26 minute read
Chapter 07: Glandular Tissue
Fehrenbach: Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, 5th Edition
Multiple Choice
1. At which of the following bony junctions does the nasolacrimal duct begin?
a. Nasal and lacrimal bones b. Nasal and palatine bones c. Maxilla and nasal bone d. Maxilla and lacrimal bone
ANS: D
Feedback
A The nasal bones form the bridge of the nose and do NOT form part of the nasolacrimal duct.
B The nasal bones form the bridge of the nose, and the palatine bones are posterior to the lacrimal bones. Neither bone forms part of the nasolacrimal duct.
C The nasal bones do NOT form part of the nasolacrimal duct.
D The nasolacrimal duct begins at the junction of the maxilla and lacrimal bone.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 158 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy a. Sublingual gland b. Submandibular gland c. Parotid gland d. Lacrimal gland
2. Which of the following exocrine glands produces approximately 60% to 65% of the total volume of saliva for the oral cavity?
ANS: B
Feedback
A The sublingual salivary gland produces approximately 10% of the total volume of saliva and is an exocrine gland.
B The submandibular salivary gland produces approximately 60% to 65% of the total volume of saliva and is an exocrine gland.
C The parotid salivary gland produces approximately 25% of the total volume of saliva and is an exocrine gland.
D The lacrimal gland is NOT a salivary gland but is an exocrine gland.
DIF: Recall REF: pp. 160-161 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy a. Lacrimal gland b. Thyroid gland c. Parathyroid gland d. Thymus gland
3. Which of the following glands can be palpated as part of an extraoral examination by a clinician?
ANS: B
Feedback
A The lacrimal gland is located in the lacrimal fossa of the frontal bone, on the lateral portion of the supraorbital ridge inside the orbit. It CANNOT be palpated.
B The thyroid gland is palpated in the anterior neck region.
C The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface or inside the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. They CANNOT be palpated.
D The thymus gland is located in the thorax, deep to the sternum and to the sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles. It CANNOT be palpated.
DIF: Application REF: pp. 164-165 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, I. B. Preliminary Physical Examination |
CDA: General Chairside, II. C. Describe how to perform and/or assist with intraoral procedures
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 a. endocrine b. exocrine c. large d. small
4. Both the major and minor salivary glands are _______ glands.
ANS: B
Feedback
Head and Neck Anatomy
A All of the salivary glands are exocrine. They secrete saliva into the oral cavity through ducts or directly into the oral cavity. They do NOT secrete saliva into the vascular system like exocrine glands.
B All of the salivary glands are exocrine, so this answer is correct. They do NOT secrete saliva into the vascular system like exocrine glands.
C Major glands are large glands, and minor glands are small glands.
D Major glands are large glands, and minor glands are small glands.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 160 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Fifth cranial nerve b. Seventh cranial nerve c. Ninth cranial nerve d. Twelfth cranial nerve
5. Which of the following nerves innervates the minor salivary glands?
ANS: B
Feedback
A The fifth cranial nerve does NOT innervate the minor salivary glands. It innervates the parotid salivary gland.
B The seventh cranial nerve innervates the minor salivary glands.
C The ninth cranial nerve does NOT innervate the minor salivary glands. It innervates the parotid salivary gland.
D The twelfth cranial nerve does NOT innervate the minor salivary glands. It innervates the extrinsic tongue muscles.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 163 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Lacrimal gland b. Parathyroid gland c. Thyroid gland d. Thymus gland
6. Which of the following glands listed below is NOT an endocrine gland?
ANS: A
Feedback
A The lacrimal gland is an exocrine gland. It secretes tears through the fine tubules that allow the tears to lubricate the eye. After lubricating the eye, the tears empty into the nasolacrimal duct.
B The parathyroid glands are endocrine glands.
C The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland.
D The thymus gland is an endocrine gland.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 158 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Parotid gland b. Parathyroid gland c. Sublingual gland d. Submandibular gland
7. Which of the following glands can be palpated within the sublingual space in the floor of the mouth during an extraoral examination by a clinician?
ANS: C
Feedback
A The parotid salivary gland is located in the parotid fascial space, anterior and inferior to the ear and posterior to the mandibular ramus. It would NOT be palpated in the floor of the mouth.
B The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface or inside the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. They would NOT be palpated in the floor of the mouth.
C The sublingual salivary gland is located in the sublingual fossa in the anterior floor of the mouth and can be palpated within the sublingual space.
D The submandibular salivary gland is located more posterior along the submandibular fossa, in the submandibular space, inferior and posterior to the body of the mandible.
DIF: Application REF: p. 162 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, I. B. Preliminary Physical Examination |
CDA: General Chairside, II. C. Describe how to perform and/or assist with intraoral procedures
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 1.0 Assessing Patient Characteristics a. Parotid gland b. von Ebner glands c. Sublingual gland d. Submandibular gland
8. Which of the following glands wraps around the mylohyoid muscle?
ANS: D
Feedback
A The parotid salivary gland is NOT located in the floor of the mouth and does NOT wrap around the mylohyoid muscle.
B The minor salivary glands, von Ebner glands, are associated with the circumvallate papillae located on the dorsum of the tongue.
C The sublingual salivary gland is located anterior in the floor of the mouth and does NOT wrap around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle.
D The submandibular salivary gland has two lobes, and the smaller lobe wraps around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 161 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Submental nodes b. Submandibular nodes c. Superior deep cervical nodes d. Inferior deep cervical nodes
9. If there is an infection involving the submandibular salivary gland, what lymph nodes would be initially involved?
ANS: B
A The submental lymph nodes are NOT the primary nodes for the submandibular salivary gland.
B The submandibular lymph nodes are the primary nodes for the submandibular salivary gland.
C The superior deep cervical lymph nodes are NOT the primary nodes for the submandibular salivary gland.
D The inferior deep cervical lymph nodes are NOT the primary nodes for the submandibular salivary gland.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 162 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, II. C. Describe how to perform and/or assist with intraoral procedures | CDA: General Chairside, V. A. Oral Health Information
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy | NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 5.0 Pathology a. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. b. Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related. c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct. e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.
10. The lacrimal glands are considered exocrine glands because their secretion enters directly into the vascular system without the use of any ducts.
ANS: C
Feedback
A The reason is NOT correct, but the statement is correct. Secretions from the lacrimal glands do NOT enter into the vascular system but do use ducts, so they are considered exocrine glands.
B The lacrimal glands are considered exocrine glands, but their product (tears) is secreted onto the eye through ducts but does NOT enter directly into the vascular system, so the statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
C The reason is NOT correct, but the statement is correct. Secretions from the lacrimal glands do NOT enter into the vascular system but do use ducts, so they are considered exocrine glands.
D The reason is NOT correct, but the statement is correct. Secretions from the lacrimal glands do not enter into the vascular system but do use ducts, so they are considered exocrine glands.
E The reason is not correct, but the statement is correct. Secretions from the lacrimal glands do not enter into the vascular system but do use ducts, so they are considered exocrine glands.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 160 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Parotid and submandibular glands b. Sublingual and submandibular glands c. Parotid and von Ebner glands d. Sublingual and von Ebner glands
11. Which of the following glands secrete only a serous type of saliva?
ANS: C
Feedback
A The parotid salivary glands produce a serous type of saliva but the submandibular salivary glands produce a mixed type of saliva.
B The submandibular salivary glands produce a mixed type of saliva, and the sublingual salivary glands produce a mixed, mostly mucous type of saliva.
C Both von Ebner glands and the parotid salivary glands produce a serous type of saliva.
D Of the minor glands, von Ebner glands produce a serous type of saliva, but the sublingual salivary glands produce a mixed, mostly mucous type of saliva.
DIF: Recall REF: pp. 160, 163 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy a. Only mucous secretion b. Only serous secretion c. Mainly mucous secretion d. Mainly serous secretion
12. Which type of secretion is produced from MOST minor salivary glands within the oral cavity?
ANS: C
Feedback
A Most of the minor salivary glands produce a mainly mucous type of saliva.
B Most of the minor salivary glands produce a mainly mucous type of saliva.
C The minor salivary glands produce a mainly mucous type of saliva.
D The minor salivary glands produce a mainly mucous type of saliva.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 163 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy a. Superior deep cervical nodes b. Deep parotid nodes c. Superficial parotid nodes d. Submandibular nodes
13. Which of the following lymph nodes are initially involved when the patient has contracted mumps?
ANS: B
Feedback
A The superior deep cervical lymph nodes are NOT the primary nodes for the parotid salivary gland that becomes involved with mumps.
B The primary nodes for the parotid gland that becomes involved with mumps are the deep parotid lymph nodes.
C The superficial parotid lymph nodes are NOT the primary nodes for the parotid salivary gland that becomes involved with mumps.
D The submandibular lymph nodes are NOT the primary nodes for the parotid salivary gland that becomes involved with mumps.
DIF: Application REF: p. 161 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, V. A. Oral Health Information | CDA: General Chairside, VI. A. 4. Describe how to respond to and assist in the management of the signs and symptoms related to specific medical conditions/emergencies likely to occur in the dental office
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy | NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 5.0 Pathology | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 1.0 Assessing Patient Characteristics a. On the anterior surface of the thyroid gland b. Inferior to the hyoid bone, superficial and lateral to the trachea c. On or within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland d. In the parotid space, posterior to the mandibular ramus
14. What is the location for the parathyroid glands?
ANS: C
Feedback
A The parathyroid glands are NOT located on the anterior surface of the thyroid gland.
B The parathyroid glands are NOT located superficial and lateral to the trachea.
C The parathyroid glands are located on or within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland.
D The parathyroid glands are NOT located in the parotid space, posterior to the mandibular ramus.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 165 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Circumvallate papillae b. Filiform papillae c. Foliate papillae d. Fungiform papillae
15. Which of the following lingual papillae are DIRECTLY associated with salivary glands?
ANS: A
Feedback
A The minor salivary glands, von Ebner glands, are associated with the circumvallate papillae.
B The filiform papillae are NOT associated with any salivary gland.
C The foliate papillae are NOT associated with any salivary gland.
D The fungiform papillae are NOT associated with any salivary gland.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 163 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Lacrimal gland b. Parotid gland c. Sublingual gland d. Submandibular gland
16. Which of the following glands is associated with Wharton duct?
ANS: D
Feedback
A The lacrimal gland is associated with the nasolacrimal duct, NOT Wharton duct or the submandibular duct.
B The parotid salivary gland is associated with Stensen or the parotid duct.
C The sublingual salivary gland is associated with Bartholin or the sublingual duct.
D Wharton duct is another name for the submandibular duct, which is the duct of the submandibular salivary gland.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 161 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Cervical nerve b. Inferior alveolar nerve c. Lingual nerve d. Mental nerve
17. Which of the following nerves can be damaged during surgery on the submandibular salivary gland?
ANS: C
Feedback
A The cervical nerves are associated with the neck or deeper structures.
B The inferior alveolar nerve passes through the mandibular foramen on the mandibular ramus and runs within the mandibular canal. It is NOT in the vicinity of the submandibular salivary gland.
C The duct of the submandibular salivary gland, which begins in the deeper lobe, runs close to the lingual nerve, and there is the potential for damage to the lingual nerve during surgery in the area.
D The mental nerve is in the area of the chin and enters into the mandible through the mental foramen on the external surface of the mandible.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 162 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Chorda tympani nerve b. Greater petrosal nerve c. Seventh cranial nerve d. Ninth cranial nerve
18. Which of the following nerves when damaged can affect the production of the serous type of saliva?
ANS: D
Feedback
A The chorda tympani nerve innervates the sublingual salivary gland, which produces a mixed type of saliva but mostly a mucous type of saliva, and the submandibular salivary gland, which produces a mixed type of saliva, with NOT one type of saliva predominating.
B The greater petrosal nerve innervates the lacrimal gland, which is NOT a salivary gland.
C The seventh cranial nerve innervates the minor salivary glands, which produce a mostly mucous type of saliva.
D The ninth cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the parotid salivary gland, which produces only a serous type of saliva.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 160 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy
19. Which of the ducts when blocked is involved in the formation of a ranula in the posterior floor of the mouth?
a. Bartholin duct b. Nasolacrimal duct c. Stensen duct d. Wharton duct
ANS: D
Feedback
A The sublingual salivary gland is located more anterior than the submandibular salivary gland associated with Wharton duct. Bartholin duct is shorter and does NOT travel in the posterior floor of the mouth. A ranula associated with this duct would be located more anterior in the floor of the mouth.
B The nasolacrimal duct is NOT located within the oral cavity.
C The Stensen duct, also called the parotid duct, is NOT located in the floor of the oral cavity.
D Wharton duct, which is the duct for the submandibular salivary gland, runs from the posterior floor of the mouth anterior to the sublingual caruncle. Blockage of the duct may cause a ranula in the posterior floor of the mouth.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 161 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Lacrimal gland b. Parotid gland c. Sublingual gland d. Submandibular gland
20. Which of the following glands is associated with the pterygopalatine ganglion?
ANS: A
Feedback
A The preganglionic and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion as they provide innervation to the lacrimal gland.
B Nerves that innervate the parotid salivary gland are NOT associated with the pterygopalatine ganglion.
C Innervation of the sublingual salivary gland is NOT associated with the pterygopalatine ganglion.
D Innervation of the submandibular salivary gland is NOT associated with the pterygopalatine ganglion.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 159 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Inferior thyroid artery b. Sublingual artery c. Facial artery d. Lingual artery
21. Which of the following arteries can be associated with bleeding with trauma to the sublingual salivary glands?
ANS: B
Feedback
A The inferior thyroid artery does NOT provide blood supply to the sublingual salivary gland.
B The sublingual salivary glands are innervated by the sublingual (and submental) arteries.
C The facial artery does NOT provide blood supply to the sublingual salivary gland. The facial artery gives off the submental artery and then passes over the inferior border of the mandible and travels up the anterior surface of the face.
D The lingual artery does NOT provide direct blood supply to the sublingual salivary gland.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 159, Table 7-1
OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, VI. A. 1. Identify medical conditions that can cause medical emergencies in patients
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy | NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 5.0 Pathology | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 3.3 Individualized Patient Education a. Inferior and posterior to superior and anterior b. Inferior and medial to superior and lateral c. Lateral and anterior to medial and posterior d. Superior and lateral to inferior and medial
22. What is the relationship of the submandibular duct to the lingual nerve as it courses from posterior to anterior?
ANS: D
Feedback
A The lingual nerve in relationship to the submandibular duct is first superior and lateral and then inferior and medial.
B The lingual nerve in relationship to the submandibular duct is first superior and lateral and then inferior and medial.
C The lingual nerve in relationship to the submandibular duct is first superior and lateral and then inferior and medial.
D The lingual nerve in relationship to the submandibular duct is first superior and lateral and then inferior and medial.
DIF: Recall REF: pp. 161-162 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true; the second is false. d. The first statement is false; the second is true.
23. The smaller palpebral part lies close to the eye, along the inner surface of the eyelid; if the upper eyelid is everted, the palpebral part can be seen.
ANS: A
Feedback
A Both statements are true. The smaller palpebral part lies close to the eye, along the inner surface of the eyelid; if the upper eyelid is everted, the palpebral part can be seen.
B Both statements are true. The smaller palpebral part lies close to the eye, along the inner surface of the eyelid; if the upper eyelid is everted, the palpebral part can be seen.
C Both statements are true. The smaller palpebral part lies close to the eye, along the inner surface of the eyelid; if the upper eyelid is everted, the palpebral part can be seen.
D Both statements are true. The smaller palpebral part lies close to the eye, along the inner surface of the eyelid; if the upper eyelid is everted, the palpebral part can be seen.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 158 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. b. Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related. c. The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. d. The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct. e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.
24. From the nasolacrimal sac, the lacrimal fluid continues into the nasolacrimal duct, ultimately draining into the inferior nasal meatus. This connection explains why crying leads to extra saliva.
ANS: C
Feedback
A The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. From the nasolacrimal sac, the lacrimal fluid continues into the nasolacrimal duct, ultimately draining into the inferior nasal meatus. This connection explains why crying leads to a runny nose.
B The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. From the nasolacrimal sac, the lacrimal fluid continues into the nasolacrimal duct, ultimately draining into the inferior nasal meatus. This connection explains why crying leads to a runny nose.
C The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. From the nasolacrimal sac, the lacrimal fluid continues into the nasolacrimal duct, ultimately draining into the inferior nasal meatus. This connection explains why crying leads to a runny nose.
D The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. From the nasolacrimal sac, the lacrimal fluid continues into the nasolacrimal duct, ultimately draining into the inferior nasal meatus. This connection explains why crying leads to a runny nose.
E The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT. From the nasolacrimal sac, the lacrimal fluid continues into the nasolacrimal duct, ultimately draining into the inferior nasal meatus. This connection explains why crying leads to a runny nose.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 159 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy | NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 5.0 Pathology | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 1.0 Assessing Patient Characteristics a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true; the second is false. d. The first statement is false; the second is true.
25. In contrast to the usual moisture of the eye or even crying, there can be persistent dryness, scratching, and burning in the eyes of a patient. These are signs of xerostomia.
ANS: C
Feedback
A The first statement is true; the second is false. In contrast to the usual moisture of the eye or even crying, there can be persistent dryness, scratching, and burning in the eyes, which are signs of dry eye syndrome. Xerostomia is dry mouth.
B The first statement is true; the second is false. In contrast to the usual moisture of the eye or even crying, there can be persistent dryness, scratching, and burning in the eyes, which are signs of dry eye syndrome. Xerostomia is dry mouth.
C The first statement is true; the second is false. In contrast to the usual moisture of the eye or even crying, there can be persistent dryness, scratching, and burning in the eyes, which are signs of dry eye syndrome. Xerostomia is dry mouth.
D The first statement is true; the second is false. In contrast to the usual moisture of the eye or even crying, there can be persistent dryness, scratching, and burning in the eyes, which are signs of dry eye syndrome. Xerostomia is dry mouth.
DIF: Application REF: p. 163 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, V. A. Oral Health Information | CDA: General Chairside, VI. B. 1. Recognize the signs and symptoms related to specific dental conditions/emergencies likely to occur in the office
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy | NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 5.0 Pathology | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 1.0 Assessing Patient Characteristics a. Transient facial paralysis b. Glandular cancer c. Hyposalivation with xerostomia d. Mumps with parotitis e. Perineural invasion of facial nerve
26. A new patient comes in for an emergency examination due to constant unilateral facial pain after a five-year lapse in dental as well as medical appointments. The clinician also notes a change in the consistency of the parotid salivary gland to bony hard on that side of the face but no overall glandular enlargement. Which of the following may be the present status of this patient?
ANS: B
Feedback
A The parotid salivary gland can be pierced and the facial nerve temporarily traumatized when an inferior alveolar block is incorrectly administered causing transient facial paralysis, but this does NOT involve constant pain.
B The parotid salivary gland can be involved in cancer that can change the consistency of the gland to bony hard and may, in a lesser number of cases, cause unilateral facial pain on the involved side because the facial nerve or seventh cranial nerve travels through the gland; there then is perineural invasion due to the cancer.
C Certain medications, disease, or destruction of salivary tissue by radiation therapy may result in hyposalivation by the salivary glands, which is a reduced production of saliva. This can result in xerostomia or dry mouth, but NO pain or change in salivary consistency is usually present unless DIRECTLY after radiation therapy or with an immune disorder that would involve glandular enlargement.
D The parotid salivary gland also becomes enlarged and tender when a patient has mumps but NOT bony hard or constantly painful.
E This contagious viral infection usually involves bilateral inflammatory enlargement or parotitis.
DIF: Application REF: p. 161 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, V. A. Oral Health Information | CDA: General Chairside, VI. A. 1. Identify medical conditions that can cause medical emergencies in patients
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy | NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 5.0 Pathology | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 3.3 Individualized Patient Education
Multiple Response
1. From the following list of descriptions, select which descriptions could CORRECTLY be used to describe the lacrimal gland. (Select all that apply.)
a. Secretes a mucous fluid b. Innervated by parasympathetic fibers c. Drains into superficial parotid lymph nodes d. Lubricates the inside of the eyelids
ANS: B, C, D
Feedback
Correct The lacrimal gland is innervated by parasympathetic fibers, drains into the superficial parotid lymph nodes, and lubricates the inside of the eyelids.
Incorrect The lacrimal gland does NOT secrete a mucous fluid but a watery fluid instead.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 158 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Produces parathyroid hormone b. Secretes thyroxine c. Visible and palpable if present d. Not visible or palpable
2. From the following list of descriptions, select which descriptions could be used CORRECTLY to describe the thyroid gland. (Select all that apply.)
ANS: B, C
Feedback
Correct The thyroid gland produces and secretes thyroxine. The thyroid gland is both visible and palpable, if present.
Incorrect The thyroid gland does NOT produce parathyroid hormone; instead, the parathyroid gland produces and secretes parathyroid hormone. The thyroid gland is both visible and palpable, if present.
DIF: Comprehension REF: pp. 163-164 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Matures lymphocytes b. Undergoes involution c. Easily palpable in mandibular region d. Innervated by branches of vagus nerve
3. From the following list of descriptions, select which descriptions could be used CORRECTLY to describe the thymus gland. (Select all that apply.)
ANS: A, B, D
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Correct The thymus gland matures T-cell lymphocytes, shrinks as an adult to undergo involution, and is innervated by branches of vagus nerve.
Incorrect The thymus gland is NOT easily palpated and is located in the thorax and anterior region of the base of the neck, inferior to the thyroid gland, and NOT the mandibular region.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 166 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Sublingual salivary gland b. Submandibular salivary gland c. Parotid salivary gland d. Thyroid gland e. Thymus gland
4. From the following list of glands, select which glands DIRECTLY drain into the submandibular lymph nodes. (Select all that apply.)
ANS: A, B
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Correct The sublingual salivary gland and submandibular salivary gland both DIRECTLY drain into the submandibular lymph nodes.
Incorrect The parotid gland DIRECTLY drains into the deep parotid lymph nodes, and the thyroid gland DIRECTLY drains into the superior deep cervical lymph nodes. The thymus gland has lymphatics that arise within the substance of the gland and terminate in the internal jugular vein.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 159, Table 7-1
OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Sublingual salivary gland b. Submandibular salivary gland c. Parotid salivary gland d. Thyroid gland e. Thymus gland
5. From the following list of glands, select which glands DIRECTLY drain into the superior deep cervical lymph nodes. (Select all that apply.)
ANS: C, D
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Correct Both the thyroid gland and parathyroid glands DIRECTLY drain into the superior deep cervical lymph nodes.
Incorrect The sublingual salivary gland and submandibular salivary gland both DIRECTLY drain into the submandibular lymph nodes. The thymus gland has lymphatics that arise within the substance of the gland and terminate in the internal jugular vein.
DIF: Recall REF: p. 159, Table 7-1
OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy a. Less lacrimal fluid b. Dry eye syndrome c. Hyposalivation d. Xerostomia
6. A patient of record recently on a new antidepressant states that their eyes are also drier than in the past. Which of the following may also be present with this patient? (Select all that apply.)
ANS: A, B, C, D
In contrast to the usual moisture level of the eyes or even crying, there can be persistent dryness, which is one of the signs of dry eye syndrome. With this syndrome, the lacrimal glands produce less lacrimal fluid, which mainly occurs with aging or certain medications such as antidepressants, especially when newly taken. Medications or diseases that cause dry eye syndrome can also cause hyposalivation with xerostomia or dry mouth.
DIF: Application REF: p. 160 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy a. Smaller in size than major salivary glands b. Secrete mainly a serous type of salivary product c. Less numerous than major salivary glands d. Found within soft palatal tissue e. Each has a single duct that secretes saliva
7. Which of the following descriptive statements CORRECTLY concern the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity? (Select all that apply.)
ANS: A, D, E
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Correct The minor salivary glands are smaller than the larger major salivary glands. Most of the minor salivary glands are scattered in the tissue of the buccal, labial, and lingual mucosa, the soft palate, the lateral parts of the hard palate, and the floor of the mouth as well as associated with the circumvallate lingual papilla’s base. Each gland has a single duct that secretes saliva.
Incorrect
The minor salivary glands are NOT less numerous than major salivary glands. Most minor salivary glands secrete a mainly mucous type of salivary product, with some serous secretion and NOT mainly a serous type of product. The exception is von Ebner glands, which secrete only a serous type of salivary product.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 163 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy a. Can be uncomfortable but is not a dangerous situation b. Gland may be involved with salivary stone(s) c. Computed tomography can confirm diagnosis d. May only need manipulation of stone or minor surgery
8. When palpating the right submandibular salivary gland, the clinician notes a stony, hard mass during the extraoral examination and observes that the gland’s superficial lobe is slightly enlarged and tender. What information can be shared with the patient concerning this situation? (Select all that apply.)
ANS: A, B, C, D
Salivary stones are uncomfortable but not dangerous and can involve one or more enlarged, tender salivary glands. The clinician may also be able to palpate the stony, hard salivary stone(s) during examination. Facial radiographs or computed tomography can confirm the diagnosis. Salivary stones are usually removed manually or with minor surgery.
DIF: Application REF: p. 163 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development | CDA: General Chairside, I. B. Preliminary Physical Examination |
CDA: General Chairside, II. C. Describe how to perform and/or assist with intraoral procedures |
CDA: General Chairside, V. A. Oral Health Information
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1
Head and Neck Anatomy |
NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 5.0 Pathology | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 1.0 Assessing Patient Characteristics | NBDHE, Provision of Clinical Dental Hygiene Services, 3.3 Individualized Patient Education
Matching
From the following list of exocrine glands, match those with their CORRECT associated location.
a. Within fossa of frontal bone b. Posterior to mandibular ramus c. Superficial and posterior to mylohyoid muscle d. At floor of the mouth
1. Lacrimal gland
2. Submandibular salivary gland
3. Sublingual salivary gland
4. Parotid salivary gland
1. ANS: A DIF: Recall REF: p. 159, Table 7-1
OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy
2. ANS: C DIF: Recall REF: p. 159, Table 7-1
OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy
3. ANS: D DIF: Recall REF: p. 159, Table 7-1
OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy
4. ANS: B DIF: Recall REF: p. 159, Table 7-1
OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA: General Chairside, I. A. Demonstrate understanding of basic oral and dental anatomy, physiology, and development
MSC: NBDHE, Scientific Basis for Dental Hygiene Practice, 1.1.1 Head and Neck Anatomy
