March 17 Cover_Sept 2004 Cover 09/02/2017 16:36 Page 1
March/April 2017
Germany: A Highly Efficient & Contrasted Agriculture Mergers & Acquisitions in Biologicals Precision AG: Geolocation & Navigation Micronutrient Manganese Potash Application: Timing questioned! file L e a d e r’s P r o
Acadian Plant Health (Canada) Fertigation through pivots: Increasing adoption
Welcome to the 15th New Ag International Conference and Exhibition in Berlin, Germany, 15-17 March, 2017
MESSAGE FROM EDITOR_MESSAGE FROM EDITOR (june) 20/02/2017 18:00 Page 1
A MESSAGE FROM THE EDITOR NEW AG INTERNATIONAL
WELCOME TO BERLIN As I write these lines hundreds of people from around Europe and the rest of the world are preparing their trip to Berlin to attend the 15th New Ag International Conference & Exhibition that will cover as usual a number of technical issues relating to irrigation, fertigation, plant nutrition, and biostimulants. For the first time however we will also cover Precision Agriculture in a number of its various aspects, with the aim of bridging the gap between Datanomics and Agronomics. I am very pleased that to support our efforts, the most highly reputable speakers and companies have agreed to join us in Berlin.
Our 2017 Biocontrol Asia Conference and Exhibition will take place in Bangkok, Thailand, during 7-9 June. Visit us at www.newaginternational.com to register. Still some sponsorship opportunities, exhibition stands and meeting rooms are available!
Agribusinesses are unsure how to approach agriculture technology investment and are at risk of being left behind if they don’t make it a core part of their strategy, according to a recent report from BCG Consulting and AgFunder. What are they investing in? Nearly half of respondents said that they were prioritizing “big data & analytics”. Twenty-nine percent of respondents are prioritizing biological inputs as companies look to replace unpopular and environmentally unfriendly chemical pesticides and fertilizers, while 29% prioritized food security and traceability technologies. Priorities varied depending on the type of agribusiness, but data-enabled technology was the theme across agribusiness and venture capital. Partnerships or joint ventures represent 14% of companies’ agritech investment followed by M&A and equity investments at just 8% each. Less than 1% are investing in their own venturing arm. M&A in Biologicals is an important feature of this issue of the magazine, where we look back at what has happened during the past three years. Quite impressive! Also since 2013, the number of new indoor agriculture facilities e.g. in the United States and Canada has risen sharply as the cost to build and operate them has decreased. These operations are not your father’s greenhouse! This indoor ag is highly automated and data intensive. It is more akin to manufacturing than farming, and it has an important role to play in our food system. This brings me to mentioning a number of cutting edge events with whom we partner this year: To start with, GreenSys, the platform for greenhouse technology, which will take place in Beijing in August. Earlier in June we will be at the symposium on Mineral Nutrition of Fruit Crops in Italy, while later in November – again in Italy, we will partner with the first International Conference of the recently created World Iodine Association. And of course this coming November, we will welcome you to the 3rd World Congress on Biostimulants, which we organize in Miami. And it will be very big! As I write this message, more than 30 sponsors are supporting the event, close to 100 exhibition stands have been booked and we expect up to 1,500 people to make the Florida trip! In the meantime, I wish you a good read of this issue of the magazine that goes across most fundamental pillars of our editorial coverage: Biocontrol, Plant Nutrition, Precision Ag, Biostimulants, Irrigation and Fertigation and will also allow you to discover a powerful however contrasted agricultural land: Germany!
Jean-Pierre Leymonie Director
www.newaginternational.com
3
CONTENT March 17_CONTENTS SEPT 04 14/02/2017 13:32 Page 1
C O N T E N T S
MARCH/APRIL 2017
NEW AG INTERNATIONAL is a publication of New Ag International SARL au capital de 20,000 Euros 5 Rue Bertrand MONNET, 68000 COLMAR, France newag@newaginternational.com www.newaginternational.com Gérants/Directors: Jean-Pierre Leymonie, Bruce Neale, Ralph Thawley. Editorial Director: JP Leymonie New Ag International 12 rue du Hagueneck 68000 COLMAR, France Tel: +33(0)389305120 Email: editorial@newaginternational.com Editor & Latin America Correspondent Patricio Trebilcock La Capitanía 681, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile. Phone: +56 2 2010550 newagspanish@gmail.com Plant Protection Corner: M. Loison Email: m.loison@wanadoo.fr Contributing Editor: Oded Achilea Email: od.achilea@gmail.com Advertising Enquiries: Email: advertising@newaginternational.com Director of Business Development & Operations: François Levesque Email: newag@newaginternational.com Marketing and Sales Manager: Jacqui French Email: advertising@newaginternational.com Administration and Production Manager: Diane Jones Email: newag@newaginternational.com Issued four times per year Reprints of articles obtainable on application to the Editorial Director. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any meanselectronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise-without the prior written permission of the Copyright Owner. © 2017 New Ag International SARL Subscription enquiries to: Email: newag@newaginternational.com Annual subscription: Euros 175 (4 issues per year - hard copies, online version and access to past issues) Designed in England Email: tony@alphaset.co.uk Printed in the UK by The Magazine Printing Company www.magprint.co.uk New Ag International accepts no responsibility or liability for the validity or information supplied by contributors, vendors, advertisers or advertising agencies.
NEWS REVIEW
6
PLANT PROTECTION CORNER
12
Biocontrol LATAM: The largest biopesticide event in Latin America. Organised by New Ag International and 2BMonthly.
THE PRECISION AG CORNER
20
Precision Farming: Role and applications of geolocation/navigation. By Prof Alex Escola & Team, University of Lleida, Spain.
LEADER’S PROFILE
30
Acadian Plant Health: En route for a change of strategy with an enlarged portfolio for the Canadian company. An exclusive interview with Roger Tripathi, President.
PRODUCTS & TRENDS
34
Mergers and Acquisitions in the biologicals: A look back at three crazy consecutive years, by Bill Dunham & Mark Trimmer, Managing Partners Dunham & Trimmer and Editors 2BMonthly. Micronutrient Manganese: Little known, however widely used! An update, by Dr O. Achilea, contributing Editor.
IRRIGATION AND TECHNOLOGY LEADERS
50
Manna Irrigation Ltd: The software division of Rivulis Irrigation.
IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION TECHNOLOGY
54
Fertigation through Pivots: Why is it not more popular! It works!
REGIONAL REPORT
60
Germany: A highly efficient, however contrasted agriculture. By Dr. O. Achilea, Contributing Editor.
AGRONOMICS & ECONOMICS
74
Potash applications in question: A report from the IPNI congress in Rome, by Prof Dr Andreas Gransee, Director, Institute of Applied Plant Nutrition (IAPN).
PEOPLE & EVENTS
80
WEB DIRECTORY
83 Front cover: Main picture: Cereals field in Germany. courtesy of NAI. Smaller picture: Fertigation through pivots, courtesy of NAI. Editorial and photo acknowledgements: Special thanks to Prof Gransee.
www.newaginternational.com
5
News March 17_Layout 1 14/02/2017 13:54 Page 1
N E W S R E V I E W
NEWS REVIEW
NEW AG INTERNATIONAL
Greenhouses may soon become power plants RESEARCHERS FOR NC STATE and UNC-Chapel Hill are launching a project to develop next generation greenhouses with built-in solar cells that make use of the entire spectrum of solar light. “We know that plants don’t make use of all wavelengths of light – leaves reflect green and nearinfrared light,” says Brendan O’Connor, primary investigator (PI) of the project and an engineering researcher who studies organic electronics. “So we plan to make solar cells that absorb those unused wavelengths of light, but allow the remainder of the sunlight to pass through to the plants,” O’Connor says. “This would allow us to create greenhouses that generate
electricity using solar power, without adversely affecting plant growth. We call the overarching concept the Solar Powered Integrated Greenhouse, or SPRING system.” The project is supported by a fouryear, $3 million grant from a new National Science Foundation programme called Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy and Water Systems (INFEWS). “We envision a new, zero-energy farming system that drastically improves the efficiency of land use and water consumption,” O’Connor says. “And making greenhouses more effective across a broader range of climates would allow farms to be located next to urban centers.”
Andalusia’s greenhouse area exceeds 33,000 ha
IN RECENT YEARS ANDALUSIA in the South of Spain has recorded a development of greenhouse areas, which is confirmed by the recent mapping study of the Ministry of Agriculture. According to this study, the area
Rivulis and Eurodrip Announce Merger to Create a World Leader in Micro Irrigation RIVULIS IRRIGATION LTD. of Israel and Eurodrip S.A. of Greece announced recently that the two companies have entered into a definitive merger agreement in an all-share transaction, creating a global leader in micro irrigation. Transaction closing is subject to satisfaction of certain conditions including, but not limited to, regulatory approvals. The merged company will have unparalleled market coverage with 18 factories around the world and 1,800 employees across 5 continents and 30 countries. The merged company will be headquartered in Gvat, Israel and will be named Rivulis Irrigation, Ltd. Richard Klapholz, the
6 www.newaginternational.com
current CEO of Rivulis Irrigation, will lead the merged company. All current shareholders of the two companies – FIMI Opportunity Funds, Israel’s leading private equity fund (FIMI), U.S. based Paine & Partners, LLC (Paine & Partners) and Dhanna Engineering of India – will remain shareholders of the merged company and will remain active on the Board of Directors. FIMI will maintain a majority stake and Gillon Beck, the current Chairman of Rivulis Irrigation and Senior Partner at FIMI, will serve as the Chairman of the merged entity. The company will continue to support both the Rivulis and Eurodrip
brands, Gillon Beck, the merged company’s chairman, summarized: “The Rivulis management team has proven its turnaround skills in an astounding manner in the last two and a half years. Strengthened by the talent of the Eurodrip management, employees and owners, the joint team can now focus on a different type of development: merging the two companies into one efficient, market oriented, innovative and profitable global entity. With the help and long-time experience of our co-owners, I am confident in the company’s success in this new phase and in its ability to assume a leadership role in the industry.”
of greenhouses in Andalusia totaled 33,596 hectares in 2016. The vast majority is in the province of Almeria which reaches 30,007 hectares (+33% compared to 2014), the coast of Granada accounts 2,848 hectares and the Velez Malaga region 741. Area growth has been continuous, with 27,000 hectares in 2011 and 29,596 hectares in 2014 and now 33,596 hectares in 2016. The reasons for this growth are numerous but there are two facts that have amplified the phenomenon. The need for producers to increase the area per farm to ensure profitability and on the other the influx of investment from other economic sectors into agriculture. Another reason could also justify this growth of surfaces. It is the right management of water resources. According to professionals this system offers a high productivity and remarkable efficiency with regard to water. The index of kilos produced per cubic meter of water used is of the order of 2 to 4 times higher than in the open-air cropping systems.
PlantProtection_Layout 1 14/02/2017 16:52 Page 1
P L A N T P ROT E C T I O N C O R N E R
Organised by New Ag International and 2BMonthly:
Heard and Seen at Biocontrol Latam 2016 More than 450 professionals from 25 countries made their way to Campinas, Brazil, to attend our first biocontrol conference in Latin America. Brazilians, Latin Americans and people from all around the world gathered to discuss the latest technical, regulatory and commercial trends that determine this industry’s growth. Latin America’s inherent biodiversity and its crucial role as a world grain-basket, make this Region one of the two fastest growing markets for biocontrol in the world.
BIOCONTROL LATAM CONFERENCE 2016 was organized by New Ag International and 2BMonthly, with the support of IBMA and ABCBio (Brazil). There were 450 delegates of which 200 were from Brazil. Important local authorities inaugurated the conference, among them Sao Paulo State’s Minister of Agriculture and the Executive Director of Embrapa. The opening keynote lecture was given by Embrapa’s Executive Director, Mr. Ladislau Martin Neto, who talked about “Embrapa’s contribution to the Brazilian agricultural revolution”. Today, Brazil is the second largest agriculture exporter in the world, after USA and it is predicted it will be the largest one in ten years. “This has been a superlative revolution, if you consider that Brazil was a net food importer during the 1970s. And this was accomplished with the incorporation of science and
12 www.newaginternational.com
technology into the agricultural system. Embrapa has played a pivotal role in this revolution”. Brazil has a national integrated agricultural research system. There are 17 state research networks, Embrapa has 46 research centres and the private sector contributes, creating their own research projects. In the State of Sao Paulo alone there are 3,000 medium and small companies creating new agricultural technologies. And these efforts are constantly orchestrated by Embrapa.
Ladislau Martin Neto summarises in three concepts Embrapa’s main contributions to Brazilian agriculture: - The development of programmes to adapt crops and livestock to tropical conditions. - The transformation of poor acidic soils into fertile soils (mainly in the Cerrado Region). - The development of sustainable agricultural practices (zero till, the integration of crops/livestock/ forestry, etc.). In terms of sustainability, the
PlantProtection_Layout 1 14/02/2017 16:52 Page 2
P L A N T P ROT E C T I O N C O R N E R
development of nitrogen fixing bacteria allows Brazil to save US$10 billion annually on fertilizers. And the crops/livestock/ forestry integration programme is already applied on 11 million hectares. Embrapa has recently released its 2014-2034 plan and it has set eight priorities. Two of them are directly linked to biocontrol: new sciences (biotechnology, nanotechnology and geotechnology) and Green chemistry. “In 2014/2015 we had a super harvest, producing more than 207 millions of grains. This is set to continue. But this success has also brought some major risks such as the arrival of dangerous plagues and diseases. One of the major problems has been the arrival of the plague Helicoverpa armigera. But we estimate that there are at least 150 other plagues that can enter the country”, said Mr. Martin Neto. Since 2013, Embrapa has implemented 302 biocontrol projects. There are 147 Embrapa scientists and 69 external scientists devoted to these projects. The annual budget for biocontrol at Embrapa reaches R$8.8 millions of reals. Embrapa looks after the National Genetic Bank and the National Biological Resources Centre, it has collections of bacteria, funghi and
entomopathogenic viruses, collections of antagonists, microorganism databases and specific collections for strategic crops. It has also launched biocontrol products in partnerships with private companies. “Biocontrol is one of the most important priorities for Embrapa”, concluded Mr. Ladislau Martin Neto.
GLOBAL BIOCONTROL INDUSTRY WILL REACH US$7.4 BILLION ANNUALLY IN A DECADE Bill Dunham, from Dunham Trimmer, New Ag International partners in 2BMonthly and a leading global expert on biocontrol gave a panoramic view of the global markets. He predicts that the global biocontrol market will reach US$4 Billion annually in 2020 and US$7.400 million in 2025. He expects that by then, the Latin American market will be US$1,400 millions annually, led by the Brazilian and Mexican markets. There are currently approximately 400 companies in the global biocontrol market (outside India and China), of which 98% are privately held. Only 5 of them have a turnover of more than US$100 millions a year and more than 75% of them invoice less than US$10 million a year. Thus, most of them face the same challenges: limited market access and lack of funding for rapid market growth.
BRAZILIAN MARKET: AN ANNUAL GROWTH OF 15% The Brazilian biocontrol industry was founded by research centres and small and medium companies. In 2007 fourteen companies created the Brazilian National Biocontrol Association, ABCBio. Today, ABCBio is a strong organisation and a founding member of Bioprotection Global (BPG).
ABCBio has currently 24 members: AgriValle, Arysta LifeScience, Ballagro, BASF, Bayer CropScience, Biocontrol, Biocana, Biocontrole, Biosoja, Bthek Biotecnologia, Bug Agentes Biológicos, Laboratório Farroupilha, FMC, Ihara, Lonza, Koppert, Monsanto Bio Ag, Ourofino Agrociencia, Promip, Simbiose, Stoller, Sumitomo Chemical, TecniControl, UPL and Uniao Química. “The Brazilian biocontrol market grows 15% annually and accounts for 2% of the local crop protection market”, said Mr. Pedro Faría, ABCBio’s President. Product registration keeps growing and only in 2015, 20 new products were registered. In terms of market trends, the rise in the use of genetically modified crops has reduced the use of biological insecticides. But, on the other hand, the use of biological fungicides is growing and also the use of some beneficial insects such as Trichogramma sp. in sugar cane and other row crops. The main crops in Brazil are soybeans (33,2 million hectares), maize (15,9 million hectares) and sugarcane (9 million hectares). There are also 168 million hectares of prairies, 2 millions ha of wheat and 2,5 million ha of fruit crops. According to Mr. Faría the current crop protection model is starting to loose track. “In many areas, resistance to several agrochemicals is growing and this poses a bright future to our sector. But first we have to overcome a series of challenges such as: - Regulatory problems. - Slow registration of biocontrol products. - The proliferation of “backyard” homemade biofactories that are formulating low quality products. - Illegal bioproducts.
- A low number of available biocontrol active ingredients. - A lack of foliar products. - A limited extension and training system.
MARKETS ON THE MOVE: THREE EXPERIENCES During the first morning the delegates could listen to three experiences in the development of biocontrol. Martin Koppert (The Netherlands) showed the expansion of Koppert since its foundation in 1967. The Dutch biocontrol company has currently 27 subsidiaries and 1,200 employees. It produces pollinators, macroorganisms and micro-organisms. Europe (44%) is its biggest market, followed by North America (22%), Africa and Middle East (12%), Latin America (12%) and Asia (7%). Based on an integral offering, the company has managed to grow at an aggregated 12% annually, with a turnover of 178 million euros in 2015. According to Martin Koppert, the key to this success story has been investing more than 8% of its turnover in R&D, the creation of an integral biocontrol portfolio and working hand in hand with the farmers. Dr. Eduardo Donoso from Bioinsumos Nativa (Chile) talked about how to develop a biocontrol company in Latin America. “Latin American companies are gifted because we are in one of the most biodiverse regions in the world”. He showed some studies regarding biocontrol adoption in Chile and one of the most interesting aspects is the crucial role that farm advisors play in the purchasing decisions. He also showed his company’s line of research and the promising results they are obtaining in trials in Costa Rica, Perú, Colombia and Chile.
www.newaginternational.com
13
Precision Ag Corner_Layout 1 14/02/2017 16:41 Page 1
T H E P R ECISION AG CORNER
Understanding geolocation and navigation and their uses in Precision Agriculture It is said that GPS triggered Precision Agriculture (PA), allowing the first yield maps to be created. That may or may not be precise but what is true is that the use of global positioning systems has boosted PA, offering many current profitable applications at the fingertips of farmers, researchers and other agricultural stakeholders. From the first GPS receivers (around 1976) to the current global navigation satellite system devices only 40 years have passed. In this period, manufacturers have reduced the receivers’ size several thousand-fold, they have lowered their cost and have exceeded their capabilities beyond imagination. In this 2nd Precision Ag Corner section we will discover how to take advantage of positioning and navigation systems in the framework of PA. The Research Group in AgroICT & Precision Agriculture (GRAP) of the University of Lleida-Agrotecnio Center in Catalonia, Spain has the story.
T
HE MOST COMMON positioning system in occident is the GPS. However, there are three other global systems currently available: the Russian GLONASS, the Chinese BeiDou and the recently activated European GALILEO (operating since December 15th 2016). Using the term GPS implies dismissing the other three. The generic term is GNSS (global navigation satellite system) and should be used to refer to receivers in general or to receivers operating with more than one system. Modern and accurate receivers are hardware-ready to receive signals from more than one GNSS as the more available satellites, the more accurate the positioning. In Figure 1-left we show one of the first military GPS receivers used to test the system and to validate other equipment (such as the portable unit in the centre). On the right, we show a miniature GNSS receiver (16x16x6.8 mm, antenna included!) able to receive radio signals
from satellites of the GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO and BeiDou constellations.
WHEN IS GNSS USED? Global navigation satellite systems consists of three subsystems called segments: 1) the space segment, 2) the control segment and 3) the user segment. The spatial segment includes the satellite constellations orbiting around the globe (hence the term global). The number of orbital planes and satellites and their altitude is slightly different for each of the four GNSS. The control segment includes all the ground-based elements to monitor and control the space segment. Finally, there is the user segment, including the receivers, the antennas and their applications. As introduced in the 1st Precision Ag Corner (New Ag International Nov/Dec 2016), GNSS receivers are used in the first stage of the map-based PA cycle, 1-Data acquisition, to document observations with the position coordi-
nates. They are also used in the last stage of the cycle, 4Actuation in the field, either to document machinery actuation or for site-specific management purposes. However, georeferenced data are used in the second stage (2-Information extraction) and the third stage (3-Decision making). In addition to document geolocation of data or machinery or operations, positioning systems together with software applications allow navigation to be implemented. Navigation is used for machinery displacement within the field following a specific path, for sampling purposes at specific locations and for site-specific management. In conclusion, GNSS receivers are technologybased solutions to help understand agronomic data spatial variability, make better agronomic decisions and putting them into practice on a site-specific basis.
DETERMINING THE POSITION OF A RECEIVER Putting it simply, satellites emit
Figure 1: One of the first military GPS receivers used as a generalized development model manufactured by Rockwell Collins around 1977 (left, adapted from GPSWorld). A Magnavox manpack GPS unit of 25x45x15 cm and more than 11 kg showed in the very first GPS receiver catalogue in mid 70s (centre, adapted from GPSWorld). A miniature GNSS complete receiver (including the antenna!) launched in 2012 of 16x16x6.8 mm and 6g (right, adapted from Globaltop Technology Inc.).
20 www.newaginternational.com
Precision Ag Corner_Layout 1 14/02/2017 16:41 Page 2
THE P R E C I S I O N AG CORNER
radio signals with embedded information. Part of the information emitted is the exact location of each satellite in a geocentric reference system and it is decoded by the receiver. Additionally, those radio signals are also used to determine the distance from the receiver to each of the tracked satellites. Without entering into details, time and clocks in the satellites and in the receiver are key elements to estimate the socalled pseudo-ranges (distances between the receiver and the satellite including errors). Once the position of each satellite and the distance to the receiver is known, a process called 3D trilateration is applied. If a Satellite A is located in the space at (XA,YA,ZA) and the distance to the receiver is RA, then the receiver can only be located on a sphere SA of radius RA centred at the satellite location (XA,YA,ZA). The intersection of the sphere SA with the Earth as a circle meaning that the receiver could only be located anywhere on the circle on the Earth surface. If a Satellite B is also tracked, the intersection of the sphere SB with SA and the Earth results in only two possible locations of the receiver. A third sphere, SC, would result in a unique solution for the location of the receiver. Ideally (without considering errors in the distance estimations), only 3 satellites are required to determine the three unknown coordinates of the position of a receiver on Earth (XR,YR,ZR) as each satellite provides the receiver with an equation to solve the problem. However, in the real situation there is a fourth unknown which is the time difference between the GNSS (as a system) and the receiver. That means that a fourth equation, provided by a fourth
satellite, is required to determine the three coordinates. Nevertheless, when only three satellites are available there is always the possibility to obtain a 2D position for the receiver (XR,YR).
SOME ERRORS AFFECTING ACCURACY Trilateration is based on the accurate knowledge of the actual position of the satellites and on the distance between them and the receiver, which is estimated using accurate timing. Therefore, three main groups of errors can affect position estimation accuracy. 1) Errors in the position and the clocks of satellites; 2) Errors in the radio signal propagation from the satellites to the receiver; and 3) Errors in the clocks and calculations of the receivers. Some of these errors can be corrected and some cannot. One of these errors is the effect of the ionosphere in the radio signals propagation, which can be corrected. The total
electron content in the ionosphere delays signals according to its frequency. Dual frequency receivers are ready to receive two of the several radio signals emitted by satellites and by comparing the delays in the two signals are able to estimate the error of the ionosphere in the distance estimation. That is why dual frequency receivers are much more accurate than single frequency receivers, as the latter use a model to correct the ionospheric effect. Another error concerns the relative position of the tracked satellites in the sky, the so-called dilution of precision (DOP). The closer the satellites are to one another, the higher the DOP and hence the error. Using receivers sensitive to more than one GNSS constellation will make many more satellites available for them to choose the configuration minimizing the DOP. The error of stand-alone receivers (without any external correction) is of several meters (some more in elevation), that is why correction
Table 1: Recommended accuracy for several agricultural operations. Operation Field identification Identification of zones within a field Soil sampling and Yield mapping Generic tillage Uniform spraying and fertilizer spreading Variable rate spraying and spreading Sowing and mowing Tractor guidance Seedbed preparation Precision sowing and transplanting Guidance for inter-row and in-row operations
Recommended accuracy ±20 m ±1 m ±30 cm ±10 cm ±5 cm < ±5 cm
systems are required to lower it down to some centimetres. As a curiosity, the time retrieved by receivers from satellites is one of the most accurate measurements of time available to the general public and it is used for clock and sensor synchronization in many professional applications.
THE REQUIRED ACCURACY: FROM 5 CM TO 20 M, DEPENDING ON THE OPERATION First of all, it is important to clarify the terms accuracy and precision. When it comes to sensing, accuracy is the quality of a sensor to provide readings close to the actual values. In GNSS receivers it is to be distinguished between relative accuracy and absolute accuracy. Relative accuracy is the ability of a receiver to provide accurate positions of the same waypoint within a short time interval (e.g. between two passes of a tractor). It is also known as pass-to-pass accuracy or shortterm accuracy. Absolute accuracy is the ability of a receiver to provide accurate positions of the same waypoint within longer time intervals (e.g. weeks, months or years). It is also known as year-toyear accuracy or long-term accuracy. When readings are taken in few minutes’ difference, the satellites used and the atmospheric conditions will be very similar as will the errors for the position estimation. When readings are taken at very different moments,
Table 2: GNSS receiver accuracy according to the specifications and the augmentation system ACCORDING TO
LOW ACCURACY (error >> 1m)
MEDIUM ACCURACY (1m > error > 5cm)
HIGH ACCURACY (error < 5cm)
GNSS CONSTELLATIONS
Only 1 (usually GPS)
Multi-constellation (GNSS)
Multi-constellation (GNSS)
RECEIVER FREQUENCY
Single frequency (L1)
Dual frequency (L1+L2)
Dual frequency (L1+L2)
AUGMENTATION SYSTEM
Stand-alone (no correction)
Some public and private SBAS and GBAS
Some private SBAS and GBAS and RTK
www.newaginternational.com
21
LEADERS PROFILE_Layout 1 14/02/2017 13:34 Page 1
L E A D E R ’S P R O F I L E
Acadian Plant HealthTM:
Acadian Seaplants’ next big step for expansion The Canadian company Acadian Seaplants Limited (ASL) recently re-branded their agricultural products division and launched the division’s new identity in an effort to reflect its commitment to providing new and effective solutions to growers within the agricultural industry. The division, Acadian Plant Health™ (APH™), has a fundamental purpose of sustainably empowering plants and will offer an expanded range of premium products for maximizing crop yields. Focusing on innovation, sustainability, grower & partner focus and its people, APH™ recently appointed Roger Tripathi to the position of President. New Ag International conducted an interview with him.
30 www.newaginternational.com
“IT’S AN EXCITING TIME FOR ACADIAN SEAPLANTS (ASL),” said President and CEO of ASL, Jean-Paul Deveau on the appointment of a new President for the company’s Acadian Plant Health (APHTM) division. “The global biostimulant industry is growing and there is an everpressing need and demand for agricultural products that are safe for the environment,” added Deveau. ASL was founded in 1981, well before the word biostimulant was “invented”! Today, Acadian Seaplants is a globally recognized industry leader in the processing of seaweed-based products for the plant and animal health, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and food and beverage industries. It is also a fully-integrated company that is responsible for every stage of its operation, from the sustainable harvesting and cultivation of its raw materials, its technology development and
engineering, its manufacturing and quality assurance to market development, sales and technical customer support. To address the global and diverse demand for seaweed-derived products, Acadian Seaplants has two separate, yet complimentary, core business divisions. The agricultural products division, APH,
accounts for a significant portion of revenues. It is responsible for the research and development, production, marketing and sales of biostimulant and bionutritional solutions. On the other hand, the Acadian Seaplants Human & Animal Wellness Division provides food, health and wellness products for animal, nutraceutical, cos-
LEADERS PROFILE_Layout 1 14/02/2017 13:34 Page 2
L E A D E R ’S P R O F I L E
original biochemical fingerprint. In 2014, Acadian Seaplants opened the Deveau Center, a state-of-the-art manufacturing facility, in Cornwallis, Canada. The $6 million investment increased the production capacity of Acadian Seaplants as they moved from a manufacturing space of 15,000 square feet to a new location measuring 130,000 square feet. With no other plant like it throughout the world, it introduce expansion potential to Acadian and gave it a competitive edge as an Ascophyllum-based product supplier.
CAPITILIZING ON NEW OPPORTUNITIES: THE CHALLENGE FOR ACADIAN PLANT HEALTHTM
metics and food and beverages industries.
A VERTICALLY INTEGRATED COMPANY The company’s products are derived from Ascophyllum nodosum, the most highly researched marine plant in the world that grows exclusively in the North Atlantic Ocean. This species of marine plant contains a complex array of bioactive compounds with stress resistance properties. APHTM’s parent company, Acadian Seaplants, has numerous long-term governmental licenses for harvesting Ascophyllum nodosum in areas throughout Atlantic Canada. The company has expanded its presence and now also owns a manufacturing facility in Europe with access to raw material there. The company plans on continuing to
secure additional access to A. nodosum under long-term lease agreements, new geographies and advanced technology.
CUTTING EDGE MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND FACILITIES APHTM uses a proprietary process in the manufacturing of its bionutritional and biostimulant solutions. The formula used for extraction is adjusted based on the seasonal physiology of the Ascophyllum nodosum to ensure product quality and consistency. Partnering with the National Research Council of Canada, APHTM identified a ‘biochemical fingerprint’ for its products by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. This fingerprint allows APHTM to scientifically demonstrate the remarkable consistency of its products by matching every batch to the
In 2016, CEO of ASL, Jean-Paul Deveau, took a step forward by hiring a high-profile executive. “We are pleased that Roger Tripathi has become part of the ASL leadership team. It’s one of the company’s evolutionary milestones to add such an experienced global executive to our team to lead the next growth phase of the APHTM division,” said Deveau. “My focus initially is on expanding APHTM product offerings, assembling one of the best business development teams globally and consolidating APH’s leadership position in the global biostimulant segment,” said Tripathi. Tripathi’s mission is clear; help the company provide an increasing number of proven plant health solutions that improve crop productivity, while respecting the environment and society. Four focus areas represent the foundation on which the APH™ brand is built. Innovation: Its world-leading scientific teams have an inspired commitment to research and development.
Sustainability: Its dedication to maximizing customer profitability, while protecting the planet and its people, is a core value. Grower & Partner Focus: Its commitment to understanding each customer’s unique needs, achieves win-win partnerships. People: Its priority in taking great care of employees ensures they take great care of customers.
INNOVATION: AGRONOMIC AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Growers need to know that the products they use on their crops are going to deliver superior performance on every application, year after year. As already mentioned, APHTM has identified a ‘biochemical fingerprint’ for its products, but this fingerprint was not enough for the Acadian R&D team! Even though previous experiments demonstrate the positive effects of Acadian’s Ascophyllum-based products on plant stress management, the mode of action is not yet fully understood. In an effort to decode how Acadian products work, a study was recently published to help us understand the physiological effect of Acadian’s products on plants subjected to drought. In the study, leaf angle and stomatal conductance of soybean plants were measured to assess the impact of drought stress. Thermal imaging was also used to measure plant temperatures. The effect of the Acadian product became visible on the third day as the leaves of the control plants began wilting rapidly while the leaves of the treated plants remained upright. At the same time, thermal imaging showed that the leaf temperature of the control plants increased by 2-3°C compared to the leaf temperature of the treated plants. These results suggest improved stomatal conductance.
www.newaginternational.com
31
Prod&Trends 1_Layout 1 14/02/2017 18:49 Page 1
P R O D U C T S & T R E N D S
Biostimulants and Biocontrol:
A sustained pace of Mergers and Acquisitions Merger and acquisition activity in the biocontrol and biostimulant sectors have been going strong for many years, with US$2 to $3 billion in acquisitions occurring since 2012. Major acquisitions by companies like Bayer, Syngenta, and BASF have made big news, but many other smaller deals continue to occur on a regular basis with an average of more than 20 acquisitions per year since 2014. The biocontrol and biostimulant markets have been growing at 12%-15% consolidated annual growth rate over the last 5 to 10 years, making them highly attractive to global companies. Both sectors are multibillion US$ sales segments today and are forecast to account for more than US$7 billion in combined revenue by 2020. Based upon their unique mode of action and the favourable regulatory treatment due to their inherent safety to users and the environment, global companies see biologicals as a key part of their future success. Innovative technologies with high barrier to entry, especially intellectual property, will be highly valued. Global companies bring their distribution strength and financial resources, giving biological companies the market access they need to fully exploit their technology. The high degree of merger and acquisition interest in biocontrol and biostimulant companies is predicted to continue based on these factors. Mark Trimmer has the exclusive story for New Ag International.
B
EFORE BEGINNING AN in-depth discussion of the recent merger and acquisition activities, it is important that our readers are on the same page regarding the terms that will be used in this article. Many terms are used when discussing the biological agriculture market, including biocontrol, biopesticide, biostimulants, microbials, and biochemicals. DunhamTrimmer has developed the chart (chart 1) to define these terms to improve clarity and to assist in the development of a common vocabulary. Biological products is the broadest term, which encompasses all biological control, biostimulant, and biofertilizer based products. Biocontrol and biopesticides are often used interchangeably, but should not be considered equivalent. Biocontrol includes both biopesticides and macro-organisms (predatory insects, mites, and nematodes). Microbials and plant extracts can be used either as biopesticides or biostimulants, so it is important to specify how the product is used for precision.
75 MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS DURING THE LAST THREE YEARS Merger and acquisition activity in the biostimulant and biocontrol sector over the last five years has been very active and shows no signs of slowing down. Though one of the first acquisitions in the biocontrol industry by one of the “Top 6” crop protection companies was that of Circle One Global by Syngenta back in 2009, the
34 www.newaginternational.com
intensity of consolidation activity in biocontrol really accelerated when Bayer announced their acquisition of AgraQuest for US$425 million (EUR 403 million) in July 2012. This was followed rapidly in September 2012 by Syngenta’s acquisition of Pasteuria Bioscience for US$113 (EUR 107 million) and in upfront and deferred payments and BASF acquisition of Becker Underwood for US$1.02 billion (EUR 965 million). While large acquisitions by global companies like these receive broad media attention, numerous smaller acquisitions and mergers have continued to occur each year, continuing the consolidation trend in the biocontrol space. In contrast to biocontrol, consolidation in the biostimulant industry has come mainly from within the sector by companies expanding their presences in other countries and building broader product portfolios. Major announcements fueling this trend included Biolchim acquisition of CIFO (August 2014); multiple acquisitions by Verdesian Life Sciences including INTX Microbials (October 2013), Specialty Fertilizer Products (July 2014), QC Corporation (October 2014) and Valagro acquisition of Sri Biotech Laboratories (April 2015). Multinational companies have not been totally absent in biostimulants with Novozymes and Monsanto announcing in December 2013 formation of a long term strategic alliance focused on discovery and devel-
Prod&Trends 1_Layout 1 14/02/2017 18:49 Page 2
P R O D U C T S & T R E N D S
Chart 1
opment of microbials called the BioAg Alliance as well as the acquisition of seaweed producer Goemar by Arysta in April 2014. In general, however, global crop protection companies have been hesitant, to date, to make large commitments to the biostimulant segment due to low barrier to entry and lack of intellectual property. The primary exception to this is in the seed treatment segment where biostimulants are used in conjunction with other biocontrol technologies and conventional chemistry in seed coatings. Both biological sectors are dominated by mostly privately owned companies. Nearly 80% of biocontrol companies are based on a single technology while biostimulant companies have a broader base due to lower costs and timelines for product development and regulatory approvals. Many startup companies are hampered by limited resources, both people and money, making it challenging
to fully exploit their technology, even if it is superior. Hundreds of companies participate in the biocontrol and biostimulant sectors, with more being formed each year. This high number of companies results in a decidedly fragmented market, with roughly 15 to 20 companies capturing 60% or more of total revenue in each sector. In contrast, in the much more mature crop protection market, over 70% of the industry revenue is captured by six companies (soon to be four companies if announced mergers are approved by regulatory authorities). This suggests there is an opportunity for much more consolidation in the biostimulant and biocontrol spaces. While the major acquisitions mentioned
earlier captured attention in recent years, consolidation continues at an exceptional pace. Over the last three years, 2BMonthly has reported well over 20 mergers and acquisitions annually with many other distribution and R&D agreements (see table below).
A FIVE BILLION US$ MARKET TODAY, SET TO CONTINUE GROWING A primary driver of interest in biocontrol and biostimulant sector has been the rapid growth of both industries. While biocontrol and biostimulant products have been used by growers for many decades, broad commercial use did not begin in earnest until the 1990â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. Both the biocontrol and biostimulant sectors have grown
Number of Agreements Year
Merger & Acquisition
Distribution
R&D
2014
24
22
16
2015
27
11
9
2016
24
13
8
from approximately US$100 million in global sales in 1990 to multibillion US$ global sales market in 2016 (see Chart 2 & Chart 3). DunhamTrimmer estimates the global biocontrol market in 2016 at the manufacturer level to be nearly US$3 billion and forecasts it will be nearly US$5.0 billion by 2020. The biocontrol sector has expanded rapidly with sustained global consolidated annual growth rates of 15% or more over the last decade, at least two to three times higher than conventional crop protection market growth during the same period. DunhamTrimmer predicts the growth rate may slow by 2025, but will remain well above the annual growth rate of the conventional crop protection market. DunhamTrimmer estimates the global biostimulant market in 2016 at US$2.0 billion and forecasts it will surpass US$3.0 billion by 2020. The biostimulant sector has expanded rapidly with sus-
www.newaginternational.com
35
IRRIGATION LEADERS_Layout 1 20/02/2017 18:36 Page 1
I R R I G AT I O N L E A D E R S
Rivulis at full speed:
Merges with Eurodrip and launches Manna
After its establishment in June 2014, Rivulis Irrigation has surprised the market, growing strongly and adding value at full speed. Since FIMI acquired the former John Deere Water Division, the new management led by Rivulis CEO Richard Klapholz has created a new vision and a new brand in record time. And it doesn’t stop: recently, Rivulis announced that it has signed an agreement to merge with Eurodrip, creating one of the largest irrigation companies in the world. And it has launched Manna, its first move into Precision Agriculture through an irrigation intelligence software based on satellites and Hyper-local weather forecast.
50 www.newaginternational.com
A BIGGER RIVULIS: 18 FACTORIES AND 1,800 EMPLOYEES Rivulis Irrigation Ltd. of Israel and Eurodrip S.A. of Greece announced on January 2017 that the two companies have entered into a definitive merger agreement in an all-share transaction, creating a global leader in micro irrigation. The merged company will have unparalleled market coverage with 18 factories around the world and 1,800 employees across 5 continents and 30 countries. The merged company will be headquartered in Gvat, Israel and will be named Rivulis Irrigation, Ltd. Richard Klapholz, the current
CEO of Rivulis Irrigation, will lead the merged company. All current shareholders of the two companies – FIMI Opportunity Funds, Israel's leading private equity fund (FIMI), U.S. based Paine & Partners, LLC (Paine & Partners) and Dhanna Engineering of India – will remain shareholders of the merged company and will remain active on the Board of Directors, ensuring continuity and providing strong support for the success of the merged company. FIMI will maintain a majority stake and Gillon Beck, the current Chairman of Rivulis Irrigation and Senior Partner at FIMI, will serve as the
IRRIGATION LEADERS_Layout 1 20/02/2017 18:36 Page 2
I R R I G AT I O N L E A D E R S
will give us a lot of industrial experience”. Booth tells New Ag International that when FIMI acquired the company, it acquired a company with no debts, with a “pristine balance sheet that was incredibly strong”. “And in these years we have proven that this business is profitable”.
Chairman of the merged entity. The company will continue to support both the Rivulis and Eurodrip brands.
SEEKING FOR BOTH ORGANIC AND EXTERNAL GROWTH Barbara Booth has been the general manager of Rivulis North America since July 2014. During a busy day at the Irrigation Show she finds a moment to talk to New Ag International. “People say we have turned the company around and I don`t agree with that”, she says. “For us, it has been a continuation of the legacy of companies - with leading, trusted products and at the same time creating a new culture and a new brand. And
two years later people know our company. Rivulis is a well known, well regarded brand, which means that we have done a great job. For us, the new culture is to be fast moving, to be customer focused and continue to innovate. In terms of products we have launched several drip tape and drip line products. We have also entered the ‘irrigation intelligence/precision agriculture’ landscape by establishing Manna, an Irrigation Intelligence software company In terms of geographies, we have expanded our distribution footprint in many countries and we still see space for distributors’ growth.” In terms of geographies, Booth sees growth opportunities in many countries. In North America, Rivulis has grown strongly, increasing capacity in its two factories (California and Georgia). “Asia is also a promising territory for us, especially India. I think India is possibly our biggest opportunity. There is a huge space for growth in India and we have established a joint venture with DEL, a company that belongs to the Firodia Family ( the controlling shareholders of Force Motors) who are also shareholders in Rivulis, which will help us to distribute our products and
What is on the horizon? “We have a strategy to grow organically. This can be accomplished by doing new dealer development, old dealer development, launching new products and of course, expanding in terms of geographies. But we can also grow inorganically and the shareholders have been working on this, looking for new opportunities. We are looking to grow in all ways that we can”. What is Manna in this strategic plan? Manna is a combination of organic (some work was done internally) and inorganic growth (an acquisition). But it also shows our commitment to help our growers to use their resources more intelligently. And it is also an excellent platform to show our portfolio to farmers.
MANNA: IRRIGATION INTELLIGENCE FROM OUTER SPACE Manna Irrigation Intelligence is a sensor-free, software-based solution that provides site-specific irrigation recommendations, crop monitoring maps and irrigation planning tools. Growers can access the information anywhere at any time through a web and mobile interface. “The ancient Hebrews in the bible received the food Manna from Heaven, which saved their lives. In a similar way, we use information from the sky above (that comes
from satellites) to help growers around the world make better informed irrigation decisions.”, Eyal Mor, CEO of Manna Irrigation Ltd tell us. Manna Irrigation Ltd is a fully owned subsidiary of Rivulis Irrigation Ltd. What is the story behind this platform? In 2015, says Mr. Mor, “I was asked by Rivulis management to find the best way for Rivulis to enter the precision agriculture market. The management at Rivulis did not want to only stick to a “brick and mortar” irrigation company model. I was a consultant at that time so I started to tour around the “start up nation” (Israel) and look for opportunities. And we ran into Agam Advanced Agronomy Harei Megido Ltd., a leader of precision farming and remote sensing services in Israel. “Agam was a relatively small company but truly was the pioneer of precision farming in Israel. At the time of the acquisition it had been in this business for more than 10 years. Agam provided services to farmers, based on remote sensing and GIS technologies, such as variability analyses and management zones, prescriptions for irrigation, plant nutrition and plant protection,” says Hovav Lapidot, current Director of Marketing at Manna, and a former Agam professional.
A UNIQUE SENSOR FREE CONCEPT “So we decided to start working with the Agam professionals and other experts that we hired with the purpose of creating something unique. The concept was to provide the market with specific irrigation recommendation, crop and site specific and extremely dynamic…without any footprint on earth. Which means, without
www.newaginternational.com
51
Regional Report_Layout 1 20/02/2017 18:41 Page 1
R E G I O N A L R E P O R T
GERMANY:
A Most Important Agricultural sector Germany is well known for its various and highly reputable industries: Cars, machinery, chemicals, households, etc… Very few people know that it is also a big agricultural country, with a contrasted scene between a conservative farming sector and a highly modern, efficient and sustainable farming that is developing. Today Germany is the third largest agricultural producer in the European Union, after France and Italy. As in other sectors of the economy, the division of Germany was reflected in a dramatic divergence of agricultural development. West Germany remained essentially a country of small family farms; in the 1980s only about 5 percent of holdings had more than 50 hectares, though they accounted for nearly one-fourth of the total agricultural area. By the beginning of the 21st century, however, large farms represented about half of the total agricultural area in western Germany and some two-thirds in eastern Germany. Today in unified Germany, the average farm size is close to 56 ha, the highest in the EU! UAA (Utilized Agriculture Area) per German inhabitant hits the fabulous number of 0.2 ha/person! Meaning that the yield produced in 0.2 ha is sufficient to produce the food for a German inhabitant New Ag International contributing Editor O. Achilea went to have a closer look to a highly efficient and productive agriculture.
60 www.newaginternational.com
TOTAL COUNTRY’S LAND IS 35,738,000 ha, and the average annual precipitation is 700 mm. Topographically, Germany can be roughly divided into three structural forms: the north German Plain, the uplands and Alpine region. The north German Plain consists of hilly sandy and gravelly soils, landscapes with many lakes, as well as lowlands and glacial meltwater channels. The hills of the central uplands separate North Germany from South Germany. The uplands are morphologically subdivided into mountainous regions and valleys, the mountains reach altitudes of 700–1,500m. The Alpine region is subdivided into the South German Alpine Foreland, and the Bavarian High Alps, in the south, with the highest German mountain, the Zugspitze, reaching a height of 2,962m. So, more than half of the total area of Germany is hilly or mountainous. These unfavorable natural conditions narrowly limit land usage and farming practices.
Germany enjoys a temperate-, and for the most part oceanic- climate, which, is warmed up by the Gulf Stream. Except for peaks, January temperatures average around freezing point, being slightly higher in the north-west and the upper Rhine valley, and slightly lower in the east, and on the southern plateau. July temperatures, on the other hand, average nearly 18°C, with the warmest area in the upper Rhine basin. The total average annual rainfall is 770mm, with extremes as low as 500mm, and as high as 2,000mm. Considerable snow falls in wintertime remain on the ground for only a short time in the west, but sometimes lasting several weeks in the east. The possible frost period lasts from 60 days/year in the west, to 170 days in the east and south. In general, the precipitation amount decreases from West to East. These climatic and rainfall conditions make drainage more important than irrigation, for optimizing soil water/air balance.
People March 17_Layout 1 14/02/2017 14:41 Page 1
P E O P L E & E V E N T S
Dr. Ismail Cakmak Chosen as 2016 IPNI Science Award Winner & is awarded The World Academy for Sciences 2016 Prize in Agricultural Sciences ■ The International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI) has named Dr. Ismail Cakmak as the winner of the 2016 IPNI Science Award. The IPNI Science Award recognizes outstanding achievements in research, extension, or education; with focus on efficient management of plant nutrients and their positive interaction in fully integrated cropping systems that enhance yield potential. A committee of noted international authorities selects the recipient. Dr. Cakmak has made major contributions to scientific knowledge through his leadership role in alleviating the micronutrient malnutrition problem in developing countries. This has led to international recognition for his efforts in zinc biofortification of cereal crops. At the same time, The World Academy of Sciences awarded the 2016 Prize in Agricultural Sciences to Ismail Çakmak for successful international projects in 12 countries to employ agricultural strategies to reduce diseases related to zinc, iron and iodine deficiency in
over 2 billion people in the developing world, and his outstanding contributions to scientific literature in his field. Dr Cakmak has been many times a speaker and session chairman at the New Ag International conference since 2005, as well as a contributing Editor to our magazines. He will again be a speaker at our Berlin conference, speaking on foliar fertilization with iodine in particular.
BRANDT COO TIM MCARDLE NAMED CHAIRMAN OF THE US AGRICULTURAL RETAILERS ASSOCIATION ■ BRANDT, EVP and Chief Operating Officer Tim McArdle has been named chairman of the USA Agricultural Retailers Association. McArdle has served as the General Manager of the BRANDT Retail Ag division for 15 years. McArdle received the gavel from Harold Cooper, CEO of Premier Ag Co-Op, and will serve a one-year term. McArdle is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Agricultural Retailers Association, Fluid Fertilizer Foundation, Responsible Ag and AgGateway. He also serves on the BRANDT Board of Directors.
“I heartily congratulate Tim,” said Rick Brandt, President & CEO of BRANDT. “This is a significant position of industry leadership. And in this time of uncertainty, the position is crucial for our future. We’re very proud to have Tim on the BRANDT team and working for all of us in the industry.” The Agricultural Retailers Association serves as the Ag retail and distribution industry’s voice. The ARA advocates before Congress and the Executive Branch to ensure a profitable business environment for members.
(left-to-right) Premier Ag CEO Harold Cooper hands the Chairman’s Gavel to BRANDT COO Tim McArdle while Agricultural Retailers Association (ARA) President and CEO Daren Coppock looks on.
International Conference & X National Horticultural Science Congress of Iran (IrHC2017) - 4-7 Sept 2017, Tehran, Iran ■ The theme of the event will be “Productivity of horticultural crops in Iran: potentials, production limitations, possible solutions and international collaborations” Organizers welcome delegates to participate and submit an abstract
80 www.newaginternational.com
and present work either as oral or poster presentation. The program outline and other related information is now available or will be updated at the IrHC2017 website at: http://www.ishs.org/ symposium/643.
THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT THE COMPLETE MAGAZINE TO SEE THE COMPLETE ISSUE GO TO: newaginternational.com
THANKS FOR READING!