The four church leadership systems

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A discipleship tra ining to equip Christia ns for works of service, so tha t the Body of Christ ma y be built up (Ephesia ns 4:11-16).

The four church leadership systems Additio nal study material

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THE FOUR CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEMS A. THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM AND THE BIBLE B. THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM IN CHURCH HISTORY

p. 1 p. 3

C. THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM AND THE BIBLE D. THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM IN CHURCH HISTORY

p. 4 p. 5

E. THE SYNODAL CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM AND THE BIBLE F. THE SYNODAL CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM IN CHURCH HISTORY

p. 6 p. 9

G. THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM AND THE BIBLE H. THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM IN CHURCH HISTORY

p.13 p.15

I. CLOSING REMARKS, CONCLUSIONS, SUMMARY AND BIBLE REFERENCES

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These notes are about the various church leadership systems that can be distinguished from each other. They are in the main the following: the episcopal system, the congregational system, the synodal system and the presbyterian system. With these terms we are not referring to particular denominations, but to different church leadership systems or structures. We describe the nature of these four church leadership systems. We list the most important arguments for these systems and make comments on these arguments. We also point out how these systems have functioned in Church History1. From the discussion arises a definite preference for one of these church leadership systems. The main intention is to give information to help us form an opinion. In this exchange of thoughts it is not our intention to rewrite the issue of church leadership, but rather to help us build our own church on the basis of the Bible in a way that Jesus Christ is the Lord of the Church. These notes discuss each church leadership system separately with a summary of the subject and a list of the most important passages in the Bible at the end. A. THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH LEADERSHIP SYSTEM (STRUCTURE) AND THE BIBLE 1. The argument for bishops. The Episcopal Churches (denominations) argue that “a bishop” (Greek: episkopos, English: “bishop”) is not a task, but a position (an office) above the office of “elders” (Greek: presbyteroi, cf. English “priests”). Comment. The word “episkopos” (meaning: “overseer” or “supervisor”) is found in the Bible. Jesus Christ is “the Overseer of our souls” (1 Peter 2:25). The apostle Judas had “a supervising task” (Greek: episkope) (Psalm 109:8; Acts 1:20). The elders (Greek: presbyteroi, cf. English: priests) of the church of Ephesus (Acts 20:17; 1 Timothy 5:17), the church of Philippi (Philippians 1:1), the churches on Crete (Titus 1:5,7) and the churches in Asia Minor (1 Peter 5:1-2) are “the overseers” and “shepherds” of their congregation (Acts 20:28; 1 Timothy 3:2). Thus, Jesus Christ, the apostles of Jesus Christ and the elders of the churches had “a supervising task”. The New Testament clearly teaches that “the task of supervising or overseeing” was never a separate office, but a task of Christ, a task of the apostles and a task of the elders of a congregation. Only during the 2nd century A.D. churches separated “the task” of the elders from the elders and accorded this task to a new and higher position or office than the office of elder in the Church, namely the office of “a bishop”. There is no biblical authority to appoint bishops (and later metropolitans, archbishops and popes) in the Church.

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See Delta PLUS study 25 “The historic development of Church leadership”

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Delta PLUS study 47


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