Birth /bərTH/ the emergence of a baby or other young from the body of its mother; the start of life as a physically separate being.
vol.1 Birth
MARCH 2022
Editor's Letter
Hello, we are <LATIN> magazine. We are a student-led magazine based in NLCS jeju, focusing on Roman culture and life. Our magazines will be mainly composed of a publication per school term with this year’s cycle being birth, revolution, death, and repetition in the respective order. Through this, we are aiming to paint Latin in a more modern light and help kindle students’ passion for the language. Lastly, I would like to thank Ms. Baird and Ms. Coll who helped me develop this magazine from a mere thought in a casual conversation to what it is now. Thank you all for your support and I hope you are looking forward to the next issue. Roy(Jaehoon) Song
Ms. Sandra Coll, Ms. Margaret Baird / Supervisor Roy(Jaehoon)Song / Editor in Chief Latin Society / Editor Mr. Adam Yates / Guest Writer
www.issuu/nlcslatin.com
Table of Contents 01
06
Foreword
Guest Writer
Greetings from the team
Teachers and students on passionate Latin-related subjects.
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Art The Birth of Minerva by René-Antoine Houasse
02
07
Mythology
Latin
The Creation of the New Order
Society Interview with Chair, Raeeun Lee
05
03
History The Founding of Rome
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Recommend
Roman
ations
Greek Greats
Latin-related literature and media recommendations
Emperor Hadrian
Foreword
Ms.Margaret Baird SALVETE! I am really pleased that Roy has taken the initiative to share his enthusiasm for the classical world. There really is something for everyone in Classics: language, literature, art, philosophy, drama, archaeology. My favourite Latin poet is Ovid who wrote playful and also clever poetry, which has inspired many artists. I also enjoy reading and watching Greek Tragedy and Comedy. I hope you find something that you enjoy!
Ms. Sandra Coll SALVETE OMNES! I am very proud to have taught Roy and to see him develop his passion for Latin in this dynamic way. He wants to share this passion with you and I hope you will support this initiative by reading and enjoying the magazine. I grew up near Arbeia Roman fort and our school trips were to Hadrian’s Wall, the most northerly frontier of the Roman Empire, inspiring my lifelong love of all things Roman.
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LATIN / forword
vol.1
Birth. Birth /bərTH/ the emergence of a baby or other young from the body of its mother; the start of life as a physically separate being.
Many people see Latin as a dead language. However, Latin continues to prove its relevance to this day, having given birth to 47 new languages used worldwide Continuing with the theme of birth, the first entry into the Latin magazine series is entitled birth and will further explore the theme of birth throughout mythology, history, art, etc.
Mythology
The Creation of the New order According to the Romans, the creation of the world we live in began when Uranos and Gaea, the embodiments of the sky and earth, respectively, gave birth to multiple beings. The "perfect" children were named the 'titans' and were designated to rule the universe out of their children. The other, less perfect ones were disowned and exiled by Uranos. Enraged by this, Gaea creates the scythe and challenges one of the titans to step up and kill Uranos with the weapon.
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While all the titans are unwilling to confront Uranos, Saturn, the youngest titan, accepts Gaea's request and bests Uranos via castration. With the throne now empty, Kronos crowns himself king of the universe and assigns his brethren to different portions of the world.
Roy(Jaehoon) Song
LATIN / mythology
Saturn eventually decides to have children of his own and impregnates Rhea, his wife. All is well until Saturn receives a prophecy stating that one of his children will murder and overthrow him. After hearing this, Saturn starts swallowing his children whole after Rhea gives birth. Saturn devours multiple children despite Rhea's protest, and Rhea eventually turns on Saturn to save their last child. Rhea deceives Saturn by feeding him a large swaddled rock while telling him that it was their child and sent the actual infant to a faraway land to be raised by nymphs*. The child grows to become Jupiter and starts a journey to take vengeance for his devoured siblings. Jupiter locates his father and shows up at his house, disguised as a guest for a party. In disguise, Jupiter poisons Saturn's drink causing him to regurgitate all of his devoured children. The children, being all-powerful beings, are all still alive, having developed into their mature forms in Saturn's stomach. Jupiter flees with his siblings and plots a war to overthrow the titans, along with their father. They join forces with Uranos's disowned children, including the hecatonchires* and the cyclops*, and after a decade of fierce battle, eventually defeat the titan forces. After their victory, the gods exile and imprison the noncompliant titans in Tartarus*, appointing the hecatoncheires to guard them whilst the other titans were tasked with either a role* or a punishment*. The gods also decide to represent a major aspect of the earth with Jupiter as their leader, fulfilling the prophecy and introducing the age of the Olympian gods.
LATIN / mythology
*Nymphs: female divinities associated with nature. *Hecatonchires: Abandoned children of Uranos and Gaea. Name means “hundred handed” with each of them having hundred hands and fifty heads growing from their shoulders. *Cyclops: Abandoned children of Uranos and Gaea. One eyed-giants, strong and skilled at forging weaponry. *Tartarus: Lowest part of the under worl d where Uranos exiled the hecatonchires and cyclops to. Later used by the gods to imprison the titans.
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History
THE FOUNDING OF ROME Roy(Jaehoon) Song
According to legend, the founding of Rome takes place decades after the creation of the gods and the new order. Romulus and Remus were the sons of Rhea Silvia, the daughter of King Numitor of Alba Longa*. Before the birth of the twins, Numitor was deposed by his younger brother Amulius, who forced Rhea to become a vestal virgin so that she would not give birth to rival claimants to his title. However, Rhea was impregnated by the war god Mars* and gave birth to Romulus and Remus. Amulius ordered the infants drowned in the Tiber* but they survived and washed ashore at the foot of the Palatine hill, where they were suckled by a she wolf until they were found by the shepherd Faustulus.
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LATIN / history
ROMULUS ET REMUS - LA DISPUTE
The twins matured to becomeleader s of a band of young shepherd warriors. After learning their true identity, they attacked Alba Longa, killed the wicked Amulius, and restored their grandfather to the throne. The twins then decided to found a town on the site where they had been saved as infants. They soon became involved in a petty quarrel, however, and Remus was slain by his brother. Romulus then became ruler of the settlement, which was named “Rome” after him.
*Alba Longa : An ancient Latin city in Central Italy *Mars : God of War and son of Jupiter and Juno. Also known as Ares *Tiber : The Tiber River is a historic river of Europe and the second longest Italian river after the Po
While the myth of Rome’s founding is intriguing, a more realistic and historical account would place the founding of Rome at around (c. 625 BC). Rome was founded at around 625 BC in regions of ancient Italy, known as Etruria and Latium.
LATIN / history
It is predicted that the city-state of Rome was initially formed by Latium villagers joining together with settlers from the surrounding hills in response to an Etruscan invasion; however, it is unclear whether they voluntarily came together in defense or as a result of being brought under the Etruscan rule. Archaeological evidence indicates that a great deal of change and unification took place around 600 BC, which likely led to the establishment of Rome as a ‘true city’.
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Birth of Minerva, by René-Antoine Houasse (c. 1645–1710) This painting, created by the French artist René-Antoine Houasse (c. 1645–1710), depicts the origin story of a prominent member of the Greco-Roman pantheon of gods.
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LATIN / Art
Art
LATIN / Art
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In the upper-center section of the painting, shown with her foot lodged in the head of Jupiter/Zeus, is the goddess who was called Minerva by the Romans. Therefore, Zeus used a trick from his tyrannical father(Saturn)’s playbook and decided to swallow Metis before she The peculiar circumstances behind
could deliver her children. Nevertheless,
this scene can be traced back to ancient
being trapped inside the god’s gut did
Greece,
not stop Metis from giving birth to
in writings concerning Minerva’s Greek
Athena.
equivalent, Athena. Athena’s bizarre
According to myth, and depicted in
birth was told by the poet Hesiod (c. 8th
the painting, Athena grew up strong
century BCE), who wrote,
and powerful, despite her constricted
“Zeus as king of the gods made Metis his first wife, the wisest among gods and mortal men. But when she was
environment. In time, she became strong enough to dramatically burst from Zeus’ head.
about to give birth to pale-eyed Athene,
On this awkward occurrence for Zeus,
he tricked her deceitfully with cunning
Hesiod wrote, “out of his head, he
words and put her away in his belly...”
fathered pale-eyed Athena, the fearsome
Zeus’ odd cannibalism of Metis was
rouser of the fray, leader of armies, the
said to have occurred after he was told
lady Atrytone, whose pleasure is in war
of a prophecy that Metis’ children would
and the clamour of battle”
overthrow him.
Such is the scene that René-Antoine Houasse re-created in the painting above.
www.thehistorianshut.com
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LATIN / Art
Recommendation
Latin Book / Poem Recommendation
The Aeneid
Aeneid is a Latin epic poem written from about 30 to 19 BCE by the Roman poet Virgil. Composed in hexameters, about 60 lines of which were left unfinished at his death, the Aeneid incorporates the various legends of Aeneas and makes him the founder of Roman greatness. The work is organized into 12 books and relates the story of the legendary founding of Lavinium (parent town of Alba Longa and of Rome).
LATIN / Recommendations
Latin Movie / Series Recommendation
Ben Hur(1959)
Ben Hur(1959) is a classic film, which was remade in 2016, itself a remake of a 1925 silent film. It tells the story of Judah Ben-Hur (Charlton Heston), a Jewish prince forced into Roman slavery who becomes a champion charioteer and swears revenge on Roman citizen Messala (Stephen Boyd), who has greatly wronged him.
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Guest Writer
The language of Science. Mr.Adam Yates In 1735, Carolus Linnaeus
From around 1300 the
One of the most wonderful
published his work on
universa l lang uage of
and entertaining aspects
biological classification titled
communication bet ween
of the use of Latin in
S y s tem a Nat u r ae a nd a
scientists in western Europe
Biology is in the translation
key component of his work
was Latin. When scientists
and inter pretation of
wa s t he int roduc t ion of
would write papers in their
those binomial names in
Binomial Nomenclature. His
own language, such as when
classification.
classification system labeled
Galileo wrote his paper on
Rather than simply using
organisms by the Genus and
astrophysics in his native
the names of Scientists that
species, and much of this
Italian, it would often be
make discover ies, using
language is commonplace
translated into Latin so more
Latin allows for a descriptive
today such as the term Homo
scientists could read it.
element in the name.
sapien meaning wise man.
As Latin has become less
However, Linnaeus based
popular as a subject to study
binomial nomenclature on the
in Europe, so has the use of
work of Gaspard Bauhin and
Latin in science but thanks to
specifically his publication
those discoveries and systems
Pinax theatri botanici which
cr e ate d long a go, L at i n
came long before in 1623.
nomenclature in science still
The use of Latin in Biological
remains.
Consider the following;
sciences, and science in general is a long standing tradition that continues to this day, but why?
o M o l hc o h rridus - t‘ erribe l o g d’ t‘ o h rny or o h rribe l ’ o C o m ne ma n - o hT rny e D vil o lgy hc a T ssus u ca e l ta us - u q ‘ ick tonu g e’ e ‘ u q ipe p d with spie n s’ o C o m ne man - ip S y n tna eater
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LATIN / Guest Writer
Bonu s fac t! The spi ny
A nother common use of
Finding the meanings of full
anteater’s other name is
Latin in Biology occurs in
words or parts of words really
the echidna and they are a
the formation of prefixes
helps w ith remembering
very rare type of mammal
and suffixes for scientific
key vocabulary and helps to
that lays eggs known as a
vo c a bu l a r y. He r e a r e a
understand what the words
monotreme.
few ex a mple s you may
represent. Latin never dies in
recognise;
science
Echidna comes from the name of an animal from Greek mythology that was half woman and half snake - half mammal and half reptile!
Co- ‘together’ - coordination, coenzyme, communication Inter- ‘between or among’ - intercellular, integration Trans - ‘across, beyond or through’ - transport, translocation, transpiration -ation - forming nouns from verbs - respiration, automation, mastication -ify - forming nouns from adjectives - acidify, purify and spotify!
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Latin Society
Chair, Raeeun Lee
Q1. What are some of the things the Latin society does? We plan to look, discuss, and do various activities about Latin language, literature as well as ancient Roman/Greek lives, Mythology, and etc… Currently, we are looking at Greek myths and doing activities related to it. Q2. A lot of people know latin as a “dead language”, what are some of the benefits of studying Latin? There are various reasons why learning Latin is beneficial. Firstly, words and languages are shaped by the culture, history, and etc… By studying Latin (an ancient language), you would be introduced to many interesting concepts and how the etymology of each term (used both in our daily lives and other specific academic fields) has been molded over time. This might help you when learning some languages or vocabularies. For example, many Romance languages such as Italian, French, and Portuguese are derived from Latin as well as several English
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vocabularies. Also, many terms used in the field of medicine, biology, or law are from Latin. Secondly, you might want to learn Latin if you are interested in the lives or the histories of ancient Rome. This is because, on some occasions there are no real English translations of Latin words like forum and comitium. Moreover, this will help you to understand classical literature such as Aeneid by Virigil since reading only the translation might give you a limited view about Virgil’s idea. Q3. What is the direction the Latin Society is planning to take in the future? We are going to continue to do things about Latin language, literature, ancient Roman lives, Mythology, and any aspect linked with Latin and Classics. Q4. Can you add a few words of congratulations to the Latin magazine that is being launched? Congratulations on the launch of Latin Magazine - it seems like a great Magazine! I think our school needed a magazine like it for a while and the launch is certainly a milestone. I look forward to reading the magazine and I wish you the best of luck. Once again congratulations!!
LATIN / Latin Society
Roman/Greek Greats
Emperor Hadrian Born of ethnic Italian parentage, Publius Aelius Hadrianus became Empe ror of Rome between 117 and 138 AD. Prior to Traj an’s death, Trajan’s wife declared Hadrian, the next emperor. Historians believe that Trajan had never officially declared him as his heir apparent. As emperor, Hadrian visited almost all the pro
vinces under his rule, thus connecting to the locals hands-on. Because of his admiration for Gre ece, he endeavored to revive Greek architecture to its former glory. Hadrian rebuilt the Pant heon. He was also involve d in the Temple of Venus and Roma and Hadrian’s Wall. The wall marked the northern boundary of Roman Britain. Desiring to have an army that is always ready for battle,
LATIN / Roman / Greek Greats
Hadrian spent a great deal of his reign with his soldiers. He usually donned military apparel and many times was found eating together with his soldiers. He was known to raise false alarms sometimes to test the army’s alertnes s and readiness in cases of a surprise enemy attac k. Due to his great efforts and reputation as an exc ellent military administr ator, very few crises and
major conflicts occurred during his reign. The only exception worth noting was the Second RomanJewish war, which he handled very cleverly.
www.britannica.com
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omnium rerum principia parva sunt “The beginning of all things are small” - Marcus Tullius Cicero -