OAO TechMag Issue 3: Innovation

THE POWER OF COLLABORATION

HOW TO FOSTER INNOVATION ACROSS TEAMS

BISWADEEP CHATTERJEE

IS TODAY’S CIO THE CEO’S BEST FRIEND

BAKANG MOETSE

ETHICAL AI IN AFRICA: AN AFROCENTRIC APPROACH

PROFESSOR RANDALL CAROLISSEN

LEADERSHIP IN A BRITTLE, ANXIOUS, NON-LINEAR & INCOMPREHENSIBLE (BANI) WORLD

ACCELERATING THE ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN AFRICA

ontents

Professor Randall Carolissen

Artificial intelligence, data governance and private law

Ola Fadiran

Africa’s Technological Renaissance

Bakang Moetse

How to Use AI for SDG

Biswadeep Chatterjee

ditor’s Note E

In recent years, Africa has emerged as a dynamic hub of technological innovation, with a growing emphasis on harnessing the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to drive progress across various sectors. This shift marks a significant departure from traditional narratives of Africa as a passive recipient of technological advancements, instead positioning the continent as an active participant and contributor to the global digital landscape. The adoption of AI in Africa holds immense promise for addressing long-standing challenges and unlocking new opportunities for

development. From healthcare and agriculture to finance and education, AI-powered solutions have the potential to revolutionise existing systems, making them more efficient, accessible, and inclusive.

However, the journey towards realising the full potential of AI in Africa is not without its obstacles. Limited infrastructure, inadequate digital skills, and regulatory barriers pose significant hurdles to widespread adoption. Addressing these challenges requires a concerted effort from governments, businesses, and civil society to invest in building the necessary technological infrastructure, fostering digital literacy, and creating an enabling environment for innovation to thrive. Moreover, it is essential to ensure that the benefits of AI are equitably distributed across society, particularly in marginalised communities. By prioritising inclusivity and diversity in AI development and deployment, Africa can avoid exacerbating existing inequalities and instead leverage technology as a tool for social and economic empowerment.

As Africa continues on its journey towards embracing AI and emerging as a leader in technological innovation, it is imperative to recognize that success will hinge not only on the adoption of cutting-edge technologies but also on the cultivation of a supportive ecosystem that nurtures creativity, collaboration, and entrepreneurship.

In this rapidly evolving digital landscape, Africa has the opportunity to chart its own course, leveraging the transformative power of AI to shape a brighter, more prosperous future for its people. By embracing innovation and fostering a culture of technological entrepreneurship, Africa can position itself at the forefront of the global AI revolution, driving sustainable development and prosperity for generations to come.

Digital Content Producer

Aphiwe Sabela

Art Director

Zamokuhle Aja-Okorie Graphic Designers

Erin Van Aswegen

ENQUIRIES: info@oaoinvestments.com

EXECUTIVE TEAM

Founder & MD

Zamokuhle Aja-okorie Marketing Projects CSI MaKGANO MLABA

EDUCATION RANDALL CAROLISSEN

Leadership in a BRITTLE, ANXIOUS, NON-LINEAR & INCOMPREHENSIBLE (BANI) WORLD

Poor mathematics education has multifaceted and often unanticipated long-term adverse consequences that can significantly impact a country's economy and business leadership capabilities. With the strong paradigmatic shift towards smart societies globally, investment in quality mathematics and science education across all levels of leadership has become imperative for the establishment of an appropriately skilled workforce, fostering innovation, and to achieve inclusive economic growth and global competitiveness.

However, South Africa is way behind the curve. The 2019 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) paints a worrisome picture with the country’s grade nine learners scoring second lowest in mathematics, and worst for science, of the 39 countries that participated in the study. This dismal performance in critical skills does not bode well for the development of future fit skills in general, and more concerning, for future fit leadership.

Since time immemorial mathematical models, developed through “blue sky” research, provided the theoretical underpinning for human advancement and ultimately global prosperity that propelled humanity through successive industrial revolutions and global ideological shifts. The BANI (Brittle, Anxious, Non-linear and Incomprehensible) world that manifested itself during and post-Covid is exactly the milieu

in which probabilistic theory, defines the sophistication in numeracy that is now expected and demanded from aspiring leaders.

The BANI model seeks to build and improve on the VUCA model, which initially found favour in early 2000’s when the world was confronted with the dot.com bubble and the 2008 financial crisis. VUCA focused on volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. The BANI model, on the other hand, prescribes that leaders must embrace complexity and navigate changing environments with resilience, identify and assess risks dynamically, make decisions quickly and accurately so as remain ahead of the curve and focused on goals in the face of adversity.

Fortuitously so, there are well-tested mathematical theorems and theories available to move leadership from the current prevalent clockwork and outdated Newtonian mindset premised on predictability, order, and reductionism, to that appropriate for dealing with non-linearity and dynamism. An article published by Harvard Business Review in 2020 by Mike Walsh, entitled: “Develop a ‘Probabilistic’ Approach to Managing Uncertainty” encourages decisive engagement using the Bayesian mathematical model when exercising leadership under conditions of uncertainty.

As early as 1763, Thomas Bayes, an English statistician, proposed a theorem that would

change the way the world would deal with managing decisions under conditions of ambiguity. Bayes was piqued by how the world should respond when new but unproven evidence presents itself. Bayesian theory allows an update of knowledge by incorporating new, relevant information as it becomes available and found application in code-breaking, which turned the tide in World War II against Nazi Germany, when Alan Turing cracked the German Enigma codes.

More recently, Bayesian theories laid the theoretical framework that informed algorithms in the design of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques and have become increasingly relevant to modern business leaders managing complexity due to their ability to handle uncertainty, make informed decisions, and optimise resources effectively.

The Bayesian method, grounded in probabilistic theory, deals with random events and provides a framework for quantifying and analysing the likelihood of various outcomes occurring. It is a fundamental tool for making decisions under uncertainty, understanding the behaviour of complex systems, and is applicable across the full spectrum of executive leadership in effectively responding to the dynamism of human interactions.

Mathematics offers business leaders a systematic and analytical approach to decision-making, data analysis, problem-solving, risk management, and strategic planning. Optimisation techniques, linear programming, game theory, and decision analysis

are just some of the examples of mathematical approaches that assist leaders in making informed choices.

At Amazon one of the 14 Leadership principles is “Have Backbone; Disagree and Commit”, a strategy to encourage leaders to avoid wasting time trying to secure universal agreement and rather commit to a controversial decision, then gather data and adjust if necessary. At X, Alphabet’s moonshot factory which was founded by Google in 2010 as a semi-secret research and development facility, failed projects are celebrated as a new data point that will accelerate innovation. And at Spotify,

“

THE DEMANDS ON MATHEMATICS WILL ACCELERATE AS THE AI ERA PROGRESSES, NECESSITATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF BEHAVIOURAL PARADIGMS AND FINANCIAL METRICS THAT SPEAK TO INTANGIBLES, SUCH AS CREATIVITY AND SUBCONSCIOUS INFLUENCES, TO DRIVE INFORMED DECISIONMAKING AND STRATEGIC PLANNING

a framework for exploring the relationship between data and uncertainty that they call DIBB (Data, Insights, Beliefs, and Bets) has been developed. They use it to explicitly identify success metrics for new ideas and opportunities and create a common language around judging performance.

The demands on mathematics will accelerate as the AI era progresses. Economists are developing behavioural paradigms to systemically understand how the subconscious mind can be brought to bear on macro events such as the financial crisis, bubble formation and buy and sell triggers. Financial managers must introduce financial metrics speaking to intangibles such as the creativity of employees in the valuation of companies. Human Resource managers must understand that traditional employer/employee relationships have been eroded as geographic boundaries disappear and workers are able to carry missioncritical Intellectual Property with them. Marketing managers must tap into the subconsciousness of clients and move up the ladder to prescriptive analytics.

Being an open economy, South Africa is facing a very unsure and diffracted view of the future.

Troubled by widening inequality, compounded by fractious politics, and increasing social disharmony across class and geographical demographics, mastery of mathematical tools resilient to uncertainty and non-linearity are non-negotiables for South African leadership.

The South Africa government is therefore compelled to prioritise the drastic improvement of mathematics and science education, support research and development, and actively foster a culture of scientific inquiry and innovation. By doing so, we will elevate inclusive economic growth, foster entrepreneurship, leverage the advantages of smart societies, and reach competitiveness levels in the global economy concomitant with a BANI world.

ubscriptions & Advertising S

For subscriptions:

Scan the QR code or Call +27 87 265 5406 Monday-Thursday 9am-4pm CAT

Email publishing@oaoinvestments.com or subscribe online at www.oaoinvestments.com/publishing SUBSCRIBE to OAOTechMag. Enjoy every issue delivered to you.

Advertising

Looking to expand your footprint to our stakeholders? Place your brand in OAOTechMag

For advertising:

Contact advertising@oaoinvestments.com

View our media kit www.oaoinvestments.com/oaotech/ oaotechmag/

OLA FADIRAN

Pioneering the Future: AFRICA’S TECHNOLOGICAL RENAISSANCE

USA

In the vibrant landscape of Africa's technological evolution, one individual stands as a guiding light, propelling the continent into the realm of cutting-edge innovation. Meet Ola Fadiran, ChipLab’s CEO and founder, a visionary entrepreneur whose journey from humble beginnings to trailblazing innovation at ChipLab exemplifies the transformative power of technology, entrepreneurial spirit, and unwavering dedication to shaping a brighter future for Africa.

A Visionary's Odyssey

Ola Fadiran's educational odyssey commenced in Nigeria, where a profound affection for mathematics and physics set the stage for his academic ascent that led to national and continental academic recognitions. Pursuing Electrical Electronics and Physics at Central Michigan University marked the genesis of a profound technical foundation. Furthering his quest, he delved deeper, earning a Masters degree in Computer Architecture, VLSI Circuits, and Analog Circuits at the University of Southern California.

Fadiran's professional voyage took flight through pivotal roles in microchip design and architecture at Intel Corporation, followed by a diverse spectrum of responsibilities encompassing Systems on Chip (SoC) design, project management, and sales and marketing at Boeing. This fusion of technical prowess and business acumen became the catalyst for his subsequent pursuit—an MBA at USC—to navigate the complex nexus of technology and commerce.

Innovation: The Heartbeat of ChipLab

At ChipLab, Fadiran and his team recognised the burgeoning demand catalysed by the explosion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications across diverse industries. They didn't just adapt to this

change; they led the charge, weaving AI intricately into their processes. For them, integrating AI into microchip design wasn't merely a timely move; it was an imperative stride towards technological innovation leadership.

"We're committed to not just keeping pace but leading the charge in innovating AI hardware solutions that empower and advance the current technological revolution," says Fadiran, epitomising the visionary leadership steering ChipLab's trajectory.

Cultivating a Skilled Workforce: Partnerships and Collaborations

Fadiran's journey embodies a profound synergy with Africa's potential—abundant not only in raw materials for microchip fabrication but also in human ingenuity. His mission drives the innovation potential of Africa's youth, targeting a 60% representation of women, imparting high-tech skills in microchip design, coding, and fabrication. Through initiatives like ChipLab Academy and strategic educational partnerships with various tertiary institutions and industry giants like Cadence they're laying the groundwork for a selfreliant, tech-driven Africa. The curriculum, is codeveloped. It merges contextual African needs with global industry benchmarks. It's project-based, ensuring trainees gain hands-on experience and skills necessary to innovate and excel in the field of microchip design.

Partnerships, notably with South Africa’s OAO Investments, serve as pivotal cornerstones where access to capital and strategic insights is crucial, shaping ChipLab's trajectory. ChipLab and OAO Investments have established a South African Joint Venture (JV) known as OAO ChipLab. This JV extends beyond mere investment, aiming to align with the mission of fostering a robust

semiconductor industry pioneering and nurturing Africa's technological sovereignty.

South African JV, OAO ChipLabOla Fadiran ChipLab CoFounder and CEO with Zamokuhle Aja-Okorie, OAO Investments Managing Director

ChipLab has also forged a strategic partnership with SmartSoC Solutions, a prominent entity based in India. This collaboration aims to enhance ChipLab’s design services by integrating robust global technological expertise from SmartSoC Solutions.

"Our vision is to transform Africa into a global leader in the semiconductor industry, leveraging our natural and human resources to their fullest potential," Fadiran elucidates, shedding light on ChipLab's transformative impact.

Diversified Revenue Streams

ChipLab boasts a diversified revenue portfolio spanning design services, microchip product sales, educational programs, and potential IP licensing. As the company expands its market reach and introduces new services, these revenue streams are anticipated to evolve, propelling their growth trajectory.

A Call to Bold Innovation

Fadiran envisions innovative AI technologies as more than mere tools—they're transformative catalysts for African enterprises.

Embracing AI isn't just about keeping up; it's about propelling into the future, fostering accelerated/quantum growth, and empowering African businesses to compete/collaborate favourably and excel in the global marketplace.

"Boldly leapfrog into the future," advises Fadiran, urging aspiring innovators eyeing Africa's tech horizon to seek genuine problems for resolution, laying the groundwork for a robust and sustainable tech ecosystem on the continent.

Semiconductor Fabrication: A Game-Changer

ChipLab's emergence marks a pivotal moment in Africa's technological evolution, poised to reshape the continent's GDP and inspire a wave of innovation. The OAO ChipLab JV will pave the way for the establishment of the first of its kind microchip manufacturing plant in Africa. This partnership’s foray into microchip design and fabrication sets the stage for a surge in critical sectors like IoT, agritech, health tech, and data centres— nurturing not just economic growth but altering the life trajectories of African youth enabling holistic quantum growth.

"Our impact isn't just about economic uplift; it's about fostering socio-economic transformation, where every chip designed and every technology developed has a human story,. It's about altering the life trajectories of African youth, enabling them to build prosperous futures for themselves and their families" Fadiran reflects, emphasising the ESG consciousness ingrained in ChipLab's innovations.

Seed Round That Catalyses Growth and Expansion

To change the game and catalyse its growth and expansion, ChipLab has embarked on a seed round that transcends a mere capital injection;

it embodies the lifeblood driving their ambitious mission to proliferate microchip education, design and fabrication across Africa while concurrently executing extensive workforce development services in the United States and India. This funding stands as a cornerstone, nurturing the burgeoning global microchip market and empowering ChipLab to expand operations, reinforce research and development initiatives, and extend its transformative impact globally. This funding round aims to catalyse the forthcoming phase of growth, enabling ChipLab to fortify its position as a leader in microchip design services and a facilitator of high-tech skill development.

ChipLab's Path Ahead

As ChipLab navigates its path forward, Fadiran envisions not just a new chapter but an African technological renaissance on the global arena. Their focus extends beyond borders, nurturing a microchip design ecosystem in Africa and fostering workforce development in Africa, India and the United States. ChipLab's commitment is to design intelligent systems that leave a lasting imprint, uplifting lives across continents and making a substantial impact on the global economy and society.

Ola Fadiran's visionary leadership and ChipLab's ground breaking strides exemplify a narrative of innovation and strategic partnerships that transcends boundaries, redefining Africa's technological footprint and shaping a future where technology doesn't just evolve—it transforms vast lives. This journey isn't merely about technology; it's about pioneering a legacy of innovation that resonates across generations, etching an indelible mark on Africa's quest for technological sovereignty and global eminence.

EMPOWERING AFRICA'S YOUTH

A Catalyst for Economic Growth and Technological Renaissance

AFRICA'S PROJECTED POPULATION DOUBLING TO 2.5 BILLION WITHIN 25 YEARS, WITH A MEDIAN AGE OF 19, CONTRASTS SHARPLY WITH DECLINING BIRTH RATES ELSEWHERE, EMPHASISING THE NEED FOR ORGANISATIONS TO EMPOWER AFRICA'S YOUTHFUL POTENTIAL

Africa, a continent pulsating with youthful energy, holds the promise of an economic renaissance and a technological revolution. As the cradle of the world's youngest population, the prospects for innovation and economic growth are unparalleled. This demographic surge isn't merely a statistic; it's the cornerstone of Africa's destiny—a force waiting to be unleashed by visionary businesses and leaders.

In the realm of economic progression, Africa's youthful population isn't just a mere workforce; it's a powerhouse of innovation and potential. With the right investments in education, skills development, and technological infrastructure, this dynamic demographic presents an unrivalled opportunity to drive transformative growth across industries.

However, this promise isn't without its challenges. Youth unemployment remains a pressing issue—a hurdle that can stifle the potential benefits of this demographic dividend. High unemployment rates among the

youth can thwart progress, leading to social discontent and hindering the very innovation and growth that this demographic promises.

To harness the boundless potential of Africa's youth, businesses must embark on a journey of investment and transformation. Embracing this youthful vigour involves empowering the youth through education, training, and cultivating an environment conducive to entrepreneurship and innovation.

Technology, especially artificial intelligence (AI), emerges as a catalyst in leveraging Africa's demographic dividend. Its integration into various sectors not only streamlines operations but also creates avenues for new opportunities. AI-driven innovation holds the key to catering to the burgeoning demands of a youthful consumer market.

For businesses to capitalise on this demographic dividend, it's imperative to initiate upskilling initiatives within their organizations. Equipping the youth with the necessary skills to navigate the evolving technological

landscape is an investment in a future-ready workforce. By embracing diversity and inclusivity in the workplace, businesses tap into the ingenuity and fresh perspectives of young minds, fostering a culture of innovation and growth.

The time has come for businesses to heed the call of Africa's youthful potential. It's a clarion call to invest in education, create opportunities, and foster an ecosystem that nurtures innovation. By leveraging this demographic dividend and harnessing the power of technology, businesses can chart a course towards sustained growth, driving economic prosperity that resonates globally.

Africa's youthful population isn't just a statistic; it's a transformative force waiting to be harnessed. The convergence of this demographic dividend with technological innovation is the linchpin of the continent's future prosperity. It's time for businesses to seize this moment, to embrace the potential of the youth, and to embark on a journey towards a future where Africa's innovation echoes across the globe. 15

Developing an ETHICAL, AFROCENTRIC APPROACH TO AI IN AFRICA, FOR AFRICA

WE DELVE INTO THE INTRICATE LANDSCAPE OF AI DEPLOYMENT IN AFRICA, GUIDED BY AN ETHOS OF ETHICAL AND EQUITABLE ADVANCEMENT. THIS INSIGHTFUL PIECE NAVIGATES THROUGH THE COMPLEXITIES OF DEVELOPING AN AFROCENTRIC APPROACH TO AI IN AFRICA, FOR AFRICA. FROM DISCUSSING THE DISRUPTIVE POTENTIAL OF AI ACROSS VARIOUS SECTORS TO HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPERATIVE OF ADDRESSING DEMOGRAPHIC, INEQUALITY, INFRASTRUCTURE, AND REGULATORY CHALLENGES, THIS ARTICLE SERVES AS A BEACON FOR INCLUSIVE INNOVATION.

Observing the rate of adoption and innovation in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies It is almost unimaginable to consider that in the not-so-distant past could not be considered as mainstream. In fact, it can be argued that it was not until the COVID-19 pandemic that a fertile incubation ground for widespread adoption was created, resulting from the nature and scale of unprecedented constraints businesses and individuals were faced with, that needed solutions. Fast-forward a year, or three, beyond the onset of the pandemic the mainstreaming of generative AI tools such as Chat-GPT, especially in the Western world, has led to monumental disruption of systems, markets and industries in ways previously unseen.

Widespread AI Adoption Has Led To Widespread Disruption

This disruption can be witnessed across the board, from Academia where institutions are rethinking their pedagogical approaches in light of generative AI’s ability to produce academic writing, all the way to healthcare where hospitals are leveraging AI to deliver better patient care as well as optimize hospital management systems. Beyond the vertical disruption linked to specific sectors, it is of course important to consider the disruption that occurs horizontally across systems and markets, such as job displacement in the labour market along with emergent prospects to create new jobs and industries through AI. Linked to this we also ought to consider how people, communities and population groups might be impacted by AI adoption to ultimately determine how we embed equity and ethical considerations into the inevitable deployment of AI. In tandem with

the excitement around the prospects AI may hold for economies, the holistic impact of its deployment on people must be regarded carefully. Whilst AI adoption, and the consequent disruption created, are globally relevant, it is critical to understand that truly ethical and equitable deployment of AI will require contextualised approaches that consider geographic and economic idiosyncrasies. Simply put, a cookie-cutter approach to AI deployment will not cut it.

WHILST AI ADOPTION, AND THE CONSEQUENT DISRUPTION CREATED, ARE GLOBALLY RELEVANT, IT IS CRITICAL TO UNDERSTAND THAT TRULY ETHICAL AND EQUITABLE DEPLOYMENT OF AI WILL REQUIRE CONTEXTUALISED APPROACHES THAT CONSIDER GEOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC IDIOSYNCRASIES. “

Why An Afrocentric Approach Is Critical For The Ethical Adoption Of Ai In Africa

According to the IMF, emerging markets and lower-income economies, such as those that characterise the majority of the African continent currently lag behind in AI adoption. This is due to factors such as variant levels of labour market exposure to AI due to the dominant skills in the labour force within more developed economies versus others, along with differing levels of digital infrastructure and access to digital skills. Whilst the laggard status faced by lower income and emerging market economies in Africa may be viewed as a disadvantage by some,

there does exists an opportunity to transmute this fact into an advantage. To achieve this Africa can leverage the policy and application lessons already learned in economies with more experience in AI deployment, both positive and negative, in order to develop approaches that are suited for Africa’s unique economic and cultural contexts. Making mention once more of the varying fundamental differences in economic structures, an intricate understanding of these is necessary to accurately distinguish the transferrable elements of AI policies and frameworks across regions. Painting an illustrative hypothetical of the point’s salience, a policymaker addressing the impact of AI on employment in a developed economy with an ageing population would likely formulate a vastly different approach to a counterpart in the context of a primarily youthful economy with high unemployment. In view of this, it can be argued that Africa’s approach to AI must be just thatAfrican – and it must account for the realities such as high unemployment, low digital skill penetration and others. This is whilst simultaneously harnessing the richness of potential for developing AI applications that solve African challenges whilst also creating economic value for the continent.

A Few Key Considerations For The Just Deployment of AI In Africa

Whilst the endeavour to develop approach to AI in the African context will be multifactorial, there are certain considerations without which such an endeavour would battle to succeed, especially from an ethics and

equity perspective. To offer a starting point, four factors that can be considered as key for the Africa’s AI deployment journey are:

Our Demographic Dividend And Its Potential:

Africa is the most youthful continent, with almost 70 per cent of its population reported to be under 35 years. An ethical approach to AI deployment must have the objective of creating opportunities for and avoiding mass short-term displacement of jobs for the purposes of social cohesion. Further, such an approach would require effective strategies for the equitable dissemination of digital skills and knowledge to prepare African youth to participate in an AIinfluenced economy.

Our Prevalent High-Levels Of Inequality:

With the African continent being home to seven of twenty of the countries with the highest ginicoefficients in the world as at 2019, and inequality being widely prevalent on the continent over recent years, an ethics and inclusivity-driven approach must be rigorous in its understanding of how AI deployment in Africa may exacerbate existing inequalities to effectively limit such an eventuality. This should be paired with deliberate efforts and structures to incentivize the deployment of AI technologies geared towards reducing prevailing inequalities.

Our Digital Infrastructure Stock And How Widely Accessible It Is:

For Africa to take advantage of the opportunities presented by AI, investment into increasing the stock of digital infrastructure must become a priority. Additionally, policies and initiatives to ensure

inclusive access to this infrastructure to all citizens, especially those currently underserved should be employed.

Our Legal And Regulatory System And Whether They Are Fit For Purpose:

To ensure the safeguarding of the interests of African people, legal and regulatory systems must be adapted to manage the complexity and agility required to effectively manage the deployment of AI on the continent. Careful thought should also be applied to how the reinforced systems protect those most vulnerable to adverse impacts of AI and how bad actors in the space are held accountable.

Though not nearly exhaustive, these considerations at the very least might offer a point of departure for convening consequential conversations around formulating an approach to the deployment of AI that progressively benefits more Africans in a holistically meaningful and just manner. The

Irony That Sums It All Up

To sum it all up, the irony of the advancement of AI, an inherently complex technological concept, is that it ultimately boils down to a very fundamental, yet relatable issue - and that is the issue of humanity. Thus, for all of us who love this continent, are committed to its prosperity, and wish to uphold its regard for our shared humanity, Ubuntu: may we apply ourselves to think about the role we can play in the ethical and equitable advancement of AI in Africa, for all Africans.

As we embark on this journey towards ethical and equitable AI advancement in Africa, it is imperative that we collectively strive to integrate our diverse perspectives, experiences, and

expertise. How can we ensure that the deployment of AI technologies in Africa empowers and benefits all members of our communities while safeguarding against potential inequalities and injustices?

Botswana-born, Bakang Moetse is a Pan-Africanist at heart. A seasoned professional with a diverse background spanning banking, academia, impact investing, and corporate innovation. Currently serving as Africa Lead at Innovest Advisory, Bakang's expertise lies in designing impact strategies for Investments Funds and Corporations, driving social, economic, and environmental development across the continent.

With extensive experience in strategic project management and impact-focused roles, Bakang's career journey reflects her unwavering commitment to sustainable development and social justice. Beyond her professional endeavours, Bakang actively contributes to the entrepreneurial ecosystem through coaching, speaking engagements, and youth development initiatives. As a board member of EMI Global and the Chairperson of Agriseed Capital, Bakang continues to drive positive change, bridging the gap between finance, innovation, and social impact in Africa.

Additionally, she is a writer, podcaster, co-founder of Minds For Tomorrow, a youth development NPO in Botswana, and is an alumna of the Young African Leader's Initiative (YALI) Program.

BISWADEEP CHATTERJEE

Is today’s CIO the CEO’S BESTFRIEND? INDIA

Going by textbook definition, the Chief Information Officer (CIO) is primarily responsible for crafting the overall computing strategy including procuring, managing and implementing information technology (IT) systems. The focus has long been on ensuring that technology supports day-to-day business operations and long-term objectives and is primarily internally focused, dealing with IT systems, applications, network and data management.

However, over the years, with the advent of a host of new technological breakthroughs in the IT infrastructure and enterprise space like 5G and Edge, CIOs have long shed their inward focused roles and have started championing the cause of “digital transformation” in the organisation. In this process, they have been elevated to a strategist tasked with identifying and utilising technologies that optimise business processes, elevate customer experiences, and foster innovation. In that process, they has now not only found a place in the executive table but has the ears and the mindshare of the CEO.

In the earlier days of computing, even before the term CIO was coined, the industry had IT directors or managers who were primarily focused on the day-to-day

upkeep of the corporate IT infrastructure. The actual title “chief information officer” dates back to the early 1980s, with its coining often credited to American organisational theorists William R. Synnott and William H. Gruber. In the 1980s, CIOs were mainly highly skilled system administrators and/ or developers who, in the era of personal computer and distributed computing, were more focused on operational efficiency.

The dot-com boom provided more opportunities for CIOs to shine as business strategists and thought leaders critical to the enterprise’s success. The CIO's attention was then turned to enabling effective decentralised information systems and standardising business processes to make their organisations more globally efficient. By 2010, CIOs were grappling with new challenges like cloud adoption, cyber security, sustainability and data analytics. Business leaders had started demanding that CIOs play a more strategic and a ‘value generator’ role – at times even steering business designs. Data was suddenly at the centre of business and CIOs were custodians of the “data”.

Modern CIOs need to be keenly focused on customers, revenuegenerating technological solutions, and innovative methods to reduce organisational risk. They need to provide their company with a path

forward that leverages technology to increase speed to market, enhance customer experience, and reduce cybersecurity risks to enterprise data resources. A CIO continuously searches for new solutions and disruptive trends in computing that will further benefit the business. Being at the forefront of introducing IoT based sensing and actuation, ‘digital twins’ (virtual representations of physical systems) and augmented and virtual reality, their role often fuses with that of a CTO. They are also trying to maximise the use of advanced analytics solutions, introduce AI/ ML-based decision-making systems, enable an always-on seamless customer experience and champion the cause of a globally dispersed yet collaborative workforce – all of these domains are weaved around “data” and hence, the CIO often dons the hat of a “Chief Data Officer” (CDO).

Surprisingly, Deloitte’s Innovation Study 2021 found that 80% of CIOs feel that they are driving their companies’ innovation efforts. That means the CIO must understand the business’s goals and the technologies or processes needed to achieve those goals, and then guide the organisation through the changes required to adopt and successfully integrate those technologies. This is a big shift in last 4 decades from the originally

How to create business advantage & long-term value?

Do we know our customers as well as we know technology

conceived role of a CIO as a ‘backroom person’. No wonder, metrics on which a CIO was traditionally evaluated by the Board like ‘uptime’ and ‘utilisation’ have now been replaced by “data agility and availability” and cost per unit transaction.

Clearly, what the Gen Z+ CIOs have brought to the table is a push for not just problem-solving but envisioning and evangelising the art of what’s possible. Hence, successful CIOs have upskilled the IT department to function as a team of business advisors who constantly engage with department heads, providing proactive guidance and solutions to improve efficiency and reach company goals. Through those envisioning sessions and working closely with the business units, IT has now become a trusted business partner. “I’m probably invited to every brainstorming session we have — whether product development or product naming — anything where they want to get people in a room and brainstorm about a problem,” confides the CIO of a global ISV. No wonder, in some places, CIOs have started reanointing themselves as “Chief Technology Empowering Officer”.

It is no surprise that CIOs now sit at the topmost level executive table. They must have oversight on how strategic priorities like innovation, enhanced performance, and security should be delivered to customers

What is the ideal IT strategy for an organisation & how to drive it

ensure that employees adapt to change without feeling overwhelmed

and shareholders while ultimately contributing toward a sense of trust. Several organisations have changed their hierarchy structure and have the CIO role report directly to the CEO rather than to the COO. Customers are digital beings, products and services have a non-negotiable digital interface, and CIOs are in a unique position to influence broad business decisions and product strategies.

Biswadeep Chatterjee has 27+ years of industry experience in the domains of VLSI Structural Design, VLSI CAD, Distributed Computing Software development, High Performance Computing Architecture and Global Operations catering to semiconductor product lines including 18 years of people and program management experience. Currently, he is part of semiconductor arm of HCL Technologies leading their Digital Design Practice.

Prior to joining HCL, Biswadeep have worked with companies like Texas Instruments, Intel Corporation and Qualcomm. In Intel, Biswadeep was an Engineering Director and responsible for leading Physical Design activities in Ethernet Product Group.

In his spare time, Biswadeep works with select NGOs on ‘livelihood generation’. He is a passionate educator and is collaborating with multiple universities on enriching VLSI ecosystem in India.

CUSTOMERS ARE DIGITAL BEINGS, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES HAVE A NONNEGOTIABLE DIGITAL INTERFACE, AND CIOS ARE IN A UNIQUE POSITION TO INFLUENCE BROAD BUSINESS DECISIONS AND PRODUCT STRATEGIES

Bridging the Gap: From Educator to TECH INNOVATOR

In the vibrant landscape of technology, stories of transformation and innovation often emerge from unexpected quarters. Bulelwa Antonie's journey from educator to tech innovator is a testament to the power of inspiration, determination, and self-discovery. Rooted in the heart of South Africa, her narrative encapsulates the essence of bridging the gap between education and technology while championing diversity and empowerment.

The Spark of Inspiration

Bulelwa's story unfolds against the backdrop of Mfuleni, Western Cape, where she found herself immersed in the annual workshops of BabesGotBytes. It was here that the seeds of innovation were sown, igniting a passion for technology and a commitment to empower women in the tech industry. Inspired by the vibrant energy and enthusiasm of BabesGotBytes, Bulelwa realised her true calling lay at the intersection of education and innovation. "Innovation isn't just a buzzword at BabesGotBytes; it's ingrained in our DNA," shares Bulelwa. "We embrace innovation by constantly seeking out new ideas, technologies, and approaches to improve our operations and strategies."

Empowering Women in Tech

fers sage advice rooted in her own experiences. Encouraging open communication, embracing risk-taking, and investing in continuous learning are paramount. Moreover, maintaining a customer-centric approach and staying adaptable to change are key considerations in navigating the ever-evolving landscape of technology.

Central to Bulelwa's mission is the empowerment of women and girls in the tech industry—a domain often marked by underrepresentation and barriers to entry. With a focus on coding and robotics, she is determined to break down these barriers and pave the way for a more inclusive future. "At BabesGotBytes, our competitive edge lies in our innovative approach to empowering women and girls in the tech industry," Bulelwa emphasises. "We bring a fresh perspective and firsthand understanding of the challenges faced by underrepresented communities in tech."

Addressing Challenges Through Innovation

The journey from educator to innovator has not been without its challenges. Limited access to resources and technology infrastructure posed significant hurdles, hindering the effective implementation of innovative solutions. To overcome these challenges, Bulelwa forged partnerships with local stakeholders and technology companies, ensuring that her programs could reach those in need.

Moreover, adapting innovative teaching methodologies to suit the diverse needs of learners required a concerted effort. Bulelwa

Bulelwa Antonie's journey from educator to innovator serves as a beacon of inspiration for women and aspiring tech enthusiasts worldwide. Through her tireless dedication to empowering women in tech and bridging the gap between education and innovation, she exemplifies the transformative power of passion, perseverance, and purpose.

As Bulelwa looks ahead to the future, she does so with optimism and determination, knowing that she stands at the forefront of a movement poised to shape the future of technology. With BabesGotBytes by her side, she is ready to continue bridging the gap between education and innovation, one innovative idea at a time.

In the ever-expanding universe of technology, Bulelwa Antonie's story reminds us that the most profound innovations often emerge from the most unexpected places. It is through stories like hers that we are reminded of the boundless potential of the human spirit to innovate, inspire, and transform the world around us.

The Ethics of Data Collection BALANCING INNOVATION WITH PRIVACY CONCERNS

In today’s digital age, data collection is an essential aspect of many businesses and organisations. With the rise of big data and artificial intelligence, companies can gain valuable insights into customer behaviour and preferences, allowing them to improve their products and services and stay competitive and become customer centric. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and companies must ensure they are collecting data ethically and balancing innovation with data privacy concerns. The first step towards ethical data collection is transparency. Companies should be transparent about what data they are collecting, how they are collecting it, how it will be used, and who it will be shared with and importantly how it will be secured. This information should be easily accessible and understandable for the average user. Companies should also obtain explicit consent from users before collecting their data, and allow them an option to opt-out at any given time. Another essential aspect of ethical data collection is data security. Companies must take measures to protect users’ personal information from unauthorized access or use. This includes implementing strong security protocols, such as encryption and

firewalls, and regularly monitoring their systems for any suspicious activity. Companies should also have a plan in place in case of a data breach, including notifying affected users (and/or regulatory bodies) including taking steps to prevent future breaches. Furthermore, companies must innovation with data privacy concerns. While data collection can provide valuable insights, it should not come at the expense of users/customers privacy. Companies should limit the amount of data they collect to only what is necessary for their operations and should only share data if they have received concerned from the users, with third parties that have demonstrated a commitment to ethical data collection. In conclusion, ethical data collection is a crucial aspect of modern business operations. Companies must be transparent and respectful of user privacy when collecting and using data. By balancing innovation with privacy concerns, companies can gain valuable insights into customer behaviour and preferences, while maintaining their trust and respect. As we continue to navigate the ever-changing digital landscape, it’s essential that businesses remain committed to ethical data collection practices to ensure a secure and prosperous future for all.

“

BY BALANCING INNOVATION WITH PRIVACY CONCERNS, COMPANIES CAN GAIN VALUABLE INSIGHTS INTO CUSTOMER BEHAVIOUR AND PREFERENCES, WHILE MAINTAINING THEIR TRUST AND RESPECT

GOOD TO GREAT

Navigating Economic Challenges with Timeless Principles

In the dynamic landscape of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), characterised by diverse economies and formidable challenges, the principles outlined in Jim Collins' "Good to Great" offer a beacon of hope for innovation and growth. As the region grapples with economic fragility, climate change, and persistent global uncertainty, the need for transformative solutions has never been more urgent. We explore how African businesses can apply Collins' principles to drive tech innovation, foster economic growth, and overcome the unique challenges facing the continent.

1. Embracing the Hedgehog Concept in Tech Innovation:

In the realm of technology, the Hedgehog Concept holds immense relevance for African businesses seeking to innovate and thrive. By identifying areas of expertise, economic viability, and passion, tech companies can carve out a niche and differentiate themselves in a crowded marketplace.

In Kenya, the company M-Pesa revolutionised mobile payments by identifying the intersection of mobile technology, financial inclusion, and consumer convenience. By focusing on their expertise in mobile telecommunications and addressing the economic viability of providing accessible financial services to the unbanked population, MPesa became a prime example of successful tech innovation grounded in the Hedgehog Concept.

Actionable Strategy:

• Conduct a comprehensive analysis of market trends, consumer needs, and technological advancements to identify areas of opportunity.

• Focus on developing core competencies that align with long-term strategic goals and market demands.

• Invest in research and development to stay ahead of the curve and continuously refine your value proposition.

2. Cultivating a Culture of Tech Innovation: Innovation flourishes in environments that foster creativity, collaboration, and disciplined experimentation. By cultivating a culture of tech innovation, African businesses can unlock the full potential of their workforce and drive sustainable growth in the digital age.

Andela, a tech company based in Nigeria, embodies a culture of innovation by nurturing talent and fostering collaboration among developers across Africa. Through its unique model of distributed teams and continuous learning, Andela empowers African developers to push the boundaries of technology and drive impactful solutions for global challenges.

Actionable Strategy:

• Encourage employees to embrace a growth mindset and challenge conventional thinking.

• Create cross-functional teams to facilitate collaboration and knowledge sharing across departments.

• Provide resources and incentives for employees to pursue innovative projects and initiatives.

3. Harnessing the Power of Tech for Inclusive Growth: Technology has the potential to be a powerful force for inclusive growth in Africa, empowering marginalised communities and driving socioeconomic development. By

Jim Collins’ Good to Great Flywheel Visual Infographic

Never lose sight of the three stages of discipline: disciplined people; disciplined thought and disciplined action.

leveraging tech solutions, businesses can bridge the digital divide, create jobs, and foster economic opportunities for all.

In Rwanda, the government's commitment to digital transformation has led to initiatives such as One Laptop per Child (OLPC), which aims to provide access to digital tools and education for every child in the country. By leveraging technology to bridge the digital divide and empower marginalized communities, Rwanda is paving the way for inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Actionable Strategy:

• Invest in digital infrastructure and connectivity to expand access to technology in underserved areas.

• Develop tech-enabled solutions that address pressing social and economic challenges, such as healthcare, education, and agriculture.

• Collaborate with government agencies, NGOs, and civil society organisations to drive inclusive tech innovation and policy reform.

4. Navigating Economic Challenges with Tech Innovation:

In the face of economic uncertainty and geopolitical instability, tech innovation emerges as a critical driver of resilience and adaptability. African businesses must embrace agility, innovation, and strategic partnerships to navigate turbulent waters and seize emerging opportunities.

Despite economic challenges, startups like Flutterwave in Nigeria have emerged as trailblazers in the fintech industry, offering innovative payment solutions and driving financial inclusion across the continent. By embracing agility and strategic partnerships, Flutterwave has navigated the complex landscape of African markets and positioned itself as a catalyst for economic growth and resilience.

Actionable Strategy:

• Diversify revenue streams and explore new markets to mitigate risk and enhance financial stability.

• Forge strategic partnerships with technology providers, investors, and industry stakeholders to access capital and expertise.

• Embrace agile methodologies and iterative approaches to product development and market expansion.

As Africa stands at the cusp of unprecedented technological transformation, the principles of "Good to Great" serve as a roadmap for innovation and growth. By embracing the Hedgehog Concept, cultivating a culture of tech innovation, harnessing the power of technology for inclusive growth, and navigating economic challenges with agility and resilience, African businesses can unlock their full potential and chart a course toward sustainable prosperity. By harnessing the region's diverse talents, resources, and entrepreneurial spirit, Africa is poised to lead the way in shaping a brighter future through technology-driven innovation

Now is the time for African businesses to embrace the spirit of innovation and embark on a journey from good to great. Let us leverage the power of technology to overcome adversity, drive economic growth, and build a brighter future for generations to come.

Hedgehog concept

UNVEILING THE CHIP WHISPERER From Microchip Design to Neuroscience Innovation

NIGERIA

Folasewa Abdulsalam, a luminary in the making, embarks on her journey with an indomitable spirit, fueled by a fervent desire to unravel the mysteries of data and chip design. Her odyssey began amidst the academic corridors of Obafemi Awolowo University, where her fascination with Data Science in Health was kindled through immersive experiences in hackathons and competitions. It was here that she discovered her innate ability to unravel the intricate mysteries of the human mind. Folasewa’s inquisitive mind yearned to explore the uncharted territories where human cognition intertwines with technological ingenuity.

Venturing into the realm of ChipLab Academy, Folasewa found herself immersed in a world where curiosity was nurtured and challenges were embraced as opportunities for growth. Despite encountering hurdles along the way, she remained undeterred in her pursuit of knowledge and mastery. ChipLab Academy not only provided her with the technical skills essential for success but also fostered a sense of community and resilience that would define her journey.

Her journey was marked by moments of triumph and adversity, each serving as a stepping stone towards her ultimate goal of leveraging technology to address pressing healthcare challenges.

One cannot overlook the challenges that punctuated Folasewa's path to success. Folasewa's journey to success was a testament to her resilience and resolve in the face of adversity. Balancing the demands of academic life with ChipLab's rigorous training program, she encountered numerous challenges. Despite facing setbacks, including a faulty laptop that threatened to hinder her progress, Folasewa remained undeterred. Her persistence shone through when she won a competition, earning a MacBook that became her lifeline. With unwavering determination

and resilience, she navigated through obstacles, emerging stronger and more determined than ever before.

Looking towards the future, Folasewa's aspirations extend far beyond personal ambition. Aspiring to become a Neurogenomicist, she envisions a future where technology plays a pivotal role in revolutionising healthcare. Through her innate ability to coax innovation and brilliance from the silicon depths, her vision includes the development of pain therapeutics solutions for individuals grappling with genetic and blood disorders, facilitated by advanced biosensors and microfluidic chips—a testament to her unwavering commitment to making a tangible difference in the lives of others.

Folasewa's journey serves as a beacon of inspiration for women aspiring to break into the tech industry—a field where their representation is often lacking. Her story underscores the importance of investing in education and diversity within the tech sector, empowering aspiring technologists to pursue their passions fearlessly.

In the words of Folasewa Abdulsalam herself: "My journey has been marked by challenges, but it is through perseverance and support that I have been able to overcome them. I urge aspiring technologists, especially women, to embrace their passion and pursue their dreams fearlessly. Let us work together to create a future where innovation knows no boundaries."

Investing in students like Folasewa and organisations that nurture brilliant minds is not only a testament to corporate social responsibility but also a strategic investment in the future of technology and healthcare. Let us seize the opportunity to champion innovation and empowerment, for in doing so, we pave the way for a brighter and more inclusive future.

The Technology That's Reshaping Corporate Transactions lockchainB

The digital transformation that has been sweeping through various industries in recent years has brought about many new and exciting technological advancements. One of these is blockchain technology, which has the potential to revolutionize the way we conduct corporate transactions. With its ability to streamline processes, reduce costs, and increase security, blockchain technology is becoming increasingly popular among businesses worldwide.

What is Blockchain Technology?

Blockchain technology is essentially a decentralized digital ledger that records transactions across multiple computers in a secure and transparent way. Each block in the chain contains a unique cryptographic hash, which is used to link it to the previous block in the chain. Once a block is added to the chain, it cannot be altered or deleted, making the blockchain an immutable record of all transactions.

The Advantages of Blockchain Technology in Corporate Transactions: Streamlining Processes

Blockchain technology can streamline corporate transactions by automating many of the processes involved. For example, smart contracts can be used to automatically execute preprogrammed transactions when certain conditions are met. This can help to reduce the need for intermediaries, such as lawyers or bankers, and speed up the transaction process.

Reducing Costs

The use of blockchain technology can also help to reduce costs associated with corporate transactions. By automating processes and eliminating intermediaries, businesses can save money on transaction fees and other associated costs. Additionally, the transparency provided by blockchain technology can reduce the risk of fraud, which can also save businesses money.

Increasing Security

One of the most significant advantages of blockchain technology is its ability to increase security in corporate transactions. The use of cryptographic hashes and decentralised storage means that the blockchain is resistant to

tampering and hacking. Additionally, the transparency of the blockchain means that all parties involved in a transaction can verify the authenticity of the transaction, which can reduce the risk of fraud.

Blockchain-based solutions can be used in various ways by organisations to improve efficiency, transparency, and security. Here are some examples:

This can help to ensure that only high-quality products are delivered to customers, reducing the risk of product recalls and improving customer satisfaction.

3. Inventory management: Blockchain can be used to track inventory in warehouses and distribution centres. This can help to optimise inventory levels, reduce waste, and improve supply chain efficiency.

1. Supply chain management: Blockchain can be used to track the movement of raw materials, finished products, and other supplies in the supply chain. This can help to improve transparency, reduce the risk of fraud, and ensure compliance with regulations.

2. Quality control: Blockchain can be used to track the quality throughout the supply chain.

4. Payment processing: Blockchain can be used to facilitate secure and transparent payment processing for transactions. Helping to reduce transaction costs, eliminating the need for intermediaries, and improving payment speed and security.

5. Intellectual property protection: Blockchain can be used to protect the intellectual

BANCO BRADESCO ALIBABA

BHP BILLITON BITPESA

property of companies by securely storing and tracking patents, trademarks, and other proprietary information.

Many companies are already using blockchain technology to streamline their corporate transactions. Here are just a few examples:

Walmart

Walmart is using blockchain technology to improve the traceability and transparency of its supply chain. The company has implemented a blockchain-based system that allows it to track the origin and movement of its products from farm to store. This has helped Walmart to improve food safety and reduce waste.

Maersk

Maersk, the world's largest shipping company, is using blockchain technology to improve the efficiency and security of its supply chain. The company has partnered with IBM to develop a blockchain-based platform that allows it to track the movement of shipping containers in real-time. This has helped Maersk to reduce the time and costs associated with shipping and increase security.

JPMorgan Chase

JPMorgan Chase is using blockchain technology to improve the efficiency

company has developed a blockchainbased platform called Quorum, which allows it to streamline its financial transactions and reduce the need for intermediaries. This has helped JPMorgan Chase to save money on transaction fees and reduce the risk of fraud.

BHP Billiton

BHP Billiton, one of the world's largest mining companies, is using blockchain technology to improve the traceability of its minerals. The company has implemented a blockchain-based system that allows it to track the movement of minerals from the mine to the market. This has helped BHP Billiton to improve the transparency and sustainability of its operations.

BitPesa

BitPesa is a Kenya-based blockchain startup that provides a platform for businesses to make cross-border payments using bitcoin. BitPesa's platform allows businesses to avoid the high fees and lengthy transaction times associated with traditional cross-border payments.

Lloyds Banking Group

Lloyds Banking Group, one of the largest banks in Europe, has partnered with blockchain startup

Komgo to create a platform that digitises trade finance processes, reducing the need for paper-based documents and increasing efficiency.

Alibaba

Alibaba, the Chinese e-commerce giant, has implemented blockchain technology in their supply chain management system. The system allows Alibaba to track the movement of goods throughout the supply chain, providing greater transparency and accountability.

Banco Bradesco

Banco Bradesco, one of Brazil's largest banks, has created a platform that allows customers to complete transactions using blockchain technology, reducing the need for intermediaries and increasing efficiency.

Overall, blockchain-based solutions have the potential to revolutionise the way we conduct corporate transactions. Its ability to streamline processes, improve efficiency, reduce costs, and increase security is making it increasingly popular among businesses worldwide.

TOP 10 INNOVATIONS That Will Change our World

1. Emotional Artificial Intelligence

• Collects data from faces, voices, and body language to measure human emotions.

• Example: MIT Media Lab developing wearable devices to determine mood and emit scents accordingly.

2. New Mobility Innovations

• Hyper-fast trains and possibilities of flying cars promise revolutionised local and international travel.

• Example: Hyperloop, aiming for a 29-minute journey from New York to Washington D.C.

3. Genetic Predictions

Rapid developments in genetics enable health predictions based on individuals' genomes.

• Example: Predicting diseases like heart disease or diabetes for faster treatment and personalised medicine.

4. Microchips and Human Augmentation

• Fusion of biology and technology through implants for medical and personal data storage.

• Example: "Cyberpunk 2077" depicts a world where augmentation is normal.

5. Nanorobotics

• Microscopic robots used in medicine for drug delivery, cancer cell detection, and organ repair.

• Example: Nanorobots delivering drugs to specific locations in the eye.

6. Printed Food

• Advancements in 3D printing technology enable printing of food, including lab-grown meat.

• Example: Lab-grown meat without antibiotics or growth hormones.

7. Green Technology

• Innovations addressing global warming and environmental challenges.

• Examples: Generating electricity from wastewater, recycling plastic for road construction.

8. Adaptive AI

• Utilizes AI and machine learning to adapt to changing circumstances.

• Improves efficiency and accuracy in decision-making processes.

9. Metaverse

• Utilizes VR and AR technologies to create immersive digital environments.

• Enables new forms of collaboration, training, and visualisation in various industries.

10. Quantum Computing

• Uses quantum bits (qubits) for faster and more complex calculations.

• Applications in cryptography, drug discovery, materials science, and AI.

Navigating Challenges & EMBRACING INNOVATION Insights for African Businesses

HOGAN LOVELLS WESSEL BADENHORST

As a lawyer, reminiscing about my late principal, Deon Nel – a former barrister, diplomat, and attorney, with a notorious talent for being verbose, I recall an incident where a junior partner walked into his office and asked if he wanted to go to lunch. Some three hours later –neither of them had gone to lunch, Deon was still talking, and the junior partner was on the verge of malnutrition and in tears! Rest assured, I won't emulate Deon's verbosity tonight. As lawyers, we're not paid by the hour for these addresses, and brevity is the soul of wit.

Hogan Lovells, our global law firm, traces its roots to Lovells here in the UK. With 47 offices spanning every continent, our membership in the South African Chamber of Commerce is strategic. It serves an important role for building our business and footprint in South Africa, which in turn acts as the springboard for our endeavors across the African Continent. Working closely with the Chamber, particularly with Sharon over the years, we've achieved notable successes and unlocked opportunities, making meaningful contributions to the South African business community.

2024 is a pivotal election year in South Africa. The historically loyal alliances in organized labor and politics have undergone a transformative shift, revealing a new political landscape. Navigating the challenges ahead for business requires astute intelligence, robust networks, and sound advice. As a mining lawyer, allow me to demonstrate some of these challenges by highlighting a growing crisis beneath the surface of South Africa's mining sector. A surge in illegal underground sit-ins, marked by violence and racism, disrupted the last quarter of 2023. These incidents expose a breakdown in collective bargaining and safety systems, yet public

condemnation from unions, labor departments, the ministry of mineral resources, and the mine safety authorities is conspicuously absent.

Digging into these sit-ins reveals three key factors. First, inter-union rivalry. Since 1982, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) dominated for three decades, but by 2012, the Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU) had reached membership that rivaled the NUM, and this tension erupted in the horrors of the Marikana Massacre. The AMCU fueled sit-in at Gold One Modder East Operations last October, sparked by a closed shop agreement with NUM, held 500 employees hostage and injured 15, laying the foundation for subsequent reactions. The second factor is escalating fears of downsizing, a harsh reality in a country with a rising 35% unemployment rate. Employees, with union blessings, risk immediate unemployment through unprotected sit-ins to demand job security, further disrupting the collective bargaining process, as was the case at Wesizwe Platinum in late October last year. And the third factor is the political undercurrents within the mines. South Africa's political landscape mirrors the mining industry, and it is naive to think that it does not. This adds another layer of complexity, particularly this year. Unions sanctioned sympathy protests, as we saw at Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine, where 2,205 employees staged an underground sit-in just days before Christmas in solidarity with other protests, without even communicating a demand to their employer.

Can you imagine having to steer your business through all of this? How do we do it? I suggest, navigating these complexities requires a broader perspective.

Business intricacies, whether unique to the mining sector or any other business for that matter, demand resilience, innovation, and collaboration.

Recognizing internal forces that drive progress – the creativity, dedication, and triumphs of individuals within our communities and organizations – is paramount. After all, business is a collection of people, and greatness is achieved not just by geniuses, but by ordinary individuals like you and me who rise to the extraordinary. It’s a question worth pondering against the backdrop of these and other challenges we will face.

Francis Fukuyama, the American political scientist, and scholar provided some insights on the failures of communism in his 1992 book The End of History and the Last Man, which sheds light on the importance of mechanisms to reward individual success, which was obviously lacking in Communist Russia and contributed to its ultimate collapse.

To achieve a thriving community, celebrating individual success is not a luxury but a necessity. That's why we at Hogan Lovells proudly support this event.

As we celebrate tonight's finalists, I urge each of you to actively contribute to overcoming challenges in our respective fields. Be a catalyst for progress – do so through fostering innovation, supporting colleagues, or championing positive change. Let us leave here not as passive witnesses to excellence, but as inspired individuals shaping the future. Together, we have the power to mold a future defined by resilience, collaboration, and shared success, no matter the challenges ahead. Let's embark on this journey of inspiration and action together, as we have some fun tonight.

Unlock the Power of AI for Managers and Executives

Are you ready to lead your organization into the AI-driven future? Join our AI for Managers and Executives (AI4ME) workshop, a game-changing 6-week program delivered in partnership with the Swedish AI Association (AICenter)

Date: 23 April 2024

Duration: Once a week for 5 weeks

Presented by: Mr. Reza Moussavi, Director General of the Swedish AI Association

Cost: 400EUR

Contact: info@oaoinvestments.com

What You'll Learn:

� Understand the Digital Transition

� Harness the Power of Artificial Intelligence

� Navigate Contemporary Industry Challenges

� Optimse Efficiency in Various Sectors

� Stay Ahead in the AIDriven Economy