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GENTRIFICATION Types ofστις Intervention, Η Definition, Επιμόρφωση Στελεχών Χώρες της Ε.Ε.
Definition, of Της intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification κυρίας Σοφίας ΧΡΟΝΗ Concerns
Οι εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές και μέθοδοι που ακολουθούνται από By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS κάποιες χώρες της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης για School την εκπαίδευση των Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εργαζομένων και ιδιαίτερα των δημοσίων υπαλλήλων είναι οι εξής. Student of the School of Architecture Στην Γαλλία που διαθέτει ένα από ταTechnical καλύτερα και ofπιο University Crete σύγχρονα συστήματα εκπαίδευση δημοσίων υπαλλήλων σε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept παγκόσμιο επίπεδο, την κεντρική the ευθύνη σε θέματα 1. Introductory approach: conceptσχεδιασμού ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), εκπαίδευσης έχειheritage η ancient Γενική Διεύθυνσή Δημόσιας και ANTISTHENIS, the Greek philosopher, (444 BCΔιοίκησης -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Δημοσίου Μάνατζμεντ. Η εκπαίδευση παρέχεται από 29 φορείς-the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term σχολές και ινστιτούτα, οι οποίες in είναι αποκεντρωμένες δημόσιες 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and υπηρεσίες και έχουν σαν στόχο την παροχή αρχικής προεισαγωγικής gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social εισαγωγικής groups, usually κατάρτισης of low-income και and the placement there of artists, κατάρτισης, επιμόρφωσης. Κεντρική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of θέση κατέχει of η ΕΝΑ (ecole restaurants, nationaledetc. administration) που εδρεύει στο the operation art galleries, However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof 1. consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the whatever other Στρασβούργο potential relative speculation). potential relative TheΣτο term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and από it refers Βέλγιο,speculation). οι εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες προκύπτουν μέσα τονto The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor συνδυασμό τωνthem, υπηρεσιακών αναγκών τωνproperty προτεραιοτήτων για the then observed trend wealthy peopleκαι to there buy in poor areas London, upgrade stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are προσωπική σταδιοδρομία. Σημαντικό ρόλο έχουν τα συνδικάτα όσο being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αφορά την διαδικασία ανίχνευσης των εκπαιδευτικών αναγκών και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major την διαμόρφωση των προγραμμάτων εκπαίδευσης. Εργαλεία GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. ανίχνευσης των εκπαιδευτικών αναγκών αποτελούν προσωπικές Since then, the issue has several scholarsοι and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the 2. συνεντεύξεις προϊσταμένου –υφισταμένου comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Η παροχή των εκπαιδευτικών προγραμμάτων απευθύνεται interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups κυρίως σεtoυψηλόβαθμα καιforεπικεντρώνονται to “return” the city, leavingστελέχη the purlieus several reasons: highκυρίως costs in στην money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ανάπτυξη γνώσεων. Είναι περιγραφικά και έχουν σαν στόχο στην termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she madeπεριβάλλοντος her first studies. In 1932 she published study entitled: κατανόηση του δράσης. θα city”, πρέπει να services of health, education, entertainment “at theΕπίσης heartan ofimportant the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for
lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies 1 and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where Τσέκος, Θ., (2004): Η phenomenon Επαγγελματική τωνteacher Δημοσίων in According 1943Πασσάς, she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became in the to Α., another approach, the isΕκπαίδευση due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and Υπαλλήλων, Ευρωπαϊκή και Ελληνική Εμπειρία. Ινστιτούτο Εργασίας ΓΣΕΕ ΑΔΕΔΥ, σελ. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 110. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 2 Πασσάς, Τσέκος, Θ.,Abstract. (2004): Ό.π., σελ.“assisted”, 126. G.Α., ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
τονίσουμε ότι πολλά από τα εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα προσφέρονται ανταποδοτικά, με υψηλό κόστος για τους εργαζόμενους το οποίο πολλές φορές καλύπτεται από τις υπηρεσίες τους. Στη Γερμανία, κεντρικός φορέας εκπαίδευσης είναι η By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ομοσπονδιακή Ακαδημία Δημόσιας Διοίκησης (Bundesakademie fur Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Offentliche Verwaltung) η οποίαByαποτελεί υπηρεσία του Υπουργείου Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Εσωτερικών και επικεντρώνεται σε θεματικά οριζόντια δημιουργικού Student of the School of Architecture Technical of Crete χαρακτήρα προγράμματα. Η συμμετοχή σε αυτά είναιUniversity απαραίτητη 1. Introductory Defining concept σε ανώτερες θέσεις. Η προϋπόθεση για approach: την προαγωγή τωνthe υπαλλήλων 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, Ομοσπονδιακή Ακαδημία σεGreek συνεργασία με τα αντίστοιχα τμήματα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the εκπαίδευσης και heritage επιμόρφωσης των υπουργείωνa great διενεργεί ετήσιαthe among other wise leftthe us, he established acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with για theindefinition the content of concepts. έρευνα ερωτηματολογίου την ανάδειξη των εκπαιδευτικών Based,μέσω therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification αναγκών και(and τονurban την gentrification) δημιουργία is των κατάλληλων εκπαιδευτικών 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various προγραμμάτων (Πασσάς, Τσέκος, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of 2004). a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Ακολούθως, στην Ιταλία κύριο γιαthis τον συντονισμό των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.λόγο However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the δράσεων εκπαίδευσης προσωπικού έχει το Υπουργείο Δημόσιας of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Διοίκησης μέσω του γραφείου προσωπικού. ανίχνευση potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found εκπαίδευσης at first in the UK in early 1960sΗand it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and refersofto τωνthen αναγκών εκπαίδευσης είναι πλήρως καιitareas χωρίς the observed trend ofiswealthy to αποκεντρωμένη buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof ενιαία upgrade μεθοδολογία. Τα γραφεία διαχείρισης εκπαιδευτικών London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. προγραμμάτων των Υπουργείων είναι αυτά που διαμορφώνου το being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth σχεδιασμό των εκπαιδευτικών δράσεων. Οι κύριοι φορείς υλοποίησης GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αυτών δράσεων είναι Ιταλική Σχολή Δημόσιας Διοίκησης και το cities inτων Western countries, byη other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Κέντρο Μελετών. Το Υπουργείο Οικονομικών Since Εκπαίδευσης then, the issue και has several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon the following: παρεμβαίνει of μόνο σε θέματαof gentrification, χρηματοδότησης της εκπαίδευσης interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon (Πασσάς, Τσέκος, 2004). is due to a trend of a new category of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Στην Ισπανία εκπαιδευτικής πολιτικής στη and time to travel fromοι theκεντρικοί purlieus toφορείς downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town Δημόσιας centres, for Δημόσια Διοίκηση είναι τοresidencies Εθνικό Ινστιτούτο Διοίκησης Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofΝΠ health, entertainment “at the of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous Δημόσιας (ΙΝΑΡ), το education, οποίο εποπτεύεται από τοheart Υπουργείο lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, Διοίκησης, η Γενική Επιτροπή Συνεχιζόμενης Εκπαίδευσης με in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal by organized groups, manufacturers, brokersκαι of buying συμμετοχή των effort συνδικάτων, η Διπλωματική Ακαδημία το her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ινστιτούτο Φορολογικών σπουδών. Και στην περίπτωση της Ισπανίας G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
χρησιμοποιούνται ερωτηματολόγια για την ανίχνευση των εκπαιδευτικών αναγκών, τα αποτελέσματα των οποίων συνδέονται με την στρατηγική κατεύθυνσης του Υπουργείου3. Στην Ιρλανδία, το κύριο ρόλο διαμόρφωσης εκπαιδευτικής στρατηγικής παίζει το Κέντρο Μάνατζμεντ και Οργανωτικής Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ανάπτυξης (CMOD). Μέσα By από τις μεθόδους ανίχνευσης Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, εκπαιδευτικών αναγκών οι οποίες ποικίλουν (συνεντεύξεις, ετήσιες By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αξιολογήσεις), προτείνει στα επιμέρους υπουργεία μεθοδολογίες Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete επιμόρφωσης των υπαλλήλων τους. Τα υπουργεία διαθέτουν δικό 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept τους προϋπολογισμό και αυτά απόtheμόνα τους προγραμματίζουν την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BCστην - 370 προσφορά BC, Athens), εκπαίδευση των υπαλλήλων τους.philosopher, Σημαντικό (444 ρόλο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the εκπαιδευτικών υπηρεσιών διαδραματίζει και το Ινστιτούτο Δημόσιας among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the 4. the content of concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition Διοίκησης, ένα νομικό επιδοτούμενο πρόσωπο Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) indicated (in of Planning) (or gentrification Στην Δανία, η Σχολή Δημόσιας is Διοίκησης καιthe τοarea Κέντρο Τοπικής 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Αυτοδιοίκησης αποτελούν τουςof aκύριους φορείς εκπαίδευσης των Sociology as well), as the “refining” city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, δημοσίων υπαλλήλων τηςrestaurants, χώρας. Το Υπουργείο Οικονομικών μαζί μεof the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”,there regardless the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof την Ένωση Φορέων Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης και το Κέντρο Ανάπτυξης whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων και Μάνατζμεντ Ποιότητας παράλληλα τηνto potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itμε refers The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto συμμετοχή εκπροσώπων εργαζομένων υλοποιούν το the then observed trend ofisτων wealthy to buy property in πρόγραμμα poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusτο old residents areof ανίχνευσης εκπαιδευτικών αναγκών και καταρτίζουν συνολικό London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στρατηγικό σχεδιασμό για την εκπαίδευση. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΤα description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofεπίπεδο Sociologist Ruth παρεμβαίνουν τόσο στο στρατηγικό GLASS atσυνδικάτα the same while similar in otherμέσα major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. από μια συμφωνία πλαίσιο με το Υπουργείο Οικονομικών όσο και στο cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more επιμέρους επίπεδο κάθεhas υπηρεσίας εξειδικεύοντας τιςfrom εκπαιδευτικές Since then, the issue several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: ανάγκες. Τα προγράμματα τωνofφορέων εκπαίδευσης προσφέρονται interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In aαπό sense,το the Κράτος phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category social groups είτε μέσω χρηματοδότησης από τοofΥπουργείο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Οικονομικών, μέσω της toελεύθερης στα πλαίσια του and time to travelπείτε from the purlieus downtown, αγοράς where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ανταγωνισμού. Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofεκπαίδευση the city”,movements (possibly) YouthΤέλος Unemployment. The same year she left and after continuous στη Μεγάλη Βρετανία, ο Germany βασικό φορέας είναι for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, το Κέντρο Μάνατζμεντ και Δημόσιας forin in According 1943 she Σπουδών published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In Πολιτικής 1950 sheto became teacher the to another approach, the is due a(Centre systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 3 Πασσάς, Α., Τσέκος, Θ.,Abstract. (2004): Ό.π., σελ. 131. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 4
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Management Policy Studies - CMPS), ο GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types and of Intervention, οποίος αντικατέστησε το Κολέγιο Δημόσιας Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Υπηρεσίας (Civil Service College). Από το 1997 Concerns και μετά λειτουργεί ως Δημόσια Υπηρεσία και
αποτελεί μία από τις μονάδες της Γραμματείας By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS της Κυβέρνησης. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Τα By Mr.παρεχόμενα προγράμματα George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect καθορίζονται από ofτις Κυβερνητικές Student the School of Architecture Technical University ofτης Crete προτεραιότητες και τις κατευθύνσεις Διοικητικής μεταρρύθμισης. Το εκπαιδευτικό 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πρόγραμμα το κάθεBC - 370 εργαζόμενου ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), διαμορφώνεται από το συνδυασμό των among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. υπηρεσιακών αναγκών με τις ατομικές τουthe acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, ifόσο not final, approach, the την term προτεραιότητες αφορά 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning)term 1 (and urbanεπαγγελματική τουtheσταδιοδρομία. gentrification gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Το Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, removal (in CMPS various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various μέσα από τις παραλλαγές των παρεχόμενων ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of στα artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of προγραμμάτων του στοχεύει κυρίως the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the ανώτερα ιεραρχικά στρέμματα της whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative δημοσιοϋπαλληλίας. τουςandείναι potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UKΣτόχος in early 1960s it refersηto The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first the UK in earlyκαθώς 1960s and itareas refers ανάπτυξη τωνin δεξιοτήτων και τωνofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayικανοτήτων themselves sometimes there and old residentsΟι areof αντίδρασης καιthusχειρισμού. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εκπαιδευτικές μέθοδοι δίνουν έμφαση στην being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth συμμετοχή αξιοποιούνται οιin other τεχνικές A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is και included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major μάθησης με βάση την εμπειρία. Τα cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and its more εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα σε for μερικές Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from περιπτώσεις παρέχονται δωρεάν, στις comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: πλείστες ofόμως των περιπτώσεων παρέχοντα interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ανταποδοτικά με τις υπηρεσίες των to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money να καλύπτουν το place υψηλός κόστος and time to travel from theεργαζομένων purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in 5 sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better τους (Πασσάς, Τσέκος, 2004). Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 5 Άλλα θέματα βλ.etc., σε for Τεύχη της ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ ΑΠΟΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗΣ, ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ and selling real estate, theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΑΥΤΟΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΦΕΡΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Epitheorisi-athanasopoulos.webnode.gr
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