Chapter 3: Respiratory System Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following terms refers to the gas exchange between the respiratory and circulatory systems?

a. Aspiration b. Diffusion c. Inhalation d. Ventilation

ANS: B REF: p. 59

2. Which of the following body structures enclose the thoracic cavity?

1. Ribs

2. Sternum

3. Thoracic vertebrae a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: D REF: p. 63

3. The American College of Radiology suggests that routine mobile chest radiographs are only indicated for patients: a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

1. with acute cardiopulmonary conditions.

2. in the intensive care unit.

3. who are on a mechanical ventilator.

ANS: B REF: p. 66

4. The current standard of care when a pulmonary embolus is suspected is a: a. PA and lateral chest radiograph. b. thoracic computed tomographic angiogram. c. nuclear medicine ventilation and perfusion scan. d. thoracic MRI.

ANS: B REF: p. 67

5. Low oxygen levels within the arterial blood and resulting from a failure of the gas exchange function best describes: a. hypercapnia. b. hypoxemia. c. CPAP. d. PPV.

ANS: B REF: p. 74 a. genetic. b. inflammatory. c. degenerative. d. neoplastic.

6. Cystic fibrosis is classified as a(n) _____ disease.

ANS: A REF: p. 75

7. The incomplete maturation of the type II alveolar cells within the surfactant-producing system causes unstable alveoli resulting in: a. hyaline membrane disease. b. pneumonia. c. respiratory distress syndrome. d. more than one of the above.

ANS: D REF: p. 76

8. Bacteria commonly responsible for typical pneumonia include: a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

1. Staphylococcus aureus.

2. parainfluenza.

3. H. influenza.

ANS: B REF: p. 77

9. The most common lethal nosocomial infection in the United States is: a. bronchiectasis. b. COPD. c. pleurisy. d. pneumonia.

ANS: D REF: p. 77

10. A permanent, abnormal dilatation of one or more large bronchi as a result of destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall best describes: a. bronchiectasis. b. COPD. c. emphysema. d. pleurisy.

ANS: A REF: p. 79

11. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be caused by: a. chronic obstructive bronchitis. b. emphysema. c. both a and b.

ANS: C REF: p. 82

12. Pneumoconioses result from inhalation of foreign substances and may include: a. anthracosis. b. asbestosis. c. silicosis. d. all of the above.

ANS: D REF: p. 84

13. Patients presenting with a lung abscess often demonstrate which of the following clinical manifestations?

1. Fever

2. Cough

3. Expectoration of pus a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: D REF: p. 87

14. Pleural effusion is best described as: a. excess fluid collects in the pleural cavity. b. inflammation of the pleura. c. a cavity that is radiographically visible on a chest image. d. more than one of the above.

ANS: A REF: p. 87 a. Bronchial carcinoid tumors b. Bronchogenic carcinoma c. Hematogenous metastatic lung disease d. Lymphogenous metastasis lung disease

15. Which of the pathologies listed below is the most common fatal primary malignancy in the United States, accounting for over 90% of all lung tumors?

ANS: B REF: p. 91

16. Which of the following pathologies of the respiratory system are classified as additive pathologies?

1. Cystic fibrosis

2. Emphysema

3. Pleural effusion a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: B REF: p. 94

17. Chest radiography is the imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of: a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

1. bronchial adenoma.

2. hyaline membrane disease.

3. pneumoconiosis.

ANS: C REF: p. 94

18. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography is the imaging modality of choice for: a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

1. COPD.

2. bronchogenic carcinoma.

3. metastatic lung disease.

ANS: C REF: p. 95

19. High-resolution computed tomography is the imaging modality of choice in cases of suspected: a. bronchiectasis. b. cystic fibrosis. c. fungal pneumonia. d. respiratory distress syndrome.

ANS: A REF: p. 80 a. additive b. subtractive c. none of the above

20. Sinusitis is considered a(n) _____ pathologic condition.

ANS: A REF: p. 95 a. additive b. subtractive c. none of the above

21. Pleurisy is considered a(n) _____ pathologic condition.

ANS: C REF: p. 95

22. A disruption in the esophagus or airway may result in: a. hemothorax. b. mediastinal emphysema. c. pectus excavatum. d. Legionnaires’ disease.

ANS: B REF: p. 65

23. Inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system include: a. hyaline membrane disease. b. mycoplasma pneumonia. c. subcutaneous emphysema. d. bronchial adenoma.

ANS: B REF: p. 78

24. The upper respiratory system includes the: a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

1. larynx.

2. pharynx.

3. trachea.

ANS: A REF: p. 59

TRUE/FALSE

1. On a normal PA chest radiograph, the right hemidiaphragm appears higher than the left hemidiaphragm.

ANS: T REF: p. 61

2. M. tuberculosis is captured by macrophages within the alveoli and creates a cell-mediated immune response that infiltrates the lymph nodes.

ANS: T REF: p. 80

3. Early pulmonary tuberculosis is always symptomatic.

ANS: F REF: p. 80

4. Coccidioidomycosis is a systemic, fungal infection of the lungs particularly endemic to the Ohio, Missouri, and Mississippi River valleys.

ANS: F REF: p. 86

5. Small cell carcinoma has a much higher mortality rate than other bronchogenic cancers.

ANS: T REF: p. 91

6. Lateral decubitus chest radiographs can better detect smaller amounts of fluid in the pleural space than an erect lateral chest radiograph.

ANS: T REF: p. 62

7. The posterior mediastinum contains the heart and great vessels, esophagus, and trachea.

ANS: F REF: p. 59

8. The maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only paranasal sinuses present at birth.

ANS: T REF: p. 59

Matching

Medical Devices a. Chest tube b. Endotracheal tube c. CVP lines d. Pulmonary artery catheter e. Access catheter

Directions: Match the following medical devices with the correct descriptions.

1. A large plastic tube inserted through the patient’s nose or mouth into the trachea to manage the patient’s airway

2. A large plastic tube inserted through the chest wall between the ribs to allow drainage of fluid or air

3. A multilumen catheter that serves to evaluate cardiac function

4. A catheter inserted for an alternative injection site or to allow for infusion of massive volumes of fluids

5. Catheters placed to allow multiple tapping for injection of chemotherapeutic agents

1. ANS: B REF: p. 70

2. ANS: A REF: p. 71

3. ANS: D REF: p. 72

4. ANS: C REF: p. 71

5. ANS: E REF: p. 72