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PaKTI 3
Mental Development in Daily life
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vdþ
kalebImineRtkGreT eQµa¼fa rYccak ( GnÞak´ ) marmancitþáb .
@ Kña . sUmGnuemaTna ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ !
mñalPikçú
RbéBehIy @ mñalPikçú RtÚvNas´ehIy . ¿¿¿¿¿¿.
sm:al´ £ s- karsYr q- kareqøIy
sUmelakTaMgLayánTTYlnUvcMENkbuNüen¼
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Ex ktþik B¿s¿ 2548
21 - 11 - 2004 hay cMerIn / Gwum ér¨y¨a
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Fm’dl´RB¼nagGenaCaeTvI EdlRbfab´Kg´ehIyena¼ eFVI[RB¼nag
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NaKb,IceRmInstib,dæan eRBa¼¹Cab´rvl´eFVIkargar .
taMgenAkñúgGnaKamipl [RB¼raCataMgenAkñúgGrhtþpl .
s-
¹dwgfa
karceRmInstib,dæanmanRbeyaCn_
q- karceRmInstib,dæan KW CakarsikßadwgGMBICIvítRbcaMéf¶Bit .
karceRmInstib,dæan minEmnGVIEdleRkAGMBICIvítRbcaMéf¶eT KW
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karmanstirlwkdwglkçN£rbs´nam
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eBalfa minmaneBlevlaceRmInstib,dæanvibsßna k¾eRBa¼eK
erOgGñkdéT .
minTan´yl´fa mK:manGg: 8 ena¼ KWGVI .
kñúgvisuT§imK:
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manesckþIfa
nig
rUb
EdlRákdkñúg
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nig CYy[eyIgeFVImuxnaTIrbs´eyIgánlðRbesIr .
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q- ebIeBaldl´sPavFm’ k¾KYrnwgdwgfa sPav£ena¼ CaFm’
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fa ² EsVgrkxøÜnÉgRbesIrCag RB¼Gg: ³ dUecñ¼
rUb nig niBVan .
eTIbRTg´sEmþg
mK:manGg: 8
CaectsikTaMg 8 CaesaPN-
3
4
ectsik ekItCamYyesaPNcitþ EdlrlwkdwglkçN£rbs´nam
kay citþ EmneT .
nig rUb . karrlwkdwglkçN£Nrbs´nam nig rUb CakarceRmIn
q- RtÚvehIy
mK:manGg: 8 / xN£NaectsikFm’EdlCamK:manGg: 8 min
s- ándwgfa GarmµN_rbs´mK:manGg: 8 ena¼ KWCamha-
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áneT . q- sMeT,g manBit¦eT
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q- ehtudUcemþcánCaeBalfa sMeT,gmanBit
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EdlstiekIteTLIg
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manBit nigdwgántampøÚvRtecok ebIrlwkdwglkçN£rbs´sMeT,g
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5
6 kielsrbs´eyIg eFVI[eyIgminmanesckþIsux nig RKaxø¼k¾dwgfa
eT,Ig ehIyrlt´eTAvíjCaFmµta . s- kardwgfa CaTukç Castib,dæan¦eT ?
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q- kardwgfa CaTukç manBiteT
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dwgántampøÚv
EPñk
Rtecok
Rcmu¼
GNþat
kay
citþ
Castib,dæan stirlwgdwgánRKb´evla . RbsinebIsYrfa
mK:manGg:
8
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dl´GñkdéTeRcIneT,Ig nig manesckþIemtþa kruNaeRcIneT,Ig kalebI ceRmInstib,dæan k¾Cabc©&y[ekItkuslcitþeRcIneT,Ig eBleFVI
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kic©kargarRbcaMéf¶edaykuslcitþ GñkmanKiteTfa nwgeFVIkargar ány¨aglðRbesIry¨agNa . s-
sUmelakRáb´fa
mK:manGg:
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ena¼
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Fm’tamesckþIBitfa
8 ¦ .
manEtnamFm’
nig
rUbFm’b¨ueNÑa¼
eRkABI
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q- ebIminEmnCaelakutþrcitþ
ectsikEdlCaGg:mK:
minekItRKb´TaMg 8 eT . s- GVICamK:Gg:dMbUg kñúgmK:manGg: 8 .
8
en¼
7 q-
mK:Gg:dMbUg
KW
smµaTidæi
8 kareXIjRtÚv
ebIminmankar
eXIjRtÚvkñúgnam nig rUb nig kñúgkarbdibtþiEdlCakarceRmInbBaØa k¾ceRmInmK:Gg: 8 minán smµaTidæiCabBaØaEdldwglkçN£rbs´ namFm’ nig rUbFm’ EdlRákdpøÚvEPñk Rtecok Rcmu¼ GNþat
nieraF en¼TukçnieraFKaminIbdibTa . eyIgKb,IdwgnUvbMNgRáfñafa etIceRmInmK:manGg: 8 edIm,IGVI etIGñkceRmInmK:manGg: 8 edIm,IGVI . s- ceRmInmK:manGg: 8 edIm,IrMlt´kielsRKb´RbePT dUcCa esckþIeRkaF karRcENn esckþIkMNaj´ CaedIm rYmesckþImkfa
kay citþ . kñúgsMyutþnikay mhavarvK: suriyUbmsURtTI 1 manesckþIfa ² mñalPikçúTaMgT,ay kalRB¼GaTitünwgr¼eT,Ig vtSúEdlekItmun
edIm,IrMlt´kielsRKb´y¨ag . q- mnusßedayeRcInKitfa karceRmInvibsßnaGaceda¼Rsay
vtSúEdlCa
bBaHaRKb´y¨ag[Gs´eTAánTan´eBl eKKitfa rMlt´kielsán
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Tan´eBl . eyIgsnßMkielseRcInPB eRcInCatimkehIy rab´
KW smµaTidæi k¾dUecña¼dUcKña .
minán nwgrMlt´[Gs´Pøam @ y¨agNaán ? ebIenAminTan´dwg
vtSúEdlCanimitþmkmun
KW
BnøWBN’mas
y¨agNa
nwgdwgtamesckþIBit
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fa en¼Tukç en¼TukçsmuT&y en¼TukçnieraF en¼TukçnieraFKaminIbdi-
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bTa .
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mindwgsPavFm’tamesckþIBit
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KYr[sðb´ex<Im
eKmindwgfa
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eT,Igdwgfa Gkuslcitþ CanamFm’mYyRbePTb¨ueNÑa¼ .
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11
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eKmindwgfa xN£Namanemah£ eRBa¼emah£minekItCamYyesa-
EdlkMBugRákd
mnsßevTna nig eTamnsßevTna EtekItCamYy«ebkçaevTna eKmin
sPavFm’EdlekIteT,IgRákdy¨agNa
dwgfa xN£EdldwgxøÜnRBegIy @ ena¼ CaGkuslcitþeT eyIg
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KW minmanRbeyaCn_ ehtuGVI k¾minrlwkdwgkñúgxN£ena¼fa manRtwm
k¾CaemahmUlcitþedayeRcIn .
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evlaEdlman emah£ etIándwgxø¼eT .
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s- ¹Kitfa RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´[manstiRKb´xN£Edlman xül´degHImecj nig xül´degHImcUl EmneT . q-
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nig minEmnCapøÚvl¼bg´GkuslFm’[Gs´eTAán mCÄimabdibTa
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rbs´sPavFm’EdlkMBugRákd
13
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nig esckþIsgß&ykñúglkçN£rbs´sPavFm’TaMgT,ay EdlFøab´
minmantYxøÜn
Rbkan´fa CatYxøÜn .
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karceRmInvibsßna mincMeBa¼Etxül´degHImcUl-ecjeT eRBa¼ ebIeRCIserIsGarmµN_ k¾eRBa¼kareXIjxusfa mantYxøÜn ebIeBal dl´xül´degHImcUl-ecj kMBugmanxül´degHImena¼
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ebIminEmnCaRB¼GriybuK:l
k¾Gs´eTAminán
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CatYxøÜn
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14
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ebIbdibtþixusteTA k¾manEtkareXIjxusteTAeTot mindwgb¨unµan
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niyayb¨ueNÑa¼eT
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eFVIkic©kargartamRbRktIRbcaMéf¶minán
RB¼PaK RB¼Gg:minánTUnµankñúgvtSúEdlbdibtþiminánena¼eT .
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RtÚvkñúgsPavFm’TaMgT,aykñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ .
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min[dwgRkdasRák´RbePTNa
k¾min án karBity¨agdUecña¼¦ ?
s- ¹enAminTan´yl´fa xN£ceRmInvibsßnaena¼ KW dMeNIr
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hampwkRsa .
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EdleFVIkarbBaÄb´karpwkRsa nigeFVI[RsalesþIg . RB¼Griy-
RkdasRák´RbePTNa dwgfa ePøIgcracrBN’exov ¦ BN’Rkhm
buK:lb¨ueNÑa¼ EdlrkßasIl 5 ánedaybribUrN_ / bufuC¢nrEmg
32
33
knøgsIlán ebImanehtubc©&y dUcCa kalebImanehtubc©&y
nig mankarERbRbÜlCalMdab´ sUm,IenAminTan´ánseRmcGriy-
eyIgk¾Gacnwgsmøab´ edIm,IkarBarxøÜnk¾án .
sc©Fm’ k¾eday .
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mincMeBa¼EtkarsikßaFm’b¨ueNÑa¼eT
Etfa
smµavayaema
kusl
RKb´Rbkar KW CaeRKÓg«bkar£dl´karceRmInvibsßna nig mü¨ageTot
s- stiekIteT,Ig eRBa¼GaRs&yehtubc©&y eyIgbg:ab´bBa¢a
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kaldwgpøÚvceRmInstib,dæanehIy
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ánRCabfa
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kar
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² kic© ³ mankarminrujraCaGakarRákd mankartk´søútCabTdæan .
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eRBa¼RB¼álIfa Gñktk´søút rEmgtaMgesckþIBüayamedaylð /
xøÜnÉgfa kalceRmInmK:manGg: 8 «bnisß&ynwgfycu¼eTA @
mü¨ageTot
manvtSúCaehtu
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34
35
EdlbuK:lRárB§RtwmRtÚvehIy Kb,IeXIjfa Ca¬sKl´énsBV-
tYxøÜn RbsinebIKitnwgbg:ab´bBa¢a[stiekIt nig Büayamcab´Ga-
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víriy£ CanamFm’mYyRbePT EdleyIgRbkan´fa CatYxøÜnBit
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lkçN£rbs´Gkuslcitþ k¾minánceRmInmK:manGg: 8 . mnusß
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q- kalebIyl´GMBIkarbdibtþiánRtwmRtÚvehIy k¾Cabc©&y[
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ányl´fa minmanpøÚvdéTkm©at´GviC¢aeRkABIen¼eT,Iy kardwgy¨ag
kñúgerOgeXIjena¼
en¼ KWCabc©&y[smµavayam£ceRmIneT,IgpgEdr .
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dwglkçN£énkareXIj
karán| nig rUb sMeT,gCaedIm 2-3 xN£ k¾lµmehIy eKeBal
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fa eKdwgnamFm’ nigrUbFm’ ehIyeKGacnwgKitfa eKdwglkçN£
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s- ¹Kitfa ¹dwglkçN£EdlmineTogrbs´kareXIj dwgfa
xN£ena¼án .
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s- kalepþImceRmInsti stinwgdwgGVIánxø¼
k¾bBa¢ak´ánfa kareXIjánrlt´eTAehIy .
q-
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minEmnedaykarRbckßc,as´cMeBa¼sPavFm’ena¼eT eBlEdlKit
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minEmnsMeT,g eKmancm¶l´kñúgcitþfa dUcemþceTIbmankarsgß&y
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[ceRmIneT,IgedaykarceRmInvibsßna eTIbdwgc,as´kñúgsPavFm’
minán minmanc,ab´kMNt´fa [stirlwksPavFm’ Namun Na
EdlkMBugRákdkñúgxN£en¼án .
eRkay eRscEtstiEdlrlwkdwgnamFm’Na ¦ rUbFm’Na .
s-
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etIKYrrlwkdwgsPavFm’
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eXIjfa ckçúmineTog
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ckçúsmösßmineTog sUm,IsuxevTna TukçevTna ¦ GTukçmsux-
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niBVan ³ .
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karekIt k¾minmanesckþIRbmaTkñúgkarceRmInsti kñúgkalEdlnwg
ceRmInsti eyIgkm©at´bg´karvegVgePøcstierOy @ . EtebIsikßa
GaceFVIán kaldwgfa KYrRbjab´Rbjal´ceRmInsti smµavayam£
RB¼Fm’GMBIkarekItkñúgnrk k¾eFVI[stiekIteT,Ig rlwkáneTot .
k¾nwgceRmIneT,Ig minRtÚvKitfa nwgtaMgcitþBüayam . smµavayam£
eyIgminKYrxVayxVl´kñúgerOgnrk esckþIkgVl´CaGkusl EteyIg
CaGg:mK:mYy kñúgmK:manGg: 8 eFVI[stirlwkdwglkçN£rbs´
RtÚvdwgfa karceRmInvibsßna eTIbdwgc,as´nUvGriysc©Fm’ Edl
sPavFm’erOy @ minBnüaeBleT,Iy / sPavFm’ dUcCa kareXIj
CaehtueFVI[putcakP&yénkareTAekItkñúgGáyPUmián .
eyIgmindwgfa
BN’ kar| karnwkKitCaedIm EdlekItrab´minGs´kñúgmYyéf¶ @ Et
kardwgtamesckþIBitfa
ánsnßMkielsd¾y¨ageRcInsn§wk
ebIstiminrlwkdwgkñúgeBlen¼ehIy etIeBlNa eTIbeXIjc,as´
sn§ab´BIRtwmNamk nig enAsnßMteTAeTot k¾eFVI[mankarrYsran´
sPavFm’TaMgT,aytamesckþIBitán .
kñúgkarceRmInmK:manGg: 8 .
s- elakeBalfa karKitdl´P&yrbs´karekIteT,Ig nwgmin eFVI[mankarl¼bg´karceRmInstieT ¹enAsgß&yfa esckþIP&y
s-
ebIminmansti
48
49
smµasti
smµaTidæi kareXIjRtÚvkñúglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ EdlRákd
k¾ceRmInbBaØaedIm,IdwgsPavFm’tamkar
tamTVarEPñk
Bitminán manGVIEdleyIgKYreFVIxø¼eT edIm,I[ekItstiCamun ehIy CaxageRkay bBaØaEdldwglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ k¾ánekIt eT,Ig .
Rtecok
Rcmu¼
GNþat
kay
citþ
k¾RtÚvman
smµastiEdr / smµasti RtÚvekItrYmCamYynwgsmµaTidæi . s-
Etk¾RtÚvceRmInstipg
eyIgminRtÚveFVIGVIBiess
nig
evorcakmineFVIGVItamRbRktI edIm,I[manstieRcIn @ ¦ ? .
q- buK:ledayeRcInKitfa smµastikñúgmK:manGg: 8 CaGVI
q-
karsikßaFm’
karBicarNaFm’
karsikßakñúgerOgbdibtþi
déT EdlminEmnCakarrlwkdwglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ Edl
EdlRtwmRtÚv kardwgKuNd¾eRcInGenk TaMgen¼Cabc©&y[ekItsti
kMBugEtRákdkñúgxN£en¼
ebIRCabfa stiCaGntþa ekIteT,IgeRBa¼ehtubc©&y nig dwgánBI
xN£en¼elakkMBugGg:úy
manrwg
karbdibtþiedayxøÜnÉgfa taMgcitþ[ekItstiminán / eyIgnwgelIk
RákdeT dwgáneT . s- dwgán q-
xN£rlwkdwglkçN£rbs´namFm’
ecjnUvGVIEdleyIgKitfa RtÚveFVIGVI[BiessedIm,ImanstieRcIn @ . rUbFm’EdlkMBug
RákdtamTVarNamYyena¼ k¾KWsti / buK:ledayeRcInKitfa nwg RtÚveFVIGVI[BiessedIm,I[ekItsti nig Kitfa kaltaMgcitþ[ekIt stiehIy k¾nwgdwglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’án . smµasti ( karrlwkRtÚv ) CaGg:mYykñúgmK:Gg: 8 kalebIman
s- áT BitEmn / eBlGg:úyes¶óm @ enApÞ¼ ehIyBüayam [ekItsti stik¾minekIt . q- GñkEdlmankaryl´RtwmRtÚvfa eKalbMNgénkarceRmIn vibsßnaena¼ KW edIm,IdwgxøÜnÉg nig CIvítRbcaMéf¶ eTIbeKmineFVIGVI EdlxusRbRktI Edlnwg[ekItstieRcIn @ eKminbgçMxøÜnÉg nig
50 rg´caM[stiekItena¼eT
51
karGg:úyes¶óm
@
mineFVIGVIesa¼ena¼
s-
CaRbRktI rbs´elak¦ ? . s- minEmneT Fmµta ¹GanesovePAxø¼ sresrxø¼ Qr edIr
ebIdUecñ¼
elakRáfñanwgdwgerogCIvítRbcaMéf¶rbs´elak
elakKYrbgçMcitþeFVIGVIEdlxusRbRktIEmneT . s-
minKYreT
¹yl´ehIyfa
tamEdlánsnßMmk
¹seg;teXIjfa
eBleFVIkusl
stiekIterOy
@
/
kareFVIkuslCabc©&y[ekItsti EmneT ? q- kareXIjRtÚv Cabc©&yrbs´smµastikñúgmK:manGg: 8 /
ehIyk¾eFVIGVI @ eTot . q-
ceRmInminán .
Gkuslcitþ
ebIeFVIGVIEdlFøab´eFVICaRbRktI
k¾dwgc,as´xøÜnÉg
Etstik¾manmYyrMeBc
etI dwgsPavFm’ándUcemþc . q- xN£rbs´stiticNas´ ekIteT,IghIy
kuslkmµCaRbeyaCn_ EtminKYrKitfa stiekItminán kalebIman RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´fa
RtÚvdwgsPavFm’RKb´y¨ag
karceRmInsti minKYrkMNt´eBlevla nig TIkEnøgeT,Iy . s-
Etfa
GñkEdlepþImceRmInsti
mincaMác´enAkñúgTINa
edaycMeBa¼eT¦ ? k¾rlt´eTAvíj
q- RbkarsMxan´ k¾KW karyl´[ánRtwmRtÚv / karceRmIn
RBmCamYycitþ stimineTog minEmntYxøÜn stiekItehIyk¾rlt´
vibsßnaáneFVI[dwgc,as´kñúgelakTaMg 6 KW elakEPñk Rtecok
Etk¾ekIteTot kalebImanehtubc©&y dUecña¼ kardwglkçN£rbs´
Rcmu¼ GNþat kay citþ eyIgRtÚvBicarNa[dwgesckþIepßgKña
namFm’ rUbFm’ eTIbepþImeT,Igbnþicmþg @ . ebIelakmindwgfa
rbs´elakTaMg 6 edIm,I[dwgsc©Fm’kñúgelakTaMg 6 RKb´TIkEnøg
stiCanamFm’ EdlekIteT,IgeRBa¼ehtubc©&y EbrCaeTABüayam
minfa enATIkEnøgNa dUecña¼eTIbRtÚvrlwkdwgnamFm’ rUbFm’ kñúg
taMgcitþeFVI[ekItsti elakk¾Rbkan´fa stiCatYxøÜn nig bBaØa k¾
elakTaMg 6 .
52
53
s- dMbUg @ k¾manstiRtwmEtbnþicbnþÜc k¾ekItkarenOyNay
Gñkxø¼k¾lMáknwgyl´fa
karceRmInmK:manGg:
8
ena¼
KW
eRBa¼Kitfa nwgminekItplGVIeT,Iy ebIdUecña¼ enAkñúgTIEdls¶at´
Cakaryl´dwgcMeBa¼CIvítRbcaMéf¶ mK:manGg: 8 CamCÄimabdibTa
@ kñúgsmñak´bdibtþiRbEhlCalðCag emIl_eTA .
ebImanesckþIeXIjRtÚveRcIneT,Ig @ k¾nwgdwgc,as´fa pøÚvkNþal
q- eBlcab´epþImceRmInvibsßna k¾Ráfñacg´ánplrh&s @
ena¼KWGVI / nwgdwgfa minmantYxøÜnCaGñksagbBaØa[ekItrh&s @
eBk cg´eXIjsPaBénnamFm’ rUbFm’ cg´l¼bg´kiels[Gs´
ena¼Edr karbdibtþimCÄimabdibTa minEmnbgçMnUvvtSúEdlminánsnßM
edayrh&s ebIxitxMBüayambg:ab´bBa¢astiy¨agen¼ k¾minEmnCa
mk[ekItena¼eT RbsinebIminánsnßMmk nwgrs´enAedayÉeka
smµamK: buK:lEdlbdibtþixus minánceRmInsmµasti bBaØak¾
en¼sEmþg[eXIjfa karrs´enAÉekaminEmnCaCIvítBitrbs´eyIg
ceRmInminán .
dUecña¼ eTIbminKYrbgçMrs´enAy¨agena¼ eRBa¼mankaryl´fa bBaØa
GñkEdlminánceRmInsti
rlwkdwgsPavFm’kñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶
minánceRmInmK:manGg: 8 Gñkxø¼k¾eBalfa eBlceRmInvibsßna
nwgGacekIteT,Ig . s-
¹enAKitfa
maneRcIny¨agEdlminCaTIsb,ayénkar
eKEcktYxøÜnecjBICIvítRbRktIRbcaMéf¶ eKehACIvítEdlvegVg Edl
ceRmInsti EdlnwgKYrl¼bg´ dUcCa karGanesovePAerOgesñha
minmanstifa
EdlminEmnCaesovePAFm’
CaCIvítRbRktIRbcaMéf¶
nig
CIvítEdlmanstifa
nig
esovePAEdlminmanRbeyaCn_
CIvítEdlRbkbedaykmµdæan . EdleKEckkarceRmInstiecj nig
dl´kareda¼Rsaydl´sg:m k¾minEmnCakusl eyIgminKYrGan
Rbkan´fa CacMENkepßgBICIvítRbcaMéf¶ Kb,IBicaNar[eXIjfa
esovePATaMgena¼ edIm,I[stiekIteRcIn @ ena¼eT¦ .
eK min ánceRmInmK:Gg: 8 ena¼eT .
q- eBlGanesovePAEdlminEmnCakusl k¾eRBa¼fa
man
54
55
karsnßMmk eTIbeFVI[mankarGan karKitfa nwgGanedIm,I[sti
GVIeRkAGMBInamFm’ nig rUbFm’ minRtÚveTAEsVgrknamFm’ rUbFm’
ekIteT,Igena¼k¾xus
kñúgkEnøgEdlÉekaena¼eT
kareFVIy¨agena¼
nwgmindwgc,as´xøÜnÉg
nig
/ namFm’ rUbFm’ manRákdehIy .
nwgvegVgKitfa minmanGkuslcitþeTotpg . xN£stirlwkdwg
s- b¨uEnþfa RbsinebIeyIgGanesovePAEdlminmanRbeyaCn_
lkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ EdlRákdkñúgxN£Ganena¼ CamCÄi-
¦pwkRsa minCakarhamXat´stieT¦ ? ¹sgß&yfa CapøÚvkNþal
mabdibTa CapøÚvEdleFVI[dwgc,as´edayxøÜnÉg Gacrlwkdwgfa
¦minEmn dwgfa GkuslnwgekIneT,IgeRcIn nwgfycu¼ .
kareXIj CanamFm’mYyRbePT kardwgGtSrbs´BaküEdlGanena¼ k¾CanamFm’mYyRbePT
GacmankarePøItePøIneTAkñúgerOgEdlán
q-
evlamansti
GkuslcitþrEmgekIt
Cakuslcitþ
EdlCMnYsGkuslcitþ
stik¾rlwkdwglkçN£rbs´Gkuslcitþ
Gan nig ekItesckþIeBjcitþ ¦ Tas´citþ sPavFm’ena¼ @ k¾Ca
sti nwgkarBarGkuslkmµbftamTVarkay vaca citþ . ebIstiekIt
namFm’mYyRbePT . xN£EdlGanesovePA mannamFm’ nig
jwkjab´ bc©&yEdl[ekItGkuslcitþ k¾fycu¼ eyIgnwgdwgán
rUbFm’eRcInRbePTRákd
edayxøÜnÉgfa CakarBit ¦ minBit . eyIgnwgdwgfa karceRmIn
ebIstiminekItkñúgxN£ena¼
k¾mankar
Rbkan´fa CatYxøÜnGñkGanesovePA . ebIeyIgsnßMmkkñúgerOgt®nþI
¦
sti sUm,ImYyxN£ @ k¾manRbeyaCn_d¾eRcIn nigmanpld¾eRcIn . KMnUr
k¾minRtÚveKcevs
.
buK:lEdlceRmInbBaØa
rhUtdwgc,as´kñúglkçN£rbs´nam-
eBlelgt®nþI ¦ kMBugKUr k¾mannamFm’ rUbFm’ RákdtamTVarTaMg
Fm’ rUbFm’ tamesckþIBitena¼
6 ehtuGVI rlwkdwglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’TaMgT,ayena¼min
CaRB¼esatabnñán
án kalrlwkdwg k¾dwgc,as´fa mYyCIvítrbs´eyIgena¼ minman
rbs´Gkuslcitþ bBaØaena¼ GacRbc&kßlkçN£mineTog CaTukç
rEmgGacnwgcak´Føú¼Griysc©Fm’
sUm,IkñúgxN£eRkayBIkarrlwkdwglkçN£
56
57
CaGntþarbs´namFm’ rUbFm’án minfa sPavFm’Na @ Edl
edIm,IGVI . eKalbMNg minEmnkarmanstiedayKµankardwgGVIena¼
Rákd . bBaØaceRmIneT,IgkñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ nig kardwgc,as´Griy-
eT eKalbMNg KW kardwgsPavFm’tamesckþIBit dwgfa sPaB
sc©Fm’ena¼ k¾ekIteT,IgánkñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ .
rbs´sgçarFm’ mineTog CaTukç CaGntþa . etIeyIgdwgsPavFm’
kalándwgedayxøÜnÉgfa
RB¼Fm’EdlRB¼manRB¼PaKRTg´
Rtas´sEmþg KW mCÄimabdibTa CapøÚvEtmYyBit @ EdlnaMeTAkan´TI rMlt´kielsehIy esckþIRC¼føakñúgRB¼Fm’k¾maMTaMeT,Ig . eyIgmin KYrP&yRBÜyGMBIkarceRmInstikñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶
tamesckþIBit ány¨agNa ? dwgán eRBa¼karmanstirlwkdwg sPavFm’EdlkMBugRákdkñúgxN£en¼ . ebIsPavFm’kñúgxN£en¼CaesckþIesaksþay k¾KYrrlwkdwgfa
ehIyeyIgnwgkan´
lkçN£ena¼ CanamFm’mYyRbePT k¾nwgeFVI[esckþIesaksþay
Etdwgc,as´edayxøÜnÉg nigkñúgTIbMput k¾Gs´esckþIsgß&ykñúgvtSú
fycu¼ ehIystik¾ekIteT,IgCMnYs elaknwgdwgfa sPavFm’TaMg-
EdlxøÜnRbkan´fa CatYxøÜn eXIjmanRtwmEtnamFm’ nig rUbFm’
T,ayekIteRBa¼ehtubc©&y etIRbeyaCn_GVIKYresaksþay . ebImin
b¨ueNÑa¼ .
rlwkdwgfa esckþIesaksþayCanamFm’mYyRbePTeT k¾nwgCatY
s- sti RtÚvGb´rMceRmInkñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ EtebIKitdl´éf¶Edl knøgeTA dwgfa stiekItánticNas´ k¾mankaresaksþaydl´ eBlevlaEdlknøgeTAminán ¹dwgfa
karesaksþayCaGku-
sl EtmindwgeFVIy¨agNa hamXat´karesaksþayán . q- Gñkcg´manstieRcIn @
EteKmindwgfa
eKRtÚvkarsti
xøÜn Edlesaksþay . s-
stiRtÚvdwgGarmµN_Canic©¦
?
án|Gñk xø¼
Ráb´fa
eBlmanstieRcIn @ ehIymindwgGVI eRkABIesckþIes¶óms¶at´ . q- sti RtÚvdwgGarmµN_ stiCaesaPNectsikekItrYmCa mYyesaPNcitþ citþRKb´dYgRtÚvdwgGarmµN_ nigectsikTaMgT,ay
58
59
Na EdlekItCamYycitþdYgNa k¾dwgGarmµN_EtmYyCamYycitþdYg
kñúgkarQaneTAmux nig QanRtLb´ kñúgkarRkeLkemIleTAmux
ena¼ . stikñúgsmfPavna k¾dwgGarmµN_EtmYy CamYycitþEdl
nig
taMgmaMkñúgGarmµN_smfkmµdæan / stikñúgkarceRmInvibsßna k¾
esøókdNþb´sMBt´sgÇadI áRt nig cIvr kñúgkarsuI pwk TMBa
dwgGarmµN_EtmYyCamYycitþ EdlekItrYmKña KW dwglkçN£rbs´
liT§ kñúgkarbenÞabg´«c©ar£ bsßav£ kñúgevlaedIr Gg:úy edk
namFm’ ¦ rUbFm’ .
lk´ PJak´ niyay es¶óm dUcBN’namken¼ PikçúrEmgBicarNa
buK:ledayeRcIn Ráfñacg´ánesckþIes¶óms¶at´ EdleKRtÚv
xagTTwg
kñúgkarbt´cUlnUvGvyv£
nig
laecj
kñúgkar
eXIjkaykñúgkay ³ .
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¹minyl´fa eBledklk´ manstiándUcemþc eBlyl´-
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sbþi k¾Cakuslcitþán EtedayeRcInCaGkuslcitþ eBledklk´
karesckþIs¶b´b¨ueNÑa¼ vibsßnaPavna minEmnCasmfPavna víb-
y¨ags‘b´ minmankaryl´sbþi k¾CaPvg:citþ ( citþEdlekItrlt´
sßna CajaN / jaN CabBaØa / vibsßna
bnþKña tRmg´PBCati ) EdlmindwgGarmµN_pøÚvTVarTaMg 6 .
CabBaØamYy
RbePT KW CabBaØaEdldwgsPavFm’TaMgT,aytamesckþIBit .
q-
ebIGb´rMceRmInstierOy
@
stik¾ekItmuneBledklk´
s- RB¼manRB¼PaK Rtas´[ceRmInstiRKb´xN£ sUm,Imun
án ebIstiminekIt k¾GacnwgekItelaP£EdleBjcitþkñúgkaredk
eBledklk´ k¾KYrceRmInsti kñúgmCÄimnikay mUlbNÑask£
y¨agsb,ay ¦GackgVl´kñúgerOgepßg @ EdlekIteT,Igkñúgéf¶ena¼
mUlbriyayvK: stib,dæansURt RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´nwgPikçúTaMg-
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eTas£ nignamFm’ rUbFm’déT @ eyIgedklk´eTAedayGkuslcitþ
.
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k¾Cabc©&y[stiekItTan´eBlEdl
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ebIeyIgceRmInstiCaRbRktI
kñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ k¾manbc©&y[stiekItmuneBlGs´CIvítán citþ
q- eBlniyayman| maneXIj Edr¦eT / RtÚvQb´niyay Camunsin eTIbdwgfa mansMeT,g¦ .
EdlekItmunxN£cuti Cabc©&ydl´bdisn§icitþkñúgCatiteTA eyIg
s- minEmneT kMBugniyay k¾dwgán .
KYrceRmInsti sUm,IkñúgxN£muneBledklk´ .
q-
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rlwkdwgminán¦
fasMeT,g
k¾Ca
KYrceRmInstikñúgxN£niyay
rUbFm’mü¨ag / eBlniyay mansPavFm’mü¨agekIteT,IgRákdkñúg
nig enAes¶óm ¹rlwkfa eBlniyayCamYyGñkNa @ mankar
xN£epßg @ Kña minEmnQb´niyay eTIbrlwkdwgánena¼eT / kar
ceRmInstilMákNas´ .
niyayena¼ekIteT,IgeRBa¼Gkuslcitþxø¼ kuslcitþxø¼ ehtuGVIeTIb
s-
RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´fa
q- elakKitfa elakceRmInstiminán eRBa¼elakenAeCOfa karceRmInsti
nwgRtÚveFVIGVI[Biess
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s- ekItán dUcCa manlkçN£rwg j&r ¦ twg Rákd[ dwgán . q-
rlwkdwgsPaBrbs´citþTaMgena¼minán . eBlniyayerOgGku-
eBlniyay
namFm’ rUbFm’ena¼Ég stirlwkdwgminán¦ ? . eBlenAkEnøgeFVIkargar
minmansPav£rwg
¦
sPav£EdlkeRmIk
elakTUrs&BÞjwkjab´EdreT
manstieBlEdlelIkTUrs&BÞ niyayxø¼eT .
elak
62 s-
eBlkNþwgTUrs&BÞeraTi
GVIeRcIny¨agekIteT,Ig
63 ¹k¾elIkTUrs&BÞ
mindwgCaman
karceRmInstikñúgkEnøgeFVIkargar
mankar
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lMákNas´ . q- minmansPavFm’RákdtamTVarTaMg 6 eT¦ elakrlwk
citþ Castib,dæanánTaMgGs´ . edayehtuen¼ sUm,IenACamYy
dwgsPavFm’RKb´eBlmin án EtelaknwgepþImmanstibnþicmþg @
mnusßeRcIn @ k¾CakarenAEtmñak´ÉgCamYynamFm’ nig rUbFm’Edl
sUm,IenAkñúgkEnøgeFVIkark¾eday elakGacdwgxøÜnÉgkñúgxN£elIk
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TUrs&BÞ
sti minGacenAEtmñak´ÉgCamYynamFm’ rUbFm’ k¾faán .
¦eBlepþImniyay
ehIyk¾GacrIkraykñúgerOgniyay
eRBa¼minmansti EtebIkñúgeBlxø¼elakmansti k¾Cabc©&yeFVI[ manstitaMgmaMán . s-
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kñúgsMyutþnikay sLaytnvK: miKCalsURtTI 1 manesckþI fa nKrsavtSI .l. RKaena¼Ég RB¼miKCal£cUleTAKal´RB¼-
kalstiminTan´maMTaM
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manRB¼PaK fVaybg:MehIyk¾Gg:úykñúgTId¾smKYr lu¼Gg:úykñúgTId¾ smKYrehIy ánRkabTUlsYrRB¼manRB¼PaKfa ½
edIm,IceRmInsti etIRtÚveT . rUbFm’
² bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn EdlRB¼Gg:Rtas´fa GñkmanRbRktI
ena¼ k¾CakarenAEtmñak´ÉgCamYynwgsPavFm’ena¼ ehIyxN£ena¼
enAEtmñak´Ég GñkmanRbRktIenAEtmñak´Ég dUecñ¼ edayehtuRtwm
lkçN£rbs´sPavFm’ena¼b¨ueNÑa¼
NaRB¼Gg: PikçúeTIbeQµa¼fa manRbRktIenAEtmñak´Ég nig eday
q-
xN£manstirlwkdwglkçN£rbs´namFm’
nig
EdlRákdc,as´karenAEt
mñak´ÉgkñúgkarbdibtþiFm’ minEmnCaerOgTIkEnøgeT sUm,IenACamYy
ehtuRtwmNa PikçúeQµa¼fa enAedaymanKña 2 nak´ ³ .
64
65
B- ² mñalmiKCal£ rUbEdlándwgedayckçú EdlKYr Ráfña KYrrIkray
KYreBjcitþ
[ekItesckþIRsTLaj´
kan´EtrIkray
rIkray KYreBjcitþ [ekItesckþIRsLaj´ kan´EtrIkray [ekIt teRmk
manehIy
ebIPikçúmineRtkGr
¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿
esckþIePøItePøIn
[ekItteRmk manehIy ebIPikçúeRtkGr eBalsresIr gb´RCúb
rEmgrlt´ kalebIminmanesckþIePøItePøIn k¾minmanteRmk kalebI
kñúgrUbena¼ / kalebIGñkeRtkGr eBalsresIr gb´RCúbkñúgrUbena¼
minmanteRmk
rEmgekItesckþIePøItePøIn
RbkbedayesckþIePøItePøIn nig karCab´enA tfaKteBalfa man
kalebImanesckþIePøItePøIn
k¾mankar
Rbkan´maM kalebImanesckþIRbkan´maM k¾rEmgCab´enA mñalmiKCal£ PikçúGñkRbkbedayesckþIePøItePøIn mankarCab´enAy¨agen¼ Ég BIr¿¿¿¿
k¾minmankarCab´enA
mñalmiKCal£
PikçúGñkmin
RbRktIenAEtmñak´Ég .l. ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ mñalmiKCal£ PikçúGñkmanRbRktIenAedayGakary¨agen¼
tfaKteBalfa
GñkmanRbRktIenAedaysMTLaj´CaKRmb´
sUm,IenAlayLMCamYynwgPikçú PikçúnI «ásk «ásika RB¼raCa
mñalmiKCal£
PikçúGñkmanRbRktIenAedayGakary¨agen¼
mhaGmatürbs´RB¼raCa
tirSIy_
sav&ktirSIy_
kñúgTIbMputénRsúk
eBlesB esnasn£Edls¶at´ smKYrCaTIenAd¾s¶at´k¾Bit Etk¾
k¾Bit sUm,Iy¨agena¼ k¾maneQµa¼fa manRbRktI enAEtmñak´Ég
enAeQµa¼fa manRbRktIenAedaysMLaj´CaKRmb´BIr .
¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ esckþIena¼ eRBa¼ehtuGVI eRBa¼tNHa EdlCasMLaj´Ca
esckþIena¼ eRBa¼ehtuGVI eRBa¼Gñkena¼enAmantNHaCasMLaj´ KRmb´BIr eKl¼bg´tNHaminTan´án dUecña¼ eTIbehAfa manRbRktI enAedaysMLaj´CaKRmb´BIr . mñalmiKCal£ rUbEdlKb,Idwgc,as´edayckçú KYrRáfña
KYr
KRmb´BIr Gñkl¼bg´ánehIy eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbehAfa CaGñk manRbRktIenAEtmñak´Ég ³ .
s-
66
67
smµasmaFi
taMgmaMkñúglkçN£rbs´namFm’ nig rUbFm’ EdlCaGarmµN_rbs´
eKalbMNgkñúgkarceRmInmK:manGg:
8
minEmnedIm,I
stikñúgxN£ena¼
dwgfa
nwgRtÚvkMNt´dl´sPavrbs´namFm’
esckþIs¶b´ EtedIm,IbBaØa / mK:manGg: 8 ena¼ minmanesckþIs¶b´
rUbFm’ dUcKña EtebIdUecña¼ k¾ceRmInstikñúgxN£eFVIkic©kargartam
pgeT¦ ? ánRCabfa smµasmaFi (
RbRktIRbcaMéf¶minán .
kartMkl´citþRtÚv ) k¾Ca
q- kartaMgmaMkñúglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ EdlRákd min
Gg:mK: 1 kñúgmK:manGg: 8 . q- smµasmaFi Caectsik CaÉkK:taectsik . ÉkK:ta-
EmnCakarkMNt´[yUr @ dUckñúgkarceRmInsmfPavnaeT smµa-
ectsik ¦ smaFiena¼ ekItrYmCamYycitþRKb´dYg kic©rbs´ÉkK:ta-
smaFikñúgmK:manGg:
ectsik KW taMgmaMkñúgGarmµN_ citþRKb´dYg dwgGarmµN_ánEtmYy
namFm’ ¦ rUbFm’ ehIyk¾rlt´eTARBmCamYycitþdYgena¼ . smµa-
b¨ueNÑa¼ .
smaFi kñúgkarceRmInvibsßna CaxNiksmaFi ( smaFiCaxN£ @ )
smµasmaFi
kñúgsmfPavna
CasPavFm’
8
ekItrYmCamYycitþEdldwglkçN£rbs´
EdltaMgmaMkñúg
karceRmInvibsßna minEmnBüayamsMLwgsPavFm’ EdlRákd
GarmµN_ EdlCasmfkmµdæan edIm,I[ekItesckþIs¶b´ smµasmaFi
yUr @ eT eKalbMNgénkarceRmInvibsßna minEmnCakarCab´
kñúgmK:manGg: 8 ekItrYmCamYynwgsmµaTidæi nig smµasti Edl
CMBak´ EtedIm,Ikarl¼bg´ edaykarceRmInbBaØa .
manlkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ EdlRákdtampøÚvEPñk Rtecok Rcmu¼ GNþat kay citþ CaGarmµN_ . s- elakRáb´fa
kic©rbs´smµasmaFikñúgmK:manGg: 8 KW
smaFi kñúgkarceRmInvibsßna minEmnCa«bsK:dl´kic©kargarkñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ena¼eT GñkdéT
tYy¨agdUcCa
k¾mannamFm’ rUbFm’
kñúgxN£niyayCamYy
RákdtampøÚvEPñk Rtecok Rcmu¼
68
69
GNþat kay citþ ehtuGVI rlwkdwgsPavFm’TaMgena¼ minán ? /
karceRmInvibsßna minRtÚveFVIGVI[xusRbRktI edIm,I[citþtaMg
stiminEmneFVI[eyIgQb´niyayeT ebIlkçN£rbs´namFm’Na
maMkñúgsPavFm’EdlRákd
¦
manGg: 8 xN£ena¼ k¾mansmµasmaFikñúgmK:manGg: 8 Edr .
rUbFm’NaRákd
stik¾rlwkdwgánkñúgxN£ena¼
nwgeFVI[
lkçN£rbs´GarmµN_ena¼Rákdc,as´eT,Ig . s-
eFVIdUcemþc
eTIbnwgtaMgmaMánkñúgnamFm’
srUbFm’Edl
RákdkñúgxN£en¼ áneRcIn / manstikñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ Etk¾enA minmankardwgc,as´kñúglkçN£rbs´GarmµN_EdlRákd seg;teXIjfa
mansti
Gñkxø¼Ráb´fa
xN£NaEdlmansmµastikñúgmK:
RtÚvceRmInsmfPavnaCaáTCamunsin
eTIbceRmInvibsßnaPavnaán
eKKitfa
smaFiEdlekItBIkar
ceRmInsmfPavnaena¼ CasmµasmaFikñúgmK:manGg: 8 .
¹án
q- cMNucsMxan´rbs´karceRmInsmfPavna edIm,I[citþs¶b´
EtmindwglkçN£rbs´GarmµN_tam
cakelaP£ eTas£ emah£ edayRKa edayxN£ / karceRmIn
esckþIBit . q- xN£kMBugceRmInmK:manGg: 8 ena¼ k¾minEmnfa nwgman
smfPavna k¾mansti nigbBaØaEdr GñkEdlRáfñaceRmInQancitþ k¾RtÚvdwgbc©&yEdleFVI[seRmcQan RtÚvdwgfa GVICa«bsK:énkar
kardwglkçN£rbs´sPavFm’RKb´eBlEdlmanstiena¼eT eRBa¼
seRmcQan
RtÚvdwgsPaBrbs´citþfa
RbkbCamYyGg:rbs´
kardwgmaneRcInRbePT CadMbUg @ kardwg enAminTan´Cak´c,as´
Qan
Etk¾nwgceRmIneT,Ig kalmanstiekIteT,Igjwkjab´ nigepþImrlwk
etOncitþ[køahan kñúgsm&yEdlKYrdas´etOncitþedayn&yepßg @
dl´lkçN£epßgKñarbs´sPavFm’ kalebIsticeRmIneT,Ig kar
dUecña¼ karceRmInsmfPavna eTIbRtÚvmanTaMgsti nig bBaØa epßg
dwglkçN£rbs´sPavFm’ k¾Cak´c,as´eT,Ig .
KñaBIkar ceRmInvibsßna karceRmInsmfPavna minmanl¼bg´kar
dl´fñak´GacseRmcCaQancitþehIy¦enA
nwgRtÚvdas´-
70
71
esckþIeXIjxusfa CatYxøÜneT / bBaØaEdlekItBIkarceRmInvibsß-
bdibtþitamRB¼Fm’ k¾ányl´GMBICIvíteRcIneT,Ig karyl´GMBICIvít
naPavna eTIbeFVI[mankarl¼bg´esckþIeXIjxusfa CatYxøÜnán .
nwgmanRbeyaCn_y¨agRbesIrdl´eK Etmü¨ag .
cMNucsMxan´kñúgkarceRmInvibsßna sUm,IkñúgxagedIm k¾KW kar Gb´rMceRmInbBaØaedIm,IdwgsPavFm’tamesckþIBit
RbsinebIKitfa
RtÚvceRmInsmfPavnamun ceRmInvibsßna edIm,I[ekItstieRcIn @
s- manGñkxø¼Ráb´fa Gñkmancitþraymay minKYrsikßaFm’ eRBa¼kan´EteFVI[rsab´rsl´eRcIneT,Ig KYrbdibtþib¨ueNÑa¼ . q-
eyIgmancitþrsab´rsl´
munnwgánsikßaFm’
eyIg
smµaTidæikñúgmK:manGg: 8 k¾ekItminán / kMuePøcfa smµasti nig
ekItmkeRBa¼GviC¢a eRBa¼GviC¢aena¼Ég Cabc©&y[ekIt / eyIgman
smµasmaFi nwgRtÚvekItrYmCamYysmµaTidæi eTIbCaGg:rbs´mK:man
EPñk
Gg: 8 .
emah£ EdlekItBIkardwgGarmµN_pøÚvEPñk Rtecok Rcmu¼ GNþat
s-
GñkEdlmanbsaTminlð
ceRmInsmfPavna[citþs¶b´
Camun eTIbceRmInvibsßna minRbesIr¦ ?
citþ
Rcmu¼
GNþat
kay
citþ
manelaP£
eTas£
EteyIgmindwgsPavFm’TaMgT,ayena¼tamesckþIBit
eTIbeyIgmanGviC¢a .
q- GñkEdlceRmInsmfPavna eRBa¼man«bnisß&ysnßMmk [CaGñkmanRbRktIceRmInsmf£
kay
Rtecok
ebIsikßa
nig
BicarNaFm’
k¾epþImyl´GMBICIvítánRtwmRtÚv
epßgKñaCamYyGñkEdlceRmIn
esckþIyl´RtwmRtÚvena¼ eFVI[eyIgrsab´rsl´dUcemþcán Rbsin
vibsßnaPavna eRBa¼Kitfa RtÚvceRmInsmfPavna edIm,I[mansti
ebIeyIgceRmInvibsßna edayminánsikßa[yl´ eyIgk¾mindwg
eRcIn @ Camun eTIbceRmInvibsßnaán .
fa GVICakarbdibtþiRtÚv GVICakarbdibtþixus eyIgGacRcLMvibsßna
cMeBa¼GñkmanbsaTminlð
nwgsikßaRB¼Fm’
ehIyRbRBwtþ
nwgsmf£ ehIyeyIgGacKitfa RtÚvceRmInsmf£mun eTIbceRmIn
72
73
vibsßna / eyIgGacKitfa nwgtaMgcitþ[stiekItán ebIdUecña¼ k¾mindwglkçN£rbs´smµasti kñúgmK:manGg: 8 / eyIgmindwgfa
ceRmInsti karyl´RtÚv Cabc©&ydl´karceRmInstib,dæan . smñak´bdibtþi
eKGaceRtkGr
Cab´CMBak´kñúgsPaBs¶b´s¶at´
stiCaGntþa eyIgnwgRbkan´stiCatYxøÜn pl k¾KW karRbkan´maMfa
EdlCakarRbkan´maM nig GacCab´CMBak´kñúgsPaBs¶b´s¶at´eRcIn
CatYxøÜnCMnYs / eyIgGacKitfa eyIgdwgsPavFm’
dwgkar
eT,Ig @ RKb´eBl ebImanGVIEdlmins¶b´ k¾Cabc©&y[ekIteTas£
ekIt-rlt´rbs´sPavFm’ EttamesckþIBit eyIgmindwgGVIeT,Iy
nig kalebIRtLb´mkCaCIvítRbRktIRbcaMéf¶ k¾ceRmInstiminán
eyIgvegVgeCOfa dwgsc©Fm’ehIy eyIgminKYrePøcfa karsikßa
eRBa¼CIvítRbcaMéf¶minmankars¶b´ .
nig
Gñkxø¼Kitfa eK ² cUlbdibtþi ³ ebIenAsmñak´bdibtþi nig
RB¼Fm’ Cabc©&yd¾sMxan´énkarceRmInmK:manGg: 8 . s-
b¨uEnþGñkEdlepþImceRmInstib,dæan
minGacnwgtaMgmaM
ecjcakbdibtþi ³ ebICaCIvítRbRktIRbcaMéf¶
²
karceRmInvibsßna
kñúgnamFm’ nig rUbFm’án eKminKYreTAkan´kEnøgEdlcMeBa¼ dUcCa
minman ² eK ³ nwg ² ecj ³ / KYrceRmInstiRKb´eBl minfa
smñak´bdibtþiEdls¶at´¦ ? mnusßedayeRcInmankarRcbUkRcbl´
nwgenATINak¾eday .
kñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶
rhUtceRmInstiminán
enAÉsmñak´bdibtþi
eK
rEmgGactaMgcitþceRmInstib,dæan nig taMgmaMkñúgnam-rUb án . q-
karKitnwgeTAsmñak´bdibtþi
edIm,ItaMgcitþceRmInstiena¼
s- ánRCabfa GñkEdlepþImceRmInvibsßna KYreFVIGVI @ yWt @ edIm,I[manstieRcIn @ KYrTTYlTanGaharyWt @ nig edIryWt @ pg .
eRBa¼mankareXIjxusfa mantYxøÜn / smñak´bdibtþimanRbeyaCn_
q- evlaelIkédyWt @ edIm,I[manstieRcIn @ ena¼ citþ
kñúgvis&yec¼dwgRB¼Fm’ EtminKYrKitfa RtÚveTAsmñak´bdibtþiedIm,I
RbePTNa Cabc©&y[eFVIy¨agena¼ manesckþIRtÚvkarGVIxø¼¦eT? .
74
75 CatYxøÜn
s- man manesckþIRtÚvkarsti . q-
ebIy¨agena¼
k¾CaelaPmUlcitþ
elakKitdl´stieday
esckþIRtÚvkar Kitdl´sPavFm’EdlminTan´Rákd Cab´CMBak´kñúg vtSúEdlenAminTan´ekIteT,Ig
/
GñkEdledIrtamEbb
(
EdltaMgeT,IgCaRkitRkm
)
edIm,I[manstieRcIn @ k¾mann&ydUcKña eKRtÚvkarsti nigmankar eXIjfa mantYxøÜn .
CMnYskarrlwkdwgvtSúEdlRákdkñúg
eyIgminKYrePøcdl´Griysc©Fm’ TI 2 Edlándl´ tNHa
xN£ena¼ elakmindwgxøÜnfa kMBugRtÚvkarsti EtkareXIj kar|
EdlCaehtu[ekItTukç / drabNamanesckþIRtÚvkarnamFm’ rUbFm’
kMBugRákd k¾mindwglkçN£rbs´sPavFm’ena¼ @ dUecña¼eTIbman
k¾manCati ( karekIt ) minputBIesckþITukçeT,Iy / ebIRtÚvkar
tYxøÜnCaGñkRtÚvkar
ceRmInvibsßna nig Ráfñapl k¾eQµa¼fa ePøcGriysc©Fm’TI 2
mantYxøÜnCaGñkeXIj
CaGñk|
sUmkMuePøcfa
cMNucsMxan´kñúgkarceRmInvibsßna KW edIm,Il¼bg´kareXIjxusfa
dUcCa
CatYxøÜn[Gs´ .
EdlepßgKñaénkareXIj nig BN’ ( vtSúEdlRákdpøÚvEPñk ) / kar
GñkceRmInstiminTan´ánb¨unµanpg
k¾Ráfñacg´dwgsPav£
xN£TTYlTanGahar kielsrEmgekIt eRBa¼enAminTan´án
án| nig sMeT,g Ráfñacg´eXIjc,as´karekItrlt´rbs´namFm’
l¼[Gs´ GaceBjcitþ ¦ Tas´citþ kñúgGaharEdlkMBugTTYlTan
nig rUbFm’ CaedIm . RbsinebICab´CMBak´Ráfñacg´ánjaNepßg @
b¨uEnþstik¾rlwkdwgsPav£rbs´namFm’TaMgena¼án / ebITTYlTan
k¾minGacdwgc,as´nUvsc©Fm’eT,Iy / karceRmInmK:manGg: 8 RtÚv
GaharyUr @ edIm,I[manstieRcIn @ k¾CakarCab´CMBak´kñúgsti
ceRmInyUr @ eTIbkm©at´kareXIjxusfa CatYxøÜnán bBaØaRtÚv
Gñkxø¼k¾Ráb´fa eK ² taMgsti ³ xN£TTYlTanGahar Baküniyay
dwglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’TaMgT,ayEdlRákd bBaØaceRmIn
rbs´eKbBa¢ak´fa manesckþIRtÚvkarsti nig mankareXIjxusfa
eT,Igán k¾eRBa¼karrlwkdwglkçN£rbs´namFm’ nigrUbFm’ rhUt
76
77 fa xøÜnvegVgePøcstieTAehIy nig kalebImanstiekIteT,Ig k¾man
ándwgc,as´ . s- eBlmanstieRcIn @ k¾mankars¶b´eRcIn dwgxøÜneBjcitþ
evlamansti
k¾km©at´GkuslxN£ena¼ecján
mansti
/
dUecña¼
karrlwkdwglkçN£rbs´
sPavFm’TaMgT,ayEdlRákd eTIbCaRbkarsMxan´Edlkm©at´bg´
esckþIs¶b´ minsUvánceRmInbBaØa[mutRsÜceT,Ig . q-
tYxøÜneRtkGrfa
nig
karRbkan´maMcMeBa¼sPavFm’TaMgT,ayán .
manesckþIs¶b´ dUecña¼k¾nwgeXIjánfa karceRmInmK:manGg: 8
RbsinebIeRtkGrkñúgkarmanstieRcIn @ k¾minKYrKitfa seRmc
k¾manesckþIs¶b´pgEdr / ÉkK:taectsik EdlekItCamYycitþdwg
Fm’ehIy KYrceRmInbBaØa[dwglkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ Cak´
lkçN£rbs´namFm’ rUbFm’ epßgKñanwgÉkK:taectsikEdlekIt
c,as´eT,Ig dUecña¼ smµavayam£ ( esckþIBüayamRtÚv ) eTIbCa
kñúgelaPmUlcitþ EdlCasPavFm’mins¶b´ .
Gg:mK: EdlxV¼mináneT,Iy kñúgmK:manGg: 8 .
manesckþIs¶b´eRcInRbePT kalánseRmcGriysc©Fm’ Ca
dUcEdleyIgeXIjehIyfa smµaTidæi nig smµasg;b,£ Ca
RB¼Grhnþ k¾km©at´kielsánCasmuecäT dUecña¼ RB¼niBVan eTIb
Gg:rbs´bBaØa kñúgmK:manGg: 8 / smµavaca smµakmµnþ£ nig
s¶b´Bit .
smµaGaCIv£ CaGg:rbs´sIl kñúgmK:manGg: 8 / smµavayam£
ebIeRtkGrkñúgesckþIs¶b´ kñúgxN£mansti k¾KYrdwgfa esckþI
smµasti nigsmµasmaFi CaGg:rbs´smaFi kñúgmK:manGg: 8 .
eRtkGrena¼ RtwmEtCanamFm’mYyRbePT ebIminrlwkdwgdUecña¼ k¾
ebIGg:mK:TaMgena¼ceRmIneT,Ig esckþIdwgsPaBrbs´namFm’ rUbFm’
mankareXIjxusfa CatYxøÜn nwgeXIjánfa kielsRkas´ENn
k¾Cak´c,as´
y¨agNa xN£EdlvegVgePøcsti
karRbkan´maMnamFm’ nig rUbFm’ án .
k¾mantYxøÜnCaGñkesaksþay
dUecña¼
bBaØa
kardwgy¨agen¼
eTIbCakarkm©at´bg´
78 s-
kñúgTIXnikay
mhastib,dæansURt
79 emIleXIjfa
das´etOn[rlwkdl´sPaBkarBit
dUcCa
eyIgGacrlwkdl´
GarmµN_EdlCasmfkmµdæan k¾rYmcUlenAkñúgstib,dæan 4 Edr
cMENkepßg @ rbs´ragkay dUcCa sk´ eram Rkck eFµj Es,k ¿¿¿
dUcCa Ganaánsßti GsuPkmµdæan nig kayKtasti rYmkñúg
CaedIm kñúgCIvítRbcaMéf¶ eyIgminánseg;tcMENkepßg @ énrag-
kayanubsßna
kayTaMgT,ayen¼xø¼eT¦ / mnusßRKb´rUb mansk´ Rkck eFµj
ehtuGVIánCaminEcksmfkmµdæanecjBIvibsß-
nakmµdæan minKYr[layLMKña . q-
RB¼manRB¼PaK
edayRB¼mhakruNaKuN
RTg´sEmþgFm’RKb´Rbkar
Es,k minBit¦ EdlcMENkepßg @ énragkayCabdikUlERb EdlmanBit
RbÜl ?
eFVI[rlwkdl´esckþImineTogán eyIgmankarvegVgePøc
RB¼Gg:RTg´Rtas´dwgGFüaRs&yrbs´
sti EtPaBbdikUlrbs´sk´ Rkck eFµj Es,k nig cMENkdéT
buK:lTaMgT,ay ehtuena¼ RTg´eTIbsEmþgFm’edIm,IGnueRKa¼ eday
rbs´ragkay k¾eFVI[rlwkdl´sPaBBitán eFVI[stirlwkdwg
n&yRbkarepßg @ RB¼Gg:RTg´sEmþgkuslFm’RKb´RbePT / kar
sPavFm’EdlánRákdkñúgxN£ena¼ / stiGacrlwkdwgnamFm’
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át´dMbg / éf¶GaTitü 10 ekIt Exktþik B¿s¿ 2548 21 - 11 - 2004