ONYX Magazine July/August 2024

C E L E B R AT I N G B L AC K AC H I E V E M E N T T H RO U G H O U T F L O R I DA

July/August 2024 VOLUME 27 ISSUE 4

Family Favorites

BLACKOWNED BUSINESSES:

A LOOK AT THEIR STATUS IN AMERICA

From Vacation Spots to School Supplies, We Have it Here

The Black Vote A Focused Lens on the 2024 Election and Young Black Male Voters

BE COOL IN THE POOL

IMPORTANT SAFETY TIPS FOR A HOT SUMMER

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MAN OF THE YEAR

INTERNATIONAL MAN OF HONOR

PUBLISHER’S AWARD

COMMUNITY ADVOCACY AWARD

RICH BLACK VANGUARD AWARD

ERROL L. “DOC” HOLLIDAY, SR.

SIR FRANKLYN WILSON, K.C.M.G.

THE HONORABLE BUDDY DYER

DICK BATCHELOR

DENTON K. GIBSON, PH.D.

HUBBLE TELESCOPE ENGINEER

BUSINESSMAN AND PHILANTHROPIST

MAYOR

RET./U.S. NAVY-RET. BLK LEGENDS OF SILICON VALLEY-STEM/NAJL.ORG

THE BAHAMAS

BROUGHT TO YOU BY

CITY OF ORLANDO

FOUNDING PARTNER

PRESIDENT & CEO DICK BATCHELOR MANAGEMENT GROUP

PRESENTING SPONSOR

LAUNCH DIRECTOR NASA

CONTENTS 6

From the Publisher

7

Elevate – Mid-Year Check In on New Year’s Resolutions

8

Black History – Pioneers in Mental Health Advocacy

10 Smart Tips – Affordable Ways to Make the Most of Your Summer 12 Day Tripping – Summer Shopping Hot Spots Across Florida 13 Travel – Secret Getaway in South Carolina 15 Lift Orlando – The Greats of West Lakes: Dr. Alzo Reddick 16 A CALL TO ACTION INSPIRED BY "WE THE PEOPLE" 18 Black Business Month – Support Black Businesses 20 The Quad – What’s Happening on College Campuses 22 Music & Entertainment 23 ONYX Reads – Taking It Easy with Books for the Beach 24 Art & Culture – Smithsonian Acquires Largest Collection of Slave Badges 27 School Supplies – Your entire list here 28 Information on Amendment 3 30 Florida Scope – News from Around Florida 31 Beyond Florida – News from Around the Nation 32 Perspective – College, the Great Equalizer?/ Education Solutions

46

35 Real Estate – The Down Payment: Are These Myths Keeping You from Homeownership?

36 ONYX on the Move – ONYX Magazine in the Community 38 Community – News from Florida Communities 39 Family – Be Cool in the Pool, Water Safety 40 Real Estate: The Historical Roots, of the racial wealth gap

COVER STORY

A FOCUSED LENS ON THE 2024 ELECTION AND YOUNG BLACK MALE VOTERS 4 ONYX MAGAZINE

42 SAGE – Seniors Volunteering Together 45 Workplace – How to Build Your Emotional Intelligence 46 Feature – The Black Vote: Focus on the 2024 Election and Black Men 48 Education: Home Base - get the summer camp experience at home 50 Health/Wellness – Childhood Obesity 52 Medically Speaking – Recognizing Minority Mental Health Awareness Month 54 Food & Wine – Fruity Sensation: A Yummy Summer Punch

ONYX MAGAZINE 5

FROM THE PUBLISHER

PUBLISHER/EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Rich Black EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT Sade Cole VICE PRESIDENT Deidre “Dee” Parker VICE PRESIDENT OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES Nancy Port Schwalb MANAGING EDITOR D. Shenell Reed, M.B.A. ASSOCIATE EDITORS Gayle Andrews Penny Dickerson Sharon Fletcher Jones Nancy Port Schwalb

Dear Family, Thank you for picking up this issue of ONYX Magazine. Without our community, we would not have made it to 27 years! Every year is a milestone for us as we grow our readers and our events. Please continue to support positive Black media and ask five friends to subscribe to ONYX Magazine. We want everyone in our communities to be informed about what’s important, because we have work to do.

To start, we have a huge decision to make in just a few months: who will the president of the United States for the next four years? Research shows that the gap at the poles is caused by Black men. According to a Pew Research report, our brothers vote less than any other demographic. Let’s be intentional about making sure Black men are informed and ready to cast their votes on November 5. They could make the difference this nation needs.

Also, our community has long turned to friends and family to help with mental health issues. While they are great resources, we must consider leaning on a community of experts. July is BeBe Moore Campbell Minority Mental Health Awareness Month. We can use the tools specialists have provide to help us get healthy. This issue has some easy-to-follow information.

Finally, it’s summer and we want to get out of the house. In these pages are places to go and things to do—all as a family.

Want to get in some pool time? We show you how to be safe.

Want a quaint family getaway? We have just the island for you.

Just be sure to get in the fun times before school starts back in the fall. Soon, you’ll be picking up school supplies, but you don’t have to guess. We have a great list to ensure your kids have everything they need. All this and a look at the status of Black businesses in America.

EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Micah Barkley MAGAZINE DESIGN TEAM Design2Pro GRAPHIC DESIGNERS Jon Burton Damonic Robertson BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTOR Matt deJager CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Micah Barkley, Joseph Dean, Penny Dickerson, Guenet Giddens-Roberts, Deloris Grant, Faith Katunga, Rebecca Leppert, Pamela Keye, Ph.D., Yolonda D. Tyler CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHERS Mary Maxwell ONYX ADVISORY COMMITTEE Nancy Port Schwalb, Chair Deidre Parker, Immediate Past Chair Ricky Anderson Dick Batchelor Bob Berryhill Dr. Lavon Bracy Bryon Brooks Sherri Brown Marva Brown Johnson Hon. Mable Butler

Yolanda Cash Jackson Dr. Cynthia Chestnut John Crossman Quibulah Graham Gary Hartfield Barbara Hartley Ann Jenkins Eugene Jones

Connie Kinnard Larry Lee, Jr. Brenda March Gail Thomas-DeWitt Hon. Alan Williams Carla Williams Dr. Samuel Wright

FOUNDERS

As always, we aim to entertain, inspire and inform. We hope to see you soon at one of our upcoming events. Until then, enjoy your summer.

Sincerely, Lester and Lillian Seays

Rich Black

6 ONYX MAGAZINE

ONYX Magazine is published by ONYX Communications and Media Group, Inc., Address: P.O. Box 555672, Orlando, Florida 32855-5872. Phone 321-418-7216. Subscription rate is $22.98 for six issues. For subscriptions and notification of address change, contact ONYX Magazine at the above address or e-mail us at info@onyxmagazine.com. Letters to the editor are encouraged. Copyright 2024 by ONYX Magazine. All rights reserved. No part of the publication may be reproduced without written consent of the publisher. Opinions expressed in this magazine are those of the writer or interviewee and not necessarily those of the publisher. Manuscripts, photos and art should be submitted with a self-addressed stamped envelope. The publisher does not assume responsibility for any materials not submitted in manner advised. Unsolicited materials are not subject to payment from ONYX Magazine.

ONYX MAGAZINE SALUTES

INEZ LONG PRESIDENT, BBIF FLORIDA

A

business leader and community champion, Inez Long passed away on June 29, 2024. She was president and CEO of BBIF Florida. Started in 1987, the BBIF Florida is a mission driven, not-for-profit, Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI) that focuses on providing capital to Black, minority and underserved small businesses. BBIF’s mission is to develop and promote Black business enterprises though education, training, loans and advocacy.

Long led BBIF through its certification as a Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI), by the US Department of the Treasury in 1994, its statewide expansion of loan services through administration of a $8.5 million loan fund in 2009, its selection as an SBA Community Advantage lender in 2011, its $93.5 million in federal New Markets Tax Credits allocation awards in 2014, 15, 16, 18 and 19, its $3.3 million in FA awards in 2014, 2017, 2018 and 2019, its creation of $12 million in NMTC loan pools for minority businesses, its opening satellite offices in Miami, Jacksonville and most recently Tampa, and its selection as one of three initial CDFI’s to be nationally recognized and received a $1 million Wells Fargo Bank Diverse Community Capital grant.

BBIF Florida has provided over $69.6 million in loans to over 516 Black and minority businesses, created and sustained over 14,225 jobs all while maintaining a historical loan loss rate of less than 4 percent; invested in and leveraged over $475 million in community economic development projects. During COVID-19, BBIF processed over 900 applications and provided $14.2 million in SBA Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans to 450 minority businesses preserving 2333 jobs and worked with two local governments in Orlando and Miami to process over $4 million in CARES grants and loans to hundreds of small businesses.

Long had 35 years of combined experience in the financial services industry. She began her professional career in commercial banking in Credit Management and Commercial Lending

with Florida National Bank, First Union and SunTrust banks in Orlando.

Long, a recipient of ONYX Magazine’s Women on the Move Community Leadership Award, also was presented by the Opportunity Finance Network the Ned Gramlich Lifetime Achievement award for Responsible Finance, the CDFI industry’s highest individual honor.

She currently served on the national boards of Expanding Black Business Credit (EBBC), Association for Enterprise Opportunity (AEO), and the National Community Advisory Board for Fifth Third Bank. Mrs. Long has previously served on the national and local boards of the following organizations: the Opportunity

Finance Network (OFN), Community Advisory Committee for TD Bank, Wayne Densch YMCA (Pine Hills), WMFE Public Broadcasting Company, the African American Chamber of Commerce of Central Florida and the Central Florida Expressway Authority, previously the Orlando Orange County Expressway Authority (a gubernatorial appointment). Long is a member of the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. She earned a bachelor’s degree in Accounting at the University of South Florida and a master’s degree in Business Administration from the University of Central Florida.

Long married Fitzhugh Long and they have three adult children.

ONYX MAGAZINE 7

BLACK HISTORY

FORWARD THINKERS THESE BLACK PIONEERS HELPED SHAPE THE MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSION.

BY MICAH BARKLEY

B

lack pioneers have made significant contributions to the mental health advocacy field that serve as pillars of inventiveness and perseverance. They have created a long-lasting impact, from trailblazers who confronted stigma to those who developed therapeutic approaches based on cultural awareness. Through their efforts and ideas, these professionals shaped the profession and cleared the path for today's more inclusive and efficient mental health treatment systems.

Mental Health America shares a few important people who have shown that their experiences serve as a powerful reminder of diversity's critical role in fostering an equitable and caring approach to mental health.

HERMAN GEORGE CANADY, PH.D. Herman George Canady, Ph.D., was a vanguard in American legal history and human rights activism. In 1961, Canady became the first African American lawyer admitted to the Florida Bar, breaking important racial barriers in the legal field. His historic accomplishment cleared the path for more diversity in the legal system and opened doors for upcoming generations of Black attorneys. Canady committed himself to the battle for equality and civil rights throughout his professional life. He aggressively supported desegregation and equal access to jobs and education by participating in crucial court cases during the Civil Rights Movement. Beyond the judicial arena, he also engaged in community action and mentored aspiring Black attorneys.

Herman George Canady's legacy is distinguished by his bravery, tenacity, and dedication to justice.

Canady died in 1970.

E. KITCH CHILDS, PH.D. E. Kitch Childs was a major player in Chicago's Gay Liberation Front and co-founded the Association 8 ONYX MAGAZINE

for Women in Psychology in 1969.

Serving LGBTQ+ people, HIV/AIDS patients, and other marginalized groups, she operated her therapy practice and was a trailblazing leader for women in psychology and the LGBTQ+ community. Childs pioneered in her field and relentlessly fought for equity and representation with her feminist therapy, which concentrated on the distinct experiences of Black women and feminist theory. Childs died in 1993.

LINDA JAMES MYERS, PH.D. Renowned psychologist and academic Linda James Myers, Ph.D., is well-known for her contributions to psychology, especially in multicultural counseling, African American psychology, and mental health activism. She has had several academic roles, including Associate Professor of Psychology and Director of Clinical Training at Ohio State University. Myers contributes to the development of therapy modalities that are sensitive to cultural differences and tailored to the needs and circumstances of African Americans and other underprivileged groups.

She is well-versed in the areas of racial identity formation, multicultural counseling skills, and inequities in mental health. Besides her scholarly positions, Myers has passionately engaged

in professional associations like the American Psychological Association (APA) and the Association of Black Psychologists (ABPsi). In these forums, she has championed the causes of social justice, diversity, and inclusiveness in psychology. Her research, education, and activism work has advanced culturally appropriate psychological techniques and promoted mental health equity for marginalized communities.

MAXIE CLARENCE MAULTSBY, JR., M.D. Dr. Maultsby developed the rational behavioral therapy approach to psychotherapy. In his study and approach to therapy, Dr. Maultsby investigated behavioral and emotional self-management.

One of Dr. Maultsby's singular accomplishments is elevating emotional self-help to a valid area of study for both therapeutic and scientific purposes. He developed a thorough system of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy and counseling through rational behavior therapy, which integrated the most recent neuropsychological findings on how the brain functions about behavioral and emotional self-control in a way that was therapeutically helpful. The first complete, short-term, drugfree, cultural psychotherapy approach that yields long-term therapeutic effects is the cognitive-behavioral therapy and counseling method developed by Dr. Maultsby. Apart from penning books for medical professionals who work as therapists and counselors, Dr. Maultsby is the author of four groundbreaking books outlining his approach to emotional self-help, rational self-counseling.

Micah Barkley is a senior at Florida A&M University studying broadcast journalism. She is the editor-in-chief of the FAMUan, FAMU's student newspaper.

BLACK HISTORY

A

PIVOTAL MOMENTS IN BLACK HISTORY

frican Americans have made enormous historical contributions and accomplishments that have influenced the development of American society.

From the early fights for freedom and civil rights to the ground-breaking successes in a variety of sectors, these significant events demonstrate the Black community's tenacity, bravery, and inventiveness. Black History Today explores significant historical occurrences and personalities that have had a lasting influence on the country, highlighting the significant influence of African American heritage on the political, social, and cultural scene.

people were injured and an estimated 300 people, mostly African Americans, died because of the massacre. Due to the destruction of the two African American hospitals, the precise number of injured African Americans is still unknown.

More than 10,000 African Americans were left homeless because of the violence, which also destroyed 1,256 dwellings across a 35-block span. In addition, more than 6,000 African Americans were taken into custody at the Fairgrounds and Convention Hall; some of them were kept for as long as eight days.

THE TULSA RACE RIOT The richest African American neighborhood in the country, Greenwood in Tulsa, Okla., was destroyed by a large-scale racial riot that occurred between May 31 and June 1, 1921. An African American man was reportedly being safeguarded by the sheriff and his deputies in jail when an armed white lynch mob tried to take him. This is how the violence supposedly started. Armed African Americans then showed up to back the sheriff, sparking an armed conflict between Tulsa's African American community and its white citizens.

Hundreds of white people invaded Greenwood, also known as "The Negro Wall Street," and committed murder, looting, and arson as the battle worsened. Aerial strikes were also a part of the assault; aircraft fired and dropped firebombs into the neighborhood. Over 800

FIRST BLACK WOMAN IN SPACE Dr. Mae Carol Jemison became the first African American woman to travel in space when she boarded the Space Shuttle Endeavour on September 12, 1992. Jemison, born in Decatur, Alabama, on October 17, 1956, enrolled in Stanford University at sixteen.

In 1977, he graduated with a B.S. in chemical engineering and a B.A. in African and Afro-American Studies. In 1981, she graduated as a Doctor of Medicine from Cornell Medical College. Jemison worked as a Peace Corps Medical Officer from 1983 to 1985 after earning her medical degree.

Dr. Mae Carol Jemison became the first African American woman to be chosen by NASA for the astronaut program on June 4, 1987. Her participation as a Mission Specialist on the STS-47 space mission from September 12 to September 20, 1992, solidified her legacy even more.

NASA lost Dr. Jemison in March 1993. She taught environmental studies at Dartmouth College before taking a position as a professor-at-Large at Cornell University. Jemison also founded and serves as president of The Jemison Group, Inc. and BioSentient Corporation.

AFRICAN AMERICAN EXPLORES THE NORTH POLE Matthew Henson was an African American explorer who accompanied Robert Peary on seven voyages to the Arctic over a period of nearly 23 years. He is best known for his participation in the 1908–1909 expedition that claimed to have reached the geographic North Pole on April 6, 1909. Henson said he was the first of their party to reach the North Pole. During their 1908–09 expedition to Greenland, Henson was one of the six men–including Peary and four Inuit assistants – who claimed to have been the first to reach the geographic North Pole. In 1989, Wally Herbert published research that found that their expedition records were unreliable and indicated an implausibly high speed during their final rush for the pole, and that the men could have fallen 30–60 miles (48–97 km) short of the pole due to navigational errors.

Henson achieved a degree of fame for participating in the expedition, and in 1912, he published a memoir titled A Negro Explorer at the North Pole. In 1937, he was the first African American to be made a life member of The Explorers Club.

Compiled by Micah Barkley ONYX MAGAZINE 9

SMART TIPS

S

5

AFFORDABLE WAYS TO MAKE

THE MOST OF SUMMER

ummer is just around the corner! With the kids out of school, it's the perfect time to plan a trip or two and spend quality time together as a family. However, family vacations can get pretty pricey. With booking hotel rooms, flights and more, a summer trip can put a strain on your wallet.

This summer, you can make the most of the sunny season while sticking to your budget using these five tips.

trip 2.5 to 7.5 months in advance. If you’re just starting to plan a vacation by September, book as quickly as possible.

In addition to flights, accommodations, concerts and activities like summer camp can sell out months in advance. To make sure your family doesn't miss out on the fun, book ahead. Booking early not only secures your spot, but you can also get some discounts.

1. BOOK EARLY

Watch for promotions and special offers on activities, attractions and events. Check an organization or company's websites and social media accounts to make your summer outings more budget-friendly.

Another way to save is to see if any of your existing accounts or services have member perks. For example, T-Mobile customers on qualifying plans now have Magenta Status, which

Don't wait! One of the best ways to make the most of your summer and save is to plan ahead and book early. This is especially true when planning air travel.

According to the CheapAir.com Annual Airfare Study, a fare will change 49 times on average from the day the trip first goes on sale. If you want affordable, flexible flights, aim to book your 10 ONYX MAGAZINE

2. LOOK FOR DEALS

unlocks VIP treatment with premium one-ofa-kind deals and experiences across nationally loved brands. One amazing perk of Magenta Status is getting a special rate at Hilton's 22 leading hotel brands worldwide and automatic upgrade to Hilton Honors Silver status when you sign up for a Hilton Honors membership. Silver benefits include free Wi-Fi, a fifth night free on rewards stays, an all-inclusive spa discount and more. To learn more, visit T-Mobile.com/Status.

3. EXPLORE THE GREAT OUTDOORS Nature offers endless entertainment for free or on the cheap. It's no wonder that 26% of Americans plan to take an outdoor trip this year, according to Forbes.

For day trips, head to a nearby regional or state park for a hike and picnic or catch some waves at the beach. If you're seeking longer excursions, plan a family camping trip. If you

SMART TIPS

don't have the right gear, don't feel pressured don't have the right gear, don't feel pressured to spend a ton of money. Ask family and friends to spend a ton of money. Ask family and friends to borrow tents, sleeping bags, coolers, lanterns to borrow tents, sleeping bags, coolers, lanterns and camp cookware. and camp cookware.

As long as you pack your snacks, sunscreen As long as you pack your snacks, sunscreen and sense of adventure, you can make lasting and sense of adventure, you can make lasting memories in nature without draining your bank memories in nature without draining your bank account. account.

Brand Point Media

4. HIT THE ROAD 4. HIT THE ROAD

Pack the car and get ready for a good old-fashPack the car and get ready for a good old-fashioned road trip! A family road trip can be an ioned road trip! A family road trip can be an exciting and budget-friendly vacation where the exciting and budget-friendly vacation where the journey there can be just as fun as the destinajourney there can be just as fun as the destination. tion.

Plan a weeklong trip to a historic site, a natural Plan a weeklong trip to a historic site, a natural wonder or a city you've never visited. No matter wonder or a city you've never visited. No matter where you choose to go, preparation is key. Load where you choose to go, preparation is key. Load up the car with snacks, games, movies and all your up the car with snacks, games, movies and all your device charging cords. Don't forget to stop along device charging cords. Don't forget to stop along the way. You may be surprised at the hidden gems

you discover on the way to your destination. the way. You may be surprised at the hidden gems If you'd like to keep the miles off your car, you discover on the way to your destination. don't stress! Renting a car with extra ameniIf you'd like to keep the miles off your car, ties is an affordable way to make a road trip don't stress! Renting a car with extra amenicomfortable and convenient. If you're a T-Moties is an affordable way to make a road trip bile customer, renting a gas or electric vehicomfortable and convenient. If you're a T-Mocle is a breeze. Best of all, you won't have to bile customer, renting a gas or electric vehiworry about filling up the gas tank at Dollar or cle is a breeze. Best of all, you won't have to recharging your electric vehicle (EV) at Hertz worry about filling up the gas tank at Dollar or before returning it. recharging your electric vehicle (EV) at Hertz before returning it.

5. PLAN A STAYCATION

Sometimes, the best summer memories are made right at home. Staycations surged in popuSometimes, the best summer memories are larity during the pandemic, and an international made right at home. Staycations surged in popustudy found that the travel trend is unlikely to larity during the pandemic, and an international flag anytime soon. A trip where you stick close to study found that the travel trend is unlikely to home with loved ones can't be beat for affordflag anytime soon. A trip where you stick close to ability and convenience. home with loved ones can't be beat for affordNeed some staycation ideas? Turn your ability and convenience. living room into a day spa, host a game night,

5. PLAN A STAYCATION

camp in your backyard or plan a scavenger Need some staycation ideas? Turn your hunt. The only limit is your imagination. If you living room into a day spa, host a game night, want to look a little farther afield, use your camp in your backyard or plan a scavenger staycation to explore your town! During the hunt. The only limit is your imagination. If you summer, your town or city may host celebrawant to look a little farther afield, use your tions and festivals your family can enjoy. Find staycation to explore your town! During the out if local museums, theme parks and comsummer, your town or city may host celebramunity centers offer discounts to children, tions and festivals your family can enjoy. Find students and families. out if local museums, theme parks and comMake a list of upcoming summer blockbustmunity centers offer discounts to children, ers and hit the theaters. If you have T-Mobile students and families.

Magenta Status, you can get a $5 movie ticket Make a list of upcoming summer blockbustto a new major motion picture every single ers and hit the theaters. If you have T-Mobile month, guaranteed.

Magenta Status, you can get a $5 movie ticket With a little creativity, planning and a willto a new major motion picture every single ingness to think outside the box, you can make month, guaranteed. the most of summer without putting a strain With a little creativity, planning and a willon your finances. ingness to think outside the box, you can make the most of summer without putting a strain on your finances.

ONYX MAGAZINE 11

D AY T R I P P I N G

SUMMER SHOPPING

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IN HOT SPOTS ACROSS FLORIDA his summer, take time to relax with family and friends on a one-day shopping spree. Florida has some of the most unique and fun places to relax while the kids play, eat and shop.

Here a just a few that you can get to on one tank from many places around the state.

LINCOLN ROAD, MIAMI Miami Beach’s Lincoln Road is one of the most unique shopping districts in the world, full of stunning architecture, worldclass culture and destination retail stores. The 8-block-long pedestrian mall was designed by fabled art deco architect Morris Lapidus, with more than 200 boutiques and restaurants line both sides of the street, where you can shop at international brands like All Saints, Mango, Ted Baker, Scotch & Soda, Zara, H&M, and popular brands like Adidas, Nike, Anthropologie, Lululemon and much more.

Lincoln Road also boasts a wide range of restaurants and cafes.

If you’re looking for a stunning

rooftop view, check out Mila.

An ideal spot for a date is Issabella’s, with romantic lighting and delicious seafood. Or you can sample a little bit of everything at the Lincoln Eatery, a food hall. Sundays welcome a weekly farmer’s market, where

you can stroll Lincoln Road enjoying fresh smoothies and sampling a wide variety of local vendors. www.simon.com/mall/ st-johns-town-center

Photo courtesy of Miami Visitor’s Bureau

ST. JOHN’S TOWNE CENTER, JACKSONVILLE

Welcome to the St. Johns Town Center® representing the heart of shopping and dining in Jacksonville. The outdoor lifestyle mall is home to over 175 of the hottest stores, many exclusive in the market, including Black-owned Jones & Rose, Dillard’s, Nordstrom, Apple, Pottery Barn and RH as well as shops in the palm-lined streets of the Luxury Collection such as Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Tiffany & Co. and Mayors Jewelers. As much a fashion-forward shopping hotspot as a dining destination, the diverse palate is represented with exciting options such as The Cheesecake Factory, RH Rooftop Restaurant, The Capital Grille, Cantina Laredo and True Food Kitchen. Relax under the Florida sunshine at the Park Green’s turtle pond or dog park. www.simon.com/mall/st-johns-town-center Photo courtesy of Simon.

CITYPLACE, WEST PALM BEACH CityPlace is a dynamic experiential neighborhood reimagining contemporary lifestyle as a destination for retail, cuisine, design, world-class art and mixed-use space. Located in the heart of Downtown West Palm Beach, CityPlace presents a thoughtfully 12 ONYX MAGAZINE

curated mix of more than 50 shops and restaurants. Set your plans this week at CityPlace and experience all the neighborhood has to offer in entertainment, arts & culture, health & beauty, dining and shopping. cityplace.com Photo courtesy of CityPlace

ARMATURE WORKS, TAMPA

Looking for a spot to shop, eat, drink, and play—all on the waterfront? Then Armature Works in Tampa is where you need to be. The wide open, bricked-out space lays a vibe that cannot be emulated anywhere, and shoppers come back again and again.

The Armature Works structure dates back to 1910, when it served as the repair and storage facility for the Tampa Electric Street and Railway Company (formerly known as the Streetcar Barn). A 73,000 square foot mixed-use commercial space consists of the Heights Public Market, modern event spaces, a coworking space, plus an eclectic (not to mention award-winning) selection of restaurants and bars. The Heights Public Market purveys carefully curated culinary eateries ranging from Asian to BBQ to everything in-between. Grab a specialty cocktail or local brew from Bar AW or stroll up to M.Bird and enjoy your drink with a view. Looking for an elevated culinary experience? Steelbach and Oak & Ola were both recognized as 2022 Michelin Recommended restaurants. www.armatureworks.com

Photo courtesy of Visit Tampa Bay

TTRRAAVVEELL

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In terms of coastfort witnessed centuries of American history.

In terms of line, Sullivan’s Island’s beaches are some the most on the East coastline, Sullivan’s Island’s beaches are of some of theunspoiled most unspoiled on Coast. the East Coast.

On Sullivan’s Sullivan’s Island, without thethe obstruction of towOn Island, you youcan canwalk walkmiles miles without obstruction of ering hotels or noisy beachbeach bars. bars.

The soft, are perfect for a towering hotels or noisy The sandy soft, shores sandy shores are perday for under theunder sun orthe a calm stroll.sunset More than thethan island’s fect a day sunsunset or a calm stroll.that, More that,varied the habitatsvaried are a habitats haven for travelers.

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ONYXMAGAZINE MAGAZINE 13 13 ONYX

DR. ALZO J. REDDICK, SR.

A LIFE DEDICATED TO EDUCATION, EQUALITY, AND PROGRESS NEIGHBORHOOD: BUNCHE MANOR/HOLLANDO, ORLANDO, THE COMMUNITIES OF WEST LAKES.

BY YOLONDA D. TYLER

D

r. Alzo Reddick's life reads like an odyssey of fortitude, resilience, and an unwavering dedication to education and community upliftment. Born in Bartow, Florida, his journey began amid challenges that would shape his profound commitment to making a difference. A resident in The Communities of West Lakes in Orlando, Florida since 1977, and the place where he met his wife at Jones High School, Dr. Reddick has many memories growing up in "Black Orlando" that reflect his humble beginnings and a legacy that transcends his origins. Moving to Orlando in 1944, a first grader at the time, Dr. Reddick became an unwitting protagonist in the struggle against discrimination and academic bias. In an interview reflecting on his life, he vividly recounted how his precociousness in reading as a young boy led to admiration and adversity.

His ability to read set him apart from his peers, a circumstance that placed him in a position to help others but also made him a target for ridicule and physical intimidation.

Education was his beacon. A young Alzo devoured books from Mrs. Vivian Jackson, Orange County's first Black librarian. Her influence ignited a lifelong passion for learning. Though he struggled with math, football provided opportunities. He played for Jones High School and attended Paul Quinn College in Texas on a football scholarship. Transitioning to an academic scholarship, he excelled in history. With degrees from Florida A&M University and Nova University, Dr. Reddick's remarkable journey stands as a testament to mentorship and the resilience of the human spirit.

An Assignment that would further propel his journey, Dr. Reddick served in the 2nd Infantry Division as a medic. There “I was a proper American”

Reddick says. Upon returning to Orlando, he acquired a position with Orange County Public Schools as a history teacher at Phillis Wheatley Elementary which was statistically the worst school in Orange County according to Reddick. Then during segregation, he went on to teach at Winter Park High School which was subsequently predominantly white. Being the first Black man to teach at the school, his knowledge was challenged by his colleagues during this tumultuous time of segregation. From there, he became an assistant dean and adjunct professor at Rollins College. His next journey would take him to The University of Central Florida, where he founded the Defense in Transition (DTS) and Soldiers to Scholars (STS) programs.

Simultaneously, he served as a Representative in the House of Representatives of the U.S. state of Florida.

While serving as a representative for 18 years, he accomplished significant legislative milestones.

Notably, he was pivotal in amending the Florida Constitution, allowing black commissioners to be elected in single-member districts.

Dr. Alzo Reddick was a tireless advocate for progress, equality, and education throughout his life. He passionately pursued initiatives like the Juneteenth legislation and visited close custody institutions to engage with incarcerated individuals. He finds joy in witnessing milestones for the Black community. His life's work inspires future generations, urging them to find their talents and contribute to a more equitable and educated society.

ONYX MAGAZINE 15

S TA N LE Y C A M P B E LL

THE DEMOCRATIC BLACK CAUCUS CONVENTION: A CALL TO ACTION INSPIRED BY "WE THE PEOPLE"

BY GUENET GITTENS-ROBERTS

A

t the recent Democratic Black Caucus Convention, two powerful speakers, Stanley Campbell and Justin Pearson, used their platforms to remind attendees of the enduring significance of the Preamble to the United States Constitution. Both men, though different in their approaches, underscored the foundational principle of "We the People" as a rallying cry for civic engagement and voter participation.

STANLEY CAMPBELL: A SENATE CANDIDATE’S URGENT REMINDER Stanley Campbell, a senate candidate, utilized his three minutes to evoke the timeless words of the preamble to the U.S. Constitution. His concise but impactful message focused on the core idea that the people hold the ultimate power in a democracy. "We the People," Campbell reminded the audience, signifies that the government derives its authority from the consent of the governed. This foundational principle is a powerful reminder that citizens are not passive subjects but active participants in shaping their government and, by extension, their destiny.

Campbell's message has always been clear and straightforward: "Vote your interests, but get out and vote." That night, by invoking the preamble, Campbell highlighted the responsibility and power of each individual vote.

He emphasized that "Democracy will not die on our watch," the theme of the weekend. It was a clear reminder that voting is not just a right but a crucial tool for ensuring that the government remains a true reflection of the people's will. His call to action underscored that in a democracy, change begins with the ballot box.

JUSTIN PEARSON: A KEYNOTE SPEAKER’S INSPIRATIONAL CALL

Stanley Campbell being endorsed by I.U.P.A union.

16 ONYX MAGAZINE

Later in the program, keynote speaker Justin Pearson took the stage and wove the preamble into an inspirational call to action. Pearson used "We the People" to highlight the collective power and potential of the audience.

He framed "We the People" as a declaration that the individuals in the room were the agents of change they had been waiting for.

Pearson’s speech resonated deeply with the audience, emphasizing that the power to shape the future lies within their hands. He inspired attendees to recognize their agency and potential to drive meaningful change. "We, the people we have been waiting for," Pearson declared, transforming the Preamble from a historical document into a living, breathing manifesto for contemporary activism and empowerment.

S TA N LE Y C A M P B E LL

The Campbells were serenaded by Soul 2 Soul while at a stop at the Well in Lakeland.

A TIMELY REMINDER OF SOVEREIGNTY AND RESPONSIBILITY The juxtaposition of Campbell’s straightforward appeal and Pearson’s inspirational rhetoric provided a comprehensive and compelling reminder of the Preamble’s relevance. Together, they reinforced the idea that "We the People" is not merely a phrase from the past but a powerful assertion of present and future potential.

This dual emphasis on empowerment and responsibility was particularly timely. As the audience at the Democratic Black Caucus Convention comprised individuals who often face systemic barriers to political participation, the speakers' messages underscored the importance of overcoming these obstacles to exercise their right to vote. They reminded attendees that voting is both an act of defiance against disenfranchisement and a proactive step toward shaping a government that truly serves its people.

responsive to their needs. This is particularly crucial for marginalized communities that have historically been excluded from the political process.

A COLLECTIVE CALL TO ACTION

The Democratic Black Caucus Convention became a powerful platform for reasserting the significance of "We the People." Through the voices of Stanley Campbell and Justin Pearson, attendees were reminded of their collective power and responsibility. Campbell's pragmatic call for "Democracy not to die on our watch" while highlighting that there were three Senate candidates in the room complemented Pearson's inspirational reminder that we are "the people we have been waiting for."

As the convention concluded and the organizers took to the stage, the resonant theme was unmistakable: each vote is a reaffirmation of the power and responsibility granted to "We the People." It served as a powerful reminder that in the United States, the people hold the reins of their own destiny. VotTHE POWER OF THE PREAMBLE ing is not just a duty; it's an act of honThe preamble to the Constitution, oring this foundational principle and with its opening words "We the People," actively shaping a future that aligns with establishes the principle of popular sov- Stanley and Cheryl Campbell with Orange County Sheriff John Mina. our values and interests. Throughout ereignty, the idea that the government's power comes from the people. This principle is foundational to American the weekend, the Democratic Black Caucus demonstrated their unwaverdemocracy, affirming that citizens are the ultimate source of governmen- ing vigilance and commitment to collaboration. They pledged to spread tal authority. By reminding the audience of this, Campbell and Pearson the message, unite communities, and inspire and educate citizens to join highlighted that civic engagement, particularly voting, is a powerful tool this crucial fight. Join a caucus, contribute in any way you can, because democracy is on the line and we all must do our part. This is up to us— for controlling one's destiny.

Their speeches also served to remind the audience that the government We, the People, we have been waiting for! exists to serve its citizens. When citizens vote, they are exercising their sovereignty and ensuring that their government remains accountable and Paid for by Stanley Campbell for U.S. Senate ONYX MAGAZINE 17

For us,

BUSINESS

BY US

A

BUSINESS OWNERS, THESE STRATEGIES CAN HELP YOU SUPPORT OTHER BUSINESSES DURING BLACK BUSINESS MONTH.

ugust is National Black Business Month, which highlights and appreciates the contributions of Black-owned businesses to the U.S. economy and in promoting diversity and equity. About 3% of American businesses are Black-owned, according to the Pew Research Center, and nearly 58% of Black adults believe supporting Black businesses is a highly effective way to advance equality for Black individuals in the U.S. As a business owner, you can support Black businesses to express solidarity with Black pride, unity, and self-determination. Here are six ways you can celebrate Black Business Month.

PROMOTE BLACK-OWNED BUSINESSES ON SOCIAL MEDIA

SHOWCASE BLACK-OWNED PRODUCTS IN YOUR STORE If you own a business, you can feature your favorite Black business products on your shelf, in your restaurant’s kitchen, or out on the showroom floor. Create a relationship with Black-owned businesses in the community by displaying their products in your store.

Encourage your customers to prioritize reviews and ratings on digital platforms.

The higher the rating a product receives, the more visible it becomes to a broader audience.

Additionally, committing to sourcing supplies or ingredients from Black-owned vendors strengthens community support and fosters long-term success for small businesses.

SHARE BLACK-OWNED BUSINESS PRODUCTS WITH YOUR COLLEAGUES Patronizing Black businesses or sharing the business’s products with others is another simple but impactful way to show your support. By spreading the word through social circles and colleagues, you can help amplify the message of Blackowned businesses, expand their reach, and introduce them to new customers. Best of all, sharing their products or services is a cost-effective way of supporting Blackowned small businesses.

CELEBRATE DIVERSITY IN YOUR WORKPLACE Embracing diversity and inclusion in your own workplace is essential for organizations to thrive, as it brings a wealth of ideas and experiences. According to Deloitte Insights, diverse companies are more financially successful—being twice as likely to meet or surpass financial goals—and promoting diversity requires celebrating and supporting every employee.

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Four effective strategies to implement diversity and inclusion include the following: 1. Ensure pay equity.

2. Prioritize employee advancement for workers from underrepresented groups.

3. Organize cultural events.

4. Provide diversity education and resources.

By fostering a culture of celebration and support, businesses can harness the power of diversity to drive success and create an inclusive environment for all.

ACKNOWLEDGE BLACK ENTREPRENEURS To celebrate Black entrepreneurs, you can organize events like charity dinners or educational talks and engage local media to raise awareness about Black-owned businesses not only during Black Business but year-round. Creating a directory of Black-owned businesses in your community can help increase consumer awareness and interest in Black businesses and prioritize support for their businesses.

If you’re a Black business owner, resources like the U.S. Black Chambers' ByBlack initiative provide opportunities to list your business in a national directory and gain certification as a Black business owner.

SHARE RESOURCES Black-owned businesses often face significant challenges when it comes to accessing resources and achieving economic success. You can promote economic justice and business opportunities for Black entrepreneurs in your community by sharing your resources.

This aim can be achieved by connecting Black-owned business ventures with loan and grant opportunities, organizing educational workshops to share valuable knowledge, supporting community events and funds that assist Black entrepreneurs, and leveraging your network to create connections and opportunities. By actively supporting and empowering Black-owned businesses, you can contribute to their growth and help bridge the wealth gap.

US Chamber of Commerce

If you’re interested in — or use — a product or service created by a Black-owned business, promote them on your social media accounts, which can significantly impact their visibility and market reach. You can increase engagement and awareness by creating video clips, inviting the owner or owners to share their stories on your podcast (if you have one), or posting about the business on social platforms.

A well-executed campaign across multiple channels can generate long-term engagement and opportunities. Regardless of how many followers you have, your promotion can make a difference.

BUSINESS

A LOOK AT BLACK-OWNED BUSINESSES IN AMERICA

BLACK-OWNED BUSINESSES CONTINUE TO GROW IN THE U.S. THIS PEW RESEARCH REPORT SOME INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THEM.

M

ore than one-in-five Black adults in the United States say owning a business is essential to financial success, according to a September 2023 Pew Research Center survey. While Black-owned businesses have grown significantly in the U.S. in recent years, they still make up a small share of overall firms and revenue, according to our analysis of federal data.

In 2021, there were 161,031 U.S. firms with majority Black or African American ownership, up from 124,004 in 2017, according to the latest estimates from the Annual Business Survey (ABS), conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau and the National Science Foundation. Black-owned firms’ gross revenue soared by 43% during this timespan, from an estimated $127.9 billion in 2017 to $183.3 billion in 2021.

Despite this growth, majority Black-owned businesses made up only about 3% of all U.S. firms that were classifiable by the race and ethnicity of their owners in 2021. And they accounted for just 1% of gross revenue from all classifiable companies that year. By comparison, in 2021, roughly 14% of all Americans were Black.

As has long been the case, White majority-owned businesses made up the greatest share of classifiable firms (85%) and their revenue (93%) in 2021. About one-in-ten classifiable firms (11%) were majority-owned by Asian Americans, and no more than 7% had majority ownership by someone from another racial and ethnic group.

BY REBECCA LEPPERT

WHAT’S THE MOST COMMON SECTOR FOR BLACK-OWNED BUSINESSES? By far, health care and social assistance. About 45,000 of the roughly 161,000 U.S. companies with majority Black or African American ownership, or 28% of the total, were part of this sector in 2021.

Looked at a different way, 7% of all classifiable U.S. businesses in the health care and social assistance sector were majority Black-owned that year.

than 2,500 inhabitants, under the Census Bureau’s definition.

Some of the most populous states also have the greatest number of Black majority-owned businesses. Florida had 18,502 such businesses in 2021, California had 15,014 and Georgia had 14,394.

Black majority-owned businesses made up the greatest share of all classifiable firms in the District of Columbia (15%), Georgia and Maryland (8% each).

WHO ARE BLACK BUSINESS OWNERS? They’re more likely to be men than women. Some 53% of Black-owned firms in 2021 had men as their majority owners, while 39% had women majority owners. Another 8% had equal male-female ownership. The gender gap is larger among classifiable U.S. firms overall: 63% were majority-owned by men in 2021, 22% were majority-owned by women and 14% had equal male-female ownership.

They tend to be middle-aged. Roughly half (49%) of Black or African American business owners who reported their age group were ages 35 t0 54 in 2021. Another 28% were 55 to 64, and just 7% were younger than 35.

A majority have a college degree. Among owners who reported their highest level of education completed, 27% had a bachelor’s degree and 34% had a graduate or professional degree in 2021.

HOW MANY WORKERS DO BLACKOWNED BUSINESSES EMPLOY?

•

Black or African American majority-owned firms provided income for roughly 1.4 million workers in 2021. Their annual payrolls were estimated at $53.6 billion.

Still, most Black-owned firms tend to be smaller businesses. Two-thirds had fewer than 10 employees in 2021; 13% had 10 to 49 employees and just 3% had 50 or more. Another 16% reported having no employees. (The ABS determines employment size by the number of paid workers during the March 12 pay period.)

• • • •

Other common sectors that year included: Professional, scientific and technical services (comprising 14% of all Black-owned businesses) Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services (8%) Transportation and warehousing (8%) Retail trade (6%) Construction (6%)

WHERE ARE BLACK-OWNED BUSINESSES LOCATED? Most Black or African American majority-owned businesses (87%) are located in urban areas. Just 5% are in rural areas – that is, places with fewer

WHAT MOTIVATES BLACK ENTREPRENEURS? When asked to choose from a list of reasons why they opened their firm, about nine-in-ten Black or African American majority owners who responded said an important reason was the opportunity for greater income; a desire to be their own boss; or wanting the best avenue for their ideas, goods and services. Balancing work and family life (88%) and having flexible hours (85%) were also commonly cited.

For most Black or African American majority owners, their business is their primary source of income. Seven-in-ten of those who reported income information in 2021 said this was the case.

ONYX MAGAZINE 19

THE QUAD

FAMU STUDENTS

ENJOY STUDYING ABROAD

T

en Florida A&M University (FAMU) students are spent four weeks in the Caribbean Islands of Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) as part of a study abroad experience. The group, which includes students from the College of Science and Technology, the College of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities (CSSAH) and the School of Journalism & Graphic Communication (SJGC), flew to Trinidad on May 11 and returned on June 9. The host was the University of West Indies (UWI), Trinidad and Tobago campus. During their stay, the participating global ambassadors and scholars will be exposed to a variety of life-changing experiences, excursions, and activities, socially, professionally, personally, and academically. Associate Professor Irma J. Gibson, Ph.D., the Trinidad and Tobago study abroad coordinator, has facilitated this program since 2009 at other Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). “My vision is to make history with the first cohort of global ambassadors to represent Rattlers is being realized,” said Gibson, a faculty member in the Department of Social Work. Tristin O. Clark, a senior social work scholar, has enjoyed a number of rich, new experiences like joining her classmates in a History & Culture course where they learn about Trinidad and Tobago’s wildlife, fauna and music, specifically the steel pan.

FAMU Communications

EWC ENROLLMENT SOARS ABOVE OTHER FLORIDA HBCUS

N

o Florida HBCU (Historically Black Colleges and Universities) has seen enrollment rise more than Jacksonville’s Edward Waters University (EWU). Several strategic initiatives and President A. Zachary Faison, J.D.,’s energetic leadership—essential since his appointment in 2018—have contributed to this exceptional growth. In the fall of 2022, EWU will have almost 1,200 students enrolled,

a 30% increase from 2019, according to HBCU Buzz. With 540 new entrants, the university welcomed its largest-ever class of freshmen in 2023.

Due to this expansion, EWU is now Florida's fastest-growing HBCU and Jacksonville's fastest-growing college or university. This success results from many reasons, including the growth of the academic and athletic departments.

With the addition of five new sports programs

and the near completion of full NCAA Division II membership, EWU could become even more appealing to potential students. Another important factor is the change in name from Edward Waters College to Edward Waters University in 2021. The rebranding and the focus on fostering a family-like and supportive environment attract the school's diverse student body from different areas and backgrounds. All things thought out, Edward Waters University's impressive enrollment rise is evidence of its growing significance and influence in higher education, especially among Florida's HBCU community.

Micah Barkley, ONYX Magazine

B-CU LOOKS TO PROMOTE CIVIL ENGAGEMENT

B

ethune-Cookman University Associate Professor of Political Science & International Studies Dorcas McCoy, Ph.D., is thinking about the state of American democracy and ways to promote civic engagement through higher education. On Monday, May 13, she participated in a panel during a special online event hosted by the Center for Artistic Activism in partnership with Project Pericles to share her thoughts on ways to incorporate artistic activism and innovative voter education into academic courses in order to strengthen increased student participation in civic life. McCoy presented research that was funded in part by B-CU’s RISE Program, along with the Center for Artistic Activism, around increasing voter turnout in Volusia County. “By incorporating creative civic elements, it really does provide a more innovative and culturally relevant experience for students,” said

20 ONYX MAGAZINE

McCoy. “It also gives them a more personal and more profound learning experience, and the possibilities of integrating the arts as it relates to an interdisciplinary experience are truly endless.” One student in particular, graduate Jamar Lambert of Sunrise, Fla., really impressed her, McCoy said. Lambert, who was a percussion section leader in the Marching Wildcats band this past year leveraged his relationships with the band to expand his platform and increase political engagement among his peers. “Being an American means hoping for a better tomorrow,” the video opens. Pride.

Kindness. Inclusion. These were some of the ideals the students shared through Lambert’s project–ideals that underscore the principles and promise of democracy and highlight the importance and impact of civic engagement.

B-CU Communications

THE QUAD

UNCF CALLS FOR MENTAL HEALTH

SUPPORT AT HBCUS

U

NCF (United Negro College Fund) and its Institute for Capacity Building announced the publication of “From Awareness to Action: The Imperative for Enhanced Mental Health Support at HBCUs.” Released during Mental Health Awareness Month, the report shares key insights into the state

of mental health on Black college campuses and previews a groundbreaking research report on mental health perceptions and attitudes at Black colleges and universities, including historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) and predominantly Black institutions (PBIs). Conducted in partnership with the Healthy Minds Study, the

subsequent report will be released in Fall 2024. “HBCUs have been shelters in a storm, creating spaces for belonging, vulnerability and well-being for their students during one of the most tumultuous periods in the history of higher education,” said Julian Thompson, senior director, strategy development, UNCF. “We’re proud to shine a light

on the great work HBCUs are doing to support the mental and emotional well-being of their students, while also calling for more robust resources, supports and systems that will enable these institutions to fulfill their student-centered missions.” At the height of the coronavirus pandemic four years ago, UNCF partnered with HBCU leaders and national mental health organizations, including The Steve Fund and Active Minds, to respond proactively to mental health needs on HBCU and PBI campuses, facilitating a range of mental health conferences, webinars, symposia and awareness campaigns while engaging thousands of Black college students, faculty and administrators in research on a range of mental health topics. Using recent efforts as a foundation, the report highlights key insights for funders, partners and advocates seeking to improve mental health at Black college and universities.

UNCF Communications

FMU HOSTS ANNUAL BLACK HEALTH SUMMIT

H

undreds gathered on the campus of Florida Memorial University for the third annual Black Health Summit. Some of the most prominent voices in Black healthcare spoke about the importance of advancing Black health equity in South Florida. There were workshops and lectures focusing on the social and political determinants of health with the following themes: Political Drivers of Health, Black Men’s Health, and Access to Healthcare. There were many notable speakers, including NBA Hall of Famer Alonzo Mourning, who left an indelible mark during his tenure with the Miami Heat. Mourning spoke openly about his recent surgery to remove his prostate after a cancer diagnosis, telling men they need to take control and be proactive about their health.

FMU Public Affairs

Khalid Mirza, Jaffus Hardrick, Ph.D., and Eric Knowles.

ONYX MAGAZINE 21

M U S I C & E N T E R TA I N M E N T

BE YOU!

YOUNG RAPPERS LEAVE A POSITIVE MESSAGE

K

ids should just have the best time being kids. That’s what tiny rappers Van Van and Heiress say in their new release “Be You!” The two superstars collaborated on a catchy tune that has even adults

dancing to the beat. The positive and uplifting lyrics resound with everyone. Be You! What could be better than that? Meet the two young Hip Hop artists who are taking the world over.

album, aptly titled “Van Van.” Get ready to groove with this young talent as she takes the rap scene by storm!

SAVANNAH “VAN VAN” MCCONNEAUGHEY

Heiress Diana Harris is the youngest child born to rappers/singers T.I. and Tiny Harris in Atlanta on March 26, 2016. Without a doubt, Heiress is also following in the family footsteps; in July 2022, Tiny shared that Heiress was attending an acting school to train as an actress and singer. The proud mom posted a video of her daughter belting out the Jackson 5’s “Who’s Lovin’ You.” “More recently, the 8-year-old got a taste of stardom when she took in Beyoncé's Renaissance tour in August 2023.

Tiny shared photos of Heiress rocking blue hair and a graphic white T-shirt for the event.

Meet Van Van, the sensational 5-year-old rapper hailing from North Carolina! What began as a captivating social media video showcasing her infectious energy and love for rap has transformed into a musical journey. Teaming up with her dad, who doubles as her hype man, they crafted her debut hit, “Playing Outside Everyday.” The overwhelming positive response fueled her creativity, leading to the creation of her second single, “Pull Out the Keys.” Van Van’s performances have graced both intimate venues and prestigious stages, including the iconic Kennedy Honors. Basking in the love from fans, she caught the attention of MC Lyte’s management company, Sunni Gyrl Inc., and is now proudly signed under their guidance. Inspired by the outpouring of support, Van Van is currently working on her eagerly anticipated first

HEIRESS

FLORIDA SUMMER CONCERTS CHRIS BROWN

MISSY ELLIOT

Saturday, July 13 Kia Center, Orlando 7:30 p.m.

Wednesday, July 24 Amalie Arena 7:00 p.m.

Thursday, July 25 Amerant Bank Arena, Sunrise 7:00 p.m.

Tuesday, July 30 Kia Center, Orlando 7:00 p.m.

JANET JACKSON Saturday, July 16 MidFlorida Credit Union Amphitheatre, Tampa 8:00 p.m.

Saturday, July 20 Kia Center, Orlando 8:00 p.m.

22 ONYX MAGAZINE

JEEZY

Saturday, August 3 The Ritz Theatre Ybor City, Tampa 8:00 p.m.

LAUREN HILL & THE FUGEES

Friday, August 9 MidFlorida Credit Union Amphitheatre, Tampa 8:00 p.m.

Sunday, August 11 ITHINK Financial Amphitheatre , West Palm Beach 8:00 p.m.

JOHN LEGEND

Saturday, August 24 Daily's Place Amphitheatre, Jacksonville 6:00 p.m.

ONYX READS

TAKING IT EASY BOOKS THAT MUST GO IN YOUR BEACH BAG

MY PARENTS’ MARRIAGE

By Nana Ekua Brew-Hammond Publish Date - July 9 This soaring and profound story about love and understanding is told through three generations of one Ghanian family. Determined to avoid the pain and instability of her parents’ turbulent, confusing marriage, Kokui marries a man far different from her loving, philandering, self-made father—and tries to be a different kind of wife from her mother.

But when Kokui and her husband leave Ghana to make a new life for themselves in America, she finds history repeating itself. Her marriage failing, she is called home to Ghana when her father dies. Back in her childhood home, she comes to realize that to exorcize the ghosts of her parents’ marriage she must confront them to enable her healing.

LEON

By Jamar Nicholas Publish Date - August 6 Leon struggles with a super ego — and a super secret! — in the second graphic novel in Jamar Nicholas’s action-packed, heartfelt, and joyously funny series.

After saving his classmates from The Monocle, and now that he has access to tons of cool crime-fighting gadgets, Leon is the superhero his school needs. Or at least… he thinks he is. Leon’s vigil-antics make Mom and Principal Principle angry, but even worse, Leon is avoiding his best friend, Carlos, to keep Mom’s superhero identity a secret. Can Leon dig deep and rediscover his heart and common sense? Or will his bad behavior reach a point of no return?

BLACK CROSSWORD: 100 MINI PUZZLES CELEBRATING THE AFRICAN DIASPORA

WOMANISH THEOLOGY: DISCOVERING GOD THROUGH THE LENS OF BLACK GIRLHOOD

By Juliana Pache Publish Date - August 20

By Khristi Lauren Adams Publish Date - August 20

Groundbreaking new book based on the popular site blackcrossword.com featuring over 100 original puzzles inspired by the Diaspora and covering history, popular culture, trailblazers, literature, and politics.

KINGDOM OF DUST

By Lisa Stringfellow Publish Date - August 20 Lisa Stringfellow writes a West African-inspired fantasy about a girl who is determined to return both magic and justice to her people—and whose destiny holds more surprises than she could ever imagine. When the griots vanished more than a decade ago, they took their magic with them, along with goddess Oala’s gifts of rain and plenty, leaving Kun controlled by a powerful and uncaring king. With nowhere to go but knowing that she is under Oala’s protection, Amara sets off to do the impossible: find the griots and save Kun before the kingdom blows away like dust.

Khristi Lauren Adams’s faith was first shaped by her experiences as a Black girl—learning about Scripture from her grandmother, Mama Hattie; “playing church” with her seven cousins over summer vacation; and grieving the murder of her sixteen-year-old friend when she was just 15. In Womanish Theology, Adams reflects on those experiences, inviting readers to learn from a new perspective and guiding them to a deeper understanding of their own spirituality.

DAYDREAMER

By Rob Cameron Publish Date - August 6 An 11-year-old boy copes with the challenges of his city life by weaving his reality into a magical realm of dragons, foxes, and trolls—until he must use the power of his creativity to save both of his worlds from destructive forces. This stunning debut is a profound exploration of imagination, community, and how the stories we tell both comfort us and challenge us to grow.

THE DAY MADEAR VOTED

By Wade Hudson, Illustrated by Don Tate Publish Date - July 16 Inspired by the author’s mother voting for the first time as a Black American in 1969. A moving look at a Black family’s journey to exercise their right to vote and imagine a better future. Charlie and Ralph’s mom has waited a long time to vote because countless obstacles have been put in Black people’s way to stop them from having a say in elections obstacles that it took a lot of hard work to tear down. But now, in 1969, Madear is going to vote for the very first time, and the boys are coming along on this exciting day.

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A R T & C U LT U R E

NATIONAL MUSEUM

Acquires Largest Set of Charleston Slave Badges

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he Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture recently acquired what is thought to be the largest and most complete set of historic Charleston Slave Badges. The collection includes 146 rare badges dating as far back as 1804. It also features badges with makers’ marks and two with personalized inscriptions. To share the stories of these objects with a worldwide audience, the museum has launched a Searchable Museum feature at SearchableMuseum.com/SlaveBadges, which tells the historical significance of Charleston Slave Badges and the museum’s recent exciting acquisition.

“We are honored to share the story of enslaved African Americans who contributed to building the nation,” said Mary Elliott, NMAAHC museum curator. “It is a story that involves the juxtaposition of profit and power versus the human cost. The story sheds light on human suffering and the power of the human spirit of skilled craftspeople who held onto their humanity and survived the system of slavery, leaving their mark on the landscape in more ways than one.”

Through this digital offering, visitors can engage with the objects and learn about the legislated system of leased enslaved labor in Charleston, South Carolina, those who profited from the system and how enslaved African Americans navigated the landscape of slavery

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using their abilities, skills and intellect. In addition to providing the history of Charleston Slave badges, the new Searchable Museum feature will provide insight into collecting, archaeology, the role of vocational training and the meaning of freedom.

The Slave Badge system was initially legally instituted in Charleston in 1783 as a form of control and a source of profit. The badge system required that enslaved African Americans whose labor was leased out by their enslavers wear registered identifying badges. The badges identified the occupation of the enslaved laborer, whether as a skilled craftsperson or a servant. It was a form of control and surveillance over African Americans who had limited autonomy to move about the city conducting work—but today they are reminders that the enslaved were skilled workers who built much of Charleston.

Enslavers paid a registration fee to the city for each enslaved person whose labor they leased out and, in turn, the city provided the badges that registered leased enslaved laborers were required to wear. Enslavers profited from money earned leasing out the labor of skilled African Americans, while the city received profit and gained the benefit of the skilled work of enslaved African Americans who, essentially, built Charleston’s urban landscape.

Enslaved African Americans, bearers of the slave badges, served in various capacities as indicated by the badge labels, including skilled mechanics, porters, fishers, fruiterers, carpenters, porters and servants. Although the badges served as a form of control, those who wore them had some degree of autonomy to move about the city while conducting work. This provided greater opportunities for communicating with a wider network of enslaved Black people. In some instances, they were also able to keep some of the money earned from their labor, which helped toward purchasing freedom for themselves and loved ones.

The recently acquired historic collection was compiled by renowned collector Harry S. Hutchins Jr., who, along with co-au-

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thors Brian E. Hutchins and historian Harlan Greene, wrote and published the book Slave Badges and the Slave Hire System in Charleston, South Carolina, 1783–1865, which is highly regarded among collectors.

Hutchins dedicated his life to collecting slave badges, expressing that he felt it was important to tell the story of the skilled craftspeople. When presented with the opportunity to draft the credit line for the collection, Hutchins provided the following text “Partial Gift of Harry S. Hutchins, Jr. DDS, Col. (Ret.) and his Family, dedicated to the individuals these Slave Hire Badges represent and their descendants.”

Smithsonian Institute

WORLD’S YOUNGEST MALE ARTIST IS NEARLY 2

t six months old, Ace-Liam Ankrah painted his first artwork, aptly named The Crawl. His mother, artist Chantelle Kuukua Eghan, wanted to keep him entertained as she worked on her own projects, so she placed a canvas on the floor. The boy spread paint across it as he crawled. Now, Guinness World Records has officially confirmed the Ghanaian toddler, who turns 2 in July, as the “world’s youngest male artist.” He was 1 year and 152 days old on the day he was verified. Eghan applied for the record last summer. A few months later,

Guinness reached out and explained that AceLiam would need to fulfill specific requirements in order to qualify, as Francis Kokutse of the Associated Press (AP) reports. “He needs to be in an exhibition, make sales, and the sales receipt will be sent to [Guinness as] ... evidence of the

event,” Eghan said. So far, Ace-Liam has sold 15 paintings during his brief career.

BBC News reports that he even plans to hold an auction soon. What’s next for the young artist? Eghan is now searching for new opportunities for her son, such as applying for scholarships and helping him sell paintings to an international audience. However, per the AP, The Crawl is not for sale. His mother plans to keep that particular artwork in the family.

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Studio Programs

Explore classes open for enrollment!

Drawing and Painting Ceramics Print-Making Teen Classes Kids & Families Studio 55 TampaMuseum.org/Studio Contact: Education@TampaMuseum.org TampaMuseum.org Hours: Monday – Sunday: 10am – 5pm

Exhibitions supported in part by:

SNAP Benefit Recipients get free admission to the Tampa Museum of Art! Presenting Sponsor:

E D U C AT I O N

SCHOOL SUPPLIES SHOPPING MADE EASY

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asic Supplies: The items on this list will take care of most math assignments, book reports, and other written work.

A box of No. 2 pencils Pencil sharpener 2 or 3 ballpoint pens with black or blue ink 3–4 large erasers White-out White paper Lined paper Safety scissors Transparent tape Stapler Staples Paper clips Ruler Calculator (with trig functions for middleschoolers) 3 1/2 x 5-inch index cards (for oral presentations and homemade flash cards)

Arts & Crafts Supplies: You might think your 12 year old has outgrown crayons and markers, but older children still do science projects, skits, group research projects, and book reports that require visual presentations. Don't get caught with an empty supply shelf the night before a project's due!

Washable markers Colored pencils Crayons Glue sticks Construction paper 2 or 3 large pieces of poster board Rubber bands Yarn A collection of old magazines and newspapers for collages

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GREEN HORIZONS AHEAD! Is Florida Ready For Adult Use Marijuana in 2024?

VOTE YES ON AMENDMENT 3

BY ROZ MCCARTHY

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ecent trends and shifts in public opinion suggest that Florida voters may be more ready than ever to embrace such a change. Looking ahead as election 2024 approaches, the conversation around adult-use marijuana in Florida is gaining momentum. The factors driving voter sentiment toward legalization are multifaceted, encompassing economic, social, and health-related dimensions. For Florida, a state known for its progressive outlook on various issues, the legalization of adult-use marijuana represents not just a shift in policy but a broader transformation in societal attitudes towards cannabis. Whether Florida will join the ranks of states embracing full legalization remains to be seen, but the attitudes toward change are undeniably strong, suggesting that voters may indeed be ready to support adult-use marijuana in 2024.

There are multiple reasons behind this potential shift in sentiment.

Historical Support for Medical Marijuana: Florida’s overwhelming approval (67%) of medical marijuana in 2016 was a clear indicator of the state’s evolving perspective on cannabis. Currently Florida has the highest number of patients (1,000,000+) with a medical marijuana card nationwide. With a significant majority of voters supporting the legalization for medical purposes, it is evident that the stigma surrounding cannabis is diminishing. This historical support lays a solid foundation for the transition to adult-use legalization, highlighting a population that is open to reconsidering all of its cannabis laws.

National Momentum and Regional Trends: The national momentum toward cannabis legalization cannot be ignored. With a growing number of states legalizing marijuana for adult use, Florida voters are witnessing the potential benefits and challenges of legalization firsthand. Additionally, regional trends, especially in the southeastern United States, could influence Florida’s direction. As neighboring states begin to relax their cannabis laws, Florida may not want to lag behind, especially in terms of economic opportunities.

Economic Incentives: The economic argument for legalizing adult-use marijuana is compelling. Legalization could usher in a new era of job creation, tax revenue, and economic growth for Florida.

The success stories from other states, where millions in tax revenues have been generated, present a persuasive argument for voters concerned about the state’s economic future. Moreover, the agricultural industry in Florida could see a significant boon from the cultivation of cannabis, adding another layer of support for legalization.4.

Criminal Justice Reform: An increasing awareness of the social and racial disparities in marijuana-related arrests has spurred a demand for criminal justice reform. Florida voters, reflective of a national trend, are calling for an end to the disproportionate impact of marijuana laws on communities of color. Legalization offers a path to rectify these injustices, providing an opportunity for expungement and reducing future disparities, which could sway voters looking for social equity.

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Public Opinion Trends: Recent surveys and polls indicate a shift in public opinion towards supporting adult-use marijuana.

The growing acceptance of cannabis as a part of mainstream culture, along with a better understanding of its effects, has contributed to this trend. For many Floridians, the legalization of adult-use marijuana seems like a natural next step following the acceptance of its medical use.

Health and Wellness Perspectives: As wellness trends continue to evolve, more people are looking at cannabis as a means to manage stress, anxiety, and other health issues. The recognition of marijuana’s potential benefits, beyond its recreational use, aligns with the broader health and wellness movements gaining traction in Florida. This perspective could be a decisive factor for voters who prioritize holistic health approaches.

There are several main points to consider to ensure that Florida’s adult use program is safe, equitable, and effective. Here’s a list of key considerations: Regulatory Framework: Establishing a comprehensive regulatory framework is crucial for overseeing cultivation, distribution, sale, and use of cannabis. This includes licensing requirements, security measures, and product tracking.

Public Health and Safety: Implementing guidelines to protect public health and safety, including restrictions on sale to minors, labeling and testing requirements for potency and contaminants, and regulations on the location of dispensaries to avoid clustering near schools or playgrounds.

Equity and Social Justice: Ensuring the legislation addresses past injustices related to cannabis prohibition, such as expunging criminal records for previous cannabis offenses and creating opportunities for minority-owned businesses.

Taxation and Revenue Allocation: Determining appropriate taxation levels to balance generating revenue without encouraging a black market.

Deciding how to allocate tax revenues, with some suggestions including public health programs, education, and community reinvestment.

Funding Education Programs: To inform the public about the risks associated with cannabis use, especially for young people and pregnant women, and supporting addiction treatment and prevention programs.

Local Authority and Control: Allowing local governments some degree of control over the number and type of cannabis businesses in their communities, while ensuring that local bans do not undermine the state’s overall policy objectives.

Product Diversity and Environmental Standards: Regulating the types of cannabis products available and establishing environmental

standards for cultivation practices to minimize water usage, pesticide use, and other ecological impacts.

Driving and Workplace Safety: Addressing concerns related to cannabis impairment while driving and in the workplace, including developing clear policies and testing methods for impairment.

Research and Development: Supporting research into cannabis, including its health effects, therapeutic potential, and impact on society, to inform future policy decisions.

Interstate Coordination: Considering the implications of neighboring states with different cannabis laws, including potential interstate commerce issues and strategies to combat illegal trafficking. Each of these points requires careful consideration and input from a wide range of stakeholders, including public health experts, law enforcement, educators, community groups, and individuals affected by previous cannabis laws, to create balanced and effective cannabis legislation.

Each of these points requires careful consideration and input from a wide range of stakeholders, including public health experts, law enforcement, educators, community organizations, and individuals previously harmed and affected by previous cannabis laws, to create balanced and effective Cannabis legislation. As we look to the green horizon ahead, Florida stands on the cusp of a transformative era in its relationship with cannabis. The upcoming adult-use marijuana referendum embodies not just a potential shift in law but a significant cultural and societal shift.

This ballot referendum is more than a question of legal access; it’s about recognizing the evolving attitudes towards cannabis, understanding its benefits, and acknowledging its place in Florida’s future. With this vote, Floridians have the power to redefine past negative attitudes towards Cannabis, thus, paving the way for a future where responsible adult use of marijuana is not just accepted, but integrated into the fabric of daily life. As we edge closer to this pivotal moment, let us stay informed, engaged, and open to the possibilities that lie ahead. The path forward is promising, and together, we can move towards a future where the benefits of cannabis can be responsibly embraced by all who call the Sunshine State home.

For more information, visit smartandsafeflorida.com

Roz McCarthy is the founder and CEO of Minorities for Medical Marijuana; Black Buddha Cannabis.

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FLORIDA SCOPE

FLORIDA SCHOOL BOARD BANS BOOK ABOUT BOOK BAN

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he Indian River County school district has taken the Florida book ban to another level.

Not only have they followed through with the Government mandated ban, but they have also decided to ban books centered around the book ban.

“According to a local Moms for Liberty chapter leader, ‘Ban This Book’ contains material that isn't appropriate for school-aged kids,” WTSP reports. Alan Gatz's book "Ban This Book" was recently taken out of Indian River County schools because of a contentious decision made by the school board. The book was taken off from the stores in May following a complaint from Jennifer Pippin, the head of the Moms for Liberty chapter in Indian River County, despite its initial approval in 2022 and its ability to withstand a challenge in 2023.

Alan Gatz expressed his dismay over the ban, calling it “ironic.” “It feels like they know exactly what they’re doing and they’re somewhat ashamed of what they’re doing, and they don’t want a book on the shelves that calls them out.” This incident highlights the broader debate over who has the power to decide which literature is appropriate for students and the far-reaching implications these decisions have on educational freedom.

DESANTIS PLEDGES BOOST IN TEACHER SALARIES AMID UNION CRITICISM

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lorida Gov. Ron DeSantis made a daring announcement by promising to increase the state's budget for teacher wages by more than $200 million.

With this, the entire allotment rises to an astounding $1.25 billion, a development that DeSantis proudly referred to as a "record salary funding increase." With more than $4 billion invested in teacher salaries since 2019, Florida now boasts the highest average beginning wage in the Southeast of the United States at nearly $47,000. The Florida Education Association (FEA) is not impressed by these amazing numbers. They contend that the raise ignores the more serious problem of the state's appalling average teacher sal-

ary, which is approximately $53,000. Without holding back, FEA President Andrew Spar blamed inadequate pay for the state's severe teacher shortage, which will affect 4,000 to 5,000 open positions in the 2023–24 school year. The state's growing universal voucher scheme, which diverts public monies to private schools, exacerbates the situation. The $2.8 billion allocated in the projected budget for private school vouchers for the 2024– 2025 academic year may result in less money being available for public school teacher salaries. Since the new fiscal year begins on July 1, final choices are anticipated soon, with 90% of the $117.5 billion state budget already completed.

FLORIDA RANKS FIFTH IN NATION FOR EDUCATION

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lorida is ranked fifth in the U.S. for education in The Annie E. Casey Foundation's most recent annual Kids Count Data Book. This yearly nonprofit report assesses child welfare using various variables; Florida's strong position is due to pupils' reading and math skills and their timely graduation rates. “Florida kids outperform the other states when it comes to math and reading proficiency, and the number of students graduating on time,” Foundation Director Lisa Hamilton noted according to WLRN. Despite these advantages, chronic absenteeism is a problem in Florida, where 35% of pupils skip 10 or more days of school per year, compared to 30% nationally. Hamilton highlighted the impact of this issue, “If a student isn't in class to learn, they're not going to hit their milestones.” Furthermore, compared to the national average of 40%, Florida has a higher percentage of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), with 43% of children experiencing major difficulties such parental abuse or incarceration. Children who are impacted by these experiences may endure trauma and have poor mental health outcomes.

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Six-year old Savannah Ducatel says she likes being able to play with her friends at her after-school program. Photo from The Children’s Trust.

B E YO N D FLO RI DA

MEXICO SELECTS CLAUDIA SHEINBAUM AS ITS FIRST FEMALE PRESIDENT, MAKING HISTORY Claudia Sheinbaum has been elected Mexico's first female president at a momentous and changing time. With over 59% of the vote, Sheinbaum defeated her primary opponent, former Senator Xóchitl Gálvez, by a considerable margin. Gálvez won around 28% of the vote, according to WUSF. Claudia Sheinbaum, 61, is a former mayor of Mexico City and an environmental scientist. Her election represents a major step for gender equality in a country that has long suffered from pervasive misogyny and gender-based violence.

Her win is evidence of the advancement of gender parity rules, which mandate that political parties field an equal number of male and female candidates, as well as a significant step forward for women's representation in Mexican politics.

Her win follows one of the deadliest presidential campaign seasons in Mexican history, with 37 assassinations, according to Yahoo News. Voters responded favorably to Sheinbaum's message of inclusivity and peace throughout the violence. She praised the contributions made by women to Mexico's history in her victory speech and vowed to create a varied and democratic country.

Sheinbaum's government will confront several difficulties as it gets ready to assume office, such as handling difficult immigration matters and combating violent crime. However, for many Mexicans, particularly women and young girls who aspire to leadership roles, her historic victory represents a ray of optimism and a sign of development.

THE PREGNANT WORKERS FAIRNESS ACT: A LIFELINE AMIDST LEGAL DISPUTES According to AP News, the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA) requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for expectant employees. This legislation has benefited people like Cornejo Barrera, who kept her job after claiming her rights under the new legislation. Nearly 500 workers have sought assistance through A Better Balance's legal helpline since the PWFA's inception, demonstrating how important it has been for many.

Despite its benefits, the law has a lot of legal obstacles. Controversy surrounding the inclusion of abortion-related measures has led to lawsuits from 19 states alleging federal overreach and inconsistency with state laws. These states contend they are compelled to subsidize abortions in violation of their legal frameworks due to the PWFA's abortion accommodations.

Enforcing the PWFA, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has tried to show the extent of the law and guarantee employer adherence. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) argues that the law's provision of accommodations related to abortion is consistent with prior legal rulings and does not require employers to support or encourage abortion.

The PWFA serves as a vital framework for defending the rights of expectant employees as these conflicts develop, highlighting the continuous need for knowledge and compliance to guarantee fair treatment at work.

Stories by Micah Barkley

PRES. BIDEN'S NEW PLAN COULD PROVIDE PATH TO CITIZENSHIP FOR HALF A MILLION IMMIGRANTS President Biden has proposed a new strategy that would eventually result in nearly 500,000 immigrants becoming citizens of the United States. This program is a part of a larger endeavor to overhaul the immigration laws in the United States. The initiative also aims to address the underlying reasons of irregular migration, improve border security, and expedite the legal immigration process.

To create a just, lawful and compassionate immigration system, a variety of executive measures and suggested legislative changes are included in the comprehensive strategy.

According to The White House, crucial elements include strengthening border security with cutting-edge equipment and more staff, streamlining the asylum procedure, and simplifying legal avenues for immigrants.

To handle migration more efficiently and humanely, the strategy also places a strong emphasis on working with regional partners to increase access to temporary work visas for people from Central America, expand the processing of refugee applications and provide humanitarian support.

The Biden Administration seeks to establish a more safe and stable immigration system that benefits both immigrants and the US as a whole by addressing both the immediate needs of migrants and the systemic concerns that motivate migration.

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PERSPECTIVE

COLLEGE:

THE GREAT EQUALIZER? MAYBE NOT. EXPERTS SHOW THAT LUCK AND HIRING PRACTICES PLAY A ROLE.

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he idea that a college degree levels the playing field for students of different socioeconomic classes has been bolstered in recent years. Research from 2011 and 2017, for example, found that earning a bachelor’s degree helped students from less advantaged backgrounds do as well as their better-off peers.

Jessi Streib, a sociology professor at Duke University, was skeptical.

According to other research, everything associated with landing a good job–professional networks, high GPAs, internships, status symbols–is unequally distributed by class. To find out whether college is the “great equalizer,” or whether more is at play than a bachelor’s degree, Streib interviewed 62 students at a public university who were majoring in business – the most popular major. She also chatted with 80 hiring agents and for-

mally interviewed many more employers. Here, she shares her findings.

BASED ON YOUR RESEARCH, IS COLLEGE THE ‘GREAT EQUALIZER’?

College helps, but widespread employment practices that keep salary information hidden seemed to play a larger role for the students I interviewed.

Prospective employers in that job market frequently hide key information, such as salary range and a detailed job description, that would help graduating students decide what jobs to apply for.

The information is often not provided until a job offer is made.

In addition, employers regularly offer graduating students different amounts to do similar jobs, so it’s hard for the soon-to-be grads to develop a general idea about what they should be paid for the type of work they want

LOOKING FOR SOLUTIONS

FLORIDA’S SCHOOL SAFETY DASHBOARD HELPS PARENTS AND TEACHERS ADDRESS ROOT CAUSES OF BULLYING, FIGHTING AND OTHER MISBEHAVIOR

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lorida updated its school safety dashboard in April 2024, and it is now one of the most comprehensive in the nation. F. Chris Curran is an education policy professor at the University of Florida who partnered with Safe Schools for Alex, a nonprofit created by Max Schachter following the murder of his son Alex in the Parkland massacre in 2018, to release the new version of the dashboard. The Conversation asked him how parents and schools can benefit from the dashboard and what other states might learn from it as well.

WHAT CAN THIS DASHBOARD SHOW PARENTS ABOUT HOW SAFE A SCHOOL IS FOR THEIR CHILD? Parents can use the Safe Schools for Alex dashboard to compare safety metrics in their child’s school with district and state averages as well as with other similar schools. The dashboard includes all public K-12 schools in Florida and over 50 indicators of school safety – ranging from fights and weapons to school bus crashes. Parents can also see information on school responses and resources, such as whether school staff are trained in suicide prevention and the ratio of counselors to students.

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Access to this data lets parents and parent-teacher associations know what questions to ask of their teachers and school leaders to help them contribute to school improvement plans. It can also help parents better support their own children at home by talking about and addressing issues they see in the dashboard.

For example, parents might talk to their kids about bullying or hazing, using the statistics in the dashboard.

With numerous measures of school safety at their fingertips, parents can look for the indicators that meet the needs of their individual child. For example, a parent with a child dealing with anxiety or depression might compare the mental health resources available at different schools.

HOW CAN SCHOOLS USE THE DASHBOARD? School districts and educators can see their school safety data in relation to other schools and districts – and how such data relates to standardized test scores, community violence and other indicators. So, for example, a school might see an increasing trend in its community of students in poverty or living without health insurance and focus on connecting families with external social support resources. In contrast, a

school that sees increases in school incidents despite improving community indicators might instead focus on improving school engagement and disciplinary responses.

In partnership with Safe Schools for Alex, my team also developed training that uses the dashboard to start conversations about school safety and find solutions. School leaders can use the dashboard to identify areas of concern in their own school – such as an increasing pattern of fights. The dashboard and the training then facilitate conversation about root causes of the issue. The dashboard’s list of resources provides evidence-based approaches to developing and implementing solutions. For example, school leaders might find a new bullying prevention program to implement or identify another school with decreasing fights to reach out to and learn from.

COULD THERE BE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES? Unfortunately, research has shown that data dashboards can result in a stigma toward certain schools and lead to more affluent families leaving those schools. Public rankings of schools have been linked to increases in economic, racial and educational seg-

PERSPECTIVE to do. Salary information found on websites such as Glassdoor is often unreliable. Because of this, graduating students whose parents have different levels of education – one facet of socioeconomic status – must guess where to apply to get ahead. That makes luck the “great equalizer” for people with bachelor’s degrees.

WHAT OTHER HIRING PRACTICES AFFECT THE JOBS NEW GRADS RECEIVE? In addition to hiding salary information, hiring agents tend to obscure the criteria they use to evaluate prospective employees. For example, they might announce that they are looking for applicants with strong communication or teamwork skills, but they don’t describe what meets those criteria. Good communications could mean the ability to be concise or to

be thorough and a bit wordy. On top of this, different hiring agents may use contradictory criteria. I’ve found that some prefer students who answer quickly and decisively, while others want those who take time before responding.

At the same time, employers – those who hire students such as the business majors I interviewed – tend to use neutral criteria that students from all class backgrounds can meet. They often don’t require a high GPA and ignore students’ status symbols, such as familiarity with expensive activities such as golf, skiing and international travel. They also tend to refuse to negotiate with new college graduates over pay. Students from middle- and upper-class families, who are more likely to know how to negotiate, lose their advantage. This, in turn, leads to less disparity in income for new hires.

HOW DOES A LACK OF INFORMATION CANCEL STUDENTS’ CLASS ADVANTAGE? Students from more privileged backgrounds tend to have more family members and friends who can help them find jobs. But when pay is hidden, the people in students’ networks often lack needed information and so are just as likely to lead students into low-paying positions as high-paying ones, according to my research.

Generally, students who are more advantaged are more likely to turn to their family, friends or the career center to get advice on job-search issues such as resumes and interviews.

When information about the hiring processes is hidden, the advice students receive is rarely useful. Instead, their friends and family tell students to prepare for questions that are never

asked and advise them to answer questions in ways that particular hiring agents might penalize. For example, one student I spoke with was advised to keep his answers short; the interviewer later told him he didn’t get the job because his answers weren’t expansive enough.

ARE THE RESULTS DIFFERENT FOR STUDENTS IN OTHER MAJORS? Students at public universities who are not business majors may encounter different processes, but my findings are likely to extend to many other students at non-elite universities as well. For a large swath of college graduates, whether they happen to apply for a job that pays well boils down to luck. For that reason, luck – in addition to a degree – likely acts as the great equalizer.

regation. Lower-ranked schools, in turn, can lose enrollment and resources as wealthier parents opt for higher-ranked schools.

The Safe Schools for Alex dashboard purposefully avoids ranking or labeling schools as “safe” or “unsafe” for this reason. The dashboard includes a range of indicators so educators and parents can avoid a simplistic view of a school as safe or not. While parents often want a single indicator of a school’s performance, such indicators often misrepresent safety or achievement, as they tend to be more indicative of other factors, such as the poverty level of students served.

WHAT DOES THE DASHBOARD REVEAL ABOUT VIOLENCE IN SCHOOLS TODAY? Schools nationwide have reported increases in student misbehavior over the past several years. The dashboard shows this increase too. However, while some of the increase in safety-related incidents is due to violence such as fights, a large part is driven by nonviolent incidents – particularly vaping.

The data also shows that while rates of some incidents are increasing, so are state resources such as funding for school safety and mental health. Specifically, state funding per student for mental health has doubled from about $24 per student to $48 per student in Florida over the past five years. Meanwhile, funding for implementing security practices such as hiring school police officers has increased by about 15%.

Ultimately, the dashboard reveals that there is a lot of variation across schools and districts. Some have high and some have low rates of violence; some are increasing and some are decreasing.

WHAT’S NEXT? School safety is a top priority of students, parents and educators. Just as schools have embraced the use of data to improve academic instruction, the use of data to ensure school safety is also growing. Yet, we have found that a quarter to a third of states currently do not make school safety or discipline data publicly available.

Along with the Florida dashboard, Safe Schools for Alex has dashboards for Kentucky, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire and Virginia. These other dashboards are in the process of being enhanced to include more data and features like the Florida one.

A number of other states, including Georgia, have their own dashboards that similarly include wide-ranging data points and interactive features. And some states, such as Kentucky, have integrated such measures into their broader school report cards.

These dashboards do not have all the answers, but they can help parents and school leaders know what questions to ask and where to find resources to make schools safer, fairer and more conducive to learning.

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R E A L E S TAT E

THE DOWN PAYMENT IS A COMMON MYTH KEEPING YOU FROM HOMEOWNERSHIP?

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StatePoint Media, Photo: iStock via Getty Images Plus

f you think saving for a down payment is your number one barrier to homeownership, it’s important to understand how down payments work, how much is necessary and what programs can help you secure the funds you need.

To get you started, Freddie Mac is answering some frequently asked questions: 1. What is a down payment and how does it affect my mortgage? A down payment is the amount of money you pay up front when purchasing a home, and it’s generally calculated as a percentage of the total home price. When you put more money down at the outset, the amount you need to borrow from your lender decreases, and so do your monthly mortgage payments. Although a larger down payment can be beneficial for this reason, it may not be in your best interest if it would leave you in a compromised financial position with no cushion.

However, a smaller down payment can help you become a homeowner faster and begin building equity sooner.

2. How large should my down payment be?

A Freddie Mac survey found that nearly onethird of prospective homebuyers believe you need to make a down payment of at least 20% to buy a home. This myth remains one of the largest perceived barriers to homeownership.

The truth is that the typical down payment is between 5% and 20%, and some mortgage programs make it possible to put down as little as 3%. Your down payment size will depend on your financial situation, your lender and your eligibility for different types of mortgages.

Bear in mind that if you put down less than 20% and have a conventional loan, you’ll need

to budget for private mortgage insurance (PMI), an added insurance policy that protects the lender if you’re unable to pay your mortgage. This monthly fee is rolled into your mortgage payment. Expect to pay approximately $30 to $70 per month for every $100,000 you borrow. The good news? Many types of loans allow you to cancel your PMI once you’ve built 20% equity in your home.

You can use Freddie Mac’s down payment calculator at myhome.freddiemac.com/ resources/calculators/down-payment to explore how different down payment amounts affect how much you pay each month and over the life of your loan.

3. Where can I turn for help? Struggling to save for a down payment? There are many forms of down payment assistance, including

grants, mortgage credit certificates, individual development accounts, down payment assistance loans and even monetary gifts from family members. For those earning 50% or less than their area’s median income, Freddie Mac offers a $2,500 credit to qualified individuals to assist with down payment and other closing costs.

A housing counselor or lender can explain the ins and outs of each of these options, and help you determine which make sense for your situation. Ask your lender about DPA One, a free tool from Freddie Mac that lenders can use to help connect you with down payment assistance programs available in your area.

Saving for a down payment can sound daunting, but you may be overestimating the up-front cost. The truth is that homeownership may be a practical and affordable option for you now.

ONYX MAGAZINE 35

ONYX ON THE MOVE

NCNW-ORLANDO HOSTS INAUGURAL LUNCHEON

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he National Council of Negro Women Central Florida Section, Inc. successfully hosted its inaugural Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Celebration and Black Rose Scholarship Luncheon on June 8, 2024, at the Orange County Multicultural Community Center in Orlando, Fla. The event was a resounding success, bringing together students, sponsors, and supporters for an afternoon of recognition and appreciation led by Ms. Carolyn Fennell. It was a heartwarming and inspiring occasion that showcased the profound impact of education and philanthropy on shaping lives. Six deserving students received a $500 scholarship each to support their academic pursuits at their chosen HBCU this fall.

These students, Tenaya Lee, Michah Nunn, Matthew Nunn, Nathaniel Worrell, Ayanna Blocker, and Qiara Dreher Arevalo, are all from local high schools.

Our commitment to supporting the youth of Central Florida in pursuing higher education,

ONYX Publisher Rich Black, ONYX VP Dee Parker, Dorothy Height Community Service Award Recipient Commissioner Nadia Blackmon, Keynote Speaker Tiffany Moore Russell.

BY DELORIS GRANT

ONYX Publisher Rich Black and NCNW scholars. thereby enabling them to excel in a competitive global workforce, remains unwavering. The keynote address, "Soaring To New Heights," delivered

by Tiffany Moore Russell, Orange County Clerk of Courts, was powerful and uplifting. This event also recognized two extraordinary community leaders:

Melissa Clarke, center, recipient of the Dr. Mary McLeod-Bethune Educator Award, with Orlando President Carole Davis, left, and Dr. Deloris Grant.

36 ONYX MAGAZINE

Dr. Delores Grant is the Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Celebration and Black Rose Scholarship Luncheon chair and newly elected 1st vice president, Central Florida Section, Inc.

Members of NCNW-Orlando. Photos by Mary Maxwell.

NEW RIDE HONORS FIRST BLACK DISNEY PRINCESS

Inside the Tiana’s Bayou Adventure Ride.

Melissa Clarke, founder of Colossus Private Academy, as the Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Educator honoree, and the Honorable Nadia Anderson, the first black woman elected Commissioner of the City of Apopka, FL, as the Dr. Dorothy Height Community Service honoree. To conclude the program, our section President, Carole Davis, delivered a dramatic presentation of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune’s “Last Will and Testament.

The generous support of our title sponsor, Onyx Magazine, has made a profound impact on the academic aspirations of deserving students.

With your continued support, we can empower and inspire the next generation of leaders.ё

The stars of “The Princess and the Frog” take the water ride. Photos by Walt Disney World.ю

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NYX Magazine “dropped on in” to Tiana’s Bayou Adventure at Magic Kingdom Park, ahead of its June 28 opening at Magic Kingdom Park. Guests are invited to “drop on in” to Tiana’s Bayou Adventure, a new family thrill ride featuring the joy, music and magic of the Walt Disney Animation Studios film “The Princess and the Frog.” Guests will take a trip down the bayou in this exciting flume-drop water ride for a glimpse of life after Tiana and Naveen’s happily ever after. Now successful business owners, the couple is looking to bring their community together for a Mardi Gras celebration.

It’s a joyful, vibrant adventure as guests join Princess Tiana and Louis in a search for a band to create the perfect neighborhood soiree. Guests of all ages will be delighted by mesmerizing scenery and dozens of innovative Audio-Animatronics figures of their favorite characters including Tiana, Louis, Mama Odie and more. The attraction includes the debut of 17 new musical critters and a brand-new song, “Special Spice,” featuring the talents of PJ Morton, Terence Blanchard and Anika Noni Rose.

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COMMUNITY

V

QUILT SYMBOLIZES PROGRESS

ickie Oldham initially learned about Peg Green’s new art quilt but only truly felt its emotional impact when she visited Green’s home to see it in person. The quilt, titled “Leadership: Vickie Oldham, Newtown Alive,” symbolized progress in Oldham’s work in preserving the history of Newtown, a predominantly Black community in Sarasota. Oldham, the president and CEO of the Sarasota African American Cultural Coalition and the leader of the Newtown Alive project, was deeply moved by the quilt’s depiction of various locations in Newtown and its central portrayal of herself.

Peg Green, an artist specializing in art quilts, found inspiration for the Newtown quilt after taking a trolley tour of Newtown with Newtown Alive. She was drawn to the neighborhood’s sense of community and its rich history within the Sarasota area. Green’s exhibition featuring the Newtown quilt, “Witness!” at the Unitarian Universalist Church of Sarasota, reflects her commitment to social justice and making untold stories public.

Green’s meticulous process involved extensive research, photography, and the use of thousands of different fabrics to bring the quilt to life. The quilt includes significant aspects of

Newtown’s history, such as the desegregation of Sarasota’s beaches and important community landmarks. The creation of the quilt took approximately one-and-a-half months, and its future placement is still being determined.

Oldham expressed gratitude for Green’s contribution to telling the community’s story through her art, emphasizing the powerful impact of the quilt in sharing the history of Newtown. The quilt serves as a testament to the vision of engaging individuals like Green to use their talents to preserve and celebrate the community’s heritage.

Photo courtesy of Newtown Alive

MOVING CANNABIS TO SCHEDULE 3 COULD HAVE WIDE-RANGING IMPACT

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he Biden Administration is considering reclassifying marijuana from Schedule 1 to Schedule 3, aligning it with substances like Tylenol with codeine, known for “moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence.” Currently grouped with LSD and heroin, this adjustment wouldn’t federally decriminalize marijuana, though it’s seen by some as a potential step in that direction.

Sha'Ron James, a regulatory lawyer and public policy strategist, notes potential regulatory and research impacts, “Interestingly, in order to do research related to marijuana, the specific marijuana that you're studying can only be received through one entity.”

This shift could expand research into 38 ONYX MAGAZINE

Michelle Foye

how various marijuana strains affect conditions like chronic pain.

Michelle Foye, CEO (Chief Executive Officer) of Precis Screening, warns [commercial] truck drivers might no longer be tested for marijuana, “If the rule change goes through, DOT [U.S.

Sha'Ron James

Department of Transportation] would have the tough job of evaluating its drug testing policy to continue screening safety-sensitive occupations it regulates for marijuana use.” Non-regulated workplaces might still test employees despite marijuana’s reclassification.

Foye sees opportunities for proactive workplace policies and education.

“Employers might want to call a company like ours to say, ‘Hey, how can we be proactive in educating our employees? Can you check out our drug and alcohol policy and program?’” Public comments can be submitted online at www.regulations.gov until July 22, 2024.

Visit bit.ly/MMERIMAY2024 to watch MMERI’s Conversations on Cannabis Virtual Forum featuring attorney Sha’Ron James and drug testing expert Michelle Foye discussing the major changes and plans to reclassify marijuana in the U.S. Editor’s note: This commentary is provided by the Medical Marijuana Education and Research Initiative (MMERI) of Florida A&M University

F A M I LY

SWIM SAFELY FOUR TIPS FOR SUMMER WATER SAFETY

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rowning is a leading cause of death for children ages 1-4, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. During the summer months, when water activities are more prevalent, drowning is more common, reports the National Safety Council.

Extreme heat may increase incidents of cardiac arrest and an average of 33 drownings occur in the U.S. each day, one-third of which are fatal. To protect your loved ones when playing in and around water this summer, keep these tips from the American Heart Association in mind: Never Swim Alone. Children always need supervision, but even adults should swim with a buddy so someone can call for help if an unexpected problem arises.

Swimmers can get cramps that hinder movement in the water and slips and falls can happen to anyone.

Wear Protective Devices. U.S. Coast-Guardapproved life jackets provide the best protection for someone who is in the water and unable to safely reach solid footing. When on a boat, all passengers should wear life jackets in case of an accident, and young and inexperienced swimmers should wear one any time they’re near water.

Choose Your Swimming Location Wisely.

Avoid unknown bodies of water where hazards such as tree limbs or rocks may be hidden below the surface. Also avoid waterways with strong currents, such as rivers, that can easily carry even the strongest swimmers away. Instead, choose swimming pools and locations with trained lifeguards on duty.

Learn Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).

In the event of a drowning, no matter the age, the American Heart Association recommends rescue breaths along with chest compressions to keep oxygen circulating to the brain. Only 39% of those who participated in a consumer survey said they are familiar with conventional CPR and only 23% know about Hands-Only CPR.

Visit heart.org/nation to access more summer safety resources and find a CPR course near you.

Consider these ways to learn CPR and join the Nation of Lifesavers as an individual, family, organization or community.

• 1.

2.

Watch Online. Learn the basics of Hands-Only CPR by watching an instructional video online. Hands-Only CPR has just two simple steps: Call 911 if you see someone suddenly collapse.

Push hard and fast in the center of the chest to the beat of a familiar song with 100-120 beats per minute, such as “Stayin’ Alive” by the Bee Gees.

•

Immerse Yourself. Through a virtual reality app, you can learn how to perform Hands-Only CPR and use an automated external defibrillator (AED) then put your skills to the test in real-life scenarios.

•

Learn at Home. Learn basic lifesaving skills in about 20 minutes from the comfort and privacy of home with CPR Anytime kits. The Infant CPR Anytime program is for new parents, grandparents, babysitters, nannies and anyone who wants to learn lifesaving infant CPR and choking relief skills. The Adult & Child CPR Anytime Training kit teaches adults and teens Hands-Only CPR, child CPR with breaths, adult and child choking relief and general awareness of AEDs.

•

Take a Course. Get a group together and find a nearby class to learn the lifesaving skills of CPR, first aid and AED.

•

Turn Employees Into Lifesavers. Help make your workplace and community safer one step at a time by committing to CPR training for your employees or coworkers.

ONYX MAGAZINE 39

W E A LT H & F I N A N C E

THE HISTORICAL ROOTS OF THE RACIAL WEALTH GAP

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BY JOSEPH DEAN

hroughout the history of the United States, including before and after the passage of civil rights legislation in the 1960s, there has been persistent inequality in wealth and homeownership between Black and White families. The disparity in wealth between Black and White communities is not merely alarming; it’s unacceptable. Black wealth currently constitutes barely 15% of White wealth. Addressing this egregious inequity necessitates a focus on increasing Black homeownership, which remains disconcertingly low. It is deeply troubling that the majority of gains in Black homeownership occurred before 1968, during an era when segregation was legally sanctioned. This fact underscores the structural barriers perpetuating this intolerable wealth divide.

For most families, their home is the primary way they store and build wealth.

The Black-White homeownership gap is therefore the primary driver of the Black-White racial wealth divide. National Community Reinvestment Coalition (NCRC) has called for policymakers to set a target Black homeownership rate of 60% within the next 20 years.

While homeownership is the biggest key to wealth accumulation, other factors help contextualize wealth and homeownership disparities. Inheritances, intergenerational transfers and support from family and friends also play major roles in persistent racial inequality because many Black families lack the opportunity to give or receive familial financial support.

These in-kind familial transfers are frequently used as a down payment on a home purchase. The difference in financial support that Black and White families can provide their children further exacerbates the homeownership gap. Black families’ inability to establish intergenerational wealth impedes homeownership opportunities, compounding the racial wealth gap. And when an unexpected emergency expense arises, this same difference in support network capacities may mean that a Black household that’s found some financial traction can have their wealth-building progress abruptly undone in ways a similarly situated White family might not.

A variety of data sources exist to add specificity to this picture. The most comprehensive dataset on the balance sheets of American families is the Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF). The SCF collects information on the types of assets and liabilities held by families.

The 2022 edition of the SCF was recently released and forms the basis of the following analysis. What do the new data show about the state of wealth accumulation for families, the racial wealth divide, and how it has changed over the pandemic? And what further research questions do the new numbers suggest?

Between 2019 and 2022, the median net worth of Americans saw an increase of 37%, jumping from $141,145 to $192,900. This was the largest threeyear increase since the SCF began in 1989. During the same period, the average net worth for all households rose by 23%, reaching $1,063,700.

40 ONYX MAGAZINE

Median Net Worth indicates the middle point of net worth in America; half of the households have more, and half have less. The substantial rise in median net worth suggests that the financial situation of the typical American household has improved significantly.

Average Net Worth, on the other hand, calculates the total net worth of all households divided by the number of households. A higher average net worth, especially when it significantly exceeds the median, often indicates that wealth at the top end (i.e., among the wealthiest households) is pulling up the average.

This can mask the financial reality of the majority, as a few extremely wealthy individuals or families can skew the average upward.

In this case, both median and average wealth increased substantially–driven largely by the increase in home equity. For households that rent, that paints a far grimmer picture.

These significant gains in the overall wealth of U.S. households also reduced the racial wealth gap–just not nearly enough to constitute a victory. Black household wealth increased from 12.7% to only 15.5% of median White household wealth between 2019 and 2022.

Black households made substantial gains in net worth between 2019 and 2022.

Over this period, median Black net worth increased by 60% to $44,900, the largest increase of any racial group. This huge jump in wealth can be attributed mainly to housing which accounted for 43.8% of total Black wealth. Home equity now makes up the largest share of Black wealth since the start of the 20th century.

The homeownership rate among Black Americans was approximately 44% in 2021 according to the American Community Survey. This means that the financial advantages of rising property values benefited just a fraction of Black families—those who own homes. In fact, between 2013 and 2022, more than 90% of the wealth gains for Black Americans came from homeownership.

This indicates a growing reliance on owning a home as a key method for Black households to accumulate wealth.

W E A LT H & F I N A N C E including in real estate property (the largest component of ‘other wealth’) while Black households rely heavily on homes, vehicles and retirement. White households often have broader access to financial resources, education and networks that facilitate investments in higher-return assets like stocks and business ventures, contributing to more substantial wealth growth. Additionally, systemic barriers and historical inequalities, such as disparities in credit access and discriminatory housing practices, have hindered Black households' ability to accumulate and diversify their wealth comparably.

This story is reprinted through a Creative Commons license with the National Community Reinvestment Coalition.

THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The persistent homeownership gap significantly amplifies wealth growth among White families compared to Black families. This gap in homeownership rates between White and Black families has remained strikingly stable since 1900. The smallest difference was observed in 1980, at just 22.5%. Unfortunately, this gap has widened rather than narrowed over time, reaching 29.6% in 2020—even larger than when the Census first started recording these figures in 1900. This widening gap underscores the urgent need to address systemic inequalities in homeownership to foster equitable wealth growth.

If home prices were more attainable for renter households, that might not be such a worry. But the lack of housing affordability is making this dependency on homeownership a liability for Black households. Elevated home prices and mortgage rates are strangling the American dream of Black renters hoping to move into homeownership—just as rent costs skyrocket nationwide and half of all renters are cost-burdened.

There are substantial differences in the data regarding the composition of net worth by race. Close to half of Black net worth came from home equity alone, compared to less than 20% for White households. Vehicles made up close to four times as much of a Black household’s net worth as their White counterparts.

The inverse holds for stock ownership, which made up 8% of White wealth but just 2% of Black wealth. Overall, Black households’ wealth is less diversified and tends to rely more on non-investment property and non-financial assets.

In addition to these differences in net worth composition, the drivers of net worth growth have also differed along racial lines over the last decade. For White households, home equity and business assets are the two largest contributors to net worth gains between 2013 and 2022, accounting for 21% and 27% respectively. For Black households, however, home equity accounted for over 60% of wealth gains, followed by retirement accounts at 18% over the same period. These differences in the composition of both overall wealth and wealth gains show that White households have a variety of sources of wealth,

One noteworthy observation from the new SCF numbers was the large jump in the percentage of Black households reporting business assets, from under 5% in 2019 to over 11%. This surge in business formation among Blacks mirrors trends seen throughout the economy, as more people filed business license applications than before the pandemic.

This doubling in the share of Black people who owned a business between 2019 and 2022 was, however, accompanied by an almost 50% decline in average business value. This fall in business value was observed for all racial groups–though it was significantly less pronounced for White households. If the number of businesses doubled but their average value halved, that would signal a net gain of approximately zero dollars in the total revenues of Black-owned businesses. But this worrisome news from the SCF isn't necessarily represented in other surveys.

According to the Census Bureau’s 2022 Annual Business Survey, there were 161,031 Black-owned businesses, a 29% increase from 2017. Over the same period, the percentage of Black businesses with no employees–other than the business owner themselves–went from 12% to 16% of all Black-owned firms. The average revenue per Black firm increased by 10%. Finally, the number of self-employed workers overall in the economy increased by only 3% from 2019 to 2022.

The contradiction between SCF data and survey data on Black business formation means it is possible that the large increase in Black households reporting business assets was due to an increase in micro-business and informal self-employment among Black Americans–who, as a group, still struggle to access the small business capital vital to pursuing grander business ideas, in ways that new data set to be captured under Section 1071 rules may help to address.

SOLUTION As the African American community achieves record levels of wealth and record lows of unemployment, the momentum is there to decrease asset poverty for African Americans and help reduce the racial wealth divide. To bring African Americans to broad economic security–the landscape envisioned in NCRC’s Just Economy Pledge, where most Black people are homeowners and their median wealth is near the national median – will require meaningful policy change.

There are promising examples of such change in bold, experimental local policies being tried across the country, including baby bonds that would have a disproportionately positive impact on African American economic security, universal basic income pilots, and community land trust initiatives. There is also evidence of increased discussion of reparations, which are specific to repairing the harms from racialized slavery and other now-illegal forms of exploitation and can lay the groundwork for more general policies to address homeownership and affordable housing. But neither city- and state-level policy experiments nor louder talk about reparations will suffice. Federal policy is required to address this longstanding national issue–and in the severe partisan gridlock that has defined federal policymaking in recent years, it is difficult to hope for bold congressional action to address African American racial economic inequality.

Joseph Dean is NCRC’s Racial Economic junior research specialist.

ONYX MAGAZINE 41

SAGE

GIVE BACK

SENIORS VOLUNTEERING TOGETHER TO BUILD FRIENDSHIPS AND STRENGTHEN BONDS.

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olunteering is a big part of many of our lives, from participating in Scouts, making an impact with co-workers or being a member of civic and grassroots organizations. When we retire, increasing our volunteer efforts is a natural next step. Many 42 ONYX MAGAZINE

choose AmeriCorps Seniors RSVP program, she spends about 10 hours a week teaching new volunteers about helping older adults age in place, providing food for those in need and extending the capacity of local nonprofits.

“There’s so much to love about volun-

teering,” says one senior volunteer. “Providing purpose and serving the community are obvious reasons, but the connections I make with others are one of the greatest benefits.

I just really love helping people and I’ve made friends through volunteering.”

Family Features

SAGE

That experience with volunteering is backed by science. According to the Mayo Clinic, having a solid social network improves both physical and mental health as it can boost happiness, increase your sense of belonging and improve self-confidence. As people age, many social avenues from earlier phases of life, such as school and work, no longer exist and making friends can be difficult. The Mayo Clinic suggests volunteering as a beneficial way to make friends and improve social well-being.

“Volunteering fosters more connected and less isolated older adults,” said Atalaya Sergi, director at AmeriCorps Seniors. “Our research, focused on the impact of our programs, finds volunteering can provide positive health and well-being outcomes. In our study, 84% of participants reported stable or improving health and 88% had lower feelings of isolation within one year of volunteering. Each year, we match more than 143,000 Americans with volunteer opportunities, helping build connections and address societal issues, nurturing real relationships that help people become both happier and more fulfilled.”

Adults ages 55 and up can be matched with local volunteer organizations fitting their interests, skills and availability through AmeriCorps Seniors, the nation’s largest national service program for older adults, which offers three signature programs, RSVP, the Foster Grandparent Program and the Senior Companion Program. Seniors in Florida and nationwide play crucial roles in community resilience and connectedness.

The time commitment for all programs is flexible, ranging from a few hours to 40 hours per week.

Research studies like the Harvard University Study of Adult Development, found that older adults who invest in, care for and develop the next generation are three times as likely to be happy as those who did not. Foster Grandpar-

“Providing purpose and serving the community are obvious reasons, but the connections I make with others are one of the greatest benefits. I just really love helping people and I’ve made friends through volunteering.” ent volunteers are more examples of the difference it can make to serve.

Foster Grandparent volunteers attest to the joy of impacting youth by passing on their wisdom and sharing their culture and language with students, many of whom are refugees from different parts of the world. One of the reasons the program has such a positive impact is the intergenerational connections it helps establish. Benefits abound not only for

the young, but particularly for the volunteers.

“We love being here because of the environment and the students who study here,” said one Foster Grandparet volunteer. “The teachers like us. I help students who speak my language. I enjoy it and they enjoy it, too.”

To be matched to rewarding volunteer opportunities near you, visit AmeriCorps.gov/YourMoment.

ONYX MAGAZINE 43

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WORKPLACE

IMPROVE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE USING THESE FOUR KEY SKILLS, YOU CAN IMPROVE YOUR EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, BUILD STRONGER RELATIONSHIPS, AND REACH YOUR GOALS AT WORK, SCHOOL, AND IN YOUR PERSONAL LIFE.

WHAT IS EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (EQ)?

Emotional intelligence (also known as emotional quotient or EQ) is the ability to understand, use, and manage your own emotions in positive ways to relieve stress, communicate effectively, empathize with others, overcome challenges and defuse conflict.

Emotional intelligence helps you build stronger relationships, succeed at school and work, and achieve your career and personal goals. It can also help you to connect with your feelings, turn intention into action, and make informed decisions about what matters most to you.

THE 4 KEY SKILLS TO EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE:

Helpguide.org

Self-Management. You’re able to control impulsive feelings and behaviors, manage your emotions in healthy ways, take initiative, follow through on commitments, and adapt to changing circumstances.

Self-Awareness. You recognize your own emotions and how they affect your thoughts and

behavior. You know your strengths and weaknesses, and have self-confidence.

Social Awareness. You have empathy. You can understand the emotions, needs, and concerns of other people, pick up on emotional cues, feel comfortable socially, and recognize the power dynamics in a group or organization.

Relationship Management. You know how to develop and maintain good relationships, communicate clearly, inspire and influence others, work well in a team, and manage conflict.

THE IMPORTANCE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (EQ) As we know, it’s not the smartest people who are the most successful or the most fulfilled in life. You probably know people who are academically brilliant and yet are socially inept and unsuccessful at work or in their personal relationships.

Intellectual ability or your intelligence quotient (IQ) isn’t enough on its own to achieve success in life. Yes, your IQ can help you get into college, but it’s your EQ that will help you manage the stress and emotions when facing your final

exams. IQ and EQ exist in tandem and are most effective when they build off one another.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AFFECTS: Your performance at school or work. High emotional intelligence can help you navigate the social complexities of the workplace, lead and motivate others, and excel in your career.

In fact, when it comes to gauging important job candidates, many companies now rate emotional intelligence as important as technical ability and employ EQ testing before hiring.

Your Physical Health. If you’re unable to manage your emotions, you are probably not managing your stress either. This can lead to serious health problems. Uncontrolled stress raises blood pressure, suppresses the immune system, increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes, contributes to infertility, and speeds up the aging process. The first step to improving emotional intelligence is to learn how to manage stress.

Your Mental Health. Uncontrolled emotions and stress can also impact your mental health, making you vulnerable to anxiety and depression.

If you are unable to understand, get comfortable with, or manage your emotions, you’ll also struggle to form strong relationships. This in turn can leave you feeling lonely and isolated and further exacerbate any mental health problems.

Your Relationships. By understanding your emotions and how to control them, you’re better able to express how you feel and understand how others are feeling. This allows you to communicate more effectively and forge stronger relationships, both at work and in your personal life.

Your Social Intelligence. Being in tune with your emotions serves a social purpose, connecting you to other people and the world around you. Social intelligence enables you to recognize friend from foe, measure another person’s interest in you, reduce stress, balance your nervous system through social communication, and feel loved and happy.

ONYX MAGAZINE 45

F E AT U R E

THE BLACK VOTE A FOCUSED LENS ON THE 2024 ELECTION

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BY PENNY DICKERSON

n Nov. 5, Americans will cast ballots to elect their next commander in chief, a political decision already marred by controversy and razorthin poll margins. Presumptive nominees for each party are President Joe Biden (D) and former President Donald Trump (R). The 45th and 46th presidents will face-off in a historical rematch that has both candidates feverishly campaigning to secure what may be considered the most important sector necessary to win: the Black vote.

In 2020, record turnout among Black voters in battleground states delivered the Oval Office to Biden, a reference the president frequently amplifies on the campaign trail.

“Because Black Americans voted, Kamala [Harris] and I are president and vice president of the United States. Because of you. That’s not hyperbole,” Biden told a crowd of Black voters during a campaign stop in Philadelphia on May 29.

Biden’s formidable strides during his first term include progress in student debt relief, support for Black-owned business along with inflation and unemployment. However, the president is 81 years old, an Sen. Raphael Warnock issue that conjures doubt as to whether he is competent to serve a second term.

Trump turned 78 in June, but his woes run deeper than age. A jury in a NY trial convicted the former president on 34 counts of falsification of business records in the first degree. The former president is now a convicted felon who may serve time in jail. His sentencing date is July 11.

46 ONYX MAGAZINE

“My mug shot, we've all seen the mug shot and you know who embraced it more than anybody else? The Black population,” Trump said while speaking at the Black Conservative Federation's annual BCF Honors Gala at the Columbia Metropolitan Convention Center in Columbia, S.C., on Feb. 23.

“I got indicted a second time and a third time. I got a fourth time and a lot of people said that, 'That's why the Black people like me, because they have been hurt so badly and discriminated against.”

The idea that Trump believes his own criminality renders him a favorable candidate or more identifiable to Blacks has left many potential voters feeling insulted and disengaged.

“I kind of feel disgusted that he felt like he could get to us by making jokes about going to jail and relating to us that way. It's not what we stand for as people. That's not us as a whole,” said Aaron McKinley Veal, a junior at Winston-Salem State University.

Veal was an attendee at the No Cap Conference, an all-male, invite-only event held in downtown Atlanta June 22 and sponsored by The Black Male Voter Project— an organization dedicated to increasing civic engagement among Black men.

“It's called No Cap. No cap, in a young Black man’s language, means ‘no lies. This is the truth,” said Mondale Robinson, the organization’s founder who was interviewed

by ABC News Chief National Correspondent and “Nightline” Co-Anchor Byron Pitts.

Robinson added that the event’s purpose was two-fold: to talk to the Black men

who don't participate in the election and to ignite political awareness among those who are typically disengaged from the election process.

“I'm so politically tired,” Ahmad Blair, a junior at North Carolina A&T University told ABC News.

“I don't even know what issues I care about anymore. I know that reproductive rights are important to me, but I'm tired. Constantly having to fight as a Black man in every space. You have to fight when you enter these white spaces. You’re fighting in Rudy F. Jamison, Jr., Ed.D.

The Man Cave Barber Shop where Black men meet to discuss important issues a housing market applying for apartments because you can be discriminated against just for being Black. It's like every system is built in opposition to our success.”

Engaging Black males in politically charged discourse has remained an effort owned by the likes of community barber shops and the backyard barbeque. Grassroot efforts and unique gatherings like No Cap are changing the trajectory to create a focused lens that reveal that not just Blacks, but Black men have a voice and want to be heard. Still, Black men show up at the polls far less than any other demographic group, according to a Pew Research report.

“We talk to the brothers that the world doesn't want to talk to,” Robinson said. “Nobody's doing that.”

ONYX Magazine took to the North Florida street-scene to offer Black voters exposure in their voter-drive efforts and share their political insights.

At a Juneteenth Melanin Market Street festival in Historic East Jacksonville, Rudy F. Jamison, Jr., Ed.D., withstood record temperature heat to promote his nonprofit organization, Leadership is for Everyone, Inc. (LIFE). The 501(c)(3) is a leadership development utility for community and academic advocates.

Jamison is a 55-year-old Black male and executive director of LIFE. He voted for a presidential candidate for the first time in 1988, and his choice was Bill Clinton.

“The greatest advantages the Black vote has is possibility,” Jamison said. “There are more than enough eligible, registered Black voters to truly make a difference in the political process throughout the city of Jacksonville, and the greatest challenges I have seen are voter apathy and misinformation…we have work to do.”

Dana Miller

Arthur Mealer

According to Jamison, LIFE’s non-partisan, voter advocacy work is centered around Get-Out-The-Vote (GOTV) and is doing everything in its power to encourage everyone to be more engaged in the political process.

Further, LIFE frequently facilitates leadership development workshops for a variety of organizations including community, corporate, non-profit, education and faith-based, along with programming, projects and events that help individuals and organizations navigate and negotiate their aspirations.

A prime example is Jacksonville-native Dana Miller, owner of The Man Cave barbershop which also offers conference space headquarters for LIFE, Inc. The 58-year-old entrepreneur is a felon who served 10 years in prison from 1991 to 2001. In 2012, his voter rights were restored.

“I wasn’t able to vote in 2008, but after that I started getting letters in the mail letting me know I could register to vote,” said Miller.

“We have to get out and vote. Trump can’t go back in office. He’s a convicted felon for one and the man is incompetent to be our president. Joe Biden’s age kind of bothers me in a sense, but I’m putting my faith in God, and I believe God will allow him to make it through another term with Vice President Kamala Harris back on the ticket with him.”

Conversely, Arthur Mealer remains virtually reticent regarding politics in general. ONYX spoke with the 23-year-old on Jacksonville’s Westside where he works security detail at Kingdom Plaza.

“I don’t really have a dog in the race,” said Mealer. “I believe voting matters, but I’ve never voted and just choose not to execute my right at this time.”

According to Pew Research, Black men have been a core of the Democratic Party's path to victory, with more than 80% of them identifying with the party for the last 25 years. Moreover, some of the Black voters most likely to support former President Donald Trump are those under the age of 50 like Mealer.

Amid inclement weather, Black men affiliated with New Era Detroit took to the streets on Detroit’s west side where they passed out pamphlets and spread a plaintive message: “People know that we really put in work,” the group’s leader, Zeek Williams told NBC News. “They see us out here in the community, we gotta be out here. We gotta be the ones to be out here to step with our people, make sure that we are, you know, putting on for the culture, as we like to say.”

Williams is founder of the community-based organization that connects residents in some of the city’s most disinvested neighborhoods with badly needed resources. The needs include public safety, housing support and youth and political education programs and more.

Public opinion polls find that larger numbers of Black men are up for grabs now than in past elections. President Joe Biden and former President Donald Trump are both making appeals to them. But there’s also a persistent sense among Williams and others in his orbit, in a battleground-state big city, that no one in the political world is really trying to build true relationships with Black people, especially Black men like those in New Era. Some are questioning not just whom to support for president but whether to vote at all.

One voice Black men have granted political trust is that of Sen. Raphael Warnock (D-GA) who is also a pastor at Atlanta’s Ebenezer Baptist Church. In a June interview with MSNBC, the senator said Black wealth is up 60% from pre-pandemic levels, and he touted the administration’s move to cancel student loan debt for 5 million people and praised the $16 billion invested in historically black colleges and universities.

“I know that there’s work to be done,” Warnock said. “People are still struggling after coming out of a once-in-a-century pandemic. The question is: Who’s going to stand up with Black America? Joe Biden has receipts. Donald Trump has enough problems of his own.”

ONYX MAGAZINE 47

E D U C AT I O N

HOME BASE

GET THE SUMMER CAMP EXPERIENCE AT HOME WITH THESE FUN-FILLED ACTIVITIES.

SUMMER CAMP IS WHEREVER YOU WANT IT TO BE THIS SUMMER!

MAKING A BIRD FEEDER Ready to meet all the birds in your neighborhood? This Muffin Box Bird Feeder will teach kids to reduce and reuse while having fun in nature.

Supplies: • Little Bites Muffin box • Markers • Construction paper • Assorted craft paint colors • Paintbrushes • Tape • Safety scissors • Hole puncher • Hot glue gun and sticks • Water • Twine or string • Bird seed Directions: Cut a Little Bites Muffin box four inches down the sides and near the bottom to create the base. Decorate using templates from the Camp Little Bites website. Then, trace and cut construction 48 ONYX MAGAZINE

paper, and use hot glue to attach the paper panels to the box. Decorate with paint, paper cutouts, etc., and punch a hole at the top of each side panel. Add your string and bird seed, and hang outside for the birds to enjoy!

SERVING UP S'MORES These Campmate S’mores Brownies bring a twist to the classic treat and are a sweet way to end a long day of camping fun.

Supplies: • Little Bites Fudge Brownies • Marshmallows • Chocolate squares • Graham crackers • Chocolate frosting • Butter knife (to spread) Directions: Spread frosting atop Little Bites Fudge Brownies. Then, place marshmallows on a baking sheet and have parents stick it in the oven at 450 degrees F for 3-4 minutes until toasty. Remove marshmallows from the oven and allow to cool for 2 minutes. Place a toasted marshmallow on top of the icing, and add a mini graham cracker and chocolate square. Enjoy!

Additionally, Little Bites Snacks is kicking off a summer full of fun camp-themed giveaways! From now through August 6, fans can enter daily for a chance to win a Grizzly-45 cooler, Robotics STEM Kits, a Roasty ‘n Toasty Solo Stove Bundle and a U.S. National Parks Pass! To enter, visit littlebites.com/ camp-little-bites-2024/you-could-win.

To learn more about the DIY crafts and to sign up for Camp Little Bites, visit littlebites.com/ camp-little-bites-2024.

The downtime of summer doesn’t have to be boring--with a few supplies, you can set up camp at home and get the adventure started!

DON’T TOSS THOSE OLD SNEAKERS. DO THIS INSTEAD

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hat if there was a way to reduce waste, create economic opportunities and improve global health?

Whether you have kids with rapidly growing feet, or you walk and run often, you likely go through lots of pairs of sneakers. Thanks to social enterprise Sneaker Impact, and its partners like Rack Room Shoes, now there is. Here’s how it works: Anyone can recycle their gently used sneakers at any Rack Room Shoes location by simply dropping them into the collection boxes found in each store. The sneakers are then shipped to Sneaker Impact’s headquarters in Miami, Florida, where they are sorted for distribution.

• International Distribution: Usable sneakers are shipped to small businesses in developing countries. Local merchants revive and resell the sneakers, providing affordable footwear to children and adults in those communities.

This initiative empowers local businesses and promotes sustainability by keeping sneakers out of landfills.

• Shoe Recycling: Sneakers that are not suitable for international distribution are delivered to a recycling facility in Florida. There, they are converted into energy that benefits Broward County and surrounding areas. Moreover, Sneaker Impact has been working on finding an alternative, circular economy solution for all footwear deemed end of life.

Since its inception, Rack Room Shoes has collected an average of nearly 600 pairs of usable sneakers each month. The retailer aims to raise awareness about the program and increase sneaker collections to create a lasting social and environmental impact.

Sneaker Impact donates $1,000 per month to Shoes That Fit, a national nonprofit organization that provides shoes to students in need in an effort to help them focus on their studies.

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or families looking to provide a perfect setting for children to learn, play and grow, Little Bites Snacks has created the Camp Little Bites virtual summer camp series, dishing up activities that inspire adventure, independence and give parents a little more free time to themselves! Erica Domesek, the founder of P.S. I Made This, has been tapped as “Head Counselor” to bring her DIY passion and expertise to Camp Little Bites, leading campers through a summer filled with fun and creativity.

“With the help of Little Bites Snacks, we’re here to make this the best summer ever, giving parents and kids ideas for activities and little moments that create joy,” says Domesek, the creative force behind this year’s camp activities:

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RH SP E CE T HEP A EL T /W L ILVNEE S S

Don’t Call It Baby Fat

W

ith U.S. health officials calling childhood obesity a public health crisis, conversations about weight are important. And as we head into the holiday season, now is the perfect time to begin those conversations.

But what you say to your kids can be challenging, and even counterproductive, a new study found. So, what is the best way to start the conversation?

"Body weight is a sensitive issue and the way we talk about it matters," according to lead author Rebecca Puhl, deputy director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Health.

"We really want to identify language that adolescents feel more comfortable using in these conversations, that they don't feel stigmatized, that they don't feel blamed or shamed," Puhl notes.

To do that, researchers reviewed 2021 survey data from more than 2,000 kids ages 10 to 17, along with more than 1,900 parents. Participants were asked about 27 terms and phrases that can be used to describe body weight.

The teens felt the most negative emotions about terms like "overweight," "fat" and "extremely obese," the study found. More than one-third of youths reported feeling embarrassment, shame and sadness when their parents used these words.

WHAT IS THE BEST TERMINOLOGY? Have a daughter? Tread lightly, the researchers recommended. Girls reported feeling more negative emotions in response to words used about weight than boys did.

Whether the young person had childhood obesity or not did not impact how they felt about the words.

"I think a lot of parents have positive intentions when it comes to talking about their child's weight. They want their child to be healthy. They want their adolescent to feel good about their body size, but sometimes the way that they 50 ONYX MAGAZINE

communicate can come across as being critical or judgmental or using words that really make them feel bad about themselves," Puhl shares.

If you're not sure where to start, the study shows that there are some terms that children may find more favorable.

The most preferred terms were "healthy weight" and "normal weight," the study found.

Some of the preferred terminology depended on race and identity. Black and Hispanic kids favored words like "thick" and "curvy."

"A lot of adolescents face weight stigma," Puhl adds. "They face teasing, stereotypes, victimization because of their body weight or size. And, in fact, some of that weight stigma happens in the home from parents."

This can lead to emotional distress, increased depressive symptoms and lower body esteem. It can even encourage unhealthy eating behaviors and reduced physical activity because those are the settings where someone might feel stigmatized, Puhl notes.

"We know broadly from the stigma literature that when a person is stigmatized about their weight that this really can be very damaging to health," she says.

At least half of the kids surveyed don't want their parents talking about weight. They're more willing to talk when they bring it up first or if their parents ask their permission to discuss it, Puhl says.

About 20% of U.S. children and teens are obese, according to the U.S. Centers for Dis-

ease Control and Prevention.

This puts them at risk of serious health problems like diabetes and high blood pressure.

Lead by example Puhl recommends parents shift the conversation to health rather than to body weight.

Even better than talking is modeling healthy behaviors and providing opportunities to eat healthy food at home. Go for walks and make dinner together as a family, she suggests.

"There can be so many ways to really engage in health behaviors that really improve weight-related health without talking about weight," Puhl says.

Dr. Stephen Pont, founding chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Obesity, says he encourages families to do three things to be successful when making healthy changes.

First, make small changes that will stick, which might include letting the child pick the change.

Then, make changes as a family, which are more likely to be maintained. Healthy nutrition and physical activity are good for everyone in the family, according to Pont.

Lastly, it's important to keep it positive.

"Guilt and blame don't tend to motivate longterm healthy changes, instead they just make people feel bad. And when people feel bad, they are often more likely to be less active and to eat less healthy food," says Pont, who is medical director at the Texas Department of State Health Services Center for Public Health Policy and Practice.

Eileen Chaves, a pediatric psychologist at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, says she thinks that using the words that patients use to define themselves helps them feel empowered, invested in their treatment and understood.

"When kids start to recognize that people are actually hearing them and listening to them, I think, one, it makes them so much more receptive to what you're saying," says Chaves, co-author of an editorial published with the study.

BlackDoctor.org

WORDS CAN WOUND: TIPS FOR TALKING TO KIDS ABOUT OBESITY

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M E D I C A L LY S P E A K I N G

UNASHAMED OUR MENTAL HEALTH IS VITAL TO OUR OVERALL WELL-BEING. THAT’S WHY WE TAKE A WHOLE MONTH TO TALK ABOUT IT.

I

n 2008, July was designated as the Bebe Moore Campbell National Minority Mental Health Awareness Month by the U.S. House of Representatives. There have been recent attempts to change the month’s name, but at NAMI, we continue to recognize the importance of honoring Bebe Moore Campbell. Her trailblazing work in helping to shift the mental health culture and break down systemic barriers in underserved communities should be recognized forever.

Mental health affects us all and everyone should have Author Bebe Moore Campbell the right to be heard and healed without shame or judgment. Bebe Moore Campbell was committed to creating safe spaces for people in communities of color to connect with others who share similar experiences and cultural backgrounds. These safe spaces served as a gateway to vital mental health resources and support networks.

This July—and beyond—we’re not only honoring Bebe Moore Campbell’s legacy, but continuing it by empowering, uplifting and elevating historically underrepresented communities in their mental health journeys, while eradicating stigma and elevating communities.

Help us honor Bebe Moore Campbell. Join us during Minority Mental Health Month and use your voice and share your story as we fearlessly reshape mental health conversations and eliminate the systemic barriers that impact communities of color. Together, let us forge a path of lasting change and empowerment.

National Alliance on Mental Health 52 ONYX MAGAZINE

I

n 2020, fewer than one in every two African American adults got care for mental health.

Obstacles for many include a lack of health insurance, less access to treatment, and stigma.

Mental illness can affect women of all races and ethnicities. Show your support this month and beyond by learning more about mental health.

You can also use and share the resources below to help spread awareness about mental health in your communities and families. The U.S. Health & Food Administration sheds some light on this important issue.

WHAT IS MENTAL HEALTH? Mental health includes emotional, mental, and social well-being. Mental health impacts how a person thinks and feels. It also affects how you act, manage stress, and make choices. When you take care of your mental health, you are better able to cope with stress or challenges.

Sometimes it can be hard to manage your mental health. If you have noticed a change in thoughts, behaviors, or moods that disrupts your life, talk to

your health care provider. You can also contact a mental health specialist or a trusted loved one for help if you have noticed these changes in yourself or in a loved one.

WHAT CAUSES MENTAL ILLNESS? There is no single cause for mental illness. Multiple mental illnesses can occur at the same time and at random. They can also last for a short or long period of time.

Your mental health can change at any point.

Some risk factors that can play a role in developing mental illness include: • Use of alcohol or drugs • Feeling lonely or isolated • Biological factors or chemical imbalances in the brain • Adverse childhood experiences, like child abuse or sexual assault • Experiences tied to ongoing medical conditions, like cancer or diabetes • Symptoms of a Mental Illness • Most of the same mental illnesses can develop in both men and women. However, women may have more distinct symptoms.

Some common symptoms can include: • Pulling away from people and usual activities • Appetite or weight changes • Ongoing sadness or feelings of hopelessness • Intense changes in eating or sleeping habits • Clear changes in mood, energy level, or appetite

MANAGING YOUR MENTAL HEALTH Many parts of daily life can impact your mood and mental health. They can include stress, your physical health, or the regular demands of life. But you can improve your quality of life when you take charge of your mental health.

Here are a few ways to manage your mental health overall: • Get enough sleep each night (at least 7 hours) • Engage in healthy habits, like exercising and eating well • Stick to a treatment plan given by your health care provider • Find a support group and seek out your health care provider for support Today, good mental health is achievable thanks to many forms of support. Share the resources in this blog to spread awareness of the importance of good mental health and to help ensure that everyone has equal access to the mental health resources they need. You can also use the blog as a source to find tools to help you manage your mental health.

Together, we can all do our part to support better mental health for ourselves and others.

MENTAL HEALTH AND ADOLESCENCE WHY IS CHILDREN’S MENTAL HEALTH IMPORTANT? Mental health is an important part of overall health for children as well as adults. For many adults who have mental disorders, symptoms were present—but often not recognized or addressed—in childhood and adolescence. For a young person with symptoms of a mental disorder, the earlier treatment is started, the more effective it can be. Early treatment can help prevent more severe, lasting problems as a child grows up.

WHAT ARE WARNING SIGNS OF MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS IN CHILDREN? It can be tough to tell if troubling behavior in a child is just part of growing up or a problem that should be discussed with a health professional. But if there are behavioral signs and symptoms that last weeks or months, and if these issues interfere with the child’s daily life at home and at school, or with friends, you should contact a health professional.

Younger children may benefit from an evaluation and treatment if they: • Have frequent tantrums or are intensely irritable much of the time • Often seem fearful or worried • Complain about frequent stomachaches or headaches with no known medical cause • Are in constant motion and cannot sit quietly (except when they are watching videos or playing video games) • Sleep too much or too little, have frequent nightmares,

or seem sleepy during the day • Are not interested in playing with other children or have difficulty making friends • Struggle academically or have experienced a recent decline in grades • Repeat actions or check things many times (for example, repeatedly checking that a door is locked) out of fear that something bad may happen Older children and adolescents may benefit from an evaluation if they: • Have lost interest in things that they used to enjoy • Have low energy • Sleep too much or too little, or seem sleepy throughout the day • Have periods of highly elevated energy and activity and require much less sleep than usual • Spend more and more time alone, and avoid social activities with friends or family • Diet or exercise excessively, or fear gaining weight • Engage in self-harm behaviors (such as cutting or burning their skin) • Smoke, drink alcohol, or use drugs • Engage in risky or destructive behavior alone or with friends

• Have thoughts of suicide • Say that they think someone is trying to control their mind or that they hear things that other people cannot hear Mental illnesses can be treated. If you are a child or teen, talk to your parents, school counselor, or health care provider. If you are a parent and need help starting a conversation with your child or teen about mental health, find resources for families from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

If you are unsure where to go for help, ask your pediatrician or family doctor or visit NIMH’s Help for Mental Illnesses webpage.

It may be helpful for children and teens to save several emergency numbers to their cell phones. The ability to get immediate help for themselves or for a friend can make a difference.

• The phone number for a trusted friend or relative • The non-emergency number for the local police department • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: 988 If you, your child, or someone you know needs immediate help, call or text the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988.

FOOD & WINE

on i at s n e S Fruity

J

ust in time for summer: the ultimate fruit punch that will wow the whole family!

Meet the Fruity Sensation, an this easy, refreshingly sweet concoction! Perfect for summer backyard barbecues to intimate get-togethers, this punch is not only delicious but also fun to make—you could even get the kids to help. Packed with a mix of your favorite fruits and a fizzy ginger ale, this beverage will have your guests lined up for more.

54 ONYX MAGAZINE

WHAT YOU’LL NEED • • • • • •

4 cups cranberry juice 1½ cups pineapple or pineapple coconut juice 1½ cups orange juice 1/4 cup lime juice 3 cups ginger ale chilled Sliced fruit for serving

INSTRUCTIONS Stir together the cranberry juice, pineapple juice, orange juice, and lime juice in a large pitcher. Chill until you are ready to serve, at least 4 hours if not overnight. Add sliced fruit and ginger ale just before serving. To punch it up, add some rum or vodka to taste — after the kids go to bed, of course!

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