NLCS Jeju Latin&Classics Vol.1

Birth /bərTH/ the emergence of a baby or other young from the body of its mother; the start of life as a physically separate being.

vol.1 Birth

MARCH 2022

Editor's Letter

Hello, we are <LATIN> magazine.

We are a student-led magazine based in NLCS jeju, focusing on Roman culture and life. Our magazines will be mainly composed of a publication per school term with this year’s cycle being birth, revolution, death, and repetition in the respective order. Through this, we are aiming to paint Latin in a more modern light and help kindle students’ passion for the language.

Lastly, I would like to thank Ms. Baird and Ms. Coll who helped me develop this magazine from a mere thought in a casual conversation to what it is now.

Thank you all for your support and I hope you are looking forward to the next issue.

Roy(Jaehoon) Song

Ms. Sandra Coll, Ms. Margaret Baird / Supervisor Roy(Jaehoon)Song / Editor in Chief Latin Society / Editor Mr. Adam Yates / Guest Writer

www.issuu/nlcslatin.com

Table of Contents 01

06

Foreword

Guest Writer

Greetings from the team

Teachers and students on passionate Latin-related subjects.

04

Art The Birth of Minerva by René-Antoine Houasse

02

07

Mythology

Latin

The Creation of the New Order

Society Interview with Chair, Raeeun Lee

05

03

History The Founding of Rome

08

Recommend

Roman

ations

Greek Greats

Latin-related literature and media recommendations

Emperor Hadrian

Foreword

Ms.Margaret Baird SALVETE! I am really pleased that Roy has taken the initiative to share his enthusiasm for the classical world. There really is something for everyone in Classics: language, literature, art, philosophy, drama, archaeology. My favourite Latin poet is Ovid who wrote playful and also clever poetry, which has inspired many artists. I also enjoy reading and watching Greek Tragedy and Comedy. I hope you find something that you enjoy!

Ms. Sandra Coll SALVETE OMNES! I am very proud to have taught Roy and to see him develop his passion for Latin in this dynamic way. He wants to share this passion with you and I hope you will support this initiative by reading and enjoying the magazine. I grew up near Arbeia Roman fort and our school trips were to Hadrian’s Wall, the most northerly frontier of the Roman Empire, inspiring my lifelong love of all things Roman.

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LATIN / forword

vol.1

Birth.

Birth /bərTH/ the emergence of a baby or other young from the body of its mother; the start of life as a physically separate being.

Many people see Latin as a dead language. However, Latin continues to prove its relevance to this day, having given birth to 47 new languages used worldwide Continuing with the theme of birth, the first entry into the Latin magazine series is entitled birth and will further explore the theme of birth throughout mythology, history, art, etc.

Mythology

The Creation of the New order According to the Romans, the creation of the world we live in began when Uranos and Gaea, the embodiments of the sky and earth, respectively, gave birth to multiple beings.

The "perfect" children were named the 'titans' and were designated to rule the universe out of their children. The other, less perfect ones were disowned and exiled by Uranos. Enraged by this, Gaea creates the scythe and challenges one of the titans to step up and kill Uranos with the weapon.

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While all the titans are unwilling to confront Uranos, Saturn, the youngest titan, accepts Gaea's request and bests Uranos via castration.

With the throne now empty, Kronos crowns himself king of the universe and assigns his brethren to different portions of the world.

Roy(Jaehoon) Song

LATIN / mythology

Saturn eventually decides to have children of his own and impregnates Rhea, his wife. All is well until Saturn receives a prophecy stating that one of his children will murder and overthrow him. After hearing this, Saturn starts swallowing his children whole after Rhea gives birth.

Saturn devours multiple children despite Rhea's protest, and Rhea eventually turns on Saturn to save their last child. Rhea deceives Saturn by feeding him a large swaddled rock while telling him that it was their child and sent the actual infant to a faraway land to be raised by nymphs*.

The child grows to become Jupiter and starts a journey to take vengeance for his devoured siblings. Jupiter locates his father and shows up at his house, disguised as a guest for a party.

In disguise, Jupiter poisons Saturn's drink causing him to regurgitate all of his devoured children.

The children, being all-powerful beings, are all still alive, having developed into their mature forms in Saturn's stomach.

Jupiter flees with his siblings and plots a war to overthrow the titans, along with their father. They join forces with Uranos's disowned children, including the hecatonchires* and the cyclops*, and after a decade of fierce battle, eventually defeat the titan forces. After their victory, the gods exile and imprison the noncompliant titans in Tartarus*, appointing the hecatoncheires to guard them whilst the other titans were tasked with either a role* or a punishment*. The gods also decide to represent a major aspect of the earth with Jupiter as their leader, fulfilling the prophecy and introducing the age of the Olympian gods.

LATIN / mythology

*Nymphs: female divinities associated with nature. *Hecatonchires: Abandoned children of Uranos and Gaea.

Name means “hundred handed” with each of them having hundred hands and fifty heads growing from their shoulders. *Cyclops: Abandoned children of Uranos and Gaea. One eyed-giants, strong and skilled at forging weaponry. *Tartarus: Lowest part of the under worl d where Uranos exiled the hecatonchires and cyclops to. Later used by the gods to imprison the titans.

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History

THE FOUNDING OF ROME Roy(Jaehoon) Song

According to legend, the founding of Rome takes place decades after the creation of the gods and the new order. Romulus and Remus were the sons of Rhea Silvia, the daughter of King Numitor of Alba Longa*. Before the birth of the twins, Numitor was deposed by his younger brother Amulius, who forced Rhea to become a vestal virgin so that she would not give birth to rival claimants to his title. However, Rhea was impregnated by the war god Mars* and gave birth to Romulus and Remus. Amulius ordered the infants drowned in the Tiber* but they survived and washed ashore at the foot of the Palatine hill, where they were suckled by a she wolf until they were found by the shepherd Faustulus.

07

LATIN / history

ROMULUS ET REMUS - LA DISPUTE

The twins matured to becomeleader s of a band of young shepherd warriors. After learning their true identity, they attacked Alba Longa, killed the wicked Amulius, and restored their grandfather to the throne.

The twins then decided to found a town on the site where they had been saved as infants.

They soon became involved in a petty quarrel, however, and Remus was slain by his brother.

Romulus then became ruler of the settlement, which was named “Rome” after him.

*Alba Longa : An ancient Latin city in Central Italy *Mars : God of War and son of Jupiter and Juno.

Also known as Ares *Tiber : The Tiber River is a historic river of Europe and the second longest Italian river after the Po

While the myth of Rome’s founding is intriguing, a more realistic and historical account would place the founding of Rome at around (c. 625 BC). Rome was founded at around 625 BC in regions of ancient Italy, known as Etruria and Latium.

LATIN / history

It is predicted that the city-state of Rome was initially formed by Latium villagers joining together with settlers from the surrounding hills in response to an Etruscan invasion; however, it is unclear whether they voluntarily came together in defense or as a result of being brought under the Etruscan rule. Archaeological evidence indicates that a great deal of change and unification took place around 600 BC, which likely led to the establishment of Rome as a ‘true city’.

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Birth of Minerva,

by René-Antoine Houasse (c. 1645–1710) This painting, created by the French artist René-Antoine Houasse (c. 1645–1710), depicts the origin story of a prominent member of the Greco-Roman pantheon of gods.

09

LATIN / Art

Art

LATIN / Art

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In the upper-center section of the painting, shown with her foot lodged in the head of Jupiter/Zeus, is the goddess who was called Minerva by the Romans.

Therefore, Zeus used a trick from his tyrannical father(Saturn)’s playbook and decided to swallow Metis before she The peculiar circumstances behind

could deliver her children. Nevertheless,

this scene can be traced back to ancient

being trapped inside the god’s gut did

Greece,

not stop Metis from giving birth to

in writings concerning Minerva’s Greek

Athena.

equivalent, Athena. Athena’s bizarre

According to myth, and depicted in

birth was told by the poet Hesiod (c. 8th

the painting, Athena grew up strong

century BCE), who wrote,

and powerful, despite her constricted

“Zeus as king of the gods made Metis his first wife, the wisest among gods and mortal men. But when she was

environment.

In time, she became strong enough to dramatically burst from Zeus’ head.

about to give birth to pale-eyed Athene,

On this awkward occurrence for Zeus,

he tricked her deceitfully with cunning

Hesiod wrote, “out of his head, he

words and put her away in his belly...”

fathered pale-eyed Athena, the fearsome

Zeus’ odd cannibalism of Metis was

rouser of the fray, leader of armies, the

said to have occurred after he was told

lady Atrytone, whose pleasure is in war

of a prophecy that Metis’ children would

and the clamour of battle”

overthrow him.

Such is the scene that René-Antoine Houasse re-created in the painting above.

www.thehistorianshut.com

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LATIN / Art

Recommendation

Latin Book / Poem Recommendation

The Aeneid

Aeneid is a Latin epic poem written from about 30 to 19 BCE by the Roman poet Virgil. Composed in hexameters, about 60 lines of which were left unfinished at his death, the Aeneid incorporates the various legends of Aeneas and makes him the founder of Roman greatness.

The work is organized into 12 books and relates the story of the legendary founding of Lavinium (parent town of Alba Longa and of Rome).

LATIN / Recommendations

Latin Movie / Series Recommendation

Ben Hur(1959)

Ben Hur(1959) is a classic film, which was remade in 2016, itself a remake of a 1925 silent film. It tells the story of Judah Ben-Hur (Charlton Heston), a Jewish prince forced into Roman slavery who becomes a champion charioteer and swears revenge on Roman citizen Messala (Stephen Boyd), who has greatly wronged him.

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Guest Writer

The language of Science.

Mr.Adam Yates In 1735, Carolus Linnaeus

From around 1300 the

One of the most wonderful

published his work on

universa l lang uage of

and entertaining aspects

biological classification titled

communication bet ween

of the use of Latin in

S y s tem a Nat u r ae a nd a

scientists in western Europe

Biology is in the translation

key component of his work

was Latin. When scientists

and inter pretation of

wa s t he int roduc t ion of

would write papers in their

those binomial names in

Binomial Nomenclature. His

own language, such as when

classification.

classification system labeled

Galileo wrote his paper on

Rather than simply using

organisms by the Genus and

astrophysics in his native

the names of Scientists that

species, and much of this

Italian, it would often be

make discover ies, using

language is commonplace

translated into Latin so more

Latin allows for a descriptive

today such as the term Homo

scientists could read it.

element in the name.

sapien meaning wise man.

As Latin has become less

However, Linnaeus based

popular as a subject to study

binomial nomenclature on the

in Europe, so has the use of

work of Gaspard Bauhin and

Latin in science but thanks to

specifically his publication

those discoveries and systems

Pinax theatri botanici which

cr e ate d long a go, L at i n

came long before in 1623.

nomenclature in science still

The use of Latin in Biological

remains.

Consider the following;

sciences, and science in general is a long standing tradition that continues to this day, but why?

o M o l hc o h rridus - t‘ erribe l o g d’ t‘ o h rny or o h rribe l ’ o C o m ne ma n - o hT rny e D vil o lgy hc a T ssus u ca e l ta us - u q ‘ ick tonu g e’ e ‘ u q ipe p d with spie n s’ o C o m ne man - ip S y n tna eater

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LATIN / Guest Writer

Bonu s fac t! The spi ny

A nother common use of

Finding the meanings of full

anteater’s other name is

Latin in Biology occurs in

words or parts of words really

the echidna and they are a

the formation of prefixes

helps w ith remembering

very rare type of mammal

and suffixes for scientific

key vocabulary and helps to

that lays eggs known as a

vo c a bu l a r y. He r e a r e a

understand what the words

monotreme.

few ex a mple s you may

represent. Latin never dies in

recognise;

science

Echidna comes from the name of an animal from Greek mythology that was half woman and half snake - half mammal and half reptile!

Co- ‘together’ - coordination, coenzyme, communication Inter- ‘between or among’ - intercellular, integration Trans - ‘across, beyond or through’ - transport, translocation, transpiration -ation - forming nouns from verbs - respiration, automation, mastication -ify - forming nouns from adjectives - acidify, purify and spotify!

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Latin Society

Chair, Raeeun Lee

Q1. What are some of the things the Latin society does?

We plan to look, discuss, and do various activities about Latin language, literature as well as ancient Roman/Greek lives, Mythology, and etc… Currently, we are looking at Greek myths and doing activities related to it.

Q2. A lot of people know latin as a “dead language”, what are some of the benefits of studying Latin?

There are various reasons why learning Latin is beneficial.

Firstly, words and languages are shaped by the culture, history, and etc… By studying Latin (an ancient language), you would be introduced to many interesting concepts and how the etymology of each term (used both in our daily lives and other specific academic fields) has been molded over time. This might help you when learning some languages or vocabularies.

For example, many Romance languages such as Italian, French, and Portuguese are derived from Latin as well as several English

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vocabularies. Also, many terms used in the field of medicine, biology, or law are from Latin.

Secondly, you might want to learn Latin if you are interested in the lives or the histories of ancient Rome. This is because, on some occasions there are no real English translations of Latin words like forum and comitium.

Moreover, this will help you to understand classical literature such as Aeneid by Virigil since reading only the translation might give you a limited view about Virgil’s idea.

Q3. What is the direction the Latin Society is planning to take in the future?

We are going to continue to do things about Latin language, literature, ancient Roman lives, Mythology, and any aspect linked with Latin and Classics.

Q4. Can you add a few words of congratulations to the Latin magazine that is being launched?

Congratulations on the launch of Latin Magazine - it seems like a great Magazine! I think our school needed a magazine like it for a while and the launch is certainly a milestone. I look forward to reading the magazine and I wish you the best of luck.

Once again congratulations!!

LATIN / Latin Society

Roman/Greek Greats

Emperor Hadrian Born of ethnic Italian parentage, Publius Aelius Hadrianus became Empe ror of Rome between 117 and 138 AD. Prior to Traj an’s death, Trajan’s wife declared Hadrian, the next emperor. Historians believe that Trajan had never officially declared him as his heir apparent.

As emperor, Hadrian visited almost all the pro

vinces under his rule, thus connecting to the locals hands-on. Because of his admiration for Gre ece, he endeavored to revive Greek architecture to its former glory.

Hadrian rebuilt the Pant heon. He was also involve d in the Temple of Venus and Roma and Hadrian’s Wall. The wall marked the northern boundary of Roman Britain. Desiring to have an army that is always ready for battle,

LATIN / Roman / Greek Greats

Hadrian spent a great deal of his reign with his soldiers. He usually donned military apparel and many times was found eating together with his soldiers.

He was known to raise false alarms sometimes to test the army’s alertnes s and readiness in cases of a surprise enemy attac k. Due to his great efforts and reputation as an exc ellent military administr ator, very few crises and

major conflicts occurred during his reign. The only exception worth noting was the Second RomanJewish war, which he handled very cleverly.

www.britannica.com

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omnium rerum principia parva sunt “The beginning of all things are small” - Marcus Tullius Cicero -