Report on npa

Technical Report: Costing the National Plan of Action for Orphans, Children Affected by HIV, and Other Vulnerable Children in Cambodia, 2008-2010

Jane Begala, MSPH, MBA Shetal Datta, MPH Constella Futures

January 24th – 30th, 2008 Apsara Angkor Hotel Siem Reap, Cambodia

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Background: During 2007, the National Multisectoral OVC Task Force spearheaded a participatory process of developing a national situational analysis of orphans, children affected by HIV, and other vulnerable children (OVC) in Cambodia. Subsequently, the findings from the analysis were used to develop a three-year national action plan, which is in the process of being finalized. Constella Futures supported and facilitated the costing and finalization of the national OVC action plan via an approach that: a) Provided training and capacity building to a national consultant and ministry representatives on costing, GOALS-centered methodology, an overview of the OVC cost model, and an overview of the OVC unit cost survey; b) Developed a five-province inclusive costing survey to collect unit cost data of government and non-government provided services and support for OVC in Cambodia and current and anticipated resource availability; c) Determined the resource needs, based on unit costs applied to the OVC cost model, specific for Cambodia; d) Estimated the resource gaps for the first year of the plan (2008) in order to inform resource mobilization efforts that will ensure implementation of the first year’s priorities.

There are dual purposes of this approach, i.e., to technically support evidence-based costing of the three-year national OVC action plan while also building the ability of the National Multisectoral OVC Task Force and its partners to strategically prioritize, mobilize sufficient resources, and build skills and partnerships in order to ensure implementation of the plan in subsequent phases.

The participatory budgeting process also contributes to strategic prioritization and enhanced partnership building, paving the way for multi-sectoral implementation of the strategy.

Methodology: Step 1: Constella Futures conducted an extensive literature search that identified relevant data from a review of Cambodia’s Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), the most current official (NCADS) national HIV prevalence data, and other data used to estimate the number of orphans, children affected by HIV, and other vulnerable children in Cambodia. Sources are documented in the attached Budget Footnotes.

Step 2: A review of the Cambodia-relevant OVC data and inventory of organizations serving OVC available from the UNAIDS/UNICEF OVC Coverage Survey conducted in 2005-6 by Constella Futures was used as a reference point for creating and administering the OVC Unit Cost Survey.

Step 3: An OVC unit cost survey was developed (for the low HIV prevalence situation and specific vulnerabilities experienced by children in Cambodia). The unit cost survey included unit costs of essential services and support (as defined by the National Plan of Action) and resources currently available and anticipated by each organization serving OVC in Phnom Penh, Kampong Cham, Battambang, Kampong Speu and Kampong Thom --five of the seven provinces that have the highest numbers of OVC in Cambodia. 1 Step 4: A stakeholder meeting held on December 5, 2007 was attended by 47 representatives of organizations and agencies providing direct services or funding to OVC-related programs in Cambodia. The purposes of the stakeholder meeting were to:

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The National Plan of Action for Orphans, Children Affected by HIV and Other Vulnerable Children in Cambodia 2008-2010. Draft dated July 12, 2007.

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Review and provide feedback about the content in the OVC Unit Cost Survey and readapt it so that it best captures cost data for OVC-related services in the Cambodian context; and • Provide input and select a pool of organizations to be interviewed in the data collection process. Selected organizations to be surveyed included a diverse set of organizations implementing OVC programs -- by province, organizational type (INGO, LNGO, FBO), and type of service/support provided.

Step 5: Constella Futures trained and apprenticed the national consultant (hired by UNICEF) in the data collection process.

Step 6: Data collection was conducted by a national consultant, with written and verbal technical direction provided by Constella Futures. A survey guide was developed to standardize data collection; data entry forms and a summary template ensured complete and accurate data collection; and Constella Futures staff provided on-the-job training to the national consultant during initial interviews. The national consultant collected OVC unit cost and coverage data from 39 non-government organizations and 19 government organizations (see Appendix 2: Participating Organizations in OVC Unit Cost Survey of 2007).

Step 7: The initial survey data was reviewed by Constella Futures for completeness and reliability. Given the very short timeframe for this activity, any outlying data that could not be verified was eliminated prior to data analysis and input into the Cambodia-specific OVC cost model. The summary data was presented as a minimum-maximum range with median unit costs and used during the costing workshop (see next step).

Step 8: UNICEF, MOSVY and the NAA invited governmental and civil society technical experts to a 6-day national OVC costing workshop on January 24th-30th at the Apsara Angkor Hotel in Siem Reap, Cambodia (see Appendix 3: Members of the Technical Working Group). During the workshop, the results of the OVC unit cost survey and the Cambodia-specific OVC cost model were reviewed and discussed including: • Appropriate unit cost inputs for each specific strategy and sub-strategy (and each program activity) within the three-year national OVC action plan; • Agreement about current coverage rates and reasonable, achievable scale up for each service/support area within the three year timeframe; • Agreement about reasonable indirect costs (i.e., costs for service delivery, including management, national coordination, quality assurance, capacity building, research, and monitoring and evaluation).

• Estimation of additional community mobilization costs not captured in the strategy.

• “Resources needed”, estimated for each priority service area described in the National OVC Action Plan; • Available resources for the first year strategic priorities; and • “Resource gaps” (between resources needed and resources available) for the first year priorities.

All key data inputs, sources and assumptions used, and decisions reached during the OVC costing workshop were documented in a set of Budget Footnotes that accompanied the final version OVC cost estimate (see Appendix 1: Budget Footnotes).

Step 9: Constella Futures assisted the costing workshop participants to produce a PowerPoint presentation of the costed three-year national OVC plan. The presentation was held for ten members of the National Multisectoral OVC Task Force on January 29, 2008 (see Appendix 4: Members of the NOVCTF Meeting with the Technical Working Group). The Task Force members verified that the draft cost estimate aligns with strategic priorities of the three-year plan.

The PowerPoint presentation included estimated resources and resource gaps for the first year implementation of the national OVC plan.

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Step 10: Based on the feedback received from the National Multisectoral OVC Task Force, the cost estimate of the three-year National OVC Action Plan (and Budget Footnotes) were finalized.

Step 11: Copies of the final OVC cost model and PowerPoint presentation were distributed to key stakeholders.

Deliverables Provided by Constella Futures during this Activity: The following deliverables have been transferred to UNICEF for distribution to all technical working group members and other interested OVC stakeholders: • Final cost estimate (see OVC Cost Model of 1 29 08.xls) • Final PowerPoint presentation of budget calculations and highlights (see Final Cambodia PPT pres for NOVCTF 1 29 08.ppt) • Final Budget Footnotes (see Latest Budget Footnotes Summary 1 30 08) • Technical report and recommendations (End of Trip Technical Report 1 30 08) • Handouts used during the OVC costing workshop (Summary of OVC Unit Costs from Cambodia, 2007; Summary of OVC Coverage and Costs Reported by NGOs from OVC Coverage Survey of 2005-6; Summary of OVC Coverage and Costs Reported by Ministries from OVC Coverage Survey of 2005-6) • Final OVC Unit Cost Survey for Cambodia (2007) Highlights and Key Decisions: A) Target Population of Orphans, Children affected by HIV/AIDS, and Other Vulnerable Children (OVC) in Cambodia The estimated population of OVC most in need of public assistance in Cambodia is approximately 1,690,000. This is the number of OVC who are living below the poverty line in Cambodia. Because complete data was not available for each category of “vulnerable” children (e.g., migrant children, children who are trafficked, children involved in prostitution, etc.), this figure is an extremely conservative estimate that underestimates that size of the total population most in need.

Note that because projected national HIV prevalence declines in Cambodia, the number of OVC projected in Spectrum also declines slightly each year as shown: 2007 – 1,690,034 2008 – 1,651,373 2009 – 1,603,445 2010 – 1,529,354 “Vulnerability” was defined and calculated by the OVC technical working group at the workshop included the following categories of children: • Children affected/infected by HIV- NCHADS 2007 National strategy states that there are 6,000 children are infected with HIV and 136,715 affected children. This equals 142,715 children infected and affected by HIV. Note that this category includes children living with parents who are chronically ill due to HIV. • Children living with chronically ill parents (due to other causes, other than HIV) – statistics not found • Street children- (Source: 2006-2007 Snapshot survey from Mith Samlahn) Based on the 6 provinces that have NGOs operating and serving street children, Mith Samlahn estimates 17,000 in Phnom Penh, 1,200 in Pailin, 1,500 in Siem Reap, 1,300 in Bunthy Men Chey, 3,000 in Kampong Som and 700 in Sianoukhville. Conservative estimate totals 24,700 street children.

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Children suffering from rape and physical abuse- (Source: 2007 ADHOC annual report) 356 total rape cases were reported in 2007, of which 75% (or 267) are among minors.

The technical working group decided that this is such an enormous underestimate that the number was doubled to 534 OVC who are victims of rape. The group searched but was unable to locate data for number of children suffering from physical abuse, so that was not included in this estimate.

Children involved in substance abuse- (Source: National Authority for Combating Drugs 2007) 5,797 children were reported as using drugs in 2007. Based on the UNDP and WHO figures, we multiplied this number by 10 to equal 57,970 children are involved in substance abuse for 2007.

Children working as domestic workers and child laborers- The National Institute of Statistics survey from the Ministry of Planning in 2003 estimates that there are 1.5 million child laborers and 28,000 domestic workers in Phnom Penh ages 7-17. A UN study also stated that nearly 1.5 million Cambodian children ages 7-17 years old are engaged in child labor. Additional data from the ILO stated that 250,000 Cambodian children are in the worst forms of child labor (defined as slavery and sexual exploitation).

The group decided on the extremely conservative estimate of 250,000 child laborers for this category. The data for calculating the number of children working as domestic workers was not included in this estimate because it is not available.

Children who are trafficked- Data not available.

Children whose parents are currently and formerly imprisoned- (Source: 2007 Ministry of the Interior). It was estimated that 15,000 inmates are in the prison system. It was assumed that half of the inmates have children, and then that figure was multiplied by the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) for Cambodia = 3. Therefore, there are approximately 22,500 children whose parents are currently or were formerly in prison.

Children living in prison- (Source: January 2008. Department of Corrections and The Ministry of the Interior) It is estimated that there are 663 children ages 14-18 years old who are in prison; an additional 52 children live with mothers in prison settings.

Therefore the estimated total is 715 children living in prison.

Children involved in prostitution- (Source: Ministry of Planning 2007) A member of the technical working group estimated an average 70,000 persons involved in prostitution in Cambodia. 35% of the prostitutes are minors, or approximately 24,500 children involved in prostitution in Cambodia.

Children living in brothels with their mothers (who are sex workers)-Data not available, but we have included it as part of our definition at the suggestion of the National OVC Taskforce.

Children from extreme poverty- (Source: World Bank 2005) 35% of the households are living under the poverty line, or a total of 885,000 households are living below the poverty line. Approximately 1/3 of these households live in the most extreme poverty.

The technical working group estimated very conservatively that this extreme poverty affects 300,000 OVC (assuming only 1 OVC per extremely poor household).

Out of school OVC - (Source: SEILA 2007). It was estimated that 76,372 children age 614 that are out of school OVC/youth. This figure was based on data collected from the Commune Councils throughout Cambodia.

Migrant children- Data not available.

Children whose parents are disabled-(Source: The Ministry of Planning 2007, Cambodian Human Development report 2000 entitled “Children and Employment”). It was estimated that there are 35,467 adults who are disabled. The group assumed that approximately half of them are parents (17,734) and then multiplied that figure by the

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Cambodian TFR of 3. Total estimate is that there are 53,202 children whose parents are disabled.

Children living with disabilities-(Source: The Ministry of Planning 2007). It was reported that there are 11,395 children less than 18 years old (living outside of orphanages) who are living with disabilities. There are an additional 103 children with disabilities living in the 9 state orphanages Source: MoSVY. There are also 1354 children with disabilities living in the NGO orphanages (MosVY). Since this data only accounted for 11 provinces in Cambodia, the group calculated 12,852 + .5 or 6426 additional children living with disabilities in the other 11 provinces. The total estimate is 19,278 children living with disabilities.

B) Summary Cost Estimate by Major Strategic Service Area The following costs for each major service area (for the first year and all three years of the National OVC Action Plan) were determined during the costing workshop: • Educational Support for In- and Out-of-School OVC 2008 - $11,710,524 3-year total: $56,312,034 • Food Support and Security 2008 - $44,533,311 3-year total: $131,900,376 • Healthcare 2008 - $9,712,432 3-year total: $43,053,435 • Alternative Care and Child Protection 2008 - $2,086,922 3-year total: $13,114,242 • Psychosocial Support 2008 – $1,267,429 3-year total: $7,250,055 • Economic Support 2008 - $2,918,898 3-year total: $17,051,478 • Community Support 2008 - $307,064 ** 3-year total: $1,246,969 The total year 1 budget across these major direct service areas is US$72.5M ; the total 2008-2010 3-year total is US$265.9M. Food support constitutes 50% of the year 1 cost estimate. The technical experts and members of the NOVCTF discussed/debated the merits and challenges of food support as the priority area, trying to balance short-term emergency services with longerterm, sustainable services (such as economic support activities). It was agreed, however, that adequate nutrition is key to children’s mental and physical development and is the underpinning to attaining learning milestones. The percentage of the budget covering food costs decreases over time, while the percentage providing economic support increases.

A couple of notes about the budget: - **While “Community Support” seems like a very low part of the overall budget (.3%), the technical working group decided to add 1% of total direct program costs for community mobilization activities implied (but not stated) in the strategy. This means that in addition to the $307,064 for 2008, an additional $725,366 has been set aside – within “Organizational Costs”.

This amounts to a total of $1,032,430 (or approximately 1.1% of the overall budget for 2008).

- After much debate, the technical working group decided to add 10% for salaries, increasing the “Organizational Costs” to 22% of the direct program budget (see below). This was felt to be a critical factor for enabling NGOs to reach difficult-to-reach OVC (i.e., remotely rural, migrant, street children, children living in brothels or prisons, etc.).

C) Summary Cost Estimate of Organizational Costs

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Organizations participating in the OVC Unit Cost Survey reported that 20-22% of their total OVC program costs were spent on management/administration and related organizational costs (monitoring and evaluation, networking and coordination, training, research, etc.). The technical experts estimated 22% organizational costs as follows: • Management, National Coordination, and Quality Assurance – 4% • Capacity Building – 2% • Research, Monitoring and Evaluation – 5% • Community Mobilization – 1% • Salaries – 10% Organizational Costs (@22%) for 2008 = $ 15,958,048 Organizational Costs (@22%) by 2010 = $ 22,739,275 (Note that the additional $7.3M of the $15.9M organizational costs for 2008 were decided upon by the technical working group following the presentation with the National OVC Task Force members.)

D) Estimated Unit Cost Per OVC for 2008 A conservative estimate of the number of OVC who will be reached by each service area in 2008 is given in the table below. These estimates were taken from the OVC cost model and are purposefully conservative to try to account for any double counting (of those OVC who receive more than one service).

Education

117,129

Food Health – including pediatric HIV

345,219

OVC Protection

127,899

310,839

Psychosocial Support 82,569 Economic Support

193,774

Community Support 1,000 Therefore, an estimated unit cost of $75.10/OVC/year is derived from dividing the 2008 budget ($88,494,628) by the total number reached in 2008 in the above table (or a total of 1,178,429).

This figure is alarming small – it amounts to 20 cents or 800 Riels per day per OVC -- much smaller than the unit cost of services per OVC per year in most African countries.

Technical Recommendations and Next Steps: The following recommendations and next steps are the result of lengthy conversations among the technical working group following the meeting with the National OVC Task Force members on January 29: 1) Finalize the national OVC strategy and obtain MoSVY approval. In the process of finalizing the National Plan of Action for Orphans, Children Affected by HIV, and Other

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Vulnerable Children in Cambodia (2008-2010), the strategy needs to be better aligned with the Situation and Response Analysis of July 2007 and updated to include: • The expanded, specific definition of OVC, including all components and numbers estimated for vulnerable OVC during the OVC costing workshop; • A clear Monitoring and Evaluation Plan for the strategy (with clear indicators to monitor both programmatic progress and financial accountability)(the cost estimate for M&E may then need to be revised); • Narrative text describing each service/support and method of service delivery.

Since much of this work was accomplished during the OVC costing workshop, the Budget Footnotes should be heavily consulted during strategy finalization.

• Food support (especially emergency food support) is an underpinning of a child’s development and ability to benefit from the other more sustainable services and support provided by the national OVC strategy. For that reason, it is anticipated that food support will comprise the majority of the budget for future years of the strategy (assuming that OVC probably fare worse than the average child, and yet noting that there is a 37% rate of stunting and 36% rate of underweight across all Cambodian children under five according to the Cambodian Demographic Health Survey of 2005).

• Direct material assistance should be provided some proportion of OVC each year, though this is not currently included in the strategy. The median unit costs (per OVC per year) for each type of material support, as reported by the OVC Unit Cost Survey of 2007 (Constella Futures) are: Bednets $3.00 Clothes $5.00 Blankets and bedding $3.00 Material support to rebuild/repair a house $20.00 Other $ 7.00 A fundraising plan needs to be developed and carried out immediately, also taking advantage of the Global Fund Round 8 proposal opportunity to include an OVC-specific proposal from Cambodia.

It is obvious from this costing exercise that better baseline data is needed, particularly with regards to numbers of each category of vulnerable OVC. Since the Commune Database is to be used as the basis for OVC advocacy (see 2.1.2 within the national strategy), this database should be carefully strengthened to include all vulnerable groups.

There are a large number of “next steps”, including labor-intensive fundraising, proposal writing, implementation planning, etc. Expert technical assistance will be needed at each stage to include input from the technical working group and other members of the NOVCTF who are not able to dedicate full-time effort to these tasks.

Develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for line ministries to coordinate government-led implementation.

A staff audit needs to be undertaken to assess human (not just financial) resources. A staff plan needs to be developed as part of implementation planning.

A more detailed resource tracking system needs to be developed to monitor resources promised and actually allocated (and at what level, down to community) for each resource needed. The technical working group thinks this system should include all NGOs working with OVC and suggested a review of all OVC budgets for all NGOs registered with the Ministry of Interior in order to form a more complete current resource picture.

A government and non-government committee needs to be organized to assist the NOVCTF in developing an implementation plan and actually implementing/coordinating

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implementation of the 2008 strategy. This committee would also be responsible for monitoring financial dispersals and for accountability that should penetrate to the community level, in order to assure that intended services and support are actually reaching OVC in the communities where they live.

9) Constella Futures suggests that implementation of the strategy should proceed immediately (to avoid further delays in reaching OVC with essential services and support) but also in stages, in order to build quality coordinated implementing mechanisms and means for monitoring progress and in order to build capacity of major partners. We recommend that UNICEF consider funding a pilot approach to implementation planning of the national strategy in one or two provinces developed by Jane Begala of Constella Futures. This would allow for implementation to begin to roll out in two provinces while national level systems strengthening and capacity building is occurring, and while seeking funding for large-scale implementation. Concept paper will follow.

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APPENDIX 1

Budget Footnotes – Cambodia National Plan of Action for OVC Goal: To strengthen the coordination, systems and coverage and quality of services needed to mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS on the lives and futures of Cambodian children.

OVC Population Most in Need: 1,690,000 OVC – orphans and vulnerable children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS and other causes and living below the poverty line (Source: Constella Futures Spectrum Cost model based UNAIDS Cambodia 2006 data projections) Timeframe for National Response to OVC: 3 years to build capacity and begin to deliver minimum packages of support/services to OVC most in need, beginning in 5 priority provinces Note: Costs are expressed in these footnotes and in the OVC cost model in $US (exchange rate used is $US1 = 3883 Cambodian Riel) The CDHS 2005 estimates that: • 9% of all children in Cambodia are orphans. This is approximately (570,000 children).

• 1% of all children are double orphans (66,000 children) • Single orphans equal children who have lost either their mother or father.

• Double orphans equal children under the age of 18whose mothers and fathers have both died.

• Children affected by HIV/AIDS equals children under 18 years of age who are: – Infected with HIV – Orphans who have lost one or both parents due to AIDS – Vulnerable children whose survival, well-being or development is threatened or negatively impacted.

– Children living in affected families and/or those families that have taken in children orphaned or displaced by HIV. Definition of OVC Population Most in Need: “Vulnerability” as defined and calculated by the OVC technical working group at the workshop included the following categories of children: -Children affected/infected by HIV- NCHADS 2007 National strategy states that there are 6,000 children are infected with HIV and 136,715 affected children. This equals 142,715 children infected and affected by HIV -Street children- (Source: 2006-2007 Snapshot survey from Mith Samlahn) Street children are defined by three different definitions. 1.) Children living on the street independently, 2.) Children working on the street, but living with their families and 3.) Children who live on the street with their families. Based on the 6 provinces that have NGOs operating and serving street children and Mith Samlahn estimated the following numbers of street children: 17,000 in Phnom Penh, 1,200 in Pailin, 1500 in Siem Reap, 1300 in Bunthy Men Chey, 3,000 in Kampong Som and 700 in Sianoukhville =700. This equals 24,700 Street children.

Children suffering from rape and physical abuse- (Source: 2007 ADHOC annual report) states that 356 reported rape cases were reported in 2007. 75% of these are minors. 356 x .75 = 267 children suffering from rape. The group felt this number was an underestimate so the figure was multiplied by 2 to equal 534 children suffering from rape and physical abuse. This does not seem to be a proper estimate; however it was the only information that was available. The data

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for calculating the number of children suffering from physical abuse was not included in this estimate because it is not available.

Children involved in substance abuse- (Source: National Authority for Combating Drugs 2007) There were 5,797 children were reported as using drugs. Based on the UNDP and WHO figures, we multiplied this number by 10 to equal 57,970 children are involved in substance abuse for 2007 Children working as domestic workers and child laborers- The National Institute of Statistics survey from the Ministry of Planning in 2003 estimates that there are 1.5 million child laborers and 28,000 domestic workers in Phnom Penh ages 7-17. A UN study also stated that nearly 1.5 million Cambodian children ages 7-17 years old are engaged in child labor. Additional data from the ILO stated that 250,000 Cambodian children are in the worst forms of child labor (This includes slavery and sexual exploitation). The group decided conservative estimate of 250,000 child laborers for this category. The data for calculating the number of children working as domestic workers was not included in this estimate because it is not available.

Children who are trafficked- Data not available Children whose parents are currently and formerly imprisoned- (Source: 2007 Ministry of the Interior). It was estimated that 15,000 inmates are in the prison system. It was assumed that half of the inmates have children, and that figure was multiplied by the Total Fertility Rate in Cambodia =3, therefore, 22,500 children whose parents are currently in prison or were formerly in prison.

Children living in prison- (Source: January 2008. Department of Corrections and The Ministry of the Interior) It was estimated that there are 663 children ages 14-18 years old who are in prison. It was also estimated that there are 52 children who have followed their mothers to live in prison. After summing these two figures it was estimated that there are 715 children living in prison.

Children living in brothels -Data not available, but we have included it as part of our definition.

This was added at the meeting with the National OVC Taskforce Children from the poorest household- (Source: CDHS 2005) 35% of the households are living under the poverty line to estimate this figure. 885,000 households are living below the poverty line. Approximately 1/3 of these households live in the most extreme poverty. The technical working group estimated very conservatively that this extreme poverty affects (300,000 OVC).

This assumes that there is only one OVC per household.

Out of school children- (Source: SEILA 2007). It was estimated that 76,372 children ages 6-14 that are out of school youth. This figure was based on data collected from the Commune Councils throughout Cambodia.

Migrant children- Data not available -Children whose parents are disabled-(Source: The Ministry of Planning 2007, Cambodian Human Development report 2000 entitled “Children and Employment�). It was estimated that there are 35,467 adults who are disabled. The group assumed that approximately half of them are parents, 17,734 and then multiplied that figure by the Cambodian TFR of 3 to equal 53,202 children whose parents are disabled.

Children living with disabilities-(Source: The Ministry of Planning 2007). It was reported that there are 11,395 children less than 18 years old living outside of orphanages living with disabilities. There are also 103 children with disabilities living in the 9 state orphanages Source: MoSVY. There are also 1354 children living in the NGO orphanages (MosVY). This data only

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accounted for 11 provinces in Cambodia. The group calculated that 12,852 + .5 to account for the other 11 provinces= 6426. This equaled 19,278 children living with disabilities.

Children involved in Prostitution- (Source: Ministry of Planning 2007) There was an estimate brought up by the group that figured an average 70,000 persons involved in prostitution in Cambodia. 35% of the prostitutes are minors. 35% of 70,000 equal 24,500 children involved in prostitution in Cambodia.

The Technical Working Group estimates that in 2007 there were: O =715,651 (Source: Spectrum UNAIDS 2006 calculation and NCHADS National HIV prevalence estimates) V = 972,486 (Source: See budget footnotes for sources used during technical discussions). __________________________________________________________ Total estimated OVC=1,688,137 (January 2008)

The participants spent three days of concerted effort discussing and costing the program activities that were related to providing direct service delivery to the OVCs. The other program activities such as training, capacity building, monitoring and evaluation, community mobilization, quality assurance, research and coordination were placed in a budget line item called “Organizational costs� which accounts for 22% of the budget. Organizational Costs was then and organized into the following categories: Capacity building (2%), Research and Monitoring and Evaluation (5%), Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance (4%), Community Mobilization (1%), Staff salaries (10%) .

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STRATEGIES/PROGRAM ACTIVITIES

BUDGET FOOTNOTES

Strategy 1: Strengthen the capacity of families to protect and care for orphans and vulnerable children.

Specific Strategies 1.1- Increase the economic security of households supporting OVC. Program Activity1.1.1: Increase percentage of households with OVC that receive minimum package of support (i.e. Food security support, psychosocial support, economic support, education support, OVC self help groups)

Food security support: The Technical working group used the Standard Minimum package of Food Support criteria as defined by National OVC Strategy. These items were costed by using the median cost data from the OVC Unit Cost Survey.

Households of OVCs are generally given: •

30kgs of rice per month/OVC = 1700 Riel. 1700/3883= .43 cents/month x 12 month= $5.25 per year per child.

• 1 liter of cooking oil/month • ½ kilo of iodized salt/month • 1 L fish sauce/month = $17.00/month + $4.50 for dry fish/month This equals a total of 21.50/month x 12= $258.00 per year/per household to give he minimum package of food support.

There are 2,530,000 households in Cambodia (CDHS 2005) and 1,690, 000 OVC (based on the calculation from the Working Groups definition of OVC).

In order to reach the OVC that are most in need, multiplied the percentage of households living in poverty 2,530,000 x .35 (35% living below the poverty line CDHS 2005)= 885,000 households living below the poverty line.

1,690,034 total OVC /885,000=1.90 child per household= 2 OVC per poor household.

The median unit cost for providing the minimum package of food support to 1 OVC/year = $258.00 per household/2 OVCs per household= =$129.00 unit cost per OVC. The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to deliver the minimum package of support to OVCs from the poorest households are: UNIT COSTS: 2008 2009 2010 1.1 Min package food support to all OVC $129.00 $129.00 $129.00

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NUMBERS REACHED: 2008 2009 2010 330,275 320,689 305,871 Note: The numbers REACHED have also taken into account the decreasing prevalence rates of HIV in (These figures are based on NCHADS 2007 data that was pre-loaded in the cost model) RESOURCES NEEDED: 1.1 Min package food support to all OVC

2008 2009 42,605,416 41,368,881

2010 39,457,338

Psychosocial or Emotional Rehabilitation Support: The Cambodian National Strategy states that the Minimum Package shall include: © Psychological or emotional rehabilitation support: o For the children: counseling, home visit, creational activities (playing, child club, social gathering, …), memory book, … o For the care giver: counseling, home visit, holiday from the duty, care giver network, … ©

Self reliance support: Life skill education/training to children and care giver: (decision making, communication, negotiation, problem solving, stress deduction, small business making/ income generation, house management …)

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Reintegration into family, school, works…

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Case management skill for social worker: all the persons contacted with children must be well trained on social work, especially case management.

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Advocacy to addressing stigma and discrimination, equality of school access, birth registration, food and nutrition, shelter (alternative care).

In order to calculate the costs for delivering psychosocial support services for OVC from the poorest households, the Technical Working Group utilized the median unit costs from the looked at the OVC Unit Cost Survey of 2007.

The median unit costs for survey line items questions 15a Psychosocial support as defined by the organization=$13.15 and 15c, The establishment of support groups and on-going support groups=$2.00.

This equaled a total unit cost of $15.35 to provide psychosocial support to one OVC/year.

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The coverage targets that were set by the Technical Working Group were 5% for 2008, 10% for 2009 and 15% for 2010 of the entire OVC population in need.

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to deliver Psychosocial or Rehabilitation Support to OVCs from the poorest households are: UNIT COSTS: 1.1 Psychosocial Support for all OVC

2008 $15.35

2009 $15.35

2010 $15.35

NUMBERS REACHED 2008

2009 82,569

2010 160,344

229,403

Note: The numbers REACHED have also taken into account the decreasing prevalence rates of HIV in (These figures are based on NCHADS 2007 data that was pre-loaded in the cost model.

RESOURCES NEEDED: 1.1 Psychosocial Support for all OVC

2008

2009

1,267,429

2,461,288

2010 3,521,338

Educational Support The Technical working group used the Standard Minimum package of Formal Educational criteria as defined by National OVC Strategy. This consists of the following: The package shall: • • • • • •

Encourage parents/families to enroll children in school Mobilize “community support” to support OVC education (books, pens, uniforms, transportation etc) Ensure the distribution of teachers’ books, students’ books, and other reading materials reach teachers, students, communities especially in remote areas.

Provide scholarship to needed children, reducing the rate of children following their parents (seasonal migration) Create “community learning centre” with activities that keep children’s interests in learning reduce class duplication or drop out, besides provide life skills to children Advocacy at all levels on all issues related to OVC’s education

Notes: The enrollment rate for primary school is 77%, So therefore 23% of the OVC population that is not receiving educational support = 179,534 (ages 6-13).

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There are 753,686 OVC who are of secondary school age (ages 14-18). The secondary enrollment rate is 28%., which means that 72% of the OVC of secondary school age who are not receiving educational support =542653. However, some of the OVC who are of secondary school age are eligible to receive other services such vocational training and microfinance support.

The median unit costs from the 2007 Unit Cost Survey were used to estimate the resources needed to provide educational support to the OVC most in need. The median unit costs that accounted for the total price of delivering educational support were the following: Books and supplies =$5.00. Uniforms at primary school= $4.00 and $8.00 for secondary school. Transportation assistance for primary school kids is $24.00 and secondary school is $35.00 (this cost included purchasing bicycles for OVC ages 1418). Each one of these line items is calculated separately in the cost model. The group decided not to cost the scholarships as a separate category because they assumed that the cost of scholarships to be embedded in the unit costs noted above. School fees for primary and secondary school were also not inputted because it is assumed that the government pays for school fees.

The coverage targets were set to provide 77% of OVC who are primary school age to receive educational support by 2010. For OVC of secondary school age the coverage targets were set to APPROXIMATELY 20% of OVC of secondary school age who are not receiving educational support. It was also noted that this is not a one time service; therefore he population reached in the previous year will be reached in following year along with a new percentage of OVC. The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to formal educational support to OVCs from the poorest households are:

UNIT COSTS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL: 2008 Education 1.1=3.1 1. Primary school a. School fees n/a b. Uniforms c. Books and supplies d. Transportation Assistance

$5.00 $5.00 $24.00

2009

2010

$5.00 $5.00 $24.00

$5.00 $5.00 $24.00

NUMBERS REACHED FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL: 2008 2009 2010 37,674 87,029 137,483 37,674 87,029 137,483 37,674 87,029 137,483

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RESOURCES NEEDED FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL: 2008 1. Primary school a. School fees n/a b. Uniforms c. Books and supplies d. Transportation Assistance

0 188,370 195,146 936,700

2009 0 435,145 468,350 2,248,080

2010 0 687,416 780,583 3,746,799

UNIT COSTS FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL: 2008 2. Secondary school a. School fees b. Uniforms c. Books and supplies d. Transportation Assistance

$8.00 $5.00 $35.00

2009

$8.00 $5.00 $35.00

2010

$8.00 $5.00 $35.00

NUMBERS REACHED FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL 2008 2009 2010 26,485 62,210 99,333 26,485 62,210 99,333 26,485 62,210 99,333

RESOURCES NEEDED FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL: 2008 2. Secondary school a. School fees b. Uniforms 86,542 c. Books and supplies 54,089 d. Transportation Assistance 378,623

2009

203,278 127,049 889,340

2010

324,581 202,863 1,420,044

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Vocational Training and Life Skills Training for Out of School Youth: There are 753,686 OVC of secondary school age. Of this amount 20% are being covered by formal secondary school education. (please see estimations above). The technical working group decided to target 11% of this of these OVC by the year 2010. The same coverage targets were used for calculating the resources needed to provide life skills training for our of school youth. According to the 2007 OVC coverage survey, we have

the unit costs for vocational training for school fees, books and supplies, transportation and special fees and assessments. The group discussed which elements from these units cost should be included for the vocational training line items in the budget. If we add all of these unit costs up, that equals $257.50.

The targets that we are using are the same as the Secondary educational support. 2008=5%, 2009=7% 2010=8%, this is not the same as secondary educational support in Cambodia they only support vocational training activities one year at a time, so after one year, they do not carry over to the following year.

Life Skills Training for Out of School Youth: The median unit cost for this from the 2007 Unit Cost survey =$7.05. Life skills was defined by the group self awareness, communication, interpersonal skills, creative thinking, decision-making, problem solving, HIV awareness, peer education. The same population of OVC who are receiving vocational training was used to calculate these estimates.

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to formal Vocational Training and Life Skills Training for in and out of school youth to OVCs from the poorest households are: UNIT COSTS: 3. Vocational Training a. School fees b. Books and Supplies c. Transportation Assistance d. Special Fees/assessments 1.1 Life Skills Training for out of school youth (part of Min Econ Package)

2008

2009

2010

$82.50 $118.00 $30.00 $27.00

$82.50 $118.00 $30.00 $27.00

$82.50 $118.00 $30.00 $27.00

$7.05

$7.05

$7.05

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NUMBERS REACHED: 2008 2009 26,485 36,289 26,485 36,289 26,485 36,289 26,485 36,289

2010 39,733 39,733 39,733 39,733

RESOUFRCES NEEDED: 1.1 Vocational Training a. School fees b. Books and Supplies c. Transportation Assistance d. Special Fees/assessments e. Other 1.1 Life Skills Training for out of school youth (Min Econ Package)

2008

2009

3,077,475 4,401,722 1,119,082 1,007,174

4,216,697 6,031,155 1,533,345 1,380,010

265,602

718,243

2010 4,616,890 6,603,552 1,678,869 1,510,982

782,237

Economic Support: The Technical working group used the Standard Minimum package for Economic Support criteria as defined by National OVC Strategy. This consists of the following:

Minimum Package shall include: -

Support older children or/and adult member of the OVC or HIV/AIDS affected families for vocational/skill training Ensure access to interest-free micro credit programs for the OVC or HIV/AIDS affected families Provide access to animal bank program such as cattle/goat/pig bank Improve families’ ability to produce enough food for consumption, if not also for selling. This includes vegetable growing, rice cultivation, animal/poultry/fist raising, and handicraft Train families on life skills relevant to income generation activities. This shall include, but not limited to, basic financial management skills, small business management skill, and literacy and numerical skills.

Regular follow-up to the families to provide monitoring and technical support before the families are strong enough to stand on their own feet.

When calculating the resources need to implement economic support programs to OVC households the technical working group used some of the unit costs provided from the 2007 OVC Unit Cost Survey such as: micro-credit programs, and seed for crop programs. The technical working group also discussed the costs

19

associated with establishing animal banks and a unit cost was generated from this discussion. When cal Micro-credit program- For the purposes of the micro-credit activity the group estimated that 1 household = 1 OVC. The median costs from the survey that was used 17a. Microfinance activities, =$40 and 17b. Income generating activities=$30.00. Due to an extensive conversation about how much the unit cost should, the group decided on a final figure of an $80.00 unit cost per OVC/year because it allowed for flexibility for implementing the programs. Because the cost of these programs are high the coverage targets were set at 1%= 2008 2%=2009, 3%=2010.

Establish Animal Banks- The group explained that his is considered to be an animal breeding activity. The unit cost that the group came up with was based on the purchasing of one pig= $40.00. The same coverage percentages were used from the micro-credit activities.

Seed for crop programs- The Unit Cost Survey estimated a median unit cost of $7.50. The targets that were selected for 2008=10%, 2009=20%, and 2010=30% UNIT COSTS The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to formal economic support to OVCs from the poorest households are: 2008 2009 2010 Interventions for Economic Stability of Family/Household 1.1 Micro-credit activities as part of 1.2 Economic Support Package $80.00 $80.00 $80.00 1.1 Seed for crop programs $7.50 $7.50 $7.50 1.1 Establish animal banks $40.00 $40.00 $40.00

NUMBER REACHED: 2008 1.1 Micro-credit activities as part of Economic Support Package 1.1 Seed for crop programs 1.1 Establish animal banks

16,514 169,00 3 8,257

2009

2010

32,069

45,881

338,007 16,034

507,010 22,940

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RESOURCES NEEDED: 2008 1.1 Micro-credit activities as part of Min Economic Package b. Income generating activities 1.1 Seed for crop programs 1.1 Establish animal breeding banks

2009

2010

1,321,098

2,565,512

3,670,450

1,267,525 330,275

2,535,051 641,378

3,802,576 917,613

Self Help Groups: See calculations in Program Activities 2.1.1 and 1.3 Activity1.2.1: Increase the effectiveness of Income Generation Programs by establishing formal links and collaborations between income generation programs and organizations with relevant technical expertise, including the Grass Roots Business Initiative and other program

This falls under the organizational cost line item in the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Activity 1.1.3: Establish OVC Economic Security Discussion Forum (or subcommittee of NOVCTF) to share information and lessons learned to improve programming

This activity falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Activity 1.1.4: Pilot and evaluate targeted conditional cash transfer schemes/child support grants according to agreed criteria and transparent assessments and compare outcomes and cost effectiveness with selected successful income security and material support programs.

This activity falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and Monitoring and Evaluation.

Specific Strategies 1.2 Provide quality, child centered psycho-social support to HIV affected children and their caregivers.

This activity falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building.

Activity 1.2.1: Scale up basic social

21

work training, mentoring, supervision and capacity building programs for NGOs and government social workers working with OVC. Ensure the curriculum undergoes regular updates to include new policies and programs.

Activity 1.2.2: Promote effective psycho-social support by including basic qualifications of staff in minimum standards for alternative care, developing good practice guidelines for responding to the psycho-social needs of OVC and auditing psychosocial support programs

This activity falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Activity 1.2.3: Scale up access to NCHADS /National Mental Health Program Training in psychological support for children affected by HIV and extend training opportunities to NGO staff.

This activity falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and Monitoring and Evaluation.

Activity 1.2.4: Systematize, scale up and support the array of current village based community self help groups for OVC and care givers (led or supported by religious leaders) under one good practice framework with common objectives and guidelines.

This activity falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Specific Strategy 1.3 Strengthen and support child-care capacities

Program Activity 1.3.1: Extend the MMM centres to include OVC and care givers self help groups for mutual support.

The group felt that NCHADS is responsible for the supporting the mmm center programs, however since NGOs help the people get access to the centers, they costed out the various unit costs for providing access to HIV positive OVCs. The unit costs included, transportation and refreshments 4 times a year=$15.00 The children that attend these centers are HIV positive OVCs. So our population size is 6,000. The coverage goals were set as 50%=2008, 75% =2009 and 100% (n=6000) by 2010.

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to provide HIV positive OVCs from the poorest households to have access to mmm centers are:

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UNIT COSTS: 1.3 Increase access of OVC on ARV to mmms by providing support

NUMBER REACHED 2008

2009

3,138

2008

2009

$15.00

2010

$15.00

$15.00

2010 4,650

6,010

Please note that these are approximate numbers that were adjusted by using the cost model. The final n should be 6,000.

RESOURCES NEEDED: 2008 1.3 Increase access of OVC on ARV to mmms by providing support

47,064

2009 69,750

2010 90,155

Specific Strategy 1.4 Secure

children's rights now and in the future Program Activity 1.4.1: Promote increased coverage of birth registration by enforcing the Birth Registration Law. Program Activity 1.4.2: Scale up integrated impact mitigation programs for OVC that include succession planning and inheritance protection activities in their services to OVC and their care givers.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Succession planning: The technical Working group used the median unit cost for Succession planning from the 2007 OVC Unit Cost Survey of $1.00/OVC/year. The target goals for coverage were set to reach 80% of the poorest OVC by 2010.

They assumed that 75% of the population was already being reached in the year 2007 (Note: this estimate was based on the baseline figures denoted in the National OVC Strategy). Therefore the coverage was increased by 2% for 2008 (77%) By another 2% for 2009 (79%) and an additional 1% (80%) for 2010.

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to deliver Succession Planning to OVCs from the

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poorest households are: UNIT COSTS 1.4 Succession Planning

NUMBERS REACHED 2008 2009 33,027 32,069

2008 $1.00

2009 $1.00

2010 $1.00

2010 15,294

RESOURCES NEEDED: 1.4 Succession Planning

2008 330,275

2009 32,069

2010 15,294

Inheritance Protection: The working group was not satisfied with the median unit cost generated from the 2007 Unit Cost Survey; they felt this figure was too low, so they changed the unit cost to $5.00. Most inheritance protection programs are only available in Phnom Penh, and so a majority of OVCs do not have access to these services. In order to calculate the population in need they began with the 65,000 adults living with HIV (UNAIDS Spectrum 2006).

The group assumed that 50% of the 65,000 HIV infected adults do not have children so the population of OVC they targeted = 32,500. This was considered to be a one time service that adds up to 32,500 when reaching the targets for 2008, 2009 and 2010. Even though we used the 32,500 figure as our target size for this activity. It was also noted that perhaps we should use the total figure of children who are infected and affected by HIV (n=142,715). Even though we used the 32,500 figure as our target size for this activity. It was also noted that perhaps we should use the total figure of children who are infected and affected by HIV (n=142,715), however after a long discussion, there was a group discussion the group agreed on the 32,500 figure.

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to deliver Inheritance and Legal support to OVCs from the poorest households are: UNIT COSTS: 1.4 Inheritance and Legal Protection

2008 2009 $5.00 $5.00

2010 $5.00

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NUMBERS REACHED: 2008 6,110

2009 10,422

2010 13,764

Note: total n reached is 30,465 (INCLUDING n=169, THE POP REACHED IN 2007).

This is an approximate figure that was used when loading the cost model.

RESOURCED NEEDED: 1.4 Inheritance and Legal Protection

2008 165,137

2009 52,112

2010 68,821

Specific Strategy 1.5 Prolong the lives of HIV+ parents Activity 1.5.1: Scale up access to HIV testing and treatment for parents and primary care givers.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Activity 1.5.2: Increase access to continuum of care for adults

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Specific Strategy 1.6: Develop and cost an expansion plan for life skills training for in and out of school youth

Program Activity 1.6.1: Develop and cost an expansion plan for life skills training for in and out of school youth Strategy 2: Mobilize and support community based responses

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Specific Strategy 2.1: Engage village/commune leaders, commune council members, and OVC in responding to the immediate needs

of OVC. Program Activity 2.1.1: Support and Provide training to improve local authorities' knowledge and understanding of OVC issues, through the MOI Social Sector Training for Commune Councils to enable local commune chiefs, councilors and village leaders to facilitate the inclusion of OVC responses into Commune

According to the National strategy there are 1,621 Communes in Cambodia, 13000 villages 11,300 Commune Council members. Commune staff ranges from 5-11 staff members for each Commune. There are 13,000 village chiefs. 11,300 Commune councilors + 13,000 village chiefs= 24,300 total members of the council members. The Ministry of Interior trains s 4 members that come from each commune to be a part of the training (chief, second deputy chief, commune clerk, women’s focal point for children). So the estimate consists of 4 members from each council x 1621=6484 + 13,000 village leaders = 19,484 adults targeted for the MOI Training of Trainers. The budgeted allocated for the MOI is partnering with the NAA in 2008 is $120,000 (Source: Technical group member from the Ministry of Interior). The $120,000 budget amount includes development of documents and IEC materials for training and the money is for officials and Master trainers from province, includes people from each commune, executive committee at the rural level, local unit members. Then after

25

this training is finished they will develop projects with the commune. This money is not included in the 2008 budget due to the fact that the MOI already has anticipated one year funding. However this cost has been added for the trainings in 2009 and 2010.

The costs to hold a training at the village levels is $ 1 per person for 3 days, $60 for meals for three days, and $30 for the facilitator. The costs for 1 training includes 2 facilitators, and there are 20 participants that come to the training. $60-particiopants, $60, for meals, .1.50 for snacks for three days multipled by 20 people=$30.00, training materials= $30.00. The total cost for one training at the village or district level + $20.00 for transportation costs is $260.00 The group agreed that the trainings will be delivered to the 7 provinces with the highest prevalence of OVCs stated in the National strategy.

The coverage targets for the first year 1000 out of the 1400 villages. So, 1000x 260=$260,000 each year for the first two years of the trainings at village level. However the population targeted in the last year will include the original 1,000 people that we trained in the first year, and give them refresher training in addition to 1,000 new people in the final year. So 2008=$260,000, 2009=$260,000 and in 2010=$520,000.

In order to include the costs to include child leaders to be involved in a child participatory process, or for child leaders. The group gave a rough estimate based on the NGO KHEMERA’s experience of conducting community-based education with children. The unit cost that includes meals, transport and materials is $80.00 to train 25 OVC to be mobilized at village level . When we multiuplied this by 1000 villages per year the group estimated an annual cost of $8,000 for 2008, 2009 and 2010. This activity can be linked with activities 5.2. and 5.3

Program Activity 2.1.2: Through the Commune Database, generate and analyse local information on the number and situation of OVC and use it to inform discussion at the PRDC and advocate for support for OVC.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building

Program Activity 2.1.3: Establish mechanisms for involving children and young people as active participants in developing community responses to OVC and helping decision makers to identify and understand the most critical issues facing OVC.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Community Mobilization

26

Specific Strategy 2.2 Program Activity 2.2.1: Provide training and support to enable monks, spiritual leaders, local leaders, and key people in the community to talk about HIV and AIDS and OVC issues Specific Strategy 2.3 Program Activity 2.31: Mobilize community leaders and members to establish local self help groups that provide psycho-social support and mutual assistance to OVC and their care givers.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Community Mobilization.

Strategy 3: Ensure access to essential services for orphans and vulnerable children Specific Strategy 3.1 Increase food security among orphans, children affected by HIV and AIDS and their care givers.

Program Activity 3.1.1: Scale up In order to set the targets for the minimum food package in the strategy, the population that we are looking at distribution of a minimum package of are only the children infected and affected by HIV n=142,715 for the year 2008 (see calculation for this figure as Food Support to children affected by part of the definition of vulnerable in the document). We are increasing the percent coverage, by 5% of the HIV through HCBC teams and village original number each time. The coverage for 2007 was set for 5% of 142,715 = 7,315. The number of OVC self help groups. that we are covering are 2008= 14,270 (.9%), 2009=21,860 (1.4%), 2010=29,175 (1.9%). This was done by adding 7,135 ( 5%) of the original figure (142,715)each year. The group made the assumption that in assuming that beginning in 2011 that the minimum food package has reduced the number of OVC in need of food. Please see the exact calculations for unit cost in the explanation provided in Program activity 1.1 above The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to scale up distribution of the minimum package of food support to HIV affected OVCs who come from the poorest household are:

UNIT COSTS: 3.1 Minimum package food support to households with OVC affected by HIV

NUMBER REACHED: 2008 2009 14,945 21,647

2008 $129.00

2009 $129.00

2010 $129.00

2010 29,058

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Note: These numbers are not exact because of the adjustment are approximations in the cost model

RESOURCES NEEDED: 2008 3.1 Minimum package food support to households with OVC affected by HIV

1,927,895

2009 2,792,399

2010 3,748,447

Specific Strategy 3.2 Reduce childhood morbidity and mortality by providing support to OVC and their care givers to access health services.

Program Activity 3.2.1: Provide Note: There are 1,6900,000 OVCs. 120,000 of these OVCs are double orphans (figure generated from OVC and their care givers with Spectrum UNAIDS 2006 projections). The group assumes that they do not have a caregiver. 24,700 street support to access preventive health children were assumed not to have a caregiver. 12.5 million OVCs with caregivers and 25,000 child-headed care and medical care when they are households that do not have caregivers, we also are assuming that 25,000 children who are trafficked do not ill through Government health have caregivers. If we were to take all of these children out of the estimates, we would still have 1,510,000 services.

OVC who HAVE CAREGIVERS. Healthcare support services for OVC ages 0-5: According to the Constella Futures Spectrum Projection, based on UNAIDS 2006 The total number of OVC ages 0-5 (n= 155,765 in 2007). The median unit costs from the 2007 OVC Unit Cost Survey were used to calculate the resources needed for providing the following healthcare support services for OVC ages 0-5 who come from the poorest households.

Full course of childhood immunizations. Target population that we are looking at OVC’s ages 0-5 (n= 155,765 in 2007). The group assumed that 80% of the OVCs are receiving full immunizations in 2007. The other 20 are targeted to be covered by 2010. 2007=80% and additional 5% in 2009, and an additional 7% and an additional 8% in 2010 to reach the 20% not covered.

Vitamin Supplementation: the population number and the coverage rates were set to be the same as childhood immunizations.

Routine Healthcare: Routine healthcare is defined in this service area is that every 6 months OVCs are sent to have a medical check ups and 2) Routine healthcare the community healthcare worker goes and does a medical check up for the OVCs at the orphanages on a regular basis. The population that was included for this population was 155,765 (same as above). Based one the number of OVC reached from the organizations that were interviewed in the 2007 Unit Cost Survey, it was estimated that as of 2007, only 10% OVC are receiving routine medical check-ups. The coverage percentages were set for 2008= 20%. The coverage percentage in

28

2009 was set to 30%. However, in order to reach 30% in 2009 the group included the coverage percentage in 2008(20%) and an additional 10% in 2009to reach (30%) . In 2010 the coverage target was set to 70%, However this includes the 50% COVERAGE REACHED IN 200+2009 AND AN ADDITIONAL 20% IN 2010=20%( 50%+ 20%=70%).

HIV testing services- According to the CDHS 2005, There are 65,000 adults living with HIV. The group assumed that half of the adults are single, so only 32,500 have children and then half of them are women with children= 16,250) care given this service if their mother’s are infected). The services include PMTCT and testing of young children. We kept the target at 10% every year so that by 2010 we will reach 16,000 women.

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to health care support to OVCs (ages 0-5) who come from the poorest household are: UNIT COST: 2008 3.2 OVC 0-5 a. Full course of childhood immunizations b. Vitamin A, zinc and iron supplements c. Routine health care checkups d. HIV testing services NUMBERS REACHED: 2008 2009 7,592 10,363 7,592 10,363 45,551 74,019 15,184 14,804

2009

$15.00 $1.50 $6.50 $12.00

2010 $15.00 $1.50 $6.50 $12.00

$15.00 $1.50 $6.50 $12.00

2010 11,393 11,393 99,687 14,241

RESOURCES NEEDED: a. Full course of childhood immunizations b. Vitamin A, zinc and iron supplements c. Routine health care checkups d. HIV testing services

2008 113,878 11,388 296,082 182,204

2009 155,441 15,544 481,125 177,646

2010 170,892 17,089 647,964 170,892

Healthcare Support Services for OVC ages 6-13 According to the Constella Futures Spectrum Projection, based on UNAIDS 2006 The total number of OVC ages 6-13 is 780,583.

Vitamin Supplementation:

By Vitamin Supplementations we are referring to Vitamin A supplementation. The unit costs for Vitamin

29

supplementation is $1.43. The target set was that over the 3 years they want to cover up to 45%. So the targets were set to 15% for all three years.

Routine Healthcare: The unit cost for this service is $6.50. ( n = 780,583). The targets ere set to be the same as above in vitamin supplementation. The goal is to reach 45% in three years.

HIV testing services: With this population we are concerned about kids being sexually active or are at risk of acquiring HIV. This age group is considered to be high risk groups such as OVC who are street children, children suffering from rape and physical abuse, children involved in substance abuse, children who are trafficked, children involved in prostitution, migrant children. Approximately 100,000 OVC are in the high risk group. This is the number that we want to test. We are trying to reach 100,000 in three years, and then we are looking to target 33,000 children each year. The targets are set to approximately 5% each year in order to reach the 33,000 OVC per year.

Reproductive Healthcare: The same assumptions for high risk children that were calculated and discussed o get the n of 100,000 in the category of HIV testing services above, and so the same coverage targets were also set.

HIV Prevention information services: The group mentioned that there is an HIV/AIDS curriculum that occurs starting at age 10 (grade five for children who are in school). According to the Constella Futures Spectrum Projection, based on UNAIDS 2006 the total number of OVCs who are of ages 10-13 is 498.207. The primary school enrollment rate in Cambodia is 77%. So if we multiply 498,207 by 23% (percentage of children who are not in school). Then the target is 114,587 OVC ages 10-13 who are out of school. If we wanted to reach 114,587 by 2010 we would have to have a target of 33% each year to get to the total figure of 114,587 OVC ages 10-13 that are out of school. The unit cost for this service is $11.00.

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to health care support to OVCs (ages 6-13) who come from the poorest household are:

UNIT COST: 2008 3.2 OVC 6-13 a. Vitamin supplements (annual cost per child) b. Routine healthcare (annual costs per child for preventative and medical care combined) c. HIV testing services d. Reproductive health care e. HIV Prevention information and services (annual cost per child)

2009

$10.75

$10.75

$6.50 $12.00 $15.00

$6.50 $12.00 $15.00

$11.00

$11.00

2010 $10.75 $6.50 $12.00 $15.00 $11.00

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NUMBER REACHED: 2008 113,022 113,022 33,907 33,907 37,674

2009 108,786 108,786 32,636 32,636 36,262

2010 103,112 103,112 30,934 30,934 34,371

RESOURCES NEEDED: 2008 a. Vitamin supplements (annual cost per child) b. Routine healthcare (annual costs per child for preventative and medical care combined) c. HIV testing services d. Reproductive health care e. HIV Prevention information and services ( annual cost per child)

1,214,99

2009 1,169,453

2010 1,108,458

734,644 406,880 508,600

707,111 391,631 489,539

670,230 371,204 464,006

414,415

398,883

378,079

Healthcare Support Services for OVCs ages 14-18 and their caregivers (for the routine healthcare categories).

Vitamin supplementation: This line item was taken out of the budget because there are rarely any children that are seen who receive Vitamin supplementation services.

Routine Healthcare for OVCs and their caregivers. The routine healthcare unit cost is $7.00. According to the Constella Futures Spectrum Projection, based on UNAIDS 2006 data there are 753,686 OVC ages 14-18. It was agreed by the group that they wanted to reach the same OVC targets that were set for routine healthcare for OVC ages 6-13 (15% each year to reach a target of 45%). Then when calculating the caregivers we assumed that there was 1 caregivers per 3 OVC. That equals 5% that are caregivers. This sets our targets at 20% for each of the three years.

Reproductive Healthcare: The unit cost for RH care for children ages 14-18 according to the 2007 Coverage Survey is $17.00. The coverage was set with 20% each year but we are adding to the original coverage targets so then it would be 20%, 40% and 60% HIV Prevention information services: we are looking at OVC ages 14-18 who are out of school. The secondary school enrollment rate is 29% so that means that 71% of the OVC ages 14-18 are out of school so

31

our target of out of school OVC ages 14-18 =535,117. the group felt that the median unit cost is $1.43 was too low in the data, so they agree to increase the median unit cost to $12.00 the maximum unit cost figure in the data. This was verifies since the unit cost for HIV prevention to kids ages 6-13 is $11.00. So it was agreed to have a unit cost of $12.00. When we were looking at our coverage targets were set to 2008=20% 2009-50% and 70%. This is not a one off cost. 20% for 2008, (20% original group in 2008 + 30%= 50% in 2009 and the 50% of our group in 2009 + and additional 20%= 70% coverage).

The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to health care support to OVCs (ages 14-18) who come from the poorest household are: UNIT COST: 2008 3.2 OVC 14-18 a. Vitamin supplements (annual cost per child) b. Routine healthcare (annual costs per child for preventative and medical care combined) c. Reproductive health care

0

2010

0

0

$7.00 $17.00 $12.00

d. HIV Prevention information and services (annual cost per child)

NUMBER REACHED: 2008 2009 0 0 149,211 146,033 149,211 292,066 149,211 365,082

2009

$7.00 $17.00 $12.00

$7.00 $17.00 $12.00

2010 0 139,906 419,717 489,670

RESOURCES NEEDED: 2008

2009

2010

3.2 OVC 14-18 a. Vitamin supplements (annual cost per child) b. Routine healthcare (annual costs per child for preventative and medical care combined) c. Reproductive health care

0

0

0

1,044,476 2,536,585

1,022,230 4,965,116

979,340 7,135,194

d. HIV Prevention information and services (annual cost per child)

1,790,531

4,380,984

5,876,042

32

Program Activity 3.2.2: Expand pediatric HIV treatment and care programs.

According to 2005 CDHS there are 6,000 children living with HIV in Cambodia.

The targets for 2008 was set to reach 3,000 (.185%) children access to ARVs, We set the target for 2009 to be 3,250 (.205%) of OVC and in the action plan the 2010=3,500 (.229%) OVC . The costs that were included in the unit costs were ART, transportation and lab tests. ARV treatment is free of charge that is provided by the government. Transportation costs $30.00 a year so the unit cost comes to $120.00(NCHADS) Note: According to NCHADS The unit cost of ARVs in Cambodia are lower than others $37.00 per year.

The price of ARVs varies. Line 1 ARVs is $90.00/per child per year and Line 2 ARVs is $9,000/per child/per year. In our budget, line two is not accounted for in the budget because there are not many children taking line 2.

Based on the $120 unit cost/per year (cost of ARVs and transport) from NCHADS The resources needed for 2008= $366,047, 2009=$394,447 and 2010=$420,267 The unit costs, population reached and resources needed to deliver Succession Planning to OVCs from the poorest households are: UNIT COSTS 2008 2009 2010 3.2.2 Increase pediatric ARV $120.00 $120.00 $120.00 NUMBERS REACHED 2008 3,055

2009 3,287

RESOURCES NEEDED 3.2.2 Increase pediatric ARV Program Activity 3.2.3: Increase access to integrated family planning and PMTCT programs.

Program Activity 3.2.4: Scale up access to national minimum social support package that includes food aid, transport, trusted accompaniment and adherence support for children receiving HIV and AIDS treatment.

2010 3,502

2008 366,605

2009 394,447

2010 420,267

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance

The percentage of children receiving HIV and AIDS treatment that receive the minimum social support package The target group for this is for 50% of children receiving treatment. The cost includes transportation of the positive child plus the person who is accompanying the child to get their ARVs.

The minimum social package for support for OVC on ARV and OI treatment was calculated by taking the unit costs for adherence to ARV and HBC and support for children. These figures were taken from the 2007 OVC Unit Cost Survey. OVC ages 0-5 ($9.03), 6-13 ($16.45) and 13-14 ($33.50). The average costs come to

33

$20.00/child/year + $40.00 for travel. This equals a total nit cost for $60.00 per child per year. The National Strategy’s goal is to have 50% of the children on ARV (1500 children) to have access to the minimum social support package.

The unit costs, number reached and resources needed to implement this activity are:

UNIT COSTS 3.2.4 Minimum social support package for OVC on ARV and OI tx

NUMBER REACHED: 2008 2009 1,519

2008

2009 $60.00

2010 $60.00

$60.00

2010 1,507

1,529

RESOURCES NEEDED: 2008 3.2.4 Min social support package for OVC on ART and OI tx

91,156

2009 90,434

2010 91,761

Specific Strategy 3.3 Support HIV affected children and orphans to complete 9 years of free formal education Please see calculations from Program Activity 1.1 Program Activity 3.3.1: Increase

coverage of communes where a minimum package of school support is available to enable orphans and HIV affected children to access 9 years of basic education.

Program Activity 3.3.2: Ensure school enrolment and participation rates are the same for orphans as non orphans, through advocacy, communication and financial support.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Community Mobilization

34

Specific strategy 3.4 Provide children in need of alternative care access to safe, appropriate alternative care options

Program Activity 3.4.1: Increase and improve data collection and use concerning Alternative Care to include community-based care.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and Monitoring and Evaluation and Evaluation

Program Activity 3.4.2: Improve the

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

quality of alternative care for OVC by developing national minimum standards and regulatory and monitoring system

Program Activity 3.4.3: Develop and implement communication strategy promoting the benefits of family based care for children

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Program Activity 3.4.4: Expand the range of options for community based alternative care programs that provide child centred permanency planning and reintegration for OVC.

There were three median unit costs that were utilized from the 2007 OVC Unit Cost Survey to calculate the resourced needed for this program activity: 1) Residential care for OVCs living with HIV and 2.) Residential care for non-infected OVCs. And even though data was not available for 3) Non-residential care for all OVC, they were included to be a part of our population.

All non-residential care for OVC- The term non-residential was defined as foster care, adoption etc. For this population of OVC we began by taking the number of double orphans due to AIDS and non-AIDS related causes to equal an n=85,000 (UNAIDS 2006 Spectrum Projections). The technical working group decided to target 1/3 of this population who are living in extreme poverty. So the population for the costing exercise = 25,500 OVCs. But because these children are in need in continual support the coverage will be and there was no data available for this service area the group made an assumption that 0 children to be reached in 2008.

The targets were set at 2008=0, 2009 = 5,000 and 10,000=2010 (this includes the 5,000 from 2009 to equal 25,000 OVC reached by 2010.

Since all of these OVC are living below the poverty line, caregivers providing any type of foster care are in need of receiving this support. The unit cost that we set for this service is $100.00 per OVC that is living in a residential household. This cost was based on the fact that we found a unit cost in the 2007 Coverage survey that stated of $180 for children that were living in residential care (costs included salary of a caregiver, and upkeep of the residence electricity, water etc. ) . The group deducted $80.00 from the median unit cost to get to this figure.

Residential care for OVCs living with HIV- The median unit cost is $545.00 this is based on a figure provided

35

by Maryknoll Residential care for non-infected OVC- The median unit cost from interviewing Maryknoll came to $180.00.

The group discussed that t there are 8,900 non-HIV infected OVC that are residing in orphanages and that every year there will be 2-3000 more OVC who are in need of residential care. This statistic came from the Central government representative of the technical working group.

However the group agreed that they did not know how many children who reside in orphanages are living with HIV. However, based on the data, there are 6,000 children who are HIV infected. Because there is not any data available for the number of HIV infected OVC who are in need of residential care, they arbitrarily inputted that 20% of the HIV infected OVC or 1200 OVC are in need of residential care.

The unit costs, number reached and resources needed to provide OVC from the poorest households with these services are: UNIT COSTS 3.4 Foster care (non-residential care) support for OVC 3.4 Alternative/residential care for OVC living with HIV as a last resort 3.4 Alternative/residential care for (non-infected) OVC as a last resort

2008 $100.00

2009 $100.00

2010 $100.00

$545.00

$545.00

$545.00

$180.00

$180.00

$180.00

NUMBER REACHED For non-residential care of OVC 2008 2009 2010 0 5,452 15,294

NUMBER REACHED for Alternative care services for HIV infected and Non-infected OVC 2008 2009 2010 578

561

535

5,615

15,553

25,693

36

RESOURCES NEEDED:

3.4 Foster care (non-residential care) support for OVC 3.4 Alternative/residential care for OVC living with HIV as a last resort 3.4 Alternative/residential care for (non-infected) OVC as a last resort

2008 0

2009 545,171

314,999 1,010,640

2010 1,529,354

305,857

291,724

2,799,615

4,624,767

Strategy 4: Ensure vulnerable children are protected through policy and legislation Specific Strategy 4.1: Ensure children are protected from abuse, exploitation, neglect and trafficking by a child-centred, comprehensive national Child Protection Law and Program (Law on Juvenile Justice).

Program Activity 4.1.1: Review and This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management and amend law, policy and basic National Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance. principles to ensure children are protected legally and have access to legal support, including protection under a National Child Protection Law. Program Activity 4.1.2: Establish and This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as National expand coverage of a National Child Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Protection Network by harmonizing existing programs with a common framework and core components and scaling up.

Specific Strategy 4.2: Enhance MOSVY's capacity to protect, care for and support OVC Program Activity 4.2.1: Undertake a This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building.

Functional Task Analysis (FTA) to assess MOSVY's capacity including recommendations to strengthen capacity.

Program Activity 4.2.2: Develop annual workplans to progress implementation of this Action Plan.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and Monitoring and Evaluation and Evaluation.

Program Activity 4.2.3: Develop position descriptions and establish

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

37

performance-based salary incentive scheme.

Program Activity 4.2.4: Scale up the social work and counselling training program for relevant staff working with OVC. Program Activity 4.2.5: Develop and implement Child Safe Organisation policies for the Child Welfare department, based on the WVC, SCA and childwise policies and practices.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building.

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Program Activity 4.2.6: Provide This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building. competitive scholarships for 4 MOSVY staff per year selected by the NOVCTF, to participate in the new RUPP Social Work degree course.

Program Activity 4.2.7: Strengthen This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and financial and administrative systems Monitoring and Evaluation and Evaluation. that promote transparency and accountability and ensure MOSVY can demonstrate the ability to effectively manage donor funds.

Strategy 5: Create a supportive environment for a coordinated, effective response to orphans and vulnerable children Specific Strategy 5.1: Strengthen the capacity of the NOVCTF to provide leadership that benefits OVC Program Activity 5.1.1: Provide This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building. training for NOVCTF working with OVC (leadership, advocacy, planning)

Program Activity 5.1.2: Strengthen NOVCTF Secretariat for effective implementation of Action Plan

This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building.

38

Specific Strategy 5.2: Strengthen coordination among stakeholders acting to reduce the impact of HIV on children Program Activity 5.2.1: Establish This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, provincial and local OVC coordination mechanisms in Kompong National coordination and Quality Assurance.

Cham, Kompong Thom, Siem Reap and Svey Rieng that link to the NOVCTF. Program Activity 5.2.2: Establish This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, formal links between the NOVCTF National coordination and Quality Assurance. and the Food Security Network, the National Nutrition Program, the Education for All Program, the Human Trafficking Task Force and the Child Survival Steering Committee.

Program Activity 5.2.3: Develop a This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, multi-level Directory of services for National coordination and Quality Assurance.

OVC Specific Strategy 5.3: Enable children, leaders and communities to advocate on behalf of OVC Program Activity 5.3.1: Collaborate This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, with the NAA to implement the OVC National coordination and Quality Assurance. component of the National HIV Advocacy Strategy.

Program Activity 5.3.2: Develop This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity Building capacity of NOVCTF to advocate for

39

OVC (guided observations, study tours, discussion forums).

.

Program Activity 5.3.3: Enable OVC This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Community to advocate on their own behalf to the Mobilization.

NOVCTF Specific Strategy 5.4: Develop the NOVCTF capacity to identify, mobilize and effectively allocate the resources needed to implement this Plan Program Activity 5.4.1: Establish a This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Management, donor liaison and harmonization National coordination and Quality Assurance. mechanisms, facilitated by the NOVCTF Secretariat Program Activity 5.4.2: Provide This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Capacity building. training for NOVCTF (planning, proposal development, project management, fundraising, monitoring)

Specific Strategy 5.5: Provide decision makers, activists and advocates with information needed to provide effective HIV and AIDS impact mitigation for OVC Program Activity 5.5.1: Strengthen This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and data collection and management Monitoring and Evaluation and Evaluation. mechanisms to monitor and evaluate key OVC-related indicators Program Activity 5.5.2: Conduct This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and operational research and studies on the Monitoring and Evaluation. situation of OVC, including child-led research.

Program Activity 5.5.3: Conduct This falls under the organizational cost line item of the budget. It is categorized as Research and evaluations and document good Monitoring and Evaluation and Evaluation. practices and lessons learned that inform program planning (e.g., income generation targeted at OVC/PLHA households)

40

APPENDIX 2 Total of All Observations = 61 Total of NGO Observations = 39 Total of Gov't Observations = 22 Total in Phnom Penh 24 Phnom Penh HAGAR WOMEN Marry Knoll community Marry knoll OVC HIV+ Clinics Mith Samlanh NYEMO WFP IDA SCA KHEMARA Plan International PSE VisionFund Phnom Penh 13 NGOs

Total in Kg Speu 4 Kg. Speu WVC WOSO LWF NAPA

Kg Speu 4 NGOs

Total in Kg Cham 15 NGOs interviewed Kg.Cham WE/C NAS Krousar Thmey LICADHO SPEAN PSAD KHEMARA MITH SAMLANH ADHOC VisionFund/KHANA VisionFund/Plan Intern'l

Kg Cham 11 NGOs

Total in Kg Thom 8 Kg. Thom BFD MODE ADHOC TPO

Kg Thom 4 NGOs

Total in Batambang 10 Batambang WVC CDFC ILDO Home land Helen Keller PJJ AFH

Battambang 7 NGOs

41

Phnom Penh

Kg. Speu

MoSVY, Saving Baby Center MoSVY, Alternative Care

MoSVY, Youth Rehabilitation MoSVY, HIV/AIDS Protection Services Phnom Penh Dep. Of Religion Affairs

Government Institution interviewed Kg.Cham Kg. Thom Gov't Ophanage Center & PDoSVY (Gov't) ASPECA PDOcult & Religion (Govn't) Provincial Dep. of SVY NCHADS HIV/AIDs Prevention Provincial Dep. of LVT Gov't Ophanage & Provincial Dep. of Cults and Center ASPECA Religions

Battabang Gov't Ophanage Center & ASPECA NCHADS, HIV/AIDS Prevention Referral Hospital, BTB

Phnom Penh Dep. Of LVT

Child Labor Dep. Of MoLVT National Pediatric Hopital NCHADS MoEYS (Child and Youth Department) MoI Phnom Penh 11 Gov't

Kg Speu Gov't

0

Kg Cham 4 Gov't

Kg Thom Gov't

4

Battambang 3 Gov't

42

APPENDIX 3 List of Participants from The National OVC Technical Working Group January 24-30, 2008, Siem Reap Province No. 1 2

Name Nhim Kim Thy Por You Dany

Gender F F

Position OVC Coordinator Finance Officer

Organization Home Land AFH

Province Battambang Battambang

3 4 5 6 7 8

Hean Koy Neang Sovat Vuth Sokun Heang Kim Seng Choun Leng San Vinich

M M F M M M

Director Coordinator Finance Manager Partnership & Expansion Manager CCS-OVC Pro. Manager IRDEP-TH Pro. Manager

SPIEN ADHOC NAS VisionFund WVC LWF

Kampong Cham Kampong Cham Kampong Cham Kampong Cham Kampong Speu Kampong Speu

9 10 11 12 13

Heang Phyrun Koy Phallany Man Phally Chea Thira FR. James Noonan

F F M F M

OVC Pro. Coordinator Executive Director Program Coordinator OVC Specialist Project Manager

MODE KHEMARA Mith Samlanh KHANA Mary Knoll

Kampong Thom Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Kong Rattanak Chan Sopheap Khin Dara Phal Vandy Kong Narom Tong Soprach Chea Sareth

M F M M M M M

NYEMO WOMEN IDA SCA UNICEF UNICEF PDoCR, MoCR

Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Kampong Cham

21 22

Chea Sea Kong Chhan

M M

PDoSVY / ASPECA MoSVY

Kampong Thom Phnom Penh

23

Bou Sitha

F

MoSVY

Phnom Penh

24

Khlang Pichet

M

MoSVY

Phnom Penh

25

Veth Valda

M

MoSVY

Phnom Penh

26

Som Nimol

M

Admin & Accounting Officer Finance Coordinator Finance Officer Technical Adviser Project Assistant National Consultant Deputy Director of Provincial Department of Cult and Religion Orphanage Center Director Deputy Director-General of Directorate of Technical Affaire Alternative care coordinator & Deputy of Child Welfare Dep. Child Welfare Office Chief, NOVC Secretariat Office Chief of Social Welfare and Finance Officer, HIV/AIDS Protection Services Official of Phnom Penh Department of Labor and Vocational Training

PPD of LVY, MoLVT

Phnom Penh

43

No. 27 28

Name Chek Lim Yam Meng Sean

Gender M M

29

Heng Sovichea

F

30 31

Moeun Sokun Nap Hean

M M

Position Deputy Director, Department of Youth Office Chif, Department of Local Administration Official, Department of Local Administration Assistant Project Manager Child Welfare Office Chief

Organization MoEYS MoI

Province Phnom Penh Phnom Penh

MoI

Phnom Penh

PDoSVY / Sunrise PDoSVY

Siem Reap Siem Reap

44

APPENDIX 4 Participant List for Meeting with Members of the National OVC Taskforce January 29, 2008, Siem Reap Province No. 1

Name H.E. Keo Borentr

Gender M

2 3

Tep Navuth Tim Sahen

M M

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Dr Chaim Yuth Samphy Sim Youn Tep Navuth Mey Chanthy Jane Batte Jolanda V. Westering Dr Haritiana Rokotomamonjy Dinah Dimalanta Margarette Roberts

M M M F F F F F F

13

Keo Chen

M

Position Director-General of Directorate of Technical Affairs, NOVCTF Chair Deputy Director Administrative Management Official Deputy-Director, OHD Department Director Deputy Director Deputy-chief of Office Social Mobilization Advisor Child Protection Specialist Head of HIV/AIDS Senior Operations Manager for Sectoral Health Programme Advisor, Health and Education Programme Program Manager

Organization MOSVY (Gov’t)

Province Phnom Penh

NAA (Gov’t) MOEYS (Gov’t)

Phnom Penh Phnom Penh

MOLVT (Gov’t) MOCR (Gov’t) NAA (Gov’t) MOWA (Gov’t) UNAIDS UNICEF UNICEF World Vision Cambodia CARE

Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Phnom Penh

CPN+

Phnom Penh

45