NIJIA JI PORTFOLIO 2013-2014
Landscape as Urbanism “The promise of landscape urbanism is the development of a spacetime ecology that treats all forces and agents working in the urban ield and considers then as continuous networks of inter-relationships.” - Corner, James. “Terra Fluxus.” In The landscape urbanism reader.
SHANGHAI, CHINA
KISUMU, KENYA
Landscape Urbanism as Storytelling... Landscape urbanism for me is a signiicant chapter of urbanism story. During the such long history, urbanism has come to a controversial stage. With the understanding and awareness of global ecological, landscape urbanism has become one of the vogues in future urbanism. This time, for me landscape urbanism is no longer a static, or a theory in any report. It grows into a signiicant, a creativity, and a feasible way to change our understanding of urban vs. nature. By taking landscape urbanism as a future step, more and more issues could be relief or even solve. With the passion, conident and skills of being able to design a better, stronger, more sustainable and more resilient living condition, I am looking forward how and where the story will go...
Ames, US NEW YORK, US
CONTENT| SELECTED WORKS
BACK TO THE RIVER
recovery and rebuild riverfront
undergraduate personal project
REBUILDING THE BOWL
more resilient and stronger waterfront
graduate group project: project leader
SOCIAL CAPITAL(ize)
designing a healthy city
graduate group project
GENERATIVE POOLING
designing a healthy city
graduate group project: project leader
POLE VAULT graduate fabrication group project
urban re-densiication
NIJIAJI
71 West 107th Street Apt 2W. New York. NY 10025 nj2288@columbia.edu | njlandarch@gmail.com 515.708.3531
EDUCATION Columbia University, GSAPP Master of Science in Architecture and Urban Design
Iowa State University, College of Design Bachelor of Landscape Architecture
New York, NY May 2013 - May 2014 Ames, IA May 2008 - May 2013
EXPERIENCE Suzhou Academy of Urban Planning & Design Co. Ltd INTERN
Suzhou, Jiangsu, China May 2012 - September 2012 Urban Design / Landscape Architecture / Translation Member of Swan Lake District Urban Design group. Engaged in on site research, landscape design, fabrication and final presentation, worked on analysis, 3D modeling and drawing, perspective, rendering, and final production during duration of project. Also helped translating project from Chinese to English.
Post-disaster Community Rebuild and Recover Community Service
Mapleton, IA Fall 2012 Planning / Urban Design / Architecture / Landscape Conducted post-diaster research and analysis, engaged in on site interviews with local schools, nursery center, and community, worked on 3D modeling and drawing, perspective, rendering, and final production during duration of project.
The Global Studio INTERN
Kisumu, Kenya | New York, NY January 2014 - Present Urban Design / Landscape Architecture / Translation Member of Swan Lake District Urban Design group. Engaged in on site research, landscape design, fabrication and final presentation, worked on analysis, 3D modeling and drawing, perspective, rendering, and final production during duration of project. Also helped translating project from Chinese to English.
SKILLS SOFTWARE
FABRICATION ARTISTIC OTHER
PROFESSIONAL REFERENCES
Adobe Suite (Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign, After Effects), AutoCAD ArcGIS, Rhinoceros, Maya, Sketchup, Microsoft Office Suite laser cutter, wood shop Model making, diagramming, hand drafting, photography Team-member, quick learner Hohmann, Heidi M | Undergraduate Advisor Interim Chair, Associate Professor, Graduate Coordinator of Dept of Landscape Architecture hhohmann@iastate.edu | 515.294.8938
Rogers, Carl A Associate Professor of Dept of Landscape Architecture rogersc@iastate.edu | 515.294.2197
Orff Horodniceanu, Katherine Assistant Professor of GSAPP | Founder and Design Director of SCAPE ko2111@columbia.edu | 212.854.3414
Mehta, Geeta Adjunct Assistant Professor of GSAPP gm2368@columbia.edu | 212.854.3414
NJ
BACK TO THE RIVER South Omaha Brown ield and Flooding Area Recovery ALL GRAPHICS ARE THE WORK OF NIJIA JI UNLESS NOTED IN GRAPHIC CAPTION
bird’s eye view of south omaha under
NEBR NEB
OMAHA
SOUTH OMAHA
with the great geo-location, out site is close to several transportationhubs,andstate parks. The city zoo is also locatedjustbesidethesite. The site should has great develoing poteintial, but limited by lack of infrastructure and sethetime,asthephotosabove showed, the site is almost empty.
size of factories and industrial land keeps people away from the river.
siz
Most part of commericial area in South Omaha are away from the river.
Mo
RESIDUAL SPACE REDSIDUAL
STRUCTURAL
SPACE, ‘JUNKSPACE’ ANTI-SPACE OR BORDER VACCUMS ARE PREVA-
LENT IN OUR CURRENT URBAN FABRIC.
THE 20TH
CENTURY DESIGN METHODS
DEALT WITH THEM AS AN INEVITABLILITY BUT WITH OUR BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC SYSTEMS, AND THE NEED FOR URBAN RENEWAL, CITIES ARE FINDING THESE LEFT OVER SPACES AS A SOLUTION TO MANY PROBLEMS THAT AFFECT OUR URBAN/GLOBAL COMMUNITIES.
TRANSPORTATION INFILL THE PORTLAND
STREETCAR
SYSTEM
PROVIDES
A
PORTLAND, NORTHWEST, LLOYD, CENTRAL EASTSIDE AND SOUTH WATER FRONT. THE STREETCAR SYSTEM WORKS WITH BUS, LIGHT RAIL, AND AERIAL TRAM AS A LARGE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OF THE CITY. THE SYSTEM STREETCAR LOOP TO CONNECT DOWNTOWN
GIVES
DEVELOPMENT
POTENTIAL
TO
BUILD
ACE L SP UA D I S RE
OPEN
SPACES, PARKS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, AND IT ALSO PRO-
L IL NF
NEW STRUCTURES
TRA NS PO RT AT IO N
I
VIDES THE OPPORTUNITY FOR LANDSCAPE URBANISM.
CHANNELIZ ATIO NO F
NEW STRUCTURES NEW STRUCTURES ARE INNOVATIVE WAYS TO TRANSFORM OUR IDEA OF A BRIDGE OR STRUCTURE INTO SOMETHING COMPLETELY DIFFER-
NETHERLANDS IS A WIDE
CONCRETE
STRUCTURE
SURROUNDS
THE
ALL-WOODEN
BRIDGE TO SUPPORT PRESSURE-EXERTED FORM THE RIVER ON EACH
STE WA
SIDE.
CULTURAL WASTE WASTE IS VIEWED BY MOST PEOPLE AS SMELLY, DIRTY, AND UNUSABLE BY THE CONSUMER, BUT IN TODAY’S WORLD WE NEED TO BE THINKING OF NEW AND CREATIVE WAS TO RE-USE THE NON-ORGANIC WASTE WE USE. NEW BIOFUELS ARE BEING DEVEL-
M IS N A
FORCED
A DESIGNED STEEL REIN-
OPED AND PLASTIC WASTE IS ALSO BEING MANUFACTURED INTO A MORE SOLID, CONCRETE LIKE FORM, WHICH CAN BE USED FOR STRUCTURES SUCH AS ROADS AND BUILDINGS.
E URBANISM DSCAP LAN
IN
UR B
THE MOSES BRIDGE
BRIDGE BUILT BELOW THE WATER LEVEL.
AGR ICU L TU RA L
ENT.
AGRICULTURAL URBANISM OFFERS A STRATEGY FOR SOUND URBAN GROWTH AND RETROFIT THAT CAN SUPPORT A HIGHLY PRODUCTUVE, ULTRA-EFFICIENT AGRI-FOOD SYSTEM TO CONTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANTLY TO FEEDING THE PEOPLE OF A CITY, REDUCING THEIR ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AND ACHIECING URBAN SUSTAINABILITY.
RECEDENT NETWORK STUDY GROUP MEMBERS: AARON RANEY, JASON ZEMAN, NIJIA JI, YUE ZHAO PRECEDENT STUDIES ALLOW US TO ANALYSE REASEARCH AND PROJECTS TO DISCOVER NEW POSSIBILITIES IN THE LANDSCAPE. EACH TEAM MEMBER DID THEIR INDIVIDUAL PRECEDENT RESEARCH AND BECAME AN EXPERT IN THEIR CATEGORY. THE CATERGORIES WERE DECIDED BY OUR TEAM PRIOR TO THE STUDY. FROM THIS POINT, OUR PRECEDENT TEAM BROKE DOWN EACH CATEGORY INTO ITS ESSENCE AND BEGAN TO MAKE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE CATEGORIES. THE NETWORK THAT IS CREATED STARTS TO UNVIEL NEW IDEAS ABOUT MISSING COMPENENTS IN A LANDSCAPE.
OUR HOPE IS TO APPPLY OUR MATRIX TO OMAHA AND COUNCIL BLUFFS IN ORDER TO SEE AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT AND INNOVATION.
LANDSCAPE URBANISM LANDSCAPE URBANISM
POSITS A PROCESS OF CITY DEVELOP-
MENT THAT PLACES LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AS THE FORMATIVE STEP IN URBAN DESIGN RATHER THAN THE LAST. SCAPE
URBANISM
ARCHITECTURE’S
WALDHEIM
AND
EXPANDS
INQUIRY
THE
AND
JAMES CORNER
SCOPE
OF
INTERVENTION.
LAND-
LANDSCAPE
CHARLES
HAVE HELPED MAKE LAND-
SCAPE URBANISM BECOME ACCEPTED AND PRACTICED IN CITY PROPOSALS.
CURRENT
LANDSCAPE URBANISM PROJECTS USE
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE TO BUILD A FRAMEWORK, AND FOCUS ON IMPROVING LIVING QUALITY.
CHANNELIZATION OF RIVER AFTER THE CHANNELIZATION OF THE MISSOURI RIVER, MANY ECOLOGICAL HABITATS WERE LOST AND THE RIVER FLOODED MORE EASILY. PROJECTS SUCH AS
SHENYANG ARCH. SCHOOL
IN
SHENGYANG, CHINA
BISHAN ANG MO KIO PARK SINGAPORE HAVE REVERSED THIS TREND, AND ELIMINATED
THE CHANNELIZATION, WHICH HANDLES FLOODWATERS IN ITS
SHENYANG CITY
OPEN SPACE. THE PARK ALSO IMPROVES THE WATER QUALITY
IN
NORTH CHINA
COMMISSIONED THE DESIGNER
TO CREATE A NEW SUBURBAN CAMPUS FOR
BY USING BIO-FILTRATION THROUGH PLANT LIFE.
TURAL
UNIVERSITY. THE
SHENYANG ARCHITEC-
CONCEPT OF THIS DESIGN SEEKS TO USE
RICE, NATIVE PLANTS AND CROPS TO KEEP THE LANDSCAPE PRODUCTIVE WHILE ALSO FULFILLING ITS NEW ROLE AS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR LEARNING.V
FR IV ER
WATER QUALITY THE UNITED STATES
HAS BEEN DEVELOPING WAYS TO CLEAN OUR
CLEAN WATER ACT OF 1972 AND THE WATER QUALITY ACT OF 1987. TO IMPROVE THESE EFFORTS, ORGANIZATIONS HAVE DEVELOPED PROWATER BY PASSING NATION WIDE LEGISLATURE SUCH AS THE
W
ER AT
GRAMS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF WATER BY USING INFILTRATION
IN ADDITION, THE MISRIVER WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT USES THE WASTE PULLED FROM THE WATER AND CONVERTS IT INTO ENERGY.
Y IT AL QU
BASINS OR PLANTING URBAN VEGETATION. SOURI
MODELING ODING FLO
LAFAYETTE GREENS DETROIT, MI THIS
COMMUNITY GARDEN FILLS A PARCEL OF CITY LAND LEFT
2010 DEMOLITION OF THE HISTORIC LAFAYBUILDING. THE LOSS OF THE LAFAYETTE BUILDING LEFT THE
VACANT AFTER THE ETTE
FLOODING RESILIENCY THE
CITY LOOKING TO FUTURE DEVELOPMENT AND CITY INHABITANTS
RISE IN SEA LEVEL, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND URBANIZA-
TION HAVE INCREASED THE FREQUENCY AND STRENGTH OF TODAY’S FLOODS.
IN
ORDER TO CHANGE THIS TREND, WE
NEED TO RELY ON THE NATURAL PROCESSES TO CONTROL THE FLOODING.
THIS
UNHAPPY WITH A DEPRESSING EMPTY LOT.
LAFAYETTE GREENS
THE
PROGRAM FOR
EVOLVED TO INCLUDE THE USE OF SUSTAIN-
ABLE MATERIALS AND PRACTICES WHEREVER POSSIBLE, SPACES FOR PUBLIC USE AND ENJOYMENT, FUTURE AND ONGOING PUBLIC ART PROJECTS AND A FUN EDUCATIONAL
CAN INCLUDE THE TRANSFORMATION OF
UNUSED SPACE INTO WETLANDS, RESIDUAL SPACE INTO BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, OR TURNING TRANSPORTATION CHANNELS INTO WATER CHANNELS.
WHEN
DEALING WITH
NAT U R AL PR O CE SS
FLOODING, MIMICKING NATURAL PROCESSES AS BEST WE CAN WILL BE THE BEST WAY TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGE.
+ D
THE HOFBOGEN ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
NATURAL PROCESS + DEVELOPMENT THE MISSOURI RIVER BASIN PROJECT WAS AUTHORIZED BY THE FLOOD CONTROL ACT OF 1944 AND WAS MEANT TO CONSERVE, CONTROL, AND INCREASE USE OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE MISSOURI RIVER BASIN. THEY INTENDED FOR THE PROJECT TO BETTER CONTROL FLOODS, CREATE GREATER TRANSPORTATION, GENERATE POWER, PRESERVE AND ENHA NCE FISH AND WILDLIFE HABITAT, AND REDUCE STREAM POLLUTION. IN REALITY, THE PROJECT DID THE EXACT OPPOSITE. SINCE CONSTRUCTION, THE WATER QUALITY HAS GONE DOWN, FISH AND WILDLIFE HABITATS ARE BEING LOST, AND IT HAS INCREASED THE FREQUENCY AND STRENGTH OF FLOODING.
THE HOFBOGEN
PROJECT IN
ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS A
RENOVATION PROJECT ON AN OLD ELEVATED TRAIN TRACK.
IS A COM-
MERCIAL STRIP AND ELEVATED PARK ARE INCORPORATED WITHIN THE OLD ARCHED STRUCTURE BUILT IN
1907. THE DESIGN PROROTTERDAM AIRPORT
VIDES CITY HEATING BY CONNECTING THE
AND DEVELOPMENTS AROUND THE CITY USING INDUSTRIAL WASTE HEAT. THIS STRATEGY CAN RADICALLY REDUCE
CO2 FOOTPRINTS IN
EXISTING URBAN FABRICS.
WATER
TRINITY RIVER CORRIDOR PROJECT DALLAS, TX THE TRINITY RIVER CORRIDOR
DESIGN PROJECT WILL ESTABLISH THE
CHARACTER AND MEASURE OF SUSTAINABILITY FOR THE LARGEST GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE
UNITED STATES. THE
PROJECT IS A
9-MILE
URBAN PARK, FLOODWAY AND TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROJECT.
THE SITE IS A VAST FLOOD PLAIN IN WHICH 80 PERCENT IS RESERVED FOR LOW-MAINTENANCE LANDSCAPE THAT CAN NATURALLY WITHSTAND FLOOD EVENTS SUCH AS PRAIRIE GRASSES, WETLANDS, AND RECREATIONAL LAKES.
NT ME OP EL EV
OVERFLO W
RIV ER
S LD
AG R I C UL T
L NA I RM TE
DEPOSIT S
BARRIER
AL CAN
BRO WN FIE
ITAT HAB
M NIS BA UR AL UR
EDUCA TIO N
OPPORTUNITIES
the diagram trying to identify the development opportunities based on site existing condition. haveier solid line represents larger opportunity.
on the site
The site is as a barrier to the city to missouri river, be-
have chances to be used as advantages.
HOW to get people back to the river
creating wetland system along the river, increasing water storage ability to release the rebuild riverfront system as not only wetland, but also educational, recreational destination to attract people back to the river.
CONCEPT people get away from the river
create natrual wetland on the existing state park on the iowa site, actually extend the width of the river, increase water storage ability of the natrual wetland could be new recreation place for both sides of people. -
before
after
natural wetland
artifical terrace wetland
riverfront wetland system
Terrace Plaza
Urban Experimental Farmland
Terrace and Wetland
Artificial Terrace Landscape Elevated Boardwalk + Water Plaza + Urban Experimental Farmland The artificial terrace landscape is build on South Omaha riverfront brown field. The terrace structure of the landscape provides several “buffers� from Missouri River to South Omaha. The elevated boardwalk gives access close to the Missouri River, and connected existing bike trail. Water Plaza storage rainwater underground, and will provide water landscape with the stored rainwater. Urban experimental farmland is on the next terrace, and the land one is the turf plaza.
Riverfront Boardwalk
What wetland does to the aquatic environment? Biological - De-nitrification - Uptake - Conversion Chemical - Oxidation - Precinitation - Dissolution
A wetland is a land area that is saturated with water, either per monthly or seasonally, such that is takes on the characteristics of a distinct ecosystem. Primarily, the factor that distinguishes wetlands from other land forms or water bodies are the characteristic vegetation that is adapted to its unique soil conditions: wetlands consist primarily of hydric soil, which supports aquatic plants.
Natural Terrace Landscape Elevated Boardwalk + Wetland Habitat Natural Terrace landscape and the wetland located on the south and north side of the site, to connect Laurize Gardens and Mandan Park. The landforms on the Riverside Park was been re-grading to wetland landforms. The wetland could help recovery post flooding habitat of Omaha, and enhance the storage volume of Missouri River. The wetland also provide a new recreational landscape for both Omaha and Iowa folks.
-
The terraces will used as urban argriculture land, combine with school curriculum and city urban farming programs, it will become a place for education and recreation.
natrual wetland create natrual wetland on the existing state park on the iowa site, actually extend the width of the river, increase water storage ability of the natrual wetland could be new recreation place for both sides of people.
REBUILDING THE BOWL POST-SANDY RESILIENT DESIGN, STATEN ISLAND TEAM MEMBER: WAGDY MOUSSA, NINOSHKA RACHEL HENRIQUES, NIJIA JI, YE ZHANG GROUP LEADERS: NIJIA JI, WAGDY MOUSSA IN CHARGE OF GIS RESEARCH, DESIGN CONCEPT, DESIGN DEVELOPMENT(LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE PART), AND GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION
WHY SANDY CAUSED SERIOUS DAMAGES ALONG NEW YORK COAST AREA? Sandy was the irst big storm in generations to hit the densely populated New York City area so hard. And the damage total is so high — $65 billion, according to a NOAA report. The diagram is used to igure out why sandy caused waving damage and looding in such a large area. The wave caused by sandy was more gentle in large open sea area, but concentrate in the bay area, and became stronger. Staten Island east coast directly face to the wave. During Sandy, major damages were caused by wave and looding.
BOWL AREA EXISTING CONDITION DEATH MAP DURING SANDY ON EAST COAST during Sandy, most death happened along east coast, and especially in the lower area, we called “bowl area”. The topography of this area is like a bowl, so the looding could came in, but hard to got out, which caused serious looding issue there. Most people dead there are kids and seniors, who move slower than other people.
74
62
STREAM OVERFLOW
CHANGE IN ELEVATION OVERFLOW
BOTTOM OF THE BOWL CONDITION
WATER FAILED TO RECEED
FORCEFUL W OVERCAME T
future bluebelt exsiting bluebelt BOWL AREA
New Creek Watershed stormwater concetrate bowl area barrier between bowal area and beach
2050
2020
2013
Fire Vulnerbility
Flooding Lines
PUBLIC SPACE
COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR
SCATTERED RETAIL
Landuse structure
Accessibility
DESIGN CONCEPT | WAVE PROTECTION STRUCTURE
ORIGINAL DAM STRUCTURE
DURING NORMAL FLOODING single dam structure could protect waterfront area from wave impact and looding
DURING NORMAL FLOODING multi-dam structure could also protect waterfront area from wave impact and looding
DURING SUPER FLOODING (SANDY) once the single dam structure be damaged by wave or looding, the water would direct impact waterfront and have no way out in a short time.
DURING SUPER FLOODING (SANDY) once the irst dams structure be damaged by wave or looding, the second or third structure still could protect waterfront. and looding water get its way out during short time.
TESTING WAVE PROTECTION STRUCTURE | ROCKWAY WORKSHOP
0 MINS TEST START SEPARATE DAM TO SEVERAL PIECES EXPECT THE STRUCTURE COULD DISPERSE AND IMPAIR THE POWER OF WAVES SUPPOSE TO CREATE PATHS AND SPACE FOR WATER TO RETURN BACK
15 MINS MIDDLE POINT OF TEST
30 MINS TEST END - WINNING TEAM FIRST DAMS HAD BEEN FLASH AWAY, OTHERS REMAINED PROVED THE STRUCTURE COULD DISPERSE AND IMPAIR THE POWER OF WAVES CREATE PATHS AND SPACE FOR WATER TO RETURN BACK
BOWL A REA
H YDROLOGY
BOWL A REA ECO -SYSTEM
PROPOSE EXTENDED H YDROLOGY
W
ETLAND
SYSTEM
RESTORE
STORMWATER STORAGE I NCREASING
SIZE AND AMOUNT OF THE PONDS
RESHAPED
LARGER OPEN SPACE ALONG THE BEACH INTIMATE SPACE FOR LOCAL COMMUNITY
RECREATION
PROPOSE BOWL A REA ECO -SYSTEM D IFFERENCE
PROGRAMS ON I SLANDS
PROGRAM
one bedroom two bedroom / duplex three bedroom
Commercial Institutions Residential Offices/Services Leisure
26 new blocks (1000 Housing Units) 30- 45 housing units/ block
Doctors office dentist veterinarian Laundry car workshops
gym restaurant cafe library gift stores bars
Retail stores supermarkets pet store jewelry stores
preschool Elementary school High school art school day care
Redirecting wind/ Scaling to community/ Views
Breaking the Rigid Skyline
Public Way
institutions 1 preschool
commercial units 200 units for 1000 housing units
Edges
Residential
Public/ Service
DESIGN OVERVIEW| SOFT EDGE PROTECTION
SOFT EDGE PROVIDE RELIEF AREAS FOR NATURAL DISASTER in decade years, increasing unpredictable disaster kept challenging our urban life and infrastructure. Build a wall between nature and human will be not work in long term perspective, because we can never predict the size of next “Sandy”. instead, build more “soft edge” like terrace waterfront and wetland, to provide a more eco-friendly, sustainable, and resilient future for both urban and nature. we can not stop next super disaster, but we can work on live with it, take it as an advantage, a chance and an opportunity.
this model was re-builded and re-rendered by Nijia Ji
Existing
Wetland System
Wetland System
Deepwater Habit at
etland System y em Wetland
Wetland Island
Boardwalk
Elevated Parking
uti-family/Mix used Muti-family/Mixed
Bus Stop
Elevated Parking
Watching Deck
Inflow/Outflow
Wetland Island
Boardwalk
Deep water Habitate
SECTION I
Exsiting Community
SEC TION II
Existing
Boardwalk
Wetland Island with Programs
Wetland Watch Wood Deck
Parking Lot
Oceanview AVE
FDR Boardwalk
15 ft Terrace
S E C T IO N III
SECTION IIII
SOCIAL CAPITAL(ize) DESIGNING HEALTHY CITIES AND DEFINING REGIONS TEAM MEMBER: TYLER CUKAR, OLIVIA GIBBESON, YU-HSUAN LIN, NIJIA JI, MARCO SOSA
IN CHARGE OF GIS RESEARCH, DESIGN CONCEPT(EAST HARLEM), DESIGN DEVELOPMENT(LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE PART), AND GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION
HOW CAN BUILDING BETTER SOCIAL CAPITAL BUILD HEALTHIER CITIES? Social Capital is critical to the physical, mental and economic health of a community. The networks and interactions between people add value (capital) to place, adding strength, equity and resources. Working collectively allows cities to achieve greater goals, goals that could not be achieved individually. Social Capital is a
scalar network that has multiple stages: bonds, bridges and links. These stages are where East Harlem and New Rochelle diverge from each other and set up unique situations within the region. East Harlem stands at a more “complete” stage of Social Capital. East Harlem has strong bonds, good connections between groups but a potentially vulnerable set of links to the “greater sphere” of the city. In East Harlem barriers, both physical like metro north or super blocks and mental like fully separated NYCHA blocks, are what are creating this
vulnerability. The focus is to break these East/West barriers, by establishing a connection from Central Park to Randall’s island, and design and develop urban program that encourages interaction and openness creating a shared idea of community between all groups. The physical connection East/West being in the form of a bike path, the program would alter based on existing conditions on site; these would vary from urban farms in the grow zone, interactive play space in the play zone and a gateway and public space above the FDR in the destination zone. New Rochelle inds itself at an earlier stage, still building bonds and failing to create bridges between groups. New Rochelle has distinct groups within the city and each has a strong contingent. The city has 3 colleges: Monroe College, College of New Rochelle and Iona, as well as a burgeoning art scene. The key is to develop intra relationships within these groups and create an inter relationship between these groups, thus creating a symbiotic relationship both physical in the urban core and economically and culturally out into the extents of the city. This connection comes in the form of a collaborative Art campus expansion within the downtown which works directly with the artists and their fabrication space. These two cores would serve as tightened anchor points to the downtown and be linked through a series of lane ways establishing a physical link between the nodes. This new inter-relationship would act as an attractor for students from the other schools, the general public of New Rochelle, and allow the city to standout within the region.
WHAT IS SOCIAL CAPITAL?
BOND
BRIDGE
LINK
INTEREST GROUP
INTEREST GROUP
INDIVIDUAL GROUP
INDIVIDUAL INTEREST
GREATERINTEREST GREATER INDIVIDUAL INTEREST
INDIVIDUAL INTEREST
INDIVIDUAL GROUP
SHARED INTEREST
LEG OL
E
C
stages of social capital
Culture/Art Ethnicity
COLL
LEG OL
E
C
T
EGE
T IS AR
Pedestiran/Human
E
ERLY LD
College(s) Population Natural Geography
Poor Health Social/Culture
Ownership Landuse/Value
Individual Thought Individual Interest Lesser Return
Alliance + Interaction Shared Interest Greater Return
Access-Food/healthcare Income Level
W ev
Yonkers Sprouting singular space with investment from various groups
Get Fresh Yonkers
Citizen Farmer
NY State Department Environmental Conservation Yonkers Community Development Agency
Yonkers Downtown Waterfront BID
Groundwork Hudson Valley Van der Donck Park
Wholefoods
City of Yonkers
SFC Develop Blue Door Arts Center Yonkers Riverfront Library
Arts Westchester
Yonkers Public Schools
Westhab
Sarah Lawrence College
Elm Street Garden
New Haven Cyclical
focused around a single entity
Community Foundation for New Haven
City of New Haven
Wednesday vening clinic
Yale homebuyers program
CARE
pment
New Haven free clinic
New Haven Chamber of Commerce
New Haven works
Unions at Yale Yale university properties
Jerome N. Frank legal services
New Haven Economic Development Corporation
Yale university
elmseed enterprise fund
urban resource initiatvie
market New Haven music in schools program Yale reading corps New Haven public schools New Haven reads book bank
New Haven Promise
SPATIAL PATTERNS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL New Rochelle: disconnected groups
BARRIERS Income EDUCATION college of New Rochelle Iona college Monroe college
LATENT OPPORTUNTIES art program open space
East Harlem: bounded groups
110th st.
BARRIERS super Blocks housing Blocks
103rd st.
income/Ownership EDUCATION primary/secondary schools LATENT OPPORTUNTIES buildings open space
96th
INTEGRATING THE CORE THROUGH CAMPUS INSERTION Mixed Use Student Housing
Existing Housing
Main Building
Drawing/Painting
Classrooms
Auditorium/Lecture Hall
Print/Press
Library
Commercial Photography New Elementary School
Cafe
POTENTIAL STAKEHOLDERS
Art Supply Clay/Pottery
MONROE
IONA
people $ increase curriculum
$
$
exposure
artist group
$ instructor exposure job
school of arts
$ $ $
city of New Rochelle
$ skill/entertainment public
College of New Rocheelle
PROPOSED PROGRAM + PHASING
mixed use
metals studio glass blowing large production studio wood
student housing print/press clay/pottery art supply cafe photography
commercial
laneway main building drawing library
mixed use+gallery artist live/work studio
main gallery mixed use
commercial elementary school
POTENTIAL SOCIAL CAPITAL: REINFORCED BONDS + NEW BRIDGES IONA College
College of New Rochelle
NEW ROCHELLE
AN INTRA/INTER CORE
BREAKING THROUGH BARRIERS WITH PROGRAM AND SPATIAL GUIDELINES NYCHA Infill Zoning: Market Rate housing up to 300’ high Ground floor must have revenue based program Commercial Space Anchor Restaurant Zoning: Must be glazed facing the path and have exterior program
Teaching/Performance Space
Urban Farming Crop placement based off sun exposure + spatial articulation High Intenstiy-Nearest Nycha Medium Intensity-North of Bike Path Low Intgenstiy-Nearest Infill Towers Fresh Food Grocer Zoning: Must be atleast 1 grocerry store within all NYCHA blocks with infill tower
Commercial/Food Service
Community space/Auditorium
POTENTIAL STAKEHOLDERS NYCHA
people
people land/space
land/space people land/space
increase program
point of distribution food
Cultivate East Harlem
people
East River Hill
people physical health
City Museum of NY
skills/knowledge
$
exposure training
$ tax incentive
Active! East Harlem
facilities increasing housing exposure
people Department Of Education
maintenance
people
facilities
Harlem RBI facilities
Private Developer
people NYC Parks & Recreation
Private Developer Grow NYC
$ tax incentive
Harlem Children’s Zone
rain garden education farm
mixed use
infill tower//restaurant infill tower//fresh food grocery store
infill tower//community space
public stage community farm cafe/bar
community farm
public square+vendor station mixed use community farm headquarter
infill tower//grocery
community green urban playground affordable housing dream charter school
affordable housing expansion
commercial mixed use
bike lane
public plaza infill tower//restaurant infill tower//grocery east river hill
POTENTIAL SOCIAL CAPITAL: REINFORCED BONDS + NEW BRIDGES
PROPOSED PROGRAM + PHASING
EAST HARLEM
A NEW TYPOLOGY OF CROSSTOWN CONNECTION
GENERATIVE POOLING URBAN RE-DESIFICATION TEAM MEMBER: NIJIA JI, JIHAN LEW, JASON GUO, YU ZHANG GROUP LEADERS: NIJIA JI, YU ZHANG IN CHARGE OF GIS RESEARCH, DESIGN CONCEPT, DESIGN DEVELOPMENT(LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE PART), AND GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION
Auji Cooperative Transformation Turning risks into resources
Manyatta, with limited economic presence and lacking proper waste collection infrastructure, currently faces a sanitation problem and increased flooding risk, as well as regional ecological impact due to waste disposal in the Auji Channel. [Auji Cooperative Transformation] proposes a progressive development of Manyatta starting with a community-driven waste disposal system along the Auji River in the form of bio-community centers that reward residents for proper waste composting. The community’s effort in cleaning the water of Auji River enables a large-scale wetland system near Nyalenda junction that alleviates flood risk, while creating an economic anchor centered on fish farming. The project ultimately aims to improve economic condition within the community as well as to bond Manyatta to the city of Kisumu.
$ $
KISUMU BYPASS
CONOM 3. E
4. SOCI
AL
COMMUNITY EDUCATION + PUBLIC SPACE + EXHIBITION
BUSINESS FISH MARKET + RESTAURANT
1. SAN IT
ION AT
COMMUNITY BIO CENTERS WASTE COLLECTION + INCOME GENERATION + COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
$
te d oved was isposal alo n g Impr A uji R i v er
$
$
M
Y COLOG 2. E Y
FISH CAGE INCOME GENERATION
CONSTRUCTED WETLAND WATER FILTRATION + FLOOD PREVENTION + RECREATION
Strategic Phasing With Stakeholders And B
World Bank
SoCC Social Capital Credit
Kisumu Polytechnic
ecolo gy
sanit a n tio
1
3 years
remove waste
2
2 years
treat water
Beneficiaries Manyatta Youth Resource Center
UN-Habitat
Nakumatt
SoCC Ministry of Fisheries
Social Capital Credit
econo my
recrea t ion
3
1 year
generate business
bond Manyatta to Kisumu
4
2 years
ACT 2: Treat Water Purifying Water and Alleviating Flood Risks
Exsiting Drainage Inflow 33m3/s Outflow 30m3/s
Storage needed 2484
> 91 m
Flood water storage > 21,622 m3
Hydrology & Landform Phasing
outflow
long section
short section Original landform
about 2% Bowl condition
Bypass
outflow Cut and fill
Liftup for mash dams Slow down and filter flooding water
Create storage for flood water Create land base for buildings
Rainfall (in.)
40m3/3 hours
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Ecology
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JULY
AUG
SEPT
OCT
NOV
DEC
> 1.2m
> 198 m
forebay
marsh land
micro pool
Nairobi Road
inflow
Storm water management: A situational analysis of Manyatta Informal Settlement in Kisumu City, Kenya
Constructed Wetland and Fish Market Non-flooding Season: Water Purification | Fish Cage | Market |
Flooding Season: Storm Water Relieve Pool
Restaurant |Recreation
ACT 3: Generate Businesses Creating An Economic Anchor
rism u o ot c e
Ma rine
Dr.
Manyatta
Manyatta site
Site analysis Potential of fish industry
Retail: 12% Jun_monthly fish capture and export 300
restaurants
280
Retail could sale more about 30~60 KSH per kg
Omena
Clarias
nile perch
tilapia
100
n ctio attra
Capture: 79,237 kg
Wholesale Price vs. Retail Price
About 60% of Western Kenyan households depend on fish as a source of food or income
fish cage 1m 1m
Water level
Floats tied to 4 corners 10cm from the top
Suspended nursery section made of fine mesh
small size fish could escape through torn net
markets
pro du ctio n
museum
hotel
utility + storages
1 Cage could holds up to 600 fish
supply
http://www.farmafrica.org/us/what-we-do/fisheries
Fish Market, Wetland and Restaurant Clus Economic & Recreational Activities
Cut & Fill Fishery Yield
Fishery Revenue
300 Units Yield: 1000kg/day
~ $400,000 ksh/pond/year
Market Jobs
Market Earnings
280 Stalls
40% Increase from Average Income
Excess Clay used for Building Construction
ster
Restaurant 80 seating space
Public Recreation
Community Space | Jogging| Basketball
Tom Opiyo’s Daily Routine in Manyatta From Social Capital Credits to Monetary Income
= 1 identical acc
* 3723
* 19
*5
*1
8:00 am selling fish at market 12:00 pm eating lunch at market 17:00 pm cleaning booth
Waste truck picks up organic waste twice a week, and recycled waste once a week
Free shuttle bus runs every 20 mins at peak hours* and every hour at non-peak hours *peak hour: 6:30 - 8:30 am
= 1 MCI card
count
City of Kisumu
This card is issued by MCI
Manyatta Credit Indentification
Authorized Signature
ID: 000 123 456 Last Name First Name Area: Manyatta A Address: BOD: 08/12/2000 Sex: F HT:
Personal ID www. abcde.com www. abcde.com
Issued:
Expires:
Not valid unless signed
7:00 am walking to dump waste
20:00 pm shower at community center
7:30 am shuttle to fish center
18:30 pm shuttle bus to community center
19:00 pm attending workshop
Future with ACT program The community’s effort in waste removal enables a large-scale wetland system that further benefits local and regional ecology, while creating an economic anchor centered on fish farming that takes advantage of the cleaner water system, aimed at ultimately improving economic condition within the community as well as bonding Manyatta to the city of Kisumu. Lake Victoria
Kisumu Internation (50 mins to Nairob
$ Kenya Wildlife Impala Park
Auji Discharge
$
Dunga Beach
$
$
Oxidation
nal Airport bi)
$
partnership
Nairobi Road (5hrs to Nairobi)
Kisumu Bypass (4.5 hrs to Kampala, Uganda
Nakumatt Stadium
$ $ $ $
$ $
$ $
Manyatta A
$
n Pool
Manyatta B
POLE VAULT FABRICATION TEAM MEMBER: Xiaoxi Chen, Jim Stoddart, Lucas Lind, Athina Zefeiropoulou, Benjamin Hochberg, Nijia Ji, Sareeta Patel, Isabelle Kirkham-Lewitt, Madhini Prathaban, Yasmina Khan IN CHARGE OF DESIGN CONCEPT, FABRICATION AND ASSEMBLING
THE STORY “This will kill that!” Claude Frollo famously laments in Victor Hugo’s The Hunchback of Notre Dame. “This” is the printing press, “that” is the Gothic cathedral. A century and a half later, the question is no longer about the book and the building. The machine has evolved. The Gothic had returned. This time, the Gothic is no longer a static and unvaried object built in stone, but an ininitely variable space plastic in nature. It speaks even more - no longer about the divine, but about the material logics of structure. Instead of fearing change - change that now, like in the Victorian age, was ushered in by technology - we embrace the computational machine. For Frollo, the Gothic embodied the clash between old and new: the old struggling with its own obsolescence. For us, the old simply becomes new again: the familiar slightly unfamiliar.
55” 55” 55” canopy 25”
25” 25” cnc plasma-cut joint
arms
base
*For bench prototype: make an alternative 3” base for Tree 2 with 24” height
c c
b a
b
b
c
b
c b
a
a
a
a
c
b
c a
2*
1 TOP 1/2” VERT
TOP
54”
a 64” b 93”
1/2” VERT
3 TOP
54”
a 57” b 76”
1/2” VERT
4 TOP
54”
a 58” b 91”
1/2” VERT
5 TOP
24 1/2”
a 67” b 85”
1/2” VERT
6 TOP
24 1/2”
a 59” b 76”
1/2” VERT
24 1/2”
a 53” b 67”
c
86”
c
92”
c
72”
c
77”
c
68”
c
60”
1” VERT
54”
1” VERT
45”
1” VERT
45”
1” VERT
24”
1” VERT
24”
1” VERT
24”
3” 24” BASE
3” 12” BASE
3” 12” BASE
3” 6” BASE
3” 6” BASE
3” 6” BASE
WORKING PROCESS APRIL 1st - MAY 17TH
INSTALLATION ON SITE PHOTOS MAY 17TH, 2014 END OF YEAR SHOW, GSAPP
PORTFOLIO 2013-2014 NIJIA JI NJ2288@COLUMBIA.EDU WWW.NJLANDARCH.COM 515.708.3531