Its builders
k
liefs and windows, whose unexpected
said: "Let us build such a church, so
curves surprise one as they stand in
great a one that those who see it fin
relation to the massive, square upright
ished will take us for madmen." In the
ness
coffer of the Royal Chapel are the il
Confraternity of penitents in their typical garb on a nocturnal procession.
lustrious remains of the king Saint,
In the background, the Giralda.
carried
to a dizzying height.
There on high, dome ascends dome to
Plinio Correa de Oliveira
i
Dismayed by the failure of the U.S. mission in Iran? Seeking reliable orientation in a chaotic
Order from
world? Read the new, enlarged edition of Revolu tion and Counter-revolution, by Prof. Plinio
10549. Price: $6.00 per copy plus $1.00 for postage and handling. Make checks payable to:
Correa de Oliveira.
The Foundation for a Christian Civilization, Inc.
the
Foundation
for a Christian
Civilization, Inc., P. O. Box 249, Mt. Kisco, N.Y.,
foR &
ChRistian CMllZetlOK j.V'
ii
IM
X I
Ui
*â&#x2013; ^1
kl
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. • *,• . .-„• %\ ^ - M
iilS'iiUI
[iMiisnir^
•.»>5"-.: SUBVERSION TO THE SOUTH THREATENING THE UNITED STATES
In a public meeting in the Pontifical Catholic University
Us?
of Sao Paulo Brazil, bishops, priests and clergy from 42 countries applauded the armed revolution that took
place in Nicaragua as a model for other Latin American countries. What serious implications does this event have
THE GOTHIC CATHEDRAL
A symbol of faith, combat, love and the
for the national security of the United States? Page 7.
conscience of the city. Page 25.
r A
TITO THE PUPPET The American TFP enthusi
astically joins in the Captive Nations Week Parade and
Rally in New
Kings, presidents, vice-presidents, com munist chiefs, religious leaders, and digni
taries from around the world gathered to bury the tyrant, Tito. Highly praised and promoted as an independent spirit who
York City.
had broken with his Soviet masters, his
Page 2.
image was one of many faces manufac tured by the communists in the psycho logical war being waged against the West. Page 2 7.
WHAT EVER HAPPENED TO
THE
PROMISED
LIBERTY
OF
1789? Before the French Revolution, the indi
vidual lived freely in the intimacy of his own
home
without
fear
of
excessive
State interference.
Today, the
ST. JOAN OF ARC
l.iberty
revolutionaries
in
promised by the
1789
has spawned
the technological, all- seeing eye of Government. Now Big Brother sees,
records and catalogues each and every detail of a citizen's life. Page 23. □ □ □
No parallel adventure exists in any other country
of
Christendom.
France—im
mersed in misery and abandoned by those who governed her—saw a young peasant girl arise to command its troops, winning victory for France and, after a shameful condemnation, sanctity for herself. 4.
EDITOR: John Hart
Volume 10, Number 3
July-Sept. 1980
ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Thomas Bell
Eugene Kenyon Murillo Galliez
The American TFP Supports the Captive Nations
PHOTOGRAPHY:
Edward Thompson Gary Isbell
St. Joan of Arc â&#x20AC;&#x201D; The Maid of Orleans
CIRCULATION DIRECTOR:
Gerald Campbell FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS:
Special Report: Subversion to'the South
Paris: Arturo Hlebniklen Rome: Paulo H. Chaves Montreal: Michel Renaud
What Ever Happened to the Liberty Promised in 1789?
Sao Paulo: Jose Lucio A. Correa Buenos Aires: Jorge M. Storni Caracas: Pedro Morazzani
Santiago: Jose A. Ureta The Gothic Cathedral
Montevideo: Raul de Corral
Bogota: Julio Hurtado Quito: Juan M. Montes
Tito the Puppet
La Paz: Julio Bonilla
ARISE O LORD! WHY SLEEPEST THOU?
Crusade for a Christian Civilization. P.O. Box 176, Plcasantville, N.V. 10570.
Issued Quarterly. Subscription: U.S.A. $9.50, Foreign $10.50 (Foreign Air Mail $17.00). When changing your address, please send both new and old ad
dresses. Some back issues available. Descriptive price list on request,
OUR COVER: The American
TTP participating in the Cap tive Nations Rally in New York City.
The American TFP
at the Captive Nations Rallp Wearing their distinctive bright red capes with the
familiar rampant lion emblem, sixty members and collaborators of the American TFP swelled the ranks
of the colorfully dressed Captive Nations' participants in the 22nd Annual Captive Nations' parade in July. Three members of the American TFP each carried an enormous 10-ft. TFP standard emblazoned with a
golden lion and the words: Tradition, Family and Property.(One standard carried this wording in Polish.) All during the march along Fifth Avenue to Cen
tral Park, the TFP members kept up a constant bar rage of slogans and songs that attracted the attention
of the many thousands of New Yorkers and tourists. The following Sunday, the TFP also participated in the closing ceremonies of Captive Nations Week that were held at the base of the Statue of Liberty. At this event, one of the TFP members addressed the assembled crowd.
Opposite page (left to right): Assembling in front of New York City's Saint Patrick's Cathedral; parading up Fifth Avenue; on the way to Central Park.
Below; Making an impact in Central Park - On stage and talking with other Captive Nations Rally participants.
\N N-
.■■ ^
% ¥
ST. JOAN
OF ARC 4
€
m
THE MAID
OF
ORLEANS
St. Joafi of Arc: Virgw, warrior, martyr and saint. Some 300 knights in medieval garb bearing arms and shields festively proceeded in a great equestrian parade
through
the
pathways of northern
France until they were finally received b.\- the public in Orleans. Crossing the
l^ont Royal, they headed, accompanied
anniversary of the miraculous liberation of Orleans by the Maid of Donremy. The Joan of Arc Center, headed by the well-known historian Regine Pernoud brought together the learned from the
ty was solemnly proclaimed
he
Catholic Church when she was canon
ized by Pope Benedict XV on May 9, 1920 in Saint Peter's Basilica.
main European universities as well as those of other countries.
by the ringing of the bells, for the house
where Joan of Arc herself had lodged The example of Saint Joan of Arc
in days of yore.
Heroes and above all Saints, who are « •*
Thus it was that the public celebra
tions jointly sponsored by the Joan of
illustrates how
on
certain
occasions
heroes par excellence, generally become
Divine Providence leads men and na
better known, their memory acquiring more luster with the passage of the
tions by acting directly and visibly through his Saints, just as it led the
Arc Center and the International Col
centuries. Such is the case with the ex
chosen people in the Old Testament
loquium of Medieval History began as
traordinary virgin of Donremy, unjustly
by acting through the Prophets. Such
part (jf a commemoration of the 550th
burned at the stake in 1431. Her sancti
a one was Saint Joan of Arc who led
4 CRUSADE
a nation, France, in a time of crisis.
participated in her condemnation ap pear.
On June 11, 1455, Pope Calixtus III
Siege and Entrance of Orleans
officially authorized the revision of the canonical proceedings in the case of the holy warrior.
The city of Orleans was the first to be favored by Joan's military victories. Besieged by the English in October of 1428, its people would have been over
come by hunger if the Saint had not ar rived there in April of 1429. She was leading a convoy of foodstuffs and managed to pass through the encircling army.
That day men-at-arms, burghers, wo men, and children received her with
The decision of the Holy See was
a natural consequence of the consen sus, and in some cases of the remorse,
that little by little was taking shape all over France. It was clearly admitted that the Maid of Donremy had been condemned in spite of her obvious innocence.
The
chronicles relate that Saint
Joan of Arc, refusing to accept the fitness of the judges, appealed to the Pope at a certain point, declaring
lighted torches as if they were receiving some envoy of Heaven. The long wait was ended and all felt comforted by the
judgment. But in violation of all the
certainty that they would soon be freed. The liberation took place on May 7, with the capture of the fort of Tourelles that protected the bridge
tion, her appeal, by a formal decision of Bishop Cauchon, was not even registered.
to Orleans. The English scattered without entering combat, while the French soldiers were filled with courage
Guillaume de Estouteville, the papal legate, had gathered information about
and enthusiasm.
the matter all over France. It was now
outstanding features a moral solidi
a matter of elucidating the causes and
ty and a certain joie de vivre. This
and dedicated only three of those years
circumstances
aspect of her character was shown
to her public life, Joan of Arc left a
pronounced 20 years before.
Although she lived only 19 years
that she submitted herself filially to his rules of the tribunals of the Inquisi
Even
before Calixtus Ill's order,
of
the
condemnation
Re-enactvient of St. Joan's triumphal entry into the city of Otleans.
even during the monotonous circum
profound mark on the history of France. She is one of the most cited personal
As the bells of the Cathedral of
stances of her imprisonment, for her
Notre Dame of Paris rang in Novem
ities of her time. For example, history
ber 1455, the first solemn audience
anguish was never sufficient to shake her psychological and mental balance.
has left us the whole documentation
took place. Then a peasant woman
of her trial, the record of her post mortem rehabilitation, as well as many
by her sons, came walking through the
bent under the weight of her age, led
The Joan of Arc Center in Orleans
nave of the church to answer simply and firmly the questions that were
presently has a library of 7,000volumes,
posed to her by various prelates. She
works that were written about her later.
as well as archives, microfilms, and
was Isabelle Romee, mother of Joan
slides that enable the public to know this chapter of French history better.
of Arc.
It is housed in the place where Joan of Arc stayed immediately after the liber ation of Orleans. The building, which was mutilated in the last century, was restored to its primitive form in 1940.
out in Rouen, since it was decided
Testimonies
In her book, Viet et Mort de Jeanne
d'Arc (Hachette, Paris, 1953), Regine Pernoud transcribes the principal testi monies given in this process. Boisguillaume explains to the judges
The other hearings were carried
that "he
had
heard
it said
tha
should take place in the same city
those guilty of the death of Joan i. a most shameful death." For example, Nicholas Midy contracted leprosy a
that had been the scene of her con
few days after the Saint's execution,
demnation.
and Bishop Cauchon died suddenly while he was shaving.
that the process of her rehabilitation
One can imagine the emotion of
many people in those little cities of
Jean
Messieu,
remember
in
well
turn,
related:
that frequently
fifteenth
After Her Martyrdom
heralds announced the installation of
several questions, each one different
the tribunal and convoked "all those
from the other, were put to Joan at
A topic that the rich documenta tion of the Joan of Arc Center enables one to examine in detail is her process of vindication, in which a great num
ber of the witnesses and judges that
century France when the
"I
Vindicated 20 Years
Maid"
the same time. She, displeased, would
to give their testimony there. Her childhood acquaintances con firmed, one by one, Joan's extraordin ary virtues, emphasizing as her most
say: "Ask the questions one at a time."
who
had
known
Joan, the
And I marvelled how she could answer
the subtle and captious questions put to her, questions that a man of letters CRUSADE 5
pronounce, decree, and
would have found difficult to answer."
declare that
the aforementioned process of con
Isambart de la Pierre tells what he
heard from an English soldier who par
demnation, stained with fraud, calum
ticularly detested the warrior-shepherd ess and who had sworn that he himself
ny, and iniquity, with manifest contra diction and error of fact and of law,
would hurl the torch that would light
including the abjuration, the execu
the bonfire for her death. When that
tion, and all its consequences, were
man saw Joan, already suffocated by
and are null, without value or effect,
the fire, cry out the name of Jesus for
and void..."
the last time, he was seized with terror.
A copy of the articles of accusa
111'^
So he went to a tavern near the old
tion that served as the basis for the
market place of Rouen, drinking a bit to recover his strength. The soldier did not hide his repentance, for as he he himself declared to Isambart, "he
process of condemnation was sym bolically ripped. That day a proclamation was heard at the exact place of Joan of Arc's exe cution, Rouen's old market place. Im
was very much afraid of being damned
mediately afterwards, a solemn cortege
because he had burnt a holy woman."
moved through the streets of the city!
said, "Joan was a holy woman" and as
Glorification
There is no parallel to the epopee The adversaries of Joan of Arc, those who had condemned her, could
of Joan of Arc in any other country
not manage to justify their position. Accordingly, after a few months, the process
of her vindication
reached
its end. Officers of the law on
fixed
Q
notices
House where St. Joan stayed in the
troops â&#x20AC;&#x201D; one who would be led from
city of Orleans
the fires of execution to the altars.
Four centuries would elapse before
the doors of the churches sum
moning all persons who had anything to testify against Joan's rehabilitation.
Ursins, Archbishop of Reims, read with great solemnity the final report: "We, seated in our tribunal and hav
No one came forward. . .
The 7th of July, 1456, Jean de
ing only God before our eyes.. . say.
^ 1 rr' I?
Artist's rendering ofSt. Joan going to the Cathedral after the victory. 6 CRUSADE
of Christendom. The France of her time, in misery and abandoned by its govern ors, saw a young woman come out of the countryside and rise to command its
she would come to shine in the firma
ment of the Saints of the Church,
like a distant star whose light takes a long while to reach the earth,
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CRUSADE 7
Subversion: Prologue to "Finlandizing" the United States? "We have suffered a great
defeat
without war, the consequences of which will travel far with us. ...And do not
suppose that this is the end. This is only the beginning of the reckoning." (Winston
Churchill in the House of
lyn/in
after Chamberlain's return
INTERNACIONALISilO
Commons
from Munich in 1939.)
It is a mostly forgotten (perhaps hidden) fact of history that Prime
PRDIETASIO!
Minister Neville Chamberlain's attempt
to appease Hitler was due not only to cowardice but also because England, at that time, was no longer the great politi cal, economic and military power that she had once been. Lacking courage, she sought concession. Lacking a
i
national will, she engendered war. Can it be said that the United States
of today is much like England of the 30's? Weakened by years of "detente" with the Soviet Union and, in the face
of the communist advance all over the,
mmmm
globe, the United States satisfied it self with a stalemate in Korea in the '50's; abandonment of Vietnam in the '60's; dishonor in Iran and a timid
response to the tragedy of Afghanistan
A march for international sohdarity ofthe 'working classes in Latin America
of our current day. Is it any wonder that the U.S. has a shaky hold on the title of the anti-communist superpower of the West?
In view of this weakened (albeit,
not weak) position of the United States
as the guardian of liberty for those countries who still want to resist com
munism, there is a growing alarm about the advances of communism in our own
\
hemisphere. Not only is there cause for concern about the communist threat in
the Caribbean area; but the strong Soviet presence there raises the possibil ity of the establishment of "bases of subversion" on the entire South Ameri
can continent as well. These "bases of
subversion" have, as
their
ultimate
goal, to disrupt what has been termed "the soft underbelly of the United States" and thereby impede or cut off
(i
the supply of oil and other raw materi
als vital to our country, that originates from or passes through this area to the south.
PLO leader Yasser Arafat (center) with Sandinista leaders â&#x20AC;&#x201D; an international connection?
This article analyzes a case in point â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
starting to play an important role in
the Sandinist takeover in Nicaragua,
the events that will shape the future
showing how that "base of subversion"
of the United States.
is not only having immediate effects on neighboring Central American coun
What has been the official U.S. reac tion to the Sandinist scenario?
reception from the American public. Assistant Secretary for Latin American Affairs, William Bowlder; casting him self
as
a
latter-day "Chamberlain"
tries, but has also found receptive ears
Recently, the Congress of the United
said, on April 9 of this year while speaking to the Pan American Society
in countries of South America that have
States authorized (somewhat belatedly)
in New York, that the situation in
been traditionally friendly to the United
$75 million dollars for the Sandinist
Nicaragua is not yet defined and "that
States. Through its links with the Soviet
there still exists the alternative that the
Moscow-supported international terror
government in Nicaragua. This was just part of a previously, approved $156 million aid package whose final pay
ist organizations, little Nicaragua is
ment is waiting for a more favorable
Union (via Castro's Cuba) and with
8 CRUSADE
revolution can advance toward an open and pluralistic government based on a mixed economy between the state and
Partners in revolution â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
National Guard at the height of the
Bishop of Grenada(cen
struggle. For the effect on the United States,
ter); Ortega of Nicara
the events taking place in Nicaragua
gua with Fidel Castro
under the guidance of the Soviets and its surrogate, Castro's Cuba, must be viewed in terms of the Soviet's total "strateev of denial."
"For the Soviets, the Third World is
an integral part of their ideological design of the world as they now per ceive it and as they theoretically expect it to be with the unfolding of history; it is a vital component in the correla tion of world forces that in the Soviet
view implies a shift in the balance of world power in their favor...It has be come the instrumentality for expand ing and globalizing Soviet influence and power, and for reducing or deny ing that of the United States, the West ..."(Congressional Research Service.) The "strategy of denial" is the man
euver by which the United States is "denied" needed
resources (oil, raw
materials, etc) that the Third World countries provide. The current "energy crisis" caused by the Arab world's manipulation of the oil supplies is real
private enterprise," adding that "the
enemy and stated that all who were not
decisive factor for the future will be
in accord with the new unity "are in
work. The"strategy of denial" is in ac
actions not ideology." {Focus on Latin
the hands of the enemy."
cordance with the Leninist doctrine of
America, Vol. I, May 1980). While
capable
the
Assistant Secretary is
of dismissing action from
ideology, others are not.
During the latter part of February, Maurice Bishop, the Marxist prime min
ister of Grenada, visited Nicaragua and the two governments signed a declara
The intention of communism to use
the Sandinista success story as a spring board to similar successes America is obvious.
in
Latin
Shortly after, as if to emphasize the direction in which Nicaragua was head
ing in the May Day celebration in Man
During the early part of March, an International Solidarity Conference
agua, where enormous pictures of Marx and Lenin were highly visible, even to the casual observer, junta mem ber Daniel Ortega attacked the United States as "our enemy." He also said that Nicaragua "had won the right to have
with Nicaragua was held in Managua.
relations with the socialist camp...
tion offering full support to the "inde pendence of Puerto Rico and Belize and to the heroic Salvadorean people."
Representatives from seventy-five organ-
with Algeria, Mozambique, Angola, and
izarions from the Americas and Europe
other African countries, with Vietnam." {Focus on Latin America, Vol. I, June
were
in
attendance. The Conference
fully supported the Nicaraguan revolu tionary process and, in a final docu
1980).
ment, it was stated that the Nicaraguan
scandalous statments and events that
revolution can only be understood and interpreted in the context of the fight of the peoples of Central America
communists in the Nicaraguan govern
and
from tyranny. {Focus on Latin Ameri
on May 21, continued to hold his pre vious position that the revolution in
ca, Vol. I, April 1980).
Nicaragua "continues being compatible
the Caribbean for the liberation
Following this meeting, at a rally held in mid-March in Grenada to cele
brate the overthrow of the ex-prime minister, Erica Giary, The Nicaraguan
Notwithstanding
capitalism {Backgrounder, No. 104). According to Lenin, advanced capitalist states dominate the less developed countries in a form of economic imperi alism. This "neo-colonialism, is, at least
in Lenin's theory, necessary for the capitalist states because their own in ternal economic situation becomes more
unstable and because this "exploitation"
demonstrated the growing power of the ment, Assistant
Secretary
Bowlder,
with an open society, pluralistic, of mixed economy, and that the decisive factor in the evolution of the country
wll be 'acts, not ideology.'"
According to a UPl report. Bowlder
along with Prime Minister Manley of
defended the necessity of U.S. aid,
Jamaica and Bishop of Grenada, com
saying that "we have no intention to
mitting themselves to carry out a "new
abandon
member Daniel Ortega condemned Yankee Imperialism calling it the main
imperialism as "the highest stage of
these and other
Junta members issued a joint statement
regional unity" and to aid the revolu tionary movements in the area. Junta
evidence of how well this strategy can
the field
â&#x2013;
to the Cubans."
:â&#x2013;
1-
'
Mr. Bowlder's resolve rings somewhat hollow since the Administration, in ef
fect, abandoned the field when U.S.
"Che" Guevara -- a revolutionary model
military aid was cut off from Somoza's
for Latin Amenca.
CRUSADE 9
I
of the Third World countries allows the
capitalist ruling class to provide material
benefits for their own exploited workers.
T
This, according to Marxist doctrine,
helps to defuse their revolutionary potential.
Following this theory, Soviet theoriticians predicted that the United States
would soon face shortages of the raw materials that were available in Latin
America. Application of this theory received a serious sec back when the
Soviet-backed Allende government of Chile fell in 1973. In the view of the So
viets, Allende cried to move "too far,
too fast." He had not sufficiently neu tralized opposition in the armed forces,
the economy and in public opinion. Ac cordingly, the Soviets came to believe that
"wars
of
national
Chile: Students protest against Allende's programs
liberation"
would be vital alternative instruments
to secure their designs in Latin America. In an article in 1974, Boris N. Ponomarev. Head of the International De
partment of the Central Committee
'J
of the Communist Party in Moscow, analyzed
the
lessons
of
Allende's
downfall. While emphasizing the need to "broaden the base" of the revolution
through infiltration and propaganda, Ponomarev
stressed
the "tremendous
importance of being prepared to prompt ly change forms of struggle, peaceful and non-peaccful, of the ability to repel the counter-revolutionary violence of the bourgeoisie with revolutionary vi
olence. (Soviet Penetration of Latin America
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Washington Center for
Advanced International Studies, 1975, p. 16).
Sandinista revolutionaries. Their success serves as an inspiration for other.Marxist rebels trying to overthrow the order of things in other Latin American countries. Viewed in this light, the Sandinist
victory in Nicaragua is more than just one small country's falling into the com
munist camp. It is a step in a long range program of "finlandizing" the United States.
Alreadv the exportation of the San
dinist techniques has begun and not only in its fragile Central American neighbors
where
leftist
violence
is
mounting, but also in South America where the revolutionaries are "broaden
ing their base."
Such also is the case pointed out in
the report in "Nicaragua Night" â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a special session
of the International
Ecumenical Congress of Theology re cently held at the Pontifical Catholic University in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
International Ecumenical Congress of Theology participants-, (left to right) a Chilean priest, a mm from Colombia, and a Brazilian priest. Common cause? One could ask the question: Are the application of the strategy of
Delegates from over 42 countries were among those who warmly ap plauded Nicaraguan junta members
the Soviets, smarting at their great loss
denial theory. In the face of the cat
in Chile (a loss they have been unable to recoup, even until today despite
astrophic results such a new Sandin
and fellow guerillas who came to pro
massive propaganda) attempting to
mote the Sandinist way of liberation in that country.
the reader to study the strange case of
"broaden their base" in Brazil and'
Nicaragua Night - Liberation Theology
use that country also as an element in
Put Into Practice.
10 CRUSADE
ist adventure would cause, it behooves
Nicaragua—A Base of Subversion for the
Whole of Latin America
i' '' ■
:
•^ •
f
*
'i t : i
i'♦
m
Daniel Ortega Saavedra standing -with bis clenched fist high in the air, with the guerrilla David Chavarria on his right, extolls "the heroic and magnificent Cuban revolution with Fidel Castro at its head." Fr. Uriel Molina (first from the left), Friar Betto and Fr. Miguel D'Escoto (to the reader's right) applaud. On the table are posters of the "saints" of the Nicaraguan revolu tion: Sandino and Carlos Amador.
Christian Communities." In all, forty-
pants have been reprinted at the em. of this article.)
threatening destruction of the continent
two nations were represented at the meeting giving it a wide international
with the largest Catholic population in
character.
A volcano more devastating than Mount St. Helens is rumbling in Brazil,
the world - and one whose geographical
Noteworthy among the "honored"
position is in an area that has been un comfortably called the "soft underbelly
guests was a delegation from Nicaragua,
of the United States."
ta-Daniel Ortega Saavedra. During a special session of the Congress dubbed "Nicaragua Night," Ortega extolled
A recent single event, little public ized in the United States, is sufficient to
show the lines connecting the violent rev olution in Nicaragua with a similar plan for the whole South American continent.
On February 28, 1980, the Inter national Ecumenical Congress of The ology opened in TUCA, the Auditorium
including one member of the new jun
With markedly demogogic expressions and tones of voice, Ortega became the
other clergy attending the Congress.
star of the evening as he emphasized the
The link between "progressivism"
of the Pontifical Catholic University in
cal orientation and statements of the
consisted of bishops, priests, nuns, and
main speakers at "Sandinist Night."
activists
(The full, unedited speeches of the par-
so-called
"Basic
the Revolutionary Nicaraguan workers and peasants."
ation theo!ogy"-that same liberation theology advocated by the bishops and
Sao Paulo, Brazil. Most of the audience
the
"I bring to the Brazilian workers, peasants, and patriots the embrace of
armed revolution in the name of "liber
and subversion becomes patently evident upon analyzing the backgrounds, politi
from
DANIEL ORTEGA SAAVEDRA -
Member of the Nicaraguan Junta.
communitarian character of the revolu tion in his countr\', "1 do not believe that the revolution
can be isolated from the struggles of the peoples, it (the revolutionary victory) was possible in Nicaragua because the CRUSADE n
"I wiD try to thank you with deeds, and if necessary with blood. . Bishop Pedro Casaldaliga of Sao Felix do Araguaia, BrazO. peoples of Latin America and the world
daliga expressed his thanks for the gift
Nicaragua, liberation, life, a new father
decidedly supported it. Likewise, Nicaraguans are not unaware of the blood shed, in the fight of the peoples of this
h.e had just received from Idibal Piveta,
land."
continent for their liberation . .." The
international character of the
the master of ceremonies of the Sandin-
ist Night program. Piveta explained: "When we were in Nicaragua in Decem ber ... we received some uniforms and
ment to further the "Nicaraguan-style"
presents from the guerrillas of Nicaragua for us to give to Brazilian companions,
revolution throughout Latin America
to pay homage to that Brazilian who has
made by this quasi-chief of state is un
fought for his people, for liberty and so cial justice. I would like to give this uni form, presented by aguerrilla companion from Nicaragua, to Bishop Pedro Casaldaliga."Frenzy in the auditorium reached
Nicaraguan revolution and the incite
deniable.
Although Ortega extolled the "he
roic and magnificant Cuban revolution,"
he noted that it could not be repeated in the same way. Formerly, "everybody wanted to be a Fidel Castro," he said. Now, however, the revolution, as he saw it, was to take an even more radical
a climax when the prelate donned the
These words seem to mean that the
disconcerting prelate of Araguaia pre sents himself as the new "Che" Guevara,
as a hothead of that minority which is yet insignificant, but is disposed to take its design to overthrow the order of things in Latin America to its ultimate consequences ("... with blood ...") in
order to implant a revolutionary regime in its place. Such a regime would be one
in which all inequalities, family, and pri vate property rights would disappear and the people would become masses flat
jacket of the uniform and embraced
tened out by the centralized power of
Piveta.
some party or group.
are symbols of the revolution. That is
When the clapping and whistling sub sided, the Bishop declared:" . .. dressed as guerrilla, I feel as 1 might (when)
why there is no supreme leader in Nica
dressed as a priest."
Christian Communities."
Monsignor "Hammer and Sickle" as Bishop Casaldaliga calls himself in one of
Bible because the devil as such does not
his books, said that he received that uni
exist but capitalism does exist."
tack. No longer will there be men who
ragua, but rather a five-man junta. And the FSLN itself is governed by a nineman directorate.
In view of the emphasis the new
form as "sacrament of liberation." And,
Nicaraguan regime gives to the collcc-
in a clear allusion to the Brazilian army,
tivist nature of the revolution, this
he added, "This color greenâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the green
regime, as we see it, is more radical than communist governments
of our jungles, being sacrificed in the Amazonâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;has at times signified repres
which were actually headed by "strong
sion, torture. It has also signified in
the
classic
SOCORRO GUERRERO - a female
member
of the
Nicaraguan "Basic
"(Capitalism) ... is the devil of the
Although she presented herself as a semi-literate, Guerrero described the
various phases of her transformation
from mother and housewife to a guerrilla quite logically: first, just a simple peas-
men." In Nicaragua, the regime is more communitarian, more communist.
This interpretation, drawn from the
words of Junta member Daniel Ortega Saavedra (excerpted here but spelled out in greater detail later in this article) sheds more light on a proclamation made four years ago by the Brazilian Bishop Pedro Casaldaliga, who calls himself "Monsignor Hammer and Sickle": "I know that I can and must
go
farther
than
Communism." (cf.
Yo Creo en la jnsticia y en la esperanza, 1976, p. 180) This is the revolution that the Nic
araguan leader went to preach in Brazil as a model for the whole continent.
BISHOP PEDRO CASALDALIGA,
of Sao Felix do Araguaia, Brazil. "I will try to thank you with deeds,
and if necessary with blood. We will
fight..." "(When) dressed as a guerrilla I feel as I might (when) dressed as a priest."
Idibal Piveta presenting Sandinista guerrilla uniform to Msgr. Pedro Casaldaliga With these words. Bishop Casal 12 CRUSADE
Msgr. Hammer and Sickle.
counter difficulties in overcoming the habits of a people whose life is deeply marked by centuries of Catholic tradi
tion. The leaders of the "Popular Church" know this quite well. Accordingly, this session of the International Ecumenical Congress was well planned so that the stark state
ments and intentions of the speakers would not "rock the boat"
"Sandinist Night" was coordinated by the Dominican Friar Carlos Alberto Libanio Christo, better known as the notorious Frei Betto. He was one of the
pivotal figures in thcMarighelacasein '69. □ □ □
The "Father of International Terrorism"
Friar Betto has a long history of subversive activities as well as intimate
links with Carlos Marighela, considered by some to be the "father of interna tional terrorism."
How did itallbeginPCarlosMarighela, a former communist congressman, had
Subversion embraces progressivism.
ant housewife; then, nine years of in
the end) 1 felt that it was not I who
doctrination in the basic Christian com
was preaching the Gospel. The young
munities under the direction of Fr. Uriel
Sandinists of Nicaragua were beginning
Mqlina; finally her commitment to the
to preach it."
guerrilla movement.She affirmed that al though the revolution in Brazil would be difficult, it was not impossible .adding that the worst evil m Brazil is capitalism. Further, her denial of the existence of
the devil is a way of saying that God doesn't exist either. These affirmations
were warmly applauded by the audience. This speech by a representative of Nicaragua's Basic Christian Communi
ties provides a clear example of how a simple, peaceful person can be hooked into the revolutionary struggle.
Fr. Molina remarks give clear testi
mony of the involvement of the "pro gressive" clergy in the revolutionary
struggle. He describes his activity inthc ecclesiastical structure as a chaplain
of the guerrillas, emphasizing the de velopment of his own indentification
with the guerrilla ideal and, in the end, justifying violence. *
«
«
It is difficult to set a forest afire if
the wood is nor dry. Similarly, the heralds of "liberation theology" en
become convinced that the methods of
Brazilian
Communist
Party
founder
Luiz Carlos Prestes did not work, and
that it was necessary to speed up the revolutionary process by adopting a vio lent political line. Expelled from the
Party, he founded the National Libera tion Alliance (ALN), which aimed to
seize power through urban and rural guerrilla actions. He
wrote
the
well-known
Letters
from Havana and Matiual of the Urban Guerrilla, which was distributed widely among militants of subversive Brazilian organizations. Manual of the Urban
Guerrilla was also published in Europe, where by August of 1977, according to press reports, it was at the root of a
terrorist assault in Germany with inter-
DAVID CHAVARRIA - A Nicara-
guan Christian Guerrilla
"(The well-being of a whole people) ... This people is precisely the great fatherland, the free . fatherland, the whole of Latin America ..."
When one considers the background of David Chavarria one wonders just what is meant by the "well-being" of the people of the whole of Latin Ameri ca. Mr. Chavarria was a member of the Basic Christian Communities for some
twelve years and then an activist in the
Sandinist organization. He justifies an armed, active, and well-organized strug
gle on the basis of "liberation theology." FR. URIEL MOLINA — Chaplain of the Basic Christian Communitie.s.
"I felt. . . that the Gospel had been appropriated for a long time by the rich, by the powerful classes; and (in
i
Revolutionary "preachers" — (left to right) Fr, Molina, David Chavarria, Ortega, Frei Betto, Fr. D'Escoto. CRUSADE
13
national repercussioJis. In tact, a whole series of hijackings, indiscriminate mass
murders, kidnappings and assassinations of ambassadors and high political per
sonages, as well as the seizing of hostages in embassies constitute but so many
applications of the principles in this manual.
In 1969, Marighela was on the po lice's most wanted list. The newspapers
reported that although the police could not find him, they had captured a mili tant of the ALN and had discovered
that a group of Dominican friars â&#x20AC;&#x201D; priests and seminarians â&#x20AC;&#x201D; was giving assistance to the ALN, (which had al
ready made itself responsible for a series of bombings, murders, bank robberies, and thefts of arms and automobiles,etc.)
Friar Fernando de Brito (a priest) and Friar Yves do Amaral Lesbaupin ( a seminarian) were the first Dominicans to be arrested in Sao Paulo.
On November 4, the police took Friar Fernando to the Duas Cidades
bookstore
where
tHe
friar
worked.
There they obliged him to telephone
Marighela and set up an urgent meeting between him and the two Dominicans.
Immediately afterwards, the police took the two captured Dominicans to Casa
Branca boulevard, the place of their rendevous with Marighela, and left them there, handcuffed, in a car.
The
terrorist
chief
confidently
walked forward to meet his two ecclesi
astical accomplices. The police pre sented themselves and Marighela was killed in the shootout.
An international audience of bishops, priests, nuns, and lay activists from the
Basic Christian Communities â&#x20AC;&#x201D; readying for Revolution? tions and personalities, a picture begins
This is a revolution that threatens the future of all of the Americas. It
to emerge. One can sec how the revolu
is a revolution that may bathe them in
When we consider all these declara
tionaries in Nicaragua sought to join
blood. But its decisive factor is above
all the discontented sectors of society
all psychological; a factor already ac
into a single revolutionary front for the overthrow of the existing order of things. The Communists, atheists, and their ilk set out directly for armed com
tive in the media and in religious and civic organizations.
Since the fire of progressivism and
bat. Meanwhile, the Basic Christian Com
liberation theology is widespread in the
munities andihe progressive clergy sought
U.S. too, we publish in the following pages the speeches delivered at the
As a consequence, a whole network
to justify this violence on the basis of liberation theology.
of terrorists fell in the police roundup,
When the united front took form,
tions of these revolutionaries appear
all of them began the final assault. This was the way it was in Nicaragua, and this is the plan for all of Latin America. It
with shocking clarity. Thus our readers may increase their awareness of, and
among them Friar Betto, captured in Rio Grande do Sul, where he assisted subversives in fleeing the country.
On September 13, 1971, the three Dominicans were found guilty and sen tenced to four years imprisonment by a
"Nicaragua. Night," in which the inten
the Nicaraguans had gone to preach in
act to frustrate the designs of those utilizing the prestige and authority of the Holy Catholic Church to preach
Brazil under the guise of ecumenism.
communist subversion.
was a religious and political war that
military court in Sao Paulo. The High Military Court confirmed the sentence
on July 17, 1972 and penalized them further with a ten-year suspension of political rights. On September 25, 1973, the Federal Supreme Court, considering that the convicted friars
were not "organizers" of the gang but merely participants in their "support sector" or "logistic sector," reduced
their sentences to two years imprison ment.
Three other Dominican friars in volved in the same case were con
demned in absentia to four years im prisonment and were further penalized
with a ten year suspension of their political rights. They are; Friars Oswaldo Augusto Rezende Junior, Luiz Felipe Ratton Mascarenhas, and Magno Jose
Msgr. "Hammer and Sickle" in Sandinista guerrilla uniform, ". , . vested
Vilella.
priest. .."
14 CRUSADE
as a
"Nicaragua Night"—Liberation Theology Put Into Practice
M O RTkI
LIB
The Sandinista motto, "A free fatherland or death" hangs over the audience, made up mostly of priests, nuns, and militants of the BCC (Basic Christian Com munities).
Editor's Note: Since anyone who wished was allowed to have tape recorders on
the speakers' table, our reporter re corded the session, some speeches of which we reproduce below. Although the language at times reflects the edu cation of the speaker, we have tran scribed it exactly as stated; we have not
and among the peasants. In 1956 the guerrillas avenged Sandino's death with
I - THEME: THEORY APPLIED TO A CONCRETE CASE
the death of Somoza.
Today's theme is Pastoral Practice and Political Practice. Nothing would
The United Front in the Cities
be more fitting than presenting pastoral practice with its political consequences, as in the case of Nicaragua.
dinista National Liberation Front arises.
placed "sic" beside the grammatical and other errors, as we deemed that the
interruptions of the text would consti
In the period 1956 to 1963 the San
It was founded by the revolutionary Carlos Fonseca Amador, who was mur
dered by the forces of repression in
Nicaragua
Nicaragua is a small country in Cen
1976. '63 to '76 arc years of establish
tute an unnecessary distraction for the
tral America — small compared to the
reader. The emphasis, titles and sub titles, as well as the parenthetical
dimensions of Brazil but great because it has already achieved that which we
ment and expansion of guerrilla groups. '67 to 1974 is the phase of gathering
insertions, are ours.
are still seeking, that is, the liberation of its people. Nicaragua has about 3
Three Years of Repression
Speaker: Now I call on our wellknown and popular Frei Betto (see page
million
inhabitants
and
an
area
of
132,000 square kilometers.
13) to coordinate the solemnities and
the working sessions tonight.
50 Years of Struggle
Frei Betto: In the first place you must have already noticed that we have
The Sandinista Era.
forces even in the cities.
From 1974 to 1977 a powcri pression is unleashed against the Sandin ista Front and the revolutionary fighters.
The Front Broadens — Victory But beginning in
October 1977,
the Sandinista National Liberation Front
here with us the participants of the International Ecumenical Congress of Theology representing 42 countries of
The struggle of the Nicaraguan peo ple, a people oppressed since the last
century especially by the Americans, for their liberation, began most decisive
in Nicaragua. It manages to unleash the
the world, most of whom are from the
ly in 1927 led by Sandino. Sandino
Third World and all the nations of Latin
carried on the fight, planted the seed of
America except Cuba, because our
this fight until 1934, when he was mur
government does not have (diplomatic)
dered by the father of the dictator Somoza, who was overthrown last year.
relations with the Cuban government. But all during the congress we have
made a point of keeping a chair covered with a Cuban banner at the sessions,
(applause and whistles)
20 Years of Guerrilla Warfare
Between 1934 and 1956 the fight took place mainly in the mountains
manages to unify the opposition groups process of struggle that in fact results in the fall of the dictatorship of the Somoza family, which had been in power for 44 years. On July 19, 1979
the Sandinista Front and dac people of Nicaragua begin in fact to live in a free country. 1 would like to announce the names
of the Nicaraguan comrades who reall)' participated in this fight and are here CRUSADE 15
present. Here present among us is Comandante Daniel Ortega Saavedra, who is
And the same celebration drives us
to the same hope.
a member of the Junta of the govern
I would just like, in closing, to ask
ment of reconstruction of Nicaragua
and of the national leadership of the
all of you that we be consistent: that which we are celebrating, that which we
Sandinista National Liberation Front.
are applauding, commits us to the end.
Also present is Father Miguel D'Escoto, who is Minister of Foreign Relations of
Nicaragua has given us the example.
less in '69 I was a person, who, so to speak, did not think, since I had not
come to grips with my realities until more or less the '70's. Then the move
ment of the Basic Communities began to appear in Nicaragua. I took interest in
it and began to frequent it in the neighborhood where 1 live. There Fr. Uriel Molina is in charge of pastoral
Nicaragua; Mrs. Socorro Guerreiro, of Managua's Basic Communities; David
work.
Chavarria, member of the Sandinista National Liberation Front and also of
Revolutionary "Concientization"
the Basic Communities of Nicaragua; tor in the outskirts of Managua.
Then we began to question ourselves with the Bible, since God gave it that charism which by means of the word
II - GUERRILLA UNIFORM FOR
reality: That reality where we live sub
and Father Uriel Molina, who is a pas
of God we come to discover our social
merged, where we didn't have water,
A BISHOP IN BRAZIL
we didn't have light, we didn't have in
food, our hospital service was lacking,
Nicaragua in December expressing our small solidarity with the people of Nicaragua and of Latin America, we received some uniforms and presents
to sum up, a series of such things. And
given us right from our birth.
from guerrillas of Nicaragua for us to give to Brazilian companions, to pay
Stages of Indoctrination
Idibal
Piveta:
When
we
were
above all we discovered, or rather we
rediscovered, the gift that God had
But a person like me, without ed
homage to that Brazilian who has fought
ucation, — 1 only reached the third year of grade school — almost unable
for his people, for liberty and social justice. I would like to give this uni form, presented by a guerrilla compan ion from Nicaragua, to Bishop Pedro Casaldaliga.(uproarous applause,shouts, and whistles)
to write, only to read, I came to grasp this treasure, which one only discovers
Msgr. Pedro Casaldaliga (Msgr. Haminer and Sickle)
The Bishop Speaks: Invitation to Fight to the Death
All of us, all the peoples of Latin America, all the peoples of the Third
through God and the companions we have beside us. And 1 came to realize
that the problem was great. But this is
done by
biblical studies where we
question our reality through the Gospel.
World, are going after them,(uproarous
Bishop Pedro Casaldaliga I will try to
Politicization
thank you for this sacrament of libera tion which 1 have just received. This green color — the green of our jungles
applause. Immediately afterwards the audience is invited to sing along in a song dedicated to a Sandinist who died in guerrilla fighting. A musical group
conscious of the social problem in
being sacrificed in the Amazon ~ has
leads.)
step comes. . .when a person gets in volved in the social problems of his
at times signified repression, torture. It, has also signified, in Nicaragua, liber
ation, life, a new fatherland, I say that I will try to thank you with deeds, and if necessary, with blood. We will fight. . . Our common hope, that is faith in God and faith in the people of the poor; the will we have for a new, free America; the will for us to conquer liberty — which is not given, it is con quered: with thcdiffcrentpeoplesunited inside each fatherland; natives, blacks, united; fatherland to fatherland.
This day, today, is for me, for all
of us, a truly historic day. For the first time in Brazil, in the
world, the faith of the thought of the Church in theology, the faith in the Church shared ecumenically — the Catholic Church, evangelical churches — is witnessed to by practice, by the commitment of a charity that becomes social and political to the death, to win life.
(When) dressed as a guerrilla, I feel as I might (when) vested as a priest. (applause) 16 CRUSADE
There it is that we really become which we live. That's when the second
Ill - A GUERRILLA FROM THE BASIC COMMUNITIES SPEAKS
country, he is already a political man, a man who in fact has to be political, because everyone around him will
Socorro Guerrero: Good evening, companions. In the name of the Chris tian Communities and of the people's
companions that today are in the San dinista Front arise, (she gives their
inevitably question him. Then, those
movements of Nicaragua, 1 am going to
tell you my little experience as a prole
tarian woman, a woman from the neg lected neighborhoods of Nicaragua like so many of those little ones that you have here in Brazil — a woman who in the name of all mothers — 1 dare to
Action
It is a scries of companions who to day are (hesitating). ..who are our commanders. They told mc that thev
take to myself the right to say to you —
needed a house that looked more or
that in the name of all the mothers of
less like a regular home. 1 was afraid.
Nicaragua, in the name of all those suffering mothers, of those who have
been exploited by about 44 years of harsh dietatorship and that, thanks to God and to the vanguard, that is, the Sandinista Front, and to all the people
of Nicaragua, we can say today: a free fatherland or death.
I can't deny it. But Christianit)- itself, my own necessity to see if someday I would see my Nicaragua free. . . 1 had to
do something. Then it was that my commitment became stronger. I agreed, and began to collaborate with the com panions of the Sandinista Front.
There were happy moments, diffi cult moments, because what can you say
Joining the Basic Christian Communities
when there is a guard like the one
1 will tell my experience. More or
Somaza had, when we know well that
step of integration (became) motivated in the conscience and in the awakening
of the problems of a people from a Christian perspective. Concept of "Incarnation" 1 want to say that it is precisely a
profound Christian conviction that is realized only in an incarnation, in an identification with -the sufferings and
pains of a people who languish under an opprobrious dictatorship of military gorillas imposed by foreign powers. The Guerrilla
This profound Christian conviction — if we are consistent with it — has to
lead us inescapably to the renunciation of our own lives, to the renunciation
of our own family, to the renunciation of our own names. There is nothing grander in a human being as Christ has already said than to give one's life for others. This renunciation
of one's
name
means to deny oneself, to deny one's own existence for the sake of a whole
Cardinal Paulo Evaristo Arm, Archbishop ofSao Paulo;"Enough of Theology!
Let's get to work. . ."
cided and 1 especially was no longer
rifle, npw 1 say to my companions I need you to teach me to handle a rifle, because the day that they invade I am not going to permit it. 1 am going to
afraid to die. I already knew that it
take this weapon that I did not take
they do mop up operations, and we know that we are very much involved. We are afraid to die. But we had de
was better to die than to live 80 or 90
before
years dying slowly,(applause)
I have to take it, (the rifle) and all of
Capitalism: the devil of the Bible What I mean to sav by this is that
I encourage all the Basic Communities
because
I
was
afraid. . . .But
people. In order for us to fight within the organization, we had to give up our names and adopt other names with which
we identified ourselves in the
fight. But facts are realities and not words. Experience and work led me to
accept these labors to their ultimate consequences; that is, to the death.
"Martyrdom" I had the honor of suffering impris
us Nicaraguans are ready to take it;
onment and torture under the shameful
because if we don't take it up soon —
military dictatorship, tortures that are
because don't deceive yourselves, there
unfitting even to animals, whole days and nights under interrogation,
is
no
revolution
without
counter
and people's movements, It is true that
revolution — we are going to be in
kicks, blows with rifle butts until final
here in Brazil — which according to the
vaded; because I do not believe that the
ly one passes blood: blindfolded with
little that I know is very large—a revol
Yankee enemy — the enemy who took away the best there was in Nicaragua —
faces is raw flesh; electric shocks - tor
ution IS going to be difficult, but it
will not be impossible,(applause) . . .It's necessary for everyone to mu tually help each other, because strength
arises from union. 1 wish you would question a little bit more. I know that all of you who are here have good hearts and are Christians. However, you should question a bit more. It seems to me that this monster you have of a capitalism. .. (applause) I do
not wish that...but
like something that we the Nicaraguans are conscious of: capitalism is the worst and the greatest enemy. It is what we
this is what we have achieved with the
vanguard,
which
is
the
Sandinista
Front and the people in general; because having a people who have fought — you cannot imagine how our sons
capitalism does exist. It imprisons us, it takes us out of our being — that being
which God gave us. That is why 1 say to you that today we in Nicaragua live
happy, and that happiness we are going to conquer, come what may.
A Mobilizing Specter . . .If it is true that I have taken up a
tures whose magnitude one cannot know but which one accepts when one has the consciousness and the clarit\' that life
and death make sense only when lives in the struggle of a people,
fought, made barricades, shot arrows,
Not to falter, -never to be defeauu,
picked up the wounded in the streets. They were happy — that happiness that we have conquered now. Much obliged, companions. . .(applause)
it's an experience that one acquires in combat, when our companions along
IV - A CHRISTIAN GUERRILLA
side us fall under the bullets of the dic
tatorship, of the well-known Guard, and have only enough strength to sa\-: Companions, advance! Victor\- is ours!
SPEAKS
These words go so deep that in c\er\-
David Chavarria: Thank you, com
village that the rcvolutionar\- forces liberated wc felt, when we entered to
call "the devil of the Bible," because the devil as such does not exist but
a mask full of soap until part of our
panions: the testimony that I could offer tonight is the testimony of a whole different experience of life on the basis of 12 years of belonging to a Christian community of which my companion Socorro has already spoken, of nearly 7 years of militancy in the ranks of the Sandinista Front. My companion Socorro explained how this
liberate and we liberated that tillage, that there was our fallen companion, that he had not yet died.
Hope Our companions really live in the daily struggle of a people, this sense hope that can exist only in a Christian perspective. But he who is not disposed CRUSADE 17
to go on sacrificing himself for the development and well-being of a whole people, cannot hope only for a good fu ture. And this people does not neces sarily have to be the Nicaraguan people. This people is precisely the great father
thers in Marx" and from then on never
land, the free fatherland, the whole of
Agitation in the Christian Communities
ceased'its attacks against us, marginal
izing us from the whole process and making us suffer profound contradic tions in our priestly work. Some significant experiences of this
Latin America:- this fatherland of which
Bolivar dreamt in Venezuela; Marti, in
historic moment were certain commit
Cuba; Villa, in Mexico; Guevara, in Boliva; and Sandino, in Nicaragua. That
ments that we as priests made in the
was possible with the sacrifice and the sufferings of the sons of Sandino and of Carlos Fonseca, who live today and are an example for Latin America in this little people of Nicaragua,(applause)
communities and by joining significant
work of encouragement of the Christian national
I said, "yes, absolutely." I saw that it was a great opportunity to enter into dialogue with the youth that was suf fering. Some of these young university
this Nicaraguan revolutionary process.
i speak on the basis of my priestly and religious experience. I was born and lived the first part of my youth until I was 18 under the re gime of Somozan slavery. I studied three years of law in the National Uni versity ot Nicaragua, which was in Leon at that time. Then 1 entered the Fran
students are today commanders or out
"Liberation theology" leads a nun to
standing figures of the Sandinista Na
take iip a rifle alongside a guerrilla ivo-
tional Liberation Front.
man in Nicaragua, -whose revolution is
no-w presented as a model for all of
my priestly studies, that led me after wards to an intense post-graduate course Rome and
The Holy War For more than a year wc organized a
Latin America,
long process of integration of faith and politics, of faith and revolution: a
LiXlXTj-l M ' i '
simple and wholesome reading of the
ciscan Order at Assisi, where I concluded
in
teachers'
material premises of my own parish.
to you very simply of my experience in
studies
the
ment, wc should form a university Christian community living in the very
Father Uriel Molina: I want to speak
biblical
like
Later on, in fact, in the
year 1971, a group of young universitystudents proposed that if 1 were in agree
V - A CHAPLAIN OF SUBVERSION SPEAKS
in
strikes
strikes. . . .
A LOTA
DE CLASSE ^■^■1
— '
"
I
i
('
SO\'lETlC/
Gospel with an analysis of our reality
, . p'". '
'
'
in
rooted in a history that had to be re
deemed. 1 confess humbly and frankly that it was not always easy for me as
Jerusalem.
a priest with no support from the order to which 1 belong nor in the structures of the Church to be able to nourish my
Internal Action in the Church. . .
After 12 long years I returned to my country in 1965, when the Sandinista
hope and my faith in a clear delineation
National Liberation Front had just been
of the doctrine that would indicate the road to follow.
set up.
We did not then have any doctrinal clarification, nor did we even know
Together with other priests, I began to carry out in Managua what I would a Church that was committed to the
what later would be the symbol of our study circles: the "liberation theology"
governing regime. It fell to some of us
of the
priests to rescue the evangelical message from the appropriation that had been
Gutierrez.
made of it for a long time by the oli
what went on at the Latin
garchic classes.
level. But I felt laden above all u,
call a prophetic work of rescue against
Peruvian theologain, Gustavo
We had some clear informati'"-' ihout
ui , the
weight of a-struggle between mv com .. .Favoring the Guerrillas
We were also led to this prophetic commitment by the valiant guerrilla action of our Sandinista brothers, carried out in some places within our country. One day some Sandinista com panions were discovered in their hide
out in a neighborhood of Managua, The security forces and the police were
Revohttionary literature such as the ■works of Marx and Engels, on sale at the entrance to the TUCA auditoriumof the
Pontifical Catholic University in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
mitment with the people and the weight of the
ecclesiastical institution.
Hard
pressed by my superiors, I entered into conflict with myself when I tried to reconcile those phrases which we had learned: "The Gospel is for everyone;
with all clarity: injustice in the dis proportionate means employed to com
the rich also have to save themselves." "We have to be careful with the instru-
bat the Sandinistas. We lighted the way
mentalization. We have to explicitate
called, and they were gunned down
to what would one day be the future
our faith
mercilessly by small tanks. All that was left were their mutilated corpses and their plan of military action.
Nicaragua, starting from some clear and concrete points, pointing out what the Bible taught us: the exodus to a great
"We have to condemn violence; vio
sentences that I was accumulating like
fatherland. The reaction was not long in
a spiral.
Political Action
coming. The Diario Nacionat of the
With great devotion to the Church to which I belong, but which in me always meant a profound impediment to ac-
Seven of us priests gathered to raise our voices in the face of what we saw
18 CRUSADE
governing regime of the dictatorship christened us then as the "seven bro
in
the religious aspect."
lence is not evangelical." A series of
cepting a commitment of militancy among the persons who were enlightened b)- my pastoral work. Nevertheless,
himself in the tremendous martyrdom that he was suffering.
within that cloud 1 felt there was a
Armed Combat
reality that had to be taken into ac count, and that that reality was not chemically pure and that the Gospel had
been appropriated for a long time by the rich classes, by the powerful classes; that (was) what really kept me from making the more candid and simple commitment that was offered me by
he mieht eo to Communion and nourish
VI - A GUERRILLA COMMANDER IN THE TUCA AUDITORIUM
Frei Betto: Now we are certainly pri
When he came out of the prison,
vileged to hear the word of Comman-
he had his plan to join the national
dante Daniel Ortega Saavedra of thCgovjunta of Nicaragua and the national lead ership of the Sandinista National Liber
insurrection which
was imminent. He
came by my house and left me a letter that 1 still keep: "I wanted to celebrate
ation Front,(applause)
a Eucharist with you before joining the fight."
I would like, before closing, to sim
The Embrace of Subversion
ply point this out: That his witness made me tliink very much of the phrase of the Master: "The disciple is
Daniel Ortega: I must thank you for this applause, this enthusiasm of yours, in the name of our heroes and martyrs who live in the Nicaraguan revolution,
tine work in the ranks of the Sandin-
not greater than his master." In this case, in my community, I must say the contrary: the disciples were greater
ista
than the master,(applause)
the \'outh. Collaboration With Sandinism
The youths went ahead with their commitment. They continued clandes National
Liberation
Front. And
then from 1973 they disappeared to join a clandestine, subtle, and intense
work with the people's cadres fostered in the Basic Christian Communities.
Chaplain of Sandinism
So we accompanied the people through this process of enlightenment. I felt the imperious necessity of accom panying them by the preaching of homilies that were given every night in the church and through correspon
dence. But I must say above all that I learned it was necessary to make an
other leap through an intense and pro found commitment of those young men in their militancy within the univer
sity community.
who live in the heart of the peoples of Latin America.. . Today here in Bra
zil we feel happy because of your enthu siasm and optimism. We bring to the
"Apostle" Guerrillas What I was not capable of giving, they gave. And then, on the day when the national insurrection began, 1 had
the last lesson from a whole people who never separated faith and prayer from
people of Brazil, to the Brazilian work
ers, to Brazilian patriots, the greeting, the frank embrace of Nicaraguan work ers, of Nicaraguan patriots and of Nicaraguan revolutionaries,(applause)
the revolutionary fight. When Somoza's
Following Castro's Tracks,
bombs struck down the civilian popula tion of my neighborhood, 1 heard, as
With One Difference...
the only response behind those who defended themselves against the bursts
combat in 1970 used to comment in
of machineguns, a cry of hope for all of US: "A free fatherland or death!"
And I withdrew into my solitude, in
profound prayer, many times in front
A very dear companion who died in conversations with other companions around the year 1964 that the great difficulty that we of the liberation movements had was that everybody in the leadership of the liberation move
of the tabernacle. And 1 felt that it
ment wanted to be Fidel Castro. And
was not I who was preaching the Gospel. The young Sandinistas of Nicaragua were beginning to preach it. (applause)
considering this past of ours at a dis
tance, we confirm in practice that this, our Sandinista brother, was quite right,
A "Martyr" Among those young fellows, the one that is at my left, (David Chavarria) I believe that 1 owe my vocation very much to him. I don't have any senti ment â&#x20AC;&#x201D; how shall 1 say it? â&#x20AC;&#x201D; of reserve
to confess it publich", because one day he
was arrested and thrown into the
national security jails where they mis treated him. He told only a part. I have
in m\' heart ami in a profound writing. . . a tetter from him in the prison. What hewent through, his torture, his encounter with Christ crucified in that solitude! He sent a letter to me in which he said; "I don't know whether I'll come out of
this jail alive, but the only thing I know is that my conviction is strong. 1 beg you as pastor of the community to read this letter and to denounce as it be
hooves you what is being perpetrated in the prisons of Nicaragua." 1 was
afraid to do it, also for his personal safety. Nevertheless, my commitment was stronger and I <'-;d it. And I denounced to the world inside
and outside of Nicaragua what had
happened and then we began a dialogue and a series of letters. And 1 sent him my letters in answer with phrases from the Scripture and with the Eucharist so that
Father Uriel Molina speaks of his revolutionary experience.' CRUSADE 19
Because there was above all a tendency to fall into • a faithful copy of a tri umphant revolution. There was .even a
tendency to look for.a Fidel Castro for every Latin American revolution. In time our revolution became per suaded that the Cuban revolution was
one in Ladn America, that the Cuban
revolution — heroic and magnificent with Fidel Castro at its head — could
not be repeated the same way.(applause) In our country, our vanguard, the
top directive body, which is called National Direction, is made up of nine members. One could not repeat the phenomenon of the Cuban revolution in every detail. And in Nicaragua the participation of insurrected masses in
the cities was decisive. And the guer rilla in the fields and in the mountains
was a part of this insurrection rather
than the axis of the revolutionary war. As long as we didn't penetrate our his tory, as long as we didn't set the roots
of our process, we couldn't find the right answer.
Nevertheless, we had gone on dream ing, dreaming about an experiment that was already finished. Instead of knowing how to creatively assimilate
the results of that experiment, we tended to fall into a mechanical, rigid and theoretical way of imitating it. It was
necessary to get over all of this. And all this tendency could be overcome only by virtue of practice, experience,
failures, and the strength of our people. A Mainly Psychological Victory... Many will ask how the victory of the Sandinistas was possible. We have said and we repeat that our victory was possible not because we had acquired a little more armament, not because we
had organized the people a little better, not because we had gathered together a larger number of combatants. It was
der to be able to unite ourselves. With
companions who were asking us about
out unity, the revolutionary victory in Nicaragua would not have been possible.
the relations Church-revolution. If the
...Even in Regard to Internal Divisions It was not an easy task because
everyone — in this case every organiza
Nicaraguan revolution had taken place in the year 1957, when the tyrant Anastazio Somoza Garcia had just been executed, it is certain that it would have clashed with the Church, because
tion — tended to make itself the abso
the Church in its Hierarchy, in the ma jority of its representatives, was front-
lute owner of the truth and to deny that the others have any part of it; because we easily fall into sectarianism; because
long time.
instead of showing one single fist, we show five extended fingers pointing in
of this aggression of the Church against our people, was when the tyrant, when
different directions.
the murderer Somoza Garcia was buried,
Then it is not possible to think of advances, transformations, of revolu
tions, even though we may preach it
and repeat it.We have insisted and we insist when they ask us what experience the Nicaraguan revolution has yielded: we say that the greatest experience that the Nicaraguan revolution yielded is that one should not copy it, and that one must look for the answer in his own
reality, (applause) But we believe that there is an ex
ception to this affirmation. And it is that unity is the cornerstone, the de cisive and fundamental element for a
revolution to be possible. To this are attached, and we believe that this we
must copy; we must repeat it in other experiments.
Progressivism and Subversion
We feel proud to be here with the revolutionary Christians, even though this expression is somewhat redundant. In Nicaragua we say that to be Chris tian is to be revolutionary and in our
country, to try to achieve in time, try to achieve a renewed Church, an active and combative Church, a Christian Church with a Christian, Sandinist
people, fighting against a bloody dicta torship.
possible because we were decisive and forceful. And, above all, because this is
Revolution in the State and
the most difficult thing, we were able to practice a little bit of humility in or-
Revolution in the Church
Yesterday we explained it to some
ally clashing \yith the people for a One of the most clear manifestations
when they paid homage to him before taking him to the grave: the high au thorities of the Church in Nicaragua buried him with the honors of a Prince
of the Church (laughter). It is certain that in
these conditions, when
the
revolution triumphed, the first ones to flee were the remainders of the Somoza
family, just as these gentlemen who held the high authority, the high repre
sentation of the Church in our country would have fled.
But luckily for our people and our continent,. . .the revolutionary history
in our country counted on the resolute participation of revolutionary priests. It counted on the blood that was shed, of
revolutionary priests like our unfor gettable hero, Caspar Garcia Labiana. (applause) Internal Ecumenism
The triumph in our country, we said,
was possible because there was no dog matism. It was possible because there was no sectarianism. It was possible be cause no one shut the doors. It was
possible because the people demanded so, and because their vanguard knew how to interpret it like this. Today our country, our people, struggle in a difficult situation. We are fighting against the debts that the Som
oza dictatorship left in foreign banks and international agencies. arc fighting against illiteracy, bee wc have also said and repeat it: wh.ii our people conquered was freedom that enables them to be free.
A Bid for Support We need the support of peoples. We need the support of this continent's con
scious men. We need the support of Latin American governments and of the world. Our situation is difficult and we cannot isolate ourselves from the in
ternational economic movement, the in
wm^:,
ternational market. This is a reality weighing on our peoples, and above all on the poorer peoples, on the peoples who have the least resources. But it is
the question now of achieving and Castro and mentor-. Eyeing the soft underbelly? 20 CRUSADE
striving to obtain loans with dignity.
to strive for and achieve aid and loans
without faltering; of striving for and
achieving aid and loans to strengthen
the economy of a people, to strengthen our revolutionary process. American Aid Superfluous
We were asking one of our compan ions what was the latest information
he had about the 75 million (aid) be
ing discussed in the United States for quite a while now — whether they have
already approved it or not. We want to clarify and we have already clari fied to our people that the future of the Nicaraguan revolution does not depend on these 75 million, (applause) because
^
i
suddenly they unleashed a whole cam paign in the international media wishing
to bombard our people with the idea that the 75 million are decisive for the future of the reconstruction of Nicar
agua. This is not true. We all know that neither 75 million, nor 400 million,
Nicaraguan junta members — No one "strong man" but more communitarian,
nor 20 billion are decisive.
more communist.
The Psychological Factor is Essential
Decisive is the spirit of decision of
our people, the disposition of our
they are going to lend — because they are not giving as a present — the 75 million to Nicaragua, they rapidly ap
people to be free through their own
prove 400 million dollars in arms to
efforts, to impose on themselves a quota
Pakistan and that arms be sent to the
of sacrifice in order finally to be able to be truly free.
Salvadoran Army, that economic aid be
quickly sent to the government of El Salvador...(a voice from the audience: "Murderers!")
A Political Problem
government, with the government of the United States. While they continually approved loan after loan to Somoza, knowing that Somoza used to steal, they now make obstacles and take a long time to grant a loan to our coun try, (and this) when Nicaragua has every right to demand from the govern ment of the United States a historic
United States, while
This is the reality about the relations
indemnification for the damage they
they debate over and over again whether
of our people, of our revolutionary
caused to our people! (applause, shouts)
And
in
the
Catholic University constituted a sort of an outlet for the general public of
A CONGRESS SHROUDED IN SECRECY
some selected items. Those who at
"Consider this qjiestion ~ enough of theology, let's get to work. Where are the groups that are going to Nicar
tended these sessions, were mostly
agua to learn? I answer: I know that in
gress of Theology met in Taboao da
religious, priests, and lay activists
Serra, a town near Sao Paulo. It had
of movements like the Basic Chris tian Communities(BCC).
Sao Paulo there are groups who are preparing and who have their bags
The International Ecumenical Con
the support of the most notorious Latin
American
advocates
of
the
The organizers of the Congress re
so-called Liberation Theology. On the
leased
conference program were the names of Bishops Sergio Mendez Arceo, Arch bishop of Cuernavaca, Mexico; Leoni-
press, which was not permitted access
brief communiques to the
to the working sessions. In view of these circumstances, it is impossible
das Proano, Bishop of Riobamba,
to evade some questions that natur
Ecudaor; Fr. Gustavo Gutierrez from
ally arise in anybody's mind; Why such secrecy about strictly doctrinal
Peru; Archbishop Oscar Romero of San Salvador in El Salvador; Bishop Pedro Casaldaliga of Sao Felix do Araguaia in Mato Grosso, Brazil; and
Friar Leonardo Boff of Brazil, among others.
According to the organizers, the congress — whose internal proceedings were surrounded with great secrecy — had participants from 42 countries. No person who did not appear on the Jist of those invited was permitted
rigorous sealing-off of the working sessions of the "liberation theolgians"? Was there something that they deemed better to hide from the public by avoiding any kind of leaks? Cardinal Paulo Evaristo Arns, the
Archbishop of Sao Paulo, closed the series of meetings in the TUCA on March 1st, declaring: "How shall we conclude? There
to enter.
The sessions that were held in the TUCA auditorium
matters? What was the reason for the
of the Pontifical
is no conclusion. The matter has just begun. . .
packed to leave. They even have the
permission
of the Archbishop of
Sao^ Paulo. . . ". ..Now is not the time to clo':i\
It is not night. We are at dawn... are going to thank the martyrs here Latin America and in Brazil.! would
like to call to mind here the squatter martyrs and the Indian martyrs... We are not talking about a romantic liberation, but about a liberation from
hunger, from bad pay,from the slums. Let this week be a commitment in
the blood of Christ. What matters now is to translate our words into a real
witness." (cf. 0 Sao Paulo
3/7 -
13/1980)
O.n the way out of the theater, a
young woman had sometliing to sell: "It's a very beautiful poster. Don't you want one?" It was an expensive color poster of the guerrilla "Che" Guevara.
Russia's International Expansion
"In periods of great crises, there are two kinds of
We believe that it is also necessary to denounce the situation we are ar
men: those who allow themselves to be overwhelmed
riving at, to unite ourselves in solid arity with the people of El Salvador, with this valiant Archbishop El Sal vador has, who is called Msgr. Romero
and devojired by the crises,arid those who oppose them and change the course of history."
(applause), who has denounced the
danger of intervention in his country. We all know that in the most reaction
ary sectors of the United States, the
bellicose sectors, they are taking advan tage of the situation of Afghanistan, of the presence of Soviet troops in Afghan istan, to justify any intervention and aggression against the peoples of Latin
Involution and (ounter-'TRgvolution
America,(applause)
The work. Revolution and Counter-Revolution, is
the inspirer and basic book of the various, autono
We want to tell you, companions, we want to tell you, brothers, that the effort of everyone is not. . .in vain; that the fight of the peoples does not
ciples of wisdom that can be efficaciously applied to
stop even when they are murdered, when they are terrorized; that if 20
stop the advance of the Revolution in the U.S. and the great regions of the Free World.
mous Societies for the Defense of Tradition, Fam
ily and Property and like entities. It contains prin
years ago there were no governments
in Latin America disposed to say no to Yankee imperialism under any circum stance, now there already, are govern
ments on this continent disposed to say
no to Yankee imperialism (applause); and'that when in the 17th consultative
meeting of the OAS the United States presented a proposal to invade Nicar agua, the representatives of the Latin American governments at the OAS — a
majority
of the
representatives
—
opposed such measure. This measure was not fortuitous. It was not a result of
HIGH ACCLAIM
• Archbishop Romolo Carboni, Italy, Apostolic Nuncio; "The book. Revo lution .and Counter-Revolution, made
a magnificent impression on me. .. I am certain that this book will do a
unique service for the Catholic cause, and will help unite the forces of good
in order to solve speedily the great cri ses of the present-day." • The late Thomas Cardinal Tien, S.V.D., China: "It is a marvelous book!
an impulsive act by just anybody or dny person. But it was the result of the con
Those of us who personally suffer from
stant and permanent fight of the peo ples of our continent who have pressed
to calculate the accuracy and urgent ne
for
self-determination, for
an
anti-
imperialist attitude, for a sovereign at
titude, for a revolutionary attitude, (applause) Let unity be the immediate goal of
the effects of Communism are well able
cessity of a study such as this."
• The late Eugene CardinaVTisserant,
Vatican: "The theme of this study" is of the highest importance for the time in which we liyc . .."
• Bishop Victor Keuppens, Kamina, Congo: "This book is of primordial im portance in these troubled times for our world so off its axis."
ABOUT THE AUTHOR Professor Plinio Corrca de Olivcira is
a distinguished professor of history at the Pontifical Catholic University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. He is the founder and P res
1 The late Archbishop Oscar Romero: One of the Congress advocates. 22 CRUSADE
the }'cars. the author has written a num ber of works, such as: In Defense of Catholic Action,- The Church and the
Communist State, the Impossible Co
ident of the Brazilian Society for the De fense of Tradition, Family and Property
existence.
— the largest anti-communist organiza
Order from: The
tion in Brazil. Professor de Oliveira al
Christian Civilization, Inc., P.O. Box
so has a syndicated column in the T'otha de S. Paulo, the newspaper with the
249, Mt. Kisco, N.Y. 10549
largest circulation in chat country. Over
$6.00 (add $1.00 postage/handling)
those fighting for national liberation. Let unity be the chain that must be untied so we can march ahead with a
Foundation for a
firm step.
Long live the people of Brazil! ■ ■ ■
What Ever Happened to the Liberty Promised in 1789? In his classic work on the French
Revolution, Pierre Gaxotte shows the
abysmal difference that exists between the respect shown by the Ancien Regime for the legitimate liberties of
contrary to human nature, it makes its habitat only in an atmosphere of police oppression, in which the needs of the individual and the family are sacrificed in behalf of the interests of the Party.
the individual and the family and the
In
strong inclination of the modern State
gimes
to meddle in the intimate lives of its
sequences of the French Revolution
citizens, a tendency which appeared
led to the implantation, to a greater or
with the advent of liberalism.
lesser degree, of societies having a to talitarian tendency, a set of conditions
Before the nineteenth century, men lived freely in the intimacy of their homes and family circles; a man was investigated only if he was seriously suspected of committing a crime, professing a heresy, or fomenting a conspiracy. A citizen of the liberal State, however, is always treated as
a suspect, even before doing some thing dangerous. He is measured, weighed, and cata'loged by the agents of the State. File cards are kept on him by the most different agencies, as personal data on
countries
were
where totalitarian
not
installed,
re
the con
either imposed by a Messianic party or
determined by the idolatry of technology. When technology replaces morality and society "emancipates" itself from the maternal tutelage of the Church, there is a withering of legitimate indi
vidual and family freedoms. Whether it is imposed by the State or by technol ogy, totalitarian society is the step mother of the "emancipated" man of the twentieth cenury. MENTAL POLLUTION
him and his family are filed, compared, and
fvi,
life unbearable for men. In the 50's
are, how much he earns and where
and 60's, TFP leaders wrote a number
know
what
his
ideas
and
he invests his money, whether he has
of articles characterizing what people
a car or owns real estate, and so on.
are
Having written his book a few decades ago, Pierre Gaxotte could not cover the most sophisticated devices for investigating people's private lives.
pollution. Now it has become a ' to talk against smoke, noise of moii devastation of forests, and congested
Such devices now permit not only the State but just about any person or
organization
to record what people
discuss with their friends and relatives;
whether it be on the telephone, in their offices, or in their bedrooms.
i'l i -liui-.:' 'â&#x2013; f
-,
Gaxotte referred only to the liberal State.
This rather common looking wrist watch has a tiny radio transmitter and a telescopic antenna.
Idolatry of technology has made
cross-examined. The State wants habits
to
But out of liberalism came its
presently
calling
environmental
traffic.
In Lenin and Stalin's time, inter
national Communism promoted the development of super workmen to
function more or less as robots serving the dictatorship of the proletariat. Now Communism preaches against the environmental pollution caused by in dustry when this helps to explain the
offspring, the totalitarian State. Whether
economic
it be of the fascist or communist variety,
countries or to weaken the economic
totalitarianism always has the goal of implanting socialism. Since socialism is
and military strength of the West. Environmental pollution is obvious-
decadence
of the
socialist
CRUSADE 23
ly an evil, but we must keep a sharp eye on those who are fighting against
it. Above all, it is necessary to struggle against another, much more pernicious pollution, one that the leftist intelli
mm
r
gentsia hardly mentions if at all. We
refer to the mental and moral pollu tion created by a mass media that
wants to form people's thoughts and habits and to break down their families
by aggressive provocations to im morality, as well as that produced by the continuous barrage of advertising and propaganda and by the modern art that is deforming people's mentalities. In the midst of this noisy traffic assaulting
the
mind, who can find
the calm to think about the pell-mell of events
with
discernment? Isn't it
true that contemporary man feels dazed under the daily load of discon certing and illogical reports on interna
Poptdar version of the storming of the Bastille by the revolutionary mob.
tional affairs?
Consider just one of the thousand frauds imposed on people every day: for many years now, the media have painted
Unfettering liberalism?
any anti-communist govern
ment as dictatorial and corrupt. Why is so little said about the crimes of
communist governments such as those of Russia, China, Cuba, Yugoslavia, and so on? Why is there such an out
cry for free elections in every part of the non-communist world but no up roar demanding free elections in the communist countries?
THE TECHNOLOGICAL "ALL SEEING EYE"
Separated from morality, technology makes life intolerable for man even in
what was formerly his-most intimate
privacy. Today, recorders and listening devices have become so developed that
The Communist State â&#x20AC;&#x201D; offspring ofliberalism?
no one can be certain that his conversa
tion is not being monitored.
It has always been relatively easy
ly constructed houses. Pages of a con
No doubt the KGB will find many
fidential report being typed by a secre
uses for these machines. . .
to intercept telephone communica tions. But now the science of bugging
tary can easily be photographed from another building over 100 yards away.
telephones has reached the point where conversations on a multiple wire cable can be picked by electronic
Our technology in this field is so ad
that was promised as a pretext for overthrowing the Ancien Regime and
vanced
"emancipating" society from the tu
means and recorded without any phy
companies to Russia to exhibit their
a baseless chimera. Never has the hu
sical
conversations can be monitored from
most modern anti-crime technology, such as machines that identify peo
a distance even through walls of solid-
ple by their voices, lie detectors, etc.
man race had a tyranny so oppressive and detailed as that imposed in the name of liberty by the French Revolution.
contact
24 CRUSADE
with
the
wire. Private
that the Soviet Chamber of
Commerce
invited
several
American
So
then,
the
unlimited
liberty
telage of the Church has proven to be
Qothic (athedral
Exuberant
French
soldiers marching in to Notre Dame
Cathedral of Paris
singing the Te Detim.
*1, Figures in the CaMthedralofChartres
[*2*:
i
mm k
.'
Faith and certainty can be felt all
Cathedral of RheimS:facade.
over the cathedral. In its presence, there ir'. ■
is no room for doubt. Even today, how
ever slight may be the attention paid to the histor\- elaborated on its imposing facade or to the mysteries unfolded in
m§m
its voluminous depths, the cathedral conveys an impression of serenity. Therefore, let us forget our anxieties
IHf r
V
W' p7
and our routines for an hour and ap
proach the cathedral. From afar, with its transepts, its needles, and its towers,
'^ID.iliri
it resembles a powerful ship departing
for a long vovage. The whole city could, embark on its robust flanks without fear. Let us draw closer.
In the portico, we suddenly come face to face with Our Lord Jesus Christ,
as does e\'ery man who enters this world. He is the key to the enigma of life:
and
around Him
is written the
answer to all of our questions. We learn how the world began and how it
iS''
i ' I?T
will end, and the images we see, each
one symbolizing an era of the world, give us the measure of its duration. Be
fore our eyes are those persons in the Old or New Testament who are figures of Jesus Christ, in short, all the men
whose history is worth knowing; be cause men do not exist except to the extent that they participate in the na ture of the Saviour. The others — kings,
conquerors, philosophers — are no more than names, empty shadows. In this way, then, the cathedral illuminates our minds: the world and its history
Tliili Recumbent image
become clear to us.
Constable Dugues-
But our own history is written along side that of this vast universe. Standing
clin at the royal abbey
ofSt. Denis, Paris.
before the cathedral, we learn that our
lives must be a combat — a struggle against nature in every season of the CRUSADE 25
year and
a struggle against ourselves
in every instant. From the heights of Heaven, the angels extend their hands to crown those who have waged the
good fight. Is there place here for doubt, or even
for restlessness of spirit? Let us enter.
The sublimity of its grand vertical
lines acts immediately upon our souls. In fact, it is impossible to go through the great nave of Amiens without feel ing purified. The church, just by its beauty, acts like a sacrament. Here once
again we find an image of the universe. The cathedral, like a plain, like a forest, has its atmosphere, its perfume, its
light, its chiaroscuros,its shadows. As dusk settles, its great rose window with the sun setting behind it, looks
like the sun itself, ready to disappear in the fringes of a marvelous forest. But it is a world transfigured, a world where the light is more brilliant than that of reality and where the shadows are more mysterious. We feel like we
A painting by Jean Fonquet, fifteenth century. are already in the bosom of the heaven
There the past and the present became
ly Jerusalem, of the city to come. We imbibe its profound peace; the tumult of the world breaks against the walls of
united in one same love. The Cathedral
was the conscience
of the city.
the sanctuary and is reduced to a dis tant murmur: Behold the indestructible
—Emile Male, L'art religieux du Kill
ark against which the tempests will not
siecle en France, Tome II, conclusion, Librairie Arnxand Colin, Paris, 1969.
prevail. No place in the world fills men with such a profound senscofconfidence. A symbol of faith, the cathedral was
mi
also a symbol of love.
Everyone worked on it. The people
offered what they had; their sturdy arms. They hitched themselves to the carts; they carried the rocks on their shoulders; they had the good will of the giant Saint Christopher.
The burgher gave his money; the baron, his land; the artisan, his genius. For more than two centuries, all of the
vital forces of France worked together — hence the powerful life that radiates from these eternal works.
With the passage of time, even the
I, Si The nave of Amiens. 26 CRUSADE
dead joined the living. And the cathe dral became paved with tombstones. The older generations, lying with their hands clasped on their tombstones,
Central rose windoxv-Notre Dame of
went on praying in the ancient church.
Paris.
-
••
Accompanied by a chorus of momen tary praises and lamentations and by a silent but real indifference in public
opinion, the communist dictator Tito was officially consigned to the past. The liberal press had made him appear to be a giant of a man, an independent spirit who had broken with the com-* munist bloc and opened a new avenue
of hope for the West. It was even being asked by some if Yugoslavia could sur vive without Marshal Tito. The fact is
that Joseph Broz (Tito) was no more a marshall than he was a great states
man, man of peace, or "non-aligned"
Witboxit crosses and with a parody of hierarchical ceremony, Tito's corpse is placed under a stone slab
by treacherously eliminating the natural
freedom: it is useless to me"{ci. Iglesia
leaders who were fighting for Christian civilization. Outstanding among them was the heroic and august figure of Car dinal Stepinac, who was persecuted
Mundo, no. 192, 2nd half of March, 1980)..
Cardinal Stepinac was sentenced to 16 years of forced labor and died in the village of Krasic, where he was confined. When the shameful negotiations of Yalta began, De Gaulle wrote in his memoirs: "In the tripartite communique
politician. The former sergeant of World
by Tito and condemned to forced labor.
War I — born in 1892 — came to power
He was offered his freedom in exchange
as any Marxist leader does: by deceit,
for an admission of guilt. But the
betrayal, and cowardice. His stature
Cardinal refused.
was one of the' many bluffs palmed off by Communism in its psychological
the monkey tribunal, he spoke these
warfare against the West.
words:
One of the catastrophes of World War II was that it-provided the neces
'national junta,' thereby recognizing
conglomerate of heterogeneous nations,
"The private accuser frequently af firmed that nowhere in the world is there so much freedom of conscience as here, in this State. I permit myself to emphasize some facts that will prove the contrary. I affirm again before the
it was weakly united around King
whole world: 260 to 210 priests have
and only because of that, France has
Peter 11, whose father had been assas sinated in Marseille. The invasion of the
been executed by the National Libera
not been invited to the Conference"
tion Movement. ..We
(cf. The Last Hundred Days, H. D inger, Plaza & Janes, p. 161). Born of Stalin, this "pampered child " of the Red powers and of the West
sary historic conditions for Broz to achieve When
dominion the
over
Yugoslavia.
Nazis invaded
that little
As Cardinal Stepinac stood before
have
been de
(Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin) it is de
clared that the governing body will be made up of the members of the present de facto Tito's dictatorship. This is the way Stalin has fixed everything; he it is who has decided what was to be done
with Warsaw and Belgrade, and he has done it as he pleased. And that's why,
supported Broz to the detriment of the conservative politicians. His patron and
prived of our Catholic churches, built with so many difficulties, and the work of our seminaries has been made im possible. . .Our orphanages have been closed. Our printing presses have been
model was none other than Stalin. At
destroyed, and I don't know if they still
first Broz avoided the resistance move
exist. Is it not a scandal to affirm that
ments, but later someone or something let him know that the opportune mo ment had arrived. That opportune mo
nowhere is the Church as free as it is
First of all, he began the long process of annihilating his actual and potential
here?"
enemies. An eyewitness relates that in
ment, in which he joined the resistance, coincided historically with the rupture
battle of our times, he added: "Accord
1945) the communists murdered 12,000
ing to your theory, materialism is the
Slovenians on Tito's orders. Yet at that
between the Third Reich and the Soviets.
only scientific system possible. What
From then on Broz had a mysteri ous support that permitted him to climb
does this mean? This means: suppress
time, the whole population of Slovenia was less than 2 million people (cf.
God and Christianity. If there is nothing
letter of M. Dren, Buenos Aires Herald,
until he had taken over the resistance
but matter, then you can keep your
March 10, 1980). Years later. Vatican
Nazis provoked a reaction that prepared the atmosphere for the coup. The allies — blindly or knowingly —
And raising his thoughts to the great
rendered enormous services to the com
munist cause by acting out the fiction of a non-aligned and free Communism.
a period of only two months (June-July
CRUSADE 27
sources estimated that the regime killed
sent its tanks into Yugoslavia as the Ger
or persecuted 2,000 priests (cf. En cyclopedia of the Catholic Religion,
mans began to weaken. Those persons who were naive enough to think of re
Dalmau Jover, item "Yugoslavia").
turning to their country were swiftly exterminated. Accordingly, the tyrant's
Some data on Tito's persecution of
reign was established with iron loops
the Church follows:
that shackled the population and sus tained him in power until his death.
• Bishop Simrak, diocese of Kri-
Once those manacles were firmly in place, he opened the borders of the country to thousands of tourists who,
zevil: died in prison from the brutalities he suffered.
• Bishop Carevic, diocese of Dubrov-
with
no concern for the victims of
nik: murdered and thrown into a well
Marxism (so long as they could enjoy
on his way to Church to celebrate Mass.
life a bit), brought in the money so scarce on that side of the Adriatic. In
• Bishop Vovk, diocese of Ljubljana: attacked by a group of communists, thrown to the ground, soaked with
addition, it must be noted (and to
gasoline, and burned alive.
from the United States and other free
our shame!) that Tito suffered from no
lack of military and economic assistance countries, especially after the treaties
• Msgr. Santin, delegate of the Holy
of 1949 and 1952. Meanwhile, as Tito
See for the administration of confirma
waxed fat and grew in artificial prestige, the tyrants of the Kremlin, his true friends, staged a show by crying out against his "revisionism." To confirm the fact that this noise was only theater,
tions died: a victim of communist agression.
• Msgr. Ukmar, replacement of Msgr. Santin: attacked in the sacristy of Lanische, left with a fractured skull and other grave wounds.
Cardinal Stepinac, the most ilUistri-
both Brezhnev and Hua Kuo Feng
ous victim of Titoist tyranny. Con-
came to pay honors to him at his funeral.
• Fr. Miro Bulesic, companion of
detnned to forced labor, he ruas offered freedom in exchange for an adjnission
ru he founded the "third force," thus
Msgr. Ukmar when attacked: murdered.
of gxiilt. He refused and died in the village of Krasic, where he was confined.
In 1956, along with Nasser and Neh institutionalizing the movement of use ful idiots.
• Bishop Saric, diocese of Sarajevo, and Bishop Rozman, diocese of Ljub ljana, forced into exile. This list, which could be extended,
represents only a fraction of the 371 murdered, 96 missing, 200 imprisoned, and 500 exiled priests. The Church in
Yugoslavia, laden with a long history of glory, was systematically destroyed; the churches were closed or destroyed; the convents and monasteries, sacked; the
religious and priests, murdered or per
Following these lines, and with the In Bleiburg, at the moment of the
approval and assistance of the West,
armistice, 130,000 Catholic Croatian
which pretended to ignore his crimes
refugees were turned away by the
and tyranny, Tito proceeded to tighten
English and handed over to the Tito-
the Party's control by butchering his enemies. And today, in a matter of hours, the Party can set in motion any actions they consider necessary "to keep the peace" among a people ex hausted by 35 years of brainwa
ists, who murdered them in unspeakable ways and threw them into pits. In the Diocese of Banja Luka, the Catholic population was reduced from 130,000
to 40,000, In Sarajevo, 50,000 fewer Catholics were counted in 1956 than
in 1939. . . (cf. Iglesia Miindo, no. 198, 2nd week of March, 1980,Madrid).
One could certainly ask why Tito
This, then, is the man who, sur rounded by the ruins of an enslaved
was never accused of war crimes before
people and the emptiness of a sleeping
secuted; the works of charity, anni hilated; the Catholic press, expropri ated by the communist State, and the religious schools, suppressed. The church
any tribunal. Was it perhaps because he
public opinion, was recently incensed
was among the victors? Or was it due
by numerous high ranking representa
on the Island of Bled, consecrated from
tp his merits as a communist chief?
tives at the international level. Kings,
time immemorial to the Virgin Mary, and a place of fervent popular pilgrim ages, was converted into a bar. The church of the Holy Virgin at Ptujska Gors, the most revered place of pilgrim age in Yugoslavia, was turned into a museum...
28 CRUSADE
While avoid ing direct military con
presidents, vice-presidents, communist chiefs, and religious personalities ga
frontation, Tito managed with relative
thered to bury the tyrant. But all of
ly little effort to terrorize 20 percent of the Yugoslav population into leaving the
this will in no way influence the eternal decree of Divine Justice, before which
country. In this undertaking, Tito had
this agent of the Kremlin has already
the support of the Soviet Army, which
been tried.
THE BOOK OF CONFIDENCE • Published in full in a special issue of Crusade for a Christian Civilization.
•
Only $3.00 (plus postage)
Lack of confidence in God, what
ever the cause (guilt, fear, lack of faith), produces damage, depriving one of great goods. This work of Fr. de Saint Laurent has no other
end than to invite you to the knowl edge and practice of the virtue of Confidence. It contains consoling truths
that have
been
collected
from the inspired books and writ ings of the Saints. f. . .. .. .
j-
u
u> .
r-j
n ■
1
j
I , ..
Order from: Crusade for a Christ-
May you, tipon Jtrusbing tots reading, be able to confide totally in the adorable Mas- .
ter who gave us everything: the treasures of His Heart, his love, his life, to the very last drop of his Blood."
.
d
d
aia
Civilization, r.U. oOX I/O, Pleasantville, N.Y. 10570
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