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H Ευρωπαικὴ Ενωση και Και οι άλλοι; GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofεμεὶς! Intervention, Definition, ofκ. intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Του Θεοδώρ. Α.ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ Διδάκτ. Οικονομικών και Κοινωνικών Επιστημών Concerns του Πανεπιστημίου του Αμβούργου
Πτυχ. Οικ. Επιστ. Ε.Κ.Π.Α.,
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Επισκ. Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκληρώσεως Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Παν/μίου Βόννης, π. Στελέχους της Ε.Ε. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture (“…the unity of the Community in the world is essential to the prosperity Technical University of Crete
and wellbeing of European people, including British people.” 1. Introductory approach: Defining theMichael conceptButler, London 1986.)1 EUROPE, more than a Continent, by Sir 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage heστις left us, established a2017 great the H EEwise εορτὰζοντας 25he Μαρτὶου του την επὲτειο among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. των 60 χρὸνων απὸ την ιδρυτικὴ της Συνθὴκη στη Ρὼμη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term διακὺρηξε μεταξὺ αλλων την δὲσμευση «Επιθυμοὺμε μιαterm 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if ὸτι notthe final, approach, the urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Ένωση όπου οι πολὶτες της θὰ εχουν νὲες ευκαιρὶες για (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πολιτιστικὴ καιasκοινωνικὴ ανὰπτυξη και οικονομικὴ μεγέθυνση». Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city area, from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Πὸσο ρεαλιστικὴ και υλοποιὴσιμη φαὶνεται η επιδὶωξη αυτὴ σε the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless ένα ομιχλὼδες περιβὰλλονhas, συνεχὼν καιofπροκλὴσεων; whatever other consequences resultsκρὶσεων also rising land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,όταν results also rising Έκθεση-Συνὲδριο of land prices (and the potential relative Φαίνεται ότι ήταν χθες στην μεγὰλη potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early it refers «Leben und Arbeit in der Markwirkwirtschaft 1960s μετ. and Ζωὴ και to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto theΕργασὶα then observed trend of to buy property in poor στην Οικονομὶα της Αγορὰς «μὲ τον γενικὸ τὶτλο the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus residents areof ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ’ 93 στὸ Leipzig sometimes (Λειψία) «εμείς» οι old «δυτικοὶ», London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. προσπαθούσαμε να (επι) δείξουμε στους «συμπολίτες μας being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ανατολικοὺς «από πρώην Λαικὴ Δημοκρατὶα Γερμανὶας A description ofperiod, this την phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workτης of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major (DDR) και τις άλλες χὼρες της Ανατολικὴς Ευρὼπης την cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Ευρωπαϊκή «μας» επὶτευγμα πράγματι υποδειγματικής Since then, the issueΕνωση, has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from εθελούσιας συνεργασίας . comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the gentrification, the της following: «Εμείς», οιphenomenon νεόκοποι ofπολίτες της ΕΕ Συνθήκης του interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, theαπὸ phenomenon due to μέλη a trendμε of τα a new of social groups Μάαστριχτ τα τότε isκράτη νέαcategory bordeau κὸκκινα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money διαβατήρια, «εμείς» που μὲσα πια στη νεοσυσταθείσα ευρωπαϊκή and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εσωτερική αγορά μὲ τις τέσσερις ελευθερίες της ονειρευόμασταν termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 1 Sircost Michael Butler,Διακεκριμὲνος Βρεταννὸς Διπλωμὰτης με εξαιρετικὴ lower living of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, εμπειρὶα στα Ευρωπαικὰ θεματα.the Διετὲλεσε Αντιπρὸσωπος τουin in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning.Μὸνιμος In 1950 she teacher the to another approach, phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and Ηνωμὲνου Βασιλεὶου στις Ευρωπαικὲς Κοινὸτητες (ΕΟΚ) στὶς Βρυξὲλλες από το long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her workμεχρι are characterized a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1979 τὸestate, 1985. byfor and selling real theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS etc., SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
μια νέα ευρωπαϊκή πραγματικότητα της αλληλεγγύης και της ειρήνης, χωρίς ανισότητες και φόβους. 25 χρὸνια μετὰ, σὴμερα, οι Βρετανοὶ μετὰ απὸ ένα «οριακὸ» δημοψήφισμα ετοιμάζονται να κατεβούν απὸ το τρὲνο της ΕΕ καὶ να κολυμπήσουν στον ακόμη αχαρτογράφητο «ωκεανό του BREXIT», ενὼ η εσωτερική αγορὰ ανακάμπτει καὶ το ΕΥΡΩ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS σταθεροποιείται σε πείσμα των διαφόρων κρὶσεων. Ταυτὸχρονα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, οι υπὸλοιποι «27» καλοὺνται να επισπεὺσουν συντονισμὲνα. Να By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect αποφασὶσουν δηλαδή σὺντομα γιαStudent «περισσὸτερη Ευρὼπη» of the School of Architecture τακτοποιὼντας τις τραπεζικὲς και δημοσιονομικὲς ελλεὶψεις τους Technical University of Crete καὶ ενισχὺοντας ετσι τις οικονομὶες τους να καταστὴσουν την 1. Introductory approach: the concept καινοτομὶα την αὺξησηDefining της παραγωγικὸτητας τις παραγωγικὲς 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, επενδὺσεις κοινὸ τὸπο. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great Τα θεσμικά Οργανα (ΝΑΤΟ, ΗΕ, ΔΝΤ, ΠΟΕ, ΕΟΚ,370 ΕΕ…) πουthe among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. δημιουργήθηκαν μετά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο για acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term υπερεθνική σταθεροποίηση, βελτίωση τουifβιοτικοὺ επιπὲδου καιterm 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 εκδημοκρατισμὸ των κοινωνιών με σεβασμὸ στα gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in the areaανθρώπινα of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various δικαιὼματα αντιμετωπίζουν τώρα εντελώς νέες προκλήσεις Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of βὲβαια social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, χωρὶς να εὶναι σε θὲση ναetc. αποτρὲψουν πάντα οικονομικὲς the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising prices (and theof ασσυμετρὶες και κοινωνικὲς εντὰσεις στηνof land σχεδὸν «χωρὶς whatever other consequences potential relative speculation). σὺνορα» συμβίωση μας. has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in theοικονομὶας UK in early 1960s and it refers to Η συνεχιζόμενηis found ψηφιοποίηση και κοινωνὶας The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto theμὲσω then observed trend of to buy property in poor τὴς “IT revolution”, η παγκοσμιοποίηση του εμπορίου μεareas τις the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof δικὲς της ιδιορρυθμίες π.χ. πρὸσφατη συμπεριφορὰ των ΗΠΑ στις London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. διεθνεὶς εμπορικὲς σχὲσεις, οιisκίνδυνοι της αλλαγής, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in theκλιματικής work of Sociologist Ruth αλλά και η τρομοκρατία, η ξενοφοβὶα καθὼς και τα «στενά εθνικά A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συμφέροντα «εξακολουθούν να αποπροσανατολίζουν τους cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byπολίτες. other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars for its more απλούς ευρωπαίους Αυτό γίνεται με and γραπτὸ η Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various προφορικὸ λὸγο επικοινωνὶας σε μια διαφορετική ομάδα «27+1»more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, following: κρατών μελὼν σε 24 επὶσημες γλώσσες,the τρία αλφάβητα και interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups περισσότερες από 70 ζωντανές περιφερειακές ή μειονοτικές to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money γλώσσες. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Οι κοινὲς ευρωπαικὲς αποφάσεις εὶτε centres, μεRuth αποκλειστικὴ term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town search Berlin, where she madeείτε her firstμε studies. In 1932 she published anμε important study entitled: αρμοδιότητα, συντρέχουσα, είτε επικουρικὴ services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for λαμβάνονται ταLondon τρὶα βασικά καιshe ανεξάρτητα μεταξὺ lower living cost of, κυρὶως “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva,απὸ Prague, and car Neweasier York came to back to London, in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the τους όργανα τηνstudies Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπὴ που προτεὶνει to another approach, the is due a νομοθεσὶα, systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying το Συμβοὺλιο της ΕΕ, εκπρὸσωπο των εθνικὼν Κυβερνὴσεων her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: καθὼς και τοetc., Ευρωπαικὸ Κοινοβοὺλιο, εκπρόσωπο τὼν G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ευρωπαίων πολιτών και των εθνικών κομμάτων που 252125 11
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns
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συναποφασίζουν. Είναι οι Θεσμοὶ αυτοί και οι αποφὰσεις τους που έχουν μεταλλάξει ήδη την Ευρώπη καθιστώντας την «κάτι περισσότερο από μια απλή γεωγραφική ήπειρο». Αξὶζει να σημειωθεί δὲ ότι ακριβώς αυτά τα εθνικά κόμματα πάνω από 200, αριθμὸς δηλαδὴ δυσανὰλογος με τους οκτώ 8(!) ευρωπαϊκοὺς σχηματισμούς κομμὰτων του Ευρωπαϊκού By Mr.για George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Κοινοβουλίου των 751 βουλευτών 510 περὶπου εκατομμύρια Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πολίτες δημιουργούν μια πρόσθετη εικὸνα ασάφειας των By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect καταστάσεων και εξελὶξεων απὸ τουςStudent πολὶτες. Αρα, ο κοινωνικὸς of the School of Architecture ορισμός του «εμείς» αποτελεὶ ένα πραγματικάTechnical σισύφειο έργο - of (!): University Crete τη στιγμή δηλαδὴ κατά την οποία το «εμείς» φαίνεται απτὸ και 1. Introductory approach:εμφανίζεται Defining the concept σαφώς κατανοητό, ενας «άλλος» που εὶναι 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, διαφορετικός η και αντὶπαλος, χωρὶς να έχει σημασία αν είναι ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherπολίτης wise heritage us, he established a great the γηγενής της ΕΕheή left εκούσιος ή αναγκαστικός μετανάστης, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. πρόσφυγας η «παρεμβαίνων απόthe τρίτες χώρες η απὸ acquisition of knowledge starts withπαράγων» theindefinition content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term άλλες 1 (and urban Based,ηπείρους. therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 τα Έτσι προσωπικά και κοινωνικά συμφέροντά του μὲσου gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various πολὶτη δεν μπορούν πλέον να προσαρμοστούν εύκολα στις Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofπολιτικές low-income and οικονομικές thethis placement there of artists, συνεχώς μεταβαλλόμενες και συνθήκες. the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results of land prices (and theof Αυτό το δεδομὲνο δημιουργεὶ ανὰγκηalso γιαrising δημιουργία «συνὸρων» whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (and the potential speculation). ακὸμηrelative και εκεὶ που δεν μπορεὶ να υπάρχουν πλέον. Μιαprices μοναδική potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers ως εκ τοὺτου ευκαιρία για τους κριτικούς συστημάτων, τα ΜΜΕ, to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto theτους then observed trendτους ofiswealthy to buy property in poor δημαγωγούς, λαϊκιστές, τους χαοτικούς και «άλλους» the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof διαμορφωτὲς κοινὴς γνώμης ...., sometimes there and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves being indirectly “squeezed”. Υπάρχει μιας νέας πανευρωπαϊκής συνείδησης που being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofέλλειψη this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth οφεὶλεται εν πολλοίς και στην έλλειψη καλλιέργειας της A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in otherστα major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major διάφορα «εθνικώς» καθοριζὸμενα εκπαιδευτικά συστήματα των cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more κρατών μελών. Η συνειδητοποίηση του «εμείς» τωνand ανθρώπων Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from various που ζουν στην ΕΕ, οι οποίοι είναι προνομιούχοι αλλά τωνthe οποίων comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenonαπό of gentrification, following: οι ορίζοντες απειλούνται κινδύνους. the Εκτός από το «κοινό interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, theμας phenomenon is dueοι to κοινές a trend of a new category groups οικονομικό επίτευγμα», μας αξίες, όπωςofηsocial Ειρήνη to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money (το βραβεὶο NOBEL για την Ειρὴνη απενεμὴθη το 2012 στους and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ευρωπαικοὺς )και ηRuth δημοκρατία, η ελεύθερη προσωπική 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety theΘεσμοὺς distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made herτομέα first studies. In 1932 she published anίσων important study entitled: ανάπτυξη σε έναν ασφάλειας δικαίου και ευκαιριών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for τίθενται σε δοκιμασία. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher the Άρα ο Διάλογος για το the μέλλον πρὲπει να είναι καιin to another approach, is due aδιαρκὴς systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying κυρὶωςinformal να effort στοχεὺει στην ενδυνὰμωση και στην ευελιξία her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προσαρμογής των κοινωνιών της ΕΕ και της «εξωστρεφοὺς» G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Οικονομίας της. Η ευκαιρὶα των προσεχὼν Ευρωεκλογων τον
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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Μάιο του 2019 πρὲπει να αποτελὲσει σοβαρὸ κίνητρο για έναν Concerns τέτοιο δημιουργικὸ διὰλογο χωρὶς προκαταλὴψεις ενός
πολυεπιπὲδου διαλὸγου και ενεργοποίησης του ευρωπαὶου By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS πολὶτη προκειμὲνου να «κατανοηθούν» και ναC.γίνουν αποδεκτοί Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, οι επιδιωκόμενοι στὸχοι και επιλογὲς ακολουθητὲων πολιτικὼν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect που προτείνονται απὸ τους ευρωπαϊκούς θεσμούς για τοofμελλον Student of the School Architecture της ΕΕ. Technical University of Crete Οι διαχωρισμοὶ και οι αποκλεισμοὶ «των άλλων» που 1. Introductory σε approach: Defining τὴς the concept υποβόσκουν κάθε έκφανση κοινωνικὴς διάστασης έχουν 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, εν κατακλεὶδι το φὶλτρο της αλληλεγγὺης καὶ της συνεργασὶας, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great το σπουδαιὸτερο επίτευγμα του ευρωπαικοὺ οικοδομὴματος, ωςthe among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the αποτρεπτικό καταλὺτη. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Πυξὶδα στο ομιχλὼδες αυτό περιβὰλλον είναι το αξιακὸ 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term (or gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) 1 (and σύστημα της ΕΕ του «σεβασμού του άλλου «και των ανθρωπὶνων gentrification urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various δικαιωμὰτων του όπως το διατυπὼνει σαφὲστατα το προοὶμιο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of ισχὺουσας social groups, usually low-income and the placement there of artists, τὴς απὸ το of2009 Συνθὴκης τὴς Λισαβόνας. Τὴς the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherαυτὴς consequences has, results also rising land prices Συνθὴκης πού εδωσε για πρὼτη φορὰofστην πορεὶα(and τηςtheof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, also rising of land prices potential relative Ευρωπαικὴς Ολοκλὴρωσης τὴνresults δυνατὸτητα σε Κρὰτος Μὲλος(and να the potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αποχωρὴσει, εφὸσουνis found το επιθυμεὶ, με συγκεκριμὲνη διαδικαςὶα The term gentrification first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of wealthyatpeople to buy property in poor (άρθρο 50 ΣτΛ) trend απὸ τὴν wealthy ΕΕ, δηλαδὴ να γὶνει the then observed people to there buy«άλλος» property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Κι αυτὸ είναι ισως το πιο ελκυστικὸ στοιχεὶο του «εμείς». London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”.
being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Βιβλιογραφικὲς παραπομπὲς: cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars Οικονομὶα and for its more Aθανασὸπουλος, preoccupied Κων/νος, ΓΕ., Η Ελληνικὴ :η Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars for various comprehensive approach are being summarized from δημοσιονομικὴ αρετὴ καὶ το διακὺβευμα εν σχὲσει and με the τα its νὲαmore comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thebelow, following: μὲτρα «διάσωσης» της βλ.σ.1ofκ.ε.ΕΑΤΑΠΑ ,Τ.αρ.65,Αθὴνα (2011) interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new category of social groups Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπὴ, Έγγραφο Προβληματισμού για την to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money διάσταση της Ευρὼπης COM(2017)206, 26/7/2017 andκοινωνική time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the www.europa.eu termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 published an important study entitled: Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπὴ, Η ΕΕ και she Εγὼ, Βρυξέλλες 2017 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Kαλλιάνος, Θεὸδωρος Α.London 30+…Steps for she Europe/Βήματα για lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, and car Neweasier York came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and την Ευρώπη,σ. 189 κ.ε.Αθὴνα 2011 University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-termKαλλιάνος, informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of την buying ΕΕ:SeeΑνακάμπτοντας απὸ her work are characterizedΘεὸδωρος by a passion forΑ, justice. also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: οικονομική κρὶση και η αντίστροφη μέτρηση του BREXIT βλ.σ.13 in G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in orderΑθὴνα to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually κ.ε. ΕΑΤΑΠΑ ,Τ.αρ.90, (2017)
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