OEM Off-Highway March 2021

MARCH 2021

AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM ADVANCEMENTS

FLUID POWER SYSTEM The transition to electrification will bring about a need to rethink the design of traditional hydraulic systems.

PAGE 24

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CONTENTS

VOLUME 39, NO. 2 | MARCH 2021

Fluid Power System

24 A Shifting Fluid Power Industry The transition to electrification will bring about a need to rethink the design of traditional hydraulic systems.

Search: 21244542

Operator Environment: Cabin Filtration

28 New Cab Filtration Technology Looks to Improve Health of Machine Operators

Advancements in filter designs as well as the integration of more sensors and controls are creating safer operator cab environments.

Search: 21244541

Fluid Power System: Hydraulic Fluid

32 Efficiency: How Can a Hydraulic Fluid Help?

Operating temperature can impact the efficiency of hydraulic fluids, making it critical to select the right one for a given application.

Search: 21195415

Electrical & Electronics: Connectors

ON THE COVER Cover Story: Automated Systems

34 Adapting Between M12 and Deutsch DT Connectors in Heavy Equipment Applications

18 Technology Advancements Improve Accuracy and Reliability of Autonomous Systems Development of new components are increasing the safety and performance of autonomous vehicles and systems.

New solutions which combine the capabilities of M12 and DT connectors will be needed as OEMs continue integrating advanced technologies into their equipment.

Search: 21205844

38 New Products oemoffhighway.com/directory

Search: 21244439

FEATURES

14

24

News Briefs: Digital Displacement Pumps

12 Danfoss Bringing New Digital Displacement Pumps to Market in 2021 The company is expanding its portfolio of Digital Displacement pumps with new variants to meet the requirements of more machine applications.

Search: 21201664

Alternative Energy: Electrification

14 JCB Expands Electric Machine Offering for Zero-Emissions Operations New additions to the company’s line of electric machines help customers stay productive while meeting sustainability initiatives.

Search: 21244426

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IN EVERY ISSUE 6

8

Published by AC Business Media

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

Editor’s Note

Looking Forward to the Next 10 Years of Innovation

Craig Callewaert, PE Chief Project Manager Volvo Construction Equipment

Equipment Market Outlook

Global Markets End 2020 on More Positive Note

Roy Chidgey Business Segment Head, Minerals Projects and Global Mobile Mining Siemens Large Drives US Andrew Halonen President Mayflower Consulting, LLC

oemoffhighway.com/economics

40 Events Calendar

41 Advertisers’ Index 42 The Fresno Scraper

The Fresno-type scraper offered a combination of width and shallow depth front to back to easily load and move large capacities of material.

Search: 21244532

Contributing Writer Thomas Berry Senior Production Manager Cindy Rusch crusch@ACBusinessMedia.com Art Director Dave Haglund Audience Development Manager Angela Franks ADVERTISING SALES 800 5385544 Al Bower ...........................abower@ACBusinessMedia.com Greg Schulz ....................gschulz@ACBusinessMedia.com Nikki Lawson ................nlawson@ACBusinessMedia.com Sean Dunphy ................sdunphy@ACBusinessMedia.com Kris Flitcroft ...................kflitcroft@ACBusinessMedia.com

John Madsen Director Engineering & Product Management GKN Wheels & Structures Doug Meyer Global Director of Construction Engineering John Deere

Change of Address & Subscriptions — PO Box 3605 Northbrook, IL 60065-3605, Phone: (877) 201-3915 Fax: (847)-291-4816 • circ.OEMOff-Highway@omeda.com

Andy Noble Head of Heavy Duty Engines Ricardo

Online Exclusives www.oemoffhighway.com

List Rental — Bart Piccirillo, Sr. Account Manager, Data Axle Phone: 402-836-2768 | bart.piccirillo@data-axle.com

Daniel Reibscheid Business Development Manager MNP Corporation

Blog: Heavy Equipment Industry Increases Presence at CES 2021

Advanced technologies like automation and artificial intelligence being utilized in the heavy equipment industries took center stage at this year’s Consumer Electronics Show.

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Bus Cabs Should be as Ergonomic as the Office Workplace

Reprints — For reprints and licensing please contact Greg Schulz at 920-542-1239 ............. gschulz@ACBusinessMedia.com

Matt Rushing Vice President, Product Line, Global Crop Care AGCO Corp.

AC BUSINESS MEDIA Chief Executive Officer........................................Barry Lovette Chief Financial Officer .........................................JoAnn Breuchel Chief Digital Officer ..............................................Kris Heineman Chief Revenue Officer..........................................Amy Schwandt VP Audience Development .............................. Ronda Hughes Director of Digital Operations & IT ...............Nick Raether Director of Digital Strategy ...............................Joel Franke Group Content Director......................................Jon Minnick

Allen Schaeffer Executive Director Diesel Technology Forum Keith T. Simons President – Controls Products OEM Controls, Inc. Alexandra Nolde Senior Communication & Media Specialist Liebherr-Components AG

Creation of a full dashboard assembly which is customizable to each bus driver ensures a comfortable, safe and productive work environment.

Published and copyrighted 2021 by AC Business Media. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication shall be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher.

SUBSCRIPTION POLICY: Individual print subscriptions are available without charge in the United States to original equipment manufacturers. Digital subscriptions are available without charge to all geographic locations.

Publisher reserves the right to reject nonqualified subscribers. Subscription Prices: U.S. $35 One Year, $70 Two Years; Canada and Mexico $60 One Year, $105 Two Years; all other countries, payable in U.S. funds, drawn on U.S. bank, $85 One Year, $160 Two Years.

OEM Off-Highway (USPS 752-770, ISSN 1048-3039 (print); ISSN 2158-7094 (online) is published eight times a year: January/February, March, April/ May, June/July, August, September, October, November/December by AC Business Media, 201 N. Main Street, 5th Fl., Fort Atkinson, WI 53538. Periodicals Postage paid at Fort Atkinson, WI and additional entry offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: OEM Off-Highway, PO Box 3605 Northbrook, IL 60065-3605. Printed in the U.S.A. Volume 39, No. 2, March 2021

Bob Straka General Manager, Transportation SBU Southco, Inc.

Search: 21232548

Podcast: Carling Technologies Says HMI Devices are Becoming More Complex to Aid Productivity Adding multi-function capabilities to HMI components helps ease machine control and productivity for operators.

PRINT AND DIGITAL STAFF Publisher Sean Dunphy sdunphy@ACBusinessMedia.com

Senior Field Editor Curt Bennink cbennink@ACBusinessMedia.com

Steven Nendick Marketing Communications Director Cummins Inc.

Off-Highway Heroes

www.OEMOffHighway.com

Editor Sara Jensen sjensen@ACBusinessMedia.com

Terry Hershberger Director, Sales Product Management, Mobile Hydraulics Bosch Rexroth Corp.

oemoffhighway.com/events

24

201 N. Main Street, 5th Fl., Fort Atkinson, WI 53538 (800) 538-5544 • www.ACBusinessMedia.com

Luka Korzeniowski Global Market Segment Leader, Mobile Hydraulics MTS Sensors Chris Williamson, PhD Senior Systems Engineer Global Research & Development Danfoss Power Solutions Company

Search: 21197216

Market Forecast: Fluid Power Search: 20846516

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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EDITOR’S NOTE

Looking forward to the next 10 years of INNOVATION ©ANDSUS  STOCK.ADOBE.COM

O in co sp de

M

IN THE NEXT ISSUE

arch marks 10 years for me at OEM Off-Highway. In that time I’ve seen a lot of changes in not only the industries we cover but also the way we cover them. Digitalization trends have made their way into the heavy equipment markets as a means of improving productivity and efficiency. In the publishing realm, it has provided new, often faster ways of delivering content.

When I started on the magazine, Tier 4 was one of the biggest topics in the heavy equipment space and print was still a heavy focus for our publication. Today electrification and other power alternatives dominate much of our coverage and the industry’s interest. And at OEM we’ve gone beyond print to now also provide more video content, as well as podcasts and various digital publications.

One of my favorite parts about working for this publication is seeing the innovations that have come about for heavy equipment designs, as well as the eagerness of the industry to adapt and change. As many people we interview continue to emphasize, it’s an exciting time in the industry.

Though change can be difficult, it can also bring about so many opportunities. Shifting to doing more video interviews over the past year, for instance, has enabled me to meet and network with more people in the industries we cover than I might have otherwise. It’s also enabled us to provide a new, and hopefully informative, way of delivering the industry information our audience wants. Visit www.oemoffhighway.com/videos for these and all of our other video content.

With all the changes that have occurred in the past 10 years, it will be exciting to see what the next decade brings.

What new technologies and trends are you looking forward to seeing in the coming years? Is there something you want us to cover? Let us know! |

APRIL/MAY ISSUE • New Telematics Technology and Trends • Benefits of CANbus • Powertrain Emissions Reduction Technologies • Mining Equipment Launches

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editor@oemoffhighway.com

C

@OEMEditor

O

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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TONS OEM Off-Highway Spec Guides are essential industry tools created by engineers, for engineers for component research. These are the only interactive specing tools in the heavy-duty market to help product development teams find exactly what they need!

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EQUIPMENT MARKET OUTLOOK

Sponsored by Eberspächer

oemoffhighway.com/economics

DAVE HAGLUND

• U.S. quar quar the 2 port • COV dust

0

-3

GLOBAL MARKETS END 2020 ON MORE POSITIVE NOTE

A

nnual U.S. Construction Machinery New Orders transitioned to a rising trend in November due in part to strong demand from the housing sector. U.S. Farm Machinery exports are up, signaling a rise in shipments for the coming quarters.

Europe Agricultural and Forestry Machinery Production was down through November. However, rising Soybean Futures Prices could lead to business cycle rise in the near term. The Europe Leading Indicator rose in December for the eighth consecutive month, suggesting potential recovery.

Go to oemoffhighway.com to sign up for our monthly ECONOMIC NEWSLETTER!

U.S. Leading Indicator:

ITR Economics is an independent economic research and consulting firm with 60+ years of experience.

QUESTIONS? economics@oemoffhighway.com

8

• The Conference Board’s U.S. Leading Indicator rose further in December.

• Ongoing rise in the U.S. Leading Indicator bodes well for U.S. industrial sector recovery in 2021.

112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100 99 98 97 96 95 0

Actual index (2004=100)

109.2%

109.5%

Nov

Dec

108.4% 106.6%

107.4%

104.9% 102.8.8%

99.8%

May ’20

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Editor’s Note: Please note that this chart has been modified on the Y-axis to show the trend more easily.

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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-6

-9

-12

-15

U.S. Private Nonresidential New Construction:

U.S. Industrial Production: • U.S. Industrial Production during the fourth quarter was down 4.8% compared to the fourth quarter of 2019. Though Production is below the 2019 level, ongoing business cycle rise portends rising activity during 2021.

• COVID-19 vaccines bode well for continued industrial sector recovery as the year progresses.

0

U.S. Total Public New Construction:

• U.S. Private Nonresidential New Construction during the 3 months through November was down 8.3% compared to the same 3 months of 2019.

• Decline in multiple architecture billings indexes and in the Construction Backlog Indicator signals business cycle decline in Construction in the coming quarters.

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

4

• Annual U.S. Construction Machinery New Orders tentatively transitioned to a rising trend in November, though they came in 6.1% below the year-ago level.

• Strong demand stemming from the housing sector as a result of low mortgage rates and low for-sale inventories is boosting the construction machinery market.

8

7.8%

2.8%

L S N E

-4.8% -6.8%

-6.3%

-5.9%

-9

-12.6%

-15

May ’20

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

5.7% 5.1%

4 -3.4%

3 -5.1%

-6

2 -6.9%

-8 -14.5%

6.1%

5 -2.4%

Annual % change in 3 month moving totals

7.2%

-1.6%

-4

-11.1%

-12

-0.5%

-2

-8.0%

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

7.4%

6

0 -6

7.7%

7

2

-3

7.5%

-10

-8.3%

Apr ’20

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

1 0

Apr ’20

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

g

he

ctual index 2004=100)

109.5%

Dec

fied

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EQUIPMENT MARKET OUTLOOK

Sponsored by Eberspächer

oemoffhighway.com/economics

Europe Ag & Forestry Machinery Production:

U.S. Farm Machinery Production: • U.S. Farm Machinery and Equipment Supplies Shipments during the 12 months through November were down 3.9% compared to the year-ago level.

• Quarterly U.S. Exports of Farm Machinery, up 2.9%, are signaling rising Shipments during the coming quarters.

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

0

• Europe Agricultural and Forestry Machinery Production during the 12 months through November was down 5.8% compared to 1 year ago.

• Rising Soybean Futures Prices bode well for further business cycle rise for Production in at least the near term.

-4

-2

-6

-3

-5.8%

-3.2%

-6.5%

-4

-3.9%

-3.9%

-8 -8.3%

-5.3%

-6

Apr ’20

May

-5.9%

-5.7%

Jun

Jul

-5.9%

-5.5%

Aug

Sep

-10.4%

Oct

Nov

-12

-8.1%

-9.0%

-10

-5

• The Europe Leading Indicator rose in December, marking the eighth consecutive month of rise from the April low point.

• Rise in the Leading Indicator suggests that Europe Industrial Production will transition to a recovery trend in the near term, although lockdowns in some countries may slow recovery.

-11.1%

Apr ’20

May

-10.6%

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 0

Monthly index

98.2

98.8

98.9

99.0

99.0

99.1

U.S. HeavyDuty Truck Production:

0

0

-10

93.0

-9

-12

-15

May Jun ’20

Jul

Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Germany Industrial Production: • Germany Industrial Production during the 3 months through November was down 3.1% compared to the same 3 months of 2020.

• Lockdowns implemented beginning in November have the potential to hinder the industrial sector. While the restrictions primarily target social gatherings and in-person consumer activity, further data is necessary to determine the severity of the impact to the German industrial sector.

0

-7.5%

-10

-3.1%

-5

-11.4%

-20

-15 -25.3%

-30

-30.1%

-25

-32.6% -35.6% Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

May ’20

-6.8% -17.8%

-20

-35 -40

Annual % change

0.6%

-5

-15

-25

• Annual China Large Diesel Bus Production was down 31.5% in November.

• Rise in the China Purchasing Managers Index for Manufacturing suggests that Production may transition to a recovery trend in the coming months. Social distancing measures and increased remote work pose a risk to this market.

Jun

Jul

Aug

-37.3%

-37.6%

-37.5%

Sep

Oct

Nov

-35.8%

Dec

-10 -25.0% -28.8%

-30 -35

Apr ’20

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

-15 -30.0%

Oct

-13.8% -15.6%

-20

-25

10

-10.3%

-9.4%

-31.5%

Nov

Apr ’20

-21.8%

-21.7%

May

Jun

Annual % change in 3 month moving totals

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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-3

-6

China Diesel Bus Production:

5

-5

0

96.8

Editor’s Note: Please note that this chart has been modified on the Y-axis to show the trend more easily.

• U.S. Heavy-Duty Truck Production in 2020 was down 35.8% from 2019.

• Expanding activity in the U.S. industrial and business-to-business sectors during 2021 will boost demand for fleets of trucks to move goods.

• An der in N the • Str sec low stru

Annual % change

0

-2

-1

Europe Leading Indicator:

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-12.3

Ap ’20

U.S. Construction Machinery, New Orders:

emth of

at on to gh

• Annual U.S. Construction Machinery New Orders tentatively transitioned to a rising trend in November, though they came in 6.1% below the year-ago level.

• Strong demand stemming from the housing sector as a result of low mortgage rates and low for-sale inventories is boosting the construction machinery market.

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

0

U.S. Defense Industry, New Orders:

North American Rotary Rig Count: • The North American Rotary Rig Count averaged 542 in 2020, down 50.8% compared to 2019.

• Expected gradual rise in the U.S. oil and gas sector this year may increase investor confidence and lead to additional rigs being activated this year.

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

0

• U.S. Defense Capital Goods New Orders during the 12 months through November were up 8.3% from 1 year ago.

• Congress recently passed the National Defense Authorization Act, which authorizes $740.5 billion in military spending for the coming fiscal year. This will likely boost New Orders this year.

10 Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

99.1

-10

-3

8.0%

8

6.8%

-20 -6

-30 -9 -9.4%

-12

-15

-9.2%

-8.5%

-28.6% -33.3%

-9.1%

-12.5%

Apr ’20

May

4

-37.8%

-40

-45.3%

-50

Jun

3.0%

-41.8%

-10.8% -12.3%

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Dec

Nov

-60

6.0%

6

-23.7%

-6.1%

8.3% 7.8%

-48.1%

May ’20

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

2.1%

2.1%

2 -50.8%

Dec

0

Apr ’20

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

fied on

Subscribe Now

e3 1%

to OEM Off-Highway’s Print & Digital products at oemoffhighway.com/subscribe

he irson ry o the

-3.1%

hange in ing totals

Nov

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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NEWS BRIEFS: DIGITAL DISPLACEMENT PUMPS oemoffhighway.com/21201664

Danfoss Bringing New Digital Displacement Pumps to Market in 2021 The company is expanding its portfolio of Digital Displacement pumps with new variants to meet the requirements of more machine applications.

each of which can be controlled independently with independent flows, pressures and control loads. This independent control is what enables the pump to provide benefits such as improved efficiency.

Currently, there is a 96 cc pump available called the DDP096 Generation 1 which was released in 2020. It is a single outlet, open circuit pump with

by Sara Jensen instant control which is suited for industrial applications and some mobile applications.

Danfoss has achieved a 32% efficiency improvement in the field using the DDP technology on In 2021, Danfoss intends to hydraulic excavators powered by release the next generation internal combustion engines. of the DDP096. With this next generation pump the company will begin to release multiple outlet variants of digital displacement, said Eric Bretey, Director – Digital Displacement at Danfoss, during a webinar on DDP technology held by the company. “In mid-2021, we will have the single outlet as well as a three outlet variant of the pump available,” he said. “And we’ll be starting to ALL PHOTOS COURTESY OF DANFOSS POWER SOLUTIONS release more control modes.”

Bretey said displacement control will become standard with the new anfoss has been developing generation of pumps, along with the its Digital Displacement currently available pressure control. pump (DDP) technology for As with the original pump design, the the past several years which new DDP096 will allow for different uses software and electronics to procontrol modes at each of the individual vide more precise control and efficienoutlets on the pump. cy. It is now in the process of bringing this technology to the market and The new pump has been designed expanding its portfolio of DDP options. for more aggressive duty cycles, up to 420 bar (6,091.6 psi), in off-road The DDP is digitally controlled and equipment or industrial applications. software configurable; it can include Bretey said one and three outlet anywhere from one to four outlets,

D 12

prototypes are currently available and running in various customer pre-production and evaluation projects.

“Production volumes of the Gen 2 hardware will be available in the second half of 2020,” he noted.

Danfoss also plans to release a tandem version of the DDP in 2021.

This version is comprised of two 96 cc pumps put together to provide more outlets for supplying hydraulic flow to various consumers in an application. Two to six outlets are available depending on how the two pumps are put together. “And as before, multiple control modes will be available simultaneously,” said Bretey.

He explained the tandem version is better suited for machines with higher flow requirements. Danfoss has thus far been applying the tandem pump to machines weighing up to 20 tons.

Prototypes of this pump are available, he said, and are also undergoing field trials with some OEMs.

Benefits of Digital Displacement pumps One of the many benefits Bretey says is offered by the DDP is that it comes fully sensorized, which ensures it is ready for connected and IoT (Internet of Things) applications.

“The pump is very productive because it’s very fast,” he said. “The response time—from the time you give it an input to the time you start to see a change in the output—can be 30 milliseconds. That unlocks machine productivity that most pumps simply can’t match.”

Efficiency gains are a key benefit offered by the DDP technology.

According to Bretey, it is 94% efficient at peak full efficiency. From about

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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25-100% displacement, customers can see total system efficiencies of 90% or greater with the pump. “And because of the pump’s multi-port design, we can deliver flow at the right pressure for the consumers in a machine,” he said. “We’re providing exactly what is needed, thus enabling even higher system efficiencies than what can be done with standard pumps today.”

All of Danfoss’ DDP come with a controller that has been designed specifically for use with the pumps. It uses propriety software and hardware controls what happens in each of the pump’s 12 cylinders every few milliseconds. “We’re evaluating what’s happening in the pump, what the input commands are, what the output needs to be, making calculations and then making changes to what happens,” explained Bretey. “So, the pump and controller are always together and unable to be separated.” This ensures the pump works as productively and efficiently as possible.

However, the pump and its controller can be controlled by the OEM’s ECU (electronic control unit) or by a PLUS+1 microcontroller.

Bretey said the benefits provided by the DDP have already been proven in many applications. One of which is the industrial market. “Hydraulic power units that have employed digital displacement pumps in them have seen 25% lower electrical energy consumption,” he said. Because of this, he said emissions can be reduced as well, offering further benefits to machine owners.

“This is a central part of what Danfoss really wants to do,” he said. “We want to provide products that help make the environment better, and help us live up to our commitment to be a good steward of our resources.”

In forklift truck applications, customer data has shown use of the DDP has reduced fuel consumption 40% or more in 4 ton and larger machines.

And this was achieved without sacrificing productivity. In some cases, it allows a machine’s engine to be downsized which can offer further fuel and emissions reduction benefits.

Hydraulic excavators are also a key market of interest for the DDP. Bretey said Danfoss has already achieved efficiency of 32% in the field using the technology on hydraulic excavators powered by internal combustion engines. “Depending on how much work you want to do on your system, we can achieve results like that or maybe event greater in the future,” he said.

Electrification is another area in which Danfoss sees a large benefit to utilizing the Digital Displacement technology. Use of the DDP in conjunction with Danfoss Editron—the company’s electrification business—products have shown system efficiencies of 87% when converting electrical power from batteries to hydraulic power.

Danfoss believes Digital Displacement technology will play an integral role in its vision for the future which includes electrification, automation and connectivity. The company

believes the future will require more data and control of hydraulics, as well as technologies which reduce carbon output from machines. All of which the company’s DDP technology has thus far demonstrated it can provide, and Danfoss will continue improving upon in the coming years. | Displacement control will become standard with the new generation of DDP Danfoss is introducing in 2021.

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ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: ELECTRIFICATION oemoffhighway.com/21244426

JCB Expands Electric Machine Offering for Zero-Emissions Operations New additions to the company’s line of electric machines help customers stay productive while meeting sustainability initiatives.

by Sara Jensen

Fully electric machines like the 19C-1E mini excavator can be used indoors, underground and in other sensitive work environments.

ALL IMAGES COURTESY OF JCB.

I

n late 2020, JCB announced the expansion of its E-TECH range of zero-emissions vehicles. This included the launch of the company’s first electric Loadall telescopic handler, a new electric site dumper, as well as offering a fully glazed cab on the 19C-IE electric mini excavator.

In addition, JCB has developed a new rapid Universal Charger which is compatible with current and future E-TECH

14

electric machines.

“The pace of change is rapid, and we need to be equally quick in responding to the growing environmental challenge posed by climate change and the need to improve air quality,” said Tim Burnhope, Chief Innovation Officer at JCB, during the company’s virtual launch event for the new products. As such, the company has placed an emphasis on developing clean technol-

ogies in the form of electric-powered equipment and near zero-emissions diesel engines.

New electric telescopic handler JCB’s new 525-60E all-electric Loadall telescopic handler—called the 505-20E for customers in North America—is designed to provide zero-emissions operation in construction and agriculture applications. The electric machine

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The new Universal Charger can charge the 19C-1E electric mini excavator in 2-1/2 hours.

e

A Universal Charger can be used on sites with a three-phase electrical supply.

.

looks similar to its diesel counterpart, and is just as powerful and productive, said Richard Brooks, Engineering Director for JCB’s Material Handling and Access Product Group, during the launch event.

A 96V lithium-ion battery is used in place of a diesel engine in the new 525-60E and provides full-shift operation. Use of a lithium-ion battery

enables quick, clean, maintenance-free charging using either an onboard charger or JCB’s new off-board rapid Universal Charger said Brooks. The Universal Charger can fully charge the telescopic handler’s battery to 100% in 60 minutes.

Top-off charging also occurs during machine operation via a regenerative braking system. According to Brooks, the robust battery can be charged over 5,000 times which is the equivalent of 10 years of use in typical duty cycles.

The battery is capable of operating in temperature ranges from -20-60 C (-4140 F), enabling it to be used in various locations around the world.

A motor controller converts the battery’s direct current into alternating current to power the 17-kW (23-hp) transmission system motor and 22-kW (30-hp) hydraulic system motor. It manages electric power demand from the transmission and hydraulic systems to ensure optimal machine performance.

The motor controller balances acceleration, deceleration and hydraulic control while loading, placing and transporting goods, said Brooks.

For the driveline of the 525-60E, JCB has replaced the hydrostatic drive components used in the diesel version with new, highly efficient electric motors.

“The 17-kW drive motor is connected to the front and rear JCB axles that have been developed to be as efficient as possible, whilst maintaining the strength and durability of those on the diesel-powered machine,” said Brooks.

A new hydraulic system was developed for the electric machine, as well.

Its 22-kW motor powers an efficient, low noise internal gear pump to provide the same flow and pressure as the diesel machine. Brooks noted that hydraulic flow is not linked to engine rpm; joystick position alone determines the flow and speed of operation.

Smart, regenerative hydraulics capture and store energy when lowering and retracting the boom. This energy can be used by the battery, extending the amount of time the machine can work before needing to be recharged.

The 525-60E provides a maximum lift capacity of 2,500 kg, and maximum load of 2,000 kg at its full lift height of 6 m. For the North American version, this would equate to a maximum lift capacity of 5,500 lbs. and a maximum lift height of 20 ft.

Zero-emissions and low-noise operation capabilities make the telescopic handler suited for use in both indoor and outdoor operations, including noise sensitive job sites.

Additional electric site dumpers now available In mid-2020, JCB introduced the HTD-5e E-Dumpster. The all-electric walk-behind dumpster can carry up to 500 kg (1,102.3 lbs.) and is powered by a 48V lithium-ion battery. Its 9-kW (12.1-hp) motor delivers travel speeds up to 3 kph (1.9 mph).

During its virtual launch event in November, the company announced the release of a larger electric site dumper, the JCB 1TE. It is designed to work indoors, underground and in other emissions-sensitive areas. “It’s an ideal partner for our 19C-1E electric mini excavator,” said Andy Whyman, Group Engineering Director at JCB. “It’s a high tip dumper with a full-size steel skin that has a maximum load over height of nearly 2.4 m (7.9 ft.).”

He noted it is a durable machine with a heavy-duty articulated chassis which can handle a maximum payload of 1 metric ton (1.1 U.S. ton). Use of drive axles and a dropbox instead of

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ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: ELECTRIFICATION oemoffhighway.com/21244426

ABOVE: The lack of emissions and reduced noise of the 525-60E all-electric Loadall telescopic handler make it safe to use indoors, such as in barns.

RIGHT: Smart, regenerative hydraulics capture and store energy which can be reused by the battery when lowering and retracting the 525-60E’s boom.

hydrostatic drive motors enables the new site dumper to provide continuous all-wheel drive, aiding mobility and thus productivity on job sites.

Two 5 kWh lithium-ion batteries power the machine. A 7-kW (9.4-hp) hydraulic motor delivers drive power to the dropbox while a second hydraulic pump powers the hydraulic circuits for steering and lifting.

Enclosed cab for mini excavator expands market use JCB first introduced its 19C-1E fully electric mini excavator in 2018 which then went into full production in 2019.

The electric mini excavator is five times quieter than its diesel counterpart, said Whyman. It now comes with four next-generation lithium-ion bat-

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tery packs, ensuring energy capacity of 20 kWh. This provides not only a full day of work but also additional electric power where needed such as for systems in the cab.

The new, more spacious cab JCB has introduced for the 19C-1E provides instant heat to rapidly defrost the windows and keep operators warm. This makes the machine well suited for use in colder, wetter climates said Whyman.

“We see plenty of opportunities for this machine in Northern Europe, North America and in Scandinavia where

electric solutions are already in high demand,” he said.

Power consumption is managed to ensure heating the cab while also guaranteeing optimal machine operation.

“When operating on its maximum setting, the heater only draws on half of the power from one battery,” explained Whyman. “There is no impact on digging or tracking power when the heater is in use.” This is because machine operations are able to draw power from the remaining battery energy not used by the heater.

The new cab is Roll-Over and Falling-Object Protective Structures (ROPS/FOPS) certified and equipped with easy-to-replace laminated flat glass. It ensures optimal visibility with its 70/30 front windshield split and clear jointing which prevents the digging area from being obstructed. A clear view around the entire machine is provided, as well, further aiding visibility.

LED working lights and wipers like those used on diesel models are included to aid visibility in poor working conditions or at night.

Charging is an integral part of the equation The new high-powered Universal Charger was developed to provide a single rapid charge solution for all JCB electric machines in a customer’s fleet, said Bob Womersley, Director of Product Innovation at JCB, during the virtual launch event. It works with electrical systems from 48-96V and above.

This new off-board charger can be easily installed at any site offering 480V

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Head to the Web three-phase electrical supply. It comes with both four- and five-pin electric connectors for use across Europe. The charger will also be made available to customers in North America and other parts of the world.

Womersley said all JCB electric machines come factory supplied with a standard built-in charger, as well as preparation for use of the new universal charger. “You simply plug your machine into the Universal Charger for a highspeed boost during the workday,” he said. This ensures the piece of equipment will continue running and meeting the productivity needs of the job site.

Fully charging the 19C-1E mini excavator with the Universal Charger takes just 2-1/2 hours, enabling job sites to stay productive said Womersley.

For customers who do not have a three-phase electrical supply on their job site, JCB has launched a new range of power packs to support the growing line of electric machines.

They provide zero-emissions, silent electrical backup to remote job sites or those not connected to the electrical grid. Womersley said the power packs will come with four or eight robust, JCB proven batteries. He said they are beneficial for not only powering JCB machines but also general backup power for job sites. They can also be paired with, as well as recharged by, a JCB generator being utilized on site if necessary.

Development of the new charger and the electric machines are part of JCB’s Road to Zero Program through which it is looking to offer 100% electric, zero-emissions machines to meet a range of customer application needs.

Burnhope said there is a lot more to come from JCB regarding electrification developments, as well as other emissions-reduction technologies such as alternative fuel options.

“We’ve come a long way in a short period of time, and we are fixated on accelerating our next steps on this road to zero,” he concluded. “We won’t wait around. We know there’s much more to do and we are getting on with it.” |

Find more related content online.

JCB Introduces Electric Dumpster Offering Zero-Emissions Operation www.oemoffhighway.com/21172924 JCB Debuts Electric Forklifts www.oemoffhighway.com/21103527 JCB Develops Hydrogen Fueled Excavator www.oemoffhighway.com/21138025

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COVER STORY: AUTOMATED SYSTEMS oemoffhighway.com/21244439

Technology Advancements Improve Accuracy and Reliability of Autonomous Systems Volvo Active Control uses drive-by-wire technology to provide semi-autonomous operation of digging functions.

Development of new components are increasing the safety and performance of autonomous vehicles and systems.

by Sara Jensen

VOLVO CONSTRUC TION EQUIPMENT

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ith the continued development of autonomous vehicles and systems has come the further advancement of the components which enable them. This includes sensors, GPS and other technologies designed to allow safe and productive autonomous operation.

TTControl GmbH is currently researching the role of electronic controller and communication technology in semi-autonomous agricultural equipment as part of the IntellIoT project in Europe. The company for its part will be looking at the creation of electronic architectures for these types of vehicles and the human-machine interaction. It will do so by researching how high-end control units can be used for semi-autonomous control and how information can be exchanged in a safe and reliable manner between the machine and the human operator.

“Highly autonomous farming machinery will enable a more efficient and sustainable way of working and contribute to securing the global food supply,” says Manfred Prammer, Managing Director of TTControl, in the press release announcing the company’s participation in the project. “In the project’s vision of smart farming, the machine will take over more and more tasks automatically while significantly increasing efficiency. As an integral part of the system, the machine operator will be able to control several machines at once remotely.”

mous vehicles. It measures distances and is therefore often used to aid with object detection. The technology has advanced over the years to improve its detection accuracy and optimize the safety of autonomous vehicles.

Purdue University announced in 2020 it was researching frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) lidar to help improve detection between moving and inanimate objects.

This has long been a challenge for the industry.

FMCW lidar scans a laser light from the top of an autonomous vehicle to detect objects.

When this laser light bounces off an object, it then goes to a detector through an optical isolator to ensure all reflected light

reaches the system’s detector array.

The researchers at Purdue have developed a way of using acoustic waves to enable faster tuning of system components and the creation of higher-resolution detection of nearby fast-moving objects. This helps to ensure better detection accuracy and thus improved safety.

Innoviz Technologies has developed a solid-state lidar technology for use in a variety of applications, including heavy-duty off-highway equipment. Aditya

Use of ACEINNA’s new development kit for the OpenRTK330LI GNSS/ INS module helps speed up development time for design teams.

ACEINNA

Sensor technology continues to advance Sensors play a key role in autonomous systems as they are capable of seeing the environment around a vehicle and detecting objects that may be in its path. When objects are detected, alerts are created which signal to the machine’s control system the vehicle needs to make evasive maneuvers or stop to prevent a possible accident.

Lidar—Light Detection and Ranging—is one of the more common sensor technologies used in autono-

RTK technology provides centimeter level accuracy, improving the reliability of an autonomous system.

EQUIPMENT

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COVER STORY: AUTOMATED SYSTEMS

INNOVIZ TECHNOLOGIES

oemoffhighway.com/21244439

INNOVIZ TECHNOLOGIES

Solid-state lidar sensors can be used for object detection and classification in various applications.

A lidar sensor gets precise measurements from every object its point cloud bounces off.

Srinavasan, VP of North America at Innoviz Technologies, says there are many benefits solid-state technology provides compared to early spinner lidar technology introduced to the market several years ago. There have been problems with the spinner versions breaking; this is a particular issue for off-highway applications due to the increased vibrations encountered.

In addition, he says Innoviz has been able to create solid-state lidar which is lower in cost.

When developing its lidar technology, Innoviz had an automotive OEM as a lead customer which required the company to pay attention to automotive-grade qualifications of the sensor, says Srinavasan. This means the lidar had to be designed from the ground up to be qualified to the ISO 26262 and AEQC standards.

He says that while this creates a difficult, rigorous and time-consuming design and manufacturing process for the hardware and software components, it leads to the development of a product which is suited to the needs of the application in terms of reliability and durability. This also means further rework will not be necessary—which could be even more costly and time consuming.

Meeting these automotive-grade qualifications ensures the sensor is rugged enough to be used in off-highway equipment applications, as well. Srinavasan says it went through extensive vibration testing when first developed and qualified for the original OEM customer.

While the primary use is for object

INNOVIZ TECHNOLOGIES

InnovizOne is an automotive-grade solid-state lidar sensor capable of withstanding use in rugged applications.

Innoviz lidar sensors are put through rigorous testing to ensure durability for on- and offhighway applications.

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detection and classification, he says the Innoviz lidar can also be beneficial for mapping the route of a vehicle, particularly one that may lose a signal from GPS or other satellites due to obstructions in the work environment like trees.

“It’s able to get a precise, 3 cm (1.18 in.) accurate measurement from every object the [sensor’s] point cloud bounces off.” So if the GPS signal is cut off, the machine can continue along its planned route which has been mapped by the lidar sensor.

Aiding the development of autonomous systems How an autonomous system or vehicle is developed is just as integral as the components used. To aid OEMs with the development of autonomous vehicles, Left Hand Robotics introduced its BOLT system in early 2020.

Left Hand Robotics used its own experience in developing robotic machinery to create the BOLT system. It brings together autonomous navigation, connected sensors and real-time robot operations for machines doing repetitive tasks.

“Our team has learned a lot, building, testing, proving how autonomous tractors can work on tedious, dirty jobs in the real world. These are tough problems to solve and we have already invested more than 80 engineering years into the technology behind BOLT,” says Terry Olkin, CEO for Left Hand Robotics, in the press release announcing availability of the system. “We’ll continue to build our own robots while offering BOLT to a limited number of OEMs in the first year.” Read more about Left Hand Robotics’ autono-

mous vehicle development at www.oemoh.com/21108178.

In December, ACEINNA Inc. introduced its OpenRTK330LI EVK, a complete evaluation and development kit for the company’s OpenRTK330LI GNSS/INS module. It is designed to help accelerate the development and reduce design time of navigation and guidance systems, including those used for autonomous vehicles and systems.

According to John Newton, Vice President of ACEINNA Inc., there are a wide range of applications in which machine control and autonomous vehicle development is taking place. As such, the company has developed and is continuing to develop technologies which aid with this, such as its RTK (Real Time Kinematics) technology. It is a version of GNSS/GPS which provides more accuracy than standard GNSS/GPS, says Newton.

RTK provides centimeter level accuracy whereas GNSS/ GPS offers an accuracy level of several meters. It is able to achieve this higher level of accuracy through the use of fixed base stations which wirelessly send out corrections to a moving receiver to increase the accuracy of GNSS signals.

The improved accuracy of the RTK technology helps to improve the reliability of the machine control systems into which it is integrated.

Newton says the main benefit of ACEINNA’s new development kit “is just speeding the time to market for people who want to develop one of these [autonomous] systems” which incorporates the company’s OpenRTK330LI GNSS/ INS module. The kit includes several necessary components

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COVER STORY: AUTOMATED SYSTEMS oemoffhighway.com/21244439

for doing so such as a GPS antenna and a built-in GNSS/RTK positioning engine. This positioning engine “is the software that takes the RTK corrections and applies them to the GPS signal to give you that centimeter accuracy,” explains Newton.

There is also a built-in calibrated-over-temperature triple redundant IMU (inertial measurement unit). An on-board application processor with software combines IMU data—acceleration and angular rate—with the GPS signals to provide not only general information but also improve accuracy of the position and velocity signals. “This is somewhat unique,” says Newton.

“We’re not aware of another solution of this kind of class and cost point that has the calibrated IMU inside.”

The integrated IMU “provides some level of fault tolerance because of its redundancy,” adds Reem Malik, Business Development Manager at ACEINNA Inc. “It also helps during GNSS gaps.” If something happens to the GNSS signal, she says the IMU data can be used to help navigate safely for a certain period of time.

In addition, Newton says there is a built-in web server which helps with configuration and set up of the GNSS module. It features an open source architecture and development platform,

as well, enabling customization to specific vehicle and application needs.

Having all of these pieces together in one kit can greatly speed up the development process for designers.

In the past, they would have to source the GPS receiver and IMU from manufacturers, and then design a PCB board to communicate with those components as well as the algorithms needed to fuse all of the data, says James Fennelly, Product Marketing Manager, Inertial Systems at ACEINNA Inc. “All of that is many years’ worth of work just to get to the point where they can start trying to design their control system.”

With this new kit, all of that upfront work can be reduced, and the development engineer can within minutes of receiving the kit have all of the data needed to begin developing the final solution right away. “It’s a tremendous leg up for people who want to do automated solutions in these markets,” says Fennelly.

Future opportunities

New lidar technology being researched by Purdue University uses acoustics to better control a pulse of laser light split into a frequency comb, potentially helping lidar to achieve detection of nearby high-speed objects.

Newton says that some of the next steps for ACEINNA will be taking its IMU technology to a higher level of performance, ruggedness and reliability to meet the needs of heavier duty applications. Adding functional safety to meet ISO 13849—a standard targeted more toward off-road vehicles—will be part of that, as well. In addition, he says the company wants to develop turnkey navigation systems that are ready from the box and a customer could bolt directly onto a high-end piece of equipment or other type of vehicle.

He says the company is continuing to see more development of machine control and autonomous systems in various markets, including the off-highway equipment segment because of the cost savings and productivity improvements they can provide end use customers. Being able to provide an out-of-the-box solution will aid OEMs with their continued autonomous vehicle developments.

“I’m absolutely convinced that

WOOGIEWORKS GRAPHIC/ALEX MEHLER

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autonomous solutions are beneficial to society,” says Nils Jaeger, President of Volvo Autonomous Solutions, in an article from the company discussing the advancement of autonomous vehicles. “This new industry will provide a lot of value—safety, efficiency, flexibility, sustainability and economic. It is impossible to stop progress—this technology is going to happen—and I firmly believe that it will be a force for good. In fact, if we had been further ahead in our development the impact of COVID-19 would have been less.”

Off-highway applications have shown what is possible with autonomous vehicles and is probably the most mature of all applications thus far. Mining in particular has been utilizing autonomy for over a decade, with many work sites running fully autonomous mine trucks and other equipment. The repetitive nature of the work at a mine site and the fact it is a confined area have helped to make

autonomy feasible.

While autonomous vehicle development has progressed a lot, and expanded into a variety of applications, Volvo Autonomous Solutions says in its article there is still a lot of work to be done. Further technology advancements will be necessary to ensure the safety of these vehicles, as well as

making people comfortable with being around them.

“To ensure that it is understood as beneficial to society we need to master the componentry by proving that it is truly safe. We also need to reassure legislators and promote the many benefits by being good stewards of this technology,” concludes Jaeger. |

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FLUID POWER SYSTEM oemoffhighway.com/21244542

A Shifting Fluid Power Industry

The RISE Cylinder requires less power than its hydraulic counterpart, enabling a smaller battery to be used in some applications.

The transition to electrification will bring about a need to rethink the design of traditional hydraulic systems.

by Sara Jensen

R IS E

ROB

O T IC

S

BLANKSTOCK  STOCK.ADOBE.COM

RISE ROBOTICS

E

lectrification is finding its way into all types of equipment and systems, including fluid power systems. Adding electric components such as sensors to these RISE Cylinders can provide systems as a means of helping equal amounts improve efficiency and collect of push and pull, allowing for new performance data is nothing performance new. This trend, as well as the opportunities. development of new types of systems to meet the needs of electric and hybrid vehicles, will only increase in the coming years as electrification in the heavy equipment industries continues to grow.

New requirements regarding performance, cost, emissions legislations and efficiency are pushing OEMs to further develop their vehicles and evaluate electrified solutions, say Federico Perelli and Thomas Krumrey, Application Engineers for Electrification Mobile Machinery at Bosch Rexroth AG. As such, there will need to be a modification of current hydraulic systems for the implementation of electric solutions.

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“The push for electrification does not mean the eventual replacement of hydraulics with electric motors will occur,” they say. “Instead, the industry will work toward ways to integrate electrics into off-highway platforms in the most effective ways possible, and to make maximum use of the power density and efficiency provided by hydraulics technology.”

While a fixed displacement pump driven by a variable speed motor is a valuable and simple solution for precise control, Perelli and Krumrey say combining a variable displacement pump with electronic control, software and sensors enables advanced functions such as optimization of efficiency, dynamics and torque control.

“Hydraulic systems are extremely inefficient by their nature,” says Mike Terzo, CEO & CTO, Terzo Power Systems. “We control the flow, pressure and direction with the pressure drop, and that pressure drop is lost energy.

So, we literally have to sacrifice more and more energy to get more and more control.”

He says that as an engineer, this was unacceptable to him and he wanted to

address these inefficiencies. To do so would require reimagining the whole architecture of a fluid power system, which is what he set out to do with Terzo Power Systems.

The largest contributors to energy loss are hydraulic valves which create all the pressure drop in a system.

However, Terzo says they are also “a key piece in controlling the fluid and doing everything we want to do with hydraulics.” The company began researching further and found there is a lot more that can be done to improve hydraulic systems beyond replacing valves.

As such, the company has developed an electrohydraulic system known as HydraPulse which helps to improve performance and enable electrification of off-highway equipment.

New technology looks to improve performance Terzo Power Systems’ HydraPulse technology is comprised of motor control electronics, which the company refers to as the inverter, integrated with a motor and the pumping work function. Those three fully integrated pieces allow a variety of different fluid

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Combining electric and hydraulic components can create systems which meet the performance and application needs of electric vehicles.

DOBE.COM

power functions to be performed, says Terzo, whether it’s directly powering an actuator or cylinder, or powering a standard valve bank.

He says a lot of integration work went into developing the system to meet the high-voltage needs of electric-powered equipment. In addition, many of the system’s pieces were built from scratch to ensure performance and durability in off-highway equipment.

In addition to its hydraulics products, Bosch Rexroth has added a portfolio of high-voltage electric components—such as motor-generators, inverters and gearboxes—to enable the creation of electric vehicle architectures. These new products are designed to be combined with the company’s hydraulic components, creating systems which can be used in a range of applications.

“Integration in the vehicle of new components, realization of new cooling circuitry, development of new system and control software and, furthermore, a new commissioning and validation process are just some of

BOSCH REXROTH

the challenges,” OEMs will face when developing electric vehicles, say Perelli and Krumrey. “The key to reaching the right return on investment is the development of a platform based on a partner’s modular solution portfolio.”

By offering both hydraulic and electronic components which can be used with one another, Bosch Rexroth is able to customize a solution to an OEM’s specific needs, and help ensure the right components are being used

for the application.

RISE Robotics purpose built its electric actuator technology, called the RISE Cylinder, to avoid the many challenges surrounding hydraulic systems.

The company’s goal is to collaborate with OEMs who want to electrify their machinery but are experiencing inadequate battery life. Arron Acosta, CEO, RISE Robotics, says hydraulic systems are often a significant part of the energy budget. “Obviating the hydraulic

The RISE technology uses a belt on a pulley system for direct mechanical power transmission.

RISE ROBOTICS

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FLUID POWER SYSTEM

TERZO POWER SYSTEMS

oemoffhighway.com/21244542

TERZO POWER SYSTEMS

HydraPulse is a fully integrated unit capable of performing a variety of fluid power functions.

The HydraPulse technology is comprised of motor control electronics integrated with a motor and the pumping work function.

system with RISE technology reduces the power drain on the batteries by at least 50%,” he says.

Unlike traditional hydraulic cylinders which are powered by compressed fluid, the RISE technology uses a belt on a pulley system for direct mechani-

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cal power transmission. “We route belts inside of our cylinders to achieve every functionality of a hydraulic system including pressure relief,” explains Acosta. “We can go from motor to rod with direct, minimal power for the same amount of output that you would get from a hydraulic system.

“And then we can also go back from rod to motor through the belt system and run the motor in reverse like a generator to produce power,” he says.

So as a machine is lowering a load of material, this power generation capability can produce about 1 kW (1.34 hp) of power per 2 tons which can be used by the machine.

Because the RISE Cylinder requires less power than a hydraulic cylinder, a smaller battery can be used in a machine which helps bring down costs for an OEM, says Ken Gray, Vice President of Business Development, RISE Robotics. “This allows a system designer to shrink the batteries down into a manageable package that can

actually fit into [a machine] that will really work on a jobsite,” he says.

Gray also notes RISE Cylinders offer the benefit of providing both push and pull capabilities with equal strength as traditional hydraulic cylinders.

“Hydraulics typically push on the piston side, and that’s primarily the force actuation,” he says. “There’s some pull by pressurizing the rod side, but it’s mostly push. RISE Cylinders can do both in equal amounts.”

Because the RISE Cylinder can do both actions, it can replace the need for multiple components. Gray says in the future this could help further optimize construction and mining equipment. Using cylinders that can both push and pull “totally changes what we’re able to do from a kinematic, dynamic point of view on the job site,” he says.

The benefits of electrification “Most of the industry has recognized that electrification is here and they’re

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TERZO POWER SYSTEMS

working on technological improvements,” says Acosta. However, due to the size and power requirements of some heavier duty machinery the uptake remains slow.

With new technologies entering the market, there is the opportunity to speed up this transition. In addition, manufacturers can rethink the design of their components and systems, which can lead to new capabilities as well as a re-imagining of how equipment could look in the future.

Because the RISE Cylinder can provide both push and pull, Gray says its use in an excavator could enable increased penetration force which was not possible before with a traditional hydraulic system.

Acosta says the company is focused on using its cylinder technology to help make battery-electric machine performance equivalent to that of a diesel, or to cut in half fuel consumption of diesel-electric hybrids. This too will help speed up the industry’s move toward further electrification and the benefits that can provide— both for the environment and enduse customers.

“I started everything with efficiency as the basis for electrification,” says Terzo. “But what we also realized is there’s so many other benefits from electrification of fluid power.”

When efficiency is significantly improved the size and number of other components can be reduced.

For instance, the oil reservoir can be downsized which also reduces the amount of oil needed, weight and cost. Terzo says they found about an 80-90% reduction in component count could be achieved. This helps to also reduce engineering requirements and improve system reliability. “If you have a smaller amount of components and connections, that reduces link and failure points so you can improve reliability.

“One of the really exciting things is it really allows us to start envisioning future digital solutions,” he adds. Digitally controlling fluid flow and pressure enables IoT (Internet of Things) solutions as well as other advanced capabilities.

“I see an extremely exciting and amazing future for electrification in

off-highway and fluid power,” says Terzo. Durability and reliability has often trumped new technology in the off-highway equipment industry and manufacturers have had to focus on creating machines that make financial sense for themselves and their customers. But the industry is changing now and having to shift to new business models—some of which has been aided by new technology developments like those for fluid power systems.

“We hope to significantly speed up the adoption for the OEMs and allow them to compete in this new, electrified landscape. There’s no stopping it.

“We [as an industry] either need to look at how we get on board and really innovate and adopt, and find solutions for the end users, the OEMs, the regulators and the industry as a whole, or we’re going to be left by the wayside,” concludes Terzo. |

Head to the Web Find more related content online.

Efficient Fluid Power Systems to Benefit Electric Vehicles www.oemoffhighway.com/21159323 Rise Robotics RISE-CYL-095-1200-1 Electric Linear Actuator www.oemoffhighway.com/21005820 Video: Terzo Power Systems Uses Electrification to Improve Hydraulic System Efficiency www.oemoffhighway.com/21172916

High Pressure Filters Robust constructions for rugged applications Working Pressure up to 8120 psi Flow Rate up to 198gpm www.mppltriusa.com (215) 529-1300 sales@mppltriusa.com

PASSION TO PERFORM

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Proper cab filtration ensures dirt and debris does not enter the operator environment.

SYKLONE INTERNATIONAL

oemoffhighway.com/21244541

NEW CAB FILTRATION TECHNOLOGY Looks to Improve Health of Machine Operators Advancements in filter designs as well as the integration of more sensors and controls are creating safer operator cab environments.

by Sara Jensen

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nsuring operator health remains an integral part of the design process for OEMs in the on- and off-highway mobile equipment industry. “The principal trend we’re seeing that is also a major challenge for the industry is how to address operator health risks,” says Amy Rice, CEO of Sy-Klone International.

“There is harmful respirable particulate matter in almost all of the major work sites that contribute to our global industrial economy.”

As such, Sy-Klone and other filtration manufacturers like it continue to work with OEMs to develop cab air quality systems which prevent harmful particulates from contaminating the opera-

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tor cab. Doing so not only ensures the safety of machine operators but also improves their comfort and productivity throughout the workday.

In addition, properly managing air quality helps to minimize machine maintenance issues by preventing dust and debris exposure to sensitive components and systems.

“Sy-Klone is partnering with OEMs to proactively design systems for machines and help retrofit heavy equipment already in the field with air quality solutions for cabs to keep machine operators safe and worksites productive,” says Rice.

To provide OEMs and machine owners with the ability to monitor cab

S a

air quality, Sy-Klone is introducing a new family of monitoring systems, the RESPA Advisor for pressure monitoring and RESPA Advisor+ to monitor CO2 and pressure. Both provide audible and visual alarms as well as filter life tracking capabilities.

“The RESPA Advisor monitoring system allows OEMs to offer end users a more holistic air quality solution,” says Rice. “With both in-cab monitoring and remote data download capabilities, this integrated solution can become a key tool in work site health and safety programs.”

HEPA filters trap the smallest of particles Rice notes that when it comes to filter technology, not all are created equal.

There are even differences between the range of HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filters available in the market. In the case of Sy-Klone’s HEPA classified RadialSHIELD filters, she says they arrest more than 99.95% of

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SYKLONE INTERNATIONAL

OPERATOR ENVIRONMENT: CABIN FILTRATION

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SYKLONE INTERNATIONAL

SYKLONE INTERNATIONAL

SYKLONE INTERNATIONAL

es dirt ter the nment.

Harmful respirable particulate matter can be found in almost all major work sites, necessitating proper cab air filtration.

Sy-Klone was recently awarded a contract by NIOSH to create a smart system for active cab air quality monitoring in heavy-duty equipment.

particles at 63 nanometers (nm) or 0.063 micrometers. “The diameter of a human hair is about 100,000 times larger than a 63-nm particle. So, we’re talking really small airborne particles.

“When running the HEPA classified RadialSHIELD filters on the intake and recirculation airflows, we consistently see average dust concentration well below 10ug/m3 which allows for standard and regulatory compliance,” she adds.

Developing filters which can remove the smallest of particles is vital to ensuring dust and dirt does not enter the operator cab of off-road equipment.

And this has become even more critical with the spread of COVID-19 across the globe. “The COVID-19 particle ranges in size between 60 and 140 nm,” says Rice. “It is tiny, so to have solutions that reliably arrest particles that small is a challenge the industry is going to have to rise to meet.

“COVID-19 has elevated the importance and the awareness of the cleanliness of the air we breathe and thinking about what may be airborne that we can’t see, and if it is harmful to us,” she says. “The market is more focused now and it is a great time to be addressing air quality solutions because it is top of mind for [everyone].”

In early 2020, Webasto introduced its HFT 300 and HFT 600 high-efficiency

air cleaners to help address the potential spread of diseases like COVID-19 in enclosed areas, including vehicle and equipment cabs. Matthew Wheeler, Head of HVAC Light & Medium Duty at Webasto, says development of the new air cleaners originated in Europe for ambulance and emergency response customers requesting a medical-grade filtration system.

The air cleaners use medical-grade HEPA-14 filtration media which the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) recommends, especially for ambulances and other vehicles transporting COVID patients says Wheeler.

He notes there are many technologies and methods for cleaning air or reducing the spread of a virus in small environments. For the HFT cleaners, Webasto partnered with a filtration company to utilize existing medical-grade filter technology that can be packaged for rapid production and easy installation in multiple locations.

Webasto’s solution is a cylindrical shaped air filter with a high-velocity, high-quality fan that moves a significant volume of air through the HEPA-14 filters, explains Wheeler.

“We’re providing a standalone method of getting air filtering around, recirculating air in closed compartments and then trapping 99.97% of the particles

Sy-Klone’s RESPA system features monitoring capabilities to ensure it is properly filtering cab air.

SYKLONE INTERNATIONAL

that pass through that filter.”

Wheeler says one of the unique features is the ability to use the air cleaners in conjunction with other types of systems designed to control infectious airborne diseases. This is particularly beneficial for vehicles which may transport several people at a time such as a city bus. “The CDC and WHO recommends a lot of air change, a lot of air circulation in a confined space,” he says.

Although a UV lighting or other disease-fighting technology may have been added to an existing HVAC (heating, ventilation and cooling) system on a bus, there would typically not be

Head to the Web Watch our interviews with Sy-Klone Intl. and Webasto to learn more about their filtration technologies and industry trends.

New ISO Cab Air Quality Standard to Improve Equipment Operator Health www.oemoffhighway.com/21202542 Sy-Klone Developing Smart Technology to Improve Cab Air Quality www.oemoffhighway.com/21202259 New Webasto Air Cleaners Remove Airborne Pathogens from Vehicle Enclosures www.oemoffhighway.com/21244756

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OPERATOR ENVIRONMENT: CABIN FILTRATION oemoffhighway.com/21244541 MANN+HUMMEL

Development of the new standard came about in part due to the need for a singular, global standard.

This helps to ensure the health and safety of workers around the world, as well as makes it easier for OEMs to develop machinery for the global market.

Previously, Moredock says MANN+HUMMEL has developed a smart filter monitoring system which uses various sensors to monitor load status of cab air and other machine filters. each country or region may have had its own standard to follow enough airflow to reduce the risk of which required an OEM to develop a airborne contamination, says Wheeldifferent cab for each market. This is er. “You really need to supplement time consuming and costly. “Our goal that. And our solution allows you to throughout the entire project has been [do that].” Depending on the existing to reach out to all the stakeholders in the systems being used and the size of the world—end users, operators, the indusvehicle, one or several air cleaners can trial hygiene community and the OEMs,” be added. he says, to get their input and ensure the Because they are a standalone unit, new standard meets everyone’s needs. the air cleaners will not affect operation of existing air systems. This along There are five key aspects on which with their compact size allows the air the new standard focuses: cleaners to be installed in multiple • Maintaining defined carbon dioxide locations on a vehicle, as well.

(CO2) levels: The maximum allowable CO2 is the external environment CO2 plus 400 parts per million (ppm).

New ISO standard looks to • Recirculation efficiency: Maximum improve cab air quality respirable particulate matter conThe International Organization for centration of ≤25 micrograms per Standardization (ISO) has created a cubic meter of air at the start and new cab air quality standard for mining end of decay test, with a maximum equipment, ISO 23875. “This particular of 120 seconds decay time. standard is designed to protect machine operators from harmful respira• Increased filter-efficiency requireble particulates that are found outside ments: A filter must meet more of the cab in mining environments,” stringent test criteria; typically an says Jeff Moredock, Chair, ISO TC-82 ISO 15 E or ISO 35 H HEPA filter will Mining Working Group 9, and EVP at be required in compliant operator Sy-Klone International. enclosures.

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• System maintains cab pressurization: Minimum sustained pressurization, when the machine starting device moves to the ‘on’ position shall be ≥20 Pa, maximum sustained pressure shall not exceed 200 Pa. • Real-time operator cab monitoring: Cab pressurization and CO2 levels monitored by permanently installed monitoring system.

Moredock says the real-time monitoring is a significant aspect to ensure the health and safety of machine operators. If it detects any issues with pressurization or CO2 levels, it will sound an alarm to alert the operator so corrective actions can be taken.

Another important aspect is the fact the standard is applicable from design or retrofit of a machine all the way through until it is retired. “It is a lifecycle standard,” he says. “The operator enclosure is delivered after being designed, manufactured and performance tested in compliance with the standard. The OEM is responsible for developing a comprehensive operator’s maintenance manual which transfers responsibility for the ongoing maintenance to the owner of the machine. The maintenance manual contains a documented maintenance process which includes regular performance testing throughout the lifecycle of the operator enclosure.

“The same testing done at the factory can be done by the maintenance person, the industrial hygienists, or anybody downstream to validate the maintenance protocols are providing the same level of performance as when the machine was originally purchased,” says Moredock.

Though developed for the mining industry, he says it is as useful and effective on all operator enclosures, regardless of industry.

Technology will play a critical role going forward As with any machine system, continued technology development and implementation will help improve safety and

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productivity. Sy-Klone’s RESPA Advisor family of monitors is an example of these efforts. Moredock says the new ISO 23875 includes recommendations for monitoring ideas in addition to the now-standardized monitoring capabilities. This was done to help stimulate innovation in the industry and see what could be developed. “There’s lots of opportunity here, in terms of technology development, and we’re very excited to see what will come in operator enclosure performance,” he says.

Monitoring technology is becoming more commonplace in cab air quality systems. The Webasto HFT air cleaners include a monitoring system which monitors pressure drop through the filter system. As the filter fills up with particulate matter, sensing technology determines when there is a pressure drop and turns on a light which is used to indicate it is time to change the filter, says Wheeler.

MANN+HUMMEL has introduced a smart filter monitoring technology which uses various sensors to monitor load status of cab air and other machine filters. Data collected from the sensors is transferred to the cloud for analysis, and a solution is then sent to customers based on this analysis.

The goal of this system is to aid with predictive maintenance and reduce unplanned downtime.

Sy-Klone was recently awarded a contract by the National Institute for Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) to research the application of smart technology to manage air quality in a machine operator enclosure as a means of improving health and safety.

“Smart technology drives efficiency,” says Rice. “It makes data more available which allows for better monitoring, better business decisions, and ultimately healthier operators and a lower cost base.

Head to the Web Find more related content online.

Sy-Klone Awarded Contract to Develop Smart Cab Air Quality System www.oemoffhighway.com/21175206 Webasto HFT 300 and HFT 600 HighEfficiency Air Cleaners www.oemoffhighway.com/21194320 Mann+Hummel Smart Filter Monitoring www.oemoffhighway.com/21104175 “I see more smart technology, more real-time feedback from the systems both for the operator and site management. As safety standards are elevated, OEMs and industry players are going to be looking for high-quality solutions that integrate into an increasingly high-tech business model,” she concludes. |

WEBASTO

The HFT 300 and HFT 600 high-efficiency air cleaners are compact in size for easy installation.

WEBASTO

Webasto’s HFT air cleaners can be used with other types of air systems to control the spread of airborne diseases.

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FLUID POWER SYSTEM: HYDRAULIC FLUID oemoffhighway.com/21195415

EFFICIENCY: How Can a Hydraulic Fluid Help?

Operating temperature can impact the efficiency of hydraulic fluids, making it critical to select the right one for a given application.

THERMOMETER @ALEX WHITE | HYDRAULIC FLUID @NAYPONG STUDIO – STOCK.ADOBE.COM

contributed by Neil Buchanan, Senior Technical Services Advisor, Petro-Canada Lubricants ALL MACHINE IMAGES COURTESY OF PETRO-CANADA LUBRICANTS

At higher temperatures, oils begin to oxidize more rapidly and fluid viscosity decreases rapidly which can impact machine performance.

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or operators of hydraulic systems in any industry, finding efficiencies within their system is crucial. It’s no different to any other operation, which naturally seeks to make the most of its assets by ensuring all of its processes are optimized so that productivity can be maximized.

To improve efficiency, in most industries, be that construction, mining or forestry, most operators focus on productivity closely followed by fuel efficiency. Fuel efficiency can directly impact the fleet’s bottom line through either a reduction in fuel consumption

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Fluid manufacturers are continually working to develop fluids that enable systems to operate efficiently, even when the equipment is exposed to wide or extreme temperature ranges.

which results in lower fuel costs, or by using the same amount of fuel to get more work out of the equipment.

In industrial plants where hydraulic pumps are powered by electric motors, energy efficiencies can also be secured by using a high-performance hydraulic fluid which can reduce overall operating costs. Multigrade fluids enable the hydraulic pump to operate in its optimum window of greatest efficiency, thus getting the most work done using the lowest amount of electricity. The performance of a hydraulic fluid, and therefore its operating efficiency, is also

significantly affected by the operating temperature it’s running at, considering this is crucial when looking for efficiencies within the hydraulic system.

Considering temperature Operating temperature has a significant effect on the efficiency of hydraulic fluids, for example, low temperatures can cause the oil to thicken and its viscosity to increase to the point where the hydraulic pump cavitates because the oil is not fluid enough to flow.

In hydraulic applications, the fluid is the medium for power transmission

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LEX WHITE | DOBE.COM

Multigrade hydraulic fluids can be a full temperature range solution, optimizing the system and reducing the need for unnecessary oil changes.

which means that operating temperature effects can have additional impacts on the system. High viscosity oils, caused by low temperatures for example, can compromise the mechanical efficiency of a system and lead to unnecessary increased power consumption to perform the same work. Another significant concern at low temperatures is pump cavitation, which is caused by the dynamic process of gas bubble growth and collapse in a fluid. If this happens repeatedly, cavitation can lead to the breakdown of metal parts or components in a hydraulic application.

Conversely, at higher temperatures, oils begin to oxidize more rapidly and the fluid viscosity also decreases rapidly. As the viscosity decreases below the minimum required for the particular hydraulic pump, wear will increase.

High Viscosity Index hydraulic fluids work because they are thin enough at low temperatures to flow readily into hydraulic pumps and motors (volumetric efficiency) and do not require extra energy to pump a thick oil. Conversely, they “thicken” or maintain their viscosity at high temperatures so that there is less leakage in the internal parts of the pump (mechanical efficiency) and provide an optimum viscosity for wear protection. Due to the different effects that extreme high and low temperatures have on hydraulic fluids, most monograde fluids are chosen because they work well in either warm or cold applications, but not both.

Full temperature offering In some areas of North America, where the climate significantly changes between seasons and can be extremely cold in the winter months and extremely warm in the summer, operators don’t have the luxury of being able to specialize with a high or low temperature fluid. To ensure their systems remain efficient year-round, they think they have to stock multiple types of fluid, which can increase costs

fluids reduce the need for seasonal oil changes, but they also provide significant efficiencies for operators.

In hydraulic applications, increasing energy efficiency is crucial and can lead to significant cost savings. For many operators, operating temperature poses a significant problem and means their system and maintenance processes are inefficient. To solve this problem, multigrade hydraulic fluids can be a full temperature range solution, optimizing the system and reducing the need for unnecessary oil changes. As the study found, at low temperatures, where system responsiveness is paramount, multigrades deliver improved operating efficiency, less need for system warm-up and lower power consumption, enabling operators to find the efficiencies to optimize their operation and maximize their investments. |

and require additional tasks.

Increasingly, fluid manufacturers have been working to develop fluids that enable systems to operate efficiently, even when the equipment is exposed to wide or extreme temperature ranges. At Petro-Canada Lubricants, the HYDREXTM range of multi-viscosity hydraulic fluids have been specially formulated to provide increased productivity and reduced maintenance costs in a wider operating temperature range. In fact, the best multigrade hydraulic fluids that are formulated with shear stable viscosity index (VI) improvers and high VI base oils can offer a wider operating temperature window which enables operators to stock just one fluid.

In a recent study which looked at the low temperature operating limits and power consumption requirements of hydraulic fluids, Petro-Canada Lubricants, alongside the Milwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE) and the University of California Mobile and found that multigrade Industrial Valves hydraulic fluids outperform monogrades.

• Control Valves HYDREX offered a wider • Selector Valves operating temperature • Lock Valves window, improved sys• In-line Valves tem responsiveness and • Restrictor significantly reduced • Relief power consumption • Check of up to 41% at low temperatures. The study found that not only +1 (320)743.2276 can high-performance © 2021 Doering, Inc. All rights reserved. multigrade hydraulic

When the Pressure Is on,

Quality Makes the Difference

Metro Hydraulic Valves

| doering.com

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ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS: CONNECTORS oemoffhighway.com/21205844 ALL PHOTOS COURTESY OF PHOENIX CONTAC T USA

ADAPTING Between M12 and Deutsch DT Connectors in Heavy Equipment Applications

New solutions which combine the capabilities of M12 and DT connectors will be needed as OEMs continue integrating advanced technologies into their equipment. contributed by Mike Schreiner, DC Solutions Engineering and Market Development Manager, Phoenix Contact USA

The DT harnes connec of DT, y solutio on the

While heavy equipment manufacturers and harness assemblers prefer DT connectors, device OEMs prefer M12. Until recently, solutions to connect the two have been costly and tedious to assemble.

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NTAC T USA

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eavy equipment manufacturers continue to adapt state-of-the-art sensor, actuator, and motor technologies into their products to take advantage of an ever-increasing networked, precise, and analytical world. In so doing, they face a real challenge in reconciling connector types between the

varying type conventions of industrial automation and their very own industries, i.e., M12 and DT. Examining the history of these connector types with respect to the creation of CAN and its derivatives leads to a collision course of connection.

In 1986, in part due to increasing regulation of diesel engine emissions,

Robert Bosch, GmbH, introduced a revolutionary serial communication protocol, the Controller Area Network (CAN). The protocol upended the conventional client/server configuration commonly utilized to transfer information between electronic devices.

The applicability and advantage of this protocol was positioned specifi-

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Use linear actuators to communicate the cylinder’s position back to your overall hydraulic system Incorporate the latest position sensing technology into your existing cylinder designs RAM can supply custom-built customsolutions based on standard cylinder designs or through a complete engineered design recommendation.

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The DT/M12 Adapter connector allows OEMs and harness manufacturers to maintain the usual connector preference and assembly technique of DT, yet it affords a quick and easy connection solution to mate to the commonly supplied M12 on the equipment’s peripheral components.

RAM Industries Inc

www.ramindustries.com T: 1.877-799.1005

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ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS: CONNECTORS oemoffhighway.com/21205844

Heavy equipment and industrial vehicles are becoming more sophisticated and more connected than ever before.

cally for implementation in passenger vehicles. Its advantages included a configuration of distributed nodes (ECUs, aka Electronic Control Units), each able to essentially claim ownership of the communication bus and establish message prioritization, making it ideal for the disbursement of intelligent components in a complex electronic system. Moreover, the system was robust; it was resistant to noise and could continue functioning even in the event of an unrecoverable loss of one of the controllers.

Early CAN implementations The advantages of the new CAN protocol did not go unnoticed across other industries. In fact, some of the earliest implementations occurred in the late 1980s in applications unassociated with motor vehicles. Kone, a Finland-based elevator manufacturer, used CAN in its products. The German company Lindauer, Dornier GmbH, through consultation with Swedish en-

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gineering firm Kvaser, worked with its suppliers to implement CAN in textile machinery products.

The successful uses of CAN in complex machines quickly grew in frequency, and CAN soon found a home in the factory automation environment. By the early 1990s, CAN in Automation (CiA), an international group of manufacturers and users, had been formed.

The M12 connector Meanwhile, the sophistication of factory automation equipment concurrently leaped in the early 1990s, driving a need for a migration from traditional discrete parallel to fieldbus wiring. By converting to serial communication, manufacturers of factory automation machinery could sell the value of reduced installation time, errors, downtime, and all the associated costs.

Cue the adaptation of derivations of CAN, including DeviceNet and CANOpen, among other protocols. A need for a standardized physical interconnect soon

followed, and under the IEC 61076-2101 specification, the M12 connector was adopted. Its advantages included environmental protection from dust and liquid contaminants, as well as ease of termination and mating. It further permitted the deployment of various types of coding configurations (A, B, etc.), which could be assigned to specific protocols by standard definitions. This prevents the mis-mating of like connectors supporting disparate functions.

Machinery and equipment manufacturers quickly partnered with suppliers of peripheral devices such as sensors, actuators and valves to adopt the M12 as the go-to connector for component integration. Since its adoption, the M12 connector has proliferated exponentially and continues to find its way into previously unimagined applications.

Off-road CAN applications While electronic capabilities of sensors and actuators grew dramatically in both the factory and automobile in-

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dustries, heavy equipment implementations in agriculture, construction, service, marine, and military lagged only slightly behind. OEMs discovered their equipment would enjoy the same benefits: a reduction in harness wire count, easier assembly, and access to new digital information for specific equipment functions.

ECU manufacturers embraced the CAN protocol, and sensors, actuators, and control electronics suddenly became intelligent, producing digital information in need of seamless transport between multiple devices produced by varying manufacturers.

Subsequently, SAE International created the higher-layer protocol J1939 standard, which defines a single common language that permits seamless communication between ECUs across all CAN manufacturers. Further derivations specified protocols by specific applications; for example, 11992 and 11783 pertinent to Truck and Trailer and Agriculture and Forestry Machines, respectively. Somewhat organically and somewhat by design, the J1939 “common tongue” spoken by heavy machines was born. The only exception to the forethought was: How can everything be physically connected?

The Deutsch DT connector For the heavy equipment manufacturer, the de facto choice for electrical interconnect had already been established: the DT series offered by Deutsch (now TE). While not defined by any particular standard, the DT (and later DTM) connector series provides a particular applicability for heavy equipment harnesses. The connector’s crimp-and-poke style assembly permits the termination of discrete wires, and then coupling them in a single connector body—a process particularly conducive to efficient wire harness production. The connector provides environmental sealing and a rugged construction at a cost-effective price.

Yet a challenge remained.

Engineers drool over incorporating state-of-the-art sensor and actuator

New technology developments are enabling OEMs to take advantage of both DT and M12 connectors in a single device. sensor, for example). devices into their heavy equipment applications. However, a large portion As the heavy equipment industries of these devices are produced with the continue to embrace new technoloM12 connector, a result of their early gies, most recently in support of their adoption into the factory automation products existing as elements in an environment. And so, the interconnect everything-connected world, so too worlds came crashing together: heavy are their component-manufacturer equipment manufacturers and harness suppliers adapting. As we look to the assemblers prefer DT while device future, we can envision the adoption OEMs prefer M12. The only solutions of ever-increasing speed and quantity to date have been either costly custom of data, along with the demand for conversion cables or to stub in M12 robust, seamless integration, both cordsets into equipment harnesses. digitally and physically. To support The assembly, though, is tedious. Butt these needs, connector manufactursplicing, soldering, and shrink-sleeve ers will continue to introduce new processes abound. Often, this deviaconnector innovations. | tion from an elegant solution results in intermittent or failed connection at worst, or an exceedingly high cost at best.

Fortunately, connector manufacturers have identified and responded to this challenge. The DT/M12 Adapter connector from Phoenix Contact, for instance, NASA LOW OUTGASSING APPROVED features a DT04-6P Per ASTM E595 standards mating interface opposing a 5-pin M12.

This solution allows CRYOGENICALLY SERVICEABLE OEMs and harness manufacturers to Resists temperatures down to 4K maintain the usual connector preference and assembly THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE technique of DT, yet 9-10 BTU•in/ft2 •hr•°F it affords a quick and easy connection solution to mate to the commonly supplied M12 on the Hackensack, NJ 07601 USA • +1.201.343.8983 • main@masterbond.com equipment’s peripheral components (a

www.masterbond.com

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NEW PRODUCTS oemoffhighway.com/directory

1.6 and 2.1 L Diesel Engines Power Distribution Products The Littelfuse MDB5 Series of Power Distribution Products are sealed multi-circuit high-current primary fusing options that can be placed in the battery box or under hood as the first line of protection and distribution for a vehicle.

• Handles standard MEGA and MIDI fuses • Option for sealed (to IP67/69K) or unsealed assembly as well as multiple input busses • Sealing protects all bolted connections to provide robust solution for high-corrosion environments • Sealed primary fusing can be placed close to the battery • Capability to handle fuse ratings from 23-500A and voltages up to 70V • Full range of fuses for applications from 12V- 48V+

Yanmar introduces the 3TN86CHT and 4TN86CHT high-powered industrial diesel engines which comply with EU Stage V and U.S. EPA/CARB Tier 4 emissions regulations.

• Provides higher power density • Compact design for easy installation • Lower fuel consumption and noise • Vertical, water-cooled, 4-cylce design • Increased power output provided by new turbocharger matching design • Output of exhaust gas aftertreatment system was increased without making it larger in size • Equipped with proprietary DPF system for capturing particulate matter • 3TN86CHT has rated output of 40.1 kW (53.8 hp) and maximum torque of 197 Nm (145.3 lb.-ft.)

• 4TN86CHT provides 55.4 kW (74.3 hp) of power and 263 Nm (194 lb.ft.) torque rating

Electric Steering

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With the GK10 LD electric steering, ZF presents a universal drive kit for equipment with electric steering.

• Patented hypoid toothing provides optimum performance (torque capacity) and service life • Enables variety of ratio options in minimal installation space • Low reaction torque due to optimized axle offset and larger wheel • Minimum maintenance required thanks to durable transmission components

H S n p • •

www.oemoffhighway.com/21220388

CAN Series Joystick

CEAT Specialty is introducing a VF (very high flexion) version of its TORQUEMAX Ag radial range.

• VF technology gives 40% higher load carrying capacity than a standard radial or allows tires to carry the same load at 40% lower pressure • Stepped lug design provides superior grip • Wider tread width for lower soil compaction, increasing yield • Longer and wider lugs that provide higher contact area for longer life • Tilted lug tips for lower vibration at higher speed, improving roadability and ride comfort www.oemoffhighway.com/21220273

www.oemoffhighway.com/21220907

www.oemoffhighway.com/21207247

Very High Flexion Radial Tire

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Sure Grip Controls, a subsidiary of Bailey Hydraulics, announces the release of the JSC CAN Series Joystick.

• Dual axis joystick • Designed and manufactured for rugged off-road market • Features IP69K and IP67 protection ratings • Sealing and durability testing to more than 5 million cycles or 20 million operations • Utilizes Hall sensor technology • Minimum below-panel depth • Integrated connector • Mounting compatibility with Sure Grip’s JSM joystick • High-strength chromoly shaft designed to operate with all existing Sure Grip handles

www.oemoffhighway.com/21259229

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Heavy-Duty Rubber Suspension Hendrickson Truck Commercial Vehicle Systems announces the release of its next-generation, heavy-duty rubber suspension HAULMAAX EX. • Improved performance and durability • Optimized to provide increased site rating, expanded capacity ranges, and improved durability • Features 46,000 lb. (20,865.2 kg) capacity and up to 70,000 lb. (31,751.5 kg) site rating • Offers ideal balance of unloaded ride quality and loaded stability • Lightweight which allows for increased payload of vehicle • Provides versatility for operating both on- and off-highway • Equalizing beam distributes load equally between both axles in off-road and uneven terrain conditions • Eliminates fixed center bushing pivot points to reduce wheel hop www.oemoffhighway.com/21219779

49-in. Tire for Mining and Quarry Dump Trucks Michelin North America Inc. has introduced a 49-in. (1,244.6 mm) tire for 100-ton mining and quarry dump trucks, the MICHELIN XD MINEWORKS 27.00R49.

• New tread pattern and tread depth deliver even wear on hard soil • Incorporates advanced casing and high-wear resistance compound technologies to handle heavy loads at lower pressure • Designed for good balance between TMPH and wear resistance • Tough cables and innovative architecture allows operators to run with less pressure than competitor tires for the same load

Medium-Duty Drivelines Meritor, Inc. introduces two medium-duty drivelines to its Permalube RPL driveline family, the RPL10 and RPL14.

• Designed for medium-duty (Class 6-7) applications • Permanently lubricated, resulting in service-free performance • Sealed for life • Increased uptime • Reduces operating costs compared to traditional driveline designs • High-performance u-joint seal with a triple lip design • Easy Service yoke connection with four bolts and machined straps • Polyglide nylon coating designed www.oemoffhighway.com/21220291

www.enmco.com

www.oemoffhighway.com/21207914

Brushless Right-Angled Gearmotors Midwest Motion Products (MMP) offers right angled gearmotors which allow for significantly increased versatility, and the ability to be installed in tight spaces.

• Output ratios from 3.7:1 to 2076:1 • Encoder and brake compatibility • High-volume capacity • Output speeds from 1-1,500 rpm • Continuous output torque to 443 in.-lbs. (50.05 Nm) • Current draw from > 2-33A • Input voltages from 24-120V DC • Keyed, 12 mm (0.47 in.) diameter output shafts • Compact and lightweight design www.oemoffhighway.com/21232862

ELECTRONICS LCD HOUR METER/COUNTER COMBO

HOURMETER COUNTER T39

ENM’s Series T39 LCD 6-DIGITS hour meter and up counter instrument is ideal for any application that requires recording both time measurement and event count for maintenance schedule.

The two displays meter can operate independently or in parallel.This compact tamper-proof meter is protected from the environment to provide years of service.

MADE IN THE USA

E-MAIL:

customerservice@enmco.com OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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CALENDAR OF EVENTS oemoffhighway.com/events

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COURTESY OF WORLD OF CONCRETE

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2021 CANADIAN HEAVY EQUIPMENT SHOWCASE Virtual Event March 1-May 31, 2021 www.mpltd.ca

THE WORK TRUCK SHOW Virtual Event March 8-12, 2021 www.worktruckshow.com

HANNOVER MESSE Virtual Event April 12-16, 2021 www.hannovermesse.de

WCX WORLD CONGRESS EXPERIENCE Virtual Event April 13-15, 2021 www.sae.org/attend/wcx

MOVIN’ON SUMMIT In-Person and Virtual Event June 1-4, 2021 www.movinonconnect.com

NFPA/FPIC REGIONAL CONFERENCE TBD June 3, 2021 www.msoe.edu

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WORLD OF CONCRETE Las Vegas Convention Center June 7-10, 2021 | Las Vegas, NV www.worldofconcrete.com

TIRE TECHNOLOGY EXPO Deutsche Messe June 8-10, 2021 | Hannover, Germany www.tiretechnology-expo.com

BUSWORLD NORTH AMERICA Baltimore Convention Center June 19-21, 2021 | Baltimore, MD www.busworldnorthamerica.org

HILLHEAD Hillhead Quarry June 22-24, 2021 | Buxton, United Kingdom www.hillhead.com

WASTEEXPO Las Vegas Convention Center June 28-30, 2021 | Las Vegas, NV www.wasteexpo.com

ASABE ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING Virtual Event July 11-14, 2021 www.asabemeetings.org

NFPA INDUSTRY & ECONOMIC OUTLOOK CONFERENCE TBD August 16-18, 2021 www.nfpahub.com/events/conferences/the-ieoc/

ACT EXPO Long Beach Convention Center Aug. 30-Sept. 2, 2021 | Long Beach, CA www.actexpo.com/

FARM PROGRESS SHOW Farm Progress Show Grounds Aug. 31-Sept. 2, 2021 | Decatur, IL www.farmprogressshow.com

NFPA/FPIC REGIONAL CONFERENCE TBD Sept. 2, 2021 www.msoe.edu

SAE NOISE AND VIBRATION CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION DeVos Place Convention Center Sept. 7-10, 2021 | Grand Rapids, MI www.sae.org/attend/nvh

GREAT LAKES LOGGING & HEAVY EQUIPMENT EXPO UP State Fairgrounds Sept. 9-11, 2021 | Escanaba, MI www.gltpa.org/gltpa/Expo.asp

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MINEXPO INTERNATIONAL

Georgia World Congress Center Sept. 28-30, 2021 | Atlanta, GA www.nacvshow.com

THE BATTERY SHOW

GREEN TRUCK SUMMIT Indiana Convention Center Mar. 3, 2022 | Indianapolis, IN www.ntea.com

THE UTILITY EXPO

Suburban Collection Showplace Sept. 14-16, 2021 | Novi, MI www.thebatteryshow.com

Kentucky Exposition Center Sept. 28-30, 2021 | Louisville, KY www.theutilityexpo.com

ELECTRIC & HYBRID VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY EXPO

COURTESY OF WORLD OF CONCRETE

2022

NORTH AMERICAN COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SHOW

Las Vegas Convention Center Sept. 13-15, 2021 | Las Vegas, NV www.minexpo.com

THE WORK TRUCK SHOW

AUSA ANNUAL MEETING & EXPOSITION

Suburban Collection Showplace Sept. 14-16, 2021 | Novi, MI www.evtechexpo.com

TBD Oct. 11-13, 2021 | Washington, D.C. www.meetings.ausa.org/annual/2021

MOTION + POWER TECHNOLOGY EXPO

EIMA INTERNATIONAL

TBD Sept. 14-16, 2021 | St. Louis, MO www.motionpowerexpo.com

BICES

BolognaFiere Oct. 19-23, 2021 | Bologna, Italy www.eima.it

GIE+EXPO

China New International Exhibition Center Sept. 14-17, 2021 | Beijing, China www.e-bices.org

Kentucky Exposition Center Oct. 20-22, 2021 | Louisville, KY www.gie-expo.com

COMVEC

Hannover Exhibition Grounds Nov. 14-20, 2021 | Hannover, Germany www.agritechnica.com

In-Person and Virtual Event Sept. 14-16, 2021 | Rosemont, IL www.sae.org

Indiana Convention Center Mar. 3-6, 2022 | Indianapolis, IN www.ntea.com

BAUMA New Munich Trade Fair Center April 4-10, 2022 | Munich, Germany www.bauma.de

SIMA Parc des Expositions Paris-Nord Villepinte November 6-10, 2022 | Paris, France www.simaonline.com

AGRITECHNICA

AD INDEX

Advertiser........................Page # Global Health Impact Editor’s note: Due to the global health crisis, many events in 2021, particularly in the early half of the year, have already been postponed, canceled or gone virtual. Every attempt has been made to provide the most up to date information on those events listed; information is current as of the time of printing this issue. Be sure to montior our events page and individual events’ websites for updates. You can also read more about event changes at oemoffhighway. com/21123406 where we are tracking updates to industry events as they are announced.

APEM, Inc............................................................. 44 Doering Inc........................................................... 33 Eberspacher Climate Control Systems..................... 9 ENM Company...................................................... 39 HAWE North America, Inc..................................... 23 Littelfuse.............................................................. 43 Marvel Industrial Coatings.................................... 17 Master Bond Inc................................................... 37 MP Filtri USA, Inc.................................................. 27 Omni Powertrain.................................................. 31 Parker Hannifin Electronic Controls Division......... 21 Ram Industries Inc................................................ 35 SIKO Products Inc................................................. 13 The Utility Expo...................................................... 3 Waytek................................................................... 2

AGATEN | PEACEFULLY7 | ISTOCK / GET T Y IMAGES PLUS

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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OFFHIGHWAY HEROES oemoffhighway.com/21244532 SMITH & SONS MANUFAC TURING COMPANY CATALOG, N. D., HCEA ARCHIVES

The Fresno Scraper The Fresno-type scraper offered a combination of width and shallow depth front to back to easily load and move large capacities of material.

A conventional Fresno scraper. The earliest version had small wheels on the leading edge in place of the side runners.

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n 1951, railroad contractor James L. Allhands (1879-1978) published Tools of the Earthmover Yesterday and Today Preserved in Pictures, a book written with the intent of educating the general public about construction machinery. In the past two issues, we’ve seen how Allhands presented the evolution of drag (or slip) and wheeled scrapers (learn more, 21199478 and 21207987). Here is his account of the next step in scraper evolution, the Fresno.

Tools of the Earthmover contains substantial discussion on the history of the Fresno scraper. Allhands traces the concept of a Fresno-type scraper to an article, “Cost of Excavating Earth by Means of Scrapers and Scoops,” by Edward Morris in 1841. No illustrations are provided, but Morris describes the machine as scooping up loosened earth and carrying it upon two runners that formed its sides.

Morris states that it was effective on hauls of up to 100 ft. (30.5 m).

Forty years later, a wooden device akin to a heavy drag was being used to excavate the first irrigation ditch in Fresno County, CA. It came to be known as a buck scraper, and one Henry Hawn was credited by some with its invention.

Fresno blacksmith James Porteous patented a machine derived from the buck scraper in July 1882. The operator

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by Thomas Berry , Archivist, Historical Construction Equipment Association

stood on the tailboard, and his weight provided the down pressure for excavating. It could either push dirt ahead, in the manner of a bulldozer blade, or be laid flat upon runners to carry its load.

The Fresno itself was developed by another Fresno blacksmith, Abijah McCall. McCall’s friend Frank Dusy was given a half interest in the scraper for funding the patent process for it, and patent 320055 was issued to both men for the design on January 16, 1885. Dusy sold his half interest to Porteous, netting a tidy 97% profit in the transaction. McCall himself passed in 1886, stopping royalties on its sale, and his son sold his father’s interest to Porteous as well. Porteous dubbed the machine the Fresno Scraper, and the Fresno and buck scraper names became interchangeable.

The original design was 8 ft. (2.4 m) wide, and the singletrees were attached to a single axle (later replaced

by runners). Unlike the Porteous design, the operator walked and did not ride. Allhands notes that the original scraper was too large for a six-up team, and so later versions were narrower with 5 ft. (1.5 m) being the most practical. Its combination of width and shallow depth front to back gave it an outstanding combination of large capacity and ease of loading.

Allhands notes that Fresnos caught on slowly in the midwestern and eastern United States. He attributes this to three factors: The infancy of the advertising industry; demand on the west coast outstripping manufacturing capacity; and contractors preferring established earthmoving methods to new equipment. He states that it took more than 10 years for Fresno scrapers to really take hold outside the western United States. Be that as it may, Allhands calls it the “earth movingest mule-powered tool ever devised.” |

The Historical Construction Equipment Association (HCEA) is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization dedicated to preserving the history of the construction, dredging and surface mining equipment industries. With over 3,800 members in over a dozen countries, activities include publication of a quarterly educational magazine, Equipment Echoes, from which this article is adapted; operation of National Construction Equipment Museum and archives in Bowling Green, OH; and hosting an annual working exhibition of restored construction equipment. The 2021 show will be August 27-29 in Concordia, KS (learn more, 10598970). Individual memberships within the USA and Canada are $35 for one year, $65.95 for two years and $99.95 for three years, and $45.00 US elsewhere. HCEA seeks to develop relationships in the equipment manufacturing industry, and offers a college scholarship for engineering and construction management students. Information is available at www.hcea.net, by calling 419-352-5616 or e-mailing info@hcea.net.

Please reference Dept. OEM.

OEM Off-Highway | MARCH 2021

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HIGH VOLTAGE RELAYS FOR

COMMERCIAL ELECTRIC VEHICLES

DCN SERIES CONTACTOR RELAYS High current and high voltage DC contactor relays for electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and industrial applications such as charging stations, battery isolation control, DC power control, and other switch controls.

Voltage Ratings: Amperage Ratings:

450V DC - 1800V DC 30A - 500A

Web Resources

Datsheets, 2D prints and 3D Models:

Littelfuse.com/DCN

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XD Series

NEW Ergonomic Right Handed grip op�on for ul�mate comfort

www.apem.com

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