OEM Off-Highway January/February 2020

JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

CONEXPO & IFPE

Preview!

PAGE 42

On-Highway Market Trends

CONNECTIVITY, ELECTRIFICATION AND AUTOMATION PAGE 12 oemoffhighway.com OOH0120_1_Cover.indd 1

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CONTENTS

VOLUME 38, NO. 1 | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

ON THE COVER Cover Story: On-Highway Market Trends

12 Connectivity, Electrification and Automation Drive On-Highway Vehicle Designs

Growing market interest, as well as a desire to improve vehicle performance and reduce emissions are key motivators for manufacturers’ continued development of electric and autonomous vehicles.

Search: 21105544

CONEXPO & IFPE 2020

12

42 CONEXPO and IFPE 2020 to Highlight New Construction Industry Technologies and Trends An expanded footprint will provide even more space for OEMs and component manufacturers to showcase their latest technological innovations to the construction industry.

Search: 21108311

FEATURES Drivetrain System: Electrification

20 Drivetrain Components will Evolve due to Vehicle Electrification Drivetrain systems and components are anticipated to see many changes regarding size, packaging and gearing as electrification continues to increase.

Search: 21105021

48 Small Machines Benefit from Advantages of Battery and Remote Control Technology Battery powered machines and remote control technology have opened new opportunities for smaller equipment.

Search: 21108231

50 Automation is Creating a Safer, More Productive Construction Industry The trend toward automation is a way to overcome the challenges of a shallow labor pool.

Market Trends: Electric Buses

26 Electric Buses: Erratic Progress Electric bus designs are evolving as their market adoption grows around the world.

Search: 21097496

Electrical and Electronics: Lighting

34 Create Safer, More Productively Lit Environments

Working with a lighting expert can help to optimize vehicle hazard, ground, scene, and surface lighting.

Search: 21097848

Search: 21108241

52 ElectroHydrostatic Actuation Offers Opportunities to Improve Hydraulic System Efficiencies AEM discusses with Parker Hannifin’s Dale Vanderlaan the potential benefits of ElectroHydrostatic Acutation.

Search: 21107043

20

Electrical & Electronics: Connectors

38 Four Connector Factors to Consider in Heavy and Off-Highway Vehicle Electrification How to choose the right connectors to improve machine performance and efficiency.

Search: 21095601

26 34 OEM Off-Highway | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

OOH0120_2-5_TOC_SJF.indd 4

4

1/20/20 9:47 AM

IN EVERY ISSUE

e

cturers’

6

8

Editor’s Note

Will electrification and automation continue to dominate in 2020?

Equipment Market Outlook

Headwinds will Persist for U.S. Agricultural Equipment Exports

oemoffhighway.com/economics

54 Advertisers’ Index Off-Highway Heroes

58 Road Planers and Shapers Towed road planers, shapers and finishers were originally used to grade surfaces before the advent of pull and motor graders.

latest

Search: 21109629

Published by AC Business Media

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Craig Callewaert, PE Chief Project Manager Volvo Construction Equipment Roy Chidgey Business Segment Head, Minerals Projects and Global Mobile Mining Siemens Large Drives US Andrew Halonen President Mayflower Consulting, LLC Terry Hershberger Director, Sales Product Management, Mobile Hydraulics Bosch Rexroth Corp.

Steven Nendick Marketing Communications Director Cummins Inc. John Madsen Director Engineering & Product Management GKN Wheels & Structures Doug Meyer Global Director of Construction Engineering John Deere

have

tive

ties

Online Exclusives www.oemoffhighway.com Building Tomorrow with Bigger, More Productive Construction Equipment

Volvo Construction Equipment will introduce several new pieces of equipment at CONEXPO 2020 aimed at improving productivity and efficiency for customers.

Search: 21110635

A Machine for All Seasons: Autonomous Robot Provides Snow and Lawn Care Abilities

Left Hand Robotics has added large area mowing capabilities to its autonomous robot, enabling use of the machine throughout the entire year.

Andy Noble Head of Heavy Duty Engines Ricardo Daniel Reibscheid Director of Sales & Marketing Torsion Control Products, Inc. Matt Rushing Vice President, Product Line, Global Crop Care AGCO Corp.

Allen Schaeffer Executive Director Diesel Technology Forum Keith T. Simons President – Controls Products OEM Controls, Inc. Alexandra Nolde Senior Communication & Media Specialist Liebherr-Components AG Bob Straka General Manager, Transportation SBU Southco, Inc.

Search: 21108178

Luka Korzeniowski Global Market Segment Leader, Mobile Hydraulics MTS Sensors

CES 2020 Innovation Awards Honor New Technological Advancements

Chris Williamson, PhD Senior Systems Engineer Global Research & Development Danfoss Power Solutions Company

Search: 21105345

Market Forecast: Fluid Power Search: 20846516

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OEM Off-Highway (USPS 752-770, ISSN 1048-3039 (print); ISSN 2158-7094 (online) is published eight times a year: January/February, March, April/ May, June/July, August, September, October, November/December by AC Business Media, 201 N. Main Street, 5th Fl., Fort Atkinson, WI 53538. Periodicals Postage paid at Fort Atkinson, WI and additional entry offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: OEM Off-Highway, PO Box 3605 Northbrook, IL 60065-3605. Printed in the U.S.A. Volume 38, No. 1, January/February 2020

1/20/20 4:30 PM

EDITOR’S NOTE

Will electrification and automation continue to dominate in 2020?

W

VOLVO CONSTRUC TION EQUIPMENT

ith the start of a new year comes reflection on how the heavy equipment industry has evolved and where it’s headed in the coming year. Electrification and automation dominated headlines throughout much of 2019, and are likely to continue doing so in the foreseeable future. Read our annual Year in Review to see which news, articles and products were of most interest to readers in 2019 at oemoh.com/YearinReview2019.

The on-highway vehicle segment especially is focused on advancing electrification and automation technologies as a means of improving fuel efficiency and safety while also reducing emissions. On pg. 12 we examine these developments and the impact on the industry as a whole.

As electrification technologies continue to advance, they will impact many aspects of component and system designs. On pg.

20, we take a look at how drivetrains will change. Already shifts are being seen in packaging and how components are integrated with one another, and this is will likely continue to progress as a means of enhancing electric vehicle designs.

This year’s biggest shows, CONEXPO-CON/AGG and IFPE, will likely bring to market several new electrification and automation technologies, as well. Our pre-show coverage starts on pg. 42 and highlights some of the new products companies intend to exhibit Volvo CE’s HX2 concept autonomous hauler. during the show. Be sure to visit our dedicated IFPE & CONEXPO page at oemoh.com/IFPECONEXPO to stay up to date on the latest show news and vist us at booth S80742 in IFPE.

P

IN THE NEXT ISSUE

What technologies and trends do you think will have the most impact in 2020? Will electrification and automation continue to dominate, or do you think others will take their place? Let us know!

MARCH ISSUE • Engine optimization trends • Evolving hydraulic cylinder sensor designs • Advanced technologies in the operator cab

W p o O t e

editor@oemoffhighway.com @OEMEditor

✚ CONEXPO and IFPE Show Coverage

6

W

OEM Off-Highway | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

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POWER

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EQUIPMENT MARKET OUTLOOK

HEADWINDS WILL PERSIST FOR U.S. AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT EXPORTS

DEBOVE SOPHIE | ISTOCK / GET T Y IMAGES PLUS

oemoffhighway.com/economics

• U.S mo com

• The Ind a te sug int

2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -1.0

U

.S. Construction Machinery New Orders declined 3.9% through October 2019, though a rise in quarterly U.S. Housing Unit Building Permits suggests a potential recovery in New Orders. U.S. Exports of Farm Machinery and Equipment were down 12.2% through October 2019 compared to the previous year. Headwinds in this market are expected to persist through mid-2020.

Europe Agricultural and Forestry Machinery Production were down as well; however, a rise in exports of agricultural goods during the third quarter means there could be a rise in demand for agricultural and forestry machinery in the first half of 2020.

Go to oemoffhighway.com to sign up for our monthly ECONOMIC NEWSLETTER!

U.S. Leading Indicator: • The U.S. Leading Indicator was unchanged from October to November. The Indicator monthly rate-of-change is in a general declining trend.

ITR Economics is an independent economic research and consulting firm with 60+ years of experience.

QUESTIONS? economics@oemoffhighway.com

8

112.2%

112.2

• The Leading Indicator suggests business cycle decline in the U.S. industrial sector into at least mid2020. Recovery in the U.S. residential construction market and rise in global leading indicators bode well for rise in the second half of 2020.

Actual index (2004=100)

112.0%

112.0 111.9 111.8%

111.8% 111.8%

3

111.8%

2

111.7 111.6%

111.6

111.6%

1

111.5

0

111.4

-1

111.3

-2

111.2 0

4.9%

4

-3 Apr '19

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Editor’s Note: Please note that this chart has been modified on the Y-axis to show the trend more easily.

OEM Off-Highway | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

OOH0120_8-11_Econ_SJ.indd 8

• Ris Per con com 5

112.1

111.8

• U.S du we thi hal

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-4

Ma '19

%

DEBOVE SOPHIE | ISTOCK / GET T Y IMAGES PLUS

U.S. Private Nonresidential New Construction:

U.S. Industrial Production: • U .S. Industrial Production during the 3 months through November was down 0.7% compared to the same 3 months 1 year ago.

• U .S. Private Nonresidential Construction during the 3 months through October was down 3.5% from the same period 1 year ago.

• The U.S. ISM PMI (Purchasing Managers Index) monthly rate-of-change reached a tentative low in September 2019 and suggests that quarterly Production could fall into the second quarter of 2020.

• U.S. Stock Market trends indicate rising investor expectations for future market conditions. This could indicate an increased need for Construction in 2020, as well as the means to fund it.

2.0

1.9%

Annual % change in 3 month moving totals

3.0%

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

• T rends in U.S. Gross Domestic Product suggest that Construction could transition to a slowing growth trend in the coming quarters. However, trends in U.S. State and Local Tax Receipts suggest accelerating growth in Construction could persist into mid-2020.

6

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

5.3% 1.9%

2.0 1.5 1.0%

1.0

• A nnual U.S. Total Public Construction in October totaled $323.7 billion, up 5.3% from 1 year ago. Construction is in an accelerating growth trend.

2.5

1.5%

1.5

3.0

U.S. Total Public New Construction:

1.0%

1.0

0.9%

5 4

4.5%

4.7%

4.6%

4.5% 4.2%

4.1% 3.8%

0.5 0.0

0.5%

0.5

0.1%

-1.0

0.0

2

-1.5

Apr '19

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

-1.8%

-2.0

-0.4%

-0.5 -1.0

-0.7%

-3.0

Nov

-3.5

• U.S. Construction Machinery New Orders during the 12 months through October were 3.9% below 1 year ago. Recession in this market is likely to persist into the first half of 2020.

• R ise in quarterly U.S. Housing Unit Building Permits suggests the residential sector could contribute to recovery in New Orders in the coming quarters.

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

4.9% 3.8%

4 3

1 -3.0%

Mar '19

Apr

May

2.4%

0.8%

Aug

Sep

-3.5%

Oct

0

Mar '19

Apr

May

8

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

6.6%

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

• A nnual U.S. Defense Capital Goods New Orders reached a record $159.6 billion in October, up 10.7% from the year-ago level.

The pace of growth generally diminished since early 2019.

• T rends, such as in the World Uncertainty Index, indicate that we could see New Orders enter an accelerating growth trend in the near term.

25

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

4.9%

20

3.4%

19.6%

20.6%

16.7%

1.5%

15

0

13.4%

14.5%

-0.6%

0

-1.8%

-6

-3

9.5%

10

-3.0%

-4

-2

-4

10.7%

-2

-1

Oct

U.S. Defense Industry, New Orders:

• R elatively low Oil and Natural Gas Prices suggest that the Rig Count could be on the back side of the business cycle into the second half of 2020.

2 0.7%

Jul

• T he North American Rotary Rig Count averaged 1,124 in the 12 months through November. The annual Rig Count is down 8.8% from 1 year ago.

4

2

Jun

North American Rotary Rig Count:

6

1

-1.5%

-2.5

U.S. Construction Machinery, New Orders:

5

3

-0.3%

-0.5

-5.6%

8.9%

5

-8 Mar '19

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

-3.6%

-3.9%

Sep

Oct

-10

-8.8%

Apr '19

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

0

Mar '19

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

OEM Off-Highway | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

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Aug

Sep

Oct

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EQUIPMENT MARKET OUTLOOK oemoffhighway.com/economics

Europe Ag & Forestry Machinery Production:

U.S. Farm Machinery Production: • U.S. Farm Machinery and Equipment Supplies during the 12 months through October totaled $31.1 billion. Supplies declined but were still above the year-ago level.

• U.S. Exports of Farm Machinery and Equipment during the 3 months through October were down 12.2% from 1 year ago. The pace of decline in Exports became more severe in recent months. Headwinds in this market are likely to persist into at least mid-2020.

• Europe Agricultural and Forestry Machinery Production during the 12 months through October was down 4.4% from 1 year ago.

• Europe Food, Drinks, and Tobacco Exports during the third quarter were up 10.3% from the third quarter of 2018. Accelerating rise in Exports could mean increasing demand for agriculture and forestry machinery in the first half of 2020.

1

20

Annual % change

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

0.3% 0

15

-0.1%

-2 -2.4% -3.1% 2.8%

Mar '19

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Mar '19

Apr

May

Jun

U.S. HeavyDuty Truck Production: • Although still above the year-ago level, annual U.S. Heavy-Duty Truck Production declined in recent months.

• Production during the 3 months through November was down 10.4% from the same time period 1 year ago. Headwinds are increasing in this industry.

19.7%

20

Annual % change in 12 month moving totals

19.3% 17.3%

99.2

99.2

99.2

99.2

99.2

98.8

-4

-5

99.2

98.9

-4.2%

0

99.2

99.0

-3 4.7%

5

99.3

99.1

8.2% 5.9%

Monthly index

99.2

-1.4%

6.1%

99.6

99.3

10.6%

10

• The Europe Purchasing Managers Index monthly rate-of-change is also rising.

Together, these leading indicators suggest that Europe Industrial Production will enter a recovery trend in early 2020.

99.4

-1

13.1%

• The Europe Leading Indicator monthly value has been generally flat in recent months.

The monthly rate-of-change, which is more helpful in discerning business cycle trends, is rising.

99.5

0.1%

15.4%

Europe Leading Indicator:

Jul

Aug

Sep

-4.4%

Oct

98.7 0

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct '19 Editor’s Note: Please note that this chart has been modified on the Y-axis to show the trend more easily.

China Diesel Bus Production: • Annual China Large Diesel Bus Production in October totaled 30,717 units. Production was down 6.1% from 1 year ago, but the pace of decline is easing.

• China may be facing competition from Japan. Japan Buses Production, up 4.4% from 1 year ago, is in an accelerating growth trend.

0

Germany Industrial Production: • Germany Industrial Production during the 3 months through October was down 5.6% from 1 year ago. Recovery in quarterly Germany Motor Vehicle Production is contributing to a tentative recovery trend in Industrial Production.

• Rise in the Germany Leading Indicator monthly rate-of-change suggests that recovery in Germany Industrial Production is sustainable.

0

17.2%

16.3% 14.8%

15

-2

-5 -6.1%

11.7%

-7.1% -8.2%

9.9%

10

-10

-2.7%

-6.1%

-7.5%

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-4.1%

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-5.6%

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-8 -8.4%

0

Apr '19

May

10

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Annual % change

-20

Mar '19

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Annual % change in 3 month moving totals

-10

Mar '19

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

OEM Off-Highway | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

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value s. more nds, is

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OOH0120_8-11_Econ_SJ.indd 11

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COVER STORY: ONHIGHWAY MARKET TRENDS oemoffhighway.com/21105544

Connectivity, Electrification and Automation Drive On-Highway Vehicle Designs Growing market interest, as well as a desire to improve vehicle performance and reduce emissions are key motivators for manufacturers’ continued development of electric and autonomous vehicles.

by Sara Jensen and Curt Bennink

E

lectromobility, connectivity and autonomy are the three pillars on which the heavy-duty on-highway vehicle market will continue to focus its R&D efforts.

These trends were especially evident at the biennial North American Commercial Vehicle Show (NACV) held in October 2019, demonstrating their impact on the industry.

Electrification in particular has seen a large uptake over the past year in both the truck and bus markets. Volvo Buses announced in November it received its largest electric bus order yet in Europe; 157 of its 7900 Volvo Electric Articulated model will be used on a number of routes in Gothenburg, Sweden (learn more, 21095768).

Interest from end users in employing electromobility is on the rise, as well.

Orange EV announced in October it

was expanding its operations to a new site with five times the production capacity due to continually increasing interest in its electric vehicles (learn more, 21094264).

Growing development and investment in electrification is being led by both the industry and legislation.

Companies are looking to be better environmental citizens—and develop products which allow their customers to be as well—while also needing to provide solutions which meet current and future emissions regulations.

More vehicles entering the market In early December, Nikola Corp. debuted the latest version of its Nikola TRE Class 8 electric truck for the European market. It will be available in a battery-electric or fuel cell powered

NORTH AMERICAN COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SHOW

12

model, providing customers an option which best fits their needs.

The company has also formed a partnership with CNH Industrial and its IVECO and FPT Industrial brands to accelerate development of zero-emissions transport (learn more, 21104004).

Read more about Nikola’s various partnerships aiding development of its trucks at oemoh.com/21092174.

Electric vehicles could be seen at almost every booth at the NACV Show 2019. Freightliner, for instance, highBELOW LEFT: Manufacturers at NACV discussed the three pillars reshaping the commercial truck market - connectivity, automation and electromobility.

Pictured is the unveiling of International Trucks’ eMV. BELOW: The Freightliner New Cascadia includes Level 2 autonomous capabilities. RIGHT: The Nikola TRE is designed specifically for the European market and will be available as a BEV or fuel cell truck.

DAIMLER TRUCKS NORTH AMERICA

OEM Off-Highway | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

InternationalTruck.5defcc1ce964b.jpg

OOH0120_12-19_MarketTrends_SJ.indd 12

Manufacturers at NACV discussed the three pillars reshaping

FreightlinerCascadia.5df15c868b1ac.jpg

1/20/20 9:24 AM

lighted its eM2 and eCascadia electric solutions for the future. “In total, we have 200 battery electric vehicles on the road globally testing and pushing the technology forward,” says Roger Nielsen, President and CEO, Daimler Trucks.

International Trucks introduced its eMV medium-duty electric truck during the NACV Show; the model exhibited at the show is based on the diesel-powered MV Series. It was designed to accommodate three battery capacity options: 107, 214 or 321 kWh.

e

“It features a redesigned aerodynamic hood providing customers with superior visibility,” says Persio Lisboa, Navistar Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. “It also features an electric motor with over 474 kW, or 645 hp. The continuous power is over 400 hp (298.3 kW), which is available all of the time.

“The system actually contains two motors in one housing. It runs at peak efficiency across the entire operating range. We expect customers in a typical pickup and delivery application to be able to travel up to 260

mi. (418.4 km) on a single charge. This truck reflects what we expect to see in production in 2021.”

Navistar also announced the launch of NEXT, an electrification business unit that will be headquartered in Detroit (learn more, 21094504). Its objective is e-mobility solutions, with the goal of working with each customer to find the ideal solution for their operation.

“There is a large potential market for electric trucks. The economics of these vehicles are getting better every day,” says Lisboa. “Early adopters are finding there is no one size fits all approach. NEXT Mobility Solutions is a new business unit at Navistar whose mission is to make the move to electric as easy as possible. It goes beyond the vehicle to address the broader electrical ecosystem.”

The aim is to bring together experts in engineering, charging systems and telematics to craft a custom solution to address each specific application.

Volvo Trucks announced in December it would expand its electric truck offering to include concepts for construction and regional haul applications. “We see great potential for heavy-duty electric trucks for regional transport and construction in the longer term.

With our concept trucks, we aim to explore and demonstrate different solutions for the future NIKOLA CORP.

OEM Off-Highway | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2020

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construction and regional haul applications.

VOLVO TRUCKS

COVER STORY: ON-HIGHWAY MARKET TRENDS oemoffhighway.com/21105544

LEFT: Volvo is introducing electric truck concepts for use in construction and regional haul applications. BELOW: SEA Electric’s 100% electric tipper truck is battery powered and provides a maximum torque of 1,000 Nm.

VOLVO TRUCKS

while evaluating the level of interest in the market and in society,” said Roger Alm, President Volvo Trucks, in the press release announcing the new concept trucks (learn more, 21105443).

The Volvo Group has been researching electrified powertrain technology for the past decade. “Electromobility has been part of the execution model for more than 10 years now, starting obviously with buses — hybrids and fully electric buses. Now it is moving into trucks. It is being launched in Europe and North America in a number of truck models and also construction equipment and our marine segment with Volvo Penta,” says Martin Lundstedt, President and CEO, Volvo Group.

Volvo Trucks’ electric VNR truck with a fully electric driveline will be ready for market by the end of 2020 (learn more, 21036593). Sales of the Volvo FL and FE electric trucks have already begun in select European markets to meet increased demand for zero-emission solutions in urban environments.

“Global urbanization requires urban logistics and truck transport with zero emissions and less noise with increasing urgency. With the Volvo FL Electric and Volvo FE Electric we are able to meet both the strong environmental demands as well as the high commercial requirements of our customers,”

14

said Jonas Odermalm, VP Product Line Electromobility, in the press release announcing the start of sales in Europe (learn more, 21096012).

On-highway vehicles of all types are becoming electrified. In early December, Elgin Sweeper Co. announced the release of its plug-in hybrid electric street sweeper. The hybrid Broom Bear is powered by a high-capacity battery which can be recharged while the vehicle is driving or when plugged into an electrical outlet.

SEA Electronics, a power system supplier for medium-duty applications, has provided its technology for three different 100% electric vehicle applications in previous months—a tipper truck, a bucket truck and delivery trucks for IKEA (learn more, 21105887).

Fuel cells expand presence and opportunities Power and range remain areas of concern in the move to electrification and alternative power sources in general.

As such, investments continue to be

made in battery technology to increase their power output while also decreasing their size. The latter is an especially important aspect for trucking applications so as not to negatively impact their payload.

Hydrogen fuel cells are another area in which many manufacturers are focusing their design efforts.

NACV was the launch site for Hyundai’s HDC-6 NEPTUNE Concept. The hydrogen fuel cell truck has a drive system comprised of a 50 kW electric motor coupled to an automatic transmission, as well SEA ELEC TRIC as several hydrogen fuel cells (learn more, 21094610).

Interest has grown in recent years for hydrogen as a potential fuel source for heavy-duty applications because of the power density it features. It is also a clean-burning fuel as its only emission is water vapor. Hydrogen is plentiful, as well, ensuring scarce and valuable resources are not being depleted. Read the article “Hydrogen Proves its Potential in Heavy-Duty Applications” to learn more at oemoh.com/20866766.

Cummins also exhibited a hydrogen-powered truck during NACV. Hydrogen is the most recent technology in which the company has begun investing to provide customers with a broad portfolio of power solutions.

The company says developing the hydrogen fuel cell truck as a technology demonstrator is an important step in gaining valuable insights that are critical to continue developing the right solutions for the market and preparing for the next 100 years.

“In the long-run, the customers we serve will likely need more than one

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Increased automation and connectivity aim to improve productivity

battery capacity. The truck has a range of 150-250 mi. (241.4-402.3 km), however, that range can be extended with additional hydrogen tanks, by increasing the tank storage pressure, or by installing additional fuel cells to optimize management of the vehicle load factor. Many of the critical components of the powertrain including the PEM fuel cell, system controller, powertrain controls, wire harnesses and junction boxes, among others, were designed and developed

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type of power, depending on their specific markets, applications and use cases. We are uniquely positioned to help our customers select the right solution for their needs. Our deep technological expertise and global service and support network means we are able to help them transition from one technology to another at the time that’s best for their business,” says Thad Ewald, Vice President, Corporate Strategy at Cummins and leader of the company’s Electrified Power segment.

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ABOVE: Volvo’s autonomous 12 m bus is programmed to accelerate and brake in a smooth manner to ensure comfort of passengers. RIGHT: Scania is currently testing an electric, autonomous bus in Sweden.

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It was designed and integrated

by Cummins in Columbus, IN, and includes a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell from Hydrogenics, which was recently acquired by Cummins (learn more, 21086018).

The truck was designed for a 90 kW (120.7 hp) fuel cell and is scalable in 30 kW or 45 kW (40.2 or 60.3 hp) increments up to 180 kW (241.4 hp) and has a 100 kWh lithium-ion

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Freudenberg Sealing Technologies is another company which has recently entered the battery and fuel cell markets. The company is looking to expand its product offering to meet the needs of changing markets, and envisions using batteries and fuel cells together to provide the range necessary for applications requiring longer travel distances.

Connectivity is here now and is already reshaping productivity and the way fleets are managed. Components communicate with each other to drive efficiency, while the vehicles are generating an ever-increasing amount of data that is filling fleet management software systems.

As the number of connected machines continues to expand, data management and data-driven services will become a key performance differentiator. “Connectivity is the basis for everything,” says Lundstedt. “We have more than 1 million connected machines around the globe today. An enormous amount of data is generated.”

This data is key to driving uptime. All manufacturers have instituted uptime programs that watch for potential failures and provide the data needed for fleet managers and owners to make well-informed decisions.

“Remote diagnostics allows us to predict when certain components need to be replaced proactively,” says Peter Voorhoeve, President, Volvo Trucks North America.

“We can avoid that unplanned downtime. The same thing with over-the-air downloads. You don’t have to go to the dealership anymore for software updates.”

Typically, trucks might need software updates or change parameter settings a couple of times a year. Over-the-air updates allow this to happen while the trucks remain in the field in 20 minutes or less.

While autonomous vehicles continue to gain media attention, it will still be several years before driverless trucks are on the road. There is still a lot of technology which needs to be

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developed and validated. There are also the legal issues which go along with it such as who holds responsibility should there be an accident involving an autonomous vehicle However,

advances is autonomy will continue to progress and certain applications will see the level of autonomy increase throughout the next few years.

A recent report from Transparency Market Research indicates the logistics industry will be a key driver for autonomous trucks.

It projects the global automated truck market will achieve a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 55% through 2027.

Automation offers many benefits such as improving safety by removing the potential for human error to occur.

It is also seen as a way of overcoming the trucking industry’s driver shortage which is anticipated to continue

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increasing in coming years.

As such, manufacturers are investing heavily in R&D to progress to higher levels of automation in the future.

Freightliner became the first truck OEM to launch a Class 8 truck at the 2019 Consumer Electronics Show (CES). The Cascadia was the first truck to hit the road with Level 2 automation equipped with the Detroit Assurance 5.0 suite of safety systems. “We are committed to bringing SAE Level 4 automated trucks to the road within a decade and we began testing our automated trucks on the highways and interstate freeways in Southwest Virginia,” says Nielsen.

Automation comes in many forms and you must determine the best solution for your particular operation.

“What gets the most attention is Level 4 autonomy, driverless operations.

But for most, autonomy is at best driver-assisted systems,” says Lisboa.

“We plan to bring to market a Level 2 autonomous solution in the second half of 2020.”

Voorhoeve explains that automation is not really about the product but the

process. “We don’t sell autonomous trucks, we sell autonomous solutions,” he says. “We have Volvo Autonomous Solutions as a separate business area.

“If connectivity, electromobility and autonomy come together, then you connect the bigger picture,” he concludes. |

Read more about electric bus trends on pg. 26

NACV Show 2019 The North American Commercial Vehicle (NACV) Show is a biennial B2B trucking industry event focusing on the needs of fleet owners, managers and decision makers (learn more, 12270738). Over 473 exhibitors showcased the latest electric trucks, connectivity innovations and autonomous driving technologies to 8,466 verified commercial vehicle industry attendees during the 2019 show.

NACV will take place once again in Atlanta, GA, September 27-30, 2021.

Read contributing editor Curt Bennink’s full wrap-up piece, from which excerpts of this article were taken, at forconstructionpros. com/21097642.

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DRIVETRAIN SYSTEM: ELECTRIFICATION oemoffhighway.com/21105021

DRIVETRAIN COMPONENTS will EVOLVE due to Vehicle

ELECTRIFICATION Drivetrain systems and components are anticipated to see many changes regarding size, packaging and gearing as electrification continues to increase.

by Sara Jensen

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s electrification grows in many heavy-duty vehicle segments, it is also creating uncertainty regarding the future of componentry such as those used in drivetrain systems. How will it affect axle designs in the future? Will the gearing industry be impacted at some point?

John Bennett, VP and CTO at Meritor Inc., spoke on the topic during the Motion + Power Technology Expo (MPT Expo, learn more, 21024637) in October.

He said electrification will likely bring

changes to several parts within drivetrain systems including gearing.

“Electric vehicles are very disruptive to just about everybody in the commercial vehicle value stream,” he said.

Every aspect of a vehicle will evolve, from the largest to the smallest components. Freudenberg Sealing Technologies is one of the many manufacturers to have noted this. It says seals will still be necessary in some regards, but there will be fewer and the types utilized will change.

Because of this, the company has

begun to diversify its product offerings by investing in the development of batteries and fuel cells, as well as seals for use in electric power systems. Read more in the article “Freudenberg Focuses on Fuel Cell Development”at oemoh. com/21104539.

Changes to the drivetrain The most obvious impact of electric vehicles will be seen by those making engines and traditional transmissions.

“Your business is going to change dramatically in the future,” said Bennett.

This is already evident by the fact many engine manufacturers have begun to diversify their business, investing in alternatives including batteries and hydrogen fuel cells.

Bennett said less obvious impacts will come to light when optimizing electric vehicle designs. Changes can

Electrification provides opportunities for new packaging and layout of drivetrain systems.

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Meritor’s 17Xe is an electric axle designed for powering heavy-duty trucks up to 44 tons with a single drive axle.

better low-speed torque and better grade climbing,” he explained.

Alexander Eisner, Head of Product Communication, Off-Highway Systems at ZF Friedrichshafen AG, confirms that transmissions for electric vehicles will have fewer gears. For instance, three speed transmissions will be utilized for electric powered systems while four speed transmissions are commonly used in diesel powered equipment. The challenge, he says, will be handling the higher input speeds of electric motors versus those used in diesel powered machines.

Electric motors are being designed to reach much higher rpms than hydraulic motors or internal combustion

differences between a diesel engine C. R IN O IT and electric motor MER which impact the number of gears a battery-electric vehicle (BEV) will have. Advantages electric motors offer over a diesel engine include: be made to the front axle and front suspension, for instance, altering their • higher low-speed torque construction from what is typically seen • faster top speed, up to six times today which could affect aspects such • wider speed range as the amount of gearing necessary.

• wide efficiency zone.

If integrating an electric motor into What this means, said Bennett, is not an axle the design of the axle changes. all electric motors need a transmission There are various ways a motor can be integrated into an axle, and each has advantages and disadvantages that need to be weighed against the target application. The final architecture will ultimately impact the types of John Bennett, VP and CTO at Meritor Inc. gears used, the number of gears and bearings used, and whether a transmisMeritor Defense’s 3400 eISAS electric MERITOR INC. sion needs to be integrated as well. A independent suspension features a helical gearbox design which offers well-integrated eAxle may look similar efficient and quiet operation. to a conventional axle on the outside but will be very different on the inside.

The brakes change as well and the driveline goes away, explained Benwhereas a diesel engine does. Thereengines as a means of achieving better nett. “Every part of the drivetrain and fore, you can replace both the engine power density, explains Rob Kress, powertrain is impacted.” and transmission with a single electric Head of Off-Highway Electrification He noted there are four important motor—which is how most BEVs are Sales and Strategy at Dana Inc. Because of this, other drivetrain components currently designed. such as the transmission will need to be Direct drive BEVs eliminate the modified to handle the faster speeds. transmission, and thus any gearing that it would include, and just use an Packaging is one aspect that will electric motor. Bennett said this is the be impacted. Kress says drivetrains primary configuration used in China for electrified off-highway equipment and the simplest method of employing need to provide better packaging since electrification. electric motors are typically larger than Some BEVs, however, do use a transhydraulic motors. Batteries also take up mission; these types of vehicles are a lot of space, bringing about further starting to gain in popularity especially packaging adjustments. in North America and Europe where “The ability to use multiple motors customers value performance, said for propulsion instead of a single interBennett. He said there are a few advannal combustion engine opens up many tages to including a transmission such opportunities to redesign the driveas being able to downsize the motor. train and optimize vehicle packaging,” A smaller motor reduces cost and adds Kress. “All of these factors create weight and provides better perforexciting opportunities for drivetrain mance. “Like a diesel engine you get suppliers. In fact, we are a seeing a

“Every part of the drivetrain and powertrain is impacted.”

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DRIVETRAIN SYSTEM: ELECTRIFICATION oemoffhighway.com/21105021

larger variety of options and architectures for optimizing each different application.”

He says Dana’s high-efficiency Spicer Electrified e-Gearbox and e-Axle exemplify the new designs required to provide traction for electrified off-highway equipment. The e-Gearbox features a clean-sheet design to ensure compatibility with faster motors and minimize power losses as well as preserve battery energy (learn more, 21046296).

Dana’s e-Axle technology, on the other hand, replaces a traditional off-highway driveline with a configuration that

The Dana Spicer e-Axle concept replaces a traditional off-highway driveline with one featuring two independent axles powered by parallel-mounted electric motors.

vehicle than it is in a combustion engine powered vehicle,” he said.

A little under 10% of the total energy losses from a combustion engine are due to friction losses in the powertrain.

For a BEV almost one third of the total energy losses are friction losses. He said this demonstrates there is a lot of work yet to be done by component manufacturers to reduce drag and help OEMs increase electric vehicle range.

With electric vehicles there are new failure moments, as well, of which hardware manufacturers need to be aware.

A typical ball bearing on the shaft of an electric motor, for Rob Kress, Head of Off-Highway Electrification instance, was found to have Sales and Strategy at Dana Inc. its outer raceway process in the outer housing due to the lightDana used a clean sheet design for its Spicer Electrified e-Gearbox to ensure er loads and compatibility with faster motors. speeds being placed on it.

DANA INC. Hemphill said there features two indepenare a few things that can dent axles powered be done about this. The outer by parallel-mounted race of the bearing can be made thicker electric motors for to eliminate the possibility of race proimproved efficiency cessing, or a key can be placed in the and packaging. bearing raceway to mechanically stop it. He said it is also possible to just let it New factors to consider slide and ensure no damage is done.

Jeff Hemphill, CTO at Schaeffler There are a variety of coatings that Group USA Inc., said during his precan be applied to the outer race of the sentation at MPT Expo that range is a bearing to ensure there is no deteriocritical aspect for electric vehicles. Exration to the aluminum housing it is in, tending range to eliminate anxiety for as well. “We can get some extremely drivers is a key focus for many vehicle low coefficients of friction with some manufacturers at the moment. As such, of those coatings which helps with the suppliers providing components for issue of drag reduction,” he said. these vehicles need to make reducAn aspect Hemphill pointed out tions in friction loss and drag. “This manufacturers will need to be cogis even more important in an electric nizant of is that bearings will be ex-

“…we are a seeing a larger variety of options and architectures for optimizing each different application.”

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In In posed to electric currents in ways they never have before if installed in electric vehicles. “That can create some issues with the lubrication layer between the rolling element and the race,” he explained.

Electrical discharges can occur in the bearing, causing damage to it and the system in which it is integrated.

Hemphill said Schaeffler has some surface technologies that can help mitigate that such as ceramic coatings that can be put on the outside of the bearing to provide a high level of resistance. Read the article “Evolving Vehicle Designs Bring New Lubrication Requirements” to learn more about the effect electrification may have on powertrain lubricants at oemoh.com/20991680.

Hybrid ceramic bearings are also an option to prevent current from passing through the bearing. These are advantageous for high-speed systems because the rolling elements are lighter and therefore better able to perform at high speeds.

Future design possibilities Bennett said Meritor believes the motor will ultimately migrate into the axle. Integrating the motor into the axle opens up packaging space between the frame rails which can help make room for the batteries or other components.

Being able to put the batteries between the frame rails improves safety of the vehicle by keeping them protected in the center of the vehicle should there be some sort of impact to the vehicle. It also helps reduce weight as the batteries do not need to be cantilevered as they would if placed outside the frame rails.

Integrating the motor into the axle also opens up the possibility to reconfigure and optimize the vehicle design.

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The Schaeffler Mover uses a variety of gears and bearings, demonstrating that new vehicle concepts will provide opportunities for hardware component manufacturers.

Autonomous and electric vehicle concepts Jeff Hemphill, CTO at Schaeffler Group USA, said during the MPT Expo in October 2019 that concept vehicles like the Schaeffler Mover his company is developing could be a paradise for gear and bearing manufacturers. There are still aspects of these concepts which require gears, bearings and other hardware. And with some of the new features they include, there could be an even greater need for new hardware components.

He said a unique aspect of the Schaeffler Mover is that all four wheels can turn 90 degrees so the vehicle can rotate at its center and park sideways if necessary. The vehicle features an electric motor traction rover with planetary gear setting inside it.

There is also a three-step planetary gear set on the steering actuator which is on top of what the company calls the e-corner to do the steering.

“The fear of gears and bearings going away due to electric vehicles…maybe the opposite is going to happen if concepts like this take off,” said Hemphill.

Read more about similar people mover concepts in the article “Technology that Moves You” at oemoh.com/21047828.

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Basically, it gives the vehicle manufacturer the freedom to do whatever it wants, said Bennett. This can lead to completely new vehicle designs in which their appearance is completely different from what is seen today.

With these new designs can also come new packaging and placement of components. In a commercial truck, for instance, the electric motor may be mounted perpendicular to the axle shaft or parallel to it.

Either way, Bennett said gearing will still be necessary for these configurations.

Integrating a transmission into the powertrain system may occur in the future, as well. Again, Bennett said gearing will still be a necessary component, though the number and type of gears could change from what is traditionally used today.

For vehicle configurations in which more than one motor is used, such as those where a motor is located at each wheel to individually power the wheels, there may actually be a need for more gearing than usual. Bennett said that while in this configuration the main differential has been eliminated, the amount of gearing necessary is actually doubled He also noted that there are some direct-drive in-wheel motor technologies available with enough power to drive a vehicle, if used on multiple wheels. This he believes is the most disruptive to drivetrain manufacturers and those who supply components to them because no gears are required in these architectures. Currently this technology is very expensive and thus not widely adopted, but should the costs come down he said it could make a real impact on the industry.

Hemphill said new electric and autonomous vehicle concepts may actually provide opportunities for gear

and bearing manufacturers, instead of causing their business to diminish. For concepts such as electric and autonomous people movers or shuttles there will still need to be a gear train to get the power of the motor to the road as well as new actuation possibilities.

Smaller gears and bearings may be utilized, but more of them will be required. “[Change] is going to happen in an unpredictable way, but a big way, and there’s plenty of opportunity for hardware manufacturers,” said Hemphill.

The bottom line is electric vehicles are coming and components will be impacted. “I believe absolutely electric vehicles will impact the gear industry. The number of gears will go down as a result [of vehicle electrification] and the integration of electric motors,” said Bennett.

With the types of electric motors currently being used he doesn’t think the types of gears used will be affected. Noise, however, will become a more important factor for gear designs.

As electric vehicles are typically quieter due to the elimination of an engine, there will be an increased possibility of hearing noise from components such as gears that would otherwise be covered up by the sound of the engine.

Kress says that in the short term, gearboxes and elements closest to motors will see the greatest changes as engineers work to improve efficiency, accommodate higher rpms and improve NVH (noise, vibration and harshness). “When electric vehicles become more of the norm in specific off-highway applications over the long term, driveline architectures may change radically, resulting in a more significant impact on all driveline components,” he says.

Bennett concluded by saying manufacturers should not get caught off guard by the increasing transition to electrification. They should look at how their business may be impacted and start planning now for when electric vehicles become more prevalent in the market. |

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Electric Buses: ERRATIC PROGRESS Electric bus designs are evolving as their market adoption grows around the world. contributed by Dr. Peter Harrop, IDTechEx Research

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uses are boring? Not in the view of the 35,000 people attending Busworld in Belgium (learn more, 10611984) recently. Trying to make sense of what is an increasingly puzzling and erratic indus-

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try where the very meaning of what is a bus is being thrown into doubt.

For example, trams now wind through streets in China but on closer examination, these articulated vehicles in the shape of trams have no rails,

no catenary, and they will become driverless. We already have “Bus Rapid Transit� with dedicated lanes and platforms replacing trolley buses and trams, but China now blurs the difference. So do the new trolleybuses and

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trams that traverse city centers with no electric pickup by using their on-board batteries. The IDTechEx report, “Electric Buses 2020-2030” (www.IDTechEx.com/ Buses) makes sense of all this.

It notes that, taking things further in 2019, startup Neuron EV presented an autonomous electric bus-train. In this concept of a modular electric bus, the length of the vehicle can be modified to serve in a variety of ways. It can take on different forms including a minibus, transit bus, or an articulated bus that can be used for a variety of purposes for communities and infrastructures.

Further, the bus is made to be compatible with high-speed railways basically enabling it to convert into a metro train when needed.

In the UK, the railways have been

looking at commissioning bus companies to make single carriages that run on the rails using batteries where the cost of catenary is prohibitive. It is felt that the rail industry would overdesign such vehicles. Is this part of the bus industry?

No one knows if the new boxy little autonomous vehicles being trialled from Canada to New Zealand will be primarily “robotaxis” or “robot shuttles” meaning a new type of people mover or midibus. In principle, they could serve as hired cars, taxis, school buses and urban buses all in one day with many deploying to the edge of the city at night when demand is low. Read the article “Technology that Moves You” at oemoh.com/21047828 to learn more.

However, the devil is in the details Volvo Buses recently received its largest order for electric buses in Europe (read more, 21095768).

with concern about bullying and legal issues with unsupervised children in such vehicles. There will be robot taxis at the Tokyo Olympics in 2020 but IDTechEx and other experts warn that matching a human’s driving safety record anywhere, any time, in any weather, will not be before 2035.

Range is an important factor Range sells electric cars. Those with over a 300 km (186.4 mi.) range sell 100 times the number. This is because they eliminate range and financial anxiety. Resale value of short-range cars collapses to 20% in 3 years while long-range ones enjoy up to 60%.

The picture is not so clear with buses, where resale figures are almost non-existent due to them being kept for 8-20 years. Purchase decisions are typically based on total cost of ownership.

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Daimler’s Thomas Built Buses began series production of its Saf-T-Liner C2 Electric Bus in 2019.

If range sells buses, then Proterra is winner with over a 1,600 km (994.2 mi.) range for its pure electric bus.

Eurabus fits over double the battery at 790 kWh to reach “up to 650 km (403.9 mi.)” but neither of these companies is leading sales. That said, BYD, number two in China and on some counts number one in the USA and Europe, has claimed best real-world range of a mere 250 km (155.3 mi.) for some years.

China’s shifting electric vehicle market China is the world’s largest automotive market and there the government strongly controls both supply and demand, and sometimes suddenly changes what it supports. This could be seen regarding the withdrawal then reinstatement of support for hybrid

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buses that do not plug in.

Like some other regions, it has recently been phasing out subsidies for electric vehicles and this has made electric bus sales drop. Last year (2019) saw great activity in developing fuel cell vehicles because it was widely reported that they would continue to get subsidies.

However, in late September 2019, the Ministry of Finance announced that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will no longer receive government subsidies when China withdraws its financial stimuli by the end of 2020. SAIC Motor Chairman Chen Hong, a National People’s Congress deputy, had proposed that the central government continue its financial support. This was the first time that the authorities had made it clear that fuel cell vehicles will not be an exception when China stops subsidies.

Many had expected fuel cell vehicles to be exempt from the rule because the central government had not cut subsidies for them in anticipation.

Those for electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids had been slashed over the previous years.

“Some car makers have become over-reliant on subsidies and thus find it difficult to compete in the global markets. And despite the financial support, China’s fuel cell industry has not made breakthroughs and has not seen rapid development,” said the ministry.

Raghu Das, CEO of IDTechEx, estimates that there may be up to 1 million unauthorized buses in China taking children to school. He adds, “Indeed, recording is poor, but there may be 8 million buses in the world, including the small people movers, and,

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Continental is one of many companies researching and developing electric and autonomous shuttles - also referred to as people movers - as a means of transport.

if they were replaced in only 20 years (China aims at 8 years for urban buses) we get a huge demand for 400,000 electric buses yearly.” But he warns, “Such dreams are easy. The reality of accurate forecasting is a nightmare.

Who expected Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan to be taking a total of over 1,400 electric buses around now, exceeding the figure for many giant nations?

Vietnam seems committed to making and using 3,000 electric buses yet the adoption by the largest city in Europe, London, is pitiful, as is the adoption of electric school buses in the huge 400,000 school bus fleet in the USA.” Read more in the IDTechEx report “Electric Bus Demand Surging Outside China” at oemoffhighway.com/21079720.

CONTINENTAL

Evolving electric bus designs Commendably, the bus manufacturers and their suppliers are reinventing even their conventional-looking buses.

BYD uses in-wheel motors but many others use e-axles now to get range and passenger space.

Wide bandgap semiconductors and other routes to greater efficiency, including fewer cooling components, are among the electric bus advancement.

In the new IDTechEx report, “48V

Mild Hybrid and 48V Full Hybrid Vehicles 2020-2030” (www.IDTechEx. com/48V) it is forecasted that 48V full hybrid buses will beat conventional high voltage hybrids on cost before pure electric squashes them both.

Eaton has pioneered 48V full hybrid bus powertrains, and Daimler has 48V mild hybrid buses currently available in the market.

However, almost all the action is

now pure electric with many traditional bus suppliers losing share and technology leadership to newcomers.

For example, the solar roof on the Kayoola bus made in Uganda usefully extends range. In its report, “Solar Cars, Buses, Trucks, Trains 2020-2030” (www.IDTechEx.com/Solar), IDTechEx finds that solar bodywork is now a key enabling technology for many vehicles.

On the other hand, Bollore of France is

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Guess Who Connected Light Eq

The first and only fully electronically controlled 1-cylinder diesel engines.

The Hatz E1 series engines provide equipment manufacturers with improved efficiency in development, logistics and production. The E1 engines feature electronic fuel injection for better fuel efficiency and sensors that constantly measure speed, load, oil pressure as well as fully variable electronic throttle control. This technology enables the manufacturer itself to set the requirements for a wide range of applications using a single engine model. Equipment owners, on the other hand, can make use of the E1 technology to increase the return on investment in their machinery. The electronic control will enable a whole new level of monitoring and maintenance which is designed to proactively extend a fleet’s uptime. Hatz E1 series engines are not only solving the light equipment connectivity puzzle, they put all the pieces together for excellent small engine performance. HatzNorthAmerica.com

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Booth #5835 Booth #S-84106

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MARKET TRENDS: ELECTRIC BUSES oemoffhighway.com/21097496 PROTERRA INC.

cooperating with Nanyang University in Singapore on a large supercapacitor shuttle bus to rival those of CRRC, HIGER and Ankui Ankai in China.

Given the largely ongoing battery supply shortages, using one fifth of the battery by introducing various forms of fast charging is attractive and there are now many ways of doing this. For example, a leading developer

located in Israel is developing nonstop contactless charging through the road.

ABB Switzerland sells the fastest top up for buses. In New Zealand, contactless charging was pioneered and nonstop charging is still under development.

Read “ABB Collaborating with Nova Bus on Opportunity Charging in North America” at oemoffhighway.com/20862422 to learn

more about ABB’s charging infrastructure developments.

One certainty is that the rapid changes and new best practice for electric buses often occurs in unusual places with some of the largest manufacturers and countries sleeping through the future. |

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.

Teaching old dogs? No. But machines... We got this.

Remote Control.

Remote Configuration.

Access Management.

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ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS: LIGHTING oemoffhighway.com/21097848

Create Safer, More Productively Lit Environments Working with a lighting expert can help to optimize vehicle hazard, ground, scene, and surface lighting.

by Del Williams on behalf of Grote Industries

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ALL IMAGES COURTESY OF GROTE INDUSTRIES

Selecting the right lighting is essential to ensuring safety and productivity.

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electing the right quality of lighting is vital for various on- and off-highway applications. It is particularly so for those working in dangerous roadside or off-road conditions – such as field mechanics, rescue workers, telecom linemen, farmers, landscapers, plumbers, electricians, and other contractors.

It can can be the difference between life and death.

In these cases, safety is determined not just by using bright lights on the vehicle, but by producing optimal light quality to fully illuminate the environment and attract the attention of those nearby. Of course, it is crucial for hazard/strobe lights to warn nearby drivers of danger to prevent them from driving into the workspace.

Proper lighting is also required to effectively light up the ground and surroundings, so the vehicle can operate safely in any working conditions.

“Unlike traditional bulbs, the best LED lights today also can provide an even, high-quality white light color that is easier on the eyes and provides a contrast similar to natural sunlight for better visibility.”

Kevin Cornelius, Global Marketing Manager – Trailer and Body Builders at Grote Industries

Ground Lighting It is crucial for vehicles driving or backing up over uncertain terrain at night, sometimes in complete blackness, to have good ground lighting. This ensures the vehicle does not end up in a ditch, hole, or other hazard.

While some manufacturers still use incandescent or halogen lights for ground lighting, these tend to fail prematurely due to short bulb life and

high heat, which can put in-service/ field workers at risk.

Instead, Cornelius recommends the use of advanced LED lights, which can last up to 10 times longer than incandescent or halogen bulbs, with much lower power consumption.

Just as important, such LEDs can provide significantly better light quality, which equates to better visibility and safety in dark environ-

ALL IMAGES COURTESY OF GROTE INDUSTRIES

Hazard/Warning Lights It is critically important to get the attention of nearby drivers to protect any in-service field workers that could be in harm’s way.

SAE Class 2 warning lights are typically used for utility vehicles that work along roadsides, while Class 1 warning lights (with four times the intensity of Class 2 lights) are used for emergency vehicles like fire, police, and ambulance. A variety of colors are also used, such as red for emergency vehicles and amber for vehicles that obstruct or impede traffic.

“To alert other drivers, when service vehicles may unexpectedly stop, turn, or move out of regular traffic flow, it is easy to incorporate strobe lights in hideaway areas such as in headlamp, tail, turn, or back up lamps that do not require additional mounting. Beacons or bar strobes can also be added. There are many options,” says Kevin Cornelius, Global Marketing Manager – Trailer and Body Builders at Grote Industries.

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ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS: LIGHTING oemoffhighway.com/21097848

IES

Even in daylight having the right lighting solution can ensure optimal visibility for operators.

ments, where there may be no other nearby light source “Unlike traditional bulbs, the best LED lights today also can provide an even, high-quality white light color that is easier on the eyes and provides a contrast similar to natural sunlight for better visibility,” says Cornelius.

All ground lights should be mounted below the vehicle shining downward, typically at a -40 degree inclination, so the actual light source is not visible to the vehicle driver or others on the scene. “You don’t want to directly view the light source providing the ground lighting, or it can dilate your pupils, so your eyes are no longer adjusted for nighttime viewing,” explains Cornelius.

Scene Lighting Scene lighting is used when high-powered, long-range illumination is

required from a service vehicle, and usually takes the form of work lamps.

Again, advanced LEDs are used when safety is paramount, and night must essentially be turned into day. This can

help to eliminate work-related errors due to poor visibility.

There are different types of scene lighting available, some of which are better suited for specific tasks.

Proper lighting is essential to effectively light up the ground and surroundings.

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“When work area lights are used on the rear of the vehicle, flood or wide flood LED lights cover the broadest area,” says Cornelius. “To light up an area at a distance, we recommend trapezoid or combination light patterns. For long distance viewing, a spot light or pencil beam type pattern is usually the best choice.”

In terms of light quality, LEDs are far superior to halogens. Because the color of LEDs is closer to that of daylight than the yellowish hue of halogens, it appears brighter and can illuminate details of objects in the distance better.

LEDs also help workers see more at the edge of the scene, where traditional lamps tend to fade out. This improves safety and reduces eyestrain since it helps the worker more quickly and easily spot potential dangers and other important details. For the same reason, it also can increase worker productivity, particularly when the task lasts for many hours.

When making lighting choices for vehicles, working with an expert can help to optimize options for safety and productivity. The end result often reduces worker fatigue, stress, and error, while dramatically reducing maintenance, repair and replacement. |

This article was contributed by Grote Industries, and written by Del Williams, a technical writer, on behalf of Grote.

Surface Lighting Typically, surface lighting is called for when safe footing up steps or quick access to tools and equipment in compartments or truck beds is required.

While this can be accomplished by mounting LED lamps on the side of steps, or at the ends of compartments, an increasingly popular alternative is to install LED light strips wherever needed. Advances in thin-film LED technology not only produce brighter illumination, but do so using paper-thin, ultra-light strips that can be easily installed into the existing lighting power system.

The most rugged are resistant to damage from impacts, waterproof, and able to withstand pressure washing with hot water. They are also resistant to the most common chemicals associated with vehicles in the event of exposure or spills, including motor oil, diesel fuel, battery acid, gasoline, and brake fluid. Installation usually involves just peeling off doubled-sided tape and pressing the LED strips into place.

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ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS: CONNECTORS oemoffhighway.com/21095601

Four CONNECTOR Factors to Consider in Heavy and Off-Highway Vehicle Electrification IT T CANNON

How to choose the right connectors to improve machine performance and efficiency. contributed by Marcel Goedecke, Senior Product Manager, ITT Cannon

E

lectrified heavy vehicles are not a passing trend. Far from it.

In a recent OEM Off-Highway survey, 75% of respondents indicated that their companies will or might take steps to pursue electrification in the next year (learn more, 21069110).

It’s easy to see why. Electrification offers a host of potential benefits, including long-term cost savings, less routine maintenance, fewer greenhouse gas emissions, and cleaner, safer work environments — with more exciting IT T C ANNO N

prospects for the future.

But, as with any relatively new development, there’s still a lot of uncertainty around the best ways to implement it in vehicle designs. A commonly overlooked consideration is the high-power connectors within heavy vehicle systems. They may be small, but they play an essential role in making heavy-duty vehicle electrification possible.

If you’re thinking of implementing electrification in your heavy-duty vehicles, here are four factors that can help you determine which connectors are right for you.

Supplier powertrain experience is essential The high power metal circular CGL connector.

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The drivetrain is the most common starting point. As it’s become clear that electrification is a reliable alternative that

ITT Cannon’s APD 4-way High Voltage connector for transportation applications.

can increase vehicle performance, manufacturers are gradually moving away from diesel-only engine designs.

New designs frequently feature a hybrid approach that uses an electric motor to promote fuel efficiency and a downsized diesel engine to provide extra power for heavier tasks. As the electrification movement marches on and newer high-power systems are developed, fully electric heavy vehicle powertrains will eventually become the norm.

All of this can make it easy to overcomplicate things when trying

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e

Collaborating with component manufacturers on the right products for an electric vehicle design can greatly benefit OEMs.

to select the optimal interconnects for distributing power between units along the powertrain.

What many OEMs don’t realize is that while most hybrid powertrains can contain more moving parts than their diesel-only cousins, the basic functionality and principles of how they operate are still essentially the same. You can change the power source, however a powertrain is still a powertrain.

As a result, it’s a good idea to work with an established connector company when choosing your connectors.

A company that knows powertrains inside and out will be able to develop enhanced high-power connector products for your exact heavy and off-highway vehicle needs, using proven and robust connector designs that enable more power, voltage and amps. They can deliver products based on military standards for high power/ low voltage applications such as starter systems with robust bayonet coupling mechanisms. Or, they can combine robustness, thread coupling, and safety provisions through usage of ground contacts. The opportunities are endless.

The company can also help you strategically integrate these connectors into your designs to achieve maximum efficiency and performance.

Innovation is solving size and weight concerns Power distribution needs are at an alltime high as heavy vehicles continue to add precision systems and technologies. Ironically, because those same systems and technologies increase the complexity of vehicle designs — lead-

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ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS: CONNECTORS oemoffhighway.com/21095601

ing to constraints on available space and overall weight restrictions — they also make it difficult to meet new power requirements.

The solution? Connectors from companies that aren’t afraid to innovate The high power, low voltage CGE bayonet connector.

IT T C ANN

— and those that can find ways to do a lot with a limited footprint.

Innovative connector companies are pushing the boundaries of what’s

ON

possible in a compact connector as the demands and adaptation of vehicle electrification continue to accelerate.

Some, for example, are improving performance by developing hybrid connectors that contain integrated power contacts. These robust connectors are designed to transmit both signal and power in half the space of a single-function connector, making them the ideal solution for structured cabling within electrified vehicle applications.

Another important area of innovation is connector weight. As OEMs seek to reduce the overall weight of their machines, connector companies are developing alternatives to traditional pure metal connectors. The

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result is a new generation of composite connectors that reduce overall weight, but don’t compromise on performance.

These connectors are lightweight, cost effective, and can even provide protection from electrical interference with special interior shielding. This can help OEMs increase the reliability of their electrified heavy vehicles and reduce unplanned maintenance.

Harsh environment performance is more crucial than ever Workload demands are increasing across heavy vehicle industries.

Regardless of whether you’re in agriculture, construction or mining, you need your vehicles to perform day-in and day-out, year after year.

That’s why robust, reliable connectors are more important than ever — to ensure uninterrupted power and signal throughout increasingly complex vehicle systems.

Because electrified vehicles are known to improve performance and require less routine maintenance, some OEMs may be tempted to compromise on connector quality. But this can lead to signal and power disruptions. Your machines handle some of the toughest, dirtiest jobs on the planet. It only makes sense that your connectors would do the same.

For that reason, make sure your connectors are built to withstand everything end users will throw at them: shock, vibration, water and other fluids, humidity, mud, dust, heat, cold, and more. Material choice can be your advantage here. Metal, for instance, offers electromagnetic shielding capabilities. Plastic connectors, on the other hand, are less susceptible to vibration and can reduce shockwaves.

It’s a simple matter of evaluating your needs and potential environmental influences ahead of time and choosing the ideal solution to fulfill them.

The future is customization Electrification of heavy vehicles is happening faster than anyone expected.

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There’s a lot of uncertainty and few set standards for OEMs to follow. So, out of necessity, many of the connectors in your machines will be customized to some degree. For that reason, collaboration is the most important tool in your design arsenal.

If you’re developing a new solution, partner with a leading connector company from the get-go. The earlier you get them involved, the better.

When you work with the right partner, their engineering teams can function as extensions of your own, anticipating needs and providing solutions proactively.

This collaboration can help you build a better powertrain, ensure connectors are compact and durable, charge vehicles in minutes instead of hours — and harness the potential of electrification to build a more productive and sustainable future. |

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ASSOCIATION OF EQUIPMENT MANUFAC TURERS

CO N E X P O - CO N/AG G A N D I F P E

SHOW PREVIEW: CONEXPO & IFPE oemoffhighway.com/21108311

CONEXPO and IFPE 2020 to Highlight

New Construction Industry Technologies and Trends

An expanded footprint will provide even more space for OEMs and component manufacturers to showcase their latest technological innovations to the construction industry.

by Sara Jensen

IFPE- SOUTH HALL 3 STAND S83600

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www.walterscheid-group.com

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ASSOCIATION OF EQUIPMENT MANUFAC TURERS

URERS

2020 OVERVIEW MAP

North Hall, Central 1-2, and Festival Hall • Earth Moving & Material Handling • Hauling • Land Clearing • Lifting (Aerial & Cranes)

SAHARA AVE.

FESTIVAL GROUNDS HALL / LOT

Central 3-5 HILTON GRAND VACATIONS CLUB

SAHARA Las Vegas

• Aggregates Processing • Asphalt Production & Paving • Underground Construction

KAREN AVE.

WESTGATE HOTEL

Festival Grounds and Blue Lot

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• Earth Moving & Material Handling • Hauling • Lifting (Aerial & Cranes) • Underground Construction

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WESTGATE CONVENTION CENTER

CIRCUS CIRCUS

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

• Engines, Components, & Electronics Tech Experience

• Aggregates Processing • Asphalt Production & Paving • Land Clearing

• Festival Grounds • Silver 3

CENTRAL HALL 1-2

DESERT INN ROAD

BRIDGE MEETING COMPLEX

SOUTH HALL 3 SOUTH HALL 1

SOUTH HALL 4 SOUTH HALL 2

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SOUTH HALL LOBBY

NSO

• Concrete Construction & Manufacturing • Engines, Components, & Electronics • Infrastructure Support • Safety & Traffic • Trucking • Business Solutions and Jobsite Applications & Solutions

CENTRAL HALL 3-5

• Concrete Construction & Manufacturing • Infrastructure Support • Safety & Traffic • Trucking • Business Solutions and Jobsite Applications & Solutions

SILVER LOTS 1-2

SILVER LOT 3

Bronze Lot

South 1-2

BLUE LOT

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Silver 1-3

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South 3-4 and Bronze Hall

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GRAND LOBBY

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CONVENTION CENTER DRIVE

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BRONZE HALL/LOT RENAISSANCE LAS VEGAS HOTEL

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he triennial event CONEXPO-CON/AGG and IFPE is set to take place once again March 10-14, 2020. CONEXPO is North America’s largest show dedicated to the asphalt, aggregates, concrete, earthmoving, lifting and mining industries.

IFPE is the leading international exposition and technical conference dedicated to the integration of fluid power with other technologies for power transmission and motion control applications. It is co-organized by the National Fluid Power Association (NFPA) and located in South Hall 3 of the Las Vegas Convention Center.

With each iteration of the show comes an expanded footprint to provide the construction industry with even more technologies and solutions.

New in 2020 is the Las Vegas Festival Grounds, located on the Las Vegas Strip adjacent to the Circus Circus Hotel (learn more, 21022537). Transportation to the new area, as well as between other halls and lots at the Las Vegas Convention Center, will be provided to ease movement around the show.

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oemoffhighway.com/21108311

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BUCHER HYDRAULICS

As with any trade show, CONEXPO will feature a variety of product and equipment introductions.

Several OEMs have announced plans to introduce new equipment; Caterpillar for instance says it will debut

CH

New products on display

AE SP

The AXFP fixed displacement piston pump (pictured) and AXFM motor are available in multiple sizes with displacements from 18 cc/rev up to 76 cc/rev.

include a 10 x 22 ft. (3.05 x 6.71 m) smart city replica to demonstrate how the integration of sensors and analytics into infrastructure will enable cities to work smarter (learn more, 21083971).

The smart city replica will include: • Different city grids and how a city responds to heat, wind and storms.

• Connectivity in the city, including 5G, sensors, telematics and IOT. • Impacts of construction. The jobsite of the future within the city and how equipment will communicate.

ER

In total, the show will encompass 2,500,000 sq. ft. (232,257.6 sq. m) and feature 2,800 exhibitors, as well as over 150 education sessions.

Returning in 2020 is the Tech Experience which was first introduced at the 2017 show (learn more, 12208226).

This year it will be in two locations and

The Eberspaecher Titronic CHHV 50 G3 reliably heats off-highway vehicles with a hybrid or electric drive due to its PTC technology.

EB

CO N E X P O  CO N/AG G A N D I F P E

SHOW PREVIEW: CONEXPO & IFPE

nine new products at the show including five new hydraulic excavators. The new Cat M318 wheeled excavator improves operator efficiency by up to 45% with Cat GRADE, E-Fence and PAYLOAD options and delivers up to 10% lower maintenance costs with longer service intervals. The new 313 GC delivers low owning and operating costs through a simple design that is easy to operate, maintain

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Booth S82021

NEW 5” Graphical NEW Jog Dial Display

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CANect® Telematics Portfolio Featuring 4G for Europe!

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and own. The new 315 boasts a 13% larger cab and improved performance with up to 10% more swing torque and up to 14% more drawbar pull (learn more, 21108157).

Wirtgen intends to unveil 10 new machines at the show. Among these new pieces of equipment will be the company’s latest generation of large

KOMATSU

Bosch Rexroth’s MCR-S Radial Piston Motor is compactly designed to provide space savings.

BO SC H RE XR OT H

milling machines.

In total, Wirtgen will feature over 30 machines at its display.

While new equipment will be a highlight, Gradall will also exhibit one of its first hydraulic excavators which was introduced in 1945. The No. 3 Gradall machine is operational using 90% of its original parts along with its Linn carrier and a rebuilt Waukesha engine and track drive. The control valves, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pumps and boom assembly are all restored to working order (learn more, 21104157).

Komatsu says it will debut numerous machines as well as patent-pending technology under its theme for the show “Creating Connections.” Its booth will include equipment and technology for construction, waste, quarry and forestry applications. New and existing machines on display will include: • D51i-24, D61i-24, D155AX-8 LGP dozers • PC238USLC-11, PC210LCi-11, PC290LCi-11, PC360LCi-121, PC490LCi-11, PC1250-11 excavators • HM400-5, HD605-8 trucks

Dozers with Komatsu’s new Proactive Dozing Control Logic, such as the pictured D51PXi, will be among the machines the company intends to display at CONEXPO 2020 (learn more, 21082307).

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SHOW PREVIEW: CONEXPO & IFPE oemoffhighway.com/21108311

DOOSAN

Doosan’s DX35-5 mini excavator is among its smallest machines, and features a roomy cab for optimal comfort.

fsg-sensors.com

WORK HARD. WORK SMART.

• WA320-8, WA480-8, WA500-8 wheel loaders • GD655-7 motor grader • HAC high-angled conveyor • Conveyor idler stand • Forklift FH70-2 • Crusher - RF-5 reclaim feeder • Feller Buncher 465XT The company will also conduct an educational training seminar on Equipment Operator Best Practices for quarry managers and site foremen, helping them have a better understanding of how to maximize machine operation efficiencies. It will be held Wednesday, March 11 from 1:00-2:30 p.m. at the Westgate, Pavilion.

Doosan Infracore North America is introducing several pieces of equipment during the show, as well as its recently unveiled Concept-X autonomous worksite (learn more, 21104981).

Visit oemoh.com/21102727 to learn more about Doosan’s Concept-X autonomous worksite.

There will be several product debuts on the component side of CATERPILLAR INC.

FSG is proud to again be presenting a range of our intelligent products to help you work smarter and harder. Come see our solutions for outrigger monitoring, steering systems, and length, angle, and inclination measurement.

Come see The first joystick with an integrated color LCD touch screen South Hall / S81655

GERMAN SENSORS FOR AMERICAN MACHINES

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The new Cat 325 hydraulic excavators feature advanced engine technology and control systems which reduce fuel consumption by up to 25%.

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things, as well. Bucher Hydraulics, for instance, has announced it will introduce its new AX piston pump and AXM piston motor. They are based on a new concept which works on the principle of balancing internal forces by having two rotating barrel plates, facing each other and each having 12 pistons. This helps to achieve a high power density and limits axial forces (learn more, 21105853).

B&R Industrial Automation intends to introduce the new Automation PC Mobile 3100. It is designed to provide a combination of performance and robust form factor to handle the increasing demands of modern off-highway equipment applications (learn more, 21104151).

Eberspaecher Group will exhibit several thermal management solutions to ensure proper heating and cooling of off-highway equipment.

Among the highlights will be its new HK EVO4 head liner which is especially suited for use in harsh environments or very hot temperatures. The very thin ceiling air conditioner offers power of 10 kW and is designed for large cabins. It is also available in A/C evaporator versions (learn more, 21106199).

Bosch Rexroth will exhibit its MCR-S Radial Piston Motor and eGFT8000 Series Compact Drives, both of which were introduced in early 2019. The eGFT8000 Series Compact Drives combine a compact drive and electric motor into a single drive unit, helping to save installation space (learn more, 21048202). Its MCR-S Radial Piston Motor also offers a compact design which is achieved by repositioning the parking brake to the body of the motor and integrating a two-speed shifting spool within the motor distributor (learn more, 21048201).

Be sure to visit our dedicated IFPE & CONEXPO page at oemoh.com/ IFPECONEXPO for continuous updates on news and other content related to the show. |

B&R INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

B&R will exhibit a variety of electronic control solutions for offhighway equipment during CONEXPO 2020.

maxAI 430 TM

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SMALL MACHINES Benefit from Advantages of Battery and Remote Control Technology

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CO N E X P O  CO N/AG G A N D I F P E

SHOW PREVIEW: ELECTRIFICATION AND SMART SYSTEMS

Battery powered machines and remote control technology have opened new opportunities for smaller equipment.

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n preparation for the upcoming CONEXPO/CON-AGG and IFPE shows, OEM Off-Highway wanted to know what companies in the construction equipment industry were most looking forward to at the year’s biggest show.

Mike Martin, Vice President of Opera-

tions at Brokk Inc., provides insight into the technologies and trends the company anticipates will be at the show.

1.) What are you most looking forward to seeing at this year’s CONEXPO-CON/AGG and IFPE shows? Are there any particular technologies or trends you are most looking forward to seeing?

First and foremost, we’re looking forward to interacting with DYNAMIC TILTIX INCLINOMETER attendees. Trade shows like CONEXPO-CON/ AGG are a great opportunity for our team to catch up with current customers and share the benefits of remote-controlled demolition equipment with a new audience.

The company was founded in 1976, so Rough, Tough and Super Accurate it’s not like we’re the Acceleration-compensated inclinometers for precise new kid on the block tilt measurements - even under rapid motion, shock or anything. But recent and vibration loadings trends in technology and jobsite safety have Dual sensor system eliminates signal noise helped expand contractors’ understanding SAE J1939 & CANopen interfaces, IP69K protection of how robotic and See us at CONEXPO autonomous equipment can benefit their South Hall, Booth S84147 operations, and every www.posital.com CONEXPO-CON/AGG,

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we have a few new faces stop by the booth to find out what we’re up to.

We’re always developing more versatile machines and attachments, but these shows give us a chance to connect with not just our customers, but the industry as a whole to see what our engineers need to develop to meet tomorrow’s demands.

We’re especially interested in specialized attachments that can increase versatility and efficiency for our customers. Brokk recently unveiled a new lineup of BHB breakers, perfectly matched to our machines to offer the best possible demolition performance.

We also released a series of concrete crushers and an upgraded multi-cutter tool with our sister company, Darda, to increase operator safety and productivity on a variety of tough demolition jobs. Our product line features attachments for pretty much any demolition application, including shears, drum cutters, planers, buckets and more.

We’re always looking for creative solutions that allow Brokk operators to best use their machines, though, so we will be talking with attendees about what they need to get the job done.

Battery technology is another area we will be interested in during the show. A lot of contractors have found Brokk machines are an ideal solution for enclosed spaces, such as interior demolition, thanks to their compact size and emissions-free operation. The Brokk 70, one of our newest models,

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The Brokk 70 is compactly designed to aid operation in confined applications.

for example, weighs just 560 kg (1,234.6 lbs.) and can fit through even the narrowest doorways (learn more, 21083504).

The next evolution for demolition equipment is to unplug the machine completely, allowing contractors to maneuver freely around the job site. There have been great strides in battery technology — our own engineers are hard at work on a solution that provides ample power and duration — and it’s possible the breakthrough will come with the sharing of ideas that occur at shows like CONEXPO-CON/AGG. 2.) What are the main technologies or trends you’re seeing right now in the construction industry?

Electric and battery powered equipment has been trending for a few years now. Smaller machines that can provide the power of much larger equipment have opened up a number of new applications, such as interior and urban demolition, where large, noisy, gas-powered equipment can’t operate.

Brokk has been at the forefront of many advances in these areas. Last year we introduced our Next Generation lineup, featuring our signature SmartPower™ technology (learn more, 21008491). SmartPower senses when the power supply is poor or faulty, then compensates before damage to components occurs. This allows contractors to use the machine with generators or unreliable power sources.

new construction and renovation across our area of operation.

The labor shortage is still a concern for many employers, but automated and remote-controlled solutions, are giving these contractors viable options to keep the work moving forward. We expect the use of autonomous and robotic equipment on job sites around the world to continue to grow as more and more decision makers come to realize the safety and productivity benefits of products like ours.

4.) Does your company have any main technology or trends it will be focusing its exhibit on during the show? If so, can you give some insight into what those might be and how they fit in with current trends in the construction industry?

For more than 40 years, Brokk has been dedicated to providing

remote-controlled solutions to an ever-evolving demolition industry.

Our focus has always been incorporating the best available technology to create reliable machines that increase efficiency and safety across a number of applications. Over the years, the jobsite has changed, and as projects moved indoors and underground, our customers required units with a smaller footprint but just as much power as larger equipment.

The models we are bringing to CONEXPO-CON/AGG are all part of our Next Generation lineup and feature our innovative SmartConcept™ system, which maximizes their capabilities with the power management features of SmartPower, the added reliability and user-friendliness of SmartDesign, and the enhanced ergonomics and productivity of SmartRemote™. |

3.) How is your company currently viewing the construction industry – is the market seen to be positive, and expected to continue being so into 2020?

2020 is shaping up to be a positive year for our industry and our customers. Here in the United States, increased infrastructure spending across all levels of government has the potential to create a lot of opportunities. A healthy economy has also encouraged

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SHOW PREVIEW: AUTOMATION TRENDS oemoffhighway.com/21108241

AUTOMATION is Creating a Safer, More Productive Construction Industry

The trend toward automation is a way to overcome the challenges of a shallow labor pool.

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ONEXPO/CON-AGG 2020 will provide insight into the latest trends in the construction equipment industry. As such, OEM Off-Highway wanted to know what companies are most looking forward to seeing during the year’s biggest show, and what that says about the industry.

Keith Armishaw, Business Development Manager – North America,

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Aquajet Systems, provides his thoughts on what technologies and trends will be highlighted during the show.

1.) What are you most looking forward to seeing at this year’s CONEXPO-CON/AGG and IFPE shows? Are there any particular technologies or trends you are most looking forward to seeing?

The most exciting thing about any trade show, but especially CONEXPO-CON/ AGG, is getting the opportunity to interact with the public.

Hydrodemolition is being recognized as a safer, more efficient method of concrete removal by decision makers and contractors across the globe, but there are still people who don’t understand how it works or how it can revolutionize their process.

Opportunities like CONEXPO-CON/AGG allow our team to help foster understanding of not only the removal and repair applications Hydrodemolition can assist with — such as our Circular Power Head which efficiently removes concrete and other coatings

from pillars, piers, and other round structures — but other applications like industrial cleaning where Aquajet’s recent innovations, like the ERGO Rotolance Series, are really changing the game.

These shows are also a good opportunity for us to take a look around at what the industry is doing as a whole.

All Aquajet technology is developed with the goal of improving safety and efficiency by allowing operators to limit the use of handheld equipment on jobsites and use robots to “work smarter, not harder.” There has been a general trend toward robotics and automation across the industry, so we are excited to see how other manufacturers are using the technology and if there are any areas our customers see for improvement.

2.) What are the main technologies or trends you’re seeing right now in the construction industry?

We feel the current trend toward automation is not just a reaction to the availability of new and exciting technologies, but to the difficulties presented by a shallow labor pool.

The shortage of skilled labor is not new, but it isn’t improving, either. The industry has reacted with an increase in robotic and automated tools for a number of applications.

But automation offers more than just a better utilization of labor. It is changing our industry to something safer and more productive than ever before. A two-person crew operating a single Aqua Cutter 710 can

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Aqua Cutter 710V hydrodemolition robot

complete up to 800 sq. ft. of concrete removal in an hour, that’s 25 times faster than with handheld equipment.

3.) How is your company currently viewing the construction industry – is the market seen to be positive, and expected to continue being so into 2020?

The construction market has been generally positive through 2019 and we believe it will remain stable through the next few years.

Infrastructure projects are a big part of that, and a major interest for our customers. Funding for these initiatives seems to be steady at all levels of government. This, coupled with a greater understanding of Hydrodemolition benefits by project decision makers, has led to a very positive year for Aquajet.

4.) What do you think will be the biggest trends on display at this year’s show – will autonomous or electric vehicles be the big draw, or are there other industry trends you think will dominate the show?

Electric and automated equipment has been trending for several years, and, with ever-greater emphasis on safety and efficiency, we don’t see that changing in the foreseeable future.

With more than 30 years of experience, Aquajet has been ahead of the automated equipment curve, and we continue to innovate to meet the ever-changing demands of the industry.

We provide both electric and automated (robotic) equipment.

The Aqua Cutter 710V from Aquajet has an overhead reach of 23 ft.

AQUAJET SYSTEMS AB

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5.) Does your company have any main technology or trends it will be focusing its exhibit on during the show? If so, can you give some insight into what those might be and how they fit in with current trends in the construction industry?

At Aquajet, we’re all about new technical innovations and clever designs.

We have been for more than three decades. We have the experience, strength and ability to transform continuous R&D into increased safety, productivity and industry-leading value for our customers. We provide efficient, robust and environmentally friendly solutions for a growing number of applications and industries.

Above all, though, we strive to provide solutions that make everyday operations easier. Our robots are the most advanced Hydrodemolition machines on the market thanks to an array of innovative features and attachments options.

Together, they ensure top quality results at a high production rate with low costs.

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About the Author Keith Armishaw is the business development manager for the U.S. distributor of Aquajet Systems AB, Brokk Inc. He has more than 20 years of industry experience. His work with Aquajet focuses on enhancing support for current customers through industry-wide educational initiatives to increase understanding of the benefits of Hydrodemolition. |

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SHOW PREVIEW: ELECTROHYDROSTATIC ACUTATION oemoffhighway.com/21107043

ELECTROHYDROSTATIC ACTUATION Offers Opportunities to Improve Hydraulic System Efficiencies

E O

AEM discusses with Parker Hannifin’s Dale Vanderlaan the potential benefits of ElectroHydrostatic Acutation.

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ff-road industrial machines require multi-function implement operation with dynamic duty cycles. In many cases, machine implements demand short bursts of full engine power and brake dynamic loads requiring 50% or more of energy consumed. Many next-generation

52

machines reduce energy loss and improve productivity by incorporating hybrid electric approaches with energy storage. An efficient implement solution enabling the hybrid electric approach is essential to achieve maximum improvement potential.

This topic will be discussed during the education session “Fundamentals of Hydraulic Systems” taking place during IFPE 2020. The Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM) recently spoke with the session’s presenter, Dale Vanderlaan, R&D Engineering Manager at Parker Hannifin, to discuss ElectroHydrostatic Actuation, its benefits, what attendees can expect him to share at IFPE 2020,

and what key takeaways they’ll get from participating in his education session.

AEM: What are some benefits that can be gained by companies who employ ElectroHydrostatic Actuation, especially as it compares to some of the other technologies out there?

Dale Vanderlaan: ElectroHydrostatic Actuation is an extremely flexible solution, focused on improving hydraulic system efficiencies. Next generation off-road mobile machines will be electrically powered. Simply powering an existing pump and hydraulic system with a battery does not address the efficiency of the hydraulic system and will require a large battery which takes up a lot of space and can be costly.

By taking an ElectroHydrostatic approach to improve system efficiency, existing cylinders and system infrastructure can be used. Electromechan-

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SHOW PREVIEW: ELECTROHYDROSTATIC ACUTATION oemoffhighway.com/21107043

ical types of systems are not practical, so we know that hydraulic cylinders will not be replaced anytime soon. Not having to change cylinder technology is a significant benefit.

Addressing valve loss within a system is also key to improving efficiency. Changing the traditional hydraulic distribution method with a power-on-demand approach can be very beneficial with certain functions.

ElectroHydrostatic Actuation does not require a control valve to control the actuator, which eliminates the valve loss for a particular function. If applied to more than one function, additional valve loss can be eliminated.

The flexibility of ElectroHydrostatic Actuation should not be minimized.

Being able to apply it to the right need within an application is a key benefit.

The ability to distribute power through hydraulics is a definite advantage over an electromechanical approach.

And, finally ElectroHydrostatic Actuation enables energy recovery and it can be accomplished fairly easily in applications where it makes sense. Energy can be recovered and used right away or stored in the battery.

AEM: Do you feel the industry widely understands the benefits that can be gained from ElectroHydrostatic Actuation?

Vanderlaan: I think that the benefits of ElectroHydrostatic Actuation are understood in the industry. However, I donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t think that the flexibility of the approach is well understood. It does not have to be an all or nothing type of decision, there isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t a need to add complexity and cost to have a dedicated motor pump for every possible function. It is important to take advantage of the systemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flexibility and target ElectroHydrostatic Actuation to a function where it makes sense.

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AEM: What are some frequently asked questions you hear from manufacturers at this point in time about the technology?

Vanderlaan: Performance and cost are the two main areas of concern from manufacturers. The benefits of the technology need to be greater than the cost, and that really comes down to targeting a solution and picking the right technology for an application.

I believe that you can get similar performance for mobile applications and often better performance. The key is to understand what the requirements are and work to select the right technology to accomplish the goals. |

Read the full interview at oemoffhighway. com/21107043.

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This Gledhill Road Shaper, owned by the National Construction Equipment Museum, has been modified to work from a towing tractor’s hydraulic pump.

Road Planers and Shapers RUSSELL GRADER MANUFAC TURING COM PANY CATALOG, N. D., HCEA ARCHIVES

Towed road planers, shapers and finishers were originally used to grade surfaces before the advent of pull and motor graders.

by Thomas Berry , Archivist, Historical Construction Equipment Association

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efore the advent of any means of precisely controlling a grader’s blade, pull and motor graders were generally unable to put a crowned, finished surface on a dirt or gravel road. This work was done by towed road planers, shapers and finishers that lightly graded the surface with skids or blades that could be set to the desired profile. The blades were usually longer and not as tall as those on a grader, and came in several configurations.

The largest of these machines could work the entire width of a two-lane road in one pass, carrying material up from the shoulders and spreading it at the crown, and the blades could be swung into the width of the frame for transport. One machine, built by Russell Grader Company, used a single extra-wide blade whose end and center sections could be set to the desired

58

Along with a multiple-blade planer, Russell also offered the Road Finisher. It was drawn by 6-12 horses or a 15-20 hp (11.2-14.9 kW) vehicle, and its 15-ft. (4.6 m) blade contained two pivots that enabled it to be shaped to the desired road crown.

profile, and in 1916 Western Wheeled Scraper marketed a planer that could be converted into a grader for largescale patrol work.

Both the road planer nomenclature and the unwieldy multi-blade machines described above were apparently phased out in the 1920s, but smaller, one-lane road shapers were produced as late as the 1950s by the Gledhill Road Machinery Company.

When it was introduced in the early 1930s, the Gledhill road shaper was notable for having one of the earliest true hydraulic control systems to be used on a piece of construction equipment.

Towed behind a truck, it applied a veeshaped framework of skids to the road surface, and the shaper’s operator set the skids to the road’s profile by means of a system of cranks and a hand-operated hydraulic pump. |

The Historical Construction Equipment Association (HCEA) is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization dedicated to preserving the history of the construction, dredging and surface mining equipment industries. With over 3,800 members in 25 countries, HCEA activities include publication of a quarterly educational magazine, Equipment Echoes, from which this article is adapted; operation of National Construction Equipment Museum and archives in Bowling Green, OH; and hosting an annual working exhibition of restored construction equipment. The 2020 show will be August 28-30 in Concordia, KS (learn more, 10598970). Individual memberships within the USA and Canada are $35 for one year, $65.95 for two years and $99.95 for three years, and $45.00 U.S. elsewhere. HCEA seeks to develop relationships in the equipment manufacturing industry, and offers a college scholarship for engineering and construction management students. Information is available at www.hcea.net, by calling 419-352-5616 or e-mailing info@hcea.net. Please reference Dept. OEM.

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