Chapter 11: Endocrine System Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The endocrine system includes which of the following glands/organs?

1. Thyroid

2. Thymus

3. Pancreas a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: D REF: p. 338

2. The pituitary gland is located inferior to the: a. hypothalamus. b. thyroid. c. sella turcica. d. pons.

ANS: A REF: p. 338

3. The anterior lobe of the pituitary secretes which of the following hormones?

1. ADH

2. FSH

3. GH a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: C REF: p. 339

4. The hypothalamus controls the _____ gland.

1. pineal

2. pituitary

3. thyroid a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: A REF: p. 339

5. Epinephrine is produced in the: a. pituitary gland. b. pancreas. c. adrenal cortex. d. adrenal medulla.

ANS: D REF: p. 339

6. The thyroid gland is responsible for secreting: a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

1. TSH.

2. TH.

3. calcitonin.

ANS: C REF: p. 340

7. Overactivity of the thyroid gland results in: a. hypothyroidism. b. hyperthyroidism. c. hypoparathyroidism. d. hyperparathyroidism.

ANS: B REF: p. 341 a. adrenal cortex b. adrenal medulla c. liver d. pancreas

8. The alpha cells of the _____ are responsible for glucagon synthesis.

ANS: D REF: p. 341

9. The primary imaging modality used in the evaluation of osteoporosis is: a. DXA. b. MRI. c. sestamibi nuclear medicine scans. d. CT.

ANS: A REF: p. 342 a. DXA b. MRI c. Sestamibi nuclear medicine scans d. CT

10. Which imaging modality is the most reliable in imaging the hypothalamus?

ANS: B REF: p. 342 a. <648 b. 648-833 c. >833

11. Osteopenia is identified as a bone mass of _____ mg/cm2 .

ANS: B REF: p. 343

12. Osteitis deformans is also referred to as: a. Addison disease. b. Cushing syndrome. c. Graves disease. d. Paget disease.

ANS: D REF: p. 345

13. Acromegaly is a disorder caused by a disturbance in the pituitary gland resulting in an excessive secretion of: a. FSH. b. TH. c. GH. d. PTH.

ANS: C REF: p. 347 a. adrenal cortex b. adrenal medulla c. anterior pituitary gland d. posterior pituitary gland

14. Diabetes insipidus is a disorder that results when the _____ secretes an insufficient level of ADH.

ANS: D REF: p. 348

15. Sheehan syndrome is associated with: a. hypothyroidism. b. hyperthyroidism. c. hypopituitarism. d. hyperpituitarism.

ANS: C REF: p. 348 a. Addison disease b. Cushing syndrome c. Graves disease d. Paget disease

16. Which pathology results from a dysfunction within the adrenal cortex leading to hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from the anterior pituitary?

ANS: B REF: p. 348 a. Cushing b. Diabetes mellitus c. Diabetes insipidus d. Metabolic

17. What syndrome is associated with chronic hyperglycemia in combination with glucose intolerance and alterations in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

ANS: B REF: p. 349

18. Grave disease is associated with: a. hypothyroidism. b. hyperthyroidism. c. hypopituitarism. d. hyperpituitarism.

ANS: B

REF

REF: p. 352

TRUE/FALSE

1. Females are two to three times more likely to develop malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland than males.

ANS: T REF: p. 352

2. Hyperthyroidism is a fairly common disease of the endocrine system that affects the skeletal system.

ANS: F REF: p. 352

3. The outer portion of the adrenal glands, the adrenal cortex, is responsible for corticosteroid production.

ANS: T REF: p. 340

4. The thymus gland is vital to maintaining normal blood pressure and in regulating tissue growth and development.

ANS: F REF: p. 340

5. Calcitonin is an antagonist of PTH and serves to lower blood calcium.

ANS: T REF: p. 341

6. Glucagon promotes the breakdown within the liver of glycogen to glucose.

ANS: T REF: p. 341

7. Based on criteria established by the World Health Organization, a DXA T-score greater than 1 is normal.

ANS: T REF: p. 342