Nutfruit magazine, November 2017

Edition 72. Nยบ 3

Edition 72. Nยบ 3 NOVEMBER 2017

THE INC PAVILION BOOSTS THE VISIBILITY OF THE NUT & DRIED FRUIT SECTOR AT ANUGA 2017 Page 55

NOVEMBER 2017

GLOBAL TRANSITIONS SUGARS AND WILL DRIVE TREE NUT TRADITIONAL EXPORT POTENTIAL DRIED FRUITS: Page 26 NO REASON FOR CONCERN Page 28

PESTICIDES: FUTURE CHALLENGES AND HOW TO MANAGE THE ISSUE TO AVOID NEGATIVE IMPACT ON TRADE Page 30

www.nutfruit.org

Edition 72 Nº 3 INTERNATIONAL NUT AND DRIED FRUIT COUNCIL FOUNDATION BOARD OF TRUSTEES Mark Mariani - Chairman Mariani Packing Company, USA Michael Waring - 1st Vice Chairman MWT Foods, Australia Pino Calcagni - 2nd Vice Chairman V. Besana S.P.A., Italy Asadollah Asgaroladi Hassas Export Co. Ltd., Iran Karsten Dankert Max Kiene GmbH, Germany Giles Hacking CG Hacking & Sons Limited, UK Cheng Hung Kay CHK Trading Co. Ltd., China, Hong Kong Mark Jansen Blue Diamond Growers, USA Zhou Jinkui Fenzhou Yuyuan Native Produce, China Barry Kriebel Sun-Maid Growers of California, USA Ashok Krishen Olam International Limited, Singapore Jack Mariani Mariani Nut Company, USA Jordi Martí Borges S.A.U., Spain Stephen Meltzer Balcorp Ltd., Canada Pratap Nair Vijayalaxmi Cashew Company, India Osman Oz Aegean Exporters Associations, Turkey Antonio Pont - Honorary President Borges S.A.U., Spain Hasan Sabir Sabirlar Findik Ihracat Ltd. Sti., Turkey Harry Sinclair Treehouse Foods, USA Berton Steir The Wonderful Company, USA Dick Walden The Green Valley Pecan, USA Chen Ying China Chamber of Commerce, China Cuneyd Zapsu Balsu A.S., Turkey EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Mark Mariani Michael Waring Pino Calcagni Giles Hacking Ashok Krishen Jack Mariani Antonio Pont Berton Steir Cuneyd Zapsu Goretti Guasch

Chairman 1st Vice Chairman 2nd Vice Chairman Board Member Board Member Board Member Board Member Board Member Board Member Secretary and Executive Director

NUTFRUIT MAGAZINE TEAM Goretti Guasch Executive Director

goretti.guasch@nutfruit.org Francisco Montoya Production Editor communications@nutfruit.org Irene Gironès Technical and Statistical Editor irene.girones@nutfruit.org Marc Centelles Advertising and Subscription Sales marc.centelles@nutfruit.org

BUSINESS NEWS

www.nutfruit.org

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• Forest City New York Announces Ferrero International to Join The Bridge at Cornell Tech • PepsiCo Adds Nut Mixes to Walkers Sunbites Range • NFL Stars Richard Sherman and Clay Matthews Put a Smile in Latest Wonderful Pistachios Campaign • Blue Diamond Nut-Thuns Launches New Grab-and-Go Snack Size • Mars Unveils Goodness Knows - its Biggest UK Launch for 20 Years • Sunny Verghese (Olam) Appointed as WBCSD Chair from 2018

GOURMET 18 • Micha Tsumura. Maido Restaurant, Lima (Perú). World’s 8th Restaurant according to The World’s 50 Best

FEATURE ARTICLES

26

• Global Transitions Will Drive Tree Nut Export Potential • Sugars and Traditional Dried Fruits: No Reason for Concern • Pesticides: Future Challenges and How to Manage the Issue to Avoid Negative Impact on Trade • Leveraging Ancient Indian Medicinal Wisdom: A Case of Almonds • FDA’s Foreign Supplier Verification Requirements

HEALTH NEWS

36

• Nuts Consumption and Foetal Programming: New Perspective on Human Growth

A CHAT WITH THE INDUSTRY

45

• Sandra Martínez de Arévalo, Senior Vice President-Confectionery at Nestle

INC CONGRESS

48

• Sevilla: A Captivating Mixture of Heritage and Vibrancy • INC Venues: Conference & Exhibition Center and Congress Hotels • Sevilla 2018: Preliminary Program

INC NEWS

55

• The INC Pavilion Promotes Nuts and Dried Fruits at Anuga • First Seminar on “The Health Benefits of Edible Nuts and Dried Fruits” • GulFood 2018: A Larger Version of the INC Pavilion • The Nuts for Gifts Trend is Growing!

• Highlights of the 21st International Congress of Nutrition • The INC Participates for the First Time in WorldFood Moscow

INDUSTRY NEWS

84

• Nearly One Quarter of Korean Adults are Deficient in Alpha-Tocopherol Vitamin E – New Study Shows Almonds Can Help • California Walnut Comission: New Export Fall Ad Campaigns to Launch • Pistachios, Rich in Lutein for Age-Related Macular Degeneration Protection • Pistachios Take Center Plate in Culinary Nutrition Trend • New US Campaign Building Momentum for California Prunes • Little ‘Macadamia’ Wins 10.5 Million Hearts • Nucis Italia: The Nuts About Good Health Project Is Back. And It's Making News!

• Nucis Germany: Importance of Supporting Nutrition Experts • Sustainable Production: Chilenut’s Self-Imposed Challenge for Facing the Future Development of the Walnut Industry

INC HEADQUARTERS

Carrer de la Fruita Seca, 4 Polígon Tecnoparc, 43204 Reus, Spain Tel: +34 977 331 416 Email: inc@nutfruit.org

NOVEMBER 2017

Legal Update

21 Advertisers list

Statistical 98 Global Review

67

The Nutfruit magazine is published three times a year by the International Nut and Dried Fruit Council - INC (Fundació Privada International Nut and Dried Fruit CIF G-43738475).

This magazine, including all articles and illustrations, is copyright protected. Any utilization beyond the light limits set by the Copyright Act is subject to publisher’s approval.

All the trademarks, brand identities and graphic images shown in this publication are the property of their respective owners.

While the publishers believe that all information contained in this publication was correct at the time of going to press, they can accept no liability for any inaccuracies that may appear or loss suffered directly or indirectly by any reader as a result of any advertisement, editorial, photographs or other materials published in the Nutfruit magazine.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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INC Foreword

MARK SEVILLA 2018 ON YOUR CALENDAR! Mark A. Mariani INC Chairman

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he world’s largest meeting of the nut and dried fruit industry will be held in Seville, Spain in May 2018. The charming ambiance of its streets, the majesty of its monuments and its well-known spirit will surely provide a warm welcome and a memorable experience for our INC 37th Congress.

We will hold our Gala dinner at the Plaza de España, a memory you won’t forget!

We recently attended Anuga; our INC Pavilion provided a unique platform for 20 of our member companies to showcase their products and services.

INC also participated in WorldFood Moscow for the first time, and in October we were present at the IUNS 21st International Congress of Nutrition in Buenos Aires, where the Nuts for Gifts plan was promoted. It was a resounding success which brought together prestigious international researchers and helped to raise awareness of the health benefits of nuts and dried fruits among a large group of nutritionists and health professionals.

We are pleased to announce research studies funded by the INC on the benefits of nut and dried fruit consumption on human health are already producing results; such as the study led by Dr. Joan Sabaté on the effects of nut consumption on human weight, which is beginning to be published in high-impact science journals.

INC will continue to support research that can be translated to higher demand for our member commodities!

I wish you good harvests, good selling, and a continuing dedication to improving people’s lives!

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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Business News

FOREST CITY NEW YORK ANNOUNCES FERRERO INTERNATIONAL TO JOIN THE BRIDGE AT CORNELL TECH

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OREST CITY NEW YORK announced that Ferrero International, the Italian confectionary group and one of the world’s largest manufacturers of chocolates, will take space at The Bridge at Cornell Tech.

The Bridge is a first-of-its-kind building that will house an extraordinary mix of cutting-edge companies working alongside groundbreaking Cornell academic teams: from recent Cornell Tech graduates hustling to commercialize a new idea, to start-ups on the verge of explosive growth, and established companies developing leading edge technologies and products.

At The Bridge, Ferrero’s Open Innovation Science division will drive discovery, evaluation and integration plans of relevant external

science, technology and entrepreneurial innovations. Their strategic approach will be based on the identification of opportunity areas at the intersection of technology, macrotrends, and Ferrero business priorities. Alongside Cornell University students, faculty, and other innovative companies at The Bridge, Ferrero will explore technologies and innovations that could improve Ferrero products and operations, deliver optimization of nutritional value, drive improvements to product protection and packaging, and identify biotech transformations.

“Technology has become integral to all industries, not just our tech sector,” said MaryAnne Gilmartin, President and CEO of Forest City New York. “At The Bridge, we are

closing the gap between academia and industry to drive new partnerships and accelerate new technologies and products to market. We are thrilled to welcome Ferrero to the building where they will be able to take advantage of working in close proximity to the talented students and cutting-edge researchers at Cornell Tech in our unique ecosystem of impact and innovation.”

PEPSICO ADDS NUT MIXES TO WALKERS SUNBITES RANGE

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EPSICO introduced a range of nut mixes to its Walkers Sunbites range, aimed at capturing a larger share of the health-conscious market.

The Walkers Sunbites Nut Mixes contain a mixture of nuts, seeds, and dried fruit. The range is currently available in three variants – Nuts & Sun Ripened Raisins, Nuts & Sun Kissed Cranberries, and Crunchy Whole Nuts – in 35g single bags (RRP £1) and 90g sharing bags (RRP £1.99).

Thomas Barkholt, Marketing Director at PepsiCo, commented: “It is a natural move for Sunbites to launch these exciting new Nut Mixes. The Sunbites brand is known for its great taste and quality and

already has a wide appeal. The strength of the brand will help retailers capitalise on the nut snacking trend, enabling them to make the most of their snack sales.”

KEY TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCES NEW ENHANCEMENTS TO VIBRATORY CONVEYORS

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EY TECHNOLOGY introduces new features that enhance their vibratory conveyors - Iso-Flo®, Impulse®, Horizon™ and Marathon - for food processing and packaging lines. Together with established features that promote food safety and equipment durability, the innovative new grounding arm, label stand-offs, sanitary drives and Vector-Lock™ Gen 2 ease use, reduce maintenance and maximize sanitation.

“As the world’s leading provider of vibratory conveyors, we work very closely with our customers to constantly look at the challenges they face and create new solutions. This strategy fuels continuous

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improvement and reflects our commitment to maintain our leadership position,” said Jim Ruff, General Manager of the Integrated Solutions Group at Key. “Our vibratory shakers have always been recognized for superior sanitation and reliability. By advancing the technology, we stay at the forefront.”

Key’s new patented grounding arm is made of a single stainless steel structure. Unlike braided wire rope with crevasses, which can harbor bacteria and a crimped ferrule that can fail, the single structure, smooth texture and open design of the new grounding arm enhance sanitation and improve durability. Mounted to Key’s StrongArm™

spring arms to dissipate static between the conveyor bed and frame, this grounding arm presents no horizontal surfaces where liquid, product or particulates can pool. It comes standard on new conveyors and can be retrofitted to existing systems in the field.

Don’t miss the opportunity!

Enroll in the 1st INC Executive Program on Nuts and Dried Fruits

g n i t r a t S rom y f uar r b e F 2018

Where leaders are shaped Where business starts to grow For more information, visit

nutfruitacademia.org

Business News

NFL STARS RICHARD SHERMAN AND CLAY MATTHEWS PUT A SMILE IN LATEST WONDERFUL PISTACHIOS CAMPAIGN

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ONDERFUL PISTACHIOS, America’s fastest-growing snack brand, kicked off its biggest football campaign ever with Seattle Seahawks cornerback Richard Sherman and Green Bay Packers linebacker Clay Matthews. The pro-football players appear in humorous new commercials; the “Put a Smile on Your Snackface” ads score with the message that Wonderful Pistachios are the rare healthy snack that also tastes great.

Sherman and Matthews star in separate commercials featuring pistachio lovers who may be unlucky in life, but fortunate to discover the perfect gameday snack to put a smile on their snackfaces.

They quickly discover that when you feel good about eating tasty, protein-powered Wonderful Pistachios, you can also feel good about yourself.

“Wonderful Pistachios consistently put a smile on my snackface because they’re a healthy

snack, and a good source of protein and fiber,” said Sherman, who returns to the Wonderful Pistachios roster for a second consecutive year after appearing in last season’s football and Get Crackin’ ads. “No matter which team you’re rooting for, everyone can agree Wonderful Pistachios taste great, are healthy, and just plain fun to crack open.”

Clay Matthews is the newest member of the Wonderful Pistachios team. “Football fans can enjoy healthy snacks at their gameday gatherings with Wonderful Pistachios, because it’s one of the lowest-fat, lowest-calorie snack

nuts, so you don’t feel guilty snacking on them all game long,” said Matthews. “I make Wonderful Pistachios part of my daily training routine because they’re one of the highest-protein and highest-fiber snack nuts.”

The “Put a Smile on Your Snackface” campaign was created by Wonderful Pistachio’s in-house creative team, Wonderful Agency, led by chief creative officer Darren Moran, who recently joined the LA-based shop from Grey New York. “Wonderful Pistachios has a history of funny, offbeat, celebrity-driven work that both reflects and drives pop culture,” said Moran.

“We’re continuing that tradition in this irreverent new campaign, using two of football’s biggest stars to help a collection of ‘lovable losers’ feel good about themselves. Even if they’ve been twice-orphaned, ogled by Santa or betrayed by a suspicious mole.”

BLUE DIAMOND NUT-THINS LAUNCHES NEW GRAB-AND-GO SNACK SIZE

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S BETTER-for-you snacking surges in popularity, Blue Diamond Growers is introducing a new 2-oz snack bag to the Nut-Thins product portfolio in three varieties: Sea Salt, Cheddar Cheese and Sriracha.

A crispy, crunchy baked rice cracker made with the goodness of California-grown Blue Diamond almonds, the new grab-and-go Nut-Thins are rolling out at select 7-Eleven locations and other convenience stores nationwide.

“Given the evolution of the snacking category and consumer habits, we recognized the demand for on-the-go snacking options,” said Maya Erwin, Director of Brand Marketing for Blue Diamond Growers. “We’re excited to offer consumers a better choice for satisfying their cravings, whether they’re in the supermarket or stopped in a convenience store.”

According to market research, 94 percent of Americans snack at least once per day, while 61

percent of consumers crave portable snacks. When it comes to convenience store shoppers, approximately 50 percent of consumers are in search for healthier options.

BITE UK LAUNCHES RANGE OF RICE, COCONUT AND NUT CLUSTERS

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ITE UK aims to provide healthy products in an impulse format with its new range of rice, nut and coconut baked snack clusters.

Called Pure Bite, the portfolio includes blueberry and cranberry popped rice clusters, hot and spicy nut clusters and strawberry crunchy coconut clusters. Bite UK claims the

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products sit between two trends: free-from snacking and convenient food to go.

The Pure Bite range is free from dairy, gluten and preservatives, and is high in protein and fiber. Each is available in the UK with a recommended retail price of £1.49.

Business News

MORE UK CONSUMERS ARE EMBRACING HEALTHIER SNACKING, NEW SURVEY REVEALS

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VER 50% OF CONSUMERS in the UK are eating packaged, healthier snacks – such as rice cakes, cereal bars and nuts – at least once a day, according to a new survey.

Kallø, the natural food brand owned by Wessanen UK, carried out an online survey into attitudes towards food and diet with over 500 consumers across the UK. It found the number of consumers who eat packaged, healthier snacks had risen notably by 12% since the brand’s 2016 research. Of these consumers, younger adults, London residents, and people with children are the most likely to enjoy a healthy snack.

82% of respondents agreed that choosing healthy foods and drinks for themselves and their families is important, while 71% are eating more healthy food now than in the past. Almost

two-thirds (65%) also see living a healthy lifestyle as their top priority. However, almost one fifth (18%) of those asked believe health foods are only purchased by fitness enthusiasts.

The survey’s findings are reflective of a move by UK shoppers towards making a conscious decision to select better food choices, with traditional snacks often being replaced by healthier on-the-go options.

63% of respondents always read the ingredients on a pack before making the decision to purchase, while 56% try to avoid foods and drinks containing artificial ingredients. Fairtrade (59%) and free range (54%) sourcing also had an impact on buying habits, as did calorific intake (46%).

Beth Roxburgh, Kallø Brand Manager at Wessanen UK, commented: “It is encouraging to see that more and more consumers

are moving away from unhealthy snacking choices and actively looking for foods and drinks that are a better for them, while still in a convenient, packaged format.

“The findings of our latest survey show that there is a big opportunity for brands and retailers operating within the healthy-snacking category. Healthy lifestyles are becoming increasingly sought after, yet there is still plenty of scope to actively support consumers to adopt a better approach to food.”

HAAS IS NOW A PART OF THE BÜHLER GROUP

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HE HAAS GROUP, the Austrian world- market leader of wafer, biscuits, and confectionery production systems, is now part of the Bühler Group. The related acquisition contract was signed in Vienna recently. Whereas this strategic acquisition enables Bühler to complete its Consumer Foods product portfolio, it offers Haas access to the resources of the global Bühler organization,

especially its roughly 100 service stations and its innovation network. “Out of a position of strength, we are entrusting the future of our company to the family-owned Bühler Group.

"This allows us to create the best possible conditions for successfully continuing the development of our business, for the benefit of both our customers and our employees,” says Johann Haas, member of

the Supervisory Board. “We have entertained friendly relationships with Haas for years.

Together, we can generate significant added value for our customers while at the same time opening up new prospects for the employees of Haas,” says Bühler CEO Stefan Scheiber. In the context of the transaction, the jobs and locations of Haas are secured.

KELLOGG COMPANY SELECTED FOR DOW JONES SUSTAINABILITY INDEX

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ELLOGG COMPANY was selected for inclusion in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index, an independent validation of the important work the company is doing in the area of corporate responsibility. The DJSI serves as a benchmark for investors who recognize sustainable business practices as a critical component to generating longterm shareholder value. Through environmental, social, governmental and ethical-centered efforts, Kellogg has earned its spot in the United States and globally as one of the best-in-class corporations for sustainable business practices.

John Bryant, Chairman and CEO, stated: “This recognition reflects the tremendous work we have done in the areas of governance, environmental sustainability, and giving back to our communities. We pride ourselves in our ability to deliver for the business while being a company with a heart and soul, and living our founder’s values.”

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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Business News

MARS UNVEILS GOODNESS KNOWS – ITS BIGGEST UK LAUNCH FOR 20 YEARS

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ARS has unveiled its Goodness Knows snack bars in the UK made with fruit, whole nuts, rolled oats and dipped in dark chocolate.

Available in shops from August, the product represents Mars’ biggest product launch for 20 years, when the Celebrations collection was released.

The Goodness Knows range is available in three flavors: cranberry and almond; blueberry, almond and apple; and peanut and almond.

In an attempt to boost sales, Mars will spend £4.6 million on advertising and sampling activity, according to Foodbev.com.

The new product is a response by Mars to changing consumer trends towards healthier

snacking. It has just 160 calories and is made with no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives.

Michele Oliver, vice president, marketing at Mars Chocolate UK, said: “Goodness Knows has been created to fit in with people’s busy lifestyles, coming in four snackable squares that can be enjoyed all at once or eaten throughout the day.

“However, it is not just snacking on the go, consumers increasingly want products that match the values they live by, and this is where Goodness Knows comes in".

“Not only is Goodness Knows a greattasting treat, it provides the consumer with that little bit more – a product that can help to spread a little bit of goodness in their

communities by giving back to good causes in a small way.”

Mars said it will channel 10% of all sales profits to a Goodness Knows fund that will support community projects and local initiatives.

THE HERSHEY COMPANY AGREES TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK FROM HERSHEY TRUST COMPANY

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HE HERSHEY COMPANY has agreed to purchase 1,500,000 shares of its common stock from Hershey Trust Company, as Trustee for the Milton Hershey School Trust, for approximately $159 million, or $106 per share.

“This share buyback reflects our confidence in Hershey’s marketplace position, long-term growth potential and strong operating cash flow generation,” said Michele Buck, president and chief executive officer of

The Hershey Company. “Participating at this level is consistent with our capital allocation priorities and gives Hershey continued flexibility to invest in our brands and in the capabilities that give us a competitive edge at retail and with consumers. Our solid financial profile and strong operating cash flow give us many options to grow our business and create value for our stockholders.”

APPOINTMENT OF LAURENT VALLÉE AS GENERAL SECRETARY OF GROUPE CARREFOUR

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AURENT VALLÉE has been appointed General Secretary of Groupe Carrefour.

As general secretary, Laurent Vallée will be responsible for the Legal Department, the Sustainable Development Department, the Public Affairs Department, the Audit Department and the Carrefour Foundation.

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He succeeds Jérôme Bédier. Carrefour released a public statement thanking Jérôme Bédier for his commitment to the company during his five years as general secretary and deputy chief executive officer and for his contribution to the group's development in several areas, notably in the enhancement of the group's CSR actions".

Business News

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Business News

SUNNY VERGHESE (OLAM) APPOINTED AS WBCSD CHAIR FROM 2018

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HE WORLD BUSINESS COMMISSION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (WBCSD) announced that Sunny Verghese, co-founder and chief executive officer of Olam International, has been appointed as the new chair of WBCSD from 2018.

Sunny is the first ever Asian CEO and CEO from an Asia-based company to be appointed as chair in WBCSD’s 25-year-history. WBCSD is a global network of more than 200 CEOs who are responsible for a combined revenue of more than US$8.5 trillion and 19 million employees. They collectively work together to push for sustainability in business.

Sunny will be picking up the baton from Paul Polman, chairman of WBCSD and chief executive officer of Unilever, when his term ends on December 31.

“I am honored to take on the torch from Paul in January. He has been one of the most

forward-thinking and outspoken leaders for sustainability both as Chairman of the WBCSD and as a corporate leader. I am also honored to be the first Asia-based CEO to chair the organization”, said Sunny Verghese. He added: “As a convenor and facilitator, WBCSD has already achieved significant success and I am looking forward to working with our 200 member companies to help galvanize even more private businesses to accelerate the transition to a sustainable world. Together, we can and must be the solution the world needs to create a sustainable future for all.”

DIRK VAN DE PUT TO BECOME CEO OF MONDELĒZ INTERNATIONAL AS LONG-TIME CEO IRENE ROSENFELD RETIRES

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ONDELĒZ INTERNATIONAL BOARD OF DIRECTORS unanimously selected Dirk Van de Put, former president and CEO of McCain Foods, to succeed Irene Rosenfeld as CEO of Mondelēz International, as she steps down effective November 2017. Van de Put will also join the company’s board of directors. Rosenfeld will continue as chairman of the board until March 31, 2018, at which point she will retire and Van de Put will assume the role of chairman and CEO.

“I am very proud of what our 90,000 colleagues at Mondelēz International have accomplished,” said Rosenfeld. “Throughout my tenure as CEO, the world and our industry have undergone a period of unprecedented change. During that time, we anticipated emerging challenges, adapted accordingly and created significant value for our shareholders.

The outlook is bright for this great company — one of the few that has consistently delivered on both the top and bottom lines, while making critical investments for future growth.”

Dirk Van de Put will substitute Irene Rosenfeld.

CHANGES IN THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF BARRY CALLEBAUT

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Peter Boone, the new CEO & president of Barry Callebaut Americas, following the retirement of David S. Johnson.

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FTER serving as CEO & president of Barry Callebaut Americas since May 2009, David (“Dave”) S. Johnson (born 1956) expressed the desire to retire as per the end of the company’s fiscal year, August 31, 2017. Dave Johnson joined Barry Callebaut from Michael Foods, Inc. where he was CEO and member of the board; before Michael Foods Dave Johnson held senior positions with Kraft Foods Global, Inc. for more than 20 years.

To succeed Dave Johnson, the board of directors appointed Peter Boone, formerly

chief innovation & quality officer and member of the Executive Committee of Barry Callebaut, effective September 1. Peter Boone joined Barry Callebaut in December 2012, bringing extensive international experience from different senior functions within Unilever in Oceania, Latin America and Europe. At Barry Callebaut, Peter Boone assumed the additional responsibility for quality assurance as of June 2013 and for sustainability as of November 2015. Peter Boone (born 1970, Dutch national) studied Business Administration at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Business News

MACADAMIA SHELLS COULD SAVE LIVES, RESEARCH SUGGESTS

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CIENTISTS have discovered that macadamia nut shells could be a powerful tool for Australian hospitals to use in the treatment of poisonings.

Funded by Hort Innovation, and conducted by Murdoch University, the new research shows that crushed macadamia shells could be more efficient than traditional charcoal in treating certain kinds of poisoning, such as paracetamol overdoses.

Currently, Australian medical facilities treat patients by getting them to ingest a charcoal made from coconut shells, which expands in the stomach and soaks up toxins.

This latest research has found the absorption rate of crushed macadamia shells is similar to the traditional coconut shell treatment but can be specially engineered to be both more effective at mopping up toxins, and drug specific.

Hort Innovation chief executive John Lloyd said the new finding paves the way for growers and processors to tap into an additional income stream.

“Limiting food waste is an increasing area of research investment for horticulture industries.

Growers are always looking for novel ways to repurpose their by-products,” he said.

“When it comes to macadamias, 65 per cent of the weight of the nut is in the shell so there is a huge volume of shell generated".

“These findings are exciting because they present a great opportunity to add value, providing another revenue stream in macadamia production.”

Head researcher, Dr. Gerrard Eddy Jai Poinern, said the study uncovered surprising results.

“At the Nanotechnology Research Labs, we’ve engineered a super-absorbent solution with the unique inner matrix of the macadamia shells to mop up molecules of paracetamol at remarkable rates,” he said.

“By grinding and engineering the macadamia shells into microparticles we can create a new form of activated charcoal solution that helps trap the drug molecules that are poisoning the body.”

The same study, which was conducted with funding from macadamia industry levies and funds from the Australian Government through Hort Innovation, also found some interesting potential uses for macadamia shells in the gold -mining industry.

Dr. Gerrard Eddy Jai Poinern was the Head Researcher of the study.

Research showed that the high-quality activated carbons in macadamia shells could be used during the carbon-in-pulp process companies use to extract gold.

“The gold industry in Australia relies heavily on imported coconut-based activated carbons, with demand here and worldwide very high, presenting an ideal opportunity to better utilize macadamia shells,” Dr. Poinern said.

He said that next researchers need to refine the process of macadamia nut shell conversion to improve properties such as strength, toughness and absorption performance to bring the products up to medical-grade and gold industry-standard.

FIRST EVER SINGLE GUIDANCE PUBLISHED FOR INVESTIGATING AND MANAGING NUT ALLERGY

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EW COMPREHENSIVE guidance for the diagnosis and management of peanut and tree nut allergy has been developed, which for the first time brings together the latest research and expert views into a single robustly written document. Patients will benefit from receiving the latest evidencebased advice, including better understanding of risk assessment in order to reduce accidental reactions and manage reactions more effectively.

The guideline has been in the development process for five years and has been prepared by the Standards of Care Committee (SOCC) of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI). The

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guideline was published in the journal Clinical & Experimental Allergy in June.

Nut allergy is common across the developed world, affecting at least 1 in 50 children and 1 in 200 adults. The majority do not outgrow their nut allergy, so the number of affected adults will increase. Nut allergy is the commonest cause of severe and fatal allergic reactions. The fear of this has a significant psychological impact on patients and their families.

What Resources Are Currently Available?

The majority of health care professionals who look after nut allergic patients have received

no formal training for this task. Nut allergy is a relatively new condition and medical education has yet to catch up, hence the care given to patients is inconsistent. This guideline brings together the latest research and expert views on all key aspects of the subject for the first time into a single robustly written document.

Healthcare professionals can use the advice to raise the care of their patients to a national standard. Patients will benefit from receiving the latest evidence based advice, including better understanding of risk assessment to reduce accidental reactions, and the ability to manage reactions more effectively.

Gourmet Gourmet

“ YOU CAN INNOVATE, EXPERIMENT, In Cooking,

SEARCH FOR BEAUTY… BUT NEVER LOSE TASTE”

MITSUHARU ‘MICHA’ TSUMURA How does it feel to run the 8th best restaurant in the world?

What is essential, beyond the ranking, and I have kept saying this since I opened the restaurant, is taking care of the details every day. That is the best thermometer of how well you are doing your job: how customers enjoy your cuisine, what their experience is, walking through the tables and feeling the clients’ joy. Being in that position of the ranking is of course an extra motivation for the entire team.

Rather than being overwhelming, it encourages us to keep working and doing things the right way. In the end, we try to do so because it is our passion. Anyone who owns a restaurant and takes it only as a business or is mainly focused on gathering accolades usually won’t achieve either. Your mind has to be oriented to improving the customer experience. Everything else will come naturally after that.

What is the Nikkei cuisine?

If one analyzes the Peruvian cuisine and strives to understand it, and to understand as well why it has developed this much over the past decade, there are three very important factors. First, the Peruvian culture, the ancient civilization that we have had for thousands of years, which bears a gastronomic culture with techniques that still today continue to be used.

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November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

A Lima-born Peruvian, Nikkei ‘Micha’ Tsumura was encouraged by his father to turn his passion for cooking into a profession and, after studying culinary arts in the US, he went to Japan to learn about his cultural and culinary heritage.

Though he spent many months washing dishes, he learned vital knife skills and eventually how to cook rice and make sushi. He took a job at the Sheraton on returning to Lima and, some years later, opened Maido, which reached No. 8 in The World’s 50 Best Restaurants 2017.

What else?

Second, the biodiversity of the country. 75% of the world’s microclimates are present in Peru and that provides an amazing biodiversity.

The third factor is the external influence that we have received from Europe, Spain, Italy, Africa, China and Japan. Anyone can tell that Peruvian cuisine has a lot of external influence, and especially from Japan.

And that is where “Nikkei” cuisine was born…

If we had to provide a definition, we could say that it is a Peruvian style of cuisine with a Japanese influence. My father is from Japan, and my mother’s ancestors also were Japanese. Nikkei means exactly that: of Japanese descendance. Of course, my Nikkei cuisine is a result of the influence of my family background. However, in the early days of my career I did not have the clear intention of becoming a Nikkei chef. I just enjoyed cooking.

Nevertheless, as time passed, and especially back in Peru after living abroad, I understood that my mission was to create a cuisine that could unite two countries: the one where I was born, and the one that is my heritage, the blood running through my veins.

Born only 8 years ago, your restaurant is now among the most prestigious in the world. How does a project achieve such success?

It is a mixture of many factors. First, if one analyzes the explosion and internationalization of the Peruvian cuisine, it also began approximately at that time, around 8 years ago.

Therefore, the success of our project somehow had to do with being at the right time at the right place. However, as it is usually said, you might be at the right time and at the right place but if you have nothing worthy to offer, you won’t succeed.

So, along with being lucky, you definitely had something to offer.

What?

If I had to figure out what happened, why we are talking right now about Maido in this interview, I would point out several things: first, that our cuisine has always been flavor-oriented. There can be a lot of attitudes in cooking: innovate, research, search for beauty… but one can never lose the taste. And I consider that every dish we are serving, when you take it to your mouth you will be hit, you will feel a powerful taste. I don’t consider my cuisine as a subtle one. It’s rather powerful.

Your dishes also sound innovative.

We have built something different, we took risks in many moments by choosing a gastronomy that had not been offered ever before. We have created our own style, but with plentiful sense, with a lot of research on why we do things. We have, for example, created a world of Peruvian sushi, and we have made people understand that the Nikkei cuisine does exist, that it might be relatively new but bears a thriving concept: the power of Peruvian cuisine combined with the Japanese subtleness.

Gourmet

You have mentioned that you took risks. Was it difficult to be so innovative?

Quite. At the beginning, people did not understand our style. It was complicated to find customers willing to taste our Degustation [tasting] Menus. Until not so long ago, people used to go to restaurants just to eat their favorite meal, knowing exactly what they were going to taste.

They were usually reluctant to tasting new and unknown flavors. At Maido, although we have a lot of usual clients that often order the same dishes, there is always room for surprise. A few years ago, this concept, surprise, was not as welcome as it is today. Nowadays, people are used to experimenting, and that is very helpful.

Are there examples of dishes that at first were not welcomed by customers and now are extremely popular?

Sure. Our meat sushi, for example. The use of meat in a sushi was very shocking at first. Or our famous “nigiri a lo pobre” (poor-style nigiri), made with meat, quail egg and a spicy sauce. People don’t usually associate these ingredients with sushi and it took some time for customers to accept these innovations. I always claimed that there are also people who never taste sushi because they don’t want to eat raw fish or seafood, and this was a way for them to taste it! We are bringing cuisine to a new world of experimentation.

What about nuts and dried fruits? Do they have a prominent role in your cuisine?

Yes. They are present indeed. For example, we have a codfish dish that we prepare following a genuine Japanese technique: we marinate it in miso for one day and then cook it on the grill. We serve it with Brazil nuts.

The texture and taste of Brazil nuts are simply spectacular, and that is why we top the codfish with them. It provides a crunchy touch. We also use nuts, especially Brazil nuts, almonds and pistachios, and also dried fruits (mainly apricots, figs and dates) in our salads and desserts.

Ingredients 1 Portion of marinated cod 5 gr Sweet Brazil nuts 2 gr “Porcón” powdered mushrooms 12 gr Apple gel Squid ink mayonnaise

For the marinated cod: 600 gr Clean codfish (10 portions of 60 gr) 150 gr misoyaki sauce For the misoyaki sauce: 100 gr Shiro miso 30 ml Mirin 20 ml Sake 10 ml Dashi 20 gr White sugar

For the sweet Brazil nuts: 200 gr Brazil nuts 300 ml simple syrup Vegetal oil Fort the apple gel: 3 Green apples 10 gr “Ultra-sperse” 1 Japanese cucumber Preparation: For the marinated codfish: Marinate the codfish in the misoyaki sauce at least for 12 hours. Set aside and store vacuum-packed.

Refrigerate.

Fot the misoyaki sauce: Place sake, mirin, dashi and sugar in a bowl, stir until sugar is dissolved. Then add the shiromiso and dissolve. Refrigerate.

For the sweet Brazil nuts: Blanch the Brazil nuts in a pot with water and then slice them with the help of a mandolin. Heat the syrup and dip the Brazil nuts in it. Fry them in hot oil and set aside in a dry place.

For the apple gel: Process the Japanese cucumber and the green apples, strain and mix the resulting liquid with the ultra-sperse until a thick gel is formed. Set aside.

Preparation and Serving: 1.- Skewer the marinated cod (using 2 metal skewers) along the fillet.

2.- Once skewered, bring to the grill and cook for about 6 minutes.

Ensure that its cooked evenly, has obtained a golden color and is toasted.

3.- Remove the skewers very carefully, arrange the Brazil nuts on the cod to resemble scales.

Gindara

4.- On a hot plate, sprinkle the “Porcón” mushroom powder and place the cod on it. Add 3 apple gel bubbles and a spot of squid ink mayonnaise on each bubble.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

19

Legal Update

LEGAL UPDATE PESTICIDES AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: MRLs UPDATE

Pesticide

The Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) proposed to Amend Schedule 20 of the revised Food Standards Code. The following new MRLs are added or amended.

Product

Sulfoxaflor

macadamia

Cyanamide

walnuts

MRL (ppm) *0.01 T*0.02

Cyprodinil

almonds

*0.01

Phosphorous acid

tree nuts

T3000

* indicates that the maximum residue limit is set at the limit of determination.

‘T’ indicates that the maximum residue limit is a temporary maximum residue limit.

In addition, the following MRLs were approved in September 2017.

Pesticide

MRL (ppm)

Product

Pesticide

Carbaryl

prunes, tree nuts [except macadamia nuts; pecan], tree nuts (whole in shell)

Chlorantraniliprole

peanuts

0.06

Chlorfenvinphos

peanuts

deleted

Clopyralid

cranberries

4

Cyflumetofen

tree nuts

Dichlorvos

peanuts and tree nuts

Fenamiphos

peanuts

Fenpyroximate

cranberries

Fenvalerate

almonds

Flonicamid

cranberries

Flubendiamide

almonds

Fluopyram

cranberries

2

Fosetyl-aluminium

cranberries

0.5

deleted

MRL (ppm)

Product

Hexythiazox

almonds

0.3

Inorganic bromide

almonds

200

Iprodione

almonds

0.3

Metalaxyl

cranberries

Methamidophos

peanuts

deleted

Norflurazon

cranberries

deleted

Rimosulfuron

almonds

Spinetoram

almonds

Tebuconazole

tree nuts [except almonds]

0.05

peanuts

0.05

0.01

1 0.2 1.5 0.06

Trifloxystrobin 2-phenylphenol

4 deleted 0.1 0.01 0.1

walnuts

0.04

prunes

deleted

CANADA: MRLs UPDATE Canada’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency adopted the following proposed maximum residue limits.

Pesticide

Product

Sulfentrazone

tree nuts (crop group 14-11)

Flupyradifurone

stone fruits (crop subgroup 12-09)

Fluoxastrobin

peanuts

MRL (ppm)

Adoption date

0.15 1.5 0.02

Isofetamid

dried prune plums

Simazine

tree nuts (crop group 14-11)

Pyroxasulfone

peanuts

1.5 0.05 0.3

01-06-2017 12-06-2017

09-08-2017 14-08-2017

EU: MRLs UPDATE The European Commission issued the following regulations amending maximum residue limits of pesticides in nuts and fruits.

MRL (ppm)

Adoption date

Tricyclazole

Pesticide

tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts

0.01*

30-06-2017

Regulation 2017/693 of 7 April 2017

Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), alpha-isomer (F)

tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts

0.01*

Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), beta-isomer (F)

04-01-2018

Regulation 2017/978 of 9 June 2017

tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts

0.01*

tree nuts, apricots, plums, cranberries, dates, figs and peanuts

0.01*

24-07-2017

Regulation 2017/1016 of 14 June 2017

19-01-2018

Regulation 2017/1135 of 23 June 2017

Oxathiapiprolin

Product

grapes

0.7

Dimethoate

tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts

0.01*

Omethoate

tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts

0.01*

Regulation

*Indicates lower limit of determination.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

21

Legal Update EU: FOSETYL UPDATE According to the Almond Board of California (ABC), France has completed its review on the dossier requesting an EU MRL for fosetyl-Al/ phosphonates in tree nuts.

The dossier, which supports an MRL of 400-500 mg/kg for the tree nut grouping, has been forwarded to the European Safety Authority (EFSA) for their consideration.

For the time being, the temporary MRL of 75 mg/kg remains in place.

JAPAN: MRLs UPDATE The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan notified the World Trade Organization of the “Revision of the Standards and Specifications for Foods and Food Additives under the Food Sanitation Act (revision of agricultural chemical residue standards)�, which includes the following maximum residue limits in nuts and dried fruits.

Pesticide

Product

MRL (ppm)

Date

Buprofezin

pecan, walnut, other nuts (except almond)

0.05

Fipronil

peanuts, apricot, cranberry, grape, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts

0.01

2,2-DPA

apricot, prune, cranberry, grape, date, walnut, almond, other nuts

0.01

Bensulide

peanuts, apricot, prune, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts

0.01

Furathiocarb

peanuts, apricot, prune, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts

0.01

Phosphamidon

apricot, prune, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts

0.01

Sec-butylamine

peanuts, apricot, prune, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts

0.01

Tebuthiuron

peanuts, apricot, prune, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts

0.01

Tolyfloxysulfuron

almond

0.01

Phenothrin

peanuts, apricot, prune, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts

0.01

Tetrachlorvinphos

grape

0.01

DCIP

apricot, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, walnut, almond, other nuts

0.01

peanuts, apricot, cranberry, date, pecan, walnut, almond, other nuts

0.01

grape

100

Pyraclostrobin

grape

2

Pyribencarb

apricot

Triforine

peanuts, apricot, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, walnut, almond, other nuts

Fosetyl

Deadline for comments: 03-10-2017

Deadline for comments: 06-10-2017

Deadline for comments: 03-11-2017

2 0.01

USA: MRLs UPDATE The US Environmental Protection Agency established the following maximum residue limits in nuts and fruits.

Pesticide Spirotetramat

Product fruit, stone, group 12-12

MRL (ppm)

Adoption date 4.5

14-06-2017

nut, tree, group 14-12

0.25

Isofetamid

plum, prune, dried

1.50

14-06-2017

Indaziflam

fruit, stone, group 12-12; nut, tree, group 14-12

0.01

05-07-2017

Cyclaniliprole

fruit, stone, group 12-12 nut, tree, group 14-12

1.0 0.03

03-08-2017

CONTAMINANTS EU: INCREASED LEVEL OF OFFICAL CONTROLS On June 28, 2017, the European Commission issued the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1142 of 27 June 2017 amending Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 669/2009 as regards the list of feed and food of non-animal origin subject to an increased level of official controls on imports (in force since July 1, 2017).

Peanuts and derived products from Senegal (50% of control frequency for aflatoxins), dried vine fruit from Iran (5% of control frequency for Ochratoxin A) and dried vine fruit from Turkey (5% of control frequency for Ochratoxin A) were added to the list. In addition, the control frequency for dried apricots from Turkey for sulphites increased from 10% to 20%.

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November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

Legal Update After the modifications, the control frequency for nuts and dried fruits is the following: Feed and food

Country of origin

Hazard

Frequency of physical and identity checks (%)

Groundnuts (peanuts), in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or preserved, or peanut butter

Bolivia

Aflatoxins

50

Groundnuts (peanuts) in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or preserved, or peanut butter

Gambia

Aflatoxins

50

Hazelnuts, in shell or shelled

Georgia

Aflatoxins

20

Dried grapes

Iran

Ochratoxin A

5

Groundnuts (peanuts) in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or preserved, or peanut butter

Madagascar

Aflatoxins

50

Groundnuts (peanuts) in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or preserved, or peanut butter

Senegal

Aflatoxins

50

Groundnuts (peanuts) in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or preserved, or peanut butter

Sudan

Aflatoxins

50

Dried grapes

Turkey

Ochratoxin A

5

Dried apricots and apricots otherwise prepared or preserved

Turkey

Sulphites

20

Pistachios in shell or shelled

United States

Aflatoxins

10

Dried apricots and apricots otherwise prepared or preserved

Uzbekistan

Sulphites

50

EU: HYDROCYANIC ACID

EU: PRE-EXPORT CHECK PROGRAM

Regulation 2017/1237 of 7 July 2017, which entered into force on August 27, 2017, has set a maximum level of 20 mg/kg for hydrocyanic acid in unprocessed whole, ground, milled, cracked, chopped apricot kernels placed on the market for the final consumer.

On July 17, 2017, the Regulation 2017/1269 of 13 July 2017 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/949 as regards withdrawal of groundnuts (peanuts) from the United States of America from the list of approved preexport checks as regards aflatoxins entered into force.

The Regulation deletes groundnuts (peanuts) from USA from the list of the Annex I to Regulation 2015/949. Therefore, consignments will be randomly controlled at the discretion of the import authorities instead of being subjected to a less than 1% control level at the border.

QUALITY STANDARDS USA: STANDARD FOR WALNUTS The US Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) adopted the final rule revising the US Standards for Grades of Shelled Walnuts and Walnuts in the Shell. The color requirements to include red colored walnuts is amended and the “Unclassified” section is removed due to the increment of red walnut demand. The final rule is effective since September 21, 2017.

LABELING (I) AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: NUT HEALTH CLAIMS Some health claims linking nut consumption with positive health outcomes have been approved by Food Standards Australian New Zealand (FSANZ) and other relevant health departments.

For the first time, under certain conditions, producers of nut products will be able to communicate that nuts are heart-healthy on product packaging and in advertising. The health claim can be made for tree nuts (almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts), peanuts, nut butters and pastes (not weight claim).

Examples of statements include: • ‘Nuts are a heart healthy food’ • ‘Enjoy a handful of heart healthy nuts’ • ‘Regular nut consumption contributes to heart health without causing weight gain’ • ‘Regular nut consumption such as (insert nut variety in product), as part of a healthy, varied diet, contributes to heart health without causing weight gain’

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

23

Legal Update

LABELING (II) CANADA: NEW TEMPLATES FOR NUTRITION FACTS Heath Canada published a new Compendium of Templates for Nutrition Facts and list of ingredients on packed foods in order to reflect new regulatory requirements.

Companies producing and selling food products in Canada must meet the new regulatory requirements for food labels. To help the food and packaging industry in meeting format specifications, Health Canada created updated actual-size graphic illustrations for various Nutrition Facts table formats permitted and provided some examples of list of ingredients.

USA: QUALIFIED HEALTH CLAIM FOR MACADAMIA NUTS The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) completed the review of Qualified Health Claim Petition for Macadamia Nuts and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) submitted by Royal Hawaiian Macadamia Nut, Inc. FDA concluded that the current scientific evidence, though limited, is appropriate for consideration of a qualified health claim regarding the consumption of macadamia nuts and reduced risk of CHD, and the claim proposed by the petitioner is appropriately worded so as not to mislead consumers.

The claim, which manufacturers can use immediately, reads: “Supportive but not conclusive research shows that eating 1.5 ounces per day of macadamia nuts, as part of a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol and not resulting in increased intake of saturated fat or calories may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. See nutrition information for fat [and calorie] content.”

USA: QUALIFIED HEALTH CLAIM FOR PEANUTS The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recognized the use of a qualified health claim related with the early peanut introduction and reduced risk of developing peanut allergy.

The claim, which manufacturers can use immediately, reads: “For most infants with severe eczema and/or egg allergy who are already eating solid foods, introducing foods containing ground peanuts between 4 and 10 months of age and continuing consumption may reduce the risk of developing peanut allergy by 5 years of age. FDA has determined, however, that the evidence supporting this claim is limited to one study.”

Growers & Exporters

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November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

PUBLI

Feature Articles

GLOBAL TRANSITIONS WILL DRIVE TREE NUT EXPORT POTENTIAL The world economy is facing major political, social and economic transitions over the next few years that will reshape global food and agriculture supply chains and trade. Nearly three-fourths of U.S. tree nut production moves into export markets and the size and financial future of the tree nut industry is linked to these transitions.

Dr. Terry N. Barr,

Senior Director, Knowledge Exchange Division, CoBank ACB is a nationally recognized economist focused on the interactions between the U.S. and global economy and the global food and agriculture markets. Dr. Barr served as chief economist for the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives and held several senior positions at the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

F

or over a decade the global economy has been on a rollercoaster.

A commodity super cycle was fueled by rapid economic growth, a growing middle class in Asia and a drive for renewable energy.

It ended with a financial crisis that led to the worst global recession in modern history. Government policies in recent years have been focused on stimulating economic recovery through record levels of public debt and accommodating monetary policies such as zero interest rates and quantitative easing. With the economic recovery now maturing the focus in each region has turned to addressing the structural imbalances that have emerged as a result of those policies.

Thousand metric tons

Billions of U.S. dollars

9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0

Share of Total U.S. Tree Nut Export Value (2010-2016) European Union-28 • Spain • Germany • Netherlands Hong Kong / China NAFTA • Canada India Japan United Arab Emirates South Korea Turkey

1800 32.2% 8.3% 7.3% 4.3% 17.8% 10.8% 7.8% 5.9% 4.9% 4.6% 4.0% 3.9%

1600 1400 1200 1000 800

3.0

600

2.0

400

1.0

Value

200

Volume

0.0

0 2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

Chart source: Knowledge Exchange Division, CoBank, ACB : Data source: USDA

The U.S. tree nut industry has ridden the commodity cycle wave since 2005 and the export value has tripled while the volume has more than doubled. However since 2015 the export value has plateaued while export volumes have continued to rise by 25 percent. The strong U.S. dollar and global competition have pushed unit values lower. The industry exports product to nearly 170 countries but two-thirds of the flow over the past few

26

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

years has gone to the European Union, Hong Kong, NAFTA countries and India. These countries hold the key to future export growth potential.

Each of these major markets, including the U.S. which accounts for about one-fourth of total usage, are facing difficult economic, political and social choices over the next few years. Rising nationalism and growing anti-globalization sentiments are complicating the political search for policies that will address aging populations, income inequality, deteriorating infrastructure and economic growth. Record levels of public debt created to address the global financial crisis are a major limitation to policy options.

These issues must be addressed even as the world’s central banks begin to remove the accommodating monetary policies that have fueled the global economic recovery. Since the financial crisis in 2009 the world’s central banks have implemented zero or negative interest rate policies and injected nearly $13 trillion in liquidity to the financial markets. That liquidity will be gradually removed from the market over the next few years and interest rates will rise. Global terrorism and geo-political disputes will continue to be a destabilizing force in the marketplace.

More Countries Contributing to Global Growth While there are significant downside risks for the global economy the base for growth is broadening as more countries emerge from the financial crisis and contribute to growth. There is also room for some upside surprises if fiscal stimulus reemerges in several regions and political uncertainty is reduced. Underlying demand for U.S. tree nuts should remain steady in this environment. But policy actions or inaction in response to ongoing challenges in each of the major markets for tree nuts will shape growth going forward and should not be underestimated in strategic planning: The U.S. economy appears to be on solid footing for growth continuing at a moderate pace that will support domestic tree nut demand for several years. The current business cycle will become the longest in U.S. history by the second half of 2018. Hurricanes Harvey and Irma will reduce growth in the short term but the reconstruction phase will boost growth.

The challenge is the political uncertainties revolving around government spending priorities / tax reform, regulatory reform and international issues related to trade and immigration. Providing greater clarity to consumers and the business community on many of these issues could boost domestic growth. Renegotiation of trade agreements such as NAFTA and trade actions with China and other trading partners will impact future trade flows, particularly for agriculture. The strong value of the U.S. dollar, particularly since mid-2014 has been a major factor in reducing

Feature Articles

U.S. competitiveness in global markets. From mid-2014 until the end of 2016 the U.S. dollar rose in value by over 25 percent relative to the major currencies and sharply reduced the buying power of global consumers.

Since December 2016 the value of the U.S. dollar has fallen by 10 percent.

Continued shifts in relative growth rates and central bank policies are likely to move the dollar lower, enhance foreign purchasing power and provide more pricing opportunities than in recent years.

Growth prospects in the European Union (EU-28) have improved but it faces a similar range of political uncertainties regarding government spending and debt levels but they are complicated by issues over the rising immigrant populations. The negotiations over the exit of the United Kingdom from the EU could be a major distraction until completed in 2019. New leadership in the U.K. and France has not consolidated their political base and only Germany appears on a solid growth path. The EU, which is currently negotiating new bilateral agreements with Japan and Australia, continues to seek new trade agreements across the world.

Meanwhile the U.S. has withdrawn from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) negotiations, begun a renegotiation of NAFTA and is reviewing all of its existing trade agreements. The EU accounts for about one-third of all U.S. tree nut exports.

The Hong Kong/China market will also be in transition in 2018 after the completion of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party in October 2017. President Xi Jinping will consolidate his leadership control and reaffirm commitments to their plan of doubling the size of their economy from 2010 to 2020. This will require continued growth of 6-7 percent per year but some imbalances may need to be addressed in 2018.

They will also reaffirm commitments to global trade, particularly the One Road, One Belt policies to provide infrastructure investment to create a land-based Silk-Road Economic Belt and an oceangoing Maritime Silk Road. The Hong Kong/China market accounts for nearly 20 percent of U.S. tree nut exports.

The NAFTA countries of Canada and Mexico continue with steady growth that remains deeply linked to U.S. economic growth. The decline in commodity prices, particularly oil, has forced economic realignments but the greatest current concern is the renegotiations of the NAFTA agreement. Both countries are reexamining their traditional export and import supply chains in the context of the negotiations and may choose to expand trade flows with non-NAFTA countries. Canada is the third largest individual country for U.S. tree nut exports.

India has become one of the most rapidly growing markets for U.S. tree nuts in recent years. Growth rates in India are likely to recover to the 7 to 8 percent range well into 2018 after their currency exchange initiative in late 2016 slowed economic growth. Consumer demand may also be bolstered by some recovery in the value of the Indian rupee. The Indian rupee fell by nearly 40 percent to the U.S. dollar following the financial crisis and sharply eroded consumer purchasing power relative to U.S. products.

The World Market Holds Significant Potential In the short term the global economy will continue to grapple with major Millions of people 5412

5000

2015

2020

2030

World increase of 2 to 3 billion from 2015 to 2030.

4000

Asia Pacific will account for nearly 90 percent of the global increase (over 2 billion increase)

3766

3000

3492

3030 2023

2000 1380

1000

724 736 733 335 344 354

245 303 335

0 World

North America

Europe

Central & South America

Asia Pacific

Chart source: KED, CoBank, ACB : Data source: Brookings Institute

transitions and the next decade will be one of continued volatility. But the underlying trends in the number of people entering the middle class over the next decade suggest significant potential for market growth for food and agriculture. From 2015 to 2030 it is estimated that the number of people entering the middle class will increase by 2 to 3 billion. The number of people entering the middle class is particularly important for the food sector. When people enter the middle class one of their first

“In the short term the global economy will continue to grapple with major transitions and the next decade will be one of continued volatility” priorities is to upgrade their diets. As they solidify their financial position they move on to housing, transportation, electronics, etc. It should also be recognized that very little of this middle class growth will occur in the advanced economies of North America or Europe. Nearly 90 percent of the middle class growth will occur in the Asia pacific region.

Translating that growth into a market opportunity for products such

“The underlying trends in the number of people entering the middle class over the next decade suggest significant potential for market growth for food and agriculture” as tree nuts will require at least four ingredients. The ability to pay on the part of the consumer, access to the market, transportation infrastructure and development of competitive products to match the consumer preferences of the specific markets. Seizing the potential will require public policies that support global trade and strategic investments on the part of the tree nut industry.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

27

Feature Articles

SUGARS AND TRADITIONAL DRIED FRUITS: NO REASON FOR CONCERN Few issues in nutrition generate more scientific controversy and consumer confusion than the association between sugar and health. Traditional dried fruits are nutrient dense, with no added sugar and like all fruits and vegetables, can contribute to health. As a source of natural sugar in the diet, given current media interest in sugar reduction, do we have reason for concern?

Intrinsic Sugars Not 'Free Sugars'

Sugars in dried fruit are considered intrinsic: those sugars incorporated in the structure of intact cells. Drying fruit retains the cellular matrix of the fruit tissue and simply removes a portion of the fruit’s water, so concentrating their natural sugar. This is normalized by smaller serving sizes. Per fruit, they have no more sugar (or energy) than their fresh counterpart. Traditional dried fruit includes prunes, raisins, dried apricots, peaches and figs; plus dates, even though most varieties are “fresh” with naturally low moisture. Nothing is added to these fruit that alters their nutritional value.

Intrinsic Sugars Recommended Over Free or Added Sugars

While the terminology used to describe sugars is inconsistent (Table 1) and health organizations have set different upper limits of sugar consumption (Table 2), all stress the importance of reducing intake of foods with added sugars and encourage foods with intrinsic sugars.

Dr. Arianna Carughi advises California agricultural boards, Sun-Maid Growers of California and food, nutrition and wellness industries.

Jennette Higgs, RD RNutr provides nutrition consultancy services in EU for Dried Fruit and Nut Industries.

Minimally processed, traditional dried fruits retain most of the nutritional properties of their fresh counterparts and so are included within the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) definition of “fruit”1, as in the U.S. UK, Argentina, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, and Sweden among others.2 Likewise they can count towards achieving targets such as the UK’s 5-a-day scheme.

How Do Intrinsic and Added or Free Sugars Differ?

Added sugars are chemically identical to sugar that naturally occurs in foods. No analytical laboratory method can distinguish them and the body processes both sugar sources similarly. Differences occur however physiologically. Entrapped in the plant food matrix, release of intrinsic sugars in the gut is slowed down, blood glucose moderated and insulin response lowered. For this reason studies actually show that traditional dried fruits have a low to moderate glycemic index and a glycemic response comparable to fresh fruits.9,10 This appears

Table 1. Terminology used to describe sugars Total sugars3,6

All mono and disaccharides (glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, maltose). Includes naturally occurring sugars as well as those added to a food or drink.

Free sugars (WHO and SACN)4,5

Sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides) added to foods and drinks by the manufacturer, cook, or consumer, and sugars naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices, and fruit juice concentrates (includes nectars).

Added sugars (EFSA) 6

Eaten separately or used as ingredients in processed or prepared foods (such as sucrose -white sugar, brown sugar, raw sugar, fructose, glucose, starch hydrolysates and other isolated sugar preparations- corn syrup, corn syrup solids, high-fructose corn syrup, malt syrup, maple syrup, pancake syrup, fructose sweetener, liquid fructose, honey, molasses).

Added sugar (FDA, USA)7

Any sugar added during the processing of foods or consumed separately (sugars, syrups, naturally-occurring sugars that are isolated from a whole food and concentrated so that sugar is the primary component [e.g., fruit juice concentrates], other caloric sweeteners).

Intrinsic sugars (WHO and SACN) 6,7

Sugars naturally incorporated in the structure of intact fruits and vegetables;sugars from milk (lactose and galactose).

Table 2. Summary of key recommendations for added (free) sugar intake Organizations WHO

Recommendation 10% total energy; suggested a further reduction to below 5% calories for additional health benefits.

6

SACN (UK)

7

5% total energy; redefined in 2015 and reduced from 10% (previously “non-milk extrinsic sugars”).

American Heart Association (AHA)8

5% total energy.

Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015 (USA) 2

10% total energy.

European Food Safety Administration (EFSA) 8

25% total energy.

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Feature Articles

to be due to the presence of fiber, organic sugars, and polyphenols that can modify the response.11,12,13,14 Moreover, a study comparing the glycemic response to 100 calorie servings of dried and fresh fruit showed no difference in peak sugar levels.16 The glycemic index is a measure of how a food affects blood sugar levels. Foods with a low glycemic index may help to decrease the risk of diabetes and are useful in its management.

Dried Fruits: A Wealth of Nutrients

Of concern to health organizations is that a high intake of foods containing added sugars displaces the intake of nutrient dense foods, thereby compromising nutrient intakes. All fruits and vegetables, including traditional dried fruits are nutrient dense, providing essential nutrients that may be lacking in today’s diets such as fiber and potassium.

Modeling research undertaken by the British Nutrition Foundation concludes that achieving recommended daily fibre intakes (30 g fibre/day for adults)7 is difficult, even when following dietary guidelines. To do so requires around 8 portions/day of fruit and vegetables, with fibre-rich snacks (e.g. seeds, nuts and dried fruit) and other high-fibre foods (e.g. pulses) included in the diet15.

Dried fruits also provide vitamin A (apricot and peaches), calcium (figs), vitamin

K (prunes), boron (raisins and prunes), iron (apricots and peaches) and copper (all), as well as an array of health protective bioactive compounds including carotenoids, flavonoids and phenolic acids, pectins and fructooligosaccharides. Devoid of fat and very low in salt (sodium),16 epidemiologic studies have found an association between dried fruit consumption and improved diet quality.17 Dried Fruit and Dental Health

Concerns about adverse effects of dried fruit on dental health have led to restrictive advice around consumption as a betweenmeal snack, to reduce the impact on teeth18.

A recent literature review of research around dried fruit and dental health concludes that the common perceptions that dried fruits are ‘‘sticky’’, adhere to teeth, and are detrimental to dental health because of their sugar content are based on weak evidence; and that there is a lack of good quality scientific data to substantiate such restrictive advice. The review also highlights for consideration several characteristics of dried fruits that could in part mitigate potential detrimental dental effects: relatively high levels of sorbitol, which contribute to the maintenance of tooth mineralization; their chewy texture and taste which might help to promote the flow of saliva; and their polyphenol content with

potential anti-bacterial properties19. Whilst more research is recommended, common sense would suggest that restricting nutrient dense dried fruit snacking in favour of typical carbohydrate snacks (e.g. crisps, biscuits), that have been shown to be more retentive to teeth than dried fruit is absurd20.

If reducing sugars is the aim, then reducing intake of less nutritious sources of sugar should be the focus.

Traditional dried fruits are simply fresh fruit with water removed. Their unique

“Traditional dried fruits are simply fresh fruit with water removed. Their unique combination of taste, aroma and nutritional value, offer a convenient step towards healthier eating” combination of taste, aroma and nutritional value, offer a convenient step towards healthier eating, bridging the gap between recommended intake of fruits and actual consumption. It’s time to put the traditional back onto dried fruit and preserve their historical place as an integral part of healthy dietary patterns around the world, through factually correct, proactive communications in defense of nature’s own sweets!

References 1. Agudo A. Measuring Intake of Fruits and Vegetables, World Health Organization (WHO): 2005 http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/publications/f&v_intake_measurement.pdf 2. http://www.fao. org/nutrition/education/food-dietary-guidelines/regions/. 3. Hess J, Latullipe ME, Ayoob K, Slavin J. The confusing world of dietary sugars: Definitions, intakes, food sources and international dietary recommendations Food Funct., 2012, 3, 477. 4. World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline: Sugars Intake for Adults and Children. World Health Organization (WHO); Geneva, Switzerland: 2015. 5.

Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) Carbohydrates and Health. Public Health England; London, UK: 2015. 6. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre. EFSA J. 2010:8. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1462. 7. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Changes to the Nutrition Facts Label https://www.fda.gov/Food/ GuidanceRegulation/GuidanceDocumentsRegulatoryInformation/LabelingNutrition/ucm385663.htm. 8. http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/circulationaha/120/11/1011.full.pdf. 9. Foster-Powell K, Holt SHA., and Brand-Miller JC. “International Table of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values: 2002.” Amer J of Clin Nutr 2002; 76:5–56. 10. JA Anderson, HA Huth, MM Larson, AJ Colby, EJ Krieg, LP Golbach, KA Simon, SL Wasmundt, CJ Malone, T Wilson. Glycemic and Insulin Response to Raisins, Grapes and Bananas in College Aged Students FASEB Journal. 2011; In Press Abstract #6161. 11.

Esfahani A, Lam J, Kendall CM> Acute effects of raisins consumption on glucose and insulin responses in healthy individuals. J Nutr Sci 2014;3:e1. 12. Johnston KL, Clifford MN, Morgan LM Coffee acutely modifies gastrointestinal hormone secretion and glucose tolerance in humans: glycemic effects of chlorogenic acid and caffeine. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 78: 728-33. 13. Björck I, Elmståhl HL. The glycaemic index: importance of dietary fibre and other food properties. Proc Nutr Soc. 2003 Feb; 62(1):201-6. 14. Widanagamage RD, Ekanayake S, Welihinda J. Carbohydrate-rich foods: glycaemic indices and the effect of constituent macronutrients. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009;60 Suppl 4:215-23. 15. Hooper B, Spiro A, Stanner S (2015) 30 g of fibre a day: An achievable recommendation? Nutrition Bulletin. 40; 118-129. 16. Alasalvar C. and Shahidi, F. Composition, Phytochemicals, and beneficial health effects of dried fruits: An Overview. In: Dried fruits: Phytochemicals and Health Effects. WileyBlackwell, 2013, Oxford, U.K. pp 1-18. 17. Keast DR, O’Neil CE and Jones JM. Dried fruit consumption is associated with improved diet quality and reduced obesity in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004. Nutr Res 2011; 31(6):460-7. 18. http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/5ADAY/Pages/Whatcounts.aspx. 19. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09637486.20 16.1207061. 20. Kashket S, Van Houte J, Lopez LR, Stocks S (1991) Lack of correlation between food retention on the human dentition and consumer perception of food stickiness. J Dent Res. 70(10): 1314-1319.

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Feature Articles

PESTICIDES: FUTURE CHALLENGES AND HOW TO MANAGE THE ISSUE TO AVOID NEGATIVE IMPACT ON TRADE Sustainable food production is a massive global challenge and the pesticide sector makes a significant contribution to achieving this. However, the innovative process of supplying farmers with tools is affected by current European legislation.

Jean Charles Bocquet

has been the Director General of ECPA -the Brussels-based trade association representing the manufacturers of agrochemicals in Europebetween 2013 and 2017.

T

he reality is that decisions made today in Brussels can have an immediate and significant impact on our food supply and will undoubtedly affect the ability of future generations to access safe, sustainable and affordable food. Such decisions influence what we eat, how we eat, and the cost of our food.

This is a crucial moment for the future of agriculture in the EU. The standards they are setting now will have immediate and long-term implications for European trade.

The current regulations 1107/2009 and 396/2005, which determine the authorization of products on the market as well as the Maximum Residue Levels for trade, have

“This is a crucial moment for the future of agriculture in the EU. The standards they are setting now will have immediate and long-term implications for European trade” had a huge impact on the agri-food chain.

This is especially visible when looking at the innovation process of bringing a new solution to the market. Currently it takes more than 11 years to bring a product to the market and requires more than €200 million of investment to give growers enough tools to effectively combat pests, weeds and diseases, which evolve much quicker than that and whose resistance to existing solutions evolve even quicker. However, the regulatory proceeding currently hinders the innovation process because of the delays in approvals and the lack of harmonization through the zonal system.

One need only look at the recent example of glyphosate, where regulatory authorities

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around the world, the EFSA, EPA and 90,000 pages of evidence confirmed it should be reapproved, yet member states could not agree, or the current discussion on endocrine disruptors, where the Commission has chosen the policy option that places the highest burden and impact on agricultural production, without any increase in protection for health and the environment over the other less burdensome options available to it.

Impact on Trade Indeed, the latter regulatory issue criteria for endocrine disruption that have been published recently by the European Commission could potentially have a huge impact on trade. In the Kyd Brenner report on ‘Potential trade effects on selected agricultural exporters to EU under regulation 1107/2009 (Hazard Based Cut offs)’ we learn that Mexican and Brazilian coffee, American almonds and Indian rice may have a harder time making their way into the EU market. That is if the proposal on endocrine disrupting chemicals from the Commission goes through in its current form. The report warns that, calculated over a three-year period, some €14 billion of EU imports are at risk.

This analysis extended to the entire range of potentially affected commodities imported by the EU. It is expected that the measures could have a potential impact on trade of around €65 billion.

As an industry we strongly believe that only with a policy that is science-based and designed to manage risk, rather than hazard, can we create an EU regulatory environment that fosters innovation and encourages competitiveness, yet current legislation is going in the opposite direction.

Feature Articles Reality Gap It seems, however, that some of the regulatory problems that we are facing are rooted in the high disconnect of society to the problems of farming. A YouGov study (April 2016) showed that only 4% of adults surveyed in Europe (UK, Germany, Spain, Poland) correctly estimated that world food production should increase by 60% by 2050 to meet the demand of the growing population. The 60% figure is according to the Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. When asked to identify the figure by which world food production must increase, 61% of respondents underestimated the amount.

Furthermore, respondents misjudged the role that pesticides play in supplying affordable food to consumers. In fact, only 31% of adults surveyed thought that farmers’ inability to protect their crops against diseases and crop infestation was a factor directly linked to the cost of the world’s food supply. But 91%

“World food production should increase by 60% by 2050 to meet the demand of the growing population” agreed that their access to healthy, fresh food was linked to price.

There is an obvious disconnect. If farmers cannot protect their crops, cost will inevitably increase. Consumers can’t have it both ways.

Pesticides help farmers provide safe and affordable food.

But in the background today there is the story of French farmers facing drops of up to 75% in their wheat yield in 2016 (challenging conditions for wine growers) but all the while the French government is taking positions nationally and in Brussels which limit farmers’ access to the tools they need, such as dimethoate to fight the suzukii fly, which has decimated cherry production this year, and sending the cost up nearly 20%.

This is just France - you need only look at a report1 which highlighted the precarious

“A report highlighted that farmers could lose up to 85% of their crops if certain pesticides were taken off the market” position our food production system potentially finds itself in, concluding that farmers could lose up to 85% of their crops if certain pesticides were taken off the market. There is a real danger that politicians could be sleepwalking into a food production crisis, with significant consequences for the environment, trade, production and the economy, impacting on every one of us, from the farmer to the consumer.

Let’s Work Together We listen and learn from stakeholders and the

public, and engage in dialogue on key topics to better understand the interests, views and perspectives of others working towards sustainable agricultural productivity.

We need to enable our farmers to produce more food, and to empower them to feed more people with increased efficiency, using less

“We need to enable our farmers to produce more food, and to empower them to feed more people with increased ef!ciency, using less land and fewer natural resources” land and fewer natural resources. The crop protection industry is significantly engaged in training and stewardship projects with farmers to promote and implement good management practices during the use phase of the products.

Politicians, industry and society need to work together to develop integrated and sustainable solutions. To succeed, farmers will need access to all the available technology.

We firmly believe that we need to do more to tell the story of the benefits our industry brings to society - and we are trying to do this with our #WithOrWithout campaign - but this is a story that keeps being lost in the current environment. This is a critical moment for European agriculture and we should not sleepwalk into a crisis.

References 1. “Cumulative impact of hazard-based legislation on crop protection products in Europe” Steward Redqueen, 2016 http://www.stewardredqueen.com/uploads/nieuws/cumulative_impact_of_hazard_ based_legislation_on_crop_protection_products_in_europe.pdf

Your Distributor for Germany Work hand in hand with the nuts & dried fruits import and marketing experts.

PALM NUTS & MORE · Nuss und Trockenfrucht GmbH & Co. KG Lindenstrasse 17 · D - 21244 Buchholz · Germany Telefon: + 49 4181 9091- 0 · Fax: + 49 4181 9091 - 80 mail@ palm-nutsandmore.de · www.palm-nutsandmore.de

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Feature Articles

LEVERAGING ANCIENT INDIAN MEDICINAL WISDOM: A CASE OF ALMONDS India, China, Greece and several other cultures saw traditional medicinal systems emerge, grow and prosper in ancient times. Many such systems continue to be practiced to this day and are used in conjunction with modern medicine and science. The ancient Indian medicinal wisdom of the Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani systems is one that falls comfortably into that category. In fact, Ayurveda is not only an integral part of Indian culture, but is fast becoming a worldwide trend. The number of Ayurveda teaching institutes around the globe has increased significantly in the last decade, including in countries like the U.S. and the U.K. Additionally, there has been an exponential increase in the sale and use of products based on Ayurvedic knowledge and in the adoption and incorporation of Ayurvedic practices, such as yoga, into everyday life.

Dr. Padma Venkat

is an Ayurveda researcher at the Transdisciplinary Institute in Bangalore, India who pioneered strategic areas for trans-disciplinary research such as Rasayana and wellness (concepts and products).

A

yurveda, a combination of Sanskrit words ‘Ayus’ (Life) and ‘Veda’ (Science), translates to ‘Science of Life’ and is a 3000-year-old traditional Indian medicinal system. It is one of the most well documented medicinal systems, with several publications that are duly recognized by the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India.

Charaka Samhita, a codified manuscript that captures the teachings of Ayurveda, is considered the oldest and most authentic published text on the subject. Another Sanskrit text, Susruta Samhita, is a compilation of surgical procedures and is attributed to Sushruta, who is believed to be the first individual to describe rhinoplasty. The cardinal principle of Ayurveda is that the macrocosm (environment) and microcosm (the individual) share common elements, with the Panchmahabhutas (the five elements) being air, water, fire, Earth, and space. According to the Tri-dosha doctrine, different combinations of these elements form three doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) or ‘mind-body types’ (Image 1) and predominance of one or two defines the Prakriti or ‘mind-body constitution’ of an individual.

Image 1

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With the understanding that treatment for body and/or mind must be administered based on an individual’s mind-body constitution, Ayurveda uses a tailored approach to treat mind-body imbalance. This tailored treatment is attained not only by adjusting proportions of therapeutic foods used in a treatment recipe, but also by altering treatment dose and administration method and time of the day or even season of the year. The medicinal or therapeutic effects of the natural foods and herbs recorded in Ayurveda are based on painstaking observations over years of practice. As a result, centuries before modern science could outline the need for human clinical trials to prove the efficacy of various herbs and foods and their respective health benefits, Ayurveda had identified their physical, functional, and therapeutic properties and used them to treat disease causing imbalances in the body. One such food item identified by Ayurveda for its multiple health benefits is almonds (Image 2).

The fact that almonds feature in Indian culture and traditions just as prominently as they do in Ayurvedic texts is not a mere coincidence. In terms of Indian culture and tradition, almonds are one of the few natural foods that enjoy the halo of being used as an offering to the Gods and as coveted gifts to friends and family on festive occasions. Almonds are also used in various recipes during several auspicious and important events. A widely-practiced custom of serving almond-laden milk to the groom on his wedding night has its Image 2 roots in a commonly held belief that almonds not only act as an aphrodisiac but also help increase vitality.

Ground almonds in milk are considered a healthy protein source and are consumed by traditional wrestlers to help improve strength and energy.

Mothers ensure that their school-aged kids consume almonds daily to help improve their cognitive and academic performance. Since these practices have their roots in the Ayurvedic text, a comprehensive search of published Ayurveda and related traditional medicinal texts is imperative for a better understanding of all health related almond benefits.

Feature Articles

As Ayurveda experts from the Trans-Disciplinary University (TDU), Bangalore, India, and at the behest of the Almond Board of California (ABC), Dr. Subrahmanya Kumar and I set out on a quest to review published Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani texts approved by the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, to document almond related health benefits. Interestingly, apart from the known health benefits of almond consumption, we discovered many others that most consumers know little about. For instance, although almonds are widely known as a rejuvenator, tonic and nutritive nutraceutical product (functional food) when used in food preparation (Images 3 & 4), the ancient codified Indian medical systems also mentioned it as an ingredient in many compound medicinal formulations with pharmacological effects. For instance, “A medicated ghee [Mahamayura ghrta] prepared with almonds and other drugs like madhūka, akṣoḍa munjāta, abhiṣuka etc., is helpful to treat the functional decline of various tissues, sensory organs and voice, dyspnoea, cough and facial paralysis” (Aṣtāngasamgraha uttaratantra, śirorogapratishedha adhyāya, 30).

In Ayurvedic texts, almonds are generally referred to as ‘Vatada’ or ‘Badma’ or ‘Vatma’ and are considered to be ‘madhura’ or sweet and to have ‘snighdha’ or unctuous properties. In terms of their action on doshas (Dosha Karma), they are known as ‘vata-pittahara’ as they help reduce ‘Vata’ and ‘Pitta’ doshas and ‘kaphakara’ as they help increase kapha dosha and are used accordingly in cases of dosha imbalance. Based on their pharmacological actions outlined in Ayurveda, almonds are used as a ‘Poshaka’ or tonic to help support all tissues, for ‘Brimhana’ or enhanced body bulk, for ‘Balya’ or enhanced muscle strength, as ‘Vatanadi uttejaka’ or nervous system stimulant, as ‘Vatanadi balya’ or nerve tissue nourisher, as ‘Vrshya’ or aphrodisiac, and for ‘Varnya’ or enhanced complexion and skin health protection. Almonds are used therapeutically in the treatment of weakness of the brain and central nervous system as well as senile sensory loss, chronic constipation, debility and weakness because of diabetes, burning micturition, chronic cough, dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, paralysis, facial paralysis, and palsy. The therapeutic prescription of almonds is also considered in cases such as ‘Kshata ksheena’ or debility and weakness occurring from chronic illness and

Almonds have been used for medicinal purposes for centuries, well before the inception of modern medicine and science

Image 3

Image 4

‘Shukra daurbalya’ or infertility resulting from diseases of the semen.

In addition to suggested uses for internal administration, Ayurveda also suggests external application of almond seed paste in cases of skin discoloration due to all causes. Use as toothpaste to treat tooth and gum diseases is also recommended.

Unani, the Arabic system of traditional medicine, refers to almonds as ‘Mita Badam’ or ‘Laujulhayo’ and suggests their role in promoting intellect and providing unctuousness to brain tissue, apart from nourishing reproductive tissues in both males and females.

Use of almond paste and almond oil is also prescribed for relief from skin inflammation and as a remedy for dry hair. Similarly, the Siddha system of medicine, considered to be consolidated teachings of eighteen spiritual adepts from Tamil Nadu, South India, prescribes the use of almonds to treat gastric irritation, constipation, and even joint inflammation and refers to almonds as ‘Adappam’ or ‘Adambu’ or ‘Vaadumai’.

This evidence demonstrating the use of almonds by traditional Indian medicinal systems to impart health benefits, indicates that almonds have been used for medicinal purposes for centuries, well before the inception of modern medicine and science. Leveraging the wisdom of these ancient systems in conjunction with the findings of modern science will provide us with a greater understanding of the use of almonds and other natural foods for optimally attainable health benefits for a healthier lifestyle.

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Feature Articles

FDA’S FOREIGN SUPPLIER VERIFICATION REQUIREMENTS The FDA’s Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP) is one of the seven rules which make up the FDA’s Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). This rule is already beginning to have a significant impact on the import of human and animal foods into the U.S., and it will continue to shape the way we import foods for years to come. The purpose of the regulation is to ensure that foods sold in the U.S. are all held to the same regulatory requirements, whether produced here or imported from another country.

When FSMA was first passed in 2011, FDA was granted some broad authorities which impact importers, including: • Mandatory recall authority; • Broad access to companies’ records; • Authority to deny entry of foods into the U.S. if a company refuses FDA access; and • Importer accountability: for the first time, importers are explicitly responsible to verify foreign suppliers’ food safety programs are adequate.

The FSVP rule defines the requirements which importers are responsible for in this verification process. This entails development of a written supplier approval process which must be documented, and followed by the importer.

It’s required to include: • An assessment of any “known or reasonably foreseeable hazards” for each type of food imported.

• A process for approving suppliers, and ensuring that only approved suppliers are purchased from.

• An evaluation of the supplier, based on their compliance with FDA regulations and based on their history. This may include a search of the FDA web site to determine any past issues with the supplier; it may also include either a facility audit or a questionnaire, both are common tools for assessing a supplier’s compliance with requirements.

• Based on the above importers must assess risk for each item imported, and manage the risk through their documented program. This will include ongoing “verification” of suppliers, as required by the regulation, which may include: • Obtaining a documented facility audit report annually and reviewing it; • Inspection of trucks and goods upon receipt and while unloading; • In many cases, laboratory test results for pathogens, pesticides, or other risk factors; • Letters of guarantee, as appropriate.

Additionally, with any food safety program, there are requirements to document any corrective actions when there is an issue, and there are specific records requirements related to these programs.

Requirements laid out in the FSMA regulations are quite document-

heavy. We suspect that many companies will begin to implement electronic document control systems or database-type electronic records programs to manage this, allowing for easy document access from the cloud, and to meet the requirements for providing documents to the FDA within 24 hours. One significant factor in this regulation is that the FDA requires prompt response to requests for documentation, which in many cases will be done via phone or other means rather than by in-person visit.

We are often asked if certification to GFSI programs such as BRC or SQF will suffice in demonstrating a supplier’s compliance with FSMA. These programs go a long way in demonstrating a supplier’s compliance with the regulations; however there are still gaps between the “standard” and what FSMA requires, and importers are responsible to ensure that their suppliers meet all requirements laid out in the regulations. For this reason both of these programs have developed an additional checklist to be used during the audit, in addition to the standard checklist, to help demonstrate compliance with FSMA requirements.

Compliance Dates

Below are compliance dates. As you can see, they are primarily based on the supplier, not the importer; this is a fact that is missed by many in the industry.

• Importers who fall under the Preventive Controls rule (which includes some warehouses!) must comply with the supply chain compliance dates within that rule.

• For raw agricultural commodities imported from a supplier who falls under the Produce Safety rule, 6 months after the supplier’s compliance date in the Produce Safety rule.

• For other food products, 6 months after the supplier’s compliance date in the Preventive Controls rule.

• The compliance date for all others passed in May 2017.

Notably, as of fall 2016 compliance dates for importers of food packaging have been delayed by two years based on feedback from the industry1.

The FDA has a lot of information on their web site, including a recorded webinar that can be streamed, as well as a document that summarizes the requirements laid out in the regulation in plain English. We highly recommend taking a look: http://www.fda.gov/fsma

References 1. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2016/08/24/2016-20176/the-food-and-drug-administration-food-safety-modernization-act-extension-and-clarification-of

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Feature Articles

NON GMO

Project VERIFIED

nongmoproject.org

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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Health News

NUTS CONSUMPTION AND FOETAL PROGRAMMING: NEW PERSPECTIVE ON HUMAN GROWTH A moderate intake of nuts, as part of the maternal diet, may be essential for correct early-stage development and to maintaining a healthy life, reducing the risk of common chronic diseases in adulthood.

Dr. Jesús García-Gavilán and Prof.

Jordi Salas-Salvadó Human Nutrition Unit of the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV (Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus (Spain). CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid (Spain).

N

uts contain great amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in addition to a large variety of vitamins, minerals, phytosterols and fibre, which are essential for a healthy balanced diet, such as the Mediterranean diet. Maternal nutrition and diet, both before and after birth, is critical for the infant as it is closely related to foetal and new-born growth1.

Lipids, for instance, are vital for neurological and visual development. In this regard, PUFA alphalinolenic acid (ALA, n-3) and linoleic acid (LA, n-6) are precursors of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA), a type of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA)2, which has been demonstrated to be essential for the proper

development of neuronal membranes, visual cell growth, as well as for the correct synaptic plasticity and cognition of the new-born1. These nutrients can be obtained first via the placenta, and the mother’s milk thereafter. Therefore, it is critical that the mother guarantee the dietary intake of such nutrients by consuming foods rich in LA and ALA, such as certain vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, legumes and oily fish.

Although it is not completely clear which biological processes are involved, several studies have shown that differences in the quality and amount of fatty acid intake by the mother can modify foetal programming, for example, in changing maturation and memory for the subsequent generation3.

Overall, beyond dietary type or quantity, unsaturated fatty acids play an important role in the new-born health.

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Health News In this sense, a recent animal study in rats on the offspring’s memory and reflex development has focused on assessing the effect of cashew nut consumption during pregnancy and lactation in the context of a normolipidic or hyperlipidic diet [cashew nuts have significant levels of monounsaturated (oleic and gadoleic) and polyunsaturated FA (α-linoleic and α-linolenic)]. Total MUFA consumption was different between diet groups, being higher in the hyperlipidic diet group. Researchers showed that cashew consumption in the context of a normolipidic diet accelerated the maturation of the nervous system and prevented memory loss in the offspring, in comparison with the hyperlipidic diet group4. The authors suggested that MUFA levels may interfere in reflex development, indicating that the dietary MUFA/PUFA ratio could be important for development and maturation in the offspring.

Previously, Fan and co-workers demonstrated that, upon a deficiency of n-3 PUFA in the maternal diet during pregnancy or lactation, significant changes in brain structure and function occur, which are lasting and irreversible after weaning5. Therefore, these studies suggest that the quality and the amount of fat consumption may have important consequences for the mother and baby.

Another study conducted in animals has evaluated the effect of a high-fat diet on Notch/Hes pathway activation in the hippocampus of the offspring, a brain area related to neuronal proliferation and differentiation.

The authors observed higher Hes5 expression in the hippocampus in addition to increased Notch1 and Hes5 mRNA in the offspring whose mothers ate a high-fat diet compared to normal-fat diet control group6. This study reinforces that maternal diet can produce epigenetic modifications in the children even after birth, thus affecting their normal development.

These effects can also influence other developmental processes in relation to the hypothalamus and produce adverse consequences in the subsequent generation. Prior and collaborators7 compared the effect of a maternal hyperlipidic diet with a maternal normolipidic diet on blood pressure, renal sympathetic nerve activity, responses to stress and sensitivity to central administration of leptin and ghrelin (two hormones) in rabbit offspring. After 4 months, they observed increased blood pressure, renal sympathetic nerve activity and changes in the sympathetic response to leptin and acute stress, suggesting maternal nutrition can negatively influence cardiovascular risk factors in the offspring. In this regard, there are some epidemiological studies supporting these hypotheses, such as those pointing towards the association between gestational weight gain or gestational diabetes mellitus with cardio-metabolic risk in the following generation, potentially driven by changes in the neurotrophic actions of leptin or the melanocortin pathway8.

Overall, beyond dietary type or quantity, unsaturated fatty acids play an important role in the health of the new-born.

Maternal nutrition and fatty acid consumption during critical development time-windows for the offspring, such as pregnancy or lactation, can be critical factors influencing modifications in foetal programming and the risk of developing chronic metabolic diseases during the life of the new-born.

2

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Foetal programming has recently become an area of research of high interest in nutrition sciences. Overall, beyond dietary type or quantity, unsaturated fatty acids play an important role in new-born health. Results from these studies support the finding that maternal diet may determine, to a great extent, the proportion of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids in their new-born, thereby influencing their neuronal functional status and limiting their total brain development.

References 1. Mennitti L V., Oliveira JL, Morais CA, Estadella D, Oyama LM, Oller do Nascimento CM, et al. Type of fatty acids in maternal diets during pregnancy and/or lactation and metabolic consequences of the offspring. J Nutr Biochem. 2015 Feb; 26(2):99–111. 2. Hatanaka E, Harauma A, Yasuda H, Watanabe J, Nakamura MT, Salem N, et al. Essentiality of arachidonic acid intake in murine early development. Prostaglandins, Leukot Essent Fat Acids. 2016 May; 108:51–7. 3. Santillán ME, Vincenti LM, Martini AC, de Cuneo MF, Ruiz RD, Mangeaud A, et al. Developmental and neurobehavioral effects of perinatal exposure to diets with different omega-6:omega-3 ratios in mice. Nutrition. 2010 Apr; 26(4):423–31. 4. de Melo MFFT, Pereira DE, Sousa MM, Medeiros DMF, Lemos LTM, Madruga MS, et al. Maternal intake of cashew nuts accelerates reflex maturation and facilitates memory in the offspring. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2017 Oct; 61:58–67. 5. Fan C, Fu H, Dong H, Lu Y, Lu Y, Qi K. Maternal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deprivation during pregnancy and lactation affects neurogenesis and apoptosis in adult offspring: associated with DNA methylation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcripts. Nutr Res. 2016 Sep; 36(9):1013–21. 6. Mendesda-Silva C, Lemes SF, Baliani T da S, Versutti MD, Torsoni MA. Increased expression of Hes5 protein in Notch signaling pathway in the hippocampus of mice offspring of dams fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy and suckling. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2015 Feb; 40:35–42. 7. Prior LJ, Davern PJ, Burke SL, Lim K, Armitage JA, Head GA. Exposure to a High-Fat Diet During Development Alters Leptin and Ghrelin Sensitivity and Elevates Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Arterial Pressure in Rabbits. Hypertension. 2014 Feb 1; 63(2):338–45. 8. Taylor PD, Samuelsson A-M, Poston L. Maternal obesity and the developmental programming of hypertension: a role for leptin.

Acta Physiol. 2014 Mar; 210(3):508–23.

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Health News

NEW SCIENTIFIC STUDIES Assaf-Balut, C., de la Torre, N. G., Durán, A., Fuentes, M., Bordiú, E., del Valle, L., ... & Izquierdo, N. (2017). A Mediterranean diet with additional extra virgin olive oil and pistachios reduces the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): A randomized controlled trial: The St. Carlos GDM prevention study.

PloS one, 12(10), e0185873.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence is increasing and becoming a major public health concern. Whether a Mediterranean diet can help prevent GDM in unselected pregnant women has yet to be studied. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the incidence of GDM with two different dietary models. All consecutive normoglycemic (<92 mg/dL) pregnant women at 8-12 gestational weeks (GW) were assigned to Intervention Group (IG, n = 500): MedDiet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and pistachios; or Control Group (CG, n = 500): standard diet with limited fat intake. Primary outcome was to assess the effect of the intervention on GDM incidence at 24-28 GW. Gestational weight gain (GWG), pregnancy-induced hypertension, caesarean section (CS), preterm delivery, perineal trauma, small and large for gestational age (SGA and LGA) and admissions to neonatal intensive care unit were also assessed.

Analysis was by intention-to-treat. RESULTS: A total of 874 women completed the study (440/434, CG/IG).

According to nutritional questionnaires and biomarker analysis, women in the IG had a good adherence to the intervention. 177/874 women were diagnosed with GDM, 103/440 (23.4%) in CG and 74/434(17.1%) in IG, p = 0.012. The crude relative risk (RR) for GDM was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.56-0.95; p = 0.020) IG vs CG and persisted after adjusted multivariable analysis, 0.75(95% CI: 0.57-0.98; p = 0.039). IG had also significantly reduced rates of insulin-treated GDM, prematurity, GWG at 24-28 and 36-38 GW, emergency CS, perineal trauma, and SGA and LGA newborns (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: An early nutritional intervention with a supplemented MedDiet reduces the incidence of GDM and improves several maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Freisling, H., Noh, H., Slimani, N., Chajès, V., May, A. M., Peeters, P. H., ... & Mancini, F. R. (2017). Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PANACEA study. European Journal of Nutrition, 1-10.

PURPOSE: There is inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between higher intake of nuts, being an energy-dense food, and weight gain. We investigated the relationship between nut intake and changes in weight over 5 years. METHODS: This study includes 373,293 men and women, 25-70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 from 10 European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Habitual intake of nuts including peanuts, together defined as nut intake, was estimated from countryspecific validated dietary questionnaires. Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported 5 years later. The association between nut intake and body weight change was estimated using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center/country as random effect and nut intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects.

The relative risk (RR) of becoming overweight or obese after 5 years was investigated using multivariate Poisson regressions stratified according to baseline body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: On average, study participants gained 2.1 kg (SD 5.0 kg) over 5 years. Compared to non-consumers, subjects in the highest quartile of nut intake had less weight gain over 5 years (-0.07 kg; 95% CI -0.12 to -0.02) (P trend = 0.025) and had 5% lower risk of becoming overweight (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92-0.98) or obese (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.90-0.99) (both P trend <0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Higher intake of nuts is associated with reduced weight gain and a lower risk of becoming overweight or obese.

Jung, H., Chen, C. Y. O., Blumberg, J. B., & Kwak, H. K. (2017). The effect of almonds on vitamin E status and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean adults: a randomized clinical trial. European Journal of Nutrition, 1-11.

PURPOSE: Almonds have shown to beneficially modify some cardiovascular risk factors in clinical trials conducted in diverse ethnic populations but this relationship has never been tested in Koreans. Thus, we tested the impact of almonds consumed as a snack within the context of a typical Korean diet on cardiovascular risk factors.

METHODS: We conducted a randomized, crossover trial in a free-living setting with a 2-week run-in period, two 4-week intervention phases, and a 2-week washout period between interventions. Eighty four overweight/obese participants (11 M/73 F; 52.4 ± 0.6 year; 25.4 ± 0.22 kg/m2) consumed either 56 g of almonds or isocaloric cookies daily for 4 weeks. RESULTS: Mean % daily energy intake at baseline was 64.8, 21.3, and 14.9% from carbohydrate, fat, and protein, respectively. The addition of 56 g of almonds daily decreased carbohydrate energy to 55.0%, increased fat to 32.0%, and maintained protein at 14.7%. Consuming the almonds increased intake of MUFA by 192.3%, PUFA by 84.5%, vitamin E by 102.7%, and dietary fiber by 11.8% and decreased % energy from carbohydrate by 14.1%. Total caloric intake was increased by the almonds, but body weight, waist circumference, and body composition were not affected. Almonds in overweight and obese Korean adults decreased TC, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C by 5.5, 4.6, and 6.4%, respectively, compared to the cookie control (P ≤ 0.05). Almonds increased plasma α-tocopherol by 8.5% (P ≤ 0.05) from the baseline and tended to increase its value as compared to cookies (P = 0.055). Neither the almonds nor cookies altered plasma protein carbonyls, MDA or oxLDL. Of serum inflammatory markers, IL-10 was decreased by almond intake (P ≤ 0.05), and ICAM-1, IL-1β, and IL-6 tended to be lower with almonds, compared to the cookies. CONCLUSIONS: Almonds at 56 g/day consumed as a snack favorably modified the Korean diet by increasing MUFA, PUFA, vitamin E, and dietary fiber intake and decreasing % energy intake from carbohydrate. Almonds also enhanced plasma α-tocopherol status and serum TC and LDL-C in overweight and obese Koreans. Thus, including almonds in typical Korean diets as a snack can help healthy overweight/obese individuals improve nutritional status and reduce their risk for CVD.

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Feature Articles

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Health News Arjmandi, B. H., Johnson, S. A., Pourafshar, S., Navaei, N., George, K. S., Hooshmand, S., ... & Akhavan, N. S. (2017).

Bone-Protective Effects of Dried Plum in Postmenopausal Women: Efficacy and Possible Mechanisms. Nutrients, 9(5), 496.

Osteoporosis is an age-related chronic disease characterized by a loss of bone mass and quality, and is associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures. Postmenopausal women are at the greatest risk of developing osteoporosis due to the cessation in ovarian hormone production, which causes accelerated bone loss. As the demographic shifts to a more aged population, a growing number of postmenopausal women will be afflicted with osteoporosis. Certain lifestyle factors, including nutrition and exercise, are known to reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis and therefore play an important role in bone health. In terms of nutrition, accumulating evidence suggests that dried plum (Prunus domestica L.) is potentially an efficacious intervention for preventing and reversing bone mass and structural loss in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis, as well as in osteopenic postmenopausal women.

Here, we provide evidence supporting the efficacy of dried plum in preventing and reversing bone loss associated with ovarian hormone deficiency in rodent models and in humans. We end with the results of a recent follow-up study demonstrating that postmenopausal women who previously consumed 100 g dried plum per day during our one-year clinical trial conducted five years earlier retained bone mineral density to a greater extent than those receiving a comparative control. Additionally, we highlight the possible mechanisms of action by which bioactive compounds in dried plum exert bone-protective effects. Overall, the findings of our studies and others strongly suggest that dried plum in its whole form is a promising and efficacious functional food therapy for preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women, with the potential for long-lasting bone-protective effects.

Berryman, Claire E., Jennifer A. Fleming, and Penny M. KrisEtherton. Inclusion of Almonds in a Cholesterol-Lowering Diet Improves Plasma HDL Subspecies and Cholesterol Efflux to Serum in Normal-Weight Individuals with Elevated LDL Cholesterol.

The Journal of Nutrition (2017), (8):1517-1523.

Background: Almonds may increase circulating HDL cholesterol when substituted for a high-carbohydrate snack in an isocaloric diet, yet little is known about the effects on HDL biology and function. Objective: The objective was to determine whether incorporating 43 g almonds/d in a cholesterol-lowering diet would improve HDL subspecies and function, which were secondary study outcomes. Methods: In a randomized, 2-period, crossover, controlledfeeding study, a diet with 43 g almonds/d (percentage of total energy: 51% carbohydrate, 16% protein, and 32% total and 8% saturated fat) was compared with a similar diet with an isocaloric muffin substitution (58% carbohydrate, 15% protein, and 26% total and 8% saturated fat) in men and women with elevated LDL cholesterol.

Plasma HDL subspecies and cholesterol efflux from J774 macrophages to human serum were measured at baseline and after each diet period. Diet effects were examined in all participants (n = 48) and in normal-weight (body mass index: <25; n = 14) and overweight or obese (≥25; n = 34) participants by using linear mixed models.

Results: The almond diet, compared with the control diet, increased α-1 HDL [mean ± SEM: 26.7 ± 1.5 compared with 24.3 ± 1.3 mg apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I)/dL; P = 0.001]. In normal-weight participants, the almond diet, relative to the control diet, increased α-1 HDL (33.7 ± 3.2 compared with 28.4 ± 2.6 mg apoA-I/dL), the α-1 to pre-β-1 ratio [geometric mean (95% CI): 4.3 (3.3, 5.7) compared with 3.1 (2.4, 4.0)], and non-ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 cholesterol efflux (8.3% ± 0.4% compared with 7.8% ± 0.3%) and decreased pre-β-2 (3.8 ± 0.4 compared with 4.6 ± 0.4 mg apoA-I/dL) and α-3 (23.5 ± 0.9 compared with 26.9 ± 1.1 mg apoA-I/ dL) HDL (P < 0.05). No diet effects were observed in the overweight or obese group. Conclusions: Substituting almonds for a carbohydrate-rich snack within a lower-saturated-fat diet may be a simple strategy to maintain a favorable circulating HDL subpopulation distribution and improve cholesterol efflux in normal-weight individuals with elevated LDL cholesterol. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01101230.

Bitok, E., Jaceldo-Siegl, K., Rajaram, S., Serra-Mir, M., Roth, I., Feitas-Simoes, T., ... & Sabaté, J. (2017). Favourable nutrient intake and displacement with long-term walnut supplementation among elderly: results of a randomised trial.

British Journal of Nutrition, 118(3), 201-209.

Older adults tend to require fewer energy content and higher levels of nutrients to promote and maintain optimal health. Regrettably, dietary variety and quality are known to decline with advancing age. We conducted a 2-year prospective, randomised, dietary intervention trial where we asked free-living elderly subjects (63-79 years) on self-selected habitual diets to incorporate walnuts daily into their diet (15 % energy). We then compared their nutrient intake with that of a similar group of concurrent participants on self-selected habitual diets but abstaining from walnut consumption (control). No recipes or advice on use of nuts were provided. Dietary intake was assessed by multiple unannounced 24-h telephone dietary recalls. On average, walnut supplement consumption was 43 g/d or 1171·5 kJ (281 kcal). The mean daily energy intake was 954 kJ (228 kcal) higher in the walnut group than in the control group (P<0·001). Compared with control, participants in the walnut group reported significantly higher intake of total protein, vegetable protein, total PUFA and n-3 and n-6 PUFA; and significantly lower intake of total carbohydrate, animal protein, SFA, and Na. An estimated 19 % of total energy and 25 % of total fat from other food sources was displaced. Displacement of MUFA and total PUFA was 21 and 16 %, respectively. Thus adding a daily supplement of walnuts to an ad libitum diet of older adults can induce favourable modifications to the nutrient profile in a way that addresses declining nutrient intake associated with aging.

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Health News Byerley, L. O., Samuelson, D., Blanchard IV, E., Luo, M., Lorenzen, B. N., Banks, S., ... & Taylor, C. M. (2017). Changes in the Gut Microbial Communities Following Addition of Walnuts to the Diet. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.

Walnuts are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, phytochemicals and antioxidants making them unique compared to other foods. Consuming walnuts has been associated with health benefits including a reduced risk of heart disease and cancer. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked to several chronic diseases. One potential mechanism by which walnuts may exert their health benefit is through modifying the gut microbiome. This study identified the changes in the gut microbial communities that occur following the inclusion of walnuts in the diet. Male Fischer 344 rats (n=20) were randomly assigned to one of two diets for as long as 10 weeks: (1) walnut (W), and (2) replacement (R) in which the fat, fiber, and protein in walnuts were matched with corn oil, protein casein, and a cellulose fiber source. Intestinal samples were collected from the descending colon, the DNA isolated, and the V3V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene deep sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq for characterization of the gut microbiota. Body weight and food intake did not differ significantly between the two diet groups. The diet groups had distinct microbial communities with animals consuming walnuts displaying significantly greater species diversity. Walnuts increased the abundance of Firmicutes and reduced the abundance of Bacteriodetes. Walnuts enriched the microbiota for probiotic-type bacteria including Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae, and Roseburia while significantly reducing Bacteroides and Anaerotruncus. The class Alphaproteobacteria was also reduced.

Walnut consumption altered the gut microbial community suggesting a new mechanism by which walnuts may confer their beneficial health effects.

Chen, G. C., Zhang, R., Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A., Zhang, Z., Bonaccio, M., van Dam, R. M., & Qin, L. (2017).

Nut consumption in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a meta-analysis 18 prospective studies. Food & Function.

Several previous meta-analyses show a consistent inverse association between nut consumption and all-cause mortality, but the associations with cause-specific mortality remain uncertain. A recent meta-analysis on nut consumption and multiple health outcomes combined incidence and mortality outcomes across most of the analyses, which may have introduced heterogeneity across studies. We conducted an updated meta-analysis to evaluate the nut-mortality association. We searched PubMed and EMBASE and we contacted authors for additional data. The final analyses included 18 prospective studies. The random-effects summary RRs for high compared with low nut consumption were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78-0.84) for all-cause mortality (18 studies with 81 034 deaths), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71-0.79) for CVD mortality (17 studies with 20 381 deaths), 0.73 (95% CI: 0.67-0.80) for CHD mortality (14 studies with 10 438 deaths), 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.91) for stroke mortality (13 studies with 4850 deaths) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80-0.93) for cancer mortality (11 studies 21 353 deaths).

These results were broadly consistent within subgroups according to various study and population characteristics and within sensitivity analyses that took into account potential confounders. Peanut (5 studies) and tree nut (3 studies) consumption were similarly associated with mortality risks. Dose-response analyses suggested evidence for nonlinear associations between nut consumption and mortality (P-nonlinearity <0.001 for all outcomes except cancer mortality), with mortality risk levelling off at the consumption of about 3 servings per week (12 g d-1). Our findings suggest that nut consumption is associated with reduced all-cause and cause-specific mortality, with the strongest reduction for CHD mortality. Both tree nuts and peanuts may lower mortality and most of the survival benefits may be achieved at a relative low level of nut consumption.

Donadio, J. L., Rogero, M. M., Guerra-Shinohara, E. M., Desmarchelier, C., Borel, P., & Cozzolino, S. M. (2017). SEPP1 polymorphisms modulate serum glucose and lipid response to Brazil nut supplementation.

European Journal of Nutrition, 1-10.

PURPOSE: The consumption of Brazil nuts has been associated with benefits to lipid metabolism and reductions in total cholesterol and LDL concentrations. They are the richest natural source of selenium which has essential functions in human physiology. Genetic polymorphisms in Selenoprotein P could impair lipid and glucose metabolisms. The aim of this work was to verify the influence of polymorphisms in genes for selenoproteins on blood lipid levels after dietary supplementation with Brazil nuts in healthy adults. METHODS: The study included 130 healthy volunteers selected at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. They were supplemented with one nut a day for 8 weeks, followed by 8 weeks without intervention. The following analyses were performed: anthropometric measurements, serum fasting glucose, lipid profile, C-reactive protein and plasma MDA levels. The volunteers were genotyped for SNPs rs1050450, rs3811699, rs1800699, rs713041, rs3877899, rs7579, rs34713741, and rs5845 in genes for selenoproteins. RESULTS: The concentrations of total cholesterol and fasting glucose levels decreased after 8 weeks of supplementation (p < 0.05). Glucose levels were modulated by rs3877899 in SEPP1, with significantly lower levels observed for individuals with the GA + AA genotype (p = 0.025). In addition, rs7579 was associated with cholesterol concentrations, which were significantly lower for individuals with the GG genotype (p = 0.053). CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with one Brazil nut a day for 8 weeks reduced total cholesterol and glucose levels. Furthermore, our results suggest that rs3877899 might be associated with glucose concentrations and rs7579 with cholesterol concentrations. Therefore, the effect of genetic variations should be considered in future nutritional interventions evaluating the response to Brazil nut supplementation.

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Health News Fogacci, F., Cicero, A. F., Derosa, G., Rizzo, M., Veronesi, M., & Borghi, C. (2017). Effect of pistachio on brachial artery diameter and flow-mediated dilatation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled-feeding clinical studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, (justaccepted), 00-00.

Background Results of previous clinical trials evaluating the effect of pistachio supplementation on endothelial reactivity (ER) are controversial. Aims We aimed to assess the impact of pistachio on ER through systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of available randomized, controlled-feeding clinical studies (RCTs). Methods The literature search included SCOPUS, PubMed-Medline, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar databases up to 1st August 2017 to identify RCTs investigating the impact of pistachio on ER. Two independent reviewers extracted data on study characteristics, methods and outcomes. Overall, the impact of pistachio on ER was reported in 4 trials. Results The meta-analysis did not suggest a significant change in brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) (WMD: +0.28%; 95%CI: -0.58, 1.13; p = 0.525) while brachial artery diameter (BAD) improved (WMD: +0.04%; 95%CI: 0.03, 0.06; p<0.001) following pistachios consumption. Conclusion The present meta-analysis suggests a significant effect of pistachios on ER, affecting BAD but not FMD.

Hashemian, M., Murphy, G., Etemadi, A., Dawsey, S. M., Liao, L. M., & Abnet, C. C. (2017). Nut and peanut butter consumption and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 106(3):858-864.

BACKGROUND: Nut consumption has been associated with decreased risk of colorectal, endometrial, lung, and pancreatic cancers. Polyphenols, fiber, vitamins, and minerals in nuts may confer this observed protective effect.

To our knowledge, no prospective study has evaluated the effect of nut consumption on esophageal and gastric cancers. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the associations between nut and peanut butter consumption and the risk of esophageal and gastric cancers and their different subtypes. Design: In this study we used data from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, which enrolled 566,407 persons who were 50-71 y old at baseline (1995-1996). The median follow-up time was 15.5 y. Intakes of nuts and peanut butter were assessed through the use of a validated food-frequency questionnaire. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for esophageal and gastric cancers and their subtypes. RESULTS: We identified 966 incident cases of esophageal adenocarcinomas, 323 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 698 cases of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, and 732 cases of gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma. Compared with those who did not consume nuts or peanut butter [lowest category of consumption (C0)], participants in the highest category of nut consumption (C3) had a lower risk of developing gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma [C3 compared with C0, HR: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57, 0.94)]. This inverse association was also seen for peanut butter consumption [C3 compared with C0, HR: 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.94)]. We observed no significant associations between the highest and lowest intakes of nuts or peanut butter and the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, or esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Among older American adults, both nut and peanut butter consumption were inversely associated with the risk of gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma.

Tapsell, L. C., Lonergan, M., Batterham, M. J., Neale, E. P., Martin, A., Thorne, R., ... & Peoples, G. (2017). Effect of interdisciplinary care on weight loss: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ open, 7(7), e014533.

To determine the effectiveness of a novel interdisciplinary treatment compared with usual care on weight loss in overweight and obese adult volunteers. DESIGN: Single blinded controlled trial. Participants randomly assigned to usual care (C, general guideline-based diet and exercise advice), intervention (I, interdisciplinary protocol) or intervention + a healthy food supplement (30 g walnuts/day) (IW). SETTING: Community based study, Illawarra region, south of Sydney, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Generally well volunteer adult residents, 25-54 years, body mass index (BMI) 25-40kg/m2 were eligible. At baseline 439 were assessed, 377 were randomised, 298 completed the 3-month intensive phase and 178 completed the 12-month follow-up. INTERVENTIONS: Treatment was provided at clinic visits intensively (0 months, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months) then quarterly to 12 months. Support phone calls were quarterly. All participants underwent blinded assessments for diet, exercise and psychological status. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MEASURES: The primary outcome was difference in weight loss between baseline and 12 months (clinically relevant target 5% loss). Secondary outcomes were changes in blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipids, and changes in diet, exercise and psychological parameters. RESULTS: At 12 months, differences in weight loss were identified (p<0.001). The I group lost more than controls at 3 months (91.11 (92.23,90.00), p<0.05) and the IW more than controls at 3 months (91.25 (92.35,90.15), p<0.05) and 6 months (92.20 (93.90,90.49), p<0.01). The proportion achieving 5% weight loss was significantly different at 3 months, 6 months and 9 months (p=0.04, p=0.03, p=0.03), due to fewer controls on target at 3 months, 6 months and 9 months and more IW participants at 6 months. Reductions in secondary outcomes (systolic blood pressure, blood glucose/lipid parameters and lifestyle measures) followed the pattern of weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: An interdisciplinary intervention produced greater and more clinically significant and sustained weight loss compared with usual care. The intensive phase was sufficient to reach clinically relevant targets, but long-term management plans may be required.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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A Chat A Chat with with thethe Industry Industry

NUTS AND DRIED FRUIT WILL PLAY AN INCREASING ROLE IN THE CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS OF THE FUTURE”

SANDRA MARTÍNEZ DE ARÉVALO SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT CONFECTIONERY AT NESTLE

How have confectionery consumer trends changed lately?

There are two significant trends sweeping across the confectionery world. The first is “premiumization”, as consumers in both developed and developing countries are willing to pay higher prices for unique tastes and experiences. The second is towards healthier eating, where the consumer is looking for all the great taste but in a product format that is “better for them” than existing products on the market.

So, is the increasing awareness about the importance of healthy eating forcing a change in the type of confectionery products available?

Certainly. Products are evolving. We see products simplifying ingredients lists, removing

Sandra Martinez de Arévalo is Senior Vice President – Confectionery at Nestle. She has previously played other significant roles in the management of the company, such as President of the Confectionery Division of Nestle Canada, CEO of Nestle Venezuela and Global Head of the Confectionery Strategic Business Unit.

artificial flavors and colors and a few have even reduced fat and sugar. Perhaps the biggest evolution, however, is that we are making it easier for consumers to eat our products responsibly by making portions which are both appropriate in size and intuitively easy to understand. We have also seen the rise in many new “healthier” products which emphasize wholesome ingredients such as fruit and nuts either inside the product or (even better) prominent on the packaging so that they can be seen by the consumer.

Do you expect that this awareness will continue to increase? Is the industry prepared for that?

We only see this trend continuing. The whole industry is reshaping its portfolio.

Manufacturers are acting and they have a good

understanding of what the consumer is looking for. The challenge is to fit it into their existing manufacturing footprints or brand portfolios.

What other challenges is the sector facing?

Ingredients such as dried fruit and nuts will be increasingly used in the category and will play a prominent role in the products of the future. Ensuring consistent supply, quality and traceability will be key. The modern consumer wants to eat better but will not compromise on taste and is asking tough questions about where these ingredients are coming from and how the farming communities are being treated.

Nestle has announced that there is room to grow in the confectionery market, but at the same time is considering reducing its number of brands. Is this because consumer trends have changed, and nowadays certain types of confectionery represent a thriving business opportunity while others have become no longer profitable?

Nestle is constantly reviewing its portfolio. Few brands have lost relevance to the consumer but there are many others which have met modern consumer needs and are thriving. The company is not afraid to let this natural attrition take place.

Fifty years experience as International Brokers and Agents Consultants Almonds, Hazelnuts, Pistachios, Cashews, Walnuts, Peanuts, Pinenuts, Olive Oil, Seed Oils and Other Products

44, Avenue Marceau - 75008 Paris - Tél.: 33 (0) 1.40.70.94.50 - Fax.: 33 (0) 1.40.70.94.80 - somercom@somercom.com Cell : Hubert Berrebi + 33 (0) 607683972

Cell : Raoul Gamon + 33 (0) 608370413

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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A Chat with the Industry

What is the role of nuts and dried fruits in confectionery?

As I explained previously, the consumer appreciates seeing whole ingredients in their products and they associate that with a more natural and, in many cases, healthier perception. A good example of how we have captured this trend is our product Nestle Les Recettes de l’Atelier (see picture).

Are there any nuts or dried fruits that, in your opinion, have margin for growth in the confectionery market?

Across the world different fruits and nuts are enjoyed in different regions. It is likely that manufacturers will increasingly try to cross-fertilize some of these ingredients into different regions to see how consumers react. We should also expect the growth of “superfruits”, which are more exotic and enable differentiation and “premiumization”.

What is the role of marketing in the process? What percentage of success depends on the product itself, and what depends on marketing?

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Nestle has been built on brands. Engaging with the consumer in a meaningful way and reassuring them of the quality is just as important as giving them a great product. There are some great products in the market that the consumer doesn’t know about, doesn’t trust or cannot relate to – that’s the part a brand plays.

Of course, the brand can promise many things, but if it does not “delight in the mouth” then… we know how that ends up!

Is Big Data essential to understanding consumers and reacting accordingly?

Understanding the consumer has always been at the heart of selling successful products.

Previously, brands gathered this information from many sources, including their own research. These days there is more data becoming available from digital sources, which is more granular and timely. There is no doubt that this can improve our offering to the consumer, especially as those consumers are expecting greater levels of service and personalization.

Although initially it may seem as though they are not related, have new technologies and online trends affected or in any way modified the confectionery market? How? It varies by country and category. Ecomm penetration levels are very high in countries such as the UK and China and very low in others like Russia. Where penetration is high (for example 25% of the chocolate market in China is in Ecomm), consumer understanding of brands is definitely shaped by their digital interaction; they are influenced by other consumers’ comments and recommendations.

The speed and ease of delivery means that they are more prepared to try new brands even if they can be quite expensive.

What changes can we expect in the near future?

The world is going to continue to speed up!

Expect more influence from Asia. Premium and healthier products will grow, the consequence of which is that there will be many opportunities for the fruit and nuts industry.

A Chat with the Industry

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www.nutfruitcongress.org

INC Congress

Dear INC friends, We are very excited about our next World Nut and Dried Fruit Congress in Sevilla. From May 21-23, 2018, more than 1,000 delegates will have the opportunity to network, share knowledge and do business in an unrivaled scenario - Sevilla promises a fruitful and memorable experience. It will once again be a great chance for all those involved in nuts and dried fruits to gain invaluable insight into our industry and raise their profile within it. Mark your calendars because nowhere else in the world will you find so many industry leaders.

Spain, and particularly Sevilla, has a lot to offer our delegates and accompanying persons. It stands as one of the top destinations in Europe for countless reasons: its monuments and sights, such as the magnificent Giralda (the Cathedralâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s bell tower), the Cathedral itself, the unique Torre del Oro and the Maestranza bullring are all world-famous, as are its traditions, with Flamenco being the most renowned.

Sevilla will take the industryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pulse through a comprehensive set of round-tables, seminars and keynote speakers, as well as an international exhibition featuring the latest trends, products and services. Renowned industry leaders will join us to carefully assess the state of the market and key trends. Besides sharing knowledge and experiences, the congress will provide participants with a diverse program of social events to relax while networking with your peers and business contacts.

This XXXVII World Nut and Dried Fruit Congress will be hosted at a top-class facility: the FIBES Conference & Exhibition Center, a modern compound ready to host all types of congresses, fairs and events. Its stunning 2,000-capcity auditorium will serve as the main hall. Along with the main auditorium, the building offers plenty of space and facilities for an exhibition area, lunch area, private meeting rooms, press rooms and VIP rooms.

We hope you will join us and count down the days until another memorable congress.

Yours sincerely, Organizing Committee

Antonio Pont

Congress Chairman

Mark Mariani INC Chairman

Goretti Guasch

INC Executive Director

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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INC Congress

SEVILLA: A CAPTIVATING MIXTURE OF HERITAGE AND VIBRANCY

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nce again, the INC Congress will represent a unique opportunity for attendees to immerse themselves in the culture and attractions of the hosting region. Sevilla and Andalucía have a lot to offer!

Attending the event will allow delegates and accompanying persons to discover an amazing city, full of history, color and liveliness. Sevilla is one of the top destinations in southern Europe, due to its countless monuments and attractions. Among them, the Giralda and the cathedral surely stand out as two that no visitor should miss.

The Giralda is a tower of unequalled size for a building of its era (from the 12th to the 16th century). In fact, for a long time it was the tallest building in the world (101 meters, counting the Giraldillo, the beautiful weathervane that crowns it and one of the symbols of the city).

The Giralda is a perfect symbiosis of different architectural styles and different civilizations. It begins at the base as a minaret and becomes a bell tower at the top, which offers a stunning panoramic view of the city.

At the foot of the tower stands the largest Gothic cathedral in existence, which leaves visitors awestruck by its proportions. Everything in the cathedral is colossal. Admire the main altarpiece, considered by many to be one of the most outstanding works in the history of art, or examine the mausoleum, which holds the remains of Christopher Columbus.

Along with the cathedral and its Giralda, many other attractions add to Sevilla’s appeal: the charm of its old town and narrow streets, the elegance of its parks like “Parque de María Luisa”, the peculiar and formidable “Plaza de España”, the magic of quarters like “Triana” or “Barrio de Santa Cruz”, the “Torre del Oro”, the “Maestranza” bullring and the “Reales Alcázares”.

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Additionally, what makes Sevilla different and so appealing goes beyond its monuments and sights. It has to do with its people and atmosphere. It’s the joy in its streets and squares and the pleasant walks next to the Guadalquivir river. As if this were not enough, Sevilla is the world capital of “Flamenco”, the most famous Spanish music and dancing style. There is no question that if you are attending the INC Congress, getting to know Sevilla is a must!

INC Congress

INC VENUES: CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION CENTER AND CONGRESS HOTELS FIBES Gu ad alq uiv ir R ive r

Conference & Exhibition Center

Santa Justa Train Station

GRAN MELIÁ COLÓN Hotel (5*) Plaza de Toros de la Maestranza

MELIÁ LEBREROS Hotel (4*)

Sevilla Cathedral Torre del Oro

HOTEL ALFONSO XIII Welcome Cocktail (5*)

PLAZA DE ESPAÑA Gala Dinner

Plaza de España

Parque de Maria Luisa

MELIÁ SEVILLA Hotel (4*)

PLAZA DE LAS AMÉRICAS Casual Buffet Dinner

SEVILLA

Transportation to and from FIBES Conference & Exhibition Center and Social Events will be provided from all INC recommended hotels.

Check out the detailed map on www.nutfruitcongress.org.

The FIBES Auditorium can host up to 2,000 spectators.

The Alfonso XIII Hotel (5*) is one of Sevilla’s iconic cultural landmarks.

SESSIONS & MEETINGS

HOTELS

Located a few minutes from the city center, FIBES Sevilla Conference & Exhibition Center is an extensive and modern compound ready to host all types of congresses, fairs and events.

The FIBES building will be hosting the 37th edition of the INC Congress, and its stunning 2,000-capacity state-of-theart auditorium will serve as the main hall.

Along with the main auditorium, the building offers plenty of different spaces and facilities such as an exhibition area, lunch area, private meeting rooms, press rooms and VIP rooms.

Commissioned by the King of Spain to play host to international dignitaries during the 1929 Exhibition, Hotel Alfonso XIII (5*) remains an iconic cultural landmark where INC delegates will have the opportunity to stay. Centrally located in the historic quarter of Santa Cruz, it sits next to the “Reales Alcázares” and Seville Cathedral.

Special rates have also been arranged for attendees staying in Gran Meliá Colón (5*), in the heart of the charming old town; Meliá Lebreros (4*), located right in front of the city’s main train station (Sevilla-Santa Justa) and with easy access from both the airport and the FIBES center; and Meliá Sevilla (4*), located in the city center very close to Plaza de España.

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INC Congress

PRELIMINARY PROGRAM From May 21-23, 2018, FIBES Conference Center in Sevilla will provide a unique environment for participants to learn, do networking and share knowledge and experiences. All meetings and social events will take place in top-class facilities.

Monday 21

Tuesday 22

Wednesday 23

8:30 AM-9:00 AM Congress Opening

8:30 AM-9:30 AM PISTACHIOS Round Table

8:30 AM -9:30 AM ANNUAL REPORT

9:00 AM-10:00 AM ALMONDS Round Table

9:30 AM -10:15 AM KEYNOTE SPEAKER

9:30 AM -10:30 AM HAZELNUTS Round Table

10:00 AM-10:45 AM KEYNOTE SPEAKER

10:15 AM -11:15 AM WALNUTS Round Table

10:30 AM -11:30 AM MACADAMIAS Round Table

Morning Coffee Sponsored by AHT

Morning Coffee Sponsored by Setton Pistachio of Terra Bella Inc.

Morning Coffee Sponsored by Besana

11:15 AM-11:45 AM DRIED FRUITS (Dried Apricots, Figs, Prunes & Dates) Round Table

11:15 AM -12:00 PM SCIENTIFIC SEMINAR

11:30 AM -12:00 PM DRIED FRUITS (Dried Cranberries, Raisins, Sultanas & Currants) Round Table

11:45 AM-12:30 PM NUTRITION RESEARCH SEMINAR

12:00 PM -1:00 PM CASHEWS Round Table

12:00 PM -12:30 PM PINE NUTS Round Table

10:45 AM-11:15 AM PEANUTS Round Table

12:30 PM-1:00 PM PECANS Round Table 12:00 PM-2:00 PM Buffet Working Lunch Sponsored by Blue Diamond Growers

12:30 PM -1:00 PM BRAZIL NUTS Round Table 12:00 PM -2:00 PM Buffet Working Lunch Sponsored by Incus Technology

Advanced

processing

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12:00 PM -2:00 PM Buffet Working Lunch Sponsored by Sun-Maid Growers of California

nuts

2:15 PM –3:15 PM GLOBAL INTER-BOARD COOPERATION SUMMIT MEETINGS AREA Sponsored by Borges

MEETINGS AREA Sponsored by Borges

MEETINGS AREA Sponsored by Borges

6:00 PM – 8:00 PM WELCOME COCKTAIL Sponsored by Almendras Llopis > Alfonso XIII Hotel

7:00 PM – 10:00 PM BUFFET CASUAL DINNER Sponsored by The Wonderful Company > Plaza de las Américas

6:30 PM -7:30 PM GALA COCKTAIL > Plaza de España

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7:30 PM -11:00 PM GALA DINNER AND BALL Sponsored by the Chilean Walnut Commission > Plaza de España

INC Congress

SPONSORS Enhance your brand, increase your reputation and take advantage of an environment fully oriented to the nuts and dried fruit industry. Take a sponsorship opportunity and ensure your brand is seen by 1000+ world class industry leaders and professionals.

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We thank our sponsors and exhibitors for their ongoing support. www.nutfruitcongress.org November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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INC News

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INC INC News News

INC News THE INC PAVILION PROMOTES NUTS AND DRIED FRUITS AT ANUGA 20 Companies Joined the Pavilion and Showcased their Products and Services at the World’s Largest Food and Hospitality Show

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new edition of Anuga, the world’s largest food and hospitality show, took place from October 7-11 in Cologne (Germany).

With an average of over 160,000 visitors and around 7,000 exhibiting companies, Anuga represents an unparalleled trading hub for the nut and dried fruit industry. For that reason, the INC Pavilion has participated consecutively in the past three editions (2011, 2013 and 2015) of the show.

This was the sixth edition of the Pavilion in Europe: the 320-squaremeter structure was placed at a premium location in the Fine Foods Hall, hosting a total of 20 companies. Exhibitors had the opportunity to showcase their products and services in front of thousands of industry leaders, buyers, traders, importers and exporters.

As in previous editions, not only at Anuga but also at Sial-Paris and GulFood-Dubai, the INC Pavilion was a huge draw for attendees. Thanks to its enviable location, it welcomed a heavy and continuous flow of visitors, making it into a vivid and lively space to do business and network with top industry leaders. The hospitality area played host to a succession of meetings, delegates coming and going and industry representatives dealing with prospective customers. Hundreds of coffees were served at the bar and dozens of meetings took place at the 2 dedicated meeting rooms.

Particularly successful and well-attended was the Welcome Cocktail, held on Sunday October 8 and sponsored by Minerva Commodities, which allowed attendees to interact in a different and relaxed atmosphere.

Moreover, the Pavilion’s internationality is also worth stressing: 14 different countries (Australia, Bulgaria, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Moldova, Netherlands, Romania, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey, UK and USA) were represented among its co-exhibitors. Several languages, cultures and religions coexisted for 5 days, reinforcing the global umbrella which INC represents to the entire nut and dried fruit industry across the globe.

The activity, liveliness and flow of visitors at the INC Pavilion was intense and constant throughout the 5 days of Anuga. However, the Welcome Cocktail stood out as a remarkable moment: sponsored

by Minerva Commodities, the event gathered dozens of attendees who enjoyed a pleasant and relaxed atmosphere accompanied by champagne, canapés and a premium selection of nuts and dried fruits.

The cocktail reception drew significant traffic to the Pavilion, where lots of informal meetings and reunions with old friends and business partners took place.

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INC News The 6th edition of the INC Pavilion in Anuga-Cologne served as a platform for co-exhibitors to launch and promote a wide range of products and services.

The American Peanut Council represents all segments of the US peanut industry: growers, shellers/exporters, brokers, manufacturers and suppliers of goods and services.

Besana’s participation was centered on the main products produced, processed and marketed by the company: nuts, dried fruits, seeds, chocolate and snacks. Besana is the largest nut company in Italy and among the top 3 in Europe.

Besana shared a booth with Noberasco, who, thanks to the expertise achieved in over a century of activity, is an Italian leading company in the dried fruit segment.

Borges promoted its range of products as one of Europe’s main manufacturers and suppliers of all nuts in the bulk and pack channels.

Tunisian dates exporter Boudjebel presented the high quality of dates that has made the company very popular with customers in over 30 countries.

Dogancan, a family company established in 1996 in Malatya, Turkey, exhibited their range of retail packs available for private label soft fruit. Pack formats included Flexcan, Quatro seal and pillow packs.

Germany’s Farmer’s Snack used its presence at Anuga to showcase its individually and gently refined dried fruits and nuts.

“We thank our exhibitors and sponsors for joining us in the world’s largest food and hospitality show”.

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November 2017 | NUTFRUIT Green&Gold MACADAMIAS

Green & Gold Macadamias was presented as the largest single marketer of macadamia nut products in the world, with access to the major growing regions across Australia, South Africa, Malawi and Brazil.

Maestro Nut, one of the largest exporters of walnuts from Eastern Europe, exhibited not only its nearly 25 years of experience, but also a wide range of walnut categories, from light halves to industrial grades and meal.

The INC Pavilion was also host to Importaco, one of the largest companies in Spain dealing with nuts and dried fruits. Importaco’s participation was centered on its processed almonds being supplied to more than 40 countries.

Minerva Commodities used the opportunity of Anuga to highlight its in-depth understanding of the edible nut market. The company is an international edible-nut trading and import organisation based in the United Kingdom.

British company Kenkko, founded over 20 years ago, has established close relationships with numerous reliable growers, processors and packers. Regular visits to origin are carried out in order to gather market information and control the quality of the products at source.

Lidya Walnuts showed its walnuts in-shell purchased directly from farmers in Eastern Europe (and also seasonally from Chile) and mostly sold to European countries, as well as the USA and the Middle East.

Lidya shared a booth space with Tiryaki, a company dedicated to pistachios, almonds and walnuts which operates over 20 factories and warehouses at a global scale and with a yearly turnover of more than $1.5 billion.

The Dutch company Log5 presented its nut pasteurization, sterilization and roasting systems, which achieve unprecedented levels of log reduction.

Madi Ventura, one of the leaders in the Italian market of dried fruit and nuts, offered its full range of high-quality fruit: in-shell, shelled, roasted, salted and dried.

The Nik Sot Group, one of the leading sunflower kernel producers in Bulgaria, with two different production lines, achieved thanks to operation of modern facilities and carefully chosen European machinery, exhibited its premium-quality goods.

Chinese company Qingdao Foodlink was presented at the INC Pavilion as one of China’s most important peanut and seed producing and processing companies. Established in 2000, the company now processes over 25,000 tons of peanuts, sunflower seeds and pumpkin seeds per year.

ShoEi Foods Corporation showcased products and quality ingredients exported from its own factories all over the world, including walnuts, pine nuts, pumpkin seeds, green and dark raisins and goji berries.

When it comes to longstanding experience, Sun-Maid Growers of California offered its wide varieties of raisins and dried fruits. For over 100 years the company has been the largest selling brand of dried fruits, exporting worldwide.

INC News

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INC News

HIGHLIGHTS FROM ANUGA-COLOGNE 2017

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INC News

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INC News

FIRST SEMINAR ON “THE HEALTH BENEFITS OF EDIBLE NUTS AND DRIED FRUITS” The INC Organized the Meeting at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Cologne

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oinciding with Anuga, last Monday October 9 saw the INC organize the first edition of the seminar “The Health Benefits of Edible Nuts and Dried Fruits”, which took place at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Cologne (Germany), only a few meters away from the Köelnmesse where Anuga was taking place.

Along with the high level of interest around the topics addressed, the meeting drew numerous leading retailers, manufacturers and CPG’s in Europe to the event, which provided insight into the benefits of nut and dried fruit consumption, brought together expertise and experience in

the evaluation of potential synergies between INC and the participating companies, and aimed to further stimulate consumption.

INC Chairman Mr. Mark Mariani opened the session with a welcome speech. He emphasized the importance of the nut and dried fruit sector

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and the leading role of manufacturers and supermarkets and introduced the INC Executive Members present: Mr. Antonio Pont (INC Honorary President and Chairman of the seminar), Mr. Michael Waring (INC 1st Vice Chairman), Mr. Pino Calcagni (INC 2nd Vice Chairman), Mr. Giles Hacking, Mr. Ashok Krishen and Mr. Jack Mariani.

Mr. Antonio Pont, chairman of the seminar, thanked all participants and presented the aims of the session: to present the INC initiatives that promote nut and dried fruit consumption worldwide, and to brainstorm ideas about how to build consumer demand.

During his explanation, Mr. Pont presented facts and figures on the importance of nut and dried fruit consumption and their extraordinary health benefits. The increasing worldwide consumption and production of nuts and dried fruits was also highlighted. Another key point addressed was how, considering the current situation, consumption can be further developed.

It was at this point that a debate session was opened to the floor: “How can we create synergies?” was the question posed. Representatives from the retail and manufacturing companies described the convenience of having a single source of information. In the past, the diversity of sources and difficulty in getting reliable information were an impediment to businesses.

The importance of traceability and the growing interest from consumers to know the origin and authenticity of the products were also pointed out during the open discussion, along with the need to disseminate the health benefits of nuts and dried fruits among consumers and to establish sustainability as a priority.

INC News

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INC News

GULFOOD 2018: THE LARGEST INC PAVILION EVER IN THE MIDDLE EAST The New Design, with a Surface of 180 Square Meters, Provides Space for 18 Co-Exhibitors

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rom February 18 to 22, 2018, Dubai will be hosting a new edition of GulFood, the world’s largest annual food event. After the successful experience at GulFood 2017, the Nut and Dried Fruit Pavilion will be present again at the show and, moreover, this time will be featured in a larger format.

Last year, a total of 12 companies showcased their products in a 108-squaremeter pavilion. In the 2018 edition, the facility

printing, refreshment and daily lunch, free wifi connection, storage rooms, preshow planning, assistance in shipping, and multilingual personnel. Additionally, those joining INC’s sponsorship opportunities have a private meeting room at their disposal.

Once again, the hospitality area emerges as a core element within the Pavilion. Past experiences have shown the increasing importance this common space has gained as it is widely used by co-exhibitors to relax,

Welcome Cocktail and Other Available Sponsorship Opportunities The INC Pavilion at GulFood offers several sponsorship opportunities that are still available, such as the “Cocktail Sponsorship”, an excellent chance to promote a brand in front of top business leaders attending such a classic celebration. Other open opportunities are the “Special Sponsorship” (which includes, among other benefits, the opportunity to place corporate brochures and handouts at the Pavilion) and the standard “Pavilion Sponsorship”, which includes the inclusion of the company logo on INC Publications and the Pavilion main-front banner.

will expand its surface to 180 square meters, hence the space for a higher number of booths: up to 18 companies will be able to join the facility, in a premium location, with high visibility and high visitor-traffic.

INC members participating in the pavilion enjoy a full-service package including, among other things, graphic design and

receive customers or simply to have an informal chat with colleagues.

Nearly 100,000 Visitors Launched as a biennial trade fair in 1987, GulFood has grown dramatically to reach more than 120 countries (now annually) embracing 5,000 local, regional and international

exhibitors to showcase those food trends and innovations shaping the future worldwide.

Around 95,000 visitors are estimated to visit its eight food sectors every year including, among others, pulses, grains and cereals, beverages, dairy and world food. The INC Pavilion will be located at Hall 2 - Pulses/Grain & Cereals, which guarantees high visitor-traffic.

“We thank our exhibitors for joining us in the world's biggest annual food & hospitality show”.

INDUFRUT

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INC News

THE NUTS FOR GIFTS TREND IS GROWING!

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he INC’s “Nuts for Gifts” global dissemination plan, aimed at presenting nuts and dried fruits as a top-of-mind gift, has been deployed over the past months and its message is beginning to reach consumers from all over the world.

The initiative’s website (nutsforgifts.org), and in particular its social media profiles, are steadily increasing their number of visitors

and followers and, what is more encouraging, bloggers and influencers in the DIY sector have started to join the trend. Nearly 30 videos have already been posted and classified into the four existing categories of gifts: kids, family & friends, partner and corporate.

Such thriving performance of the initiative is the result of an intensive campaign among

bloggers and influencers from all over the world, who have been contacted by the INC and asked for their collaboration in the dissemination of the trend. Considering the global aim of the INC and particularly of the “Nuts for Gifts” plan, the list of potential collaborators was carefully composed taking into account not only their thematical areas (mainly the Do-It-Yourself world), but especially

considering their geographical areas of influence. In this regard, bloggers from North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania have already joined the trend and started to post their videos online.

Each and every posted video is a bold example of creativity, one of the core inspirational notions of the “Nuts for Gifts” plan. Take the “Sweet chocolate lollipops with nuts and dried fruits”, for example: A gift idea provided by blogger “Mama Bamba” that can be found in the “Kids” category.

Those searching for “Family & friends” gift ideas will also find plenty of them. One of the posted videos shows the creation process of an original “DIY Chalk Board Tray”, by Zathu

Nation. As for “Corporate” gifts, visitors will be able to check out how to create “DIY paper candy boxes” or a “Decorated glass jar with nuts and dried fruits”.

Finally, if you look forward to giving a present to that special person, don’t miss the “Partner” gift section. The “DIY nuts and dried fruits mason jar” proposed by Pily or the “DIY bag for nuts and dried fruits” by Afinka are guarantee of success.

After the “Nuts for Gifts” plan was launched earlier this year, the idea and the philosophy are now growing and the expansion promises to increase, thanks to all these collaborations and to the intensive promotion and advertising carried out by the INC. The plan has been presented, for example, in recent international events such as WorldFood in Moscow, Anuga in Cologne or the IUNS International Congress of Nutrition in Buenos Aires..

Download the ToolBox Kit and Help Spread the Program Along with its main communication channels, “Nuts for Gifts” can also be shared and disseminated through its ToolBox Kit, which INC members can download at the “members area” of the initiative’s website (nutsforgifts. org). The kit includes several materials, such as an advertisement that members can display on their own websites or printed publications, and an email signature banner. By using the ToolBox Kit, INC members will help spread the “Nuts for Gifts” message and therefore reinforce the project.

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INC News

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF NUTRITION Leading nutrition experts shared the latest updates on nuts, dried fruits and health at the IUNS 21st International Congress of Nutrition, held on October 15-20, 2017, in Buenos Aires, Argentina

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his congress is held once every four years and attracts approximately 4,000 attendees from more than 120 countries. INC sponsored the symposium “Nuts and Dried Fruit Consumption and Health: New Insights”, which featured leading nutrition experts Prof. Jordi Salas-Salvadó, chairman of the INC World Forum for Nutrition Research and Dissemination, Dr. Emilio Ros from the University of Barcelona (Spain), Dr. Bahram H. Arjmandi from Florida State University (USA) and Dr. Cyril Kendall from University of Toronto (Canada).

The symposium, chaired by Prof. Jordi Salas-Salvadó, highlighted the latest findings in nut consumption and cognitive function and diabetes control, and dried fruit consumption and osteoporosis.

Guest speaker Dr. Emilio Ros spoke on the relation between nut consumption and cognitive function. He reported on a crosssectional analysis with older participants of the PREDIMED nutrition intervention trial, where nut consumption in the context of a Mediterranean diet was associated with better cognition, particularly memory function. Likewise, the results showed that 30g per day of mixed nuts

(almonds, walnuts and hazelnuts) improved memory and executive function, indicating that regular nut consumption may counteract agerelated cognitive decline.

Dr. Bahram H. Arjmandi opened his presentation “Dried fruit consumption and osteoporosis (bone health)” with an overview of the efficacy of dried plum for preventing and reversing bone loss associated with ovarian hormone deficiency in postmenopausal women and to highlight possible mechanisms of action. The study “Bone-Protective Effects of Dried Plum in Postmenopausal Women: Efficacy and Possible Mechanisms”, published recently in the journal Nutrients, showed that postmenopausal women taking dried plums for one year retained bone mineral density.

Overall, these findings suggest that dried

The presence of the INC in Buenos Aires to participate in the International Congress of Nutrition also served as an opportunity to disseminate the ‘Nuts for Gifts’ plan.

The initiative was promoted by a specific booth where its concept and philosophy were featured on promotional material including brochures and gift samples. The booth caught the attention of hundreds of visitors interested in the booth, the initiative and its aim. The congress represented an outstanding opportunity to reach one of the Nuts for Gifts’ target audiences: Health and Nutrition professionals, due to their awareness of the health benefits of nuts and dried fruits and their capacity to positively influence people’s habits.

plum is a promising functional food therapy for postmenopausal bone loss with the potential for a long-lasting bone-protective effect.

Last but not least, Dr. Cyril Kendall gave an update on the effects of nut consumption on diabetes and cardiometabolic health. He presented the latest findings from cohort and clinical studies, which suggest that nuts, when consumed alone or as part of a healthy dietary pattern, may improve cardiometabolic health, decrease the risk of developing diabetes and improve diabetes control. Recent findings from meta-analyses on nuts and cardiometabolic health were also presented.

Nuts and Dried Fruits Analytical Competence Worldwide Professional sampling at all process steps of the supply chain NEW: Sampling at Black Sea coast (Georgia, Turkey) service@eurofins.de www.eurofins.de

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Mycotoxins • Sensory Analysis • GMO Nutrition Values • Pesticides • Microbiology • Contaminants • and many more...

INC News

THE INC PARTICIPATES FOR THE FIRST TIME IN WORLDFOOD MOSCOW An Individual Booth Presented the Institution and Disseminated the Nuts for Gifts Project

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ast September the INC participated in WorldFood Moscow, the major meeting place for the food and drinks industry in Russia and a vibrant source of products for the East European market. The INC featured a 22.5 sq m individual booth, resembling the concept already exhibited at previous trade shows such as SIAL-Interfood Jakarta 2016.

Attending WorldFood served a double purpose. On the one hand, the objective was to disseminate and promote the INC itself, its mission and projects, its sponsorship opportunities and the benefits of membership. In this regard, the event resulted in a remarkably productive experience, with dozens of leaders and representatives from companies approaching the stand to learn about the institution, request information about membership and, in significant numbers, to show their interest in joining INC. On the other hand, Moscow was one of the chosen destinations to present the ‘Nuts for Gifts’ dissemination program. Brochures and gift samples of the initiative were displayed at the booth in order to provide visual examples of what ‘Nuts for Gifts’ is about.

WorldFood Moscow is the main platform in Russia where food trade professionals, international associations, government ministers and the international press can assess the market, network with existing and new clients, as well as conduct and close deals for the future. WorldFood Moscow annually gathers international food and drink companies from over 62 countries.

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INC News

INC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING

T

he INC Executive Committee met in Dubrovnik, Croatia, on October 7, 2017, to review the Foundation’s financial status and several ongoing INC projects, such as the Annual Communication Plan, Exhibitions, the First Seminar “The Health Benefits of Edible Nuts and Dried Fruits”, the Global Dissemination Projects, the INC website renovation and World Map of Trade Flows. New initiatives for the INC Strategic Plan 2018-2023 were also reviewed.

The results of the Chennai Congress were also reviewed and preparations for next year’s Congress in Seville, Spain, were analyzed.

In addition, the group discussed the preliminary program for Boca Raton, Florida 2019.

Finally, the members of the Executive Committee reviewed and discussed the reports of activities from the different committees and ad-hoc groups: The Statistics Committee, the Scientific and Government Affairs Committee, the INC World Forum for Nutrition Research and Dissemination, the Ambassadors Committee, the Academic Committee, the two ad-hoc working groups (Global Cashew Council and Macadamias Committee) and the Business Integrity Committee.

CHRIS HACKING, IN MEMORIAM We are very sad to report the death of Chris Hacking on August 22, in London.

Co-Founder of the INC, Chris Hacking was vice-chairman from its foundation on January 24, 1986 until 1991. Together with Antonio Pont, Hans Ramseier, Hubert Berrebi, John Degler, Paul Graf, Pino Calcagni and Simon Khayat, the founders envisioned an interdisciplinary and international effort to improve knowledge of tree nuts, to strengthen the sector, and to promote research and consumption.

With amazing foresight, they identified the issues and pictured a direct membership organization - the INC. As a senator since

Family picture. First on the right, Chris Hacking, INC Congress Chairman (London, May 1997).

1993, Hacking also chaired the XI World Tree Nut Congress, held in London in 1997, which attracted more than 520 participants.

66

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

Chris Hacking, second from the left, receiving the Golden Nut Award (May 1997).

In 1956, Christopher Hacking joined T.M. Duché & Sons, coconut oil and desiccated coconut specialists since 1857. Few companies in the UK or the United States can trace their origins as far back as Duché.

Tristan-Mathieu Duché was serving as a member of the French Parliament when, as a result of a coup d’état by Napoleon Bonaparte, he and his family were exiled to England. He founded T.M. Duché & Sons in 1857, entering the international trading of foodstuffs. The company prospered and soon established branches around the world. In the early 1940s, recognizing the tremendous potential of California’s nut crops, Duché acquired a processing plant in Orland and shortly thereafter began to concentrate exclusively on processing, packaging and marketing California almonds and walnuts.

Chris Hacking left The Regent Oil Co. and joined T.M. Duché in 1956. In 1971, Duché & Hacking was formed, from which C.G. Hacking & Sons Limited evolved in 1972.

In 1991, C.G. Hacking & Sons bought a controlling stake in T.M. Duché from the commodity giant S&W Berisford. Today, C.G. Hacking & Sons specializes in the global trade, marketing and European import and distribution of tree nuts - a field in which they have over 100 years combined experience.

Chris Hacking, on the left, receives the plaque of recognition as one of the donors who contributed to the new INC Headquarters (Reus, May 2013).

For his outstanding achievements and contribution to the nut and dried fruit industry, Chris was honored with the Golden Nut Award in 1997, the maximum international recognition of excellence in the sector.

NB: The current business of T.M. Duché Nut Co. in Orland CA is a standalone company, and has no relationship, financial or otherwise, with C.G. Hacking & Sons.

Statistical Review

WORLD CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION TRENDS

Global Statistical Review November 2017

Statistics are also available at our website www.nutfruit.org

Map shows 5 top producing countries. Other major producers listed below.

Main producing countries

Almonds USA Australia Spain Iran Turkey Tunisia

Greece Chile Morocco Italy Syria

Walnuts China USA Iran Turkey Ukraine Chile France

Moldava India Romania Hungary Italy Georgia Australia

Brazil Nuts Bolivia Peru Brazil

Peanuts China India USA Nigeria Indonesia Argentina

Senegal Vietnam Ghana Brazil Nicaragua

Cashews India Cote dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Ivoire Vietnam Guinea¡Bissau Brazil

Tanzania Benin Nigeria Indonesia Cambodia

Dates Saudi Arabia Egypt Iran UAE Pakistan Algeria Iraq

Sudan Oman Tunisia Morocco Libya Israel USA

Hazelnuts Turkey Italy USA Georgia Azerbaijan

Spain France China Iran Chile

Dried Apricots Turkey Iran China USA South Africa Australia

Macadamias South Africa Australia Kenya USA Guatemala Malawi

Brazil China Colombia New Zealand Swaziland

Dried Cranberries USA Canada Chile

Pecans USA Mexico South Africa Australia

Dried Figs Turkey Egypt Iran USA

Greece Spain Italy

Pine Nuts China DPR Korea Pakistan Afghanistan Mongolia

Russia Spain Turkey Portugal Italy

Prunes USA Chile France Argentina

Serbia Australia Italy South Africa

Pistachios USA Iran Turkey Syria Afghanistan

China Greece Italy Australia

Raisins Sultanas Currants USA Turkey Iran China India Chile

Uzbekistan Greece Australia Argentina South Africa

Listed by global production as per FAO but not necessarily meaning quantities going through commercial channels.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

67

Statistical Review

ALMONDS 杏仁

/ ALMENDRA / AMANDE / MANDORLE / MANDEL / BADEM

USA. As reported by the Almond Board of

AUSTRALIA. As per the Almond Board

SPAIN. The Spanish crop is looking

California, overall financial year (FY) 2016/2017 shipments of California almonds were approx.

950,000 metric tons (2.1 billion pounds), the largest shipment year on record, and needed to meet the increasing global demand for almonds.

According to the August 2017 Almond Position Report dated September 12, 2017, California Almonds are looking forward to the FY 17/18 crop to be the largest to date, forecasted at around 1 million MT (2.25 billion pounds). The forecast is based on 1 million bearing acres (404,686 ha). The Almond Board estimates a total FY 17/18 supply at ca.

1,181,000 MT (2.6 billion lbs.) with shipments at approx. 997,900 MT (2.2 billion lbs.), resulting in a forecasted carryout next July of ca. 183,251 MT (404 million lbs.).

of Australia, the Australian 2017/18 crop was at the conclusion of hulling been revised down to 80,800 MT. This is well down on the preharvest estimate of 87,000 MT. The 2017/18 crop was expected to be an above average crop given the excellent buds that were showing during winter, however wet and windy weather during flowering and some subsequent frost damage had some growers reporting they have lowered their expectations and would be happy to achieve average yields.

The latest plantings data (2016) shows the Australian almond orchard area to be 36,000 ha. More trees were planted in 2017 but the additional area will not be accurately known until the annual survey data from growers is collated at the end of the year.

quite promising, harvesting started with the confirmation of a much better crop than that of 2016/17. Raised by 48% from the previous season, it is expected to reach 68,000 MT, that is an increase of 18% over the early forecast of 57,750 MT. Average size is better as well, allowing to supply premium qualities/markets with new crop already. Nevertheless, Spain will continue importing almonds to process and supply EU ingredient almond industry.

Estimated World Almond Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons.

Country USA* (MM lbs)

2016/2017 Beginning Stock

Crop

2017/2018

Total Supply

Ending Stock

Beginning stock

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

412

2,087

2,499

399

399

2,205

2,604

404

186,881

946,647

1,133,528

180,847

180,847

1,000,171

1,181,018

183,251

AUSTRALIA

1,000

80,140

81,140

1,000

1,000

80,800

81,800

1,000

SPAIN

1,000

45,850

46,850

1,000

1,000

68,000

69,000

1,000

IRAN

0

15,000

15,000

0

0

15,000

15,000

0

TUNISIA

0

15,000

15,000

0

0

15,000

15,000

0

TURKEY

0

13,000

13,000

0

0

13,000

13,000

0

CHILE

0

12,000

12,000

0

0

12,000

12,000

0

MOROCCO

0

11,000

11,000

0

0

11,000

11,000

0

ITALY

0

7,500

7,500

0

0

7,500

7,500

0

GREECE

0

7,500

7,500

1,000

1,000

3,500

4,500

0

OTHERS

0

30,000

30,000

0

0

30,000

30,000

0

188,881

1,183,637

1,372,518

183,847

183,847

1,255,971

1,439,818

185,251

USA* (MT)

WORLD TOTAL

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

1,188,671

Source: Almond Board of California, Almond Board of Australia, Greek Nuts & Fruits Trade Association and other INC sources. *USA crop reflects the estimated 2% Loss & Exempt (L&E) for the crop year.

68

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

1,254,567

Statistical Review

AMAZONIA (BRAZIL) NUTS 巴西果 / COQUITO DE BRASIL / NOIX DE VRESIL /

NOCE DE BRASILE / PARANUSS / BREZILYA FINGIGI

There is still no definitive reason why the crop was so much smaller than in previous years. However, it has been confirmed that 2017 exports will be down at least 50%. The massive reduction in supply caused the price of raw material to move up by more than 4 times and increased export prices to over $21/kg. Factories closed up to 6 months early and have sold all their material for the year. Whilst factories would like to start cracking the next crop as soon as possible this will be subject to when the rain comes in November-December. They will also have to wait for people to return from the collection to operate the factories. In all likelihood exports will not be afloat before March 2018.

During this period of high prices demand varied greatly. Brazil who has strong local demand was forced to purchase their material from their neighbors, whilst in the rest of the world buyers reduced their needs by changing mixes and removing lines. What we must hope for next year when supply returns to normal is that demand can also return. The Brazil nut provides income for thousands of families and as a sustainable wildly grown product protects the rainforest from deforestation.

Estimated World Amazonia (Brazil) Nut Production · In-shell Basis · Metric Tons.

Country BOLIVIA PERU BRAZIL WORLD TOTAL

2016/2017 Beginning Stock 4,500 450 300 5,250

Crop

2017/2018

Total Supply

69,000 13,050 1,500 83,550

73,500 13,500 1,800 88,800

Ending Stock 6,720 900 300 7,920

Beginning stock 6,720 900 300 7,920

Crop

Total Supply

24,000 7,500 600 32,100

30,720 8,400 900 40,020

80,880

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Ending Stock 0 0 0 0

40,020

Kernel Basis · Metric Tons.

Country BOLIVIA PERU BRAZIL WORLD TOTAL

2016/2017 Beginning Stock 1,500 150 100 1,750

Crop 23,000 4,350 500 27,850

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

2017/2018

Total Supply 24,500 4,500 600 29,600

Ending Stock 2,240 300 100 2,640

26,960

Beginning stock 2,240 300 100 2,640

Crop 8,000 2,500 200 10,700

Total Supply

Ending Stock

10,240 2,800 300 13,340

0 0 0 0

13,340

Source: INC.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

69

Statistical Review

CASHEWS 腰果 / ANACARDO / NOIX DE CAJU / ANACARDIO /

CASHWKERNE / CASHEW CEVIZI

As reported by the Cashew Export Promotion Council of India (CEPCI) the 2016 India cashew crop was updated to 159,600 metric tons, slightly above the previous estimate of 155,900 MT. Estimated at 185,600 MT, the crop for the 2017/2018 season was increased by 5% from the prior figure of 176,700 MT and by 16% from the prior season.

As per the Directorate of Cashew nut and Cocoa Development (DCCD) statistics, production of raw cashew nut was estimated at 779,335 MT for the 2017/18 season (April-May 2017).

The total area under cashew cultivation in India is about 1,035,490 ha. The major raw cashew nut producing states in India are Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Goa; the major processing centers are Kollam in Kerala, Mangalore and Udupi in Karnataka, K.K. Dist and Panruti in Tamil Nadu.

In Côte d’Ivoire and Vietnam 2017/18 cashew season started in with an expectation of net shortage over 2016/17 crop due to bad weather in Vietnam and anticipated shortage in Côte d’Ivoire. However, with the Northern hemisphere crops completed, it appeared that the Vietnamese crop shortfall was compensated by better crops in other parts of the world and acreage increase in Côte d’Ivoire helped improving the crop.

Besides, as per the Vietnam Cashew Association (VINACAS), the 2017/18 crop was revised at 71,430 MT, up by 23% from the 58,100 MT early estimate. Cambodia crop was also increased to 22,500 MT, up by 38% compared to the prior forecast.

The perceived shortfall at the beginning of the season resulted in processors and traders paying high prices for raw cashew nuts from farmers to secure supply. This has directly benefited the farmers and it will hopefully trigger acreage expansion, and will help the cashew industry in the coming years. In the short run, the high prices paid for raw cashews coupled with the season ending with no actual crop shortfall.

So far, global cashew kernel demand has been steady and retail shelf prices in EU or US have not fully priced in the price increase on raw material.

East Africa crops are also expected to be good, although is very early in the season and developments should be monitored.

For the 2017/18 Brazilian cashew season, the rains (from January to June) were better along the coast (where the larger part of production occurs) but continued extremely low in the interior. Thus, a better crop is expected for 2017/18, though by no means up to the levels of a decade ago. At the time of writing this report, the 2017/18 crop was just starting, but an early forecast equivalent of 180,000 MT in-shell was foreseen. The 2016/17 season, with a production figure equivalent of 112,000 MT in-shell, was the worst year on record as a result of the continuing drought.

Estimated World Cashew Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons.

Country

2016/2017 Beginning Stock

Crop

2017/2018

Total Supply

Ending Stock

Beginning stock

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

INDIA

nil

159,600

159,600

nil

nil

185,600

185,600

nil

COTE D'IVOIRE

nil

167,500

167,500

nil

nil

162,800

162,800

nil

VIETNAM

nil

93,000

93,000

nil

nil

71,430

71,430

nil

GUINEA-BISSAU

nil

58,200

58,200

nil

nil

60,500

60,500

nil

TANZANIA

nil

54,000

54,000

nil

nil

55,800

55,800

nil

NIGERIA

nil

39,600

39,600

nil

nil

44,200

44,200

nil

BRAZIL

nil

23,300

23,300

nil

nil

37,500

37,500

nil

INDONESIA

nil

27,600

27,600

nil

nil

30,200

30,200

nil

MOZAMBIQUE

nil

24,400

24,400

nil

nil

26,800

26,800

nil

BENIN

nil

24,000

24,000

nil

nil

25,600

25,600

nil

CAMBODIA

nil

19,400

19,400

nil

nil

22,500

22,500

nil

BURKINA FASO

nil

17,700

17,700

nil

nil

20,000

20,000

nil

GHANA

nil

16,500

16,500

nil

nil

18,800

18,800

nil

SENEGAL

nil

10,000

10,000

nil

nil

10,500

10,500

nil

GAMBIA

nil

5,900

5,900

nil

nil

6,300

6,300

nil

KENYA

nil

2,200

2,200

nil

nil

2,200

2,200

nil

OTHERS

nil

8,100

8,100

nil

nil

8,100

8,100

nil

WORLD TOTAL

nil

751,000

751,000

nil

nil

788,830

788,830

nil

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) Source: Global Cashew Council and INC.

70

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

751,000

788,830

Statistical Review

HAZELNUTS

榛子 / AVELLANA / NOISETTE / NOCCIOLA / HASELNUSS / FINDIK

TURKEY. 2017/2018 season in Turkey has kicked-off with some changes. After many years of weaker than expected crop, Turkish market welcomed an ample crop despite cold winter, late spring, strong winds and risks of white mildew disease.

The Turkish Grain Board (TMO) continued its intervention price of 10 TL/kg (approx. 3 USD/ kg) in-shell. Although this price seems about 10% higher than market averages, due to TMO’s strict procurement procedures and limited number of warehouses, flow to TMO seems to be limited. By the end of the season, TMO may end up accumulating 50,000-75,000 MT in-shell, which could put some pressure on the market in the following months, due to stronger export performance and healthy domestic consumption. However compared to the previous seasons, consignee activity is insignificant, growers prefer to sell rather than to take chances. This strong flow of goods do find answer in the market as well.

After many years of high prices, industry appreciated these affordable levels, where it results in strong trading activity.

During harvest period, the Eastern Blacksea Region was challenged with continious rains, which delayed drying activity and threatened good storage conditions, which may impact quality in the mid term.

ITALY. Harvesting in Italy started in August with the crop forecasted to amount to 90,000 MT inshell. As previously reported, Italy expects a smaller 2017/18 crop, partially due to an early frost followed by a very hot and extremely dry summer in Viterbo and limited insect damage in Piedmont producing regions. Good weather conditions favored quality in the Naples area.

GEORGIA. As reported by the Hazelnut Processors and Exporters Association of Georgia, the hazelnut crop in West Georgia (Shmegrelo, Guria and Imereti) is facing 2 big problems: crop diseases (fungal and bacterial) and stink bug plague, that produce important losses to the crop, whilst in the rest of the country crop conditions were good.

The Ministry of Agriculture of Georgia has started

Estimated World Hazelnut Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons.

2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

Crop

TURKEY 135,000 500,000 ITALY 15,000 130,000 GEORGIA 1,000 60,000 AZERBAIJAN 1,000 50,000 USA 0 39,000 CHILE 0 20,000 SPAIN 300 20,000 IRAN 500 10,000 CHINA 0 5,500 FRANCE 0 10,000 OTHERS 0 15,000 WORLD TOTAL 152,800 859,500 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Total Supply

Ending Stock

635,000 145,000 61,000 51,000 39,000 20,000 20,300 10,500 5,500 10,000 15,000 1,012,300

80,000 15,000 1,000 500 3,500 0 1,000 500 0 0 0 101,500

applying phytosanitary treatments in all West Georgia; 80,000 hectares have already been sprayed and the Government keeps promoting treatment among farmers to prevent this plague to spread to other producing regions. Regarding fungus and bacteria, the Association is conducting laboratory research and along with the Ministry of Agriculture giving treatment recommendation to farmers.

USA. Due to the extremely wet and chilly winter, the Oregon crop estimate came in at 32,660 in-shell MT, down by 16% from 2016/17.

Oregon continues to invest in new plantings; total acreage is up 47% since 2015. Older acres affected by the blight continue to be replaced or pruned heavily, which is influencing the crop size.

There are currently over 27,000 ha of hazelnuts planted, from which 56% are harvestable.

Overall demand in the USA has seen a decline, but with a more stable and lower price level, demand is expected to pick up with the 2017 campaign.

2017/2018

Beginning stock 80,000 15,000 1,000 500 3,500 0 1,000 500 0 0 0 101,500

Crop

Total Supply

720,000 90,000 70,000 40,000 32,660 23,000 19,000 12,000 6,000 4,500 25,000 1,042,160

800,000 105,000 71,000 40,500 36,160 23,000 20,000 12,500 6,000 4,500 25,000 1,143,660

910,800

Ending Stock 100,000 0 10,000 0 0 0 1,000 0 0 0 0 111,000

1,032,660

Kernel Basis· Metric Tons.

Country TURKEY ITALY GEORGIA AZERBAIJAN USA CHILE SPAIN IRAN CHINA FRANCE OTHERS WORLD TOTAL

2016/2017 Beginning Stock 67,500 6,750 500 500 0 0 144 225 0 0 0 75,619

Crop

Total Supply

250,000 58,500 19,000 20,000 15,120 9,000 8,640 4,500 2,500 4,800 6,000 398,060

317,500 65,250 19,500 20,500 15,120 9,000 8,784 4,725 2,500 4,800 6,000 473,679

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

2017/2018 Ending Stock 40,000 7,000 320 200 1,365 0 430 225 0 0 0 49,540

Beginning stock 40,000 7,000 320 200 1,365 0 430 225 0 0 0 49,540

Crop

Total Supply

360,000 42,300 26,600 17,200 14,044 10,120 8,500 5,500 2,700 2,025 9,000 497,989

400,000 49,300 26,920 17,400 15,409 10,120 8,930 5,725 2,700 2,025 9,000 547,529

424,139

Ending Stock 50,000 0 3,800 0 0 0 450 0 0 0 0 54,250

493,279

Source: Hazelnut Processors and Exporters Association of Georgia, China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs and other INC sources.

In the Southern hemisphere hazelnuts are harvested from March through April.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

71

Statistical Review

MACADAMIAS

夏威夷果 / MACADAMIA / MACADAMIANUSS / MAKEDEMIA / CEVIZI

AUSTRALIA. Severe weather has impacted the 2017 Australian macadamia crop, with the crop forecast now revised to 44,000 metric tons in shell (3.5% moisture content), as reported by the Australian Macadamia Society.

Rain and flooding from Cyclone Debbie in March and record rainfall in the Northern Rivers in June disrupted harvesting and caused crop loss in affected areas. The 2017 crop is predicted to be around 10% lower than the revised forecast of 48,600 MT (3.5% moisture content) following Cyclone Debbie.

Australian macadamia growers had laid the groundwork for their third consecutive record crop, but unfortunately these extreme weather events and challenging harvest conditions have played havoc with those plans. The Australian macadamia crop has been growing steadily since 2014, driven largely by sustained investment into productivity improvements in orchards. However, like all horticulture industries, the Australian macadamia

industry is susceptible to these kind of adverse weather events.

Flowering is now well underway and the health of Australian macadamia trees and orchards is good leading in to the next season because growers are adopting new industry-wide productivity initiatives like Integrated Orchard Management and Integrated Orchard Nutrition, which lead to better soil and tree health and higher yields.

SOUTH AFRICA. According to the Southern African Macadamia Growers’ Association, the 2017 season proved to be a slightly better season for the South African macadamia industry than some role players expected at the start of the season. The industry is however still suffering from the effects of a severe drought and the 2017 crop will be lower than initial long-term projections. Although the drought has not yet been broken, conditions have improved and the industry is hopeful of a better

season in 2018 to supply the high demand on the international market for South African macadamias.

More macadamias were exported as in-shell this year than in 2016 (approximately 50% in 2017 compared to 36% in 2016) due to high demand from China. Record prices were also seen in the traditional kernel markets as a result of less macadamias channelled into these markets.

The quality and sizing of macadamias were generally good in the current season. Some larger buyers have become more stringent in terms of food safety and quality requirements, which holds a long-term benefit to the macadamia industry as a whole and growers are quickly moving towards best-practice recommendations. Pruning practices have evolved rapidly, which in turn benefitted quality as integrated pest management practices become more effective. Although it is too early to make predictions, the flowering appears promising for a decent 2018 season.

Estimated World Macadamia Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons.

Country AUSTRALIA SOUTH AFRICA KENYA USA CHINA GUATEMALA MALAWI BRAZIL COLOMBIA NEW ZEALAND SWAZILAND OTHERS WORLD TOTAL

2016 Beginning Stock 0 3,831 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,831

2017

Crop

Total Supply

48,600 38,000 27,500 16,800 9,400 9,050 5,452 5,596 1,000 600 110 16,398 178,506

48,600 41,831 27,500 16,800 9,400 9,050 5,452 5,596 1,000 600 110 16,398 182,337

Ending Stock 0 1,880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,880

Beginning stock 0 1,880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,880

Crop

Total Supply

44,000 42,000 32,000 17,900 10,000 10,250 6,463 4,500 1,000 229 110 19,946 188,398

44,000 43,880 32,000 17,900 10,000 10,250 6,463 4,500 1,000 229 110 19,946 190,278

180,457

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Ending Stock n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0

190,278

Kernel Basis · Metric Tons.

Country AUSTRALIA SOUTH AFRICA KENYA USA CHINA GUATEMALA MALAWI BRAZIL COLOMBIA NEW ZEALAND SWAZILAND OTHERS WORLD TOTAL

2016 Beginning Stock 0 1,073 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,073

Crop 15,600 10,640 7,372 4,300 2,632 1,800 1,443 1,500 250 150 26 4,100 49,813

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

2017

Total Supply 15,600 11,713 7,372 4,300 2,632 1,800 1,443 1,500 250 150 26 4,100 50,886

Ending Stock 0 526 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 526

50,360

Beginning stock 0 526 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 526

Crop 14,080 11,760 7,040 4,700 2,800 2,200 1,783 1,150 250 57 26 4,987 50,833

Total Supply 14,080 12,286 7,040 4,700 2,800 2,200 1,783 1,150 250 57 26 4,987 51,359

Ending Stock n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0

51,359

Source: Australian Macadamia Society, Southern African Macadamia Growers Association, China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs, Tree Nut Growers Association of Malawi and other INC sources.

72

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

Statistical Review

PECANS

/ PECANA / NOIX DE PÉCAN / NOCE PECAN / PECANUSS / PEKAN CEVIZI

USA. The pecan nut set looked strong

SOUTH AFRICA. The 2017/18 crop

across the USA as of September. By midSeptember, two major hurricanes hit the pecan growing areas in Texas and Georgia.

Early reports are that Texas lost as much as 1,360-2,270 MT (3-5 million pounds).

Georgia was hit very hard by Hurricane Irma and early estimates are that 11,340-15,880 MT (25-35 million pounds) were lost due to the very strong winds. The remainder of the US pecan belt appears to have a slightly stronger crop than the 2016/17 crop.

was risen by 4% to 14,400 MT (in-shell) from the original forecast.

After the poor drought-affected crops of 2015 and 2016, South Africa’s 2017 crop has shown some positive growth to levels more in line with the long-term production forecasts.

However, it is reported that approx. 15-20% of young trees could have been lost in the drought.

Nevertheless, as new plantings continue, the crop is expected to keep growing into the future. Currently, of an estimated 22,500 ha planted only 7,500 ha are in production.

MEXICO. 2017/18 Mexico crop was forecasted at 113,000 MT (in-shell), down by 20% from the prior season and by 14% from the early forecast of 131,000 MT.

The Australian pecan production is expected to expand steadily as young tress come into bearing with the crop likely to increase to 4,500 MT by 2022. Besides, new plantings are continuing on a modest scale supporting the ongoing growth in production over the next 20 years.

As young pecan trees are coming into bearing and new plantings keep expanding in the Southern hemisphere growing areas (i.e. South Africa and Australia), global pecan production is very likely to significantly increase in the years to come.

AUSTRALIA. Presently, the Australia pecan planted area is around 1,800 ha, of which around 1,300 ha are bearing, producing a crop of 3,000 MT in 2017.

Estimated World Pecan Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons.

Country USA MEXICO SOUTH AFRICA AUSTRALIA OTHERS WORLD TOTAL

2016/2017 Beginning Stock

2017/2018

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

58,533

119,160

177,693

68,000

4,535

140,796

145,331

0

10,080

200

Beginning stock

Crop

Total Supply

68,000

138,350

206,350

68,000

4,500

4,500

113,000

117,500

3,500

10,080

0

0

14,400

14,400

0

2,550

2,750

200

200

3,000

3,200

200

0

1,000

1,000

0

0

500

500

0

63,268

273,586

336,854

72,700

72,700

269,250

341,950

71,700

264,154

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Ending Stock

270,250

Kernel Basis · Metric Tons.

Country USA MEXICO SOUTH AFRICA AUSTRALIA OTHERS WORLD TOTAL

2016/2017 Beginning Stock

Crop

2017/2018

Total Supply

Ending Stock

Beginning stock

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

25,755

52,430

78,185

29,920

29,920

60,874

90,794

29,920

2,268

70,398

72,666

2,250

2,250

56,500

58,750

1,750

0

5,040

5,040

0

0

7,200

7,200

0

100

1,275

1,375

100

100

1,500

1,600

100

0

500

500

0

0

250

250

0

28,123

129,643

157,766

32,270

32,270

126,324

158,594

31,770

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

125,496

126,824

Source: INC.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

73

Statistical Review

PINE NUTS 松子

/ PIÑÓN / PIGNON / PINOLI / PINIENKERNE / ÇAM FISTIGI

FAR EAST. 2016/2017 was a big production season in the Far East region. Therefore, 2017/18 is expected to be a relatively smaller production year. The crop is forecasted at 15,000 MT (kernel basis), reduced by around 38% compared to the prior season.

As per the China Chamber of Commerce for Import & Export of Foodstuffs, an average 2017/18 harvest for the Chinese red pine kernels is foreseen. The crop is expected to be around 4,000 MT (kernel basis).

On the other hand, due to the low domestic purchase price of Japanese stone pine, Yunnan pine and Chinese pine, which cannot cover the harvest cost, there will be no harvest for those varieties at all.

The crop was forecasted at 2,000 MT (kernel basis) of red pine kernels in Russia and in North Korea, and 1,000 MT in Mongolia. In summary, without considering the 3,000 MT of kernels for domestic consumption in China, total exports available in the Far East region should be around 12,000 MT in 2017. There will be a relative balance for supply and demand.

MEDITERRANEAN. Overall crop in the Mediterranean area is expected to be raised by 11%. The Italian crop was increased by 50% over 2016/17, whereas Turkey’s early 2017/18 estimate of 1,100 MT was revised down to 700 MT by the Aegean Exporters Association, yet an increase of 8% from the prior season is forecasted.

Estimated World Pine Nut Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

2017/2018

Beginning stock

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

FAR EAST CHINA AFGHANISTAN PAKISTAN RUSSIA NORTH KOREA MONGOLIA SUBTOTAL

10,600 200 200 200 800 0 12,000

12,000 6,000 6,000 14,000 18,000 28,000 84,000

22,600 6,200 6,200 14,200 18,800 28,000 96,000

28,000 200 200 240 600 0 29,240

28,000 200 200 240 600 0 29,240

16,000 6,000 6,000 8,000 8,000 4,000 48,000

44,000 6,200 6,200 8,240 8,600 4,000 77,240

2,000 200 200 1,200 1,000 0 4,600

400 400 400 1,800 0 3,000 15,000

2,400 2,600 1,200 800 400 7,400 91,400

2,800 3,000 1,600 2,600 400 10,400 106,400

400 400 400 1,200 0 2,400 31,640

400 400 400 1,200 0 2,400 31,640

3,600 2,800 1,000 400 400 8,200 56,200

4,000 3,200 1,400 1,600 400 10,600 87,840

200 400 200 320 0 1,120 5,720

MEDITERRANEAN (Pinus pinea) ITALY TURKEY PORTUGAL SPAIN OTHERS SUBTOTAL WORLD TOTAL

74,760

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

82,120

Kernel Basis · Metric Tons.

Country

2016/2017 Beginning Stock

Crop

2017/2018

Total Supply

Ending Stock

Beginning stock

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

FAR EAST CHINA AFGHANISTAN PAKISTAN RUSSIA NORTH KOREA MONGOLIA SUBTOTAL

2,650 100 100 50 200 0 3,100

3,000 3,000 3,000 3,500 4,500 7,000 24,000

5,650 3,100 3,100 3,550 4,700 7,000 27,100

7,000 100 100 60 150 0 7,410

7,000 100 100 60 150 0 7,410

4,000 3,000 3,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 15,000

11,000 3,100 3,100 2,060 2,150 1,000 22,410

500 100 100 300 250 0 1,250

100 100 100 450 0 750 3,850

600 650 300 200 100 1,850 25,850

700 750 400 650 100 2,600 29,700

100 100 100 300 0 600 8,010

100 100 100 300 0 600 8,010

900 700 250 100 100 2,050 17,050

1,000 800 350 400 100 2,650 25,060

50 100 50 80 n/a 280 1,530

MEDITERRANEAN (Pinus pinea) ITALY TURKEY PORTUGAL SPAIN OTHERS SUBTOTAL WORLD TOTAL

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

21,690

Source: China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs, Aegean Exporters Association and other INC sources.

74

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

23,530

Statistical Review

PISTACHIOS

心果 / PISTACHO / PISTACHE / PISTACCHIO / PISTAZIE / ANTEP FISTIGI

USA. For the 2017/2018 season, world pistachio production is expected to decrease around 100,000 metric tons from the previous year, which in part is due to USA experiencing an off year. US crop is forecasted at 272,000 MT, down 34% compared to the prior season.

However, California pistachio crop is back on a consistent growth trajectory after overcoming the drought. Acreage continues to grow 5-7% a year, which will translate to average growth in the resulting volume in the coming years. Total bearing acres for USA is 239,000 (96,720 ha) as of 2016.

Current main challenges in California for pistachio growers are increasing production costs, essentially from increasing labor costs and farm practice restrictions. Water

availability is also a challenge, although CA had a great start to the year with a wet winter.

For the California industry, crop year 2016/17 sales are estimated to be over 270,000 MT (600 million pounds). That represents a substantial increase, over double from the previous year. Drivers for that were decreasing price levels, along with a larger crop. Pistachio demand increased in response to these attractive prices, indicating that pistachio consumers are responsive to a slightly lower price and increased promotion.

IRAN. The Iran Pistachio Association's (IPA) pre-harvest estimate for the 2017/18 crop year was estimated at 237,000 MT inshell basis. The production figures provided by

IPA are an estimate which has been derived by a data sampling method that gathers and assimilates data reported by various indicator pistachio processors and growers located in the major pistachio producing regions of the country. Total Iran’s bearing surface is estimated at 300,000 ha.

On top of this, Iran produces, on an annual basis, a certain unknown volume of pistachio nuts, which are consumed domestically as fresh product.

IPA estimates that around 80% of Iran’s annual production figure is used for export.

This means that, according to IPA’s estimate, around 188,000 MT of Iranian pistachios (in-shell) will be available for export during the current marketing crop-year.

Estimated World Pistachio Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons.

Country

2016/2017 Beginning Stock

2017/2018

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

Beginning stock

Crop

Total Supply

Ending Stock

USA

46,528

409,429

455,957

96,145

96,145

272,109

368,254

52,154

IRAN

17,000

153,000

170,000

2,000

2,000

235,000

237,000

n/a

TURKEY

40,000

135,000

175,000

50,000

50,000

55,000

105,000

30,000

SYRIA

0

20,000

20,000

0

0

17,000

17,000

n/a

AFGHANISTAN

0

5,000

5,000

0

0

10,000

10,000

n/a

GREECE

0

4,000

4,000

500

500

4,000

4,500

n/a

ITALY

0

2,500

2,500

0

0

2,250

2,250

n/a

AUSTRALIA

0

2,000

2,000

0

0

1,550

1,550

0

CHINA

210

4,200

4,410

0

0

1,200

1,200

0

TOTAL

103,738

735,129

838,867

148,645

148,645

598,109

746,754

82,154

CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

690,222

664,600

Source: Iran Pistachio Association, Greek Nuts & Fruits Trade Association, Australian Pistachio Growers Association, China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs and other INC sources.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

75

Statistical Review

WALNUTS 核桃

/ NUEZ / NOIX / NOCE / WALNUSS / CEVIZ

CHINA. At the last China International Tree Nut Conference, the subjective walnut 2017/18 crop estimate was set by the Walnut Representing Group at 880,000 MT, marginally below the prior season. As the harvest went on, the industry expected 840,000 MT, 4% less than the early forecast and 7% less than the previous season.

A crop short of 30% was reported from Yunnan, due to spring frost and also 20% off in Shanxi due to long drought early in the season, resulting in fruit falling off the old trees mainly grown in the hills and mountains. In contrast, in these growing regions as well as in Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu and Henan, young trees in the flat areas, with a good irrigation system, are increasing.

In Xinjiang, the top walnut and dried fruit origin, harvest was expected to be raised by 20%, sharing over 30% of the total walnut crop in China.

In view of larger than normal carry in and slow consumption from the beverage industry, a stable market is expected for this season.

USA. On September 6, 2017, the USDA NASS California Field Office released the 2017 Objective Measurement for walnuts, estimating a crop of 589,670 MT, down 5% from 2016's production of 622,329 MT. Although final inventory is pending, carryout is estimated at 58,833 MT, for a total supply of 648,503 MT. Bearing acreage has continued to rise, reaching 135,570 ha (335,000 acres), up 6% from 127,476 ha (315,000 acres) in 2016 with average trees per hectare also rising to ca. 185 (74 trees/acre).

The 2017/18 walnut season began with adequate chilling hours and record amounts of rain during the winter and spring months.

While the U.S. market remains the industry’s largest, accounting for 31% of

shipments, export demand continues to drive consumption with 69% of 2016 shipments bound for international markets. Germany is the largest export market followed by Turkey, China, Japan and Spain. Global demand for California walnuts remains strong due to solid marketing programs, handler efforts and growing consumer awareness of walnuts health and versatility attributes.

CHILE. Conditions towards next crop (harvesting March 2018) were so far very good: there were precipitations above prior years’ average during the winter; the snow pack in the Andes was abundant and weather conditions were looking very normal at the beginning of spring. Therefore, crop is expected to be normal or better than prior season in volume and quality terms.

Estimated World Walnut Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons.

Country

Beginning Stock

CHINA 40,000 USA 65,669 CHILE 3,000 UKRAINE 5,000 IRAN 0 FRANCE 0 MOLDOVA 0 ROMANIA 0 INDIA 0 TURKEY 3,000 ITALY 0 AUSTRALIA 0 HUNGARY 0 GEORGIA 0 OTHERS 0 WORLD TOTAL 116,669 CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

2016/2017 Crop Total Supply 900,000 622,328 90,000 80,000 90,000 36,000 34,000 30,000 36,000 20,000 15,000 6,500 11,000 5,500 30,000 2,006,328

940,000 687,997 93,000 85,000 90,000 36,000 34,000 30,000 36,000 23,000 15,000 6,500 11,000 5,500 30,000 2,122,997

Ending Stock

Beginning stock

40,000 58,833 2,000 2,000 0 2,000 0 0 0 3,000 0 0 0 0 0 107,833 2,015,164

40,000 58,833 2,000 2,000 0 2,000 0 0 0 3,000 0 0 0 0 0 107,833

Ending Stock 17,600 25,887 1,000 680 0 880 0 0 0 1,320 0 0 0 0 0 47,367 876,123

Beginning stock 17,600 25,887 1,000 680 0 880 0 0 0 1,320 0 0 0 0 0 47,367

2017/2018 Crop Total Supply 840,000 589,670 105,000 132,250 95,000 35,000 41,400 34,500 35,000 26,500 18,000 10,500 12,650 6,325 30,000 2,011,795

880,000 648,503 107,000 134,250 95,000 37,000 41,400 34,500 35,000 29,500 18,000 10,500 12,650 6,325 30,000 2,119,628

Ending Stock 40,000 65,000 1,200 5,000 0 2,000 0 0 5,000 0 0 200 0 0 0 118,400 2,001,228

Kernel Basis · Metric Tons.

Country

Beginning Stock CHINA 17,600 USA 28,894 CHILE 1,500 UKRAINE 1,667 IRAN 0 FRANCE 0 MOLDOVA 0 ROMANIA 0 INDIA 0 TURKEY 1,304 ITALY 0 AUSTRALIA 0 HUNGARY 0 GEORGIA 0 OTHERS 0 WORLD TOTAL 50,965 CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

2016/2017 Crop Total Supply 396,000 413,600 273,824 302,719 45,000 46,500 27,000 28,667 39,600 39,600 16,000 16,000 12,000 12,000 10,500 10,500 16,000 16,000 8,800 10,104 7,000 7,000 2,900 2,900 3,900 3,900 2,000 2,000 12,000 12,000 872,524 923,490

2017/2018 Crop Total Supply 369,000 386,600 258,865 284,752 52,500 53,500 51,750 52,430 38,000 38,000 17,500 18,380 14,950 14,950 12,075 12,075 12,000 12,000 11,660 12,980 9,000 9,000 5,250 5,250 4,485 4,485 2,300 2,300 12,000 12,000 871,335 918,702

Ending Stock 17,600 28,535 600 1,950 0 1,000 0 0 1,700 0 0 100 0 0 0 51,485 867,217

Source: China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs, California Walnut Board and Commission, ChileNut, Ukrainian Walnut Association and other INC sources. In the Southern hemisphere walnuts are harvested from March through April.

76

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

Statistical Review

PEANUTS

花生 / CACAHUETE / CACAHUÈTE / ARACHIDE / ERDNUSS / YER FISTIGI

CHINA. China is expected to reach a record

INDIA. As per USDA, 2018/19 will be a

ARGENTINA. The Argentinian crop

of 18.5 million metric tons, 6% higher than the prior year. Apart from the drought in parts of Jilin province during the growth period, most of the Chinese growing areas were well.

The acreage of peanuts in China has raised this year. In particular, in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Jiangsu, Jilin and other provinces that are anticipated to increase by 10% to 5.13 million ha.

Domestic demand for peanuts has also grown. With moderate prices of origin, Chinese peanut exports are expected to expand this year as well. On the demand side, oil consumption in China remains bullish.

reasonably good crop in India, unless last minute rains spoil the harvest season. India will be ready to export good volumes to destinations like Far East, Russia and Algeria, and it will probably compete with Brazil to be the cheapest origin on raw peanuts.

2017/18 faced serious weather issues during harvest. The southern regions of Cordoba in particular were severely impacted by floods.

However, prices did not react adversely due to lack of sustained buying by main markets. It will be interesting to see how prices will fare particularly since on one side, land rentals in Argentina continue to increase and on the other side the US crop is expected to turn out big.

USA. The United States is reporting a significant increase in crop 2017/18.

Production numbers are estimated 37% higher in comparison to 2016/17. Both acreage and yield increase have contributed to this growth. Most indications for the peanut crop are looking good to excellent.

Estimated World Peanut Production. In-shell Basis · 1000 Metric Tons.

2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

CHINA INDIA USA NIGERIA ARGENTINA INDONESIA SENEGAL VIETNAM BRAZIL GHANA NICARAGUA MEXICO SOUTH AFRICA COTE D'IVOIRE OTHERS WORLD TOTAL

Crop

843 299 812 n/a 283 80 23 52 69 n/a 14 28 4 n/a 98 2,605

Total Supply

17,366 6,920 2,579 3,000 1,140 1,125 1,000 490 461 440 200 105 55 90 8,200 43,171

Ending Stock

18,209 7,219 3,391 3,000 1,423 1,205 1,023 542 530 440 214 133 59 90 8,298 45,776

2017/2018

Beginning stock

868 769 654 n/a 223 80 35 50 102 n/a 20 23 1 n/a 120 2,945

Crop

868 769 654 n/a 223 80 35 50 102 n/a 20 23 1 n/a 120 2,945

Total Supply

18,500 5,500 3,530 3,000 1,160 1,130 1,000 490 457 440 200 110 100 90 7,000 42,707

Ending Stock

19,368 6,269 4,184 3,000 1,383 1,210 1,035 540 559 440 220 133 101 90 7,120 45,652

27 219 1,219 0 178 85 47 48 104 0 26 23 23 0 0 1,999

42,831

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

43,653

Source: China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs and other INC sources.

US Peanut Supply and Disappearance. 1000 Metric Tons Year Beg. Aug. 1 2015/16* 2016/17** 2017/18**

Beg Stocks 945 806 649

Supply Production 2,700 2,558 3,501

Imports 42 73 34

Total 3,688 3,437 4,184

Domestic Food 1,374 1,391 1,441

Crush 319 396 438

Disappearance Seed & Residual Exports 495 695 404 597 421 675

Total 2,883 2,788 2,975

Ending Stock 806 649 1,210

4,184 3,577 2,582

2,848 2,388

2,673

2,715

3,688 3,190

3,237

3,437

3,501

2,700

2,463

2,558

2,354 3,068

1,571

1,666

2,341

1,675

1,886

1,893

1,660

Total Supply 2006/07 2007/08

2008/09

2009/10

2010/11

2011/12

2012/13

2013/14

2014/15*

2015/16*

Production 2016/17** 2017/18**

*Estimated. **Forecast. Source: USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Crop Production and Peanut Stocks and Processing,and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Statistics.

Last update: September 13, 2017.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

77

Statistical Review

DATES / DÁTIL / DATTE / DATTERO / DATTEL / HURMA The average overall yield per ha is estimated at about 6-7 MT and the average yield per palm at approximately 50 Kg. But there is a great heterogeneity of palm groves in the different producing countries. In some areas, the dates do not reach complete maturity, the fruit weighs heavily and the yield is very high. This is the case of the Gabes region in Tunisia, the Nile Delta in Egypt, etc. In other areas, the date palm is associated with other crops as in the former oases of North Africa, the Nile Valley etc.

However, there are also modern monoculture plantations in the majority of producing countries.

World production of raw dates remains stable at between 7 and 8 million metric tons despite a slight decrease due to political instability in some producing countries that is offset by an increase in date palm plantations in countries such as Saudi Arabia or Algeria. About 88% of raw date production is self-consumed in the producing countries. As for the remaining 12%, known as “table dates”, half is exported and the other half is consumed in the countries of origin.

Estimated World Table Date Production. Metric Tons.

2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

Production

SAUDI ARABIA 17,000 200,000 IRAN 4,500 150,000 UAE 8,500 120,000 TUNISIA 6,500 100,000 EGYPT 2,000 82,000 ALGERIA 5,500 80,000 IRAQ 1,500 45,000 ISRAEL 2,500 29,000 PAKISTAN 1,500 30,000 OMAN 1,500 20,000 USA 3,500 18,000 MOROCCO 1,000 15,000 SUDAN 1,000 9,000 LIBYA 100 1,000 OTHERS 4,000 30,000 WORLD TOTAL 60,600 929,000 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Total Supply

Ending Stock

217,000 154,500 128,500 106,500 84,000 85,500 46,500 31,500 31,500 21,500 21,500 16,000 10,000 1,100 34,000 989,600

Beginning stock

16,000 7,000 5,500 5,000 6,000 4,000 1,500 4,000 1,500 1,500 4,000 1,000 500 100 5,000 62,600

16,000 7,000 5,500 5,000 6,000 4,000 1,500 4,000 1,500 1,500 4,000 1,000 500 100 5,000 62,600

2017/2018

Production

Total Supply

215,000 170,000 115,000 100,000 90,000 80,000 50,000 30,000 30,000 20,000 20,000 15,000 9,000 1,000 30,000 975,000

231,000 177,000 120,500 105,000 96,000 84,000 51,500 34,000 31,500 21,500 24,000 16,000 9,500 1,100 35,000 1,037,600

927,000

Ending Stock 20,000 10,000 10,000 5,000 5,000 6,000 3,000 4,000 2,000 1,500 4,000 1,000 500 100 5,000 77,100

960,500

Source: INC. These data concern only dates that have been packaged and presented for sale as such. They account for about 12% of global production of raw dates. Dates consumed in bulk and those destined for processing are not included.

DRIED APRICOTS

杏 / OREJÓN / ABRICOT SEC / ALBICOCCA SECCA / GETROCKNETE APRIKOSE / KURU KAYISI

TURKEY. According to the Malatya Provincial Food, Agriculture

affected quality-wise owing to hail and corky or scabby lesions. The remaining 60% is suitable for exportation.

Turkish dried apricot export market is widening every year. Apart from conventional markets like EU, USA, Russian Federation, etc. demand from Far Eastern countries is also increasing.

and Livestock Directorate, dried apricot 2017/2018 production in Turkey was estimated at 142,260 metric tons, 38% up from prior season. However, due to cold weather, rains and frosts in some parts of Malatya, fruits were smaller and the sweetening and dry matter content were lessened. Around 40% of the crop was estimated to be

Estimated World Dried Apricot Production. Metric Tons.

2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

TURKEY IRAN UZBEKISTAN CHINA AFGHANISTAN SOUTH AFRICA USA OTHERS WORLD TOTAL

5,000 1,000 0 200 0 0 0 2,000 8,200

Production

Total Supply

103,250 15,000 9,000 6,000 3,500 1,500 1,200 30,000 169,450

108,250 16,000 9,000 6,200 3,500 1,500 1,200 32,000 177,650

WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) Source: Aegean Exporters Association, Iran Dried Fruit Exporters and other INC sources.

78

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

Ending Stock 15,000 1,000 0 250 0 0 0 1,500 17,750

159,900

2017/2018 Beginning stock 15,000 1,000 0 250 0 0 0 1,500 17,750

Production

Total Supply

142,260 32,000 10,000 6,000 3,500 1,500 1,500 30,000 226,760

157,260 33,000 10,000 6,250 3,500 1,500 1,500 31,500 244,510

Ending Stock 15,000 0 0 250 0 0 0 3,000 18,250

226,260

Statistical Review

DRIED CRANBERRIES 莓

/ ARÁNDANO / MIRTILLO ROSSO / KEÇIYEMISI average quality. Regarding consumption, Asia continues to be the dominant growth region, with China online snacking sales being the key driver year on year.

The latest estimates for the 2017 fresh fruit crop in North America were around 13 million barrels or 590,000 MT. In the Southern hemisphere, 2017/18 crop was of average size for the acreage planted, with good to

Estimated World Sweetened Dried Cranberries Production. Metric Tons.

2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

Production

USA 14,000 145,000 CANADA 2,500 28,000 CHILE 800 10,000 WORLD TOTAL 17,300 183,000 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Total Supply

Ending Stock

159,000 30,500 10,800 200,300

13,000 2,200 500 15,700

Beginning stock 13,000 2,200 500 15,700

2017/2018

Production

Total Supply

152,465 28,264 11,000 191,729

165,465 30,464 11,500 207,429

184,600

Ending Stock 12,300 2,220 550 15,070

192,359

Source: INC. The cranberry crop is harvested in the fall. End of year statistics are measured as of August, 31. 2017/18 represents the estimate of production and supply through August 31, 2018.

DRIED FIGS

花果 / HIGO SECO / FIGUE SEC / FICO SECCO / GETROCKNETE FEIGE / KURU INCIR

TURKEY. For the 2017/18 season, dried fig production was estimated at 78,200 metric tons by the Dried Fig Crop Assessment Group in Turkey, a 9% increase compared with the previous year.

Estimated World Dried Fig Production. Metric Tons.

2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

Production

TURKEY 0 72,000 IRAN 3,000 22,000 USA 0 9,000 AFGHANISTAN 0 7,000 GREECE 0 7,500 SPAIN 0 5,500 ITALY 0 3,500 OTHERS 0 5,000 WORLD TOTAL 3,000 131,500 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Total Supply 72,000 25,000 9,000 7,000 7,500 5,500 3,500 5,000 134,500

As per the Aegean Exporters Association, the crop was delayed about 10 days due to weather conditions. Because of a higher number of fruits, the average fruit size was a little smaller, but all sizes are fit for the market.

August rainfalls in some parts of the producing area had a very limited effect on the quality of the crop, that is very good overall.

Ending Stock 0 5,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,000

129,500

Beginning stock 0 5,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,000

2017/2018

Production

Total Supply

78,200 18,000 9,500 9,000 7,500 6,000 4,000 3,500 135,700

78,200 23,000 9,500 9,000 7,500 6,000 4,000 3,500 140,700

Ending Stock 0 1,500 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,500

139,200

Source: Aegean Exporters Association, Iran Dried Fruits Exporters Association, California Fig Advisory Board and other INC sources.

PRUNES

/ CIRUELA SECA / PRUNEAU / PRUGNA SECCA / BACKPFLAUME / KURU ERIK / PRUNA SECA

Rebounding from a weather-related short crop in 2016, the California prune (USA) industry returned to its position as the leading volume producer with an estimated 95,000 metric tons. Plentiful precipitation over the winter and mild spring conditions produced a strong, healthy bloom. An extended period of above-average summer temperatures slowed ripening of the fruit and delayed harvest by a week or more in many prune growing areas.

Estimated World Prune Production. Metric Tons.

2016/2017 Country Beginning Stock

USA 64,830 CHILE 17,853 FRANCE 19,700 ARGENTINA 26,130 AUSTRALIA 300 SERBIA 4,000 ITALY 430 SOUTH AFRICA 0 WORLD TOTAL 133,243 CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock)

Chile's crop exceeded the previous year by 9% with ca. 76,000 MT, whereas Argentina fell from 41,000 MT to 12,000 MT due to weather complications.

France returned to a more typical volume after a very large crop in 2016.

Taken together with other producing countries global production stabilized in 2017. Investment in nutrition research and innovation in the ingredients and healthy foods categories are creating new opportunities to grow markets

2017/2018

Production

Total Supply

Ending Stock

47,946 70,000 52,501 41,029 2,600 9,000 1,580 1,000 225,656

112,776 87,853 72,201 67,159 2,900 13,000 2,010 1,000 358,899

47,391 10,559 35,000 33,956 0 420 650 0 127,976

230,923

Beginning stock 47,391 10,559 35,000 33,956 0 420 650 0 127,976

Production

Total Supply

Ending Stock

95,000 76,176 38,000 12,000 4,500 3,000 1,400 1,100 231,176

142,391 86,735 73,000 45,956 4,500 3,420 2,050 1,100 359,152

74,000 5,000 30,000 12,753 210 420 315 0 122,698

236,454

Source: International Prune Association, California Dried Plum Board, Chile Prunes Association and other INC sources.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

79

Statistical Review

RAISINS, SULTANAS & CURRANTS

葡萄干 / UVA PASA / RAISIN SEC / UVETTA / ROSINE / KURU ÜZÜM

TURKEY. For the 2017/2018 season, Turkey’s Sultana crop assessment was carried out by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock for the first time. It was estimated at 310,000 metric tons, approximately 1% less than the previous season.

In Turkey, Sultanas consumption is estimated at about 25,000 MT and around 20,000 MT are used in distillery (raki production). Besides, approx. 6,000 MT of product were donated to school children in 2017 from 2016 crop. About 83% percent of Turkey’s Sultana exports are destined to the EU market.

The quality of the 2017/18 crop was normal. Local rainfalls and hails in some production areas have occurred but their effect on the crop size and quality was very limited.

During the drying period weather was adequate.

USA. Reports of lower bunch count, fewer acreage and higher demand from the wineries for raisin variety grapes point to a shorter California raisin crop. 2017/18 estimated crop size was 235,000 MT prior to experiencing heavy rain and thunderstorms on September 11 in the raisin growing area. Damage to the crop was still being assessed at the time of writing this report, but it was anticipated to be down by 6% to 220,000 MT.

IRAN. From the 6 dried grape production areas in Iran, 3 of them produced a similar amount to the prior season, but the remaining 3 presented a production shortage, adding up a total production of 122,000 MT, 19% shorter than the 150,000 previously forecasted.

As farmers are beginning to produce Golden and Sundried varieties as well as Sultanas, total production for next season is expected to be composed of around 4045,000 MT of Sultanas, about 35,000 MT of Golden and 20,000 MT of Sundried.

With the shorter crop, shipments are expected to decrease once contractual obligations are fulfilled. Demand in the US for California raisins is expected to remain strong.

CHINA. The Chinese forecast production for the 2017/18 season was updated to 130,000 MT, down by 19% from the earlier forecast of 160,000 MT. Though shorter, Chinese dried grape crop is expected to be of good quality.

Estimated World Raisin / Sultana / Currant Production. Metric Tons.

Country TURKEY USA INDIA

2016/2017 Beginning Stock

Production

2017/2018

Total Supply

Ending Stock

Beginning stock

Production

Total Supply

Ending Stock

15,000

313,000

328,000

20,000

20,000

310,000

330,000

20,000

145,000

243,000

388,000

100,000

100,000

220,000

320,000

90,000

0

135,000

135,000

0

0

135,000

135,000

n/a

CHINA

8,000

130,000

138,000

5,000

5,000

130,000

135,000

5,000

IRAN

10,000

200,000

210,000

25,000

25,000

122,000

147,000

n/a

CHILE

6,000

60,000

66,000

6,000

6,000

60,000

66,000

6,000

SOUTH AFRICA

0

45,000

45,000

0

0

57,000

57,000

n/a

AFGHANISTAN

3,000

45,000

48,000

3,000

3,000

50,000

53,000

2,500

UZBEKISTAN

0

50,000

50,000

3,000

3,000

50,000

53,000

2,500

ARGENTINA

0

18,000

18,000

0

0

33,500

33,500

n/a

GREECE

0

27,000

27,000

0

0

27,000

27,000

n/a

AUSTRALIA

0

12,000

12,000

0

0

17,000

17,000

n/a

187,000

1,278,000

1,465,000

162,000

162,000

1,211,500

1,373,500

126,000

TOTAL

CONSUMPTION (T,.Supply - End. Stock)

1,303,000

Source: Aegean Exporters Association, Iran Dried Fruit Exporters Association and other INC sources.

80

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

1,247,500

Statistical Review

SPECIAL REPORT: DRIED FRUIT OUTLOOK

2014/15 2014/15

2015/16 2015/16

2017/18 F* 2017/18 F*

USA USA Canada Canada Chile

Chile

1,200,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 800,000 800,000 600,000 600,000 400,000 400,000 200,000 200,000 0 0

20 17 F* /18

50,000

135,700

131,500

142,505

70,000

135,744

Egypt

117,800

90,000

107,000

Tunisia Others

145,250

110,000 107,562

UAE

130,000

107,038

Iran

150,000

96,000

975,000

Dried Fig Production (MT) Saudi Arabia

Turkey Iran USA Afghanistan Greece

30,000

Others

10,000 8 17 F* /1

20

17 20 16 /

16 20 15 /

15 20 14 /

14 20 13 /

13 20 12 /

12 11 / 20

20

10

/1 1

0 /1 09 20

* Forecast. Cranberries crop data available from 2012 onwards. Source: INC. Turkey

Prune Production (MT) November 2017 | NUTFRUIT 6

USA

6

,572

200,000

93,400

250,000 3

Afghanistan

30

China

300,000 851

Uzbekistan

0

226,760

20

08

/0

9

0

Iran

Chile

2200 20 0088 08 //00 /0 99 9

Ra Ra

1,400,000 1,400,000 1,200,000

81

1,145,950 1,145,950 1,145,950

191,729 191,729 191,729

2013/14 2013/14

2016/17 2016/17

165,000 165,000 165,000

153,000 153,000 153,000

138,000 138,000 138,000

122,000 122,000 122,000 2012/13 2012/13

183,000 183,000 183,000

Sweetened Dried Cranberry Production (MT) Sweetened Dried Cranberry Production (MT)

250,000 250,000 200,000 200,000 150,000 150,000 100,000 100,000 50,000 50,000 0 0

22 2

Afghanistan Others Others

230,300 230,300 230,300

300,000 300,000 250,000 250,000 200,000 200,000 150,000 150,000 100,000 100,000 50,000 50,000 0 0

Uzbekistan China China Afghanistan

2200 20 0088 08 //00 /0 99 9

2200 20 1177 17 FF** F/*/1188 /18

2200 20 1122 12 239,018 239,018 239,018 //11 /1 33 3 2200 20 1133 13 170,945 170,945 170,945 //11 /1 44 4 2200 20 1144 14 87,829 87,829 //11 /1 87,829 55 5 2200 20 1155 15 150,746 150,746 150,746 //11 /1 66 6 2200 20 1166 16 169,450 169,450 169,450 //11 /1 77 7 2200 20 11 1 226,760 226,760 226,760 FF** 77F//*11 7/1 88 8

198,917 198,917 198,917 2200 20 1111 11 //11 /1 22 2

159,100 159,100 159,100

164,350 164,350 164,350

146,950 146,950 146,950

Turkey Turkey Iran Iran Uzbekistan

2200 20 0088 08 //00 /0 99 9

975,000 975,000 975,000

929,000 929,000 929,000

836,500 836,500 836,500

781,000 781,000 781,000

753,900 753,900 753,900

747,250 747,250 747,250

659,800 659,800 659,800

659,900 659,900 659,900

637,104 637,104 637,104

Iran UAE UAE Tunisia Tunisia Egypt Egypt Others Others

2200 20 0099 09 //11 /1 00 0 2200 20 1100 10 //11 /1 11 1 2200 20 1111 11 //11 /1 22 2 2200 20 1122 12 //11 /1 33 3 2200 20 1133 13 //11 /1 44 4 2200 20 1144 14 //11 /1 55 5 2200 20 1155 15 //11 /1 66 6 2200 20 1166 16 //11 /1 77 7

2200 20 0088 08 //00 /0 99 9

150,000 150,000 130,000 130,000 110,000 110,000 90,000 90,000 70,000 70,000 50,000 50,000 30,000 30,000 10,000 10,000 0 0

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Iran

Dried Apricot Production (MT) Dried Apricot Production (MT)

2200 20 0088 08 //00 /0 99 9 2200 20 0099 09 //11 /1 00 0 2200 20 1100 10 //11 /1 11 1

250,000 250,000 200,000 200,000 150,000 150,000 100,000 100,000 50,000 50,000 0 0

670,800 670,800 670,800

Table Date Production (MT) Table Date Production (MT)

1,000,000 1,000,000 800,000 800,000 600,000 600,000 400,000 400,000 200,000 200,000 0 0

96,000 96,000 96,000

WORLD DRIED FRUIT PRODUCTION

Turkey

F*

8

20

17 20 F* /1 17/ F8* 1

6

20

16 20 /1 16 7 /1 7

5

15 20 /1 15 6 /1 20

20

14 20 /1 14 5 /1

4

3

13 20 /1 13 4 /1 20

2

12 20 /1 12 3 /1

20

14%

231,176 231,176

Argentina France Australia Argentina Others

400,000 200,000

17 20 F* /1 17/ F8* 1 8

20

1,211,500 1,211,500

1,278,000 1,278,000

1,217,000 1,217,000

45%

54%

13%

9% 6%

9% 14%

5% 5%5% Turkey 11% 8% 9% 5%5% 6% USA 8% 5% Turkey 7% USA Iran 2011 5%

2011

India Iran China India

14% 14% 14%

20

17 20 F* /1 17/ F8* 1 8

7 16 20 /1 16 7 /1

20

15 20 /1 15 6 /1

20

14 20 /1 14 5 /1

20

13 20 /1 13 4 /1

20

11 20 /1 11 2 /1

20

6

5

4

2

10 20 /1 10 1 /1 1

66%

Others

21% ASIA AFRICA EUROPE ASIA OTHERS AFRICA MIDDLE EAST EUROPE OTHERS MIDDLE EAST

20

0 09 20 /1 09 0 /1

20

9 08 20 /0 08 9 /0

2011

62% 58% 77% 66% 77% Others China

21%

20

* Forectast. Source: INC.

2011

AFRICA OTHERS

Figs (HS code Dried Apricots (HS0804 code20) 0813 10) Figs (HS code 0804 20) 2015 6% 2015 2015 5% 6%

19%

200,000 0 0

1,328,844 1,328,844

18% 19%

45%

54%

3

*

600,000 400,000

14% 2011

12 20 /1 12 3 /1

800,000 600,000

18%

20

F*

9%

14%

1,038,547 1,038,547

1,000,000 800,000

4%

1,225,635 1,225,635

1,145,950 1,145,950

1,200,000 1,000,000

1,206,999 1,206,999

9%

1,061,600 1,061,600

Chile

4% 11%

1,328,405 1,328,405

1,400,000 1,400,000 1,200,000

ASIA EUROPE MIDDLE EAST

7 16 20 /1 16 7 /1

20

20

20

15 20 /1 15 6 /1

6

5 14 20 /1 14 5 /1

4

20

13 20 /1 13 4 /1

3

2

12 20 /1 12 3 /1

20

20

20

20 11 20 /1 11 2 /1

10 20 /1 10 1 /1 1

0

9

09 20 /1 09 0 /1

08 20 /0 08 9 /0 20

(HS code 0804 10) Raisin, SultanaDates and Currant Production (MT) 2015 5% Raisin, Sultana and Currant Production (MT) 2015 5% 11%

USA

45% 54%

Others 21% Australia

Dates (HS code 0804 10)

Canada USA Chile Canada

USA

19%

50,000 0 0

4%

2011 Chile USA France Chile

18%

225,656 225,656

293,400 293,400

100,000 50,000

9%

266,572 266,572

8

F1*8 7/1

150,000 100,000

230,703 230,703

200,000 150,000

Others

244,030 244,030

Others Afghanistan

230,300 230,300

250,000 200,000

253,851 253,851

300,000 250,000

2015

5% 11%

224,920 224,920

300,000

China Uzbekistan Afghanistan China

Dates (HS code 0804 10)

Prune Production (MT) Prune Production (MT)

197,977 197,977

Iran Turkey Uzbekistan Iran

11 20 /1 11 2 /1

20

10 20 /1 10 1 /1 1

0

20

20

Statistical Review

20

09 20 /1 09 0 /1

08 20 /0 08 9 /0

0

9

10,000 0

EUROPE MIDDLE EAST ASIA OTHERS EUROPE EUROPE OCEANIA MIDDLE EAST NORTH AMERICA OTHERS NORTH AMERICA ASIA OTHERS MIDDLE EAST NORTH AMERICA

M

Geographical Distribution of Dried Fruit Imports Dates (HS code Dates (HS code 0804 10)0804 10) 5% 2015 2015 5% 11%

11%

18%

14% 18%

9%

4%

9%

4%

14%

2011

2011

54%

45% 54%

45%

19%

19%

13% 5%

13% 9% 6% 11%

9%

7%9%

7% 5%

6%

2015

2015 2015

66%

62%

Cranberries prepared or preserved Prunes (HS code Prunes (HS code 20)0813 20) Cranberries prepared or preserved (HS code 2008 93) 0813 (HS code 2008 93) 2015 9% 2015 2015 8% 9% 2015 8% 10%

2011 2011

14%

14% 62% 58% 58% 77% 66%

9% 7% 8% 9% 2% 10% 3%8% 7% 3% 6% 2% 14% 14%6%

22% 13% 14%

EUROPE MIDDLE EAST EUROPE OCEANIA EUROPE ASIA OCEANIA OTHERS NORTH AMERICA OTHERS NORTH AMERICA OTHERS NORTH MIDDLEAMERICA EAST MIDDLE EAST

2011 13% 2012 2011 52% 58% 2012 22% 63% 17%

17%

16%

2012 17%

54%

15% 16%

Prunes (HS code 0813 20) Cranberries prepared or preserved Cranberries prepared or preserved (HS code 2008 93) (HS code 2008 93) 82 November 2017 | NUTFRUIT2015 9% 8%

2015

2015

58% 54% 52%

63%

6% 9% 9%

54%

2011

11% 15%

NORTH AMERICA EUROPE EUROPE EUROPE LATIN AMERICA* NORTH AMERICA LATIN AMERICA* OTHERS NORTH AMERICA OTHERS EUROPE LATIN AMERICA* LATIN AMERICA* OTHERS *and the Caribbean ASIA the Caribbean ASIA *and NORTH OTHERS *and the Caribbean ASIA AMERICA ASIA *and the Caribbean

Dried Grapes (HS code Dried Grapes (HS code 0806 20)0806 20) 10%

2015

2015

14%

6%

9% 15%

15%

10%

Dried Grapes (HS code 0806 20) Dried Grapes (HS code 0806 20) 2015 10% 2015 10% 14% 7%

11%

60% 2011

MY

CY

K

58% 54% 2011 58% 52% 63%

EUROPE NORTH AMERICA LATIN AMERICA* OTHERS NORTH AMERICA EUROPE *and theAMERICA* Caribbean ASIA EUROPE LATIN LATIN AMERICA* OTHERS NORTH AMERICA OTHERS *and the Caribbean ASIA ASIA *and the Caribbean

7%

Y

CM

CMY

15%

9%

Source: DESA/UNSD United Nations Comtrade Database. Cranberries trade data available from 2012 onwards.

8% 9%

13% 17% 22%

14%

EUROPE OCEANIA MIDDLE EAST NORTH AMERICA OTHERS EUROPEEUROPE OCEANIA EUROPE MIDDLE EAST ASIA OTHERS MIDDLE ASIA EAST NORTH AMERICA OTHERS OTHERS NORTH MIDDLE EAST AMERICA NORTH AMERICA

5% 11% 5% 6% 8%

14% 2011 14% 14%

14%

13%

3%9% 8% 10% 7% 3% 14% 2% 6% 14% 2011

15%

DriedFigs Apricots (HS code (HS code 0804 20) 10) Dried Apricots (HS code 0813 10)0813

6%

13% 6% 5% 11%5% 6% 6% 6% 11% 5%5% 9% 5% 5% 9% 8% 6% 7% 8% 9% 2011 5% 7% 9% 5% 2011 2011 14% 62% 2011 58% 14% 14% 14% 62% 58% 14% 77% 77% 66% 14%

Prunes (HS code 0813 20) (HSor code 0813 20) CranberriesPrunes prepared preserved (HS9%code 2008 93)2015 2015 9% 9% 2015 8% 8%

16%

ASIA AFRICA ASIA AFRICA OTHERS EUROPE EUROPE OTHERS MIDDLE EAST MIDDLE EAST

6%

Dried Apricots (HS code 0813 10) Dried Apricots (HS code 0813 10) (HS code Figs (HSFigs code 0804 20)0804 20) 2015 13% 2015 2015 2015 6%

21%

21%

C

59% 60%

59%

EUROPE NORTH AMERICA ASIA OTHERS NORTH AMERICA EUROPE *and the Caribbean LATIN AMERICA* ASIA OTHERS LATIN AMERICA* *and the Caribbean

Statistical Review

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November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

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83

Industry News

NEARLY ONE QUARTER OF KOREAN ADULTS ARE DEFICIENT IN ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL VITAMIN E-NEW STUDY SHOWS ALMONDS CAN HELP Choosing Almonds as a Snack Can Improve Vitamin E Status and Boost Nutrient Intake

A

new study from researchers at Korea National Open University, funded by the Almond Board of California and published in the European Journal of Nutrition, suggests that choosing almonds as a daily snack in place of high-carbohydrate cookies may boost nutrient intake, improve risk factors for cardiovascular disease and enhance serum alpha tocopherol vitamin E levels in Korean adults1, many of whom are deficient in this nutrient. This is the first study to investigate the impact of almonds in a Korean population.

Why Study Vitamin E Status and Diet Quality in Korea?

The typical Korean diet is rich in carbohydrates and low in fats2. With about 25% of total calories coming from white rice3. This rice-based diet predisposes many Koreans to obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes4. Korean adults also tend to have insufficient plasma alpha-tocopherol vitamin E. In fact, 90% of Korean adults have plasma alpha-tocopherol levels below 20 umol/L (associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk) and 23% below 12umol/L levels that indicate deficiency5. Thus, researchers tested whether including almonds (the nut highest in vitamin E, providing 14mg alpha-tocopherol per 56g almonds) in a traditional Korean diet would boost serum alpha-tocopherol and improve risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Researchers conducted a randomized crossover trial in a freeliving overweight/obese Korean population to evaluate the health outcomes of including almonds vs. cookies (providing same calories but no alphatocopherol) as a daily snack in their habitual diet. In this 12 week trial, participants were freeliving, meaning that their daily food and calorie intake was not prescribed or controlled. They were randomized to one of two snacking groups and consumed 56 grams of almonds (about two portions or two handfuls, providing 150% DV of vitamin E recommended for Koreans) or cookies (providing the same number of calories but no vitamin E) as a daily snack for four weeks. The first diet phase was followed by a two-week wash-out period, after which participants switched snack groups. Results showed that eating almonds as a daily snack increased healthy fats (mono- and poly-unsaturated fats), vitamin E and fiber in the diet, while decreasing total carbohydrate intake. Including almonds significantly decreased total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in this population compared to the cookie snack, and significantly improved blood levels of alpha tocopherol vitamin E from baseline.

84

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

What is the Significance of Improving Alpha-tocopherol Vitamin E Status?

Improving serum levels of vitamin E is significant, as this antioxidant nutrient is essential for protecting cells from free radical damage. Vitamin E may help protect the skin, hair, and other organs from the damaging effects of free radicals, which are produced by the sun’s rays, pollution, cigarette smoke and other environmental factors.

Said researcher, Dr. Ho Kyung Kwak, “Almonds are among the leading natural food sources of alpha-tocopherol vitamin E and research suggests that the alpha-tocopherol naturally found in foods is the most potent form of vitamin E for humans, with twice the potency of the synthetic form of vitamin E typically found in dietary supplements.”

What’s More…

Two handfuls of almond consumption contributed to improved diet quality and balanced macronutrient consumption. Also significant, even though the almond snack resulted in higher overall calorie intake, body weight, waist circumference, and body composition remained unchanged over the course of the study. This is consistent with observations from several other almond consumption studies done worldwide and is likely due to displacement of other foods due to satiety6,7,8 and incomplete calorie absorption9.

Though the majority of the research investigating the impact of almond consumption on markers of heart health has been conducted in the US, Canada and Europe, a few studies have been carried out in Taiwan and India with similar results. This is the first study to investigate the impact of almonds in a Korean population. Because genetics can influence physiological responses to dietary change, it is significant to see that almonds tend to provide similar health/nutrition benefits across populations.

“This study, the first among Koreans, adds to the body of evidence that including almonds in the diet confers heart health benefits among diverse ethnic populations,” said Dr. Kwak. “Including almonds in the typical Korean diet as a snack can help healthy overweight and obese people improve their intake of important nutrients and boost serum levels of alpha-tocopherol vitamin E.”

Industry News Study at a Glance: The Study: In a 12- week randomized, crossover intervention trial, eightyfour overweight/obese participants consumed either 56 g of almonds or cookies providing similar calories daily for 4 weeks. Each diet trial lasted four weeks with a two-week washout period between treatments.

Results: Consuming 56 g of almonds daily versus isocaloric cookies increased intake of MUFA by 192%, PUFA by 84.5%, vitamin E by 102.7%, and dietary fiber by 11.8% and decreased carbohydrate intake by 14.1%. Participants were freeliving, meaning that their diets were not controlled for calories. Although total daily calorie intake increased when they were eating almonds, body weight, waist circumference, and body composition were not affected. Almonds in overweight and obese Korean adults significantly decreased cardiovascular risk factors including total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol compared to the control. Neither diet affected measured biomarkers of oxidative stress.

Study Limitations: This almond intervention in a Korean population appears generally consistent with those found in other Asian populations, as well as North American and European countries. This relationship may result from the positive nutrient attributes of almonds, i.e., their content of MUFA, PUFA, fiber, and vitamin E, and their combined association with heart health. This study, however, does have several limitations: • Due to a relatively short intervention duration, the positive effects of chronic almond consumption on the outcome measures unknown.

• Nutritent intake relied on self-reported dietary information.

• The sample size of this study may not be powered to detect the effect of almonds on TG, apo-B, ICAM-1, IL-1β and IL-6.

• The impact of any food or nutrient on CVD risk must be evaluated against the background of ethnicity, genetics, diet, and lifestyle for the cohort studied.

Almonds Provide Heart-Health Benefits and Boost Vitamin E Levels in Korean Adults Replacing a High-Carbohydrate Snack with Almonds, Resulted In

of Korean Adults Need More Vitamin E

Typical Korean Diet + Almonds Boost Serum Vitamin E

Conclusion Almonds at 56 g/d consumed as a snack favorably modified the Korean diet by increasing MUFA, PUFA, vitamin E, and dietary fiber intake and decreasing carbohydrate intake.

Including almonds significantly decreased total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in this population compared to the cookie snack, and significantly improved blood levels of alpha tocopherol in overweight and obese Koreans. Thus, including almonds in typical Korean diets as a snack can help healthy overweight/obese individuals improve nutritional status and reduce their risk for CVD.

References 1. Jung H, Chen O, Blumberg JB, Kwak H-K. The effect of almonds on vitamin E status and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean adults: a randomized clinical trial. European Journal of Nutrition 2017 Jul 10 (Epub ahead of print; doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1480-5.). 2. Song Y, Joung H (2012) A traditional Korean dietary pattern and metabolic syndrome abnormalities. Nutr, Met and Cardio Dis 22(5):456-462.

3. Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2014) Korea Health Statistics. Sejong: Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea. 4. Kim J, Jo I, Joung H (2012) A rice-based traditional dietary pattern is associated with obesity in Korean adults. J Acad Nutr and Diet 112 (2):246-253. 5. Kim YN, Cho YO (2015) Vitamin E status of 20- to 59-year old adults living in the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea. Nutr Res Pract 9(2):192–198. 6. Hull S, Re R, Chambers L, Echaniz A, Wickham SJ. A mid-morning snack generates satiety and appropriate adjustment of subsequent food intake in healthy women. European Journal of Nutrition 2015;54(5):803-10. 7. Tan YT, Mattes RD. Appetitive, dietary and health effects of almonds consumed with meals or as snacks: a randomised, controlled trial. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2013; 67:1205-14. 8. Mori AM, Considine RV, Mattes, RD. 2011. Acute and second-meal effects of almond form in impaired glucose tolerant adults: a randomized crossover trial. Nutrition and Metabolism 2011 Jan 28;8(1):6. 9. Novotny JA, Gebauer SK, Baer DJ. 2012. Discrepancy between the Atwater factor predicted and empirically measured energy values of almonds in human diets. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 96(2):296-301.

November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

85

Industry News

NEW EXPORT FALL AD CAMPAIGNS TO LAUNCH

T

he CWC will launch new fall advertising campaigns in several export markets, in line with new crop arrival in market to maximize the momentum of the harvest season. Showcasing walnuts versatility and health benefits, consumer ads will appear in lifestyle, fitness, and health magazines and publications.

Online advertising will complement the print campaigns with placements on social media channels and in Korea, on Naver, one of the leading Korean search engines.

During the traditional holiday season, the CWC will conduct instore advertising in Spain in outlets of leading retailers Eroski, El Corte Ingles, Hipercor and Carrefour. Ads will be placed prominently at the point of sale including columns and security wraps. Throughout the fall, key word campaigns will be conducted on Google, aligned to seasonal promotional themes in order to drive traffic to our Spanish website, nuecesdecalifornia.com

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November 2017 | NUTFRUIT

As part of our integrated campaign, the CWC will continue to drive awareness at the trade level through print ads in several markets. Trade ads, focusing on the consistency and quality of CA walnuts, will reach the professional baking, foodservice, manufacturing, wholesale, and confectionery sectors.

Industry News

EXPORT RETAIL PROMOTIONS MOVE VOLUME

T

o move additional retail volume, the CWC conducted retail campaigns in several key export markets during 2017. In Japan, this fall, the CWC will communicate the health benefits of walnuts in addition to generating consumer awareness at the point of sale through a consumer sweepstakes campaign as part of the overall “Walnut Bread of the Year” promotion.

The “2017 California Walnut Sales King” was held in Korea during March and April with VIC Market in 5 elected stores nationwide for the entire two-month period. There was an 87.5% sales increase compared to same period prior to the promotion. EMart also participated with 155 stores nationwide where there was a 45% increase in sales during a 4-week period. As a whole, the contest campaign resulted in an incremental 80 MT moving through the market.

In India, the CWC partnered with Wal-Mart for a 12-month campaign to showcase California walnut displays in branded endcaps in 21 stores across the country. The branded endcaps were placed in prominent locations in the store such as near the check-out counter or at the end of

the category aisle to create top of mind recall for California walnuts. The promotion has been an enormous success showing an overall volume growth of 30 percent on a year-on-year basis as reported by Wal-Mart India management.

Started in 2012 Sea Star Foodstuff Manufacturing and Trading Company moved to new location in October 2016 to work exclusively in Pistachio processing with 34 new Cracking Machines and a Capacity up to 25 MT per shift with 2800 m2 total building in 5000 m2 total area.

Sea Star stated to develop Jordanian Pistachio plantation and importing raw Pistachios from all over the world that we are cracking, fumigating, separating shells and packing the kernels into our brands (EL Basha & Plantation) and other brands upon request.

Sea Star Products is touching the heart of all clients, with high standards quality, we ensure the deepest satisfaction to translate our vision to come true.

Sea Star Chose Aqaba International industrial area to have a direct .access to our neighbors market through Sea, Air, and land

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Industry News

PISTACHIOS, RICH IN LUTEIN FOR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION PROTECTION

P

istachios are a source of a broad range of antioxidants such as gamma-tocopherol (a form of vitamin E), polyphenols and the carotenoid lutein.1 Antioxidants are substances that may protect cells against the effects of free radicals, molecules that are produced as part of the body’s normal metabolism, or by environmental contaminants like tobacco smoke, exhaust fumes and radiation. Free radicals can cause damage, known as “oxidative stress”, and may play an important role in aging and diseases that come with age like heart disease, cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.2 Lutein and zeaxanthin are two fat-soluble antioxidants belonging to the class of carotenoids called xanthophylls. Along with their conversion isomer meso-zeaxanthin, they are the major constituents of macular pigment, a compound concentrated in the macula region of the retina that is responsible for fine-feature vision. Given their accumulation in the retina, the role L/Z play in eye health has been investigated with a particular focus on how consumption of these carotenoids may prevent and/or slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in older adults.3

References 1. Mandalari G, et al. Bioaccessibility of pistachio polyphenols, xanthophylls, and tocopherols during simulated human digestion. Nutr. 2013;29(1):338-44. 2. Mayne, ST. Antioxidant nutrients and chronic disease: use of biomarkers of exposure and oxidative stress status in epidemiologic research.

J Nutr. 2003 Mar; 133 Suppl 3:933S-940S. 3. Lim, L.S.; Mitchell, P.; Seddon, J.M.; Holz, F.G.;Wong, T.Y. Age-related macular degeneration. Lancet 2012, 379, 1728–1738. 4. SanGiovanni, J.P.; Chew, E.Y.; Clemons, T.E.; Ferris, F.L., 3rd; Gensler, G.; Lindblad, A.S.; Milton, R.C.; Seddon, J.M.; Sperduto, R.D. The relationship of dietary carotenoid and vitamin A, E, and C intake with age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study: Areds report No. 22. Arch. Ophthalmol. 2007, 125, 1225– 1232. [PubMed]. 5. Chew, E.Y.; Clemons, T.E.; SanGiovanni, J.P.; Danis, R.; Ferris, F.L., 3rd; Elman, M.; Antoszyk, A.; Ruby, A.; Orth, D.; Bressler, S. Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Research Group.

Lutein + zeaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids for age-related macular degeneration: The age-related eye disease study 2 (areds2) randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2013, 309, 2005–2015.

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Current evidence suggests that higher dietary intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin are likely to play an important role in protecting against agerelated macular degeneration and increased consumption of foods high in lutein and zeaxanthin, such as pistachios should be encouraged in the diet of people at high risk of AMD. Pistachios contain about 1.4 milligrams of lutein per 100 grams and these studies suggest dietary intake of 2.5 milligrams of L/Z may be high enough to offer some protection for people at high risk of AMD or with early signs and symptoms of AMD.4,5 As one ages, there is a need to maximize nutrient content per calories consumed. Snacking on pistachios is good for you. It boosts energy, provides key nutrients, helps control hunger and reduces bingeing. They make a difference in the quality of a diet: they are nutrient dense and help you keep healthy and maintaining physical vitality.

One serving of pistachios has about 20% of the daily requirement of vitamin B6, as well as 20% of that for copper and manganese. It is also rich in thiamin (vitamin B1), phosphorus, magnesium and potassium.

And the benefits show: studies report that eating nuts like pistachios improves the nutrient content and quality of the diet.

U.S. Pistachio Outlook The 2017 U.S. pistachio crop harvest is now in full swing. The industry is expecting to produce somewhere between 500 to 650 million pounds (227,272 to 295,454 metric tons), which could be the second largest crop in U.S. history, following 2016’s record crop of 903 million pounds (410,454 metric tons). Early reports suggest that growers are not harvesting as large a crop as expected. While younger trees are producing as expected, older trees have smaller crops. A final crop size will be officially known by December.

Industry News

PISTACHIOS TAKE CENTER PLATE IN CULINARY NUTRITION TREND

W

e are in the “Year of the Home Cook,” according to a recent study by Peapod, leading online grocer in the United States, and market-research agency ORC International - and that is good news for healthy eating. The study found that 72-percent of the 1,063 Americans surveyed already cook at home, and 34-percent said they planned to cook more meals at home in 20171. The desire to eat healthier was the driving force for the majority of study participants2. With trends leaning towards healthier home cooking, health professionals have been honing their culinary skills and incorporating recipes into today’s discussions on healthy eating. How do health professionals sharpen their knife skills without going to culinary school? The Pistachio Health Institute (PHI) has seen culinary nutrition become a key topic of interest, headlining nutrition conferences across the country.

This spring, registered dietitians learned about innovations in culinary nutrition at the California Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Annual Conference (CANDAC) in Sacramento, CA. This summer, 10,000 health and fitness professionals attended cooking demonstrations and seminars from notable chefs promoting healthier lifestyles at the IDEA World Convention in Las Vegas, NV. The trend will continue at this fall’s Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Food and Nutrition Conference and Expo (FNCE) in Chicago, IL – the largest annual gathering of food and nutrition professionals – where culinary trends and cooking essentials are on the menu. At these events and more, PHI is reaching health professionals with pistachio-driven inspiration for great-tasting healthy eating.

Beyond the Snack: Pistachios Inspire Sweet and Savory Dishes The Pistachio Health Institute happily provides pistachios to culinary nutrition events. As a result, health professionals now know to look to pistachios for a star ingredient in creating satisfying and healthy dishes.

Pistachios were used by chefs and dietitians who work in leadership roles throughout the university foodservice system to create hearthealthy Mediterranean dishes.

Pistachios in the Media The PHI is also committed to providing culinary-minded registered dietitians with the pistachios they crave to create new healthy dishes for their clients. As go-to nutrition experts for the media, they love sharing their healthy pistachio recipes with popular online magazines to inspire millions

of readers to incorporate pistachios into a healthy lifestyle. These nutrition experts help spread awareness of the many health benefits of pistachios.

Amy Gorin, RD recommends pairing pistachios with Greek yogurt and fruit for a breakfast with healthy fat, fiber and protein on Shape.com.

Pistachios were featured on Livestrong.com topping pan-grilled nectarine sundae cups by Jackie Newgent, RDN, CDN in a roundup of three-ingredient desserts without a lot of sugar.3 A recipe for “Pistachio Turkey Meatballs” was a featured on MensFitness.com. Another winning recipe by Elizabeth Shaw, M.S, RDN, CLT. The article touted the healthy fats in pistachios.4

Is Home Cooking Healthier?

According to Julia A. Wolfson, MPP, a CLF-Lerner Fellow at the Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future “When people cook most of their meals at home, they consume fewer carbohydrates, less sugar and less fat than those who cook less or not at all – even if they are not trying to lose weight,” referencing her 2014 Public Health Nutrition study5,6. With this knowledge in mind, the PHI will continue to provide culinary inspiration to consumers to support delicious techniques for healthy living.

At this year’s Culinary Nutrition Conference at New York University, registered dietitians learned how to make a pistachio, cauliflower and arugula salad and a pistachio-carrot pie with ginger-infused whip cream.

This summer, the National Association of College and University Food Services Nutrition Summit featured several workshops on translating the latest nutrition science into culinary practice.

References 1.“Peapod Predicts 2017 Will Be The Year of the Home Cook” Accessed online: http://prn.to/2iWtJbQ. 2. 10 Breakfast Hacks for the Anti-Morning Person http://bit.ly/2jDAcru. 3. Three-Ingredient Low Sugar Desserts http://bit.ly/2xcgj61. 4. Pistachio Turkey Meatballs http://bit.ly/2gMhRMR. 5. “Study Suggests Home Cooking is a Main Ingredient in Healthier Diet” Accessed online. http://bit.ly/2xbZk3z 6. Is cooking at home associated with better diet quality or weight-loss intention? Julia Wolfson-Sara Bleich - Public Health Nutrition – 2014 http://bit.ly/2wHPaGF

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Industry News

NEW U.S. CAMPAIGN BUILDING MOMENTUM FOR CALIFORNIA PRUNES The California Dried Plum Board will debut a new brand in 2018, while it focuses on building U.S. marketplace momentum now.

"W

e are developing a new brand, while activating an aggressive marketing program designed to ignite conversation around California prunes and inspire trial of the amazing fruit,” said Donn Zea, Executive Director, California Dried Plum Board.

richly dynamic, regionally relevant California prune marketing programs.

Zea says a signature effort within the current U.S. campaign is integration with the popular meal-kit home delivery service, Chef’d. A leader in pre-portioned, ready-to-cook meals, Chef’d delivers complete meal kits to the doorstep of consumers seeking convenience and delicious meal and snack options. In a recent USA Today

In 2018, California prunes will integrate into meal kits from Chef ’d – a leader in at-home meal-kit deliveries.

Underway now, the board is conducting a comprehensive re-branding process that will include thorough market research to help ensure the new brand resonates with key audiences. Global perspectives will also help to shape the new brand as insights are gathered from marketing representatives in key California prunes markets, including Canada, China, Europe, Japan and Korea.

“We look forward to unveiling the new brand in mid-2018,” said Zea. “Ultimately, the brand will represent California prunes as the best in class of prunes worldwide.”

Integrating into Cutting-Edge Food Trends, Amplifying Nutritional Benefits

article, (July 3, 2017) meal-kit delivery services were reported as a $2.2 billion business with projected annual growth of 25 – 30 percent during the next half-decade – according to food industry consulting firm, Pentallect.

California prunes will be featured in six Chef’d meal kit options in 2018, while another 10,000 snack pack samples of California prunes will be distributed to Chef’d customers nationwide. The California prune meal-kit recipes are created by top registered dietitians (RDs) with culinary credentials.

“When people try California prunes, they tend to like California prunes,” said Zea. “The Chef’d integration is just one way we are making it easy for consumers to become fans

As the new brand is developed, a high-impact U.S. marketing program is helping to build momentum for California prunes. Meanwhile, the international markets activate their own

Veggie Burguer

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of the fruit, while placing California prunes in the middle of a rapidly expanding food trend.”

In addition to the Chef’d integration, California prunes will host a special event and have an exhibit in the Healthy Gut Pavilion at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Food and Nutrition Conference and Expo (FNCE)

in Chicago, Ill. FNCE is the largest gathering of registered dietitians (RDs) in the United States attracting more than 10,000 nutrition influencers each year.

“California prunes have an exceptional nutrition story to tell,” said Zea. “The California Dried Plum Board and the global scientific community are investigating the effect of California prunes on bone health and our findings are highly favorable…with more good news sure to come.”

Our digestive health-related research has also yielded positive results that are extremely relevant to today’s growing interest in gut health and its influence on overall health, adds Zea. In addition to the nutrition conference integration, the board will engage with foodservice

leaders at the International Foodservice Editorial Council annual meeting (IFEC) in Boulder, Co. IFEC activities will help educate culinary and foodservice influencers about the fruit’s one-ofa-kind flavor, as well as the vast culinary uses of California prunes.

Along with the presence at key conferences, the board is also partnering with a network of RDs throughout the United States to help further spread the word about the nutritional benefits of California prunes. A robust social media presence underpins the entire campaign.

“California prune growers produce a delicious, premium-caliber fruit that is unmatched in flavor, versatility and nutritional benefits,” said Zea. “Our marketing campaign is designed to help California prunes capture the attention they deserve. It’s an exciting time to be in the California prune industry.”

Industry News

WE ARE

PRUNES WALNUTS FROM CALIFORNIA GROWER OWNED COMPANIES

SINCE 1991

SINCE 1886

Sacramento Packing, Inc. 833 Tudor Road, Yuba City, CA 95991, USA (530) 671-4488 P | (530) 671-7841 F www.sacramentopacking.com

Valley View Packing 7547 Sawtelle Ave, Yuba City, CA 95991, USA (530) 673-7356 P | (530) 673-9432 F www.valleyviewpacking.com

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Industry News

LITTLE ‘MACADAMIA’ WINS 10.5 MILLION HEARTS

By Lynne Ziehlke,

Market Development Manager, Australian Macadamias

M

eet ‘Macadamia’ – the first baby koala joey of the season born at Australia Zoo wildlife sanctuary earlier this year.

Macadamia’s arrival was eagerly anticipated, and when he finally found the courage to emerge from his mother’s pouch for his first photos, the world went a little bit crazy!

Australia Zoo is located on Queensland’s Sunshine Coast in northern Australia, and was made famous by the late Steve Irwin, also known as ‘The Crocodile Hunter’. A global zoological destination, Australia Zoo is dedicated to conservation of Australian wildlife and habitats.

The koala is one of Australia’s most iconic native animals, so securing the rights to name the new joey was a perfect fit for our iconic Aussie nut. Macadamia’s debut was covered extensively on social and

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mainstream media, reaching more than 10.5 million people in Australia alone, with additional reach in international markets.

He featured on top-rating national breakfast television program The Today Show as well as the evening news on major networks and several online channels.

A video of Macadamia shared on our own Facebook page and that of tourism body Visit Queensland generated more than half a million views and 15,000 likes.

You can also watch the video on our YouTube channel, where it has been viewed more than 11,000 times. Head to youtube.com/ AustMacadamias.

Welcome to the world Macadamia!

Industry News

THE 'NUTS ABOUT GOOD HEALTH PROJECT' IS BACK. AND IT’S MAKING NEWS!

W

ith Autumn coming, Nucis Italia’s activities start again with its “Nuts About Good Health” project, which in the last few years has helped the Italian consumer to discover all the beneficial health effects of nuts and dried fruit and has encouraged the introduction of these foods into our daily eating habits, in recipes and as snacks, highlighting their importance as essential ingredients of the renowned Mediterranean diet.

Currently, per capita consumption of nuts in Italy is about 1.5Kg per year, a number which is still low when compared to other countries such as the USA, Germany and France and which represents a huge potential waiting to be realized.

For the 2017-2018 campaign, starting in October, Nucis Italia has devised a detailed plan to involve the press, the Internet, decision makers of the large scale retail trade, doctors and health professionals.

Starting with doctors, new informative materials have been conceived for them and their patients. The number of Nucis’ supporters is constantly growing, aiming at rapidly reaching 2,200 health professionals actively involved in informing as many people as possible about the great benefits that a daily consumption of nuts and dried fruit can bring to human health. Among the activities dedicated to doctors there is the forwarding of newsletters and materials that can be obtained directly on the website www.nucisitalia.it.

As for the media, during this season a large amount of attention will be given to the new element of the year, the roadshow “Nuts. For a more active life”. It is a real tour that will invade the high streets of some Italian cities. In this case, too, the initiative aims at promoting the nutritional

richness of nuts and dried fruit, which offer a lot of variety, satisfy all tastes and is ideal as a snack, perfect for every moment of the day.

The roadshow has been designed to impress.

In fact, Nucis’ promoters will drive customized vehicles through the city streets, which will immediately capture the attention of passers-by.

Every vehicle will be provided with a nut dispenser and fruits will be offered in little customized paper cups. The choice of the paper cup is not accidental; it represents exactly the right amount of nuts to be consumed every day.

In addition to this movement and interaction with the consumer, to further impress the passerby, a fixed location will be set up in the main squares in the city centres. Members of the public and visitors will be able to stop by and not only collect informational material, but also have fun with the anamorphic carpet, a tool that plays with perspective and optical illusion, allowing them to take pictures and selfies that are fun to share on social media. Color, involvement and staging an event that is out of the ordinary are the key ingredients that will guarantee a good return in terms of presence in the local news and in trade news organizations, not to mention a powerful buzz effect on the Internet.

Another fundamental part of Nucis Italia’s campaign is represented by the activity that will be carried out at the points of sale of modern distribution. We are talking about setting up 2,500 supermarkets every year, between Autumn and Spring, totalling over 40 million contacts. This year, all attention will be focused on the distinctive charachteristics of each fruit and the various benefits that they bring to each different type of consumer, with particular reference to young people, students and those who love doing sports.

Lastly, Nucis Italia’s campaign simply cannot do without ‘exploiting’ social media and the Italian people’s passion for digital instruments and sharing experiences. This is the reason why all the initiatives described above will always have a life of their own on the Internet too, through games, news and a constantly active website that is set to become a point of reference in the world of nuts and dried fruit.

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Industry News

IMPORTANCE OF SUPPORTING NUTRITION EXPERTS

N

ucis Germany is often asked for teaching material and teaching concepts by nutrition experts. We consider the aim of convincing nutrition experts that nut consumption is very favorable for human health to have been largely achieved.

Beside experienced professionals, every year young professionals start their career.

Both groups are constantly provided with the favorable outcomes of new studies on health and nut consumption. Thus, the topic "nuts" is always kept present with them.

Additionally, Nucis Germany supports nutrition experts by developing their own teaching material for their patients. Since the individual patients, and patient groups, are very different, it makes little sense to address them all in the same way and with the same information.

Not all patients have the same requirements and no two health professionals are the same.

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The main difficulty which is often described is, ‘How do I get from an empty sheet to a convincing teaching concept?’ Only by having a convincing concept is it possible to create awareness among patients of the importance of a healthy diet containing nuts, which may, over time, have a positive influence on their eating habits.

We encourage nutritionists to become aware of their strengths. It is recommended to consider in which of the seminars they have attended they learned the most and which they remember positively.

Only a nutrition consultant who feels safe and comfortable with patients can be convincing. Patients have a keen sense of whether a speaker is convinced of what they are talking about or whether they’re simply being given a list of memorized facts. We provide some key points that should be taken

into consideration in order to help with the structure. Nucis Germany offers a wide range of information for health professionals.

Additionally, we recommend the information that is provided by our partners, e.g. The Facebook site of Horticulture Australia,

Not all patients have the same requirements and no two health professionals are the same. where a video was recently published about the life of macadamia nuts https://www.facebook. com/AustralianMacadamiasDE And the website of American Pistachio Growers, who published a video with facts about pistachios. http://www.americanpistachios.de

Industry News

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Industry News

SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION: CHILENUT’S SELF-IMPOSED CHALLENGE FOR FACING THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WALNUT INDUSTRY

C

hile is the undisputed fruit-producing leader of the Southern Hemisphere, with ample capacity for satisfying the demand of international markets thanks to the early uptake of new varieties and the incorporation of Best Agricultural Practices into their processes, as well as food innocuousness standards, technology and the modernization of their orchards. These are all self-imposed challenges for the industry and they have all been dealt with successfully, allowing Chile to maintain its prestige and its place as world leader.

Today, the country has posed a new challenge for itself: to produce in a way that is sustainable and friendly towards the environment and the workers who operate within the industry. This is a challenge to increase both quality and competitiveness, anticipating the changes required by the market and consumers.

For all these reasons, back in 2015, Chile’s Ministry of Agriculture – through its Office of Agricultural Studies and Policies (ODEPA) – responded to the challenge of “promoting a competitive agro-food sector based on environmental, social and economic sustainability” by developing a Sustainable Agriculture Protocol, which contains common principles and criteria for the promotion of minimum performance levels associated with these issues.

In a joint effort with the Association of Walnut Producers and Exporters, CHILENUT, a sustainability standard was developed for the nut production and export sector in response to the worldwide acknowledgement of the need to generate industries that employ sustainable practices in three key areas: the environment, producing without degrading the environment and the industry’s workers; the social aspect, in order to ensure that every part of the chain involved in the business benefits fairly; and the economic aspect, to make sure that benefits are sustained over time.

In the case of production, principles and measures that could be incorporated into production itself are being considered, although a specific portion is devoted specifically to the planting process, including measures to deal exclusively with this stage in order to take into account the aspects that will have constant repercussions for orchard sustainability.

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This standard contains the following principles: The production process in the field is the key process for any agricultural business. It is during this period that the production’s potential performance and quality is established or defined, the two aspects that later determine profitability. But this period also accounts for how long the economic activity will last over time, and therefore, taking care of the aspects related to environmental and social sustainability become more important than ever.

The sustainable agriculture principles covered by this standard are: 1. Monitoring water resources (quality and efficiency) 2. Respect for human rights, working conditions and social protection 3. Waste management 4. Management and application of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) 5. Innocuousness management and traceability 6. Relationship with local communities 7. Management of biodiversity and ecosystem services 8. Energy management (efficiency and NCRE) 9. Soil management and conservation 10. Commercial development

CHILENUT is also working on reaching a Clean Production Agreement (CPA), for which it has joined forces with the Chilean Walnut Commission, whose members represent a number of different dried fruit traders, thus including the industry’s entire process chain, from producers, to processors, to exporters. This signifies a cultural shift in terms of how to produce sustainably without impacting the environment (a concept that is deeply ingrained in younger generations), where everyone involved in the sector can reap the benefits while satisfying external market demands.

Chilean customers will be able to recognize fruit produced under sustainable conditions through a distinctive seal that will certify that the fruit in question complies with the standards developed under this premise.

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Edition 72. Nยบ 3

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THE INC PAVILION BOOSTS THE VISIBILITY OF THE NUT & DRIED FRUIT SECTOR AT ANUGA 2017 Page 55

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GLOBAL TRANSITIONS SUGARS AND WILL DRIVE TREE NUT TRADITIONAL EXPORT POTENTIAL DRIED FRUITS: Page 26 NO REASON FOR CONCERN Page 28

PESTICIDES: FUTURE CHALLENGES AND HOW TO MANAGE THE ISSUE TO AVOID NEGATIVE IMPACT ON TRADE Page 30

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