COASTAL
Logging
Advertising supplement of the News-Times
October, 2014
• Wood Chips, Wood Bark and Timber Purchasing • Logging • Land Development • Rock Crushing and Road Construction • Equipment Transportation History: The Nygaard family have been in the Pacific Northwest timber industry going on four generations so far. In 1929, Andrew Nygaard arrived from Norway and started a log rafting business on the Nehalem River near Wheeler, Oregon. Andrew’s son Martin Nygaard grew up log rafting and logging. Martin later started Warrenton Fiber and began purchasing timber to produce wood chips. Martin’s sons David and John Nygaard started their own logging business called Nygaard Logging. The family joined their companies of Warrenton Fiber and Nygaard Logging in 1999. David and John’s children are also active in the family businesses. John Nygaard’s son John M. Nygaard is involved in daily operations in addition to being an attorney. Present: Warrenton Fiber-Nygaard Logging has over 140 employees and is well established in the local community. In 1982, operations moved to their current location at Tansy Point in Warrenton, Oregon. The facility consists of a 750 foot long dock in deep water on the Columbia River. Tansy Point also has space for receiving, storage, and processing logs into wood chips in barges and trucks for transport to customers at paper mills.
389 NW 13th St., PO Box 100, Warrenton, OR 97146 Phone: 503-861-3305 • Fax: 503-861-2925
Lincoln County logging
The Warfield way is all about family By Dennis Anstine For the News-Times NEWPORT — In Lincoln County, the Warfield family is synonymous with logging. Patriarch Glenn Warfield, 90, started logging on his property east of Toledo off Elk City Road in 1968 and still keeps his eyes on an operation that includes 10 family members and a total of 24 employees. Sons Scott, Sam, Rod and Terry have taken over since their father retired in 1987, which has allowed the company to operate smoothly and productively even while going through hard times during 2007-08. Thanks to a long-term contract with Seattle-based Plum Creek Timber Co., the Warfields log year-around, primarily in the Oregon Coast Range between Florence and Tillamook. By cutting and transporting raw Douglas fir and western hemlock logs, Warfield creates about 15 million board feet of
timber annually. Plum Creek is the family’s main buyer, but it also provides raw timber for Toledo’s Georgia-Pacific mill and some mills in the Willamette Valley. The company’s success over the last 46 years has been the result of hard work and the family’s ability to remain close-knit while operating a business that is often economically volatile. As the oldest brother and the undisputed head of the company, Scott, 60, gets the last word when important decisions need to be made. But there are no titles among the brothers “because that tends to cause fights,” he said. “I get the last say because someone has to,” says Scott, who started working for the company when he was 17. “But I respect their opinions, and I like to think that I take their ideas and look at them respectfully. It’s kind of goofy, but we never have arguments.” It’s all about family, respect and a daily
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Continued on next page
work ethic that is reabout 30 to 40 loads per day lentless. now. Now that we’ve gotten Scott, for example, through it we know we could figures family memit again if we had to.” bers and other emBrenda Walters, Scott’s ployees respect daughter and the company’s him because he still human resource manager, works hard every day. said family unity made the “I always knew where difference since there was I wanted to be. I still only one non-Warfield emset chokers out there,” ployee during the hard times. he said. “My phi“Dad never gave up, and the losophy is that if you family came together,” she won’t do it yourself said. “It was an amazing ride then you can’t ask because we decided we’d do someone else to do it. whatever it took to keep it It’s all about respect.” going. We lost some sleep, Dealing with the marbut we made it.” ket is not so easy, espeThe company has expanded cially when the recessome, which has allowed sion struck in 2008. family members to take on a “We took a huge hit, and variety of tasks and key roles. we’re still not where Sam focuses on keeping the we were before,” said company’s machinery goScott. “On average we ing, while brothers Rod and were running 40 to 60 Scott (left) and Sam Warfield are half of a set of brothers who keep the east county logging company Terry serve as job bosses in log trucks a day, then Warfield Limited going strong after 46 years of cutting and transporting timber to Oregon mills. the field. Scott’s sons, Rob we were down to 8 to (Photo by Dennis Anstine) and Terry, also have responsi10 daily over a couple bilities in the field, including tured their stock, asked vendors “Having the bank be there for us was of years. It was an eye-opener.” involvement with Warfield’s road buildto be patient and their bank (Or- critical,” said Scott, “and very slowly To survive, the Warfields restruc- egon Coast Bank) to believe in them. it started getting better. We’re up to ing branch.
TREES: A REMARKABLE, RENEWABLE RESOURCE Sustainable Forest Management-Weyerhaeuser
Forests provide habitat for wildlife, protection for clean water and air, and recreation for people. Since trees are a renewable resource, when managed sustainably they also can be used to address important human needs without ever exhausting the supply. In a world with population growing at a rate of approximately 70 million people a year, we believe trees can and should be managed well to meet basic needs in our society: shelter, sanitation, packaging and communication. Sustainable forestry is synonymous with Weyerhaeuser. By responsibly managing our forests, we ensure our manufacturing facilities have access to sufficient volumes of raw material while simultaneously maintaining the benefits forests provide beyond forest products.
We rely on comprehensive internal policies and management systems to ensure we implement the most innovative, efficient, and sustainable practices available.
We also recognize that sustainable forestry requires continuous improvement based on a foundation of sound scientific research and technological innovation. We invest in research and partner with others in ways that support our activities on the ground. In 2013, we spent $22 million on forestry research that provided scientific insight into a variety of critical areas, including biodiversity, fish and wildlife, and forest health and productivity. OUR FORESTS
We intensively manage our lands using scientific principles and environmentally responsible techniques that enhance the production of wood, while maintaining the overall health of the ecosystem. Many of our forests grow wood at two to three times the rate of comparable, unmanaged forests, allowing us to efficiently meet the needs of our customers.
Logging Lingo 1____Burying the whole bar of the holding wood and backcut are intensaw while cutting. tionally altered to solve a particular falling problem. 2____A small boat, usually less than fourteen feet in length, equipped with 7____A line used to support or stabian outboard motor, having directional lize a spar. pushing capabilities of 360 degrees. 8____A mechanical device wherein 3____The practice of welding some- the line is not attached to the drum thing end to end. and is manually spooled to control the line movement on and off the drum. 4____Special technique of partially cutting the extreme outside holding 9____A type of loading boom where wood corners to prevent root pull, two tongs are used and logs are susslabbing and alteration of the desired pended. A transporting vehicle with falling direction. multiple sets of bunks attached to a rigid frame usually used for hauling 5____Diameter of the tree at breast logs. height. 10____One of the two types of faces 6____General reference made to a commonly used to fall a tree. The face special falling technique in which the section is removed from the stump of constant relationships of the face, the tree.
Match these definitions to the terms on the next page.
11____An area in which the trees have 17____A weight used to swing a boom not been felled in any particular lead when the power unit does not have or direction. Such a situation is a result enough drums to do it mechanically. of poor falling technique. 18____Metal nail-like affair attached to 12____Space resulting from the cut- the end of a logger’s measuring tape. ting of a saw chain. After inserted, it will secure one end of the tape allowing the faller to proceed 13____A thin slice of wood, sometimes down the tree to accurately determine taken off the stump and used to cover the desired length of the log. the saw if it’s to be left out. 19____Sharp or pointed end of chain 14____The felling of trees without us- saw file. ing an undercut. 20____A grooved saddle of wood or 15____Special tool used to establish metal rollers contained within two the outward lean or slant of a tree in steel plates, attached to a tree with relation to its base. Generally a lead a strap, used as a guide for skyline, weight attached to piece of string is sail guy, or similar static line. It is also used. formed to prevent a shard bend in the line. 16____A tree stem that branches into two or more trunks or tops.
Logging Lingo A. GUYLINE
K. TANG
B. JACK-POT
L. KERF
C. TREE JACK
M. HAYRACK
D. DBH
N. BUTT WELDING
E. MATCHCUTTING
O. STINGER
F. BOOMSCOOTER
P. GYPSY DRUM
G. SQUIRREL
Q. PLUMB-BOB
H. DUTCHMAN
R. HUMBOLDT FACE
I. BEAVER-TAILING
S. LILY PAD
J. SCHOOLMARM
T. CORNER-NIPPING
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Answers: 1-I, 2-F, 3-N, 4-T, 5-D, 6-H, 7-A, 8-P, 9-M, 10-R, 11-B, 12-L, 13-S, 14-E, 15-Q, 16-J, 17-G, 18-O, 19-K, 20-C
Safety in a an extremely hazardous workplace The degree of attention to safety and loss control by many employers and employees is much less than it could be. The logging industry continues to report high injury frequency and severity rates. At every step in the logging process, from felling the tree to transporting it to the mill or yard, workers are subject to a variety of hazards from the environment, type of work, equipment, and physical and emotional strains. Still, many logging workers either are not fully trained or approach their tasks with a risk-taking attitude. While some hazards and risks as well as unsafe worker actions are difficult to control, most can be controlled, reduced, or eliminated. These controllable unsafe acts and conditions should receive the utmost priority. Not every accident or injury will be prevented, but proper safety and loss control management will minimize many risks and injuries. SAFETY MUST BE FIRST IN ALL LOGGING ACTIVITIES! Investing in safety pays off. Safety pays -
ACCIDENT CAUSES
For operations employing manual chainsaw felling and delimbing, the most frequent and serious accidents involve workers on the ground being struck by a falling tree, limb, top, or rolling log while operating a chainsaw. For fully-mechanized operations where felling and delimbing are performed by a worker in the protected cab of a machine, a significant number of injuries occur during equipment repair and maintenance in the field. Recent logging injury analyses also point out that:
While logging injuries have been declining in recent years due to mechanization, increased safety awareness, and accident prevention, the rate remains high compared to other industries.
Nearly one-half of the injuries incurred by equipment operators are the result of slipping and falling while mounting or dismounting their machine.
Accidents cost! Safe timber harvesting operations yield improved worker attitudes, safer work habits, fewer injuries, increased production, lower operating costs, and greater profitability. Nothing you or your fellow workers do is so important that you must risk life or limb. Safety is really taking the time and making the effort to do a job correctly. Safety is nothing more than using good common sense. Only the people on the job, the boss and crew, can make it safe.
Nearly 50% of all logging injuries are incurred by workers with less than one year’s experience on the job. On mechanized operations, more accidents occur at the landing than in the woods. On fully-mechanized operations, nearly 25% of the injuries reported are the result of a truck driver, equipment operator, or supervisor using a chainsaw to fell or delimb an “oversize” or “difficult-to-access” tree that cannot be processed by the fellerbuncher or delimber. Nearly all logging accidents can be prevented with a strong and consistent commitment to safety by logging business owners, supervisors, and their employees; mandatory use of appropriate personal protective equipment; periodic, frequent safety training for all workers; close supervision of new and/or inexperienced workers, zero tolerance for violation of safe working rules; and a healthy dose of common sense. Continued on next page
Winter versus Summer Logging Though winter has historically been the prime season for logging hereabouts, logging these days happens year-round and there are good ecological reasons for deciding which season is best for working on each piece of land. Winter has long been king for the simple reason that, historically, that’s when people had time for logging. A century ago, farmers and hired hands headed for the woods to make some extra money in the off-season. Today, many farmers still make the winter migration into the woods, but as logging has become more dependent upon specialized tools and skills, the part-timers have been outnumbered by the full-time professionals. Back when all logging was done
with horses, winter was also preferred because logs could be slid on snow more easily than on bare ground. Logging jobs would be carefully laid out to make sure that every tree moved downhill, and downhill only, from the moment it was cut to the moment it was sawed or loaded onto a truck or railcar. There was no easy way to move large logs uphill, no matter how many horses or oxen were assembled on the scene. Today’s logging equipment brings hundreds of horsepower to a logging job, but winter is still the preferred season for many jobs because the soil is protected, either under a blanket of snow or by being frozen. Soils, especially those that are wet much of the year, are easily compacted by vehicles mov-
ing through the woods, and compacted soil kills tree roots outright or make it harder for them to absorb water and nutrients. Some logging, however, is best done during the driest seasons of the year. Logging on steep ridges and hillsides can be too dangerous in winter even for modern equipment because compacted snow makes the ground too slippery to safely handle either logs or equipment. These jobs are usually tackled when the snow is gone and the soil is as dry as possible, to minimize soil disturbance and prevent subsequent soil erosion. And, of course, there are times when the snow is just too deep for winter logging, especially towards February and March. Skidders and forwarders can
move through several feet of snow with little difficulty, but there are parts of our two states that routinely see much more snow than that in a good winter. These jobs, too, need to wait for the summer or autumn. Finally, your choice of season can influence which trees will grow back afterwards. If you’re looking to grow trees from seeds that germinate best on exposed soil, you will want to log in the summer months when the logging equipment will rough up the soil a bit and make it easier for these trees to get started. White pine is the best example of this, though the same is true for yellow birch, many of the oaks, and even hemlock. Most maple seeds, on the other hand, germi-
nate just fine on undisturbed soils, meaning that winter logging may be best if you want to favor your maples. White pine and white oak can make planning a logging job especially easy because their cones and acorns spend two years developing on the tree before falling to the ground. Foresters and loggers, therefore, can peer up into the tree tops one autumn and know how good the cone and acorn crop will be the following autumn, making it possible to schedule a logging job for exactly when a bumper crop is getting ready to hit the ground. Red oaks and the various maples also tip their hands during heavy seed years but only provide a few months notice. These species set their seeds in the spring and drop them in the autumn of the same year.
TOP TEN POINTS OF LOGGING SAFETY The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that logging is one of the most dangerous occupations in the United States.
3. Wear Personal Protective Equipment
1. Logging Business Owners need to make Safety a #1 Priority 2. Establish a Comprehensive Safety Training Program, First Aid and CPR training.
4. Look for overhead Hazards
8. Retain Valuable Logging Employees
5. Work outside of strike zone and watch out for each other!
9. Be All That You Can Be mentally and physically.
6. Practice Safe Directional Manual Felling
10. “There Is No Tree Out Here Worth Getting Hurt Over” quote of former FRA Ken Rolston (don’t take chances)
7. Properly Maintain Your Equipment
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– FUELING OUR LOCAL ECONOMY AND PROVIDING JOBS SINCE 1968 –
Owner/Operators: Scott Warfield and Sam Warfield PO Box 59 • Toledo, OR 97391 Office: 541-875-4945 • Email: warfieldlimited@hotmail.com
Logging, Road Building/Maintenance & Heavy Equipment Hauling