Chapter 7: Urinary System Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The kidneys are located: a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

1. in the retroperitoneal cavity.

2. between T-12 and L-3.

3. anterior to the spleen.

ANS: A REF: p. 216

2. Which anatomic structures are located in the hilum of the kidney?

1. Renal artery

2. Renal vein

3. Nerve plexus a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: D REF: p. 216 a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20

3. In an adult, the ureters are normally approximately _____ inches long.

ANS: B REF: p. 217 a. BUN b. Serum creatinine c. GFR d. Urine

4. Which of the following is a waste product derived from a breakdown of a compound normally found in muscle tissue?

ANS: B REF: p. 218 a. BUN b. Serum creatinine c. GFR d. All of the above

5. Which laboratory test is used to determine the urinary system’s ability to break down nitrogenous compounds from proteins to produce urea nitrogen?

ANS: A REF: p. 218 a. 30 b. 50 c. 75 d. 90

6. Normally, the glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys should be _____ mL/min/1.73m2 or greater.

ANS: D REF: p. 218

7. Serious adverse effects typically accompany the injection of urographic contrast agents are most common in elderly: a. black females. b. white females. c. black males. d. white males.

ANS: B REF: p. 219

8. Which of the following predisposing conditions may increase the risk of an adverse reaction to an iodinated contrast agent?

1. Dehydration

2. Heart disease

3. Asthma a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: D REF: p. 219 a. CT b. MRI c. Sonography d. FDG-PET

9. What is the modality of choice for evaluating individuals after kidney transplantation?

ANS: C REF: p. 222

10. The American College of Radiology’s imaging modality of choice for a patient presenting with an acute onset of flank pain or other symptoms that suggest the presence of renal calculi is: a. CT stone study. b. abdominal CT with and without contrast. c. abdominal MR with and without contrast. d. renal sonogram.

ANS: A REF: p. 223 a. CTA of the kidneys b. Abdominal CT with and without contrast c. Abdominal MR with and without contrast d. MRA of the kidneys

11. Which of the following is highly recommended by the American College of Radiology in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension?

ANS: D REF: p. 223 a. Nephrostomy tube b. Ureteral stent c. Foley catheter d. Suprapubic catheter

12. What type of catheter connects the renal pelvis to the outside of the body?

ANS: A REF: p. 226

13. The congenital absence of a kidney is termed: a. renal agenesis. b. renal aplasia. c. compensatory hypertrophy. d. more than one of the above.

ANS: D REF: p. 227

14. A kidney located out of its normal position is termed: a. malrotation. b. ectopic. c. prolapsed. d. cross fused.

ANS: B REF: p. 229

15. A congenital, familial kidney disorder that may be classified as either autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant is: a. renal agenesis. b. polycystic kidney disease. c. crossed ectopy. d. medullary sponge kidney.

ANS: B REF: p. 231

16. A congenital dilatation of the renal tubules leading to urinary stasis and increased levels of calcium phosphate is: a. renal agenesis. b. polycystic kidney disease. c. crossed ectopy. d. medullary sponge kidney.

ANS: D REF: p. 232 a. E. coli b. Proteus c. Staphylococcus a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

17. Which of the following microorganisms are generally involved in pyelonephritis?

ANS: A REF: p. 233

18. Inflammation of the bladder is termed: a. cystitis. b. nephritis. c. glomerulitis. d. diverticulitis.

ANS: A REF: p. 235

19. Intermittent pain associated with the movement of renal calculi is termed: a. neurogenic bladder. b. trabeculae. c. renal colic. d. pneumatic lithotripsy.

ANS: C REF: p. 238

20. An obstructive disorder of the urinary system that causes dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces with urine is: a. glomerulonephritis. b. hydronephrosis. c. hematuria. d. nephrosclerosis.

ANS: B REF: p. 240

21. Renal cell carcinoma is a type of: a. adenocarcinoma. b. sarcoma. c. epithelioma. d. glioma.

ANS: A REF: p. 241

22. Which of the following examinations are recommended for staging and follow-up of renal cell carcinoma by the American College of Radiology?

1. Abdominal CT with and without contrast

2. Abdominal MRI with and without contrast

3. Renal ultrasound a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: A REF: p. 242

23. Bladder cancer may be treated with which of the following procedures?

1. Cryoablation

2. Radiofrequency ablation

3. Total cystectomy a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: D REF: p. 245 a. CT b. MRI c. Radiography d. Sonography

24. Congenital anomalies of the urinary system are often evaluated in the fetus using which of the following modalities?

ANS: D REF: p. 222

TRUE/FALSE

1. Kidney function is generally unimpaired with a horseshoe kidney.

ANS: T REF: p. 228

2. Vesicoureteral reflux is the backward flow of urine out of the bladder and into the urethra.

ANS: F REF: p. 220

3. The retention of urea in the blood is termed pyurea.

ANS: F REF: p. 239

4. It is estimated that more than half of people at age 50 have renal cysts.

ANS: T REF: p. 241

5. The cure rate for Stage I-III Wilms’ tumor (nephroblastoma) is 95%.

ANS: T REF: p. 243

6. Renal cell carcinoma often metastasizes to the chest, so often a chest radiograph is recommended.

ANS: T REF: p. 243