Chapter 4: Cardiovascular System Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The innermost tissue layer of the heart is the: a. epicardium. b. myocardium. c. pericardium. d. endocardium.

ANS: D REF: p. 99

2. Oxygenated blood is returned to the heart via the: a. pulmonary arteries. b. superior vena cavae. c. pulmonary veins. d. aorta.

ANS: C REF: p. 99 a. bicuspid b. semilunar c. aortic d. tricuspid

3. The mitral valve is also known as the _____ valve.

ANS: A REF: p. 119 a. Intima b. Lumen c. Adventitia d. Endocardium

4. What is the name of the internal tubular structure of a blood vessel?

ANS: B REF: p. 100 a. 6 b. 8 c. 10 d. 12

5. How many posterior ribs should be visible on a chest radiograph?

ANS: C REF: p. 101

6. An enlarged heart is known as: a. ischemia. b. cor pulmonale. c. cardiomegaly. d. tetralogy of Fallot.

ANS: C REF: p. 102

7. Doppler sonography is used to image which of the following conditions?

1. Deep vein thrombosis

2. Carotid stenosis

3. Lower extremity arterial stenosis a. 1 and 3 b. 2 only c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: D REF: p. 104

8. The contraction of the heart is known as: a. diastole. b. systole. c. peristole. d. myostol.

ANS: B REF: p. 100

9. The single most frequent cause of death in the United States is: a. congestive heart failure. b. coronary artery disease. c. valvular heart disease. d. ventricular septal defects.

ANS: B REF: p. 124

10. A CT calcium score best demonstrates: a. chambers of the heart. b. soft plaque. c. pulmonary arteries. d. hard plaque.

ANS: D REF: p. 106

11. A decrease in tissue blood supply is termed: a. atheroma. b. ischemia. c. infarction. d. necrosis.

ANS: B REF: p. 123 a. Dissecting b. Fusiform c. Saccular

12. What type of aneurysm results when the intima tears and allows blood to flow within the vessel wall?

ANS: A REF: p. 126

13. A blood clot is known as a(n): a. infarct. b. aneurysm. c. thrombus. d. adventitia.

ANS: C REF: p. 129

14. A procedure used to break up blood clots is known as a(n): a. embolization. b. thrombolysis. c. angioplasty. d. TIPSS.

ANS: B REF: p. 110 a. Ductus arteriosus b. Cor pulmonale c. Tetralogy of Fallot d. Foramen ovale

15. What is the opening between the atria and septum present at birth?

ANS: D REF: p. 112

16. The most common cause of chronic valve disease of the heart is: a. coronary artery disease. b. rheumatic fever. c. congestive heart failure. d. ventricular septal defect.

ANS: B REF: p. 119 a. CT b. MRI c. US d. TEE

17. Which of the following imaging modalities provides the most information in terms of mitral valve function?

ANS: D REF: p. 120

18. Congestive heart failure is most commonly caused by: a. high cholesterol. b. aneurysm. c. congenital heart disease. d. hypertension.

ANS: D REF: p. 120

19. A pulmonary embolus (PE) is best visualized with: a. a VQ scan. b. a nuclear perfusion scan. c. CT. d. angiography.

ANS: C REF: p. 130 a. deep; upper b. deep; lower c. superficial; upper d. superficial; lower

20. Venous thrombosis most often affects the _____ veins of the _____ extremities.

ANS: B REF: p. 127

21. Imaging procedures that may be used to demonstrate an abdominal aneurysm include: a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1. angiography.

2. CT.

3. sonography.

ANS: D REF: p. 126

22. Common risk factors for CAD include: a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1. cigarette smoking.

2. hypertension.

3. low-fat diet.

ANS: A REF: p. 125

23. Clinical signs of a myocardial infarction include: a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3

1. shortness of breath.

2. crushing chest pain.

3. neck pain.

ANS: D REF: p. 125

TRUE/FALSE

1. Pulmonary circulation transports blood between the heart and lungs.

ANS: T REF: p. 98

2. In chest radiography, a PA view is sufficient to demonstrate all the chambers of the heart.

ANS: F REF: p. 98

3. Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

ANS: T REF: p. 100

4. MRI is used for imaging of the anatomy, function, and disease of the heart.

ANS: T REF: p. 107

5. A Greenfield filter may be placed in the inferior vena cava to prevent blood clots from traveling to the lungs.

ANS: T REF: p. 128