E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofηIntervention, Δυσχερής απάντηση στην τρέχουσα γενικευμένη κρίση Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ConcernsΤου κ. Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑ
Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης και Αντιπρύτανη Εθνικού C. καιATHANASOPOULOS Καποδιστριακού By Mr.του George-Sp. Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,
By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture που διέρχεται η χώρα μας έχει Technical University of Crete
Η κρίση προφανώς πολλαπλές εκφράσεις και περιλαμβάνει το σύνολο σχεδόν των the πτυχών της δημόσιας ζωής. Κρίση 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πρωτίστως οικονομική με υπόβαθρο κρίση ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - αξιακό, 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), κοινωνική, με left συνέπειες οδυνηρές για το σύνολο σχεδόν among other wise heritage he us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise left us,definition he established aμεgreat acquisition of knowledge startshe with the of the content of“principle”: concepts. τωνheritage πολιτών, κρίση πολιτική, την αδυναμίαthe acquisition of knowledge starts with the content ofσεconcepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term συνεννόησης τωνtheπολιτικών δυνάμεων κρίσιμα 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification θέματα και το χειρότερο κρίση εμπιστοσύνης τωνthe νέων 1 (and gentrification urban gentrification) isarea, indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal (in various στις δυνατότητες και τις προοπτικές της χώρας μας, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, πράγμα που τους οδηγεί στην αυξανόμενη φυγή στοof ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless the operation ofεξωτερικό. art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof Αυτές οι πολλαπλές εκφράσεις της κρίσης whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). συνεκδηλώνονται με την πλέον αντίληψη ότιto The term gentrification is found at first in theδιάχυτη UK in early 1960s and it refers The term gentrification found atpeople first inκάτι the UK earlyθέση 1960s and it refersofto the then observed ofiswealthy to buy property in poor areas δενtrend μπορεί να γεννηθεί νέοin στη του παλιού the then observed trend wealthy people to buy inναpoor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof που πεθαίνει καθημερινά, ότιthere δενproperty μπορεί γεννηθεί London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. μια νέα αναπτυξιακή δυναμική χωρίς τις παθογένειες being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon ηis οποία includedθα in δώσει the work of Sociologist Ruth του παρελθόντος, θετική προοπτική A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major στους έλληνες πολίτες και ιδίως were στους νέους. in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations recorded cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μεγάλες δυσκολίες το cities in Western countries, byαπό otherτις Researchers. Since then, the issueΜια has preoccupied several scholarsνα andγεννηθεί for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more νέο στη θέση του παλιού, είναι η σύγχυση στην comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized the various των βασικών εννοιών, όπως from οι έννοιες της interpretations ofκατανόηση the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: της αξιοπρέπειας, τουof social δημοσίου In a sense, theδημοκρατίας, phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new groups to “return” to theσυμφέροντος, city, leaving the της purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εργατικότητας, της αξιοκρατίας, του and time to travelπατριωτισμού from the purlieusκλπ. to downtown, where work is, lackστην of the Η σύγχυση αυτήplace οδηγεί termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ενός συνεκτικού Berlin, where she δυσκολία made her firstσυγκρότησης studies. In 1932 she published an important δημοσίου study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. Theστη same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for λόγου χώρα μας. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Αυτή η γενικευμένη αίσθηση των in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacherκαι in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a πολιτών systematic and University informal Collegeιδίως of London, where she ότι continued her socialμπορεί research.να Herγίνει public action των νέων, τίποτα δεν ναand long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofγια buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αναγεννηθεί ηCodepreciation χώρα σε όλους τους τομείς, αποτελεί τηin and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the initially of part of the urban web, 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εξέλιξη μετά από πολλά χρόνια(actually G. χειρότερη ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order δυνατή to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”,
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E¶.A¶. A¶.TO¶. TO¶.AYT. AYT.¶EP. ¶EP.AN. AN./ R.DEC. / R.DEC.ADM. ADM.LOC. LOC.DEV. DEV.REG. REG./ R. / R.DEC. DEC.LOC. LOC.GOV. GOV.REG. REG.DEV. DEV. E¶.
GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification οικονομικής και κοινωνικής δυσπραγίας, αφού έχει καταρρεύσει σχεδόν κάθε ελπίδα προόδου. Concerns Η πολιτική, επιχειρηματική και πνευματική
ηγεσία δείχνει δυστυχώς μεγάλη δυσκολία να βγάλει Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS τη χώρα από το αδιέξοδο και ναBy δώσει ένα νέο όραμα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, στους πολίτες της και κυρίως στους νέους. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Δεν φαίνεται να είναι ζήτημα μόνο πολιτικό ή Student of the School of Architecture οικονομικό, αλλά αντίθετα το πρόβλημα βρίσκεται στονUniversity of Crete Technical πυρήνα των βασικών αξιών και θεσμών που συγκροτούν Introductory approach: Defining the concept μια ριζική το 1.δημόσιο χώρο. Φαίνεται να χρειάζεται 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, αλλαγή σε θεσμούςthe και νοοτροπίες, μια νέα πνοή, πίστη ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the και ελπίδα ότι η χώρα μπορεί να ξεπεράσει τις σημερινές among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. της δυσκολίες. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Το μέγα ερώτημα είναι πώς θα 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aπραγματοποιηθεί first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 μια τέτοια αναγέννηση στη χώρα μας, με αφοσίωση gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in theστη areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from (in various δημοκρατία και στην ελευθερία. Ποιες πολιτικές και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, κοινωνικές, πνευματικές δυνάμεις the operation ofεπιχειρηματικές, art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other risingμεγάλης of land prices (and theof μπορούν να consequences σηκώσουν has, το results βάροςalsoτης whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative προσπάθειας; potential relative speculation). The term is found at first in theαφήγημα» UK in early που 1960s and it refers to Ποιοgentrification είναι το νέο όραμα, το «νέο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property θα τους έλληνες πολίτες καιtoκυρίως τουςininpoor theσυνεγείρει then observed trend wealthy people buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof νέους και θα them, δώσει πάλι τη διάθεση και London, upgrade stayκαι themselves sometimes there andτην thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πεποίθηση ότι μπορεί η χώρα μας isναincluded πάρει μια καλλίτερη being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon in the work of Sociologist Ruth θέση Ευρώπη καιphenomenon τον κόσμο, ανάλογη τις recorded υλικές Aστην description ofperiod, this is includedμε inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major και δυνάμεις που σήμερα διαθέτει και citiesπνευματικές in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,αναξιοποίητες; the issue has several scholars and for its more παραμένουν Since then, the issue has preoccupied scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Προφανώς δεν πρόκειται να γίνειseveral κάποιοbelow, θαύμα, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: ούτε να περιμένουμε να φανεί of κάποιος μεσσίας που θα interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon dueof toαπό a trend a new αναλάβει ναthe ξεκολλήσει τη isχώρα τιςofσημερινές της of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money δυσκολίες. Ο μόνος δρόμος είναι η κοινή προσπάθεια and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the όσων ηγεσιών καιdistributed όσων πολιτών ότιsearch termat comes from Sociologist Ruthαντιλαμβάνονται GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where να she made her first studies. In 1932 κατάσταση. she published an important study entitled: δεν μπορεί συνεχισθεί η σημερινή Έτσι, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μπορεί ναresearch προκύψει συνισταμένη των επιμέρους lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and Geneva,ηPrague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 sheκαι published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the κινήσεων δημιουργηθεί ένα ευρύτερο πολιτικό, toνα another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying κοινωνικό και πνευματικό κίνημα ανανέωσης στη χώρα her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μας σεedit. όλους τους τομείς του δημοσίου βίου. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually
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