AMELIORATION CENTER SOCIAL HOMOGENIZING HUB POWERED BY EX-CONVICTS Master of Architecture Final Year

PREFACE

The final semester of Master in Architecture, is more focusing on the explorative and technical part of a building design proposal Hence, a technical report for thesubject of BAGS 6205 Architecture Thesis II, need to be done as a detail explanation of final yeardesign thesis project whichisSocial Homogenizing Hubpowered by Ex convicts.

This technical reportconsisted of comprehensive explanation about site analysis, design concepts, sustainable design features, building construction and services. The design development of theproject is stated in the site context, site planningand design intention.

The urbanand site issues are covered in thedesign development The sustainable strategies are also part of the requirement of theproject. The building structural and services system areincluded in this technical report. These include the building constructions, materials, services, landscape and theinterior design.

All the technical elements must follow the requirements the Local Authorities Laws and UniformBuilding by Laws (UBBL) and Fire protection guidelines in order to have better understanding what shouldbe concerned in a realproject.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First, I am grateful to be able to producethisreport.I would like to express my outmost gratitude to everyone who have guided and help me throughout gettingthis building analysis onthisproject. Thank you for giving full encouragement and co operationthroughthe collection of informationuntil the completion of this assignment. Regardless the current difficultydue to the pandemic COVID 19, we manage to adapt ourselves to ensure the success ofthis semester

Therefore, I would like to address my sincerest appreciation to those who have given me the valuable assistance and cooperation on this project,first and foremost

1) Dr Mastura Adam, Lab Master of Urban andCommunityArchitectural Lab, and

2) Ar. Wooi Lok Kuang, Part Time Lecturer of Urban andCommunity Architectural Lab who have become the spine and generator for me tokeep moving to the finishing line, the motivator during my ups and downs,andparentsthat always take care of their children in UCAL Team.

3) Dr Azzam Ismail, StudioCoordinatorofArchitectural Thesis, for conductingthe wholeprocess and journey smoothly and become the most valuable coordinator

4) Dr Norafida

5) Ar SaifulSufian

who always pick up the important things, topics, and matters that I should lookinto in detail formy thesis throughoutthe wholeyear

6) Scott Emosi Friends

7) RonggengFriends

8) Kamal Hafizi

who always listen to my rantsand alwaysmotivate each other even though we arestrugglingtothe finishing line.

And last butnot least, 9)Che Megat Ibrahim

10) RajaAidaRaja Ahmad

11) Siblings

who understandsthe situation whenever I feelhappy, sad, stress andangry along my journeytocomplete the thesis. The backbone that will always support mementally, cherish me, and support financially. Thank youvery much

Again, i would like to conveymy thanks to all parties for their support in making this building analysis project successful learning experience

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 –INTRODUCTION

Background Study

Homeless Ex Convicts

Initiatives by Government & NGOs

Problem Statement

Cycle of Ex Convicts

Aim, Research Questions & Research Objectives

Theoretical Framework

Social Ecological Model

Conceptual Framework

CHAPTER 2 – DESIGN PROJECT BRIEF

What’s The Idea?

Ideation & Concept Development

Building Typology

Hypothetical Programme Outline

Design Goal

Design Intention

Potential Client

Potential Collaborators

Design Approach

Hypothetical Programmes & Activities

Development Data

Schedule of Accommodation

CHAPTER 3 – SITE SELECTION & STUDY

Site Justification

History & Timeline of Kajang

Kajang Old Times

Kajang in Present Days

Contextual Analysis

Overall Access Network

Nodes & Landmarks Climate Analysis

Land Use Accessibility

Site Inventory Cultural Analysis

SWOT

CHAPTER 4 – DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Design Development 1

Design Development 2

Design Development 3

Design Development 4 Design Development 5 Design Development 6 Design Development 7 Site Analysis & Response

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER 5 – SEMESTER 1 DESIGN PORPOSAL

Site Plan

Ground Floor Plan

Upper Floor Plan

Basement Floor Plan

Elevations Sections

Perspectives CHAPTER 6 – SPECIAL STUDY

Voices of Ex convicts

Initiatives by Other Parties

What is the Major?

Studies by Researchers

Issues of Halfway House in Malaysia

Spatial Response to the Re Socialization

CHAPTER 7 – MASTERPLAN

Reviving Sungai Jelok

CHAPTER 9 –SUSTAINABILITY

On-site Electricity

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cells

CHAPTER 10 – BUILDING SERVICES

Building Services

Purpose Group & Means of Escape

CHAPTER 8 – FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL

Site plan & Basement

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Second & Third Floor Plan

Sectional Perspectives

Elevations

Perspectives

Lighting System

BEI Calculation

OTTV RTTV Water Efficiency

Rainwater Harvesting System

Wetland Filtration

Water Consumption Calculation

Rainwater Harvesting Calculation

Innovative Solution Towards Low Carbon Building

Escape Staircase

Hydrant, Assembly Area & Travel Distance

Fire Appliances Access

Active Fire Fighting Appliances

CHAPTER 11 –BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Material & Construction Method

Sectional Detail

Blow up Detail

REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE; INTRODUCTION

Background Study Introduction

Background Study

In the framework of thecriminal justice system, the issue of therelease of prisonersintocommunity life is a topicthat is frequently disputed by the community whenex convicts revert tocriminalbehaviorduring theirfreedom in community life. Ex convicts'job search appearsto suffer as a result of their incarceration. Accordingto studies, therelease of ex prisonersdoes not endthere because these individualsnow have a once in-a-lifetimeprison record. Thisprevious criminal record isobviously the mostsignificant barrier for ex prisoners, especially when itcomes to getting work. Many studies reveal that ex prisoners struggle to get work because of theircriminal record, illiteracy issues, lack of formaleducationalbackground, inadequatevocationalskills,andlackofinterpersonalskills.

Studies have demonstratedthat the stigmaof workers is the most important element makingitdifficult for ex convictstofind work following theirrelease, among the several causes for unemploymentamong ex convicts. It comes fromthe fears of employers regardingex convicts who,rather thanindividuals who have no history of crime, tendto repeat crimein future. The effect ofthis sense of dissuasion is when ex convictsdon'twantto try anotheremploymentanymore. This is an enormousrepercussion that can bring ex convicts backtoanoldcrime. Earningsdifficulties lead to ex convicts whoturn to unlawful ways of gainingmoneyto helpthemselves. Thesurvey also indicated that most ex convicts are generally unemployedor have anuncertain work historyincommunity life. The study, therefore, considers work following disclosure tobean essential predictorofpreventing recurrence andensuringthat ex convicts are successfully reintegrated intosociety.

Whenthe prisonauthorities do notprovideanemploymentprogram, the challenges of ex-convictsbecomemoredifficult after theirrelease Former inmates released from theprisonwithout service makeitdifficult for them to get a job whilethey live in the community In the Malaysiancontext, the implementation of the parole system andhalfway houses can show the followingand extended careprogrammesprovidedto ex-convicts The problemsidentifiedby thecurrent parole system andhalfway house programmes are selective andcannot always be offered to all prisoners once released The ability to gain accessto the system of parole depends on the crimescommittedandis considered only after half the prisoner hasfinished prisonsentence Likewise,the halfwayhousingprogramme, due to the very small infrastructure in Malaysia,was foundto have its limitation when itcouldnot accommodate the number of prisonersreleased annually Eventhese programmes do not offer jobsthat helptheseformer convictstofindjobs

Introduction

Homeless Ex Convicts

Story of Homeless Ex-Convicts

In Malaysia context,approximatelyabout 200-300 inmates will be released after they completed their sentence everyweek Evidence shows that formerprisoners face huge economic challengeswhenreleased from the prison Petersilia (2001) documentedthat most of theformer prisoners leave prisonwithoutanysavings Hence,the inabilitytoobtainandretain employmentand/orincomesupport has a direct impactontheindividual's ability toobtain residency Reintegration hasbeenproved tobedifficult for formerprisoners, as they face numerouschallenges simultaneously Three mainfactors that contributetothis problem were identifiedby Rodriguez & Brown in 2003, whichinclude:

i) Formerprisoners facesocial stigma andeconomic hardships, which cause them to become homeless upon theirrelease

ii) Former prisoners whoreturn tosocietyfacebarriersinobtaining shelter due to their status,inabilitytopay rent, and landlord’s refusal toallow them to rent

iii) There is a lack of support from the governmentagenciesandnon governmental organizationsinassisting theseformer prisonerstointegrate successfully intosociety

Being homeless also makes them feel more vulnerable against unhealthy lifestyles and other social related activities which cause them to commit the offence again.

The increasing number of homeless people among ex convict proved the weakness of existing community integration system in Malaysia.

Introduction

Initiatives by Government & NGOs

Initiativesto help ex convictsto turn a newleafhavebeen done in every stages, insideand outside prison, from prisonersto ex prisoners.One of the objectives is to equip the prisoners with new skillsto helpthem find a joborstart a businessonce theyleave confinement.

The in house vocationaltrainingprogramme, called SkimLatihan Dual Nasional(SLDN), offers 30 disciplines that include knitting, agriculture, furnituremaking,woodcarving,automotive, pastrymaking,animalhusbandry, frozen foodbusiness,batik design andsongketmaking.

Next, the MalaysianPrison Department has come out with thestrategies that helps totackle the issue ofovercrowdinginprison. Hence,they introducedparole system andcommunity services programme.

The initiative by these parties looks holistic, but why the problem is not solved or reduced?

To date, there is no data shows the number of homeless ex convicts in Malaysia as no parties are paying attention to this marginalized community.

Introduction

Problem

What is happen to ex-convict ?

Every ex convict has the first pathto find a settlement, or a residence once freed from prison This is because ex convicts can take refuge,rest and sleep at the residence Without housing, the majority of the former convicts have to live in misery and sleep or live as homeless Afterreleasefrom jail, the processoffinding a placeto live is often a discussion on factors that promoteautoprevention The growing release of ex convicts from prisons has made housingfor them a significantproblemnowadays

A halfway house isprovidedfor ex convicts whoarereleasedfrom prisonas alodge ortemporary residence Homelessex convictsor paroleeswhoareunemployed or unable to accept familiesare in the intermediateprograms of the household The halfway house isan importantaspect of helpingthe prisondepartment to reducethe rate of recidivismof ex convicts involvedinthis middle house asprisoners

To date, no extensive care programmes has been implementedto support ex convictsin living in community life, complementedby otherservices Thereare still functional limitations of existing halfway house programs The absence of placementprograms that include effective monitoringand social supportprogramstobring ex convicts together in their familiesmade the reintegrationof ex convictsmoredifficult

Former prisoners' needs are diverse, includingenhancing the family's weak ties, jobprograms, ensuring former prisonerscanbeproductive,continuingto treat the use of drugs etc Therole of

a halfway house that providesnoother services islike livingrooms It onlyworksifyou have a jobandif you don't have one While the middle house's functioncanbemoreimportant When the problemcome fromthe basepoint,itcausedtosome issues faceby ex prisoners such as:

1. Ex convict don’t getthe opportunityto work due tolackofskills

2. Negativestigmacomes fromtheemployers towards ex prisoners

3. Ex convictunabletocompetein the market

4. Repeatingpastmistakes

Hence,this study istosearchfor thebest solutionin the architectureand design field to help this marginalisedcommunity whoneeds a bettersolutionand help in the process of integrationto a communityafter theirrelease toavoidgrowingrecidivism rate andbecome homeless and jobless

STIGMATIZATION

Major

by

SAVING SHELTER

Introduction

Aim, Research Questions & Research Objectives

Research Aim

The aim is to design a social homogenizing hub as a transitional space for ex convicts with access to spiritual, physical and mental education as a preparation of integration with the local community and promoting sustainable living environment in community.

Research Questions

Several researchquestions are established to help get better understandingon the research topic.

1. What arethe issues faced by ex convicts after the release?

2. What arethe design criteriathat can support the process of rehabilitation of ex convictsto help in reducingthe issues faced by them?

3.Howthe space planningand design of the social homogenizing hub helps in establishing a positiverelationship betweenex convictsandcommunity members?

Research Objectives and Significance of Research

In order to have a clear direction in achieving the researchaim, the researchobjectives are identifiedwhich are:

1. To investigate the needs and issues faced by ex convicts based on theliterature review that can contributeonthe improvement of social homogenizinghub forex convicts

2. To identify the design criteria that can help andenhancetheprogrammeandprocess ofrehabilitationof ex convicts based onliterature reviews and precedent studies.

3. To design a social homogenizinghub for ex convictas a platformfortransitional processandsupporttheintegrationprocess betweenex convictsandcommunity.

A fewresearch significances can get fromthis research, such as:

1. Reduce therateof recidivism

2. Reduce the crime rates.

3. Reduce therateof unemployment and homeless.

4. Reduce the deficit of existing halfway houseandcommunity services in Malaysia.

5.Eliminating stigma towards ex convicts

Framework

SUPPORTED THEORY

STIGMATIZATION

SAVING SHELTER

Theory of Surveillance (Michel Foucault)

SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL MODEL (HEALTH AND SELF IDENTITY)

Labeling Theory (Crime and Deviance)

Behavioral and Social Cognitive Theory (Emotional and Social Learning)

Disciplinary power that evolves to control people such as the use of rules and regulations.Discussion on panopticon design by JeremyBentham which use the centripetal design to give the idea ofusers arebeingobserved without they know.

The idea of individuals become what they are beenlabelled, by exhibiting the behaviors, actionsand attitude. Psychological forceand stigma apply to the individuals that reflects on the action of individuals.

Focus on how we respond to events or stimuli than emphasizing what motivates our actions. Cognitive theory is focus on how our mental processes change over time which consist of 4 development stages; 1) sensorimotor intelligence, 2) preoperational, 3) concrete operational, 4) formal operational.

Psychology Family UnfortunateBudgetHealth Unemployment HomelessDiscreet Support

Intrapersonal Interpersonal Institutional Community Public Policy

Intrapersonal

Knowledge

Attitudes Behavior

Self concept Skill

Developmental History

Interpersonal Factors

Social Ecological Model

Public Policy

Community Factors

Institutional Factors

Formal and informal social network and social support system (family, work group, friends and network).

Social institutions and organization characteristics, formal rules and regulations for operations.

Relationships among organization, institutions and informal networks with defined boundaries.

Local, state and national laws and policies

Social Ecological Model is suitable to be adopted in the study as it tackles the issue from individual perspectives up to public policy perspectives. It is important to understand the character from their intrapersonal which can be developed to become a role model, interpersonal characteristics that involves two ways communication until to the very end of community assimilation and collaboration.

COLLABORATORS

POTENTIALCLIENT

Recovery

Empowerment

Conceptual Framework

PROCESS OF MEDITATION

Spiritual Physical Mental

REHABILITATION

PROGRAMMES & APPROACH

COMMUNITY PROGRAMME

PROCESS OF RE INTERGRATION

Engagement

ECONOMY

ARCHITECTURE

TIME-BASED MODEL

PROCESSOF ENHANCINGRESPONSIBILITY

THEORY

Activities - Mutualism Engagement Skill Sustaining

Idea of Panopticon (Jeremy Bentham) (Centripetal or Centrifugal)

Theory of Surveillance (Michel Foucault)

Theory of Space Planning

Theory of Labelling (Discrimination)

PRECEDENT STUDIES

Behavioral & Social Cognitive Theory

GhullamRecovery Care Center, Malaysia

The Salvation Army Harbour Light, Toronto

Colonel J. Nesmith Readiness Center, Oregon

SITE SELECTION

SOCIAL

Sungai Jelok, Kajang, Selangor 6.27acres

CHAPTER TWO; DESIGN PROJECT BRIEF

DesignProjectBrief

What’s The Idea?

The human developmental program provided in prison is not sufficient to rehabilitate them. Hence, authorities should be aware of the allocation for these programs as both approaches enable proper assistance for these former prisoners.

MohdAlifBinJasni,SitiHajarAbuBakarAh,JalZabdiMohdYusoff , KhairiyahMd.Shahid,NoralinaOmar,Zaiton Azman,(2019).TheNeedOfMoreHalfwayHousesAsTransitToReduceHomelessnessAmongstFormer PrisonersInMalaysia.Geografi,7(),33 54.

One of the biggest concerns related to crime is the homelessness issue.

MohdAlifBinJasni,SitiHajarAbuBakarAh,NoralinaOmar,NorruzeyatiBintiCheMohdNasir,(2021).Kehidupan GelandanganBekasBanduanDariPerspektifEkologi:KajianKesDiChowKit,KualaLumpur.Geografi,9(0),62 84.

"The government should look into ex-convicts who are truly in need, perhaps allowing them to undergo army training or some kind. The mode of support needs to be changed." Pencegah President Jeevan S Ramamurthy

JeevanS.Ramamurthy,Presidentof PENCEGAH

Released offenders could not find a suitable job because of their deficiency in education, work experience, and job related skill

MohdAlifBinJasni,SitiHajarAbuBakarAh,JalZabdiMohdYusoff , NiniSyaheeraJasni , KhairiyahMd.Shahid, NoralinaOmar,ZaitonAzman,(2019).FromStigmaToCommunity’SDiscrimination:TheExperienceOf16Former PrisonersInMalaysia.E-Bangi:JournalOfSocialSciencesAndHumanities,16(4),1 16.

Social interventions are also able to help meet the deficit of needs experienced by ex prisoners who are in the process of reintegration.

MohdAlifBinJasni,SitiHajarAbuBakarAh,JalZabdiMohdYusoff , KhairiyahMd.Shahid,NoralinaOmar,Zaiton Azman,(2019).HadFungsiRumahPerantaraanSebagaiPenempatanSementaraUntukBekasBanduanDi Malaysia.Akademika,89(2),17 31.

AMELIORATION STATE?

Improving the quality of life through learning and polishing skills that will be beneficial for each other to achieve inclusive sustainable living community.

Ideation & Concept Development

Contribute

Community

Ex convicts

Supervise

Social Homogenizing Hub

Support

Client (Department of Skill Development)

SocialHomogenizingHub

Social Homogenizing Hub powered by Ex Convicts serves two functionalities,asocial amelioration center for ex convict with inclusion of accommodationanda community center.Socialamelioration center for ex-convicts is weavedwith community center to assist and aid the marginalized people(ex convict) in the processof integration tocommunity living. By combining these two buildingtypologies, the integrationprocess is likely to happen as both partiesare servedwith structured programmes such as business,education and recreation. The socialamelioration center willinclude the accommodation for the ex convicts that will govern by wardens from prisondepartmentorparoleunit in conjunction with the strategic connection built between them andpotential client, Departmentof SkillsDevelopment(DSD).

DesignProjectBrief

Building Typology

Active Activities

Social Amelioration Center

Community Center

Passive Activities

I

SOCIAL HOMOGENIZING HUB

II

With the new typology and programmes introduced for the Social Homogenizing Hub, we wish the ex convicts may find the suitable jobs and help themselves to sustain in the journey.

Design Goal DesignProjectBrief

Role Model Theory

People learn from one another, via observation, imitation and modelling.

Behavioral & Social Cognitive Theory

We respond to events or stimuli than emphasizing what motivates our actions.

Bridging from exclusive to inclusive community

SupportContribute

HOMOGENEOUS COMMUNITY

The goal is to reduce the margin between two communities, reduce the negative stigma towards ex convicts and create an inclusive sustainable living community.

Society/people to achieve the objective

Platforms to mingle/socialize

Introduce new collar works that benefit to the society

DesignProjectBrief

Design Intention (NABC)

Contributing

Negative stigmas reduced

Ex convicts get the same chance to compete with others

Ex convicts get to socialize without feeling guilty

Ex convicts get to learn new skills

NEED APPROACH

Through structured programmes and activities

Integration and collaboration with society

Potential client that can provide related services

Redesign on panopticon design

Centripetal/centrifugal design approach

Create sustainability living community

BENEFIT CONTRIBUTION

Reduce the rate of recidivism

Reduce the number of homeless

Supporting

Exemplary project that can be implement around Malaysia

To fill the gap as skilled workforce in economy and industry sector in Malaysia

The mode of support need to be refurbished considering both parties, ex convict and society in order to achieve the objectives and help ex convicts to comeback in the society.

Potential Client DesignProjectBrief

Departmentof Skills Development (DSD), formerly knownas the NationalVocational TrainingCouncil(MLVK) is a Department underthe MinistryofHuman Resources which was established on 2 May 1989 throughtherestructuring of the NationalTrainingandCertification Craft Board (LLPPKK) established in 1971 The name MLVK was changed to JPK after the NationalSkillsDevelopment Act 2006 (Act 652) cameintoforceon 1st September 2006.

To strengthenthe purposeof itsestablishment, DSD was strengthened with the placement of theCenter For InstructorandAdvanceSkillTraining (CIAST)under the managementofthis Departmentand the establishment of six (6) regional officesby zone, namely JPK Central Region, JPK Southern Region, JPK Northern Region, JPK Eastern Region, JPK Sabah & Labuan Regionand JPK SarawakRegion.

Vision

To be a World Class Leader in the Development of Skilled Human Resources

Mission

To develop Knowledge Workers (K Workers) With a Competitive Edge.

Objective

The two (2) mainobjectivesof DSD are:

1. To coordinateand regulatethe implementation of skills trainingtoproduce K-Workers for the purposeofemploymentandrecognitionatnationalandinternational levels.

2. To research and develop jobcompetencystandardsand expertise tocontinuouslyimprove the qualityof skilledhuman resourceswho cancontributeto the economicgrowth of the country.

DSD provides variety of services thatbenefits all categoriesand hierarchy of people such as MalaysianSkills Certificate (SKM), Accredited Program Training System (SLaPB), National Dual Training System (SLDN), and more.One of the best achievementprograms startedby DSD is Skill Malaysia whichprovides a platformfor Malaysian toparticipatein the nationalcompetitions.

Seeingthisasanopportunity,Community Development Centerfor ex convicts has a potential toadopt theservicesfrom DSD whichmaybenefitto theex convictsandcommunityaround thearea. The objectives of DSD and proposed building aresimilar in terms of provides and enhanceskills for the people. Strategic cooperation offered by DSD will be able toexpand the marketandopportunities for theex convictsin the future.

There’s always a chance for government and NGO’s to pull out initiatives to help the particular marginalized community (ex-convicts). Seeing as one party’s ability supported by other parties might bring the joy to their face, in the process of integration into the community.

DesignProjectBrief

Design Approach

Ex convicts

Community Service Programme – Time-based Model

Ex convict is considered succeed after completing the programme within dedicated time. Ex convict will be given the opportunity to run their own business or collaboration with supported business under the SijilKemahiran Malaysia Programme.

Recreational Activities and Common Interest

Architectural spatial design and supporting facilities such as recreational activities, food and beverages, architectural style need to be designed and studied to attract local community to join, contribute and support.

Permeable and Openness

Creating and designing more spaces for integration and collaboration between ex convicts and local community to interact without invading the privacy.

Community

Client (Department of Skill Development)

Programmes & Activities

MIND, BODY& SPIRIT REHABILITATION

ACADEMIC + VOCATIONAL SKILL

COLLABORATION + INTEGRATION SPACES

DesignProjectBrief

Programmes & Activities

COMMUNITYASSILIMATION + DEVELOPMENT

PRIVATE PRIVATE SEMIPUBLIC PUBLIC

Therapeutic Mind Zone

Therapy room, Counselling, Meditation Room, Medical Emergency Room

Religious & Morale

Halaqa Module, Addiction Module, Spirit Rehabilitation

CULINARY & PASTRY

Vocational Skills

Workshops, Classrooms, Training Class, Computer Lab

Basic & Advance Education Illiteracy program, Living Skill, Interpersonal Skill, Knowing Rights

BUSINESS & IT

Event & Business

Community Library, Community Hall, Retails, Vendors, Cafes

Collaborative Space & Activities Community Kitchen, Pastry Workshop

& SERVICES

Sport & Recreational Activities

Outdoor Collaborative Area, Courts, Gymnasium

Sustainable Living Environment Business & Trade, Community Volunteering, Campaign, Markets, Foodtrucks

FASHION & CLOTH MAKING

Amelioration Center: Social Homogenizing Hub

Land Title Institution & Community Facilities

Land Size 6.27 acres (25373.79 sqm)

Plot Ratio 1:4

Allowable GFA (Land Size x Plot Ratio) 101,495.16 sqm

Plinth Area 60%

Setbacks

40’ (12.2m) Facing road 20’ (6.1m) common boundary 10m river reserve

Open Space, Landscape and Recreation 5% (Outdoor, indoor or rooftop space)

Perimeter Planting 10’ (3.1m) including setback boundary

Regulation

Maximum 30% is allowed for accommodation on the current land use

No Description Unit

A) Amelioration Center

Mind, Body & Spirit Rehabilitation

Room Size (Sqm)

DesignProjectBrief

Schedule of Accommodation

Total Size (Sqm)

1 F amily Therapy Spot 1 66.2066.20

2 Multifunction Meditation Room 1 192.00192.00

3 Toilet & Ablution Area 1 64.0064.00

4 Clinic & Pharmacy 1 54.4054.40

5 Counseling Room + Stimulator Room 1 96.0096.00

Sub-total 472.60

Academic & Vocational Skills

A) Kitchen & Pastry

1 Cooking Studio 1 288.00288.00

2 Pastry Studio 1 96.0096.00

3 Pastry Café + Bakery 1 96.0096.00

4 Equipment Kitchenware Storage 1 48.0048.00

5 Pastry Dry Ingredient Storage 1 48.0048.00

B) Business & IT

1 Classroom 2 64.00128.00

2 Discussion Room 1 64.0064.00

3 Computer Lab 1 64.0064.00

C) Hospitality & Services

1 Multifunction Workshop 1 120.60120.60

D) Batik & Cloth Making

1 Sewing Studio 1 64.0064.00

2 Batik Workshop + Store 1 128.00128.00

Sub-total 1,144.60

B) Community Center

Collaboration & Integration

1 Community Hall 1 1,360.401,360.40

2 Interactive Library 1 627.00627.00

3 Gymnasium 1 192.00192.00

4 Retail (Type A) 1 128.00128.00 Retail (Type B) 1 96.0096.00 Retail (Type C) 6 32.00192.00

5 Restaurant Dining Hall 1 512.00512.00 Restaurant Kitchen 1 192.00192.00 Restaurant Storage Area 1 128.00128.00

6 Multipurpose Outdoor Lepak Zone 1 512.00512.00 Storage 1 64.0064.00

7 Vendor Zone 1 240.00240.00

Sub-total 4,243.40

Community Assimilation

1 Recreational Zone 1 1,382.001,382.00

2 Central Courtyard 1 1,572.601,572.60 Little Pods 4 48.00192.00

3 Food Truck Zone 1 1,251.001,251.00

Sub-total 4,397.60

Facilities

1 Toilet (M & F) 2 28.0056.00

2 Surau (M & F) 2 52.80105.60

Sub-total 161.60

C) Administration Facilities

1 Administration Office 1 192.00192.00

Professional Staff Room 2 16.0032.00

Security Room 1 52.8052.80

Store 1 52.8052.80

Meeting Room 1 32.0032.00

Sub-total 361.60

Lift Lobby 3 40.00120.00

TNB Substation 1 72.0072.00

Domestic Water Tank 1 339.00339.00

Electrical Room 1 40.0040.00

Server Room 1 40.0040.00

PABX Room 1 40.0040.00

Pump Room 1 72.8872.88

Sub-total 723.88

D) Co-living Accommodation

1 Lobby & Lounge 1 65.0065.00

Room Type A 1530.84462.60

Type B 1645.62729.92

Warden House 2 45.6291.24

Communal Kitchen 1 71.4071.40

Communal Living Room 1 96.9096.90

Game Area 1 90.8490.84

Administration Office 1 61.6061.60

Buffer Zone 1 68.5168.51

Communal Dining 1 77.0077.00

Rooftop Farming 1 75.1175.11

Lil' Hut 8 5.4243.36

Toilet 1 27.2027.20

1,960.68

Lift Lobby 4 32.00128.00

Refuse Chamber 1 15.7015.70

143.70

Total

Total 13,609.66

E) Parking Requirement

CHAPTER THREE; SITE SELECTION & STUDIES

“

Kajang is one of the cities that has become the choice for ex convicts to ‘stay’. As a developing and vibrant city, Kajang is seems suitable for the ex convicts who do not have shelter or place to stay. the caring Malaysian societies in helping the vulnerable community is seems to be one of the reason for ex convicts to choose Kajang as a place to stay, while hoping the society to feed them everyday.

The proposed site is located at Kajang, Selangor.

Kajangis suitable area as itis an urban city that is developing towards Green, Harmony and DynamicCity but stillconserve it heritage buildingsand places. Kajang has stated increment

4.1% of the population growth as it is influenced by therapid development of Klang Valley conurbation

SiteSelection&Study

Site Plan

Lot No: 98657

LandArea: 6.27 acres / 25373.79sqm

Land Status: Institution & CommunityFacilities

Nearto residential community

As a step to easethe processofreintegrationinto the community life It is also beable tofacilitatethe residential communityaround the sitebyproviding spaceto gather andinteract.

Crime-free zone

Inorder to start a new chapter, site must provide stability for ex convictto preventfrom negative behavior

Nearto city center

It is about 2 km away from Kajang Old Town. Reachable distanceto get basicamenities

Neartobus stop

Easy accessibilitywith MRT Feeder Bus for userwho depends onpublictransportation

Surveillance aids

Assurance for communitysafetyandsecurity for users andsurroundingcommunity.

Sungai

Kajang, Selangor

Etymology of Kajang

• The Temuan had already been exploring the area since at least the 16th century and they found an abundance of bamboo and palm leaves, which they folded to make rooftops. Thus, they called the place Kajang

• for the Mandailing, berkajang means ‘to take shelter’

• for the Bugis, it means ‘to stab / to fight’

• They then fought each other because of the misunderstanding of the meaning of the word to them. After the event, the place was called Kajang.

History & Timeline of Kajang SiteSelection&Study

1855

An American prospector started a tin mine at Rekoh. However, the locals objected as he did not possess any consent and the venture was abandoned.

1890

The tin boom in the district occurred when Chinese businessmen made huge investments in the district. One of the Chinese miners was Goh Ah Ngee,who was active in Balau (Broga today).

End of 20th Century

Faced strong competition from Brazilian coffee producers, fluctuation of coffee prices and the appearance of a fungal disease called H. vastatrix and further assisted by the outbreaks of Cephonodes hylas moth that threatened to cripple the local coffee production, the industry soon vanished from the scene.

Goh Ah Ngee, who had tin mines in Balau, also ventured into rubber plantation in Semenyih after his failed ventures in coffee planting. The development of the rubber industry was also helped by the extension of the railway track southwards from Kuala Lumpur to Kajang in 1897. Before that, Kajang was connected to Kuala Lumpur via a cart road built in 1888.

1848

Raja Berayun, a Mandailing, wanted to claim ‘blood money’ from Datoh Klana Sendeng, a Rawa, for the killing of one of his friends. He brought 500 men and invaded Sungai Ujong, but they were defeated, and they retreated to the north of the Langat River where they established a village called Rekoh. The current name for Rekoh is Sungai Tangkas; it is about 4 km from Kajang. It was to be the earliest settlement around Kajang.

1890s

District Office to suggest moving to agriculture. Tobacco had been planted in 1890 on a trial basis in Semenyih but the project failed. Coffee was next and it gained interest amongst European planters who were applying for land for coffee planting. Chinese businessmen were equally interested and joined in the demand for land.

1910

Rubberwas the next big crop. The Inch Kenneth Estate located just outside Kajang became the first estate to plant rubber on a commercial scale in Malaya. Among the Chinese planters who obtained land in Kajang for rubber plantation were Choo Kia Peng with 182ha in 1910, Loke Yew with 41ha in 1912 and Low TiKok

SiteSelection&Study

Towards the 20th century, the tin ran out in Hulu Langat and rubber took over as the main source of income. The expansion of Kajang began in the 1980s, when house prices in Kuala Lumpur and Petaling Jaya started to increase along with housing demand. Seeing opportunities in Kajang, property developers bought the rubber plantations and began constructing houses.

SiteSelection&Study

Kajang

Kajang is known as a transit orsatellite town, where people live but workelsewhere in places such asKuala Lumpur, Sepang, Cyberjaya andPutrajaya This stimulated the developmentof Kajangasit increased thedemand for housing

KajangLivable Cityis a writtenmasterplan that involves few aspects tocreate a lively city such as Education Hub, ResidentialZones, Tourism and manymore Authority has setthe standardand operation procedure on governingandcity planning of Kajangfor thepresent and future of Kajang

With the development of SocialHomogenizing Hub, itcanbe seen that thedevelopment may enrich the education hub as well as becomea new landmark for the Kajang to attractvisitors fromother places to visit It can be the pioneer development thatcan offer opportunityfor the needs and also increase the economy of people inKajang

MPKj haslaid out the RancanganTempatan for MukimKajangwhichfocusedonprime aspects of Kajang. As a satellite city, MPKj ensuresthe development of Kajang will benefit for the people andenvironment.

SiteSelection&Study

Kajang in Present Days

MPKj has laid outthe Rancangan Tempatanfor Mukim Kajang whichfocused on primeaspects of Kajang. With the development of Social HomogenizingHub in the area, it can and may achieve Teras 1 and Teras 2 which involve on the inclusivity of Kajang peopleandeconomic driven to sustain and healthy competitions

ANALYSIS:

SUN PATH

ClimateAnalysis

ANALYSIS:

WIND DIRECTION

The predominant averagehourly wind directioninKajang

throughout theyearfrom East of Northeast, Northeast South and West.

ORIENTATION

TEMPERATURE

On average,the temperature are always high The warmest monthis Aprilwith anaveragemaximumtemperature of 33ºC.

The coldestmonthisNovemberwithan average maximum temperatureof 31ºC

RAINFALL

Rainy season falls in the months: March, April, September, October,Novemberand December On average, Novemberis thewettest monthand Jun is thedriest month.

LENGTH OF DAY

The length of the day inKajanglikelysubstantially overthe courseof theyear and averages 12 hrs ofsunlighteach day.

Residential Commercial Industrial

Open space and Recreational Transportation Agriculture Forest Water body Electricity/Solid Waste Disposal/Sewerage Water supply/Irrigation and Drainage Telecommunication Schedule Waste Disposal River Reserve Education Health Religious Cemetery Welfare House Community Facilities Safety/Government Use/Statutory Body Residential Commercial Industrial Institution and Community Facilities Open Space and Recreational Infrastructure and Utility Transportation Agriculture

Accessibility

Road Hierarchy

The site can be access through Jalan Sg Jelok. It is a big opportunity to the site as Jalan Sg Jelok is a shortcut path connecting Jalan Semenyih and Kajang Semenyih Bypass.

StrongCommunityEnvironment

KRT

Site Legibility Accessibility

Site Plan

Nodes:

In 500mradius, therearefew focus area with high humandensity due to the function of the space such ascommerciallotandpublicpark

Edges:

Jalan SungaiJelokbecomes the main streetedge separating thenew township area with thefew old residential area Landmarks:

1) KajangPrisonComplex

Jalan SungaiJelokis the mainroad that connectsto the Kajang Prison Complex It becomes the focalpointto thearea

2) YayasanPenganut Buddha

Locatedalong Jalan SungaiJelok, the building act as communitycenterfor buddhistduring festivals

Node

Street edges

New township

Commercial

Building above 5 storey

Kajang Prison Complex

New township: TTDI Grove

township

township: Saujana Villa

Yayasan Penganut Buddha

Traffic Density Accessibility

To

SiteInventory

Site Plan

Scale: 1:1500

State Selangor

District Ulu Langat

Mukim Kajang

Section 9

BPK 1.3 Sungai Jelok

Authority Majlis Perbandaran Kajang Lot 98657

Size 6.27 acres (25373.79 sqm)

Topography +39.00 m ± 1.00 m

Land Use Institution and Community Facilities

Land Status Vacant Land (Government)

Setback

Facing Road 40’ (12.2m)

Common Boundary 20’ (6.1m)

River Reserve 10 meter (Monsoon Drain Width: 9.7 meter)

Plot Ratio 1:4 (101,495.16 sqm)

Plinth Area 60% (15,224.27 sqm)

Plan SiteInventory

Building

Classification Community Development Center

Purpose Group II - Institutional

Site Plan Scale: 1:1500

Maximum Travel Distance Walk: 800m / 15 min Car: 15 min

Ingress & Egress Width Minimum 40’ (12.2m)

Vehicular Park Requirement

Car: 1/46.4sqm gross floor area + 20% visitor parking Motorcycle: 20% of no. of carpark

Disabled Parking: 2% of no. of carpark with ramp

Open Space, Landscape & Recreation 5% of site area

Pedestrian Walkway

Shoplots/Factory/Workshop

Perimeter Planting 10’ (3.1m) including building setback Green Space/Park/Open Space

Residential

Bus stop Taman Kajang Baru (100m)

Section

Section

Scale:

Taman

SiteInventory

CulturalAnalysis

Activities and Festivals

SATAY FESTIVAL

Satay Festival is a phenomenon cultural festival happened in Malaysia, and Kajang is selected due to its interesting history hold about satay. Visitors from other states, including neighbouring countries come to visit and taste different types and flavors of satays from different places. However, the festival only last until 2015 and did not continue after that. Seeing this as opportunity to bring back the festival, it also may promote the products produced by ex convicts to be marketized in the food industry.

CulturalAnalysis

Activities and Festivals

KAJANG ARTS FESTIVAL & CRAFTS BAZAAR

Kajang Art Festivals is a 2 days festival that happened every year, but 2014 was the last year of this event happened. The festival and bazaar has brought all vendors, local artists, performers from the entire country to localize their products and many activities were done during the entire 2 days. This is an opportunity to make this event happen again at the site as it collects and can collaborate with the users and local communities to join and celebrate the festival.

CHAPTER FOUR; DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

DesignDevelopment1

Analysis of Precedent Studies

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 1

Design Development 1 mainlyfocusonstrengthening the project brief andprogramme of the development This includes the activitiesinside the site and outside the site thatlookintoboth subjects, the siteselectionandpotentialclient

Next, related the site selection,Kajang with the Client bylookingat the potentialofoutbound ventures and the activities held by the collaboratorsnear the site.A fewventures andvendors with their mainprogrammeandactivities have been identifiednear the siteand lead to the formationofon siteprogrammesandactivities

The study starts with strengthenthe goalof the projectand tidy up the ideas.A few precedent studies havebeen looked up andanalyzedto study the programme, spaceplanning,and materialitythatcanenhance the architectural strategies of the design

The study continuestolookat the potentialclient,DepartmentofSkillDevelopment

1) What can they offer to theuser?

2) What is their guaranteeon theoffers?

3) What is the methodologyof theoffers?

GhullamRecovery Care Center, Malaysia

The Salvation Army Harbour Light, Toronto

Analysis of Precedent Studies

Analysis of Potential Client

Site Analysis (Macro context)

Finalizing Porgramme and activities

Colonel J. Nesmith Readiness Center, Oregon

Ghullam Recovery Care Center, Malaysia PrecedentStudies:Programmes

Ghullam Recovery Care Center, Malaysia

Ghullam RecoveryCareCenter (GRCC) is a rehabilitation center that providessecondchance formed by Ghullam Develpment Sdn Bhd to helpparolees and ex convictsin Malaysia. It offers a shelter for theselectedparolees and ex convictsto form an integrationwith the communityafter release. GRCCalso offers i-Kembali Programme as a caretaker programme for theex convictsafter release.

The i-kembaliprogram is a platformthat acts as a facilitatortoconnect ex prisoners, parolee and supervised people with prospective employers Through motivationalfibersupportto ex prisonersto live a morevibrantandopen life armed withthe awareness & skills acquired while inprison, program participants will be able to get a stable joband live a stable life and a bright future.

Ghullam Recovery Care Center, Malaysia

Skill and Job Opportunity Shelter

INDUSTRY FOCUS PROGRAMMES

Manufacturing Services Construction

Agriculture Marketing Management

Objectives:

1. MOTIVATION to ex prisoners to live a morevibrant & open life armed with theawareness & skills acquired while in prison.

2. PLATFORM to ex prisonerstofind a job & start a new life with a stable career and a bright future.

3.SPACE & OPPORTUNITY to employers to helpthe country improvethenationaleconomy throughthe employment of ex prisoners reducingcostsinprisons.

4. CONCERNS OpportunitiesEmployers,community & individuals show concern with equal opportunities given to prisoners.

5.REDUCTION Reducingunemploymentrateamong ex prisoners & dependenceon foreign labor.

Synthesis: Programmes & Activities

1. Holistic programme that covered a few importantsectors such as services andagriculturethat may need morelaborsin current situationandin future.

2. The participants will be given a jobin the GhullamDevelopment Sdn Bhd as a step for them topolish skill beforetheymeetthe potential employers

3. The use of vacantlotssuch as shophouses as a shelter for participantsis seems like a positivemovementto save the environment

4. However,the facilitiesin theshelter hostel is lackingandcanbe improvedto meetthe satisfactoryandcomfort level

The Salvation Army Harbour Light, Toronto PrecedentStudies:Spatial &Space

The Salvation Army Harbour Light, Toronto

The Harbour Light is an 86,000-sqaure-foot, seven storey building with transitionalhousing, a residential addictions recovery programand supportivecommunity and family services This facility serves as a beaconagainst the wider backdrop of a cityscape that can seem impersonal andalienatingto thevulnerable, and thatit be able to reach out andconnect wordlessly with those seeking help By helpingpeople re integrateback intosociety in a meaningful way, Harbour Light can also be a role modelfor others in the wayinwhichit integrates health, faith,andcommunity development

Theresident program at Harbour Light is transitional where after a period of monthsoflivingin a communalsettingin the north residence, clientseventually graduate to livingin their own small but completeapartmentin the south residence wingofthe building These components are separatemasonryvolumes

The Harbour Light CommunityResidential Facility provides a programofcommunityaccountability for all residents under conditional release as perthe Parole BoardofCanada In addition, the programisespecially geared towards assisting men to remain drug and alcohol free while in the community Referrals andaccess to the full Harbour Light addictionsprogramon siteisavailable workingin full collaborationwith The CaseManagement Team

programatHarbour Light istransitional where after a period of monthsoflivingin a communal setting inthenorth residence, clientseventuallygraduate to livingin their own small but completeapartmentin the south residence wingof the building. These components are separatemasonry volumes.On the ground floor

centralcorridorlinks

spaces, a dining roomwhereresidents

mealswith

landscapedcourtyardsand the Sanctuaryandcommunity church, which sitsas anindependentvolumeto the north of the residence

Brickmasonry screens articulate the line betweenthe public

theresidents livingwithin the protection of thecentre, between the courtyardsand thestreet.

Synthesis: Programmes & Activities

Placementofcourtyardson theedges of the site facing the road is

likable asit can blur the boundary betweenthe public users and the main users of the building.

Courtyard 14 is a space uses as hidden indicator to separate the zoning between publiczoneandprivatezone.

Linearcirculation eases the users onwayfindingandbenefits to the relationship between eachspaceon the groundfloorand itis morecontrolledcirculation for a narrowspace.

Courtyard actsas buffer zonebeforeentering the buildingto the private area of the building.

PrecedentStudies:Material&Sustainability

Colonel J. Nesmith Readiness Center, Oregon

Colonel

Nesmith Readiness Center,

PrecedentStudies:Material&Sustainability

Colonel J. Nesmith Readiness Center, Oregon

The ColonelNesmithReadiness Center provides administrative,training,recruitingandfamilysupport space for the 162ndCombatEngineeringCompany of theOregon NationalGuard.

The projectincludeseducationalclassrooms, a library, a learningcenter, a physicalfitness area and a vault andweaponstrainingsimulator. The building’s form clearly organizes programelements with the administrativefunctions in one wing, the Guard’s storageandtraining facilities in the otherandpublic spacesconnecting them.

The assembly hall,with sweeping views out to the rural landscape,iscentralto the design. The interior of the assembly hallfilters daylight from skylights through a woodframeworkreminiscentofthe woodenbarnsof the surroundinglandscape but deployed in a highlyorderedrhythm appropriate for the Guard’s drills andceremonies.

The building'sfinishes wererequired tobelow maintenance, highly impactresistant,and acousticallyabsorptive. This facility isboth welcoming and secure, celebrating the beauty of the WillametteValley andfitting gracefully within its surroundings. TheReadinessCenter is pending LEED Goldcertification.

Synthesis: Programmes & Activities

1. The distinctiveseparation of the zones makes the spaceplanning clearer with the spaceprogramme.

2. Linearcirculationisadaptedtomake surethefeatures of the buildingworkableandnotblockingofbeautiful views.

3. Technologiesand green building features adopted to the building is successful without givinganydiscomfortto thethermal sensationandcomfort.

of Study

of Study

DesignDevelopment3

Initial Ideas

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 3

Design Development 3 mainlyfocus on the micro analysis and design strategies In this subchapter, you mayfindall the design development fromthe main idea until theend product

The study startswith analyzing thefigureground of the siteandmade a thorough study on the opportunities on the site This is included with the study of neighbouringcontext,masterplan of Kajang, andurban studysuch as node,landmark,path, districtand edgeformthe siteanalysis in chapter 3.

Someinitial ideas lookingintointegration of landscapewithhardscapethat can createspontaneousandinvoluntaryactivitiesin

pockets

DesignDevelopment3

Initial Ideas

DesignDevelopment3

Analysis of Site Selection

Location Plan Scale: NTS

Lot No: 98657

LandArea: 6.27 acres / 25373.79sqm

Land Status: Institution & CommunityFcailities

Nearto residential community

As a step to easethe processofreintegrationinto the community life It is also beable tofacilitatethe residential communityaround the sitebyproviding spaceto gather andinteract.

Crime-free zone

Inorder to start a new chapter, site must provide stability for ex convictto preventfrom negative behavior

Nearto city center

It is about 2 km away from Kajang Old Town. Reachable distanceto get basicamenities

Neartobus stop

Easy accessibilitywith MRT Feeder Bus for userwho depends onpublictransportation

Surveillance aids

Assurance for communitysafetyandsecurity for users andsurroundingcommunity.

StrongCommunityEnvironment

KRT Taman

DesignDevelopment3

Neigbouring Residential Zones

The site becomes the heart of the place as it is situated in the center of few residential areas. The idea is to make the place become the landmark and gather space that connects and continue the beat tempo of every residential zones.

Plan

Kajang

DesignDevelopment3

Crit02

Figure Ground Study Green Patches

Figure Ground Study

Green Patches

Green spaces located in between rows of houses become the focal point as it attract people to go for recreational activities. Hence, in every green space, pulse are generated as people gather to have activities together.

Low noise as it facing river and open empty land

Identify The Zoning

Immediate context of the site is synthesized to identify the zoning as refer to the hierarchy of space.

Noise comes from car workshops and machines

Facing the frontage and road

Highway

Main Road

Secondary Road

Tertiary Road

Immediate Surrounding Activities

Immediate context of the site. To create a space for people to enjoy, socializing, act as third space for them to relax and release tension by having community center that fill with activity.

Assigning Space

Spaces are arranged according to the hierarchy and usage based on the site zoning that has been synthesized

DesignDevelopment4

Site Planning & Strategies

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 4

Design Development 4 focuseson the siteplanningandmassing study through spatialconfigurationand developfromthe initial sketches

This sub chapter includes development from Crit 03 and Crit 04 respectively

In this sub-chapter, masterplanis slowly developedthroughoutthe processof site planning. The masterplanisfocused on the Sungai Jelok area but notlimitedto the radius asit mayexpandto the Kajang City through programmes andactivities,urbaninterventions andnetworking.

IDENTIFY THE ZONING

Immediate context of the site is synthesized to identify the zoning as refer to the hierarchy of space.

BRING THE TEMPO. TUNE THE WAVELENGTH

Immediate context of the site. To create a space for people to enjoy, socializing, act as third space for them to relax and release tension by having community center that fill with activity.

HOMOGENISING ZONES

Promotes mutualism through binding by green and landscape that act as the medium.

DesignDevelopment5

Crit03

DesignDevelopment6

Crit04

Identify the grid and circulation

The site is following the position and orientation of the lake park. The lake park and the river become the prominent axis and edge to the surrounding neighbours

Bringing in the green path

An intervention is planned to make the river edge as path to connect the site with surrounding residential zones. The green path becomes the anchor and heart of the site to attract local community to the site.

Identify space hierarchy

Three boxes of zone are located based on the adjacent neighbour and surrounding to respect and as strategies in site planning.

Adjust to site context and strategies

The spaces are then break down to follow the strategies. It also allows permeability to the site while still controlling the privacy and security of each break down spaces.

Crit04

Comments on Improvement Can Be Done

Comment from panels:

Ar. Saiful

1) Still looks like a prison ex convict get out the go to the dining area to eat. (Suggestion: ex convict serves the community)

2) Translation from the site strategies to the plan is unclear. Idea to bring the green courtyard to the center of the site is not there.

3) Expecting the green space in the middle of the site to be more interesting other than courts.

4) Don’t make it like it is just a community hall. Attract the attention of community by recreational activities or food that can utilize the big space.

Ar. Eddie

1) Find the common interest of ex convicts and community that they can share and collaborate.

2) So, it is just a community center?

Dr. Fida

1) What is popular in Kajang? Satay. Maybe you allow vendors to rent your space or make a product that produced by ex-convict

“Weave the softscape and hardscape”

“Let the community walk through your spaces”

“Bring the essence of Kajang to your area”

“Make the whole development as a neighbouringpark”

“Make the ground floor seamless and permeable”

“How does architecture help on the integration of the two groups?”

DesignDevelopment7

Site Analysis & Response

Neighbourhood

Identify the typology (building use) of adjacent context and the orientation axis of surrounding buildings and context.

Access road to the site

Identify the road hierarchy towards the site by analysing the number of lanes on the road.

Response: Determine the main access, ingress and egress of the site.

Gridline

Gridline was determined by following the axis from the lake park, as it is the main focal point (landmark)and the hotspot area for recreational activities.

Street edge

The edge of site facing the main road will be set to back a bit deeper to allow pedestrian connectivity and become the main spillage area of activities. It also become the main attraction façade (profile) of the site.

DesignDevelopment7

Sun path

Identify the sun path to ensure the building orientation is oriented properly to enhance sustainability and avoid excessive day light penetration to the spaces.

Natural features

Sungai Jelok is located on the north side of the site. It is an opportunity to revive the usage of Sungai Jelok through urban intervention. It is seemed to be the edge that can bring local community from their residential area to the site.

Prevailing wind

Identify the direction of strong wind to allow the wind interweaving through the building block and spaces to create windy and less humid spaces.

River edge treatment

Bring the natural features to the site as it seems to be a potential linkage from the residential zones towards the site. It also an opportunity to create a green spine that can draw people through redesigning the river edge.

DesignDevelopment7

Site Analysis & Response

Identify the grid and circulation

The site is following the position and orientation of the lake park. The lake park and the river become the prominent axis and edge to the surrounding neighbours

Bringing in the green path

An intervention is planned to make the river edge as path to connect the site with surrounding residential zones. The green path becomes the anchor and heart of the site to attract local community to the site.

Identify space hierarchy

Three boxes of zone are located based on the adjacent neighbour and surrounding to respect and as strategies in site planning.

Adjust to site context and strategies

The spaces are then break down to follow the strategies. It also allows permeability to the site while still controlling the privacy and security of each break down spaces.

CHAPTER FIVE; SEMESTER 1, DESIGN PROPOSAL

Semester1

Entrance

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

View

level

the pod

towards the courtyard.

A

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Interior

Cooking studio that can change

local

Vendor

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

A place that

local

can rent to marketize and sell

business

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior 11

Linear Park: An urban intervention and rejuvenation on the river that bridging people through the programs and recreational activities.

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

Pod: A small shaded area in the courtyard that becomes the place for people to enjoy the view and play with the water element.

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior 18

Retail Zone: A zone which ex convicts can marketize their products and services after been trained.

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Communal Living:

space with few sport facilities

sitting area

intended

spontaneous

between two parties.

ArchitecturalGallery

CHAPTER SIX; SPECIAL STUDY

CrucialStatement

Voices of Ex Convicts

CrucialStatement

Initiatives by Other Parties

Initiativesto help ex convictsto turn a new leaf havebeen done in every stages, insideandoutsideprison, from prisonersto ex prisoners.One of theobjectives is to equipthe prisoners with new skills to helpthem find a jobor start a businessonce theyleave confinement.

Next, the Malaysian Prison Department has come out with the strategies that helps totackle the issue of overcrowding inprison. Hence,they introducedparole system andcommunity services programme.

The initiative by these parties looks holistic, but why the problem is not solved or reduced?

To date, there is no data shows the number of homeless ex convicts in Malaysia as no parties are paying attention to this marginalized community.

CrucialStatement

What is The Major?

Crucial thinking throughthe process of literature reviewhas led to the finding of “The Major”,thatcanbetranslated as major issues and pioneer of the whole problems. Three majorproblems are; shelter, stigmatizationandsaving.

Fromhere, to ensurethe successful of the programme, we need totackle these major issues. This would lead us to the study of their well being as a person who hold a criminal record. Theirwell beingisincludingphysicality,psychology,physiologyand their society.

All these factors provedto be the trigger for ex prisoners to becomehomeless after beingreleased from prison. The lack of opportunities for them to reintegrate is due to dealing with these factors throughout life in the community. The failure of ex prisoners to be a productive and successful person in life causes them totendtoend up homeless on the streets Thus, a system of justice for crimescommitted by ex prisoners is needed so that issues that occur among ex prisoners upon release can be addressed.

The Malaysian Prisons Department must immediately introduce appropriate post release and extended care programs for ex prisoners each timethey are released. For groupsof ex prisoners whohaveended up beinghomeless, the Department of Social Welfare can participate together in helpingthisgroup given the homeless as oneof their clients The Department of Social Welfare needs to introduce appropriateprograms tokeep homeless ex -prisoners outof street life. Even the National Anti DrugAgency (AADK) should also be part of the agency that helpsthesehomeless ex prisoners because theresults of the study found thatthis group does notrun away fromtheproblemofdrugabuse

The problem of addiction becomes part of the homelesslife of a former prisoner when on the streets. The presenceof AADK is also expectedto be at the forefront in strengtheningthe criminaljustice system in an effort to help this group Finally, it is hoped that all these proposals can inspirethecriminal justice system agencies in introducingsuitableprograms for thesehomelessex prisoners in thefuture.

LiteratureReview

Studies by Researchers

Diagram above shows an idea by researchers proposing programmes and strategies to help ex convicts in re socialization with community. Theseobjectives and programmes couldlead the initiative to be successful to bring the ex convictstothecommunity.

LiteratureReview

Issues of Halfway House in Malaysia

Initiatives by Prison Department by introducing Parole System and Halfway Houseshould be praised. Based on therecord,rate of recidivism has decreased since establishment of these initiatives. However, over the time, theinitiatives seems to be not workable and many problems raised. Someofthe issues related to halfway house in Malaysia are:

Noadvancedcare programmes

Ex-convicts do not received ample followupsupervision,monitoringand social support.

Selective andshortperiod (3 months)

Limited infrastructure,cannot accommodatelarge number of user

Programmes arenotup to date

This shows that halfway house need to be re model and relookon the ability of the programme to helpthese marginalized community. The halfway houseshould be able to bring back the physical well being of the demoralized and demotivated ex convicts .It shall provide the sense of freedom, sense ofopenness, sense of connectivity with each otherandsense of belongingtothe ex convicts

Readjusting Panopticon Design

MovementandResponse

Spatial Response to The Re Socialization

Reinstate the meaning of freedom

Thespatial concept and design ofcontemporary prisons clearly differ from thepast models which primarily reflected punishment, security and surveillance, modern technologies and new psychological and social views brought greaterfreedom indesign.

The dynamicform and diversification of volumes mimic the vivid built environment and create an analogy with anactive lifestyle, on the contrary,compact forms and concentration of spaces in a single structure resemble rigidity andstrictness.

Thesize of the prison exterior isadjusted to the overall design concept,varyingfromthe village like concept with abundant outdoor areas, to the limitation of an urban residential block with a compressed open space largerareas enhancespatialcommunicationsand mobilityandcontributetomore successful mirroringoftheoutside life

Content andfunctionality ofcontemporary prisonsare adjusted to the age,gender and securitylevel Thespatial scheme follows the programmewhich rangesfrom a basic one to a socially opulent one All the basic activities carried out under regular circumstances,such as cooking, work, education or shopping are translated to the normalenvironment The tendency is tocreate as manycommon spacesas possible,in order to enhanceinteraction andsocialization

MovementandResponse

Spatial Response to The Re Socialization

Socialization starts fromthe beginning,whichmeans the most crucial part that need tobe designed is their space. The accommodation consists oftwotypeunits,thatcan cater 4 members and 6-8 members,respectively.

Type A unitiscompleted withdesignated fixed shelves onthe wall, connected with thebed. Hence,eachmember gettheir ownworkspace. The social area canbe extended to the balcony.

While forType B, members are able to design their ownspacewithin theroom. However, theyneed to discuss with othermembers in order tomake over the room. Thisexercise may helpthem toboost self esteem andcooperation work as a team. It also helps to rejuvenate their sense of respect towards others, sense of belongingto their own space,and sense ofopennesstowards their neighbors.

Type B unit wall can be extended toaccommodateuntil 8 members if the number of communityincreases. The balconyis designed tobespacious for them to hang out and chit chatwith othermembers.

Type A Type B

Type B

Type B

Spatial Response to The Re Socialization MovementandResponse

Fromthe unit, the socializationcanhappen in between spaces such ascorridors and designatedspaces, such asliving hall, dining hall, kitchen,rooftopfarming,timberpods.

The process of resocializationisseemingtobe unprecedented andspontaneous. Therefore, the resocializationcanhappen in any hierarchy of space, from privatespacetopublicspace within the compound.

End

ArchitecturalGallery

Exterior

Spine;

walkway

will bring the users

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

A view towards entrance of Villa Singgah, transitional house for the ex convicts to gain knowledge and earn job.

ArchitecturalGallery

Interior 1

A buffer space; space in between the Villa Singgah and working zone. Ex convicts may either take rest before and after tired of working while enjoy the environment and mood of the space.

ArchitecturalGallery

CHAPTER SEVEN; MASTERPLAN

Masterplan RevivingSg. Jelok

Site

Nodes:

In 500mradius, therearefew focus area with high humandensity due to the function of the space such ascommerciallotandpublicpark

Edges:

Jalan SungaiJelokbecomes the main streetedge separating thenew township area with thefew old residential area Landmarks:

1) KajangPrisonComplex

Jalan SungaiJelokis the mainroad that connectsto the Kajang Prison Complex It becomes the focalpointto thearea

2) YayasanPenganut Buddha

Locatedalong Jalan SungaiJelok, the building act as communitycenterfor buddhistduring festivals

Node

Street edges

New township

Commercial

Building above 5 storey

Kajang Prison Complex

township: TTDI Grove

township

township: Saujana Villa

Yayasan Penganut Buddha

RevivingSg. Jelok

Masterplan

Old District Old low rise terrace houses

New District New development with modern architectural style

District

story shophouses, warehouses and factories

River Edge Opportunity to redesign to connect with residential zones

Main path that connects the site with other spaces

Old District Old low rise terrace houses

CHAPTER EIGHT; FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL

Third

FinalDesignProposal

Second & Third Floor Plan

Second

FinalDesignProposal

Sectional

Sectional Perspective A-A Scale:

FinalDesignProposal

Elevations

West Elevation Scale:

East Elevation Scale:

North Elevation Scale: NTS South Elevation Scale: NTS

ArchitecturalGallery

Food

ArchitecturalGallery

View

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

central courtyard.

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

View form the central courtyard. The pond is used as wetland filtration where grey water from workshops, restaurant and toilets will be channeled to the pond and filtrate. The water will then be recycled back as tap water, irrigation and flushing.

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior 5

View form the Lepak Pod towards the pond. A visual connection is achieved through the level difference that overlooking the spaces on the first floor. The central courtyard is filled with lush green aqua plants and medium canopy trees.

ArchitecturalGallery

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

A

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

Exterior

A

the corridor

restaurant

the workshop area and serial vision towards classrooms

accommodation.

A

ArchitecturalGallery

Perspectives

ArchitecturalGallery

A view from interactive library. Interactive library can be used as a place for study group by the young local community. Visitors can use the computer for educational purpose.

Vendor

ArchitecturalGallery

Interior

space

can

by the local

the products

business.

ArchitecturalGallery

Exterior

Recreational

an active social space

can

used by local community and main users

ArchitecturalGallery

ArchitecturalGallery

Exterior 11

Linear Park: a space that connects all neighborhood zones through the river line. It is an expansion intervention work to expand the activity from the lake park.

ArchitecturalGallery

Exterior 12

Eatery zone; the kiosk can be rented by local community to market their products and business. It also acts as a training ground for the ex convicts to learn about business and marketing.

ArchitecturalGallery

CHAPTER NINE; SUSTAINABILITY

INTRODUCTION

On site Electricity

In green construction,on-site generationof electrical power is becoming increasingly prevalent. Small scale electricity generation has become increasinglyviable and economical because to rapidly evolving technologies Customers who want to supplement their electric power needs with their owngenerationarenow obligated by law to be accommodated by electric companies These clients are safely connected to the powergrid according to netmetering systems. Utilities are required to buy excess electricitygenerated by customersand feed it back into the system.

Solar-electric or"photovoltaic" panels and small wind turbines are the most commontypesof electric generatorson the scale of asingle small or medium-sized structure. Bothare affected by the weather and the climate.

Solarpanels,ofcourse,perform best in locations with plentyof sunlight. When it comes to maximising the performanceof solar panels, their inclination and angle with respect tothe sun are critical.Traditionally, panels have been set onracks abovea building's roof, but they are increasingly being used inalternative configurations that aremore directly integratedinto the building's design.

Based on the proposal site, which is located on the lowrisebuilding neighbourhood and open field area,in additionwithexistingriver line beside the proposed site, solar-electric and water turbine are idealalternative powergenerators to propose.

SustainabilityFeatures

On-site Electricity

INTRODUCTION

BIPV

Solarpowergeneratingproductsor systems that are smoothly incorporatedinto the building envelope and part of building components such as building facades, roofs,or windows areknown as building integrated photovoltaics(BIPV).A BIPV system is adual-purpose componentof the buildingskin that transforms solar energyinto electricity whilealso providing building envelope services such as:

• weather protection (water proofing, sun protection)

• thermal insulation

• noise protection

• daylight illumination

• safety.

Application

BIPV systems are installed during the building's construction stage orduring a retrofittingof anexisting structure when oneof the envelopecomponents needs to be replaced. BIPV can be integrated ina variety of ways in the built environment. In general, BIPV can beused in three different ways:

• roofs (e.g. shingles, tiles, skylights)

• façades (e.g. cladding, curtain walls, windows)

• externally integrated systems (e.g. balcony railings, shading systems)

SustainabilityFeatures

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cells

INTRODUCTION

BIPV

Technology

Currently commercial BIPV modules use crystalline silicon-based (c-Si) solar cells or thin film technologies like amorphous silicon (a Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), andcopper indium gallium selenide (CIGS).Most technologies canachievesemi-transparency, such as for skylight or curtain wall applications, by spacing opaque c Si solar cells or making the thin film layer transparent. However, as the transparency of the module increases, less sunlight is collected and converted intopower by the photovoltaic layer, loweringmodule efficiency.

SustainabilityFeatures

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cells

Advantages of BIPV

BIPV has numerous advantages:it notonlygenerates clean power on-site without requiringmore land, but it may also reduce abuilding's energy usage by utilising sunshine and reducing cooling loads. As a result, BIPV canaidin the development ofnet zeroenergy structures BIPV is the only building materialwitha returnon investment, convertingroofs andfaçadesinto energy generating assets (ROI) Furthermore, the various applicationsof BIPV systemsprovide architects and architectural designers withseveral chances to improve the visual aspect of structures.Finally, andperhapsmost crucially, building owners gain from lowerelectric expenses as well as the positiveimage of being "green" and "creative."

SustainabilityFeatures

IMPLEMENTATION

Solar as Renewable Energy

Total

Solar Catchment Area

Battery Room

catchment

In this development, photovoltaic cells were installed on the jacked roofofrestaurants, library, workshopareaand accommodation area Other than that, solar glasshas been installedasglass wall for the multipurpose hall.

All these spaces are huge have high catchment area in order to receive sunlight to generateenergy through renewable energyresources. Thisallows to offset the overall energy consumption. They are installed to indirect view to avoid visualdamage on the façade, except for solar glass panels asitis to educate the community on the advantages ofphotovoltaic cells installation.

Roof

shows

of

CALCULATION

Solar as Renewable Energy

SustainabilityFeatures

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cells

IBC Solar Module MONOSOL 375 CS9 HC

Rated Power 375 Wp Type Monocrystalline cell

Size (LxWxH) 1755 x 1038 x 40mm Area (sqm) 1.82

Power Tolerance 0 / +5 W Module Efficiency 23%

The global formula to estimate the electricity generated in output of a photovoltaic system is :

E = A * r * H * PR

E = Energy (kWh)

A = Total solar panel Area (m2) r = solar panel yield or efficiency(%)

H = Annual average solar radiation on tilted panels (shadings not included)

PR = Performance ratio, coefficient for losses (range between 0.5 and 0.9, default value = 0.75)

Total solar catchment area: 1311 m2 Estimated no. of solar panel 720 panels

E = A * r * H * PR

E = Energy (kWh)

A = 1311 sqm r = 23% H = 4.06 PR = 0.75

Average solar energy harvested daily: 918 kWh

Average solar energy harvested monthly: 27,545 kWh

Average solar energy harvested yearly: 335,127 kWh

Roof plan shows location of BIPV cells.

CALCULATION

Calculation using PV Watt Calculator by National Renewable Energy Laboratory

SustainabilityFeatures

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cells

IMPLEMENTATION

Solar Glass

SustainabilityFeatures

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cells

Solar glass isa typeof building integrated photovoltaics that is aimed to replace traditionalbuildingmaterialsin areas like rooftops, skylights, facades, and windowsin order to generateenergymore effectively

The key distinction between solar glass technologies and classicsolar photovoltaics(PV) is that the newer panels areincorporatedinto the structure rather than installed on top, whichgives users anincentive to balanceaesthetics andfunctionality.

CALCULATION

IMPLEMENTATION

Solar Glass

Lighting zoningandcontrol crucial for the occupant’s comfort level as well as the energyperformance within the building. The zoning iscrucial to provide a flexible lighting controls tooptimize the energyconsumption. Decreasing the size of lightings zones allows for more flexible control over lighting, giving owner the ability to reduceenergy consumptionand avoid wastage andcost by only lighting up those areasin need orrequired.

Inthis building, LED Bulb will be usedfor everyspace including the lamp posts inan open areas. LED consumes less power with high lumen intensity; thus, it helps to reduce the electrical costconsumption.

Motion detector will be applied in the uncommon used area such astoilets,surau andstore areas.

SustainabilityFeatures

Lighting System

SustainabilityFeatures

Calculation

CALCULATION

Total BEI

Total BEI of AC area (kWh/m2/year) = 142.3 kWh/m2/year

(Lighting power + Plug load + Misc load + ACMV Sysytem)

Total NFA = 8021 sqm

Total energy consumption per year (A) = BEI x NFA = 142.3 x 8021 = 1,141,388.8 kWh/year

Total renewable energy harvested from BIPV (B) = = 505,981 kWh/year

Net energy consumption = (A) (B) = 1,141,388.8 505,981 = 635,407.3 kWh/year

Total reduction from BIPV = 44.33%

New BEI = 79.22 kWh/m2/year

OTTV SustainabilityFeatures

WHAT IS OTTV?

Solar as Renewable Energy

Based onMS1525:2014, OTTV is defined as the value ofrateofheat transfer into a building through building envelope.The functionof OTTV is to achieve a cut down on external heat gain through building envelope design. Reducing the external heat gain resulting inreduce ofcooling load of the air conditioningsystem.A criterion of GBI rated buildingis the OTTV value should less than 50W/m2 in the case of the building having a total air conditionedareaexceeding 1000 m2.

OTTV < 50W/m2

In the OTTV formulation, the following items are not considered:

•Internal shading devices

•Solar reflection or shading from adjacent buildings

•Green walls

OTTV Formula: OTTV =

Heat Conduction Through Wall

Heat Conduction Through Window

Solar Heat Gain Through Window

WWR

SC)

Where, α = Solar absorption = Colour of walls Uw = U value of wall WWR = Window to wall ratio Uf = U value of window OF = Solar Orientation Factors (depends on orientation of the fenestration, based on weather data for KL) SC = Shading Coefficient

SustainabilityFeatures

OTTV

LIGHTWEIGHT BLOCK WALL

Component (outside to inside) Thickness Conducitvity Resistance mm w/(m.K) T/C

Outside Surface Resistance 0.040

Cement sand plaster 120.5330.023

Lightweight Blocks 64 kg/m3 1500.1441.042

Cement sand plaster 120.5330.023

Inside Surface Resistance 0.130

Total Thermal resistance 1.257 U-value (W/m2K) 0.796

SustainabilityFeatures

RTTV

WHAT IS RTTV?

Solar as Renewable Energy

Based onMS 1525:2014 Clause 5.5,the calculationof OTTV does not include the roofplane, but the thermal transmittance(Roof U-value)of the roof construction is important

Heat Conduction Through Roof

Heat Conduction Through Skylight

RTTV = + +

Solar Heat Gain Through Skylight

Where,

RTTV = Roof Thermal Transfer Value (W/m2)

A r = Opaque roof area (m2)

Ur = Thermal transmittance of opaque roof area (W/m2 K)

TD eq = Equivalent temperature difference (K)

A s = Skylight area

Us = Thermal transmittance of skylight area (W/m2 K)

ΔT = Temperature difference between exterior and interior design conditions (5K)

SC = Shading coefficient of skylight

SF = Solar factor (W/m2)

A o = Gross roof area (m2) where A o = A r + A s

GLASS SHADING COFFICIENTS & U-VALUES

SustainabilityFeatures

SustainabilityFeatures

Water Efficiency

NECESSITY

Of Rainwater Harvesting System

Malaysia continues to see population growth, urbanisation,industry,and irrigated agriculture. This situationis putting increaseddemand andpressureon water resources, as well as contributing to pollution (Che Ani, Shaari,Sairi,Zain,&Tahir, 2009).

New water resourcedevelopment, such asa new water delivery plan, results in higher costs and a majorenvironmental impact. Deforestation, risingsea levels, diminishing crop yields, water conflicts, increased severity/frequencyoftropical storms, and decliningfish populationsare all potential issues(Abidin,& Unit, 2004).

To achieve more effective water management, an integratedapproach is required.A multifunctional techniquethat can be adopted to broaden the scopeof water quantity and quality controls in urban drainagesystems and integratethem with non consumptive rainwater collection systems.

The demand for safe drinking water isincreasingin lockstep with the country's economicgrowth In high-demandareas, the practicable limit of surface water resource development hasalready been achieved(Abidin,& Unit, 2004).

Current methodsto water management incities aresupply-driven, requiring the development of a newresource to addressa water deficit. There isa chance that the big cities could face a water crisis due to risingdemand. As a result, water demand managementthat focuses onconservation measures andemploys demand-driven methodologies would better utilise our limiteddemand water supply. Water demand management, whichaims to maximise water usagewhile conserving it, reduces the requirementfor a newsupplyplan.

Rainwater collecting from abuilding's roof can beused inapractical and efficient manner This is reasonable because more than 30% of home water use doesnot necessitate the use of treated water (Abdulla, & Al Shareef, 2009). As a result, the need for arainwater collection systemisjustified.

SustainabilityFeatures

Harvesting System

CONCEPTUAL

Of Rainwater Harvesting System

SustainabilityFeatures

Filtration

CONCEPTUAL

Of Wetland Filtration System

Wetland filtration removes silt (suspended solids) fromponds, enhances water clarity, and eliminates the need for expensive and invasivedredging on larger water features. The wetlandfiltrationsystemis compatible with both earthbottom and liner membranepondsand can be retrofitted to existing ponds. It also cuts down on the physical and chemical maintenance that comes withalgae removal.

Thereare three typesofpond filters on the market:biological, mechanical, and clarifiers.Biological filtersuse microorganisms to breakdownpond waste andconvert it to less hazardous substances that can beused as fertilisers for aquatic plants Filters that captureandremove trash and silt areknown asmechanical filters. Water clarifierscirculate water through a tube containing a UV light, which kills living microscopic particles. For this development, biological filters is used for thepond which contains fishes that can help to reduce algaegrowthin thepond. Water plants are planted such as papyrus and cattail to reduce the toxicity of the water and neutralise the water foruse.

The biological filter accepts water that has alreadypassed through the mechanical filter, also known asaskimmer,which is normally located on the pond'sopposite side. Water enters the biological filter through a flexible hosenear the unit's base. The water then runsup the filter from the bottom tothe top, passing through filter mediainside the unit. Fine to mediumsized particlesareremoved with the help of the filter media. The skimmer had previouslyremoved the larger detritus.

As the biological filter fills,it will overflowand cascade over rocks that have beenplaced to create a lovely, natural looking waterfall. The waterfall addsaeration tothe pond, which helps withcirculation and water quality.

CONCEPTUAL

Of Rainwater Harvesting System + Wetland

Naturalirrigation will reroute water from Malaysia's natural rainfall to greensand vegetation, or water will be gathered primarily from roofs usinga siphonicsystem(1) or traditional methods. The water directed from naturalirrigationwill flow back to nature (2), while the water harvestedwill be held ina storagetankputon the roof level of specific structures, eliminating the requirementfor a pump for transfer, ground level, andunderground level.

The water tank is locatedbeneath the courtyardarea and between the academic block and the restaurantin this project The rainwaterwill then be collected ina retentionpond (3) and lightly filtered to remove debris before passing through a wetland filtering system(4) to organically cleanse.

The autonomous irrigation sprinkler system(5) is linked to arain sensor. Theuse of arain sensor linked to an autonomous irrigation sprinkler reduces the amountof water requiredfor landscape irrigation. When it detects rain, the rain sensor is to be put ata high location in the landscape toautomatically cut off the scheduled irrigation. The filtered rainwater,on the other hand,will be recycled and utilisedin the toilet (6) The filtered rainwater will first beusedfor basin washing, with the washing water being recycled for WC flushing, and the buffer tank will then allow biosolidin black water to settle in the septic tank.

Someof the grey water frombathrooms,workshops, and restaurants will be channelled tothe retention pond (7) and filtered using the wetlandfiltrationsystem. As a result, the recycling of grey water through wetland filtering will lower the building's overall water use.

WATER CONSUMPTION CALCULATION

For Community Centers

Of Rainwater Harvesting System

• 1000litre per 100sqm

• 10litre per 1 sqm

• Net floorarea: 8021sqm

• Total water usage (day)=

• 8021 x 10 = 80210litre or 80 21m3 per day

• Total water usage (month)=

• 80.21 m3x 30 days = 2406.3m3 permonth

SustainabilityFeatures

Water Consumption Calculation

• Watertank unit size =1.5x1.5x1.5=3.375m3/tank

• Total no. of domestic water tank needed =

• 80 21m3/3.375m3= 24 unitof tanks

RAINWATER HARVESTING

CALCULATION

Rainwater Harvesting Calculation SustainabilityFeatures

RoofArea =6854 sqm

Precipitation permonth =300mm Thus, 6854 sqm x0.3m/month =2056.2m3/month

Assumingfiltration& condensation efficiency at60%

Total harvested consumable water = 2056.2m3/month x60%=1233.72m3/month

Total water usage (month)= 80.21m3x30days=2406.3m3/month

Net water consumption from domestic water = Estimated water usage–harvestedrainwater =2406.3m3/month –1.233.72m3/month = 1172.58m3/month

Total offsetfor water consumption in %= 1223.72/2406.3x100%= 50.9%

UNDERSTANDING

of Low Carbon Building (LCB)

Innovative Solution Towards Low Carbon Building SustainabilityFeatures

Low carbon buildings (LCB) are structures that are designedand built to emit relatively little carbonoverthe course of their lives. Buildings account for 38 percent of all GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions.LCBs are buildings that are specifically designedto reduce GHG emissions.A LCB, by definition, is a structure thatemits much less GHG than a standard structure.

Low-carbonbuildingis similar to the traditional green building approach, which encourages the adoptionof greentechnology and green behavioursin order to reduce environmentaldeterioration The low carbon constructionemploys carbon as a metric for 'quantitative' references, ratherthanpoints,to analyse the actual environmentalimpact.

BUILDING MATERIALS & EQUIPMENT

Innovative Solution Towards Low Carbon Building SustainabilityFeatures

AUTOCLAVEDAERATED CONCRETE

AAC isa oneof the mainbuildingmaterial used for the development.Advantages of AAC block are (1) lightweight. It is very easy to install as the block is light compared to conventionalred clay brick or cement brick.(2) Eco-friendly,as it is producing less carbon emissionduring manufacturing till assembling. It isas also (3) cheap compared toother bricks in the market. It can be used as(4) acoustic block asit reduces the soundpenetration

CROSS LAMINATEDTIMBER (CLT)

CLT isastructurally soundmanufacturedwood product withminimal environmental effect (where sustainably sourced timber is used). It can enable dry, quick onsiteconstruction with strong airtightness potentialand a solid wall andfloor structure suited for mostinteriorand exterior finishes.

A few spacesin the development are using CLT to mimic the villagevibes andbring in the essence of village. It also to provide better environment quality and thermal comfortfor the spaces as per programs in that space.

BUILDING MATERIALS & EQUIPMENT

Innovative Solution Towards Low Carbon Building SustainabilityFeatures

LOW E-GLASS DOUBLEGLAZING

Malaysiaisa tropicalcountry with wet and dry seasons happening throughout the year. The temperature canachieve up to 34 degrees Celsius. Low E-glass isvery useful and suitable for the building asit reduces the heat penetration and makes the room chilly Double glazing acts as noise cancellation from outside to inside and viceversa.

ZERO VOC PAINT

VOC emission through paint cancaused indoor air quality become worse Even though it has been there for 5years, but VOC still emit from the paint. Thus, Zero VOC paint is used forindoorandoutdoor envelope to minimise the air pollution.

5-STAR RATED ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

Using star-rated electrical appliances helps to reduce the daily energy consumption. Someof the appliances areengineered to reduce the carbon emission during the usage to achieve netzerocarbonand reduce greenhouse gasesemission tothe air.

LEDLIGHT BULB

LED is much cheaper compared with other typeof light such as incandescent, halogen andCFL It uses less powerduring the usage while giving the same coveragearea with other light bulbs. LED light bulb has longerrated life span compares tothe other It can achieve up to 80% cost savingwhenusing LED light bulb.

Innovative Solution Towards Low Carbon Building SustainabilityFeatures

PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES

Calculation

BUILDINGORIENTATION

Watt

by

Simple way to reduce heatgain from solaris to oriented the long building facades towardsnorth south andshorter facadestowardseast–west orientation. The longer façadewill not receive directsunlightso the heatgainwill be minimised.

NATURALVENTILATION

In general, a building's internalroomsconsume the majorityof its energy to cool and ventilate. Air conditioningappears to be themost popular method of achieving thermal comfort inMalaysia, where the temperature is hotand humid.Passive cooling is used in this project, with cross ventilation taken intoaccount to ensure the users' thermal comfort

COURTYARD

In general, a building's internalroomsconsume the majorityof its energy to cool and ventilate. Air conditioningappears to be themost popular method of achieving thermal comfort inMalaysia, where the temperature is hotand humid.Passive cooling is used in this project, with cross ventilation taken intoaccount to ensure the users' thermal comfort.

JUNE SOLTICE

CHAPTER TEN; BUILDING SERVICES

TNB & Electrical Riser Water Distribution System

BuildingServices Building Services

Vertical Transportation Rainwater Harvesting System Refuse Chamber

In this development, TNB double chamber is used to cater the large amount of electrical usage. The chamber includes transformer room, while switch room and genset room is located adjacent to the chamber. The electric power will be controlled by the control panel in the security control room.

MDF room is located at the basement floor. Electrical riser, ELV riser, are located at every floor of both community center and accommodation building.

Water is channeled from the existing main water pipe located on Jalan TTDI Grove. The water is then stored in the main domestic cold water tank at the basement floor.

The water is then channeled to the separated and designated small water tank at the roof level of community center and accommodation building.

There are 9 natural ventilated staircases used in the development. The staircase is made up of steel with laminated timber finishes of the thread. The location of staircases meets the BOMBA travel distance requirement.

There are 2 passenger lifts and 1 service lift used in the development. Hydraulic lift system is used as it is safer, and no core needed.

Rainwater will be collected on the roof and for the community center, it will be channeled to the central pond. Central pond created in the development acts as wetland filtration system that will filtrate dirt before and neutralized the water before going to storage underground.

Another way of collecting rainwater; the water will be collected direct to the RWH tanks located at the back of the kitchen storage. This water will be directly used for landscape irrigation.

Rainwater collected from roof of accommodation building will be stored in the RWH tank located underground of the central green park. The water will be used as flushing, irrigation for the rooftop farming and tap water after filtration process.

There is one main refuse chamber in this development. The refuse chamber is located at the vendor and eatery zone to ease the process. Designated pathway using landscape as visual barrier is proposed.

The size of refuse chamber is calculated precisely to cater the amount of waste from the active activities such as restaurant, eatery zone, workshops, classrooms, dormitories.

The dump collection will be done every day based on the schedule by MPKj.

BOMBARequirement

Purpose Group, Means of Escape

Purpose Group

According to By law 134, purpose group categories building or compartments within a building in accordance with their uses/intended usage or the dominant use. The intended use or occupancy (PurposeGroup) of a building or part of a building is a fundamental consideration of the relevant section of UBBL in establishing minimum standards that need to be complied in order to achieve a satisfactory level of live safety of the users.

The Fifth Schedule (Designation of Purpose Groups) in the UBBL lists therespective usage description of each Purpose Group designation Hence, for this development, it will be separated bytwopurpose groupsaccording to the functionsince the developmentcomprised of twobuildingtypology The communitycenter willfall under groupplaceofassembly while the accommodation will baseon the group III (other residential)

Means of Escape

Means of Escape is to direct ashortest route to place of safety, such as outside the building, or if still within a building, a protected or isolated passageway, stairs or refuge areas which lead to the outside of the building.

Generally, Means of Escape consist of two parts:

(a) Unprotected areas, leading direct to exit

(b) Protected areas, leading to exit

Number of Proposed Group

Descriptive Title

Purpose of which compartments is intended to be used

Unprotected areas forming escape routes are to be limited in distance to minimize exposure to smoke and fire, and the basis ofthe limits of ‘travel distance’ According to By law 165(4), the maximum travel distances to exists and dead end limits should as specify in the Seventh Schedule of UBBL.

According to Seventh Schedule (Maximum Travel Distance), the proposed project isfall under place of assembly group with the maximum travel distance as shown in the table below:

vii

Place of assembly

Community Centre

Place, whether public or private, used for the attendance of persons for orin connection with their social, recreational,educational,businessorother activities, andnot comprisedwithingroupI orIV

iii Other Residential Dormitories

Accommodation for residential purpose other than any premises comprised in group I and II

The Purpose Group designation arrived in turn becomes the basis for checkingcompliance with the Sixth Schedule (Permitted Limits of Unprotected Opening), the SeventhSchedule (Maximum Travel Distances), the Eight Schedule (Restriction of Spread of Flame over Walls and Ceilings), the Ninth Schedule (Limits of Compartments and Minimum Period of Fire Resistance) and the Tenth Schedule (Requirement for Fire Extinguishment, Alarm Systems and Emergency Lighting) contained in UBBL

BOMBARequirement

Means of Escape, Escape Staircase

However, the classroom will be following the institutional requirement. the measurements of travelling distance to the exits in the MIMIC which consider are dead end limit and sprinklered.

Escape Staircase

In this building, allstaircases are naturallyventilatedand the locations of all these staircases are following the BOMBA RequirementFire Safety Measures For CommunityCentre area, since the building is not exceeding 18 meter above ground level,fire protectedlobby is not required The travel distanceof each spacecompliesto the 7th Scheduleof UBBL

For accommodation, 3 staircases have been located at every side The location of these staircases are in accordancewith the travel distance of each dormitoryunit The 4-storeysaccommodation has not exceeded 18 meter in height from theground level Thus, fire protectedlobby is not required in this development

Community Center DormitoryClassroom

BOMBARequirement

Hydrant, Assembly Area, Travel Distance

Fire Hydrant

Location of firehydrant issituatedalong theperimeter of the site.A totalof 5 newhydrantshavebeen located along theperimeter of site together with 1 existing firehydrant along Jalan TTDI Grove,obeys to theperimeter distance of90 meterfrom one hydrant to anotherhydrant. The location of hydrants is shown in the ground floorplanwith red“H” mark.

Assembly Area

3 locationsofopenspace havebeen designatedtobecomeanassembly area for evacuationpurpose

Travel Distance

For all purposegroup, travel distance is compliedto BOMBA Requirement asfollowing SeventhSchedule The highestvalue of dead end limit for dormitoryis 10 meter., whichisnot exceed 30 meter of un sprinkled exits

Dormitory Other Residential

Classroom Institutional

BOMBARequirement

Fire Appliances Access, Active Fire Fighting Appliances

Fire Appliances Access

Vehicular access to the exterior of a building is needed to enable high reach appliances to be used & to enable pumping appliances to supply water & equipment for firefighting & rescue activities.

In planning the vehicular/appliance access, consideration should be given to the design of the hard standing/access road in relation to the buildingwith respects to features such as overhangs, canopies, turning radius and other obstruction to thefree operation of the firefighting appliances

By law 140. all buildings more than 7000 cubic meters shall abut upon a street or road or open space of not less than 12 meters width and accessible to fire brigade appliances. Seems the volume of the project fall under 28000 to 56000 cubic meters only, therefore minimum proportion of perimeter of building is one fourth.

Active Fire Fighting Appliances

Occupancy Hazard Extinguish ment system Fire Alarm Emergency Lighting

III Other Residential

2. Hotels and Dormitories (c) 3 storeys 10 storeys

VII Place of Assembly

1. Class A and B below the level of exit discharge

Hose reel

Automatic Fire Detectors System & Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System

Signal point units

Automatic Sprinkler & Hose Reel

Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System

Central Battery

Active Fire Fighting Appliances

A- Automatic Sprinklers

G- Hose Reel which categorizedin the Extinguishing System Note 2.

BOMBARequirement

Active Fire Fighting Appliances

Portable fire extinguishers are elementary firefighting equipment intended for first aid firefighting during the initial outbreak of fire incident to prevent escalation into a full scale fire. Portable fire extinguisher should be suitably selected for thetype of fire in accordance with the classification and the fire size and sited in suitable locations near the potential fire hazards.

Under the UBBL 1984, the requirement for fire extinguishers is stipulated under By law 227 Generally, portable fire extinguishers are located along exit routes beside exit door and stair Generally, any occupant should not need travel more than 15m to reach a fire extinguisher

Portable fire extinguishers of the carbon dioxide type should be installed in all electricalrooms, fire pump rooms and lift motor rooms Dry powder type of portable extinguishershould be installed in storerooms

Note 3:

2- Manual Electrical FireAlarm System.

Hose reel system is intended for the occupant to use during the early stages of fire and comprises hose reel pumps, fire water tank, hose reels, pipe work and valves. The hose reelsystem generally serves asan initialfirefighting aid.

When the hose reel is brought into use the pressure in the pipe immediately downstream of the pump check valves will drops below the field adjusted pressure setting of the pressure switch thereby triggering the pump to come into operation automatically to feed a steady supply of water to discharge through the hose Firefighting hose reel is the part which can be easily accessible

The fire hose reel outlets should be properly housed in glass fronted cabinet secured under lock and key Hose reels are usually placed such thatall areas are within 30 meters hose coverage of each hose reel One hose reel should be provided for every 800 sq m of usable floor space

CHAPTER ELEVEN; BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

BuildingStructure

Material and Construction Method

Materia ls and Co nstructionMet hod

Foundation System

There are 3 type offoundation are suitable for this projectproposal. Theyare:

(i) Deep foundation

Deep foundationis used along theretainingwall of basementthat the ground pressure This type of foundation ismade of cast in situ concrete andthe thickness is 250 mm for every columnon site

(ii) Retaining wall

Retainingwall was applied for the basement It is made from in situ reinforced concrete Thicknesses of the retaining wallare from the range of 300mmto 1000mm The perimeter of the retaining walls arerequired with waterproofing andprovided draintile system 200mm diameter perforatedPVC drainpipeis providedaround retaining walls perimeter to preventground water flow

(iii) PileFoundation

Pile foundationis a kindof deep foundation It isactually a slender columnor longcylinder made of materials such as concreteor steel which areused to support the structure and transfer the load at desired depth either by endbearing or skin friction Pile foundations aredeep foundationsand suitableto usebecause the soilcondition atsiteisclassifiedas soft ground

BuildingStructure

Material and Construction Method

Column and Beam System

The structures used in the proposal are concrete columns and beams arranged in frame structure form This simple type of system carries and transfers the dead and live load from the horizontal beam to the columns and down to the foundation The grid frame structure is 8.0mx8.0m for the basement The column then extruded to the ground floorlevel. No transfer column or beam is involved in this construction.A few spaces such asrestaurant, cooking workshop, interactive library and classrooms are using timber column and beam, which islocatedat the first floor level. The clearance height for ground floor and first floor is 4.6 m, the other floor is 3.4m. The size of column used is 300mm x 600mm The lift and staircase core also does not count as the structural member of the building as it not carries the load The conventionalcolumn and beam construction are then combined with IBS prefabricated modules and forming a hybrid construction

Materials and Finishes

Several different types of materialsand finishes have been appliedinthedesign of this Social Homogenizing Hub proposal The typeof material and finishes availabledepends on the activities and the intention for instance; retails, parking, offices, and unithouses

For instance, timberplank floor finishis used at therestaurantwhichis located on the first floor It is important to choose the right materials since theit playrole to meet the user comfort level so that the designproposal canachieve theoveralldesign aimand objective Painted rough concrete finish is used for most of thebuildingenvelopeand mixed with bare concretecolumns and beams.A few walls are made up of clay bricks and left untouched andbecome theinstagrammablespotwith landscapeas decorative elements

The usage of timber inthedesign isto mimic and to value thevillagevibes that is become one of the architectural language andapproach Timber columns and beams served the natural lookand colored thesurroundingandenvironment of the space It enliventhe space and harmonized the mixture of materials

BuildingStructure

SOLAR PANEL

100MM X 300MM TIMBER BEAM FIXED TO ARCH’S DETAIL

100MM X 300MM TIMBER COLUMN FIXED TO RC BEAM

WALL PLATE

RC BEAM TO ENGR’S DETAIL

TERRACOTTA TILE ROOF SHINGLES TO ARCH’S SELECTION

10MM THK ROOF INSULATION TO SELECTION

30MM THK TIMBER PLANK CEILING TO ARCH’S SELECTION

250MM X 100MM TIMBER RAFTER AT 2000MM C/C

50MM X 50 MM TIMBER PURLIN AT 300MM C/C

150MM X 150MM TIMBER COLUMN FIXED TO RC BEAM

2700MM HIGH DOUBLE GLAZEDWINDOW TO ARCH’S SPEC

1200MM HIGHTIMBERRAILINGWITHHINGED SEATINGTO ARCH’S DETAIL

250MM THK HOLLOWCORE RC FLOOR SLAB TO ENGR’S DETAIL

200MM THK RC FLOOR SLAB TO ENGR’S DETAIL

200MM X 100MM TIMBER FLOOR JOIST

450MM X 200MM RC BEAM TO ENGR’S DETAIL

1400MM HIGH DOUBLE GLAZE FIXED WINDOW TO ARCH SELECTION

550MM X 550MM RC COLUMN TO ENGR’S DETAIL

200MM THK RC SLAB TO ENGR’S DETAIL

800MM WIDTH RC PLANTER BOX

RC RAINWATER DRAINAGE TO ENGR’S SPEC.

TIMBER BEAM CONNECTION DETAIL

BuildingStructure

up Detail

HINGED SEATING RAILING DETAIL

TIMBER COLUMN TO RC COLUMN/BEAM DETAIL

TIMBER FLOOR DETAIL

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