Linden High School Dropout Study, 1956 by Our Linden

A STUDY OF STUDFNT DROPOU'IS FROMLI NDEN

McKINLEY JUNIOR-SENIORHI GHSCH OOL, COLUMBUS , OHIO , 1954- 1956

A 'lhes is

Pre se nted in Par ti a l Ful f illment of t he Requirem ents fo r th e Degr ee Mast er of Arts

By PAUL JOHN MASYS, B.

So .

!he Ohi o St ate Universit y

1956

Approved by1

ollege

viser of Education

ACKNOWLEDGME.NT

'!he writer his adviser, sympathetic invaluable

feels

deeply indebted

to Dr. John Corbelly , Jr .,

under l'Vhose guidence this study has been made. His interest,

criticisms,

help in preparing

this

and kind suggestions

were an

thesis .

Sincere acknowledgement is made of the valuable assistance of the Linden McKinley Junior and teaching

staffs

and Senior High School administrative

who were very cooperative

in ni.aking this study

possible. The willing leavers

and enthusiastic

cooperation

who responded to the interviews

of the early school

end questionnaires

deeply appreciated . An

expres sion of approci~tion

Jane uasys,

is especially

due to

who through her enooura ,,ement and help,

to the success

of this

venture .

wife ,

paved the way

TABLE OF C N NTS CHAP'.IER

PAGE INTRODUC 'I'ION • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Need for the Study •••• _, ti ta tem n t of the ro bl em. Definitions of Terms Used ,,,-,M thod of tho Study • • • Limitations of t he Study .

• • • • • • • • in Study • • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • •

4 5 5

• •

• • • • •

S CIAL AND FA ILY BACKGROJND O:F'THE DH.OPOUTS. • •

BirthplAc es of the vr op Outs.

• • • • • • • • • R siden t Status . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .Marital Sta ills of Paren t s •. • • • • • • • • • • Occu

tion

of Parents

• • ·• • • • • • • • • • •

Educat i on 1 Backgro und of Par ents ••••••• Educational Bckgr ound of Ol der Broth er s

III

14 !2. 12

nd Sisters • • • •. • • • • • • • • • • • • • . F-arly School Leaving of Olde r Si blings ••••• ,, ~ummary • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

AN .ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF M DATA OBTAINED i7R'"' SCHOO Rl4COR11S CONCERNING THJi DRnP OU'IS , 0 , RE S LEC D FOR THE PUR OSES OiTTi IS S'I',JDY • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Introduction ./

. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Comparison of Age and Grade Distribution . • • Attendanc Record • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Mental Ability

of Drop Outs ••••••

• •••

Comparison of ntal Ability of H gular ttuden ts and Drop Outs • • • • • • • • • • • • Grade and bject Lsilur •••• •• •••• •

Erequ ncy of ubj cts Failed •• • • • • • ••• Total Fa~lures Per Drop Out ••••• • •••• A Comparison of Courses of Study .roll ed by the Crop Outs and vtudents Still i n School • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •· Ext r a- Curricu l ar Act iviti s ••• • •••••• Extra - Curricular Par ticio~tion . • • • • •••• .'.:>\L'TII!l8TY • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • i ii

27 28

30 34 36 37 39

41 42 L5 46 48

TA LE OF CONTh'NT(Scontinued)

CHA PTER IV

PAGE THE DROPOU'IS' 0 N STORY • • • • • • • • • • • • •

'lbc Interview • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Reasons for Leaving School. • • • • • • • • • •

E;mployment ~inoe Leaving School

• • • • • • • •

Marital Status of the Drop Outs . • • • • • • • '!he ~c ope of Couns eling

of the Drop Outs.

• • •

!he l!.ffect of Counseling the Drop Out . • • • • '!he Drop Outs ftttitnde After Leaving School. •

54 56

57 00

Summary-• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

61 63

A COllPOSI'lE ST Dl OF TYPICALDROP OUT S'IUDENTS• •

A Typical Boy Drop Out. • • • • • • • • • • • • A Typical Girl Drop Out . • • • • • • • • • • •

65 68

CONCLUSIONtiAN fil~COM:.fi!:NDA'I' IONS. • • • • • • • • •

ConclJ.sions • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

70 72

BI BLI OGRA:HY • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

APPENDIX• •

Rocommendations

••••••••

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Studen t Drop Out Interview

School

Ex1 t Interview

Questionnaire

Report

• • •

F'orm. • • • • • •

LI ST OF TAI3LI< .S '.li\BLE

PAGE

Bir thplac es of For t .,- Sevcn Students

Up The Interview II

Resident

Status

\'iho .1~de

~mple of This Study • • • • •

of Forty-Seven

lJrop-Outs

at the

Time of Leaving Linden McKinley Junior-Senior High School • • •

III

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

Marital &tat.us of the Parents Seven Students

• •

of the f orty-

Intervi~wed

Occupatio ns of fathers

in This Study ••

of Forty-Seven

Interview

Vho Made Up the

• •

Sample of '.Ibis

of Mothers of F·orty-Seven

Occupations

at Linden

Drop-Outs 19

Study • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Education

of this

High School.

of Fathe rs of Fort~ - Seven Students

of th

Study

v. S8mple of This

Mothers of r orcy-Seven

stu c en ts \1ho llad

VIII

•

Education

cKinley Junior - ~enior

V'tbo Made Up the Intervie

VII

Students

Sm dy • • • • • • • • • . • . • ~ • • . • . • •

lJp tho Int rview Sample

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Number of Older Brot hers of the Students In

'Ibis Study

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • V

(continued) LIST OF TABLES PAGE

TA.dI.E.

In This

of tho Students

Number of Older Sisters

Study • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • X

The h.arly oohool Leavin Older Siblings

Record of Sixty- Four

of th e ,..roo- Outs Intervi€wec!

For the Pur poses of T,1is Study ••••

'Iha

• •

of the Forty-Seven Students

Interviewed for 'l'his Study •••••••• Hin t h to Twelfth

Report,

XIII

•

• • •

ge arrl Grade M.stribut ion et Time of

Withdrawal

XII

,~ra de Age-Gr ade 'Ji st ribution

ges as of September 1,

1955•••••

The Att endance Record of the For-cy- Seven Studen ts Se lected

As a Sample for

the Purposes

Thi s Sw.dy, Septon.her, 1954 to March, 1956. • XIV

'Ih

Intelligence

Sample for This The Intelli.Pencc

tribution

and GrPde Dist ribution

Quotient

of Forty- Six Students

Interviewed

as a

Study • • • • • • • • • •

Q..iotient

• •

and Grade Dis-

of 249 Tenth Grade vtudents Remain-

in g in 'Jchool at Linden

Kinley Junior

Senior High ~chool • • • • • • • •

• • • • •

LI .>T OF TABLES ( oontinu

TABLE XVI

PAO

Specific

Failed

Subjects

of Failure

and the Grade Level

of Forty -Seve n Drop-0uts

IntE'lrviewed in This Stucy ••••••

XVII

•

• • • • •

• • •

Frequency of ~enior High School Subjects Failed , and tho Percentage

of Fai lut'e

Among the Forty -Seven Students Used as ..:ample 1n 'lhis

XVIII

Total Failures

Study

• • •

• •

for Each of th~ Forty - S~ven

Drop-Ou ts Used as a Sample in This Study . •

XIX

Type of Courses Taken by lo rty-Seven DropOuts Intervier.ed

•

Type of Courses St·.1dents

• •

• • • • • • • • • • • • • •

in 'Ibis Study •••••

Token by 249 Tenth Grade

: ..roll~d

in Linden McKinley Senior

High School During the Second Semester of 1956 • • •••

XXI

A Compffriaon of Cours s of Study C:hosen b:,, t.h Drop-Ou ts in 'l'his Study and tho 'IEnth

Graders How in At1,endance at L1nden Mc.Kinley ~enior llII

Participation

High School

• • • • • • • • •

in Ext r a Curricular

Activ ities

of the For t y- Seven !:>tudent s Inte rvi ewed

i n This Stud y • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • vii

LIST OF' TA?LE:S ( eon tinued) PAGE

XXIII

App8rent Reasons for Early School Leaving as Given in Personal Intervie~s

the

Fort ~- Seven St udents Chosen as a Sample in This Study • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • XXIV

Present Employment Status

52 /

of the ri'hirty

Boys Included in the Sample in 'lhis Study, March, 1956• ••

• • ••••

• • • • •

Present Employment of the Sevente~n Girls Included

XXVI

J.!arital Girls

in the

• •

• • • • • • • • • • • •

Sample in 'lhis Study •••

t>tatus of the Forty-Seven Boys and Interviewed

for

This -.,tudy • • • • •

viii

the ~rp oses of

CHAPTER I INTROLiJC TION

!2ÂŁ ~

Studz

In or der to prep~re yrung people to faoe the problems of g ui ding t he destiny

of civilization,

one must not only attempt

the provisi on of the best possible schools,

but mst

also

educational

education,

suited

to ap?reciate

pro gram in the publ ic

see tha t young people obtain

public schoo l edu cawion avail~ble .

of a high school

enable the fu ture citizen

tha world in which he lives,

fully with the increasing

the maximum

'!he possession

to his needs, will

to insure

and to cope more success -

complexit y of daily

life

However, the number of school-a ge chi l dren who are not in throughout

school

the United

States

is sta ggering .

'Ihe stati stics indicate a total of 3, 336,000 Ci-'ildren 5 to 7 years of a rre not in school: 1,2 89, 000 of kindergarten age; 322,000 of elementary school age; 349,000 normally in the f irst t110 ye;:irs of h igh sc h ool; and l,h00,000 nor mally in the last two yeArs of high school. Of thes ~, the only two large groups not in school are the five year ol ds, fo r whom insuffiare aveilab le , and the cient kindergarten fAcilities 16 and 17 ;,ear ol ds who would normally be in the lsst two years of high sohool . 1 The f act America

s high

that

in 1950 nearly

schools prematurely

better

two million is difficult

young people

left

to reconcile

1 u. s. Office of Education, " Statistics of State School Systems , n Bie nnial Survey ~ F.iducetion in the U. S. Government Printi ng Office, Vwashington, D. C., 19~ Pâ&#x20AC;˘ 1~ . 1

with America's

in the value of secondary education.

lief

pro f essed

ducation

from the Nationa l

AocordinE to figures

"in 1955 up to 50 per cent of the school

Association,

from th e fifth

children

grade up to the twelfth grade dropped out of school before gradu2 something must be done to influence young i'herefore, ation . "

people to become aware of the real high school

their

education

out of school

u. s.

of the

the lifeti~e

lists

to entering

prior

at verious

earnings

and completing

hi ghly competitive

Dr. George Crane, writing

and dem nding society. Citizen,

value of obtaining

in~

Col umbus

of Americans who had dropped

as computed by Dr . Paul C. Glick

years,

Census Bureau as fol lo ws1 Education

Ear nings

Fourth Grade Eigh th Grade 'fwelf th Grade

$72,000 16,0 00 {,'.l.. 165,000

Part Colle ge College Graduate

t 268,000

According to these fi gures, school is adding approximat...ely those anticipated

Cl 9o,ooo J

who completes high

th B student

49,000 to his lif

time oarnin

over

u.dent who leav es schoo l at the end of the St by a

year .

eighth

Vetz, Kay, "Educations

ce . Mi ssf'd tegione ," Commer

(May,

1955). 13-75• 3

orge. "'Ihe orry , Crane, Dr. Ge 19 56 • Section 11, P• 1, March 15'

Clinic

" The Columbus Ci ti • en, -

3 ttA democracy u n til

11 of its

who graduate

cannot

ch j ldre n enter

from high

th rit t h

less

Most of tro

h i gh school, approaches

'!be ironical

pa rt

competent

drop outs

immediately to the lot

almost their

insufficient

education

There is reason to reduce

the 9resent

control

Certain

the labor

tasks ,

out of school . market destined

laborer,

due to

hmrnver,

that

something

and eventually taken

action

can be done

bring it under against

to the hopes and ideals

threat

can point wit h pride to some rather

In an attempt

statistics.

to the d ro

of Indiannpolis

system.

school

a trend

held

in America.

Indianapolis

contributed

and trPining

have already

that has become a definite

for youngsters

is at meeting

way into

drop out rate,

cities

one hundred per cent of

of the unsk illed

to believe,

system

the number

and until

to meet adul t nroblems

their

find

education

of the problem li es in the

a student

he is forced

the more quickly

w1 th 1 ts publi,..

school

t hose who enter . 11 fact

bo content

oi\lt

to discover rate

in their

~.,orefully scrutinize. u,

TeacPers,

stu dents,

any fact.or

schools,

promising

th r t may have

educ tors

d every phase of their

c11rricule,

ond records

educational

were eXRmined,

possible . The res ults made wher ver ments wereâ&#x20AC;˘ adjust and lopic~ 1 to Herman L. Shibler, f ing for acoordin ti of this work are gra : ' Leavers A ~ aj or ~.duo11 t i onal J ERrlv Schoo 1 --=--' 19!0 n Harold â&#x20AC;˘, ~l ild Labor Committee, â&#x20AC;˘ Nntional 1 Ne 'Yorke

4 Di llo Problem .

cent ,

indi cRte that

Reoen t surveys

cent , "

'I'hese changes

to reduce

55 per

in 1946 was

"the drop out rate

the rate

cent;

1953 it was h2 per

may drop

t o about

39 p r

came ab out as a res'11.t of oonc ent rated

of student

drop

ef fort

outs.

Staterte r t ~ t he Problem

The concern spread

to the

over

the drop out problem in high s11hools has

Columbus Public

Schools,

where a five

ye,ir study

the problem is in process . This s illdy was conducted pic t ure of the drop f cts

Pertinent from linden

to wi thdraw

a caref ul scrutiny

Hi gh Schoo l d11ring the period

dir e cted

cer ni ng the drop out nroblem

It is hoped that

r ecommendntions

will

help

and examined in an

or influenced

from school

before

of the 1nforrr.Ation

st11dy , co ta in conc lu sions

c ourse of this

Columbus High School.

1954 to Marc h 1956, Y1ere collected

out in his de c ision After

com;,J lete

concern ing a repres en tat ive gro up , who with.d rew

to disco ver wh t factOl"s

formulated

of one t ypical

out problem

J.:cKin_.ey Junior-Senior

from September effort

in or der to get a fairly

ttie drop

gra dl.lcltion. collected

in the

and r ecommer dAtiona

con-

at Linden McKinle y High Sch o~l were

the adoption

of so me of these

to keep more boys and r,irls

in schoo l until

gr adui tion.

tihibler

Herman L.,

National iduoation po . 25-26.

".Attacking the Drop Out Proble.n," AssociAtion Journal, Vol . 44, No. 1 (JBn.

1955)

~ 'ferms Used

Definitions

Due to th , fact school before

Study

in~

tha t terms used to describe

graduAtion

hav

often

been used intercha

nth

occasional

will

apply to the ter ms used in this

as a student

ferred

diff ~rences

who left

to anothcr

was not eliminated not intend

before

outside

another

or mental

is defined

who was not trans-

Linden McKinley's

school.

definitions

A drop

graduating,

due to physical

to re-enter

study.

who leave

i1geably,

in mfPni ng , the following

school

students

district,

re 2sons,

An early

who

and who did

school

leaver

defined in the ee me manner as a drop out. V.ethod ~ the

Rat e. for This Study .

Drop~ Junior

~ tudy

Senior

High School,

2,254 stlldents. drop out rete, semester

In order

In March, 1956, Linden McKinley

Columbus, Ohio, had an enrollment to ob-:,ain the actual

it was nece ssary to obtain

from January,

1954,

of 2,048

2, 280 in January, ment for th students .

school

in June,1954;

this

The number of Senior

out rate amounted to 11 High School

and Senior High ~chool had an 2,2 68 in deptr-mber,

six

enrollment.

n,:ir r- Âˇ

se rr,ester

period

Consequently,

nt of the totsl

1955;

'Ihe average enrollamounted

High drop outs during

of time amounted. to 247 students .

The school rPcords

1956; ar.d 2,254 in March, 1956. during

High School

the enrollments

to March, J.956.

sho ed that Linden .M cKinle-<J Junior enrollment

Senior

this

to 2,235

oeriod

the Senior High drop

Junior

and Senior

6 However, Linden McKinley Junior of 1,008 s tudents clusion

for this

of these students

School enrollment,

in this parents,

from the total

24.5 per

of~

â&#x20AC;˘

were to

Ther

general

and personal

and the drop outs themselvesJ

information

Junior

and upon exnd Senior High

for the Senior Hi gh

cent of the Senior High School enrollment.

school records

study,

of six semesters

the averape drop out rate

School amounts to Sources

period

High School had an enrollment

sources

of data used

contacts with orincipa ls,

Portions

of the recorded

were found in the ...,chool Exit Interviev1 Form, which the

Columbus Board of Education is ,ow using to gather data towar.ds a five - year study uchools.

of the drop out problem in the Columbus Public

This study

be completed in

1s now in i t s third

year of activity,

1957. It is hoped that t his

s'bldy of one typicPl

Junior Senior High ~chool may add some worthwhile inform2tion overall

study

in Columbus.

drop outs was obtained These files

in use a little

to the

Other r ecorded informat ion regarding

from the Permanent Record files

are relfltively

should

and

the

of the school .

new in the Columbus schools, having been

more than six yeRrs.

In or der to sup ,1 ment the above informntion,

Personal

for the purpose of obtRining in f orm~tion Form was devised e (~ea Ap endix I) . AdditionRl informfrom the drop outs themse 1ve~. obtained from a for m which th j s a tion concernin g drop OUts wss It was filled writer gave to all HomeRoom tePchers in th school. ,._,t the information received in this manner proved out. and re t urne d , Ut.A â&#x20AC;˘ Interview

7 to be of little

value,

except

employed ,!!! procurinEZ" ~

llethods

Records , it was found gra duates , .ore kept were annotated the

student

that

student

ways:

(1)

one of the

years

including

of the drop outs ~ , meaning tb::?t

employmentJ (2)

DID N0T

- -

to school and tho

MAn ., meaning

(3)

OVERAGf, meaning that the

the maximum compulsory Bttendance

Law, {eighteen

the Cumulative

leavers,

The records

s had no knowledge of hiswhereaboutsJ

to drop out;

of age),

age reqâ&#x20AC;˘lired

and had vol untarily

(5) SFRVI~E , meani ng that the

student

chosen

had enl isted i n

rmed ~ervices .

A 11st was compiled

drop out cate gories .

of names taken from each of these sever al

A tentative

velo?ed

and .ised in several

Jntervie

Form was ~odificd

CASes, and the actual

in person wherever cculd

school

had not returned

had n--.arried; ( 4)

records.

In checking

had a \'o rk Permit and had obtidned

st-1dent had reached

test

of all

in one of the following

th at the student

by Ohio

records

in the same file.

fil_!. , meaning that th authoriti

as a check on tho school

poa3iblo,

not be arranged .

Personal

test

interviev,s

Interviev, .

wher vor foasibl interviews or

b gan .

Yorm was de-

This ten ui tl ve

in the light

Interviews

Y t 8 1 8 Phone if n p,rsonnl

of the

ere made interview

An r.ttempt was made to obtain unbiased

answers from the drop out himse lf 'r

th c.r t:,han anffers

reflecting

of his or her parents . lherever possible, the inter surroundin s, rather than in ~1a presence views were made in privete

the thinking

of the entire

family .

to discuss

bit r eluctant

approo~hed , tho dro~ outs seemed

¼hen first

circ Ltmstanc es and prob l ems.

t eir personal

Some s•1rpri s e to

r.e evidenc d th t soreaono conn ec ted with the school continued in them; hovever , the majority

b intorested

interview

became

b cax:ie qui te coopera tive ~

, hen -tPe

p arent.

when the reasons

behind

drop outs realiz

d that

tho infor mati on w~ich they gave might from laRving

possibly help keep oth r students

and frP.nk l y •

freely

they spoke quite

.Problems encounter

this

ed for

were intervie

there

It ,vas found thnt

study .

a sample of

are 'IT'.Bny

there were

First,

The

from the inadequac ;> of th e sc }',ool re c ords .

pro blems arising addresses

Of the 247 drop outs

g dat a .

of t hi s scope and nature .

in a study

obstacles

E:!obtainin

from the schoo l files,

obtained

mes wer

whose

prern~turely,

school

numbers of many of the former

and telephone

sin c e cha .iged , or had never

been entGred

Students

ho hr.d been out of achonl

dif fic ult

to trace

school records .

on their

year were very

for moro t han~ of residenc

to changes

•

had

s tudents

ny of the

S -cond ,

n:ale dro p outs h d bee n indnc t d or enlis t d in the Arr.. d ~er vices, makinr

to contnr.t

imoossi bl

of the fem,qle drop outs residences

elsewhere .

responsive

youth

find tice

to gr"'nt

to gi ve infor

had IMrried

Third,

ho werP. no

tion

th m fnr interviews

an int.<~rvi oonc ~rning

number of drop outs were listed

the

and had estab lish

'l'he me.~ority d th eir

un-

was some diffi culty l'ii t

employ r:d and coul d not , or ,.ould

, or v;ho lfruld themse lves .

not res .ond Fourth,

on t he CUmula tive

not,

hen asked

a oonsider~ ble Records

as~

£!2.!

RFT., which meant that

2ÂŁ.~

The size factors

reasons

of their

~tudy.

rather

was limited

~till

behind the students'

early

ansv.ers

in terms

than answers

limita-

of discovering leaving.

school

by the

another

in the study was the di i:ficulty

the

Young

for more tha .1 a year seemed to

people who had been out of school give their

and

whereabouts.

in the f oregoing paragraph.

listed

to school,

had not r e turned

of the sample group in the study

tion encountered reol

student

11..o;id no knowledge

the authorities

Limitations

of wmt has t aken place

as they were given

since

Vtithdrawal,

on the sc hool records

at the

time of 1d thdrawa.l. At times,

answers

The "te~cher

and "student"

for the drop-out

hat he thought hvery attempt

representation

was th

\,ith

chapters

desired

Jlowever , there

impartial th will

based on these

representation

findings

during

t.he course

times when h

of the drop onts, is unlikely

taken

tha f indings .

in some of

to give an impartial

received

by the attitude

indicate

kno~. 11

was r ef lected

were undoubtedly

above limitations

ignored

response .

was made by the writer

persona J.y affected

were simply

seeme d to gi ve his answers in terms

of the information

interviews.

completely

attitude

seemed to

or lihich

or by the answer , ' 1I don't

of the shoulders,

the interviews,

some thought

spot vdth the ex-students

touch a sensitive a shrug

which required

into

as that

in overy caae .

considorntir.n,

of the study

of the

fol lowing

a.1d the conclusions

CHAPThRII OF· TI-IEDROPOUTS F.AUILY BA'JKGROTlNr

~rtCIAL A~

muni ty '!he Co'Tl

at 1320 Duxberry Avenue, Ohio.

and Senior High Sch ool is loc Rted

The Lind en McKinle y Junior

ope r ~tes as a pµrt of the six-three-three

The school

pl n, and operates

organiz, tional

3, 7, 8 9, 14,

Tracts numbers

The outside

acres of land.

and

15,

boundaries

of United States

covering

'The

Census

approxiw3tely

4,004

of th ese census tr~cts

are

the same as Linden J(cKinley' s sc hool attendance

aporoximately

to •·,he Sharon and Cli nton

The nor th ern boundary extends

boundaries . lov nship

gr des seven through t~elve .

by the sc nool is comprised

erea serviced

p~rt of Columbus,

in the north e~stern

l ine,

Township line,

the east

boundary is on the Clinton

and llifflin and Corwin

the south boundary is along Eleventh

Avenues, and the west boundc1ry roes north lllont

Cl~ra, Hiawt:itha,

end Azelda Streets . ::,ortion

The lergest

of Linden 's residents

employed as factory

workers , cra f t sman, clericAl,

fes3ional

Toey are an intensivel

workers.

are gainfully

and se~i -pro-

J proud,

hArd mrkin~

gro up of people , who take great pride in owning their 'lhe home owners are Rl l white an d are through active popu l a tion

particip~tion

in civic

O'\\'Tl homes.

ver-.1 community conscious J

orga i izations.

~nt in t hi s part is a 1mos t no n - exist ~· 10

'I'he non-white

of Columbus.

Out of

60 non-, hit

gen, r11l l y cooie from trAnsj ent

stu dents

Toes

stud nts.

of the schof')l attendAnce

s w o 11.ve on t e out r fringes

famili

only

there

students,

pop11latio n of oom 2,300

school

total

area . in the Linden community, which is essentiAlly

'lb population ~

community, has act~ally

reside~tial

doubled since 19u0, due to

the tr emendous housing devel o~mcnts which have pro,m up in wh~t was formerly farm lPnd .

In the heert

and other

shop, cloth ing , furniture, ppper has its of Linden,

offices

schools

elerentary

h~ve beon built

beauty

news-

bound~ry

center

shopping industries

in the

iron works, and a cement

industr iAl plPnt known os 'Ihe Columbus

is one lcrge

Aut0 Parts Co., which manufactur Four ne

A comunity

doll8r

ornamental

area, suc h as machine shops, ~nd there

There are some small

Lights .

c emtr~l

n the ~orthern

there is a new multi-million

known as Northern

plant,

stores

district.

in this

of P.rocery, dru~, eopli~ncc,

which consists

bu.sin ss district

there

of Linden,

s small

parts

for automobiles.

and two new junior

hig h sc hools

in the area in the past five yenrs .

addi ti 0 ns have been add.ed to Linden

cKinley

Two lar e ~lant

,Tunior end Senior High

School . lirthplaces lbcre a fe ling

of~~

___1:! th Bt some dro9 outs oc~ur becF1use of

is a possibility of insec1.1ri ty

01 â&#x20AC;˘

inst.ability

study show 3 th ') t ai')proximately

tv.o-thirds

in young peoJle .

of the early

Dillon's school leavers

12 or more school tr nsfero in 1tddition to

he stud1 d hod had three normal trans£

rs from el mentary to secondPry schools. l

coupl d with inadequate p

Freq~ent tr an~fers,

schools for ori enting drawal .

p rt of

ns on th toe

new students , IMy give rise

rly withof the

informAtion about the birthplaces

Table I providos

who withdrew from Linden (oKinley Junior Senior

forty-seven

students

High ...chool

d..iring 19:i4-1956 who mode up the SArrol

'!hes dAta

~ovi d

into the possib ility

insight

for this

st~dy.

of frequent moving

as one cause of drop out . TA~LE I 0 MADEUP THE IN'IERVIEWSMJPLE BIRTHPLAC S OF FORTY- SEVEN STUTEN'IS ID-1 OF TH1 t>TUDY

State

City of ...irth

Number

of Drop Outs

Columbus Adelphia Brighton

Ohio Ohio Ohio

Ohio

l 1 1 l 1

bridg

esterville

Dale Linwocxl

est Virginia Oklshome t

Tuls

Total

indicates of Table

A study

interviewed -----

, thirty-ei

l Dillon,

Harold

th.a t

2. 1

2. 1 2. 1 2. 1 2. 1

2.1

1 1

2. 1 2. 1

100 . 1

of t he forty-seven Ohio •

ght were J•

81. 1 2. 1

1 1

Ohio Ohio Ohio Indiana

Mansf i ld Sunbl1ry

Perce.'1 tage of Total

born in Columbus,

2£• £._it

•'

P• 28•

drop outs

Six of the

13 ~op outs w r

or e born

th e throe r emaining drop outa indio

These d t

of the stnte.

O'.lt

te ..hnt 81.1 ryer cent of the drop outs ~me

Columbus homes, so t â&#x20AC;˘ eir school problems did not

from established seem to bs th

dius of Columbus, Ohio,

born Within n s venty miler

result

of frequent

lon~-dist nnco moving.

R si dent St tus whether or not t he pr esen ce in the home

In order to determine of bot h parents, school le ving,

stud~.~ was made of th e resident

seven dro::>outs interviewed indicates

with

had a~y effe ct on early

or r Glatives,

one p~rent,

The information

st fus of the forty -

presen te d in Table II

hom the boy or gir l wes livi ng at th e t -imeof with-

drawal from sopool . TABLE II EN S OF FORTY-SEV:-N DRO->OTJ'ISAT N Til1E OF LEAVINGLIND "'ID NT STATU McKINLEY JUNIOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Living

ith

Boys

Both Parents One Paren t

0 0

Rel ative

Other Total

Per Cent o! Boys

86. 6 13. 4

100 .0

Girls 11

4 l l

Por Cent of Girls

Total

64. 7

5.9 5.9

l 1

23. 5

100.0

Per Cent of Total f 3. A 11.0 2.1 2.1

100.0

f orty-s even drop outs interviewed , Thble II r eve als that of th e ts when t,hey decided to leave .i;:11ren thirt~-seven were l i ving with botll

to divorce

to a mar ried

i t self

d â&#x20AC;˘s One gi rl waa livin g Wi.th her husban

fa mily.

famil y due to the fact

her own f ami ly had not re conciled

that

fif teen- year -ol d drughter . due to the fact

livin g with her Prandparents deceased

indicated

the dr op outs

was

her father

was

that

of the dro p o~ts during the course

were still

:h-1terviewed,

at the time of the

of t his study per cent of

or seventy-six

interviewees,

thirty-six

that

Another girl

to support her.

and her mother was unable

~uestioning

pr:lmar Uy

parent,

with one or the other

Eight were livi~

school.

living

With thei r IX1re11ts

interview.

ri tal ..,ta tus !;f_ Par en ts leading

In a st udy of the fa ctors would be unw:..se to omit a survey of t he drop outs . made of the

Table

III

to early

of the marital

gi ves the res ults

school

le aving,

st at us of t he ;>arents of such a survey

~cKinley Hi gh ~c~ool forty -s even drop outs from Linden

who -r.:er in torv1ewed . TABLEIII krliITAL

STA'lUS O_t. THL PARF.I

INTERVIEWED OF THI~ FOR'IY-SI VEN STUDEN78

I l THIS 8 '!UDY

Number of Drop ()uts

Status of the Par ents

Per Cent of Total

37 8

Married Divorced ido ed

2 Total

100 . 0

15 Tsble interviewed parfn ts'

I II r cveo l s the t th

lived

in wh~t may b

m,.'lrit~l st~t

or i ty of the drop outs who were

called

f t her , an0 i n the ot her,

are infl uen ced in some

the death of the

the de1.th of the mother .

Prestige

ha ve some effect

â&#x20AC;˘

'!he members of every family

e.y by the oooupa t i on of the head of the

, or lack

of it , monetar :y return,

relating

hours ar e. a few cf th e fe e tors

occup~tions

in one case,

'Ihe

of Par ents

Occupa tion of fnthe rs

household.

Tti.eir

was unch11nred flnd no divorce s occurred .

118

t wo cases of widowed par e~ts involved,

0cc L1 pation

normal homes.

on the menbers

and working

to a man's occunation

of his fa mil y .

which

Table IV lists

the

of the. fRthe rs of forty - seven drop outs at Linden

McKinley " igh Schoo l . I nas much as Li nden is both a residen t ial community,

Table IV shows that machine operato rs,

typ ee of work as their nine

Seven f~thers All

such as engi neers,

of the drop

'Jrim..<ry et oc ,upation .

of the f a the rs worked in factories

re prese nting

shoe and f~indry industries

in to Columbus .

that many of the fathers

is not unusual

ou ts lis te d industrial

and an in ~ustrial

the aircraft,

automotive r epai r ,

were employed on th s even of these

conduct ors, ra

men, none of whi ch could be c

major railroads

men held responsible ilro ~d inspectors

l a ssified

coming positions

, and maintenance

as c ommon laborers .Âˇ

16 TABLE IV O CUP/.rrmi OF FATHERS OF FOR'i"I-SEVE N S'IU Elfl' S 1.â&#x20AC;¢m ?LADEUP '1HE I WilRV I E SPUPLE IN THIS ST'jDI .

Occupat i on

:Joys'

Fathers

Por Cent

Girls ' Per Cent

Fathers

Tot al Por Cent

Fatrers

Rai lrood Work

16. 70

11 . 76

14. ~7

Sales

6. 66

11.76

8.52

6. 66

5. 88

(]

6.38

V.ach. Operator

6. 66

S. 88

6.38

Auto Repair

6. 66

5. 88

6.38

5hoe Machine Opera tor

3.3 3

5. 88

1.2, J

4.2,

Deputy Sheriff

3. 33

5. 88

4.25

1'reigh t

o.oo

5. 88

2.12

Plasterer

3.33

5. 88

4.25

General Contracto r

3.3 3

2.13

Sheet l!etal Contractor

3.33

2.13

Cement Contractor

J.33

o.oo o.oo o.oo

2.13

Restauran teur

5. 88

2.1 3

Foundry

~. 88

2.1.3

Plumber

o.oo o.oo o.oo

5. 88

2.13

J .33

2 .1.3 2.1.3

Policem an

J.33

Farmer

J.33

2.13

2.1)

Florist

3.33

o.oo o.oo o.oo o.oo

St or e Detective

(ech .

Aircraft

v,orker

17 TABLE IV ( continued) l WHO!if DE UP 'IH 'l'S N S'I.'UDE 1Y EVE -S INT;.R•J/:0R S'lHDY THIS N I M.PJ.,

OCCUPl '1ION OF .rA'fHER' O

Occupation

Boye'

Per Cont Girls•

F thers

Per Cent •rotal

Fathers

Per Cent

Fathe r s

2. 13

o.oo o.oo o.oo

2. 13

3.33

o.oo

2.13

3. 33

o.oo

2. 13

Deceased

3.33

5. 88

4.25

Don't Know

3. 33

11. 76

6.38

100 . 00

Lock 8mit h

3.33

:Engine er

3. 33

Denta l Tec hn ici an

3.33

s Driver

Truck Driver

Tota l

e bu ilding '.I.h whose

metal

had a representation

industcy

l.o.bor,

ork was skilled

incl uding pl r sterinr.

workin g, an d cement finishing r aters

of four

county, and state

of seve'1 fathers

..~rop outs

law e1foroen:ant

sheet-

, plumbing,

rem

mbe s of th

agencies

various

city,

which opera t e in or from

Columbus. Three fathers,

having businesses florist,

employed as rastauranteur, There were nine fpthers termed service-type

Jobs,

of thei r own, were selfand locksmith.

who were emplo yed in what may be

such as freight

hnndler,

passenger

bus

te gory, one father

was

and three

prev2iling

According to the present

of the dr op outs did not

occupation

fathers'

of their

In t he semi-professional

technician .

dental

were deceased,

Two f thers know the naturo

ng-t"' • ,...... 8r .

arohi teoturnl

t. , A nr ac ticing morl

ion.al o~te gory of employ-

in the profes

f Rther c o·1ld be class-tfied

wage scale generally

the pos i ti ons o... t he ma, ori ty of t.l-ie fathers

Therefore,

return .

sworking outside

say th~t lack of finances in the

umn.se dec i sions of the mothers 'lhe mothers as ho"Jsewivos, their

hus

their

co uns eling

of young peo pl

own.

of forty-seven

ds , i th th

mothers

!inane

oonsider;ition

a nd guidance

lends

them to make

'!able V indicAtP.s t.r·e occupations drop outs at Linden

of tv, nty-s even of the drop outs twenty

for th is

ty of an adverse

must bo tAken into

for

of t l'e ~other

in tho lif

1be reasons

of the home.

on the members of th<· family

1 mom nts

of the inforr:at i on

, but t~·e possibiJi

st,u

are not consid r d in this

cruci

study :::,rovide

Tod8y's changing world finds an increasing

0cc 1,rY-1tionof Mothers .

Perh os t e a b sence

?er hoQr,

en a major cause for eArl y school leaving .

ho:re s hould not have

ef fect

in this

on the basis

giv en in Table IV, one could safely

ru mber of mothers

about two dollars

acce~ted in Colu.mbas, ~nich averages

a good f i nancial

Only one

sales.

or clerk for r tail

truck driver,

operator,

1nley School. c V.

ore classified

mployed And were 2ssisting

1 maintenanc

of t'l:e:! r hou!Jehol s .

19 TABl,E V OCCUPAT I ONS Oli' MOTHERSOF FOR'fi- S:E.V1':N DROPOUTSAT LINDEN McKINLEY JUNIOR SE lI ?. - I&~ SCHOOL

Boys•

Ocou.pation

Per Cent

Mothers

Housen£

Cook

aitre ss Foot ea r

Pl~stics Domestic .Aviation Stock ~he ck Ins-oector I'e cea s ed Pon't Know

were

47. 07 11. 77 5. 88 5. 88

2 1 1

6.f-6

3.33

5. 88 5. 88 5. 88

0 0 0

o.oo o.oo o.oo

s. 913

3. 33

100.00

forty -t wo per cent

2.13 2. 13

1 1 1 1

5. 88

o.oo

1 1

100.00

4.25

4.25 4. 25

3.33 3.33 3.33

1 1

6.38 6. 38

2 2

o.oo

1 1 1

o.oo o.oo

55.30

1 1

Per Cent

27 3

o.oo o.oo

Approximately

Total Mothers

0 0

Totr1l

Per Cen.t

63. JO 3. 33 6. 66 3. 33

l 2 l 2 1

Sales i or k f actory ,,ork Office \ ork

Girls' Mothers

of the total

2. 13

2.13 2. 13 2.1 3 2. 13 2.13 l J0 .00

m1t1oor of mothers

orking .

Educatio nal &ck

round

Many parents

were privileged

for

to have had .

generation

has inore~sed parents

have 'been heard

opportuniMee

educational

the psst

of Parents

their

The holding

30 per cent or more.

a desiro

for better

chil d ren than th ey themselves

Education

are ex Pr t.ing some influence

School longer.

to express

has msde great

strides

during

oo ,or of many secondAry schools

1is

ould so

on their

Through the cooperative

ffi

children

activities

to indica t e that to atay

of the

20 p0nnsylvani

the

Prinaipals,

D port~ient

Pennsylvania

a study of drop outs and the curriculum

t local

of results

A summarization

in holding

:;>mer from gr des six

cent since

1930.

public

have

the t of th ir Fa thers'

to this

less

school

education

childr

n 1'ho withdrew

shows a gain pez·

to ascertain

study

Y,ho woro interviewed

from school

before

back-

the educational

~f th

forty -s even drop o~ts interviewed,

the per

school

leavi.ar

apj)roxinetely

Table VI sho s that ha:! gradua tsd from high

graduated

f rom ~allege .

grou~ of fathers

" Curriculum Bulletin

-----

'Ihe mediRn

is approximat

u enns , lvania

Thro

school .

---

and

in oach grade. 17 per cent of th

fa th ers

f ath :r-s, or (.• 38 per

rade level

attained

nt had

by this

ten th vr::ide.

op Outs and th C1rriculum," o. 4, P• 1. v 1 r! d 8 rv .:;choo1 , o • ';),

Study

------ -Secon

ly th

than

graduation .

ground of t he fatners

~nt of aa:·ly

1951. 2

n, equal to, or greater

Table VI indicates

~UC$ltion .

levels

to tv. elve of almost thirty

of the students

h th€ir or not the parents

oecondary schools ,

was made in September,

and state

of interest

and

Instruction,

of Public

four selected

s of one hundr d eighty

th, faciliti

of Secondnry School

AssociAtion

Branch of the Natirnal

21 TABLEVI r.DUCA'l'IONOF FATHtRS OF FORTY-S E 'N S'fUI.:ENTS 11 ~DE 0 vr SA PLE .0h' Ti I5 &'1",'jJY

High st r rnd

father s

Completed

of boys

Per Cent

of Girl s

o.oo

10.00

9 10 11

13. 33

12 Colleg e o Record Total

17. 65 11. 77 23. 33

o.oo

10 . 00

16. 66

3 2 30

10 . 00

O. OJ

6. 68

3 17

17.65

100. 00

others ' Lducetion. the ed:.ic"'tion

o.oo

cf t,oth

Per Cent

17.65

ioo.oo

o.oo

l0 . 65

ll.89

o.oo

6 10 3 8 3

12.76

6. 38 17.02 6. 38 10.65

100. 00

21.27

Inasmuc'h as t his study is concerned with

paronts

shows trc educat ional

.All

Fa thers

11. 77

20.ao

Per Cent

o.oo

2 0 3

o.oo

4 4

Fa thers

up THR INTER..

Table VII

of th e drop outs intervie~ed,

ckground

of the mot hers of the early school

leave~s in t hi s study . TABLEVII UP 'lHE INTF.R STUD,1'""5 HOMAD OF 'ffiF..,MO'Il-IK."tSOF FORTY-SEVENTHI~ ED CATION S TlffiY fl

VIE â&#x20AC;¢ SI.M.PI.EF

High st Grade

Completed

,.,

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Coll ge llo Rocord

Total

MotLers of Boys 0 2

3 ~

4 4 1 l

3 JO

Per Cont Mothers

Cut

of Girls

o.oo 6. 67 J.33 10 . CYJ

16. 67 lJ . ~3 13.33 2}. 33 3. ,34 10.00 100.00

1 0 0

3 3 0

6. 06

>11 l

o.oo o.oo

11.77 ll . 77 17.65

11JS

17. 6S

6 7 10

o.oo

17. EiS 100.00

Per Cent

others

1il

2. 13

4.25

2. 13 12. 77 lli.89

12. 47 14. 89 21. 27 2.1 3 12. 77

100. 00

22 'faole VII s hows that 00 mp1oted 8 ttend

their

college,

nrrl she completed

only two :>-ears of this

in the so hools of Detroit,

occurring

liaichi gan , was made b'.f the National fo wid tbP-t the drop outs which grad!.18tion

of the d ro p outs

similar

fathers,

school

was no t the

in .:ic a tes that

had not graduated

af Linden

educational

Labor Committee , and it was

Child

in the :Cetroi t schools

from high

Th.is r e[)ort

The study

, for

per cent

eighty

educationa l

typical

from high school .

cKinley

pattern

car.ie f r om homes in

of t he pr1rents

High Sch ool drop outs

ei ghty-throe

shows a

per c ent of the

and seventy - nine per c<nt of the moth ers of the drop oute

had not grad ~-1a ted from

high

fdJcational B-ck§round

2f Older Brother s!!!!! Sisters

sc h ool.

--- - -- ---- brothers

Number of nlder

influenced

and sis ters.

to some degr ee by the behavior

and sisters•

For t his

educRtional

background

tr end t aw~rd early

re8son,

of older brothers

Before

Yoong people

ar e of ten

patte rns of older ~rothe ra

it was thought

sch ool leaving

dro p outs interviewed.

grade .

A ~tudy of drop outs

patte.:."n.

training

by th is group of ~other~ is approx 1-

'Themedian &r ade l evol a ttained rr.atcly the tenth

cent of the mothe rs

Only one r.iother was able to

edu cation .

school

high

21 . 7 per

approximately

that

nd sisters

a record

of the

might shtm some

in th e familie s at' the forty -s even

. n..aio0..ting l ri

"l etroit St ucics Its Drop Outs, No- 2, ( ebruar-.1, 1952), P• 2 •

the ed,1cational

ba ,;,kground

" Tne American Child . XXXIV, -

_.;...---

---

23 of the older

and sisters

brother

an enumeration

siblings,

in this

the number of older

study.

of the students

sisters

number of

in the family of each drop out will

Table VIII indicates interviewed

of the total

of the students

brothers

the number of older

Table IX indicates

interviewed

in this

be shown.

study.

TABLEVIII NUWER OF OLDERBROTHERSOF THE.STUDENTSIN

Number of Older Brothers 0 l

4 Total

nus

STUDY

Number of Drop Outa Involved Boys Girls

17 7

Total Older Brothers

1 l

3 8 33

TABLEIX OF THL S'IUDENTS IN THIS STUDY .n NUMBER OF OLDER SIS TEÂ·os

Number of Older

Sisters 0

4 Total

Nwnl:er of Drop Outs Involved

Boys

18 9 2 1 0

j<5

Girls 8

Total Older

Sisters 0

1 l l

6 6

Tables VIII and total

64 older

the stu dents in this study had a

that

reveal

and sisters

brothers

However, the majority

at all .

drop outs had no brothe:a~s or sisters

'lhere is a possibility

Early School Leaving 2.!_Older Siblings .

of the drop outs in t his study

and sisters

that t he older brothers

also wi thdre w from high school before grRduation . dra wal from school is a pattern

of beh~vior among the members of a

at home to encourage them to remain in school till educ~tional

concernin g the total and sisters

If e&rly with-

now in school would probably find very little

the students

family,

of the

or th e forty-seven

atta:nment students

graduation.

Data

of the older brothers

used as samples in this study

i s shown in Table X. 'mBLE X

SIBLIOOSOF '1HE OLDER OF SIXTY-FOUR RECORD LEAVING '.IH1EftRLYSCHOOL FORTHEPURPOSES DROPOUTS IN'lERVIEWED OF THIS STUDY

Grade Level at which Siblings Left School

Number ot Older

1 0 1

7 8

Brotherâ&#x20AC;˘

10 11 )2

In College College Graduate Total

1 12 .3

Number of

Total

Older Sisters

Siblings

Per Cent of Total Sibling â&#x20AC;˘

0 1

1 1

1.,

1., 3.1

9.3

1$.6 21.9 40.6

7 14

2 0

26 5 0

6.5

o.o

100.0

th,t

T ble X indicate

no hi gh r than th

of the older

brothers

and sisters

came from homes where early

study generally

study completed

thAt

approxinetely their

did not complete

that th e drop outs in this

seems to indicate

high school education

an unfamiliar

'lbe fact

education.

cent of the

40 per cent of them

Approximately

ninth grade.

hi gh school

oompleted their

55 per cent

of the drop outs in this

and sisters

brothers

older

15 per

more than

a little

school

leaving was not

problem.

Sum.marl For the purposes

of this

study,

it seemed necessary to get as

of the family and social background

complete a picture

as possible

of the forty-seven

drop outs from Linden McKinley Junior Senior

High School who made up the interview

is located

school

the north-eastern are

primarily

semi-skilled

Âˇwhite,

three-fourths

time of withdrawal

of them were living

from school;

v,ere living

together .

were employed as skilled

was in

The rea ul ts of th

workmen, who take great study show that over

of th~ drop outs were born in or near Columbus, Ohio;

over three-fourths

parents

of Linden

The residents

and skilled

district

a residential

of Linden,

part of Columbus, Ohio.

in home OYmership.

pride

that

in the heart

The

sample for this study.

professicn .

with their

parents

and that over three-fourths Most of the fathers

or semi-skilled

mrkmen,

of their drop outs

of tr while

at the

one father

Helf of the mothers were housewivest

1'hile

26 most o:f the nat ure .

o t h er h alf were emplo yed i n j obs of a se mi-skil

l ed

Less t h an twenty per cen t of th e f at hers of t he drop outs

had gr Aduated

f rom high s chool, whil e onl y th re e of the m had

a ttend ed co l lege ~

A l i t t l e over twen t y per cen t of the mot he r s

had gr adua ted from high sc h ool, and only one had attende d colle ge . 1.ib e majorit y of the dro p outs had no older brothers littl

e over thirty

per - cen t of t he older brothers

dr op ou ts had gr aduated

f rom hi gh s cho ol.

and siste rs . and s i sters

of t he

CHAP'IBR III A~ ANALYSIS AND r,oitP4.RISON O, '!HE DATA OBTAINEDFROMSCHOOLRECORDS l s OF THIS CONCtRNINQ T.HJ:!DROP OUTh v,no 1!JIBSELEC'IEDFilR Tfil.. PtJRPOS S'1.VDY

Introduction

or data

One of the sources

collecti

used in making this

on of pe rmanent cumulative

Lind en McKinle y Junior

factual

data

cumulative

record

folder

for junior

ele mentary

central

concerning

each student

and senior

high school.

officers cumulative

records

r e cords

are made by the home room teacher

and extra-curricular

once eaoh semester,

is made to keep a record

flhi ch will

be of help

in future

acade mic, psych olo gi cal, The information solely

interests.

Additions

and th e school

of anything

conoerni~

guidance , whether

to these

c loric

1 An

a stu dent

it be of an

nature.

in t be tables

from the permanent cumul a tive

personality

somet imes more frequently.

or vocational

given

not only the students'

dRta, family background,

hobbies,

effort

and taken to the

contain

traits,

at least

his academic

for permanent filing.

tut his health

a ca demic records,

lhe

'Ihe record of his

work is r emoved, put on microfilm,

'Ille permanent

staff

contains

so it was possible

each Âˇdrop out interviewed.

for

administrative

The school records

school are kept on f ile,

to collect

record

record cards kept on file

and Seni or High School.

stu da~ ts who havo left

study was the

i n t his chApter was taken

records of Linden McKinley

28 and Senior High School.

Junior

~ Como rison

ÂŁ!Age!!!!,

~ rrop Outs .

the

years

or sixteen

schedule .

rupted

would be older indicate

providing

It seemed possible

grRde at

he has followed

an unin ter-

thB t the drop outs 1n this

study

than the normal school promotion sequence shruld

In order

a oompariscn was made

this point,

to clarify

ho have remained in school.

of the drop outs and the students

Table XI indicates

t he age and grad e

at the time of withdrawa l of forty - seven drop ruts at

Linden McKinle y Junior Table XI indicates

Seni or High School. that 10 of the drop outs were within the

normal age and grade distribation,

Thirty - seven of th older

in the first

of age by the time he has reached the be-

of the age and grade distribution

distribution

school

which is t he usual practice , he would be

of the ten th grade,

inning

enters

If a child

ge of six or seven,

fifteen

Grade Distribution

drop outs,

in grade than is called

as indicRted by the heavy line. or 78. 7 per cent,

for int.he

were retarded,

normal distribution

XI TABLE E ANDGRAD THhAG WAL OF THE FORTY,E DI S'IRIBUTION AT TIME OF V,ITHr.RA F iR THIS SWDY TS HHERVI 1:.YIBD SFVEN S7UDEN

Ninth

Ago

Tenth

)to

Ele venth

Twelfth

Orand Total

B G

14 [

15 16

2 2 2 8 10

3 3 9

3 12

3 2

ti.3 S 18

tl 2

3 O 3

30 17 47

* ~

B - Boys; G - GirlsJ

charts

for

Junior

Sen ior

all

are required students.

'lhe total

to tw elfth

of all

out age and gr ade distribution

to fill

r t por t for Linden McKinley

Hi gh School waa studied,

to shOW'the ninth stu dents

T - Total .

The te0ch ers snd administrators

ReguU1r Stud ents.

Columbus Schools

Total

and Table XII was compiled

grBde age and gr nde distribution

f or the

in the school.

A study of Table XII reveals cen t of the r e gular One hundred-forty,

that

eiehty-one,

or over

a t:udents were under age for their

5 per

r rE1de level.

or over 9 per cent were overa ge for their

grade

JO 1 v 1•

Over

85 per

cent of these .

ge end grade distribution

A comparison of the data on age snd r,rade

'lbe Comparison . distribition

category .

of the drop outs wero in this Attendance

Record

attend~nce

Regular daily

school attend

in school any degree

to attain

who hopes

student

nee is one of the first

th e part

of any student

guidance

for pote ntial

leavers .

school that

Di l l on notes

attendance

leavers,

begins

in ,1unior high school , possibly

that

and the f e eling

In an eff ort

Dillon,

checked

work is futile

on early

In his report irregul~rity

generally school

becomes more pparent , manifests

to obtain

drop outs Harold

J.,

an exact record intervi~ed,

1ta6lf

,2E•

£!!•,

of the atterdanoe

e careful P• 25•

as s matter of

absenca.

t he forty-seven

school

Poor

of maladjustment

as s prel11de to early

high school, restlessness

le aving ,. In senior

of academic proficiency

'be care.fully

and should eerly

is obligato r y for every

indications

school

frequent

over one-fourth

while onl~ a little

e,d gr ade distribution,

the normal

were within

~tudents

of the regular

Toe m~jority

overa ge.

of the drop outs who wer e

lev l as compared to over 78 per cent

grad

for their

were overage

of tho r egular students

th a t over 9 per cent

tes

indic

students

and the regular

drop ruts

of tm

the normal

were w1thin

students

check was made of

TABLEllI

L l, NINTH 'IO 'JNiLFTHGRADEAGE-GRADEDI~TRIBUTIONRE.POHTAGES AS OF SEPTF.MBE

Age

Ninth B G

El eventh

Tenth T

125 151 276

123

129

221

103

44 106

98 128 226

170 302

167 201 368

132

Total

Grand

'Iwelf th

1955

184 185 369

72 102 174

161 157 318

77 48 123

21 Total 1.32

236 468

182 199

381

193 202 395

137 154 291

744 791 1535

d cor s 1n the schools'

cuc 11lativ

their

attend"~ce

compil ti on of t h for th

school years

ecor

files .

'!Bble XIII is a

f o these early

school leavers

1954_55, and 1955 t o Marc h, 1956. TABLEIlll

THE A~ENDANCE RECOR OF THE FORTY-SEVENS'nJDEN'IS SELECTEDJ..S A SAMPLE \ R THE PURPOSES [I' nus sÂˇmny- Sf.P'l'BifBER 1954 TO MARCH1956

Number of Days of

Actual

Number of Students in Attendance

hool

Per Cent in Attendance

Attendance

Less than 100 l J0-119 120-129

4.2 o.o

2 0

B.7 2. 1

130-139

140-149

1 6

169 170- 179

21 6

15 159

12. 7 14. 9

190-plu s Total

'lhe number of school

atte

44-7

12. 7

o.o

100. 0

dnnce days

included

September , 1954 to Uaroh , 1956 is approximately in this

as the students period , the exact

not known. 11as in school

words,

study

withdrew

~95 days .

f rom

riod

Inasmuch

at vario11s times during this

number of deys of possible

However,

in the

school

attendance

Table XIV shows th Pt not one of the drop outs

more than 180 days during

t he maximum peroentage

this

of attendance

period.

In other

for any of the drop

33 outs was 61 par cent of the tot 1 possib le 295 days, as oomp red to 91 per cent attendance

McKinle y Junior

by th o regu lar

at Linden

students

Seni or High ~chool.

During the course

of the

it was found t hat

interviews,

the drop

outs had only vague ideBs as to the number of days they had been absent from school.

"A fe w days" , was tho usua l answer gi ven to this

question,

tha t th e students

indicating

importance

to the matte r of regular

GeneraLly speaking,

irregularit

stu dents began after

failure

sition

interest

of a.'1 ou tside

boys interviewed automobile,

i ntimated

their

y in attendance

by these

subjects,

or the acqui -

such as the desire

to ear n money.

that the desire

energies

too great

school atte ridance .

in certain

plus di s sa tis f action

seemed to direct

did not attach

'lhe

to obtain t hei r own

with low salaried

after-school

jobs

toward eArning money, r athe r than

tol'lard acaalemic achievement.

The gir ls intervier1ted loss

o~ a sense

reasons

for

re ported

of be longing,

irr egula rity

failure

in specific

end an intens ~ interest

subjects, in marriage

in attendance.

Comparison EÂŁ_~ ht tendance .ho Remain .!,!! School

of ~ Drop ~ !!!~ the Stud ents

A compari son of the attendance

records

of the students

re-

maining in sc hool with those of the drop outs in this study na made f ollowi ng a perusal

of the school records

school

the six semesters

atten dance during

on attendance .

'Ihe

covered by this study ,

computation sh

over 73 Pr

of 91 per cent duri ng this

rate

cent attendance during the same oeriod .

that the d ro p outsâ&#x20AC;˘ attendance

indicate

of Linden Jl4cKinley Junior

Senior High School

uenior High School.

Mental

Abil ty ÂŁf_ Drop~

their

in a testing

pro gram designed

import to this study to determine

to achieve

McKinley Junior

pas s sufficient

be of some

the number of drop outs interviewed to achieve average

verage succ as in high school was discussed in cbnrge of t esting

.>enior Hi gh School .

based on experien ce vli th th e tes ting

Intelligence

It will

The matter of the degree of mental ability

with one of t h vice -pr inc ipals

grade .

s~owed suff ic ien t mental ability

in high sch ool.

necesaary

Test Form "A"

is g1 ven to the stud ents in the ninth

success

to give an indic at ion of

'Ihe Henmon-Nelson Intelligence

mental abili ty .

whose teats

was over 17 per cent

rate

in Linden McKinley

Junior

partic ipate

These figures

enrolled

lower than th at of all other students

Al l students

riod

record of th e drop ruts shows a ra te of

'lhe attendance

of time .

as a whole

that the senior high school students attendance

had an averag

of this

The results

Soptomber 1954 to Maroh 1956, was computed.

Scor es between courses

~he expressed

at Linden the opinion,

!)ror,r am, t h at students

85 and 95, could, with d i ligent

to complete their

with

study ,

high school educ a tion .

- Nelson Test Henmon v. A. c., Nelson M. J . , 'Ihe Henmon Copyright , 12, 7Test, GrRdes Form A, High School Intelligence

1932.

from out of the state

oi a transfer

The Intelligence

study .

one of the drop outs because

for

was not avail.Bbl

score

Quotient

in this

students

of th

giv n to forty-six

of the Hennon- Nelson test

the result:,

XIV indicates

Tabl

of Ohio .

TABLEllV - SIX S'IU:'ENTS THE INTrLL IGENCE Q.â&#x20AC;˘O'I'ThNT AND GRADEDIS'1RIBUTION OF FORTY . FOR THIS S 'IUDY INTERVIh ED AS A SAMPLF

bov

!lo.

Grades

No. from l05-ll4

114

9 10 11 12 Total

Percent of Total

N0. from Uo. from

No. from

6.4

8.S

19.l

at t he time they withdrm

the grade distribution Uniformly

scores

figures

the

95 or

better,

the Average high school below

95,

orgAnization

resent L:>

40. 5

8.5

indicate

possible

quite

program .

The other

is concerned .

gr~de and

from school .

of all of the

that 34 per cent of them had

making it

problem

of the r sults

scoros do not seem to be oharaot~ristic

for

drop outs,

given to tha d rop outs in the ninth

ence test

75 1 2 1

1 l 1

'The data shown in Teble .XIVare an indication the intelli

75-84

85-94

95-104

Below

in special

for

56 per

guidance

them to fit

into

cent , with scores ff:!r as curricul'lr

36 Compal'"ison of

ntal

Intelligence

Quotients

t he ran ge of int e lli genc

this

records

students of all

the ninth

V"ho were given tho test

complete

record .

given

to all

drop outs in this ttJirty-one,

to review last

year

of th e cumulative

the records in order

of the

to get a

in school .

it is at this

with the

grade level

or 65.l per cent of the drop outs had left

of the

This tenth

was used as a l:Bsis of comparison

study, because

High

test, is g iven during

s hown in Table XV are from records

stu dents who are s till

grade group of students

quotients

at Linden Mo.Kinley Junior

Inasmu ch as the intelligonee

g r ade , it was necessary

drop outs in

of intelligence

in school , a survey

grade students

students

test

of the for ty-seven

to t he range

The data

and r rop ~

Students

In order to determine whether or not

who ar e s till

tenth

School was made.

quotients

si-udy vms comparable

of those

2f. Regular

Abi lity

that

school .

TA3LElV 'lHE HlTl':.il..IGF1,CE QUOT IENT ANI: GRADEDISTRIBUTION'1F 249 TENTHGRADE S'!UtENTS REâ&#x20AC;˘ INIUG IN SCHOO L AT LINDENMcKINU.Y JUNIOfi ~LN111., HIGH SCHOO L

Grade

No. above

114

Ho. from 105-llL

No. from

BS-94

14 23

Total

50 65

24 43

Percentage of ':'otal

26.1

22.0

26. 9

14.h

lO B

lOA

No. from Below

95-104

84-75 3

7. 6

15 6 2

8 3.0

too intelligence

as noted in

quotients

intelligence

outs'

3 Table XIV,

the drop

In cornpa ring

noted in Table JV on

quotients

preceding page, it was found tku,~t 73 per cent of the 249 regular . had scores of 9 5 orb tt students e er, while onl y 34 per cent of the scores. drop outs in th is study r ec eived equivalent Fur ther

outs had 57.4 per cent in this regular

had a score

students

of the drop outs fell

that

fore,

on their

could

be said

r egistered

i ccording

common reasons failures

to the

3 4

See page

below the average

in the tenth

grade now.

stu dents who have a score

may become pot ential

Interview Form,

School Exit

taken. failure

'Ihere -

35 or less

drop outs .

See Appendix .

one of the most

It was found that a ra t her consistent was followed

35.

who withdraw from school is r epeated

XVI indicates ,.,.._ble 1

by the drop outs an

failed

85 seems

below

scores

were generally

by students

given

in subjects

s'bldy .

cent

Failure

pat t ern of subject in this

tests

intelligence

Subj ect

Grade~

that

75, while 8. 5 per

The fa ct that the 1.Prgest

outs

who are in school

the 249 students

than

range.

ab i lities

their

of less

drop

Three per ce nt of the

category .

in this

per centa ge of the drop indicate

85 to 75, whereas, the

scores ranging from

received

students

21 . 6 per ce nt of the regular

that

reveals

comparison

by the drop outs

the specific

d the grade levels ,

subjects

interviewed which were

At which the failureâ&#x20AC;˘

38 t ook place.

TABLE XVI SPF..CIF'ICSUBJEC'IS FA!LF.D AND SEVEN DROP O T~E TSGRADELEVELOF 1'"'A I LURESOF FORTY" IN'lERVIl!. '1'iFJn n~ THIS STUDY

Grade Level of Fail ure

&ubject

9 10 11

Jt'ailed

English

10 11

11 10 11 10 10 9 11 11 10

Geometry

Geography Biology General fusiness

Business Org. Physical Educ.

10 11 9 10 11 9 10 9

Th.e seventeen

girls

3 0 0 0

3 6

11 1

1 l

3 0 2 0 0 0

1 1

Household Arts

0 0 0 0

thBt thirty aubjeote

14 5

Spanish Spanish Shortham General Science

of ninety-seven

Total

a total

Indus trial Arts Photography Chemistry

Typing

Table XVI reveals

Algebra fus . Arith . Practical Math.

Girls

2 16 9,

E:p lish English t ,ngliSh History· , History

Boys

0 0

l 2 l

boy• who were interviewed in gradea nine

lfho were intervi•ed

failed

through

twelve .

a total

of t•nty

nine through twelve.

~1bj eta in grades

eight

Frequency

2f. ~bjects

Fai led

records revealed

lative

of one subject

Failure

fails

s ohool that

the students

a student

subjects

'!he tabulations

for it

is the policy of the

The result

repeating

simultaneously,

grade levels levels

grade

on different

of th ~s is that

in Table XVII, shov.ing the frequency

simultaneously. of specific

and the per cent of the drop outs involved,

courses

f rom the ninth

History

tabulations

courses

in general

J:nsiness

includes

grade level .

to the twelfth

include

to the twelfth

all

grade .

Mathematics

courses

in general

Household Arts

Tsble XVII indicates

includes

reJorted

that

buaines all

concern

F.nglish and

forms of thes < subjects

math . , algebra , and solid

Typing failures

number of failures

does not mean that

go on to the next grade level

subjects

ra:lure

clothing.

grade,

study

subjects.

specific

grade level

particular

which were failed

subject

merchandising.

drop outs in this

the forty-seven

may be doing work on different

and may also fail

the ninth

one

the entire

the student

only those

that

of one hundred and twenty-five

a total

had failed

of the permanent cumu-

on Table XVI, a search

As was noted

tabulations

given from include

and pl ane geometry . 1,

sales,

courses

and retail in foods

were those in ell levala

and

of typing .

nglish accoo.nted for the greatest

, with 24. 8 per cent of th

!'"Konty-two, or 17. 6 per cent of the failures

total

subjects

were in histoeyJ

failed . and

mathematics account d fer twenty-three , or 18. 4 per cent of the

40 TABLEXVII FRI QUENCY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHO>L SUBJEC'IS FAJLED, AND 'IHE PERCENTAGE Or FAl LUilli AMONGTHL FORTY- SEVE1~s TIIDENTSUSETJAS A SMl PLE IN T IS STUDY

Subjects

Number of Boys' Failures

Fai led

Number of Girls' .[,ailures

E.nglish Histo ry lath eWitics Physical Ed.

Total cailures in Subjects

19 21

Geography Ind . Arts

B.isiness

Household Art.a

5 5

Biology

5panish Shorthand Chemistry Typing Gen. ::> cience Photography Bookkeep ing

s ubjects

with thirteen, Hygiene,

4.0 ,3. 2

2.4

3 2

1 1

0 1 1

1. 6'

2 2

125

1 0

f ai led.

4. 0

0 0

2 0

Total

18.4 10.4 6.4

23 13

Failures

24.8 17.6

Per Cent of Total

Physical

Education

subject,

.8Â· ,8

1. 6 100 . 0

placed four th on the list,

or 11.2 per cent of the failures.

which is a classroom

1. 6 1. 6

Since Physical

and the phys ical

activity

programs are combined to give the student his grade in Physical Education , the failures Physic al F,ducation

staff

of ten occur in th e classroom work. re ports

for gymnasi um work and thereby

that fail

some students the oourse .

refuse

The to "dress"

41 Tota l Fail ur es ~ Dro 2 ~

'Ihe number

s ubj ect f~i lures reported in pr evious tables wruld

seem to indica te th at th e majority failed

lea st

one sub je c t .

In or der to clarify

Table XVII I was made to indicate

for~ â&#x20AC;˘- seven dro p outs in this

of the drop cuts 1ntervie,red

the total

this

f a llures

had

point,

for

each of the

study. TABLE XVIII

TOTALFAILURES FOR EACH OF THE FORTY-SEVEN DROPOUTS tJSED AS A SA'.:J PLE I N THIS STUDY

Num ber of Drop Outs

Number of Subjects Failed

Per Cent of Total Pupils Involved

0 0

2.1

o.o

5 4

I nv olved Gi rls Boys

1 0

2 1

14.9 12.7 12.7 12.7 21.0 25.1

100.0

5 5 5

l l

that

Ta ble XVII I reveals ei ght subject

one-fourth fourth f ailures

failures

whi.le there

among the young people

of them had no failures

of them had failed

students

at all .

only one subject.

per drop out was five,

forty -aeven

was a total

actually

although had five

in this

A lit~le

ot' twenty-

study, over less than one-

The average number of

not quite a third

failures.

of the

Com ari aon of Course s of S ::>tudonts St llin Schoo ltll dy Follo wed E,Y!!!! Dro p ~ S

- --~

dents

who attend

a nd 0th er schools

Li nden McKinle y J uni or Se n io r Hi gh School,

ia r equi r ed to take ce r tain basic subj ects and

ia t h en {X3rmitted to choose a general

The courses

ind ustrial

Taken ,El th e Drop ~

and

t=i

genere l c ourse . a re vie w of th e f acts

After

subje cts foi led by . th e dro p ru ts in this aro s e as to whet her or not these

question

which were mor e diffi mained in sch ool. is often

a matter

technical

nature

on the part

Each of t hese

Which may be c hosen are commercia l , aca demic,

arts , hou s eh ol d ar ts,

concerning

ment s .

cour se of st udy.

of stud j fo l l ows a pr escri bed pa tt ern of s ubjects .

of study

Courses

the

in the city of Col umbus, do not take subje cts at

r andom. Each student

gener 1 courses

cu lt

While

s t udents

the

had taken c~~rses

than those t ak en by the stu dents who rethe "dif f iculty"

of personal

of any particular

cour se

opin i on, so lll3 cours es ar e of a more

t han ot hers and may require

of the

study,

stud ea~s who succes s fully

In or der to clarif y this

point,

a particul

a r aptitude

compl ete t heir require -

a. su rve y was made of the

aourse s of s t udy foll owed by th e for ty -seven dro p out s and Table XII shov-s t he r esu lts

of t hi s s urv ey .

Table XIX reve als tha t the most popul ar course among t he boya in this

tudy was the

of them wer e enrolled were enrolled t he entire

i ndustrial in this

arts course .

course,

f or almost two-thirds

Almost hRlf

of th e girls

in the commercial course , while only two girls , out of

took f orty - se ven studen t s in t h6 study,

th e academi c cours e .

TABLEXIX TYP~ OF COURSE .$ T/\KEN BY FORTY -S EVEN DROP OU'lS IN'raRVIElffiD IN THIS STUDY

fype of Course ?aken

Number of

Number of Girls

Boys Indus trial Arts Comme rcial General Househ ol d Arts Academic

19 1

Total

Courses

.!?zThose

Taken

or der to make a true and th e reraaining cours es of study

studying

10 1

0 0

4 2

Stu dents

comparison

Total

Per Cent of Total

40.4

17 5 4

10.6

4.2

100. 0

36. 2

R.6

Remained in School .

of the ,iork taken

by the drop outs

student s, an addi tion al survey was made of

by 249 tenth

taken

at Linden

sho s the results

Kinley Junior of this

grade students

who are still

Senior High School.

Table XX

study. TA LE ll

TYPE OF COURSF .,S TAKENBY 249 TENTHGR/\DESTUDENTS ENROLLEDIN LINDEN L!c KIULEY SF,NIOR HIG SCHO')L [fJRING TIL SECnND SI:ME!:>'IEROF 1956

fype of Course

Taken

Total

36.2

19. 2

44 9

11.1 3.7

119

130

249

100.0

/lcad emic

Ho11sehold

Girls

Commercial General Indus trial

Boye

Arts

Arts Total.

Per Cent

23 . 2

41.i as i nd icated

graders

per cent of th o total

course.

Industrial courses

and three

arts

and household

An effort

arts

co?!lparison of the course

seer.i to be the least

was rade in comparing the information

a tudy as made by tho drop outs were similar who are still

over

a little

are in the gmcral

respectively

XIX and XX to determine whether

by the students

milo

for they account for on;J..yseventeen

of the students,

'Ihe Comparison . in Tables

tenth graders

with the students,

per cent

per cent of tho tenth

Twenty-three

in the academic course,

are enrolled

nineteen

popular

course seelll9

in Table XX shows that the most popular

commercial course.

to b

of study

of courses

grade choices

A resume of 249 tenth

in school .

the choice

of courses

to the choices made Table XII shows a

chosen by the two grru.ps and the ;,ercentage

of each group in the s pacific

courses . TABLEXXI

A CO.tPViISON OF C URSRSOF STUDYOHOSENBY 1HE i:'ROP OU'lli IN TIS S'IUDY AN THE 'lEN'IH GRADERSNOi TN A'!TENDANCEAT LINDEN McKINLEY SENIOR HIO I SCHOOL

Course Taken

Commercial Indus trial Arts

General Course Academic Househ old Arts

Percentage of Total Students Regular trop outs

36. 2

40.4 4.2

10. 6

8. 6

100.0

J6 . 2

17. 7 19. 2 23. 2

3. 7 100. 0

'.lable XXI indicates commercial ocnrse. vrhich

oourse

as the last

Here the likeness in ohoic .e f

is second

arts

drop outs,

while

of both gro ups in the

ends,

for the academic

he students

choice of the largest

was the first

the household a~..ts course

pe rc entage

a tt racted

a comparati vely

perce ,1tage of both groups.

small

Table

xv5 indioates

school have a higher which may account

that

the tenth

intelligence

graders

quotient

for the fact

thB t there

who are still

than the drop outs, are more of them enrolled

academic course.

in the

Extra

Curricular

Acti vities

In an effort

to promote

its

students,

Linden

the

following

clubs s

th e social

~cKinley

an d ath l etic

Junior and Senior

'Ibe Future

, Senior Y-Teens,

and B~ting

Ushers,

Audio-Visual , Radio , Senior DrRmatica, Junior

Latin,

tenance,

kiss,

Searchlight

Mimeograph and Printing,

fyping,

Chemi.Stry

activities

Junior

(Junior

High School sponsors

Y- Teens,

Spanish,

Junior Dramatics,

High Publication),

Boys Athletics,

and Physics,

Girls

Games, Advertising,

Library,

~cience Demonstration,

Art and Dramatics,

Records,

Photography,

and 7A and 7B Guidance .

See page

36.

Foremans,

Teachers, Bible Appreciation ,

Fishing

Clef,

nmr in school,

of the grou p of d rop ru ta in the study.

choice

I nd u st rial

a common percentage

MainAthletica, Aooounting,

Attendance , All

stu dents ar

eli gible

to j 0 in th â&#x20AC;˘ ese olu bs Which meet during regularly

schedu.l d school tiJr.e. ncour aped for all To f ur Juni or

and senior

partici

eli gibility

~ ting

s enior

and 6 boys in tennis.

I xt ra Curricular

pointed

43 boys in senior

40 boys

basketball,

s chool

to the published

high varsity

in reserve

high basketball,

in junior

The girls

i thdraw

1. s aid tl1at ~~ey heve a feeing of not

of the total

football,

20 boys in

8 boys in golf,

high baseball,

have no competitive

foot-

athletics.

Part i cip~tion

!!any stu d en t s wh o

a feeling

program

numbers of boys pnrticipated

sports:

u2boys

immediate

sports

According

Activities.

in its

15 boys in junior

high baseball,

in Columbus and its

or 9 per cent

the following

in varsity

in track,

and is

sport-8 program -viith the

1955-1956, this

yeer

200 boys,

lis t s,

15 boys

51 boys

schools

high

t he f ollo wi ng specific ball,

basis

Linden UcKinley

i n the school,

has a competitive

Durin g the school

has had a ppr oxi~tely enrollment

students

Hi gh School

othe r jun ior

is on a voluntary

pupils.

or interest

nior

vi oi ni ty â&#x20AC;˘

mberahip

be1.ng a part

out in the previolls

from school

before

of not balonuing of the school

tÂˇ there sec 1Dn,

to the school,

activities j

gradu.Rtion hAve

end

s ample opp or tllni ty

d thlatics if the students so desire . in clubS an 8 thn t a ...urvey of the extra - curricular I t was with this in mind ven drop outs was made. The Student activities of the forty-se the permanent record oards eompsre d -ith " t rap Out QuestionnsiI"E w89

f or participation

to det ermin scho ol's

the drop outs had participated

to wh~t extent

orogr am.

curricular

extr

ed, t enty-four,

dro p outs interviev.

Table XXII indicntes

th mn.

pa r'tic i,Ja tion of these

boy and girl

51 per cent di d not parti-

or the social

oi pa te in any of tho sports of fered

Of t he f orty-seven

in the

clubs which th e school

the extent

of extra-curricular

drop outs. TABLE XXII

-Sr.VEN ACTIVITIES Qli' THE FORTY PARTICIPATION IN LX'IRA CURRICULAR S'lUDF.tJ'I5 1.ahRVIi ,ED IN THIS ST DY

Boys

Fxtra - Curri cul ar Activities

Football Basketbal Baseball Tr ack

s 5

Counctl Band or Orchestra Vocal Groups

Cheer Leading Girls Atriletics "Y" Teens Camera Club Bo...,tiil{l a'ld Fishing No Participation

Totel

In the r e ceived

total

t -o '" letter

figur

cs indicat

awards,

ed in

0 0 0 0 0

Total

5 1

s 5

0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1

1 2 2 1

1 1 11

0 0

1 2 2 1 l l 21

Golf Student

Girls

'fab le X.XI I , one boy had

one t or !ootb8.ll,

a nd one for track .

One g irl

had ooen a oh etr

a n d also a member of the &tudent Tab 1 e XXII shows th t in a n eteen, or 63.3 per oen t, of the

Council .

boys, and only seven , or

in t erviewed

had parti

I n comparin g th st ill

wlio are

1 ea d er,

drop

41 3 â&#x20AC;˘

per cent, of th e gir ls who were

PPted in any for m of ext ra-c urriculer

t, OU 3

in schoo l,

pa rti cipa tion with

that

of the

acti vity. stu dents

it was found t h at 1, 1357, or 87 .1 per cent,

of the st udents who were in s chool

in March 1956, had taken advantage

of this

F ovever,

extra-curriculer

of the s tments allotted

44. 7

for

'l'able

dur ing the time

X II srows that

of tho drop outs interviewed

of the .School

study

a pproxiir.a tely

did nnt take part

Exit

Interview

three -fo ur ths of the students

Columb.1s Schools

f roin 19.51 to 1953 did no t take

extra -c urriculF.r

pr ograms in t ;he sc hools

Taole

I XII also

or in

interviewed,

The ccmuetitive ...

spo rts

they

8 4--yed .,.

who left active

program

in school

the

part

they

in the

,i t lidrew.

boys , or 39. fi per cent

had pArtioipRtP.d hRs great

boys , and ri ve Of th vâ&#x20AC;˘ boys who were interviewed was t he reason

Report Forms showed

from which

th t s venteen

indicates

of the male d ro p outs

sports.

twenty-one,

pr ogram.

A further

that

aoti vi t y .

club

335, or 12.9 per cent,

to go to a st ud 3 hall

preferred

po r cent,

t he activity

pro~ram .

in vRrsity ~t.tra~tion

indicAted

for the that

this

as lon~ as they did .

Sum,'l8ry The permanm t cumul a tive Junior

Sen ior

. High Schoo' 1

r ecord files

wri ab contain '

at Linde n ~oKinley the recor ds of the students '

a oad mic work,

health

and ex tr a -o urricul

data , fnmil Y bao k ground, personality

wer e r eviewed in order to compile

or interests,

the i nfer.notio n contained

tr ~its,

in thiu

chapter ..

'lbe r e co r d5 i nd i ca t e thRt th e grentest

w.i.thdrawal

f rom Linden

McKinle l Jun ior Senior High School took place at the end of the nin t .., r ade, when th e students

between the ages of sixteen

l'Tere

and

s &vent e er..

L5 per cent of th e lrop outs interviev1e d missed

Ap .)roximately four

due to absence

,Âˇeeks of school

1954, to March, 1956.

Sept einber,

i nter vie v-ed mi s sed about t he n:exi mum absence

about

com9il ed by t wo drop outs.

Fifteen

seventeen

t!:regulm-

of time from

of the student.a

per cent

,rneks of school

five

being

duri ng the period

due to absence,

with

weeks of scbool--a

record

i ty in a ttenda."l~e gen er ally -,

followed

and general

grade fa ~lures

In comp&ring

t hos e of tho

the

73 p er cent of the students com?3red to

.34per

22 per cent

of the students

compi:>red to

56 per

Three per

range. than

quotients

intelligence

of the drop outs with

who remain in school,

students

cent

now in school

in this still

in school .

disinterest