The values, needs and realities of LGBT people in Canada in 2017

Page 1

THE VALUES, NEEDS AND REALITIES OF LGBT PEOPLE IN CANADA IN 2017 RESEARCH REPORT PREPARED FOR: FONDATION JASMIN ROY

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TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTEXT AND METHODOLOGY

3

KEY FINDINGS

10

COMMENTS ON INCIDENCE RATES AND ON SOME CORRELATIONS BETWEEN AGE, GENDER IDENTITY AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION

27

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND DISCLOSURE OF ONE’S SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND/OR GENDER IDENTITY

34

PERCEIVED SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE

140

FEELING OF INTEGRATION INTO THE LGBT ENVIRONMENT

175

IMPACT OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION OR GENDER IDENTITY ON PERSONAL WELLBEING AND ON CERTAIN LIFE CHOICES

197

THE LIFE REALITIES OF LGBT PEOPLE COMPARED TO HETEROSEXUAL CISGENDER INDIVIDUALS (WHEN APPLICABLE)

217

HAPPINESS, SOURCES OF ENTERTAINMENT, SOCIAL ACTIVITIES AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

218

ROMANTIC AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS

233

PROFESSIONAL LIFE AND CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOURS

255

BULLYING AND HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOURS

264

THE SOCIOCULTURAL VALUES OF THE LGBT POPULATION

CROP

275

2


Context and methodology REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

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Context Fondation Jasmin Roy commissioned CROP to conduct a study of the members of LGBT communities in Canada in order to take stock of their current realities as well as determine their specific values and needs. This project was made possible through the contributions of Québec’s Ministry of Justice under “The Fight Against Homophobia” program, of the Royal Bank of Canada, the City of Montreal, the Government of Canada, the Government of New Brunswick and the Government of Nova Scotia. The results of this research study will feed the reflections of the relevant organizations and various levels of government toward the implementation of action plans to better meet the needs of LGBT youth, promote social environments that are more positive, friendly and supportive of their difference, and pave the way to a smoother integration in the workplace. One of the overarching objectives of the survey was to identify the distinctive needs of the younger LGBT generation as well as those expressed by the various segments in this group (based on region, sexual orientation, gender identity, cultural background etc.). In addition, the survey included a separate section targeting heterosexual cisgender people, a phase of the study that served two objectives: Compare some of their behaviours, values and attitudes in life to those expressed by the members of LGBT communities – results detailed in this report Measure some of their perceptions of LGBT communities – results detailed in a separate report CROP

4


Methodology

Data collection The data collection operations were conducted from January 23rd to June 12th, 2017. A total of 2,697 questionnaires were completed online by Canadian respondents aged 15 years old and over, distributed as follows: 1,897 LGBT people 800 heterosexual cisgender individuals The LGBT population being hard to reach via traditional survey methods, we used several sources and approaches to ensure that we had large enough sample sizes to isolate its various sub-groups and compare their results based on age and region of residence: Web and social media advertising targeting a very wide range of interests (not LGBT specific) Web panel among the general population Snowball recruitment among Fondation Jasmin Roy’s network of LGBT partners as well as personal contacts of CROP employees; Posting of the survey on the Fondation’s Facebook page Invitation sent to LGBT organizations across Canada asking them to post our survey on their websites or Facebook pages Targeted Facebook advertising to 15-17 year-old followers of LGBT organizations CROP

5


Methodology

Because of the various sampling methods used, it is very likely that people who are yet to “come out” –particularly among the 15-17 year-old age group– are under-represented in the sample of LGBT respondents. Also, the breakdown by region in this sample was not proportional to the actual distribution of the Canadian population: while there was a marked overrepresentation of the province of Québec, some Western Canadian provinces were considerably under-represented (British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan). However, such distortions were corrected through sample weighting (see p. 9). The following tables illustrate our sample breakdown by region according to age of respondent and LGBT group. REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

Prairies

Alberta

British Columbia

15-17 y/o

380

23

107

137

19

52

42

18-24 y/o

779

76

212

316

33

81

61

25-34 y/o

296

16

155

61

6

44

14

35-44 y/o

177

5

104

35

7

20

6

45-54 y/o

139

6

79

30

4

14

6

55+ y/o

126

5

63

31

6

6

15

TOTAL

1897

131

720

610

75

217

144

CROP

6


Methodology

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

Prairies

Alberta

British Columbia

Homosexual

766

45

394

177

28

67

55

Bisexual

623

49

155

261

31

71

56

Pansexual

314

29

114

98

9

48

16

Asexual

116

6

29

47

5

17

12

Binary Trans

147

10

52

48

3

26

8

Non-binary Trans

157

13

37

58

4

30

15

Non-binary/ Genderfluid / Agender / Demigender

52

6

19

19

3

3

2

The questionnaire to the LGBT respondents was 40 minutes long. In order to ensure the validity of our survey results in the absence of any reliable means to control the integrity of respondent profiles across all sampling sources, no incentives were offered.

CROP

7


Methodology The sample of heterosexual cisgender respondents was obtained via web panel (Asking Canadians) by selecting the respondents who identified as: “A man” or “a woman” in the question about gender identify (which included other answer choices: Trans man; Trans woman; Non-binary trans individual; other) AND “Heterosexual” in the question on sexual orientation (which also included answer choices: homosexual, lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, asexual, other) The questionnaire length for the heterosexual cisgender portion of the study was of 15 minutes.

Note that in this web panel phase, all respondents who identified during data collection as “trans” or “other” in the question on gender identity, plus all those who answered “man” or “woman” but also identified as homosexual, lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, asexual or other in the question about sexual orientation were redirected to the main LGBT survey questionnaire.

Weighting of the samples The results from the heterosexual cisgender sample were weighted in order to reflect the actual distribution of the Canadian population 15+ years old, based on age, education and, for Quebec, mother tongue (source Statistics Canada).

CROP

8


Methodology

In the absence of exact official figures on LGBT demographics and as we wanted to compare results between the LGBT communities and the general population, we weighted our LGBT sample on the same basis as the sample of heterosexual cisgender individuals, i.e. we replicated the distributions of age, region and education that are found in the general Canadian population 15+ years of age (source Statistics Canada). Note that given the non-probabilistic nature of these samples, no margin of error calculations can be applied.

How to read the results It is possible that the sum of the results presented for some questions does not always equal 100% since we are using rounded percentages. The results written in blue or red font indicate that differences were observed between some sample sub-groups: Numbers in BLUE indicate that the relevant sub-group obtained a significantly higher result than other sub-groups Numbers in RED indicate that the relevant sub-group obtained a significantly lower result than other sub-groups.

CROP

9


Key findings REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

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Key findings Overall assessment of current perceptions in the community as a whole and main generational differences ▪

A population where identities (and possibly corresponding incidence rates) vary widely when viewed through the filters of age and gender:

✓ There are proportionally more pansexual, asexual and/or transgender or non-binary individuals among LGBT youth (most notably among 15-24 year-olds)

See pages 19 to 26 for a summary of findings by sexual orientation/gender identity and by region

p.29, 31

✓ A larger proportion of women identify as bisexual, pansexual or asexual ▪

Starting to question their gender identity and sexual orientation seems to begin earlier in life among the younger generation, resulting nowadays in a shorter coming out process (affirmation and reveal to others). Sexual orientation/gender identity is, on average, fairly well accepted within the various groups of relatives and friends, although younger people report a little more acceptance among their friends and coworkers than older generations. Still, a large proportion of respondents say they have to contend, at least occasionally, with some moments of unease in social surroundings, particularly in family settings.

CROP

p.43

p.76, 77, 84

11


Key findings ▪

Overall, reactions to the coming out announcement were not as negative as expected across all social environments, but especially in the workplace. The respondents seem to generally encounter less rejection than they feared among their family and friends.

p.116 à 119

Conversely, incomprehension and a certain form of denial (trying to convince the person that came out that it’s just a phase that will pass) are as, if not more prevalent than anticipated within the family circle and among friends. Also, respondents reported more frequent reactions of worry and even sadness among family members than expected. ▪

Regardless of their age group, LGBT members seem to find in their circle of friends the greatest source of support throughout the coming out process, whether it is an issue of gender identity or of sexual orientation: ✓ First circle told by the majority

p.50, 76, 84

✓ Sphere where the level of acceptance felt by the respondent is generally higher and where they detected the least discomfort in connection with their gender identity or sexual orientation

Having access to assertive LGBT models as well as supportive spaces where their reality is understood and accepted are the top two elements judged to be most beneficial in the self-affirmation and acceptance process.

CROP

p.123, 124

12


Key findings ▪

Also at the top of the key sources of support that are privileged by LGBT youth is the availability of a network of people who went through the same process (friends, acquaintances or organized groups) with whom they could exchange views either in person or via social media. Generally speaking, anything that could alleviate the feeling of isolation (“being alone in what they are going through”), or even of “being abnormal”, would be most welcome; an accurate media representation (TV, web) of sexual minorities would be most beneficial in this respect.

Despite the fact that more support resources seem to be available to young people nowadays, more than half of LGBT youth still deem them insufficient.

In general, however, the youngest LGBT groups think that efforts should be directed more toward encouraging openness to sexual diversity in society overall.

In fact, even if the LGBT community as a whole rated Canadian society as fairly open to sexual and gender diversity, their perception of such openmindedness is not wholehearted: less than 10% think it is “totally” open (scores 9 and 10 on a 10-point scale, where 1 means “not at all open” and 10 “totally open”), while 45% view Canadian society as “not very” or “not at all” open to sexual and gender diversity (scores 1 to 6).

CROP

p.120, 121

p.123, 120

p.128, 129

p.132, 133

p.141

13


Key findings ▪

Not surprisingly, millennials are perceived as being more open to sexual/gender diversity while baby boomers and older generations are seen as particularly close-minded, as are Canadians from rural areas. Consistently with these results, the LGBT community expressed reservations about Canadian society’s willingness to encourage the integration of LGBT individuals, as a majority of respondents judge it to be “fairly inclined” vs. only 17% that feel it is “very much“ inclined to do so. There is still work to be done then, especially that the rise of certain political parties with conservative agendas in some Western countries is clearly a source of worry. While the majority of respondents say their circle of friends is fairly diverse in terms of sexual orientation/gender identity, these sexual minorities’ own feelings of integration to Canadian society align with their perception of its relative openness, with less than half of them (44%) feeling “very integrated.” In fact, only a minority say they’re “very comfortable” showing affection to a partner of the same sex in public in a non-LGBT setting. In addition, even though things seem to have improved over time in terms of support resources, the level of discrimination shows no great signs of abating: regardless of their age, more than a third of respondents report having experienced discrimination related to their sexual orientation or gender identity; the workplace (for 25+ year-olds) and school (15-17 yearolds) being the environments where discrimination most often occurred.

CROP

p.141

p.142

p.149, 153

p.155, 156

14


Key findings ▪

The continued prevalence of bullying is a source of great concern: three quarters (75%) of LGBT respondents admit to having been victims of bullying, a proportion that much exceeds the number of heterosexual cisgender individuals who experienced it (45%). The school environment and public spaces are, by far, the places where LGBT members report having been most often bullied, with about six in ten respondents saying that they were bullied by someone at school and/or in a public venue. In turn, the work environment and family settings are not exempt of the phenomenon (about 3 out of 10 respondents) and, surprisingly, the LGBT community places 5th in the ranking of environments where intimidation occurred (two in ten respondents).

Still, school remains on the whole the “preserve” of bullying in its broadest sense as it markedly stands out as the place where bullying occurs most often when not specifically related to the sexual orientation or gender identity of the victim: 70% of LGBT respondents said they faced instances of intimidation not directly related to their sexual orientation or gender identity at school, and 64% of heterosexual cisgender respondents also named school as the setting where bullying occurred.

p.265

p.270

p.271

School environments are therefore a most suitable place to work on promoting tolerance and respect of diversity, but tackling the issue at its source with parallel awareness-raising in the general public would reinforce the notion of respecting other people’s differences as well as the wrongness of bullying, and trickle down naturally to the school level. CROP

15


Key findings â–Ş

In addition, the bullying phenomenon seems to have evolved over time, but not exactly in the direction one would expect: we find the largest proportions of respondents who were victims of bullying among the younger generations (under 34 years old), but the bullying was not, on average, as directly related to their sexual orientation or gender identity as it was for the older respondents.

p.266

This may be due to the fact that, with the evolution of mentalities and society’s greater openness to sexual diversity (however moderate it may be), the younger generations feel more free to express all aspects of their identity and personality than the older generations, for whom selfaffirmation and the disclosure of sexual identity or gender identity has come later in life, hence when they were no longer in school in most cases. However, by expressing themselves more freely, younger people are more often exposed to reactions of intolerance among their peers. Moreover, the fact that mentalities have progressed toward a greater acceptance of different sexual orientations and gender identities, or the fact that people are nowadays more aware that non-tolerant behaviours are proscribed, may be the reasons why bullying now targets other, more general reasons.

CROP

16


Key findings ▪

According to respondents, schools, the media and public institutions (particularly healthcare services) would have the most impact on making a difference toward a more LGBT-tolerant society.

p.162

In terms of LGBT representation in the media, we detect a clear perception of stereotyping: respondents plead for a more diverse representation of the community on all levels (age, origin, orientation, gender identity, “normal” behaviours etc.).

p.171

In fact, within the LGBT community itself, some work needs to be done to counter existing stereotypes as, according to a majority of respondents, some LGBTQ groups do tend to put labels on other LGBTQ groups. To this effect, note that the majority felt they were “rather well” (not “very well”) represented by the LGBT movement. Here again, the respondents plead for a more inclusive approach and a more diverse representation.

p.189, 180

It did not come as a surprise to find that being part of a sexual minority generally makes life a little more difficult: the majority of LGBT respondents report having experienced at one time or another some negative or depressive feelings in connection with their sexual orientation or gender identity; in addition, a larger proportion of LGBT respondents than of heterosexual cisgender individuals admit to engaging (or to having engaged) in high-risk behaviour, at least occasionally (drugs, alcohol, unprotected sex). However, only a minority of LGBT respondents think that their sexual orientation or gender identity has greatly hindered them in life: 17% believe that their life has been/will be made a lot more difficult because of it, and 2% to 7% think that it has a very negative impact on various aspects of their lives (health, finances, career, family life etc.).

CROP

p.208, 272, 273, 198, 202

17


Key findings ▪

In fact, LGBT respondents display, on average, an overall level of happiness in life that matches that of the heterosexual cisgender population, with one exception: the younger LGBT groups (15-24 years old) are a little less happy than their heterosexual cisgender counterparts.

p.219, 220

This may be partly explained by the fact that a larger proportion of the young people surveyed are still in the process of figuring out their sexual orientation/gender identity, and also by the fact that more people among the younger generations identify as pansexual, asexual, transgender or non-binary, orientations and identities that generally face more difficulties in life (see pages 19 to 23 for more details). ▪

In terms of values, four main axes distinguish the LGBT population from the average population: A great desire for personal fulfillment and authenticity that drives them to work at their wellbeing, value all the pleasures of life and find ways to express their “true” selves A more developed creativity than the average population, which makes them more apt to think outside-the-box and to adapt more easily to the world around them

p.276 à 279

A heightened social and environmental awareness that makes them more concerned about the environment in a global sense (people and planet) A fairly marked disengagement from traditional family values

CROP

18


Key findings ▪

The expression of these values is particularly noticeable in their choice of personal activities that are more focused on friends and culture than the average heterosexual cisgender individual, in the fact that they tend to support a wider variety of social causes and to do it more often, adopt a dress style that is their own, with little to do with fashion trends, and manifest less desire to get married and have children.

p.221, 222, 229, 231, 262, 244, 247

Specificities according to sexual orientation and gender identity ▪

Our study results distinctly show that some LGBT groups face more of a struggle than others, and have needs that are different from those expressed, on average, by the community: these are mainly transgender (and/or non-binary) individuals and asexual people.

Transgender and/or non-binary people generally face much more negative reactions from the people around them when they come out of the closet: rift, rejection, incomprehension, denial, attempts to convince them that it’s just a phase etc.

They don’t feel as listened to and supported by their family as other LGBT groups (about half of transgender binary individuals don’t feel that their close family really listened to them or supported them when they came out, a proportion that ratchets up to two-thirds among the non-binary transgender group); Also compared to other LGBT groups, they feel less accepted in their work and/or school environment and have more often the impression that their gender identity creates uneasiness among the people around them. CROP

p.95, 99, 103, 106, 110, 114

p.90, 80, 86

19


Key findings Transgender and/or non-binary individuals feel markedly less integrated to society than LGBT cisgender respondents: only about a quarter of them feel very integrated to Canadian society against about half of LGBT cisgender respondents, and nearly two-thirds of them report having been victim of discrimination (vs. about a third of LGBT cisgender individuals).

A majority advocate for initiatives within the population that show how gender identity is not as clear-cut as most people believe (gender biologically determined at birth, concept of non-binarism, understanding that one can be a transgender person without necessarily undergoing surgery).

p.151, 156

p.168

This group also express a clear need for specialized resources that are adequately trained to understand their needs, specifically when it comes to healthcare and educational services. In addition, they feel that the representation of transgender and/or non-binary people in the media is far from being up to par.

p.135, 136, 173

Transgender and/or non-binary respondents have a much greater feeling of belonging to the LGBT community than LGBT cisgender people, even if a certain degree of incomprehension, even of contempt toward transgender and/or non binary people still makes itself felt within the community.

p.178, 195

CROP

20


Key findings Compared to LGBT cisgender individuals, transgender and/or non-binary people consider in greater proportions that their gender identity has made life more difficult for them than for people who are not part of a sexual minority: this feeling is more markedly expressed by binary transgender respondents, 46% of whom said that it has made their lives a lot more difficult. ▪

Pansexual respondents, who identified in half the cases as transgender and/or non-binary, tended to follow the same trends as the previous group, but with less intensity.

Asexual respondents also have a hard time coping with society’s perception of their lack of sexuality: it is within this group that we measure the highest levels of worry at not being understood, accepted for what they are, or at being mocked. And the reality is that asexual people are one of the LGBT groups that are most often faced with reactions of incomprehension when they tell the people around them. Asexual respondents are the LGBT segment that most often felt strongly relieved at learning during the coming out process that their lack of sexual desire is not a sickness. For asexual people, it is critically important to have more information available on their specific sexual orientation and to have access to professionals who are specially trained to assist them – namely in health care and education.

CROP

p.200

p.57, 62, 67, 72, 95, 99

p.125, 135

21


Key findings

â–Ş

It is in fact among asexual people that we measure the weakest feeling of integration to Canadian society (20% do not feel integrated at all vs. 2% on average in the LGBT community). However, unlike the transgender segment, asexual respondents also do not really feel that they belong in the LGBT movement (34% say they don’t belong at all vs. 7% for the community average).

p.151, 178

The incidence of negative or depressive feelings related to sexual orientation is higher among asexual individuals, and their happiness index is lower than that of the average Canadian and the average LGBT cisgender person.

p.210, 220

In this group, there is also a much higher proportion of respondents who are not in a romantic relationship.

p.237

In turn, bisexual people also display a few specificities: compared to other LGBT groups, they found greater acceptance of their sexual difference within the family, but less acceptance and more unease among their friends.

p.79, 80, 86

They feel slightly less integrated to Canadian society than homosexual respondents, but more integrated than transgender and/or non-binary and asexual individuals. In fact, they place 2nd lowest, a rung up from asexual respondents, on the feeling of belonging to the LGBT movement.

p.151, 178

However, compared to the LGBT average, there are fewer bisexual people who have negative or depressive feelings in connection with their sexual orientation.

p.210

CROP

22


Key findings ▪

Note that all of these LGBT groups (transgender and/or non-binary people, pansexual, asexual and bisexual people) display a common value but at varying intensity: they all find it difficult to give meaning to their lives, and for some, notably asexual respondents, this is strengthened by a feeling of being disconnected from society. Lesbians’ distinctiveness shows in the reasons behind their hesitation to disclose their sexual orientation: they are more concerned than average that people would look at them differently after being told and are more sensitive about not being understood. They are particularly keen on finding models as well as groups with whom they could feel they belong.

p.282, 290

p.58, 63, 68, 73, 126

They put, in general, more confidence in the LGBT movement’s ability to represent the values of all its members. Lesbians are one of the LGBT groups that are least discriminated against (perhaps because they tend more than average to work in public services). While their values indicate some distancing from the concept of traditional family, a trait that characterizes all other LGBT groups, they are more inclined than the average LGBT person to yearn for marriage and children (although in smaller proportions than the average heterosexual cisgender respondent). They are also proportionally fewer to engage in an open relationship.

CROP

p.183

p.282, 246, 249, 241

23


Key findings â–Ş

Gay men show little distinctiveness from the average respondent across all results: this is one of the two groups where we find the most people who were bullied (the other is the group of respondents who identify as nonbinary); however, this is the segment whose disclosure of sexual orientation was met with the highest degree of acceptance within the family. They are also distinctive as the group who most often go to places where LGBT people hang out, but they report doing so less and less often.

p.268, 82, 81, 224, 225

Regional specificities â–Ş

Compared to respondents from the other provinces, Quebec respondents have a little less of an impression that Canadian society is willing to make efforts toward LGBT integration and are more worried about the rise in conservative ideologies in various Western countries. However, it is in Quebec that we find the greatest proportion of LGBT respondents who live very well with their sexual orientation/gender identity and the smallest Proportion of respondents who were discriminated against, particularly in a work environment. The feeling of belonging to the LGBT movement is slightly higher in Quebec than in other Canadian provinces; also, their perception of stereotyping within the LGBT community is less acute than among English Canadian respondents.

CROP

p.145

p.157, 161

p.179, 192

24


Key findings That said, LGBT Quebecers are the group that most insist that, to better represent their values and needs, media initiatives have to move away from representations based on sexuality and party living and instead, put emphasis on their “normality” rather than their “differentness”. ▪

The Atlantic provinces seem to be the most ill-equipped in terms of support resources, particularly when it comes to accessible organizations and models. This is also the region where we find the highest Proportion of respondents who believe that their lives were made a lot more difficult and, paradoxically, also the province with the largest proportion of respondents who feel well integrated into society. As to the question of how LGBT movements could better represent all members, proportionally more respondents from the Atlantic provinces plead for greater accessibility of LGBT groups and advocate a positive approach when defending their rights.

LGBT Ontarians display the highest incidence of negative or depressive feelings in connection with the sexual orientation/gender identity. It is also the province that shows the largest proportion of LGBT individuals who have moved away because of their sexual orientation or gender identity. It is in Ontario, and in the Western provinces, that we find the highest number of respondents who think that some LGBT groups tend to stereotype other LGBT groups. Ontarian respondents are therefore the group that most loudly call for a more unified, diverse and inclusive LGBT community.

CROP

p.188

p.131, 137, 201, 152

p.188

p.211, 207

p.192, 188

25


Key findings â–Ş

Except for the previous comment about stereotyping within the community, Western Canada shows no major distinctions from the other Canadian regions on all themes.

CROP

26


Observations about incidence rates and some correlations between age, gender identity and sexual orientation REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

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Caveat As explained in the methodology section of this report, we cannot claim that our sample is perfectly representative of the Canadian LGBT communities given the many methods that we had to use to build it as well as the absence of any official socio-demographic data on the LGBT population that could be used to accurately calibrate it. However, the size of the sample (nearly 1,900 respondents) is robust enough to show the existence of a number of trends among the various sub-groups, notably certain correlations between age, sexual orientation and gender identity that suggest from the outset that the younger LGBT generation (15-34 year-olds) and their older counterparts (35+ years old) present very different profiles . In addition, the web panel that we used for data collection in the heterosexual cisgender portion of the study was fairly representative of the Canadian population and sufficiently neutral to ensure a certain degree of accuracy in estimating the incidence rates of LGBT communities within the general population: no clear and explicit reference in the introduction about the subject of the study although it was broadly introduced –see opposite box; identification of LGBT vs. heterosexual cisgender respondents via two detailed questions on gender identity and sexual orientation placed at the end of a series of “regular” socio-demographic questions. Not only were the incidence rates yielded by this method much higher than those issued by Statistics Canada, they also confirmed the marked dissimilarity between the older LGBT individuals and the younger cohorts. The details of these preliminary findings are outlined on the following pages. CROP

Introduction of the project phase that targeted heterosexual cisgender individuals We are currently conducting a study whose objective is to produce a detailed portrait of the Canadian population. This would help feed into federal and provincial governments’ deliberations aimed at designing action plans to create kinder and more positive social environments for all Canadians in general and minority communities in particular. . You may find that some of the topics addressed in this study are sensitive in nature, such as sexual orientation, love interests and sexual relations, bullying, violence, and drug and alcohol consumption. Please rest assured that all your answers will remain strictly confidential.

28


More people identifying as transgender and/or non-binary among LGBT youth

Age 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

380

779

296

177

139

126

Binary cisgender person

64

80

79

87

95

96

Binary transgender person

11

6

12

11

3

3

Non-binary transgender person

15

10

5

2

2

1

Non-binary: genderfluid / agender / demi-gender

7

2

3

<1

<1

<1

(%) n=

Q5. How would you define your gender identity? Are you‌

CROP

29


More people identifying as bisexual, pansexual or asexual among LGBT youth

Age 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

380

779

296

177

139

126

Homosexual – Gay or lesbian

25

22

46

65

64

70

Bisexual

32

47

30

27

30

20

Pansexual

29

19

15

4

2

6

Asexual

8

10

5

1

<1

3

(%) n=

Q6. How would you define your sexual orientation? Would you say you are…

CROP

30


Correlation between sexual orientation and gender GENDER (Among binary cisgender respondents)

Men

GENDER (Among binary trans and non-binary respondents)

Women

(%)

Trans men

Trans women

Non-binary Trans person

Non-binary: genderfluid, agender or demigender

81

66

157

52

(%) 547

979

Homosexual

76

37

Homosexual

19

43

15

7

Bisexual

20

44

Bisexual

23

18

15

7

Pansexual

3

11

Pansexual

24

23

47

70

Asexual

2

6

Asexual

5

8

10

7

<1

1

Queer

1

0

4

6

Heterosexual

26

7

5

0

n=

Queer

n=

Q6. How would you define your sexual orientation? Would you say you are…

CROP

31


A combination of elements that results in a non-linear gender distribution across age groups within our sample Age

(%) n=

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

380

779

296

177

139

126

Man

10

19

33

56

63

76

Woman

54

61

46

31

32

20

Trans man

10

4

2

5

2

1

Trans woman

1

2

10

6

1

2

Non binary, trans individual

15

10

5

2

2

1

Non-binary: genderfluid, agender or demi-gender

7

2

3

<1

<1

<1

Warning: due to the cumulative effect resulting from the association of age/ sexual orientation, and gender identity/sexual orientation, the female segment of the sample is markedly younger on average than the male segment. This non-linear distribution across age groups must always be kept in mind when comparing results by age, sexual orientation or gender identity.

Q5. How would you define your gender identity? Are you‌ .

CROP

32


Estimation of the incidence of LGBT people in Canada Base: Asking Canadians panel members aged 18* years old or over who answered all the sociodemographic questions before the initial quotas for heterosexual cisgender individuals were reached * 15-17 years old excluded: number too small to guarantee accuracy of results

26% 13%

Total 18+ y/o (n=942)

8%

18-34 y/o (n=393)

35+ y/o (n=549)

* The Canadian Community Health Survey is the first survey by Statistics Canada that included a question on sexual orientation. This study estimated at 3.0% the percentage of Canadians 18-59 years old who consider themselves to be homosexual or bisexual

Q5. How would you define your gender identity? Are you‌ . Q6. How would you define your sexual orientation? Would you say you are‌

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33


Acknowledgement and disclosure of one’s sexual orientation and/or gender identity REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Level of acknowledgement of one’s sexual orientation and gender identity

Level of acknowledgement of the sexual orientation

Level of acknowledgement of the gender identity

Base: LGBT respondents (n=1874)

Base: Transgender, non-binary or genderfluid respondents (n=319)

Sexual orientation clearly defined

In the process of figuring it out

In a process of selfacceptance

81%

13%

7%

Gender identity clearly defined

49%

In the process of figuring it out

26%

In a process of selfacceptance

25%

Q7b. As you see it, is your sexual orientation clearly defined or are you still figuring this out or in a process of acceptance in this regard? Q7a. As you see it, is your gender identity clearly defined or are you still figuring this out or in a process of acceptance in this regard?

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35


Level of acknowledgement of one’s sexual orientation Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1874

374

776

290

172

138

124

Sexual orientation clearly defined

81

54

62

76

85

89

89

In the process of figuring it out

13

34

29

19

10

3

4

In a process of self-acceptance

7

11

9

6

5

8

7

(%) n=

Sexual orientation TOTAL homosexual

Bisexual

Pansexual

Asexual

1874

766

623

314

116

Sexual orientation clearly defined

81

94

66

69

34

In the process of figuring it out

13

4

19

24

55

In a process of self-acceptance

7

3

15

6

11

(%) n=

Q7b. As you see it, is your sexual orientation clearly defined or are you still figuring this out or in a process of acceptance in this regard?

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36


Level of acknowledgement of one’s sexual orientation REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1874

24*

95

110

90

Sexual orientation clearly defined

81

81

83

79

80

In the process of figuring it out

13

8

10

13

15

In a process of self-acceptance

7

11

6

8

5

(%) n=

Q7b. As you see it, is your sexual orientation clearly defined or are you still figuring this out or in a process of acceptance in this regard?

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37


Level of acknowledgement of one’s gender identity Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25+

319

108

121

90

Gender identity clearly defined

49

37

50

52

In the process of figuring it out

26

35

36

22

In a process of self-acceptance

25

28

15

26

(%) n=

Gender identity TOTAL Binary trans person

Non-binary Trans person

319

147

157

Gender identity clearly defined

49

55

39

In the process of figuring it out

26

19

31

In a process of self-acceptance

25

25

30

(%) n=

Q7a. As you see it, is your gender identity clearly defined or are you still figuring this out or in a process of acceptance in this regard?

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38


Level of acknowledgement of one’s gender identity REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

319

24*

95

110

90

Gender identity clearly defined

49

47

57

58

33

In the process of figuring it out

26

24

26

20

33

In a process of self-acceptance

25

29

17

22

35

(%) n=

Q7a. As you see it, is your gender identity clearly defined or are you still figuring this out or in a process of acceptance in this regard?

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39


Revealing one’s sexual orientation to family and friends Age at which the reveal of sexual orientation started Reveal started? Base: Non-heterosexual respondents (n=1874)

Base: Non-heterosexual respondents who have started revealing their sexual orientation to the people around them (n=1616)

Less than 15 y/o 9%

No 18%

Between 15 and 17 y/o

Between 18 and 24 y/o

20%

38%

Between 25 and 29 y/o 15%

82% Yes

30+ y/o

19%

Average reveal age: 23 years old Q18c. Have you started revealing your sexual orientation to your inner circle (friends, family, etc.)? Q18d. At what age did you start revealing your sexual orientation to the people around you?

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40


Revealing one’s gender identity to family and friends Age at which the reveal of gender identity started Reveal started?

Base: Transgender people who have started revealing their gender identity to the people around them (n=274)

Base: Transgender people (n=319)

Less than 15 y/o 11%

No

11%

Between 15 and 17 y/o 14%

Between 18 and 24 y/o

Between 25 and 29 y/o

25%

19%

89% 30+ y/o

Yes

31%

Average reveal age: 26.9 years old Q18a. Have you started revealing your gender identity to the people around you (friends, family, etc.)? Q18b. At what age did you start revealing your gender identity to the people around you?

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41


Gender identity: age when the coming out process started (when they wondered, knew, told) AGE Total

15-17 y/o

18-24 y/o

25-34 y/o

35+ y/o

Base: Transgender, non-binary or genderfluid respondents

n=319

n=108

n=121

n=49

n=41

PROCESS OF FIGURING OUT YOUR GENDER IDENTITY

16.5

12.8

14.1

17.4

18.4

Base: Respondents who have accepted their gender identity

n=222

n=71

n=79

n=38

n=34

PROCESS OF ACCEPTING YOUR GENDER IDENTITY

24.6

14.4

15.8

24.4

33.0

Base: Respondents who have started revealing their gender identity to the people around them

n=274

n=91

n=98

n=48

n=37

REVEALING YOUR GENDER IDENTITY

26.9

14.6

17.2

24.3

41.2

(Median age)

Q9A. At what age did you begin the process of figuring out your gender identity? Q9B. At what age did you begin the process of accepting your gender identity? Q18B. At what age did you start revealing your gender identity to the people around you?

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42


Sexual orientation: age when the coming out process started (when they wondered, knew, told) AGE Total

15-17 y/o

18-24 y/o

25-34 y/o

35-44 y/o

45-54 y/o

55+ y/o

Base: Non-heterosexual LGBT respondents

n=1874

n=374

n=776

n=290

n=172

n=138

n=124

PROCESS OF FIGURING OUT YOUR SEXUAL ORIENTATION

17.2

12.5

14.2

16.1

17.5

18.1

19.5

Base: Respondents who have accepted their sexual orientation

n=1463

n=245

n=559

n=250

n=158

n=132

n=119

PROCESS OF ACCEPTING YOUR SEXUAL ORIENTATION

21.9

13.9

16.1

19.4

23.1

24.0

24.6

Base: Respondents who have started revealing their sexual orientation to the people around them

n=1616

n=331

n=641

n=262

n=160

n=125

n=97

REVEALING YOUR SEXUAL ORIENTATION

23.0

14.3

17.0

20.1

23.8

25.4

28.1

(Median age)

Q9C. At what age did you begin the process of figuring out your sexual orientation? Q9D. At what age did you begin the process of accepting your sexual orientation? Q18D. At what age did you start revealing your sexual orientation to the people around you?

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Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made Base: Respondents to whom the group of people applies

Total Yes Your circle of friends (n=1881)

64%

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters) (n=1876)

59%

Your spouse / partner, your children (n=917)

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grandparents, etc.) (n=1856)

17% 17%

55%

7%

39%

26%

81% 76% 62%

65%

The management of the company you work for (n=1811)

32%

8%

40%

Your coworkers (n=1834)

30%

16%

46%

Your classmates (n=1442) The staff at your school / educational establishment (n=1411)

28% 25% Yes, totally

27%

55%

19%

44% Yes, partially

Q21. As of today, have you revealed your gender identity / sexual orientation (“come out") to the following people?

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44


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made Base: Respondents to whom the group of people applies

(1/2)

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

(n=1881)

(n=379)

(n=770)

(n=292)

(n=176)

(n=138)

(n=126)

Yes, totally

64

63

54

72

69

68

56

Yes, partially

17

25

27

15

14

18

16

(n=1876)

(n=377)

(n=770)

(n=294)

(n=175)

(n=138)

(n=122)

Yes, totally

59

38

39

68

73

67

54

Yes, partially

17

34

27

13

13

14

15

(n=917)

(n=132)

(n=435)

(n=134)

(n=84)

(n=65)

(n=67)

Yes, totally

55

37

45

64

62

67

46

Yes, partially

7

5

10

11

6

8

3

(n=1856)

(n=378)

(n=758)

(n=287)

(n=174)

(n=137)

(n=122)

Yes, totally

39

9

18

38

55

48

41

Yes, partially

26

36

26

32

21

27

21

(%) n=

Your circle of friends

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

Your spouse / partner, your children

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.)

Q21. As of today, have you revealed your gender identity / sexual orientation (“come out") to the following people?

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45


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made Base: Respondents to whom the group of people applies

(2/2)

Age TOTAL

(%)

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

(n=1811)

(n=358)

(n=741)

(n=286)

(n=171)

(n=133)

(n=122)

Yes, totally

32

3

11

39

55

44

23

Yes, partially

8

6

12

11

9

11

5

(n=1834)

(n=360)

(n=746)

(n=291)

(n=176)

(n=137)

(n=124)

Yes, totally

30

4

12

35

51

42

23

Yes, partially

16

11

21

24

20

18

6

(n=1442)

(n=374)

(n=696)

(n=192)

(n=78)

(n=46)

(n=56)

Yes, totally

28

25

24

38

27

29

21

Yes, partially

27

46

34

32

27

15

13

(n=1411)

(n=367)

(n=685)

(n=181)

(n=75)

(n=47)

(n=56)

Yes, totally

25

18

19

36

27

28

19

Yes, partially

19

37

26

20

18

11

10

n=

The management of the company you work for

Your coworkers

Your classmates

The staff at your school / educational establishment

Q21. As of today, have you revealed your gender identity / sexual orientation (“come out") to the following people?

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46


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made Base: Respondents to whom the group of people applies

(1/2)

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

(n=1881)

(n=129)

(n=717)

((n=604)

(n=431)

Yes, totally

64

60

75

60

60

Yes, partially

17

32

12

18

18

(n=1876)

(n=130)

(n=715)

(n=603)

(n=428)

Yes, totally

59

60

75

54

54

Yes, partially

17

28

10

18

17

(n=917)

(n=69)

(n=311)

(n=330)

(n=207)

Yes, totally

55

71

65

51

50

Yes, partially

7

2

2

9

9

(n=1856)

(n=129)

(n=702)

(n=600)

(n=425)

Yes, totally

39

41

55

34

31

Yes, partially

26

43

19

27

26

(%) n=

Your circle of friends

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

Your spouse / partner, your children

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.)

Q21. As of today, have you revealed your gender identity / sexual orientation (“come out") to the following people?

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47


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made Base: Respondents to whom the group of people applies

(2/2)

REGION TOTAL

(%)

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

(n=1811)

(n=126)

(n=673)

(n=593)

(n=419)

Yes, totally

32

21

39

30

31

Yes, partially

8

7

8

10

6

(n=1834)

(n=126)

(n=691)

(n=593)

(n=424)

Yes, totally

30

20

38

25

32

Yes, partially

16

16

14

21

11

(n=1442)

(n=106)

(n=479)

(n=508)

(n=349)

Yes, totally

28

49

30

23

26

Yes, partially

27

17

31

25

28

(n=1411)

(n=108)

(n=460)

(n=503)

(n=340)

Yes, totally

25

48

26

21

24

Yes, partially

19

15

23

21

16

n=

The management of the company you work for

Your coworkers

Your classmates

The staff at your school / educational establishment

Q21. As of today, have you revealed your gender identity / sexual orientation (“come out") to the following people?

CROP

48


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances who were told first vs. last Base: respondents who have started the coming-out process (n=1644)

First group told Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

29%

Your extended family circle 6% (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-… Your spouse / partner, your children

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-… Your spouse / partner, your children

21%

Your circle of friends

Last group told

67%

27% 40% 2%

Your circle of friends 12%

The management of the company you work for

3%

The management of the company you work for

19%

Your coworkers

5%

Your coworkers

22%

The management/staff at your school / educational…

2%

The management/staff at your school / educational…

9%

Your classmates

4%

Your classmates

8%

Q22A1R. To which group of people among your close circles did you reveal your gender identity / sexual orientation first and last?

CROP

49


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made first Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1644

337

642

270

167

127

101

Your circle of friends

67

84

76

70

57

66

64

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

29

19

34

26

33

37

28

Your spouse / partner, your children

21

5

21

22

16

20

26

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.)

6

3

8

6

3

10

6

Your coworkers

5

0

4

5

7

6

6

Your classmates

4

4

8

9

3

3

0

The management of the company you work for

3

0

3

1

3

5

5

The management/staff at your school / educational establishment

2

2

5

2

2

1

0

(%) n=

Q22A1R. To which group of people among your close circles did you reveal your gender identity / sexual orientation first?

CROP

50


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made last Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1644

337

642

270

167

127

101

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.)

40

26

29

36

42

40

48

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

27

30

28

27

24

22

30

Your coworkers

22

6

22

24

32

34

14

The management of the company you work for

19

3

12

19

20

28

21

Your circle of friends

12

6

12

9

4

7

21

The management/staff at your school / educational establishment

9

25

19

11

3

7

4

Your classmates

8

25

24

10

3

2

2

Your spouse / partner, your children

2

1

6

1

1

6

0

(%) n=

Q22A1R. To which group of people among your close circles did you reveal your gender identity / sexual orientation last?

CROP

51


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made first REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1644

115

650

496

383

Your circle of friends

67

85

66

63

68

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

29

23

41

29

21

Your spouse / partner, your children

21

12

16

23

24

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.)

6

5

6

6

6

Your coworkers

5

3

5

7

5

Your classmates

4

6

3

4

6

The management of the company you work for

3

0

1

7

1

The management/staff at your school / educational establishment

2

0

2

2

1

(%) n=

Q22A1R. To which group of people among your close circles did you reveal your gender identity / sexual orientation first?

CROP

52


Group of relatives, friends or acquaintances to whom the revelation was made last REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1644

115

650

496

383

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.)

40

61

40

39

34

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

27

28

24

28

28

Your coworkers

22

22

23

22

21

The management of the company you work for

19

8

22

21

17

Your circle of friends

12

3

9

16

10

The management/staff at your school / educational establishment

9

9

7

9

11

Your classmates

8

9

9

7

8

Your spouse / partner, your children

2

3

2

2

1

(%) n=

Q22A1R. To which group of people among your close circles did you reveal your gender identity / sexual orientation last?

CROP

53


Degree of hesitation before “coming out� to the various groups of people around them Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Total Hesitation Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters) (n=1419) Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.) (n=1062)

33%

30%

29%

34%

Your spouse / partner, your children (n=569)

20%

The management of the company you work for (n=641)

16%

Your coworkers (n=802)

15%

22%

The management/staff at your school / educational establishment (n=701)

15%

21%

Your classmates (n=929)

14%

9% 18% 25%

Very strong hesitation

13%

87%

26%

11%

89%

36% 34% 33% 38%

Pretty strong hesitation

47%

53% 32%

27%

Your circle of friends (n=1613) 10% 19%

24%

Slight hesitation

28%

72%

27%

73%

30%

70%

26% 33%

74% 67%

No hesitation

Q23. To what extent were you hesitant about revealing your gender identity / sexual orientation to the people around you?

CROP

54


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to family members Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling the family (n=1587)

Fear of being rejected

53%

Fear that they would look at me differently

47%

Fear that they would not understand me

32%

Fear of disappointing them

27%

Fear of making them uncomfortable

26%

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

23%

Fear that they would want to change me

16%

Fear that they would not like me as much

15%

Fear of hurting them Fear that they would be afraid for me (for my happiness, quality of life) Fear that they would make fun of me Very religious/traditional family / Religion Other

14% 12% 10% 1% 2%

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

55


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to family members Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling the family

Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1587

334

620

261

160

121

91

Fear of being rejected Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes) Fear that they would not understand me

53

43

40

48

56

58

62

47

59

49

47

44

46

45

32

34

35

34

25

36

29

Fear of disappointing them

27

23

25

31

33

24

21

Fear of making them uncomfortable Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them Fear that they would want to change me

26

29

30

28

26

26

23

23

21

25

20

11

30

28

16

22

21

26

9

7

11

Fear that they would not like me as much

15

17

16

12

20

19

14

Fear of hurting them Fear that they would be afraid for me (for my happiness, quality of life) Fear that they would make fun of me

14

6

6

12

20

14

18

12

7

12

9

16

5

16

10

16

16

7

10

13

8

Very religious/traditional family / Religion

1

1

1

0

3

1

0

Other

2

2

2

2

5

4

0

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

56


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to family members Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling the family

Sexual orientation

Gender identity Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1587

703

452

279

87

1240

138

148

49

Fear of being rejected Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

53

57

43

51

55

52

65

56

53

47

46

45

58

40

48

34

47

43

Fear that they would not understand me

32

29

35

40

49

30

38

52

44

Fear of disappointing them

27

31

20

18

14

27

35

14

25

Fear of making them uncomfortable

26

24

34

28

15

27

24

20

37

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

23

21

25

29

22

24

10

13

29

Fear that they would want to change me

16

13

15

22

54

14

27

31

27

Fear that they would not like me as much

15

17

16

9

11

16

14

13

6

Fear of hurting them

14

16

11

10

12

15

14

4

4

12

13

12

4

6

13

9

7

3

10 1 2

9 1 1

11 0 3

14 1 5

8 0 1

9 1 2

14 0 5

17 3 4

23 0 2

TOTAL

(%) n=

Fear that they would be afraid for me (for my happiness, quality of life) Fear that they would make fun of me Very religious/traditional family / Religion Other

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

57


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to family members Base : Respondents who hesitated before telling the family

TOTAL

(%)

Sexual orientation Gay

Lesbian

1587

368

276

Fear of being rejected

53

59

49

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

47

43

58

Fear that they would not understand me

32

26

33

Fear of disappointing them

27

32

26

Fear of making them uncomfortable

26

23

25

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

23

23

17

Fear that they would want to change me

16

12

15

Fear that they would not like me as much

15

17

16

Fear of hurting them

14

19

10

Fear that they would be afraid for me (for my happiness, quality of life)

12

13

17

Fear that they would make fun of me

10

9

4

Famille très pieuse/traditionnelle / Religion

1

1

-

Other

2

1

1

n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to…

CROP

58


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to family members Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling the family

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1587

111

616

483

377

Fear of being rejected

53

56

49

55

54

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

47

55

46

47

46

Fear that they would not understand me

32

32

37

30

30

Fear of disappointing them

27

32

27

26

25

Fear of making them uncomfortable

26

25

25

22

32

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

23

17

15

26

26

Fear that they would want to change me

16

17

10

23

12

Fear that they would not like me as much

15

21

21

9

17

Fear of hurting them Fear that they would be afraid for me (for my happiness, quality of life) Fear that they would make fun of me

14

13

20

9

16

12

4

11

14

12

10

5

9

9

12

Very religious/traditional family / Religion

1

0

0

0

2

Other

2

3

3

2

3

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

59


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to friends Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling their friends (n=1137)

Fear that they would pull away from me

59%

Fear of being rejected

57%

Fear that they would look at me differently

52%

Fear of making them uncomfortable

35%

Fear that they would not understand me

33%

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

14%

Fear that they would make fun of me

14%

Fear that they would want to change me Other

7% 3%

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

60


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to friends Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling their friends

Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1137

230

445

188

118

90

66

Fear that they would pull away from me

59

59

47

54

72

49

64

Fear of being rejected

57

40

41

52

63

69

63

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

52

53

48

48

51

44

62

Fear of making them uncomfortable

35

48

43

32

35

38

32

Fear that they would not understand me

33

32

36

32

28

34

35

Fear that they would make fun of me

14

18

23

21

20

13

2

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

14

14

25

12

10

23

12

Fear that they would want to change me

7

7

14

10

2

6

5

Other

3

5

2

4

0

5

0

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

61


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to friends Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling their friends

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1137

519

319

184

62

881

105

106

35

Fear that they would pull away from me

59

64

57

43

32

60

55

57

34

Fear of being rejected

57

62

51

55

50

59

54

57

33

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

52

55

44

58

39

54

44

53

20

Fear of making them uncomfortable

35

35

39

32

20

36

32

37

43

Fear that they would not understand me

33

34

25

32

77

31

44

39

38

Fear that they would make fun of me

14

11

20

15

46

13

28

17

5

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

14

10

23

14

22

14

16

17

18

Fear that they would want to change me

7

4

9

23

5

7

8

9

15

Other

3

2

2

8

1

2

4

1

29

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

62


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to friends Base : Respondents who hesitated before telling their friends

TOTAL

(%)

Sexual orientation Gay

Lesbian

1137

282

195

Fear that they would pull away from me

59

68

55

Fear of being rejected

57

64

54

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

52

55

62

Fear of making them uncomfortable

35

34

38

Fear that they would not understand me

33

30

42

Fear that they would make fun of me

14

10

7

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

14

12

6

Fear that they would want to change me

7

4

3

Other

3

2

3

n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to…

CROP

63


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity to friends Base: Respondents who hesitated before telling their friends

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1137

78

427

363

269

Fear that they would pull away from me

59

32

66

61

57

Fear of being rejected

57

43

56

62

55

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

52

69

55

48

52

Fear of making them uncomfortable

35

25

35

36

38

Fear that they would not understand me

33

39

32

33

32

Fear that they would make fun of me

14

9

14

14

17

Because it’s private and doesn’t really concern them

14

21

10

12

19

Fear that they would want to change me

7

16

4

5

9

Other

3

8

2

3

2

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

64


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity in the workplace Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at work (n=920)

Because it’s private

55%

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

53%

Fear that they would look at me differently

45%

Fear that this could keep me from advancing in my career

32%

Fear of being rejected

27%

Fear of being made fun of or bullied Fear of being pushed (whether in a subtle way or not) to resign

24%

16%

Fear of being given fewer responsibilities

9%

Other

2%

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

65


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity in the workplace Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at work

Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

920

94

388

183

123

94

38

55

69

60

55

41

56

64

53

66

53

46

58

60

50

45

42

42

40

52

38

53

32

24

27

34

34

33

31

Fear of being rejected

27

16

25

25

32

15

40

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

24

16

28

22

22

29

26

Fear of being pushed (whether in a subtle way or not) to resign

16

19

19

17

17

20

10

Fear of being given fewer responsibilities

9

14

16

8

7

10

6

Other

2

2

1

3

2

0

0

(%) n=

Because it’s private Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes) Fear that this could keep me from advancing in my career

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

66


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity in the workplace Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at work

Sexual orientation

Gender identity Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

920

448

268

129

40

761

67

66

22*

55

51

68

47

84

57

20

49

90

53

57

42

53

40

52

59

60

78

45

48

36

42

29

46

25

49

39

32

35

24

32

4

31

41

38

23

Fear of being rejected

27

31

20

29

8

27

38

34

19

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

24

24

26

23

19

25

31

21

10

Fear of being pushed (whether in a subtle way or not) to resign

16

16

14

23

9

14

46

22

22

Fear of being given fewer responsibilities

9

8

10

10

5

8

11

15

11

Other

2

1

2

8

0

1

7

1

0

TOTAL

(%) n=

Because it’s private Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes) Fear that this could keep me from advancing in my career

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 67


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity in the workplace Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at work

TOTAL

(%)

Sexual orientation Gay

Lesbian

920

245

176

Because it’s private

55

55

44

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

53

54

62

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

45

49

52

Fear that this could keep me from advancing in my career

32

38

24

Fear of being rejected

27

34

21

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

24

25

23

Fear of being pushed (whether in a subtle way or not) to resign

16

14

16

Fear of being given fewer responsibilities

9

7

9

Other

2

0

2

n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to‌

CROP

68


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity in the workplace Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at work

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

920

60

381

273

206

Because it’s private

55

65

51

57

54

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

53

71

55

44

59

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

45

38

45

42

50

Fear that this could keep me from advancing in my career

32

18

25

40

31

Fear of being rejected

27

14

24

32

27

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

24

14

33

24

19

Fear of being pushed (whether in a subtle way or not) to resign

16

36

14

16

16

Fear of being given fewer responsibilities

9

7

8

10

8

Other

2

2

2

1

3

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

69


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity at school Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at school (n=1129)

Because it`s private

54%

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

52%

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

49%

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

42%

Fear of being rejected

38%

Fear of being selected less often for group activities

Other

19%

2%

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

70


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity at school Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at school

Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1129

321

536

148

61

34

29*

Because it’s private

54

49

58

49

49

53

67

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

52

62

54

51

51

55

39

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

49

57

41

50

47

27

59

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

42

47

46

40

22

45

51

Fear of being rejected

38

30

35

32

45

40

55

Fear of being selected less often for group activities

19

20

26

21

20

25

5

Other

2

4

4

2

0

0

2

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 71


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity at school Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at school

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1129

408

379

224

70

864

87

124

45

Because it’s private

54

49

61

53

73

55

42

47

60

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

52

48

52

63

50

48

66

67

77

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

49

55

38

49

42

49

43

50

48

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

42

47

35

42

32

42

56

40

37

Fear of being rejected

38

47

28

35

15

38

39

34

38

Fear of being selected less often for group activities

19

19

19

20

15

18

35

25

19

Other

2

2

2

4

8

2

2

4

4

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

72


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity at school Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at school

TOTAL

(%)

Sexual orientation Gay

Lesbian

1129

198

169

Because it`s private

54

51

47

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

52

43

58

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

49

61

42

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

42

41

62

Fear of being rejected

38

51

35

Fear of being selected less often for group activities

19

20

15

Other

2

1

4

n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to‌

CROP

73


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one's sexual orientation/gender identity at school Base: Respondents who hesitated before coming out at school

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1129

86

379

384

280

Because it’s private

54

42

53

55

55

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

52

49

56

44

58

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

49

46

44

56

45

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

42

63

45

39

38

Fear of being rejected

38

58

39

35

35

Fear of being selected less often for group activities

19

19

20

22

16

Other

2

4

5

2

1

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

74


Reasons for hesitating to reveal one’s sexual orientation/gender identity – comparison of common worries by type of relationship

Family

Friends

Work

School

1587

1137

920

1129

Fear of being rejected

53

57

27

38

Fear that they would look at me differently

47

52

45

42

Fear that this would create uneasiness between the others and me

26

35

53

52

Because it’s private

23

14

55

54

Fear of being made fun of or bullied

10

14

24

49

(%) n=

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to....

CROP

75


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Acceptance Total Your circle of friends (n=1613)

71%

Your spouse / partner, your children (n=569)

69%

The management of the company you work for (n=641)

60%

Your coworkers (n=802)

56%

The staff/management at your school / educational establishment (n=701) Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters) (n=1419) Your classmates (n=929) Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.) (n=1062)

41% 34%

Very well accepted Rather poorly accepted

95%

18% 6% 7%

87%

33%

5% 2%

93%

7%

93%

6% 2%

92%

37%

50% 42%

5%

24%

42% 39%

13% 6% 9% 2%

47% 50%

12% 4%

81%

89% 84%

Rather well accepted Very poorly accepted

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by‌?

CROP

76


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1613

333

627

265

162

126

100

Very well accepted

71

85

73

78

73

65

63

Very + Rather poorly accepted

5

0

4

2

5

5

10

Your spouse / partner, your children n=

569

56

249

103

69

53

39

Very well accepted

69

76

71

78

53

74

64

Very + Rather poorly accepted

13

7

7

7

10

12

21

The management of the company n= you work for

641

33

201

156

122

89

40

Very well accepted

60

50

47

72

79

58

32

Very + Rather poorly accepted

7

6

15

5

1

2

16

802

56

278

184

139

103

42

Very well accepted

56

49

47

64

76

55

26

Very + Rather poorly accepted

7

2

13

5

1

7

15

(%) Your circle of friends n=

Your coworkers

n=

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by‌?

CROP

77


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them (cont’d) Age TOTAL

(%)

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

The management/staff at your school / educational n= establishment

701

201

312

105

41

24*

18*

Very well accepted

50

44

44

63

55

49

36

Very + Rather poorly accepted

8

5

12

9

5

14

5

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

1419

272

523

251

158

121

94

Very well accepted

42

33

41

48

38

42

41

Very + Rather poorly accepted

19

21

17

19

19

21

17

Your classmates

929

265

425

137

52

27*

23*

Very well accepted

41

27

43

48

51

46

32

Very + Rather poorly accepted

11

14

13

13

5

8

7

1062

172

344

205

142

113

86

Very well accepted

34

23

33

39

41

35

27

Very + Rather poorly accepted

16

22

17

12

11

20

18

n=

n=

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grandparents, etc.) n=

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by‌?

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 78


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them (cont’d) Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid Trans , agender person or demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1613

727

447

284

88

1266

138

148

49

Very well accepted

71

73

66

72

76

72

56

77

60

Very + Rather poorly accepted

5

6

1

6

9

5

8

2

0

569

205

217

100

21*

432

60

59

16*

Very well accepted

69

71

61

81

48

71

41

75

91

Very + Rather poorly accepted

13

14

15

7

5

13

18

3

3

The management of the company you work for

641

425

120

65

12*

546

51

35

8*

Very well accepted

60

63

55

45

58

63

41

55

76

Very + Rather poorly accepted

7

5

12

15

13

6

24

5

0

802

480

173

98

22*

674

59

50

15*

Very well accepted

56

62

49

21

52

59

47

31

8

Very + Rather poorly accepted

7

6

11

10

15

5

22

24

0

(%) Your circle of friends n=

Your spouse / partner, your children n=

n=

Your coworkers

n=

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by‌?

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 79


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them (cont’d) Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

Personne trans nonbinaire

Non-bin.: genderfluid, agender or demi-gender

701

307

187

141

34

512

71

86

25*

Very well accepted

50

56

45

32

62

56

22

24

23

Very + Rather poorly accepted

8

2

23

10

8

5

39

15

8

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters)

1419

685

372

236

67

1121

125

124

39

Very well accepted

42

42

50

29

41

44

32

20

17

Very + Rather poorly accepted

19

16

20

23

37

17

27

31

32

Your classmates

929

385

280

184

44

718

75

94

34

Very well accepted

41

43

44

36

41

45

19

21

23

Very + Rather poorly accepted

11

8

14

15

19

9

26

21

6

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, n= grand-parents, etc.)

1062

594

243

150

35

853

101

80

20*

Very well accepted

34

34

43

18

4

36

25

14

4

Very + Rather poorly accepted

16

14

19

17

11

15

22

25

26

(%) The management/staff at your school / educational establishment n=

n=

n=

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by‌?

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 80


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them (cont’d) Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1419

362

271

Very well accepted

42

43

44

Very+rather poorly accepted

19

13

23

(%) Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters) n=

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by‌

CROP

81


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them (cont’d) REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1613

112

644

483

374

Very well accepted

71

62

79

68

70

Very + Rather poorly accepted

5

6

1

8

5

569

41

217

183

128

Very well accepted

69

87

64

69

68

Very + Rather poorly accepted

13

3

12

15

12

The management of the company you n= work for

641

41

309

160

131

Very well accepted

60

71

65

47

72

Very + Rather poorly accepted

7

14

4

11

3

802

51

372

210

169

Very well accepted

56

53

62

48

61

Very + Rather poorly accepted

7

11

3

12

3

(%) Your circle of friends n=

Your spouse / partner, your children n=

Your coworkers

n=

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by…?

CROP

82


Level of acceptance by the various groups of people around them (cont’d) REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

701

57

243

221

180

Very well accepted

50

28

62

47

55

Very + Rather poorly accepted

8

2

4

12

8

1419

99

602

405

313

Very well accepted

42

28

53

40

39

Very + Rather poorly accepted

19

27

12

22

19

929

70

328

300

231

Very well accepted

41

32

51

43

36

Very + Rather poorly accepted

11

3

7

10

17

1062

77

478

294

213

Very well accepted

34

24

45

28

33

Very + Rather poorly accepted

16

31

6

21

14

(%) The management/staff at your school / educational establishment n=

Your immediate family circle (parents, brothers, sisters) n=

Your classmates

n=

Your extended family circle (uncles, aunts, cousins, grand-parents, etc.) n=

Q25. Generally speaking, how was your sexual orientation / gender identity accepted by‌?

CROP

83


Frequency of reactions of unease among the various groups of people around them Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

…your family (immediate or extended) (n=1517)

…your school / educational environment (n=981)

21%

15%

…your work environment (n=819) 7%

…your circle of friends (n=1613)

42%

Often

21%

26%

32%

29%

7% 21%

Total (often + occasionally)

27%

33%

31%

32%

Occasionally

16%

41%

36%

28%

40%

Rarely

63%

Never

Q26. Did you ever feel that your sexual orientation / gender identity created uneasiness with…?

CROP

84


Frequency of reactions of unease among the various groups of people around them Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1517

290

576

264

163

126

98

Often + Occasionally

63

63

58

68

55

63

65

Your school / educational environment n=

981

286

446

142

54

28*

25*

Often + Occasionally

41

47

36

38

30

51

50

Your work environment

819

58

286

190

139

103

43

36

24

34

30

27

43

53

1613

333

627

265

162

126

100

28

16

22

19

21

34

42

(%) Your family (immediate or extended) n=

n=

Often + Occasionally Your circle of friends n=

Often + Occasionally

Q26. Did you ever feel that your sexual orientation / gender identity created uneasiness with‌?

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 85


Frequency of reactions of unease among the various groups of people around them

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1517

699

420

259

76

1196

132

135

44

63

58

66

80

70

60

89

79

87

981

404

298

193

48

746

84

105

37

Often + Occasionally

41

42

44

35

40

39

67

52

26

Your work environment

819

486

175

104

24*

686

62

52

15*

36

33

41

49

33

34

50

46

65

1613

727

447

284

88

1266

138

148

49

28

27

37

24

17

28

38

25

16

(%) Your family (immediate or extended) n=

Often + Occasionally Your school / educational environment n=

n=

Often + Occasionally

Your circle of friends n=

Often + Occasionally

Q26. Did you ever feel that your sexual orientation / gender identity created uneasiness with‌?

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 86


Reactions of unease among the various groups of people around them REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1517

107

623

443

344

Often + Occasionally

63

80

51

72

59

Your school / educational environment

981

72

338

321

250

Often + Occasionally

41

57

33

40

44

Your work environment

819

51

378

215

175

36

45

29

42

34

1613

112

644

483

374

28

54

19

29

28

(%) Your family (immediate or extended) n=

n=

n=

Often + Occasionally Your circle of friends n=

Often + Occasionally

Q26. Did you ever feel that your sexual orientation / gender identity created uneasiness with…?

CROP

87


Level of receptiveness and support from the close family Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people (n=1495)

Level of receptiveness by close family

Very much

Level of support from close family

Very much

32%

30% 59%

63% Quite a bit

31%

Not very much 14%

Not at all

6%

Very much so by some of 17% them, a lot less by others

Quite a bit

29%

Not very much 16%

Not at all

10%

Very much so by some of 16% them, a lot less by others

Q27. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel listened to, and heard by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them? Q28. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel supported by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them?

CROP

88


Level of receptiveness and support from the close family Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1495

279

569

261

162

126

98

63

39

57

58

68

71

68

59

45

58

57

57

74

58

(%) n=

Felt listened to and heard by the close family Very + Quite a bit listened to Felt supported by the close family Very + Quite a bit of support

Q27. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel listened to, and heard by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them? Q28. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel supported by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them?

CROP

89


Level of receptiveness and support from the close family Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1495

692

410

255

75

1178

129

135

43

63

69

61

42

52

67

49

29

42

59

62

58

44

56

62

45

36

44

(%) n=

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid Trans agender or person demigender

Binary Trans person

Felt listened to and heard by the close family Very + Quite a bit listened to Felt supported by the close family Very + Quite a bit of support

Q27. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel listened to, and heard by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them? Q28. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel supported by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them?

CROP

90


Level of receptiveness and support from the close family

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1495

364

275

63

74

59

59

64

60

(%) n=

Felt listened to and heard by the close family Very + Quite a bit listened to Felt supported by the close family Very + Quite a bit of support

Q27. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel listened to, and heard by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them? Q28. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel supported by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them?

CROP

91


Level of receptiveness and support from the close family REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1495

106

617

432

340

63

58

69

62

61

59

41

66

58

58

(%) n=

Felt listened to and heard by the close family Very + Quite a bit listened to Felt supported by the close family Very + Quite a bit of support

Q27. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel listened to, and heard by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them? Q28. Generally speaking, to what extent did you feel supported by your close family when you revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to them?

CROP

92


Family reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people (n=1495)

Seemed worried for you and your future

42%

Seemed happy that you were able to accept yourself as you are

37%

Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

30%

Gave you the impression you had disappointed them

23%

Gave you the impression that you were causing them pain

21%

Did not believe you / ignored the information

22%

Some family members: shame / slurs / violence / shock / rift

2%

No reaction / never brought it up again

2%

Other 3% None of these reactions

15%

Q30. Did any members of your close family have any of the following reactions?

CROP

93


Family reactions to coming out Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1495

279

569

261

162

126

98

42

37

35

45

56

35

40

37

47

42

41

35

30

33

30

50

41

40

26

25

17

23

27

22

22

16

28

25

22

45

36

30

19

12

10

21

18

19

18

21

29

21

2

1

1

1

4

3

2

No reaction / never brought it up again

2

0

0

3

0

3

4

Other

3

5

2

1

1

2

6

None of these reactions

15

8

14

14

15

14

18

(%) n=

Seemed worried for you and your future Seemed happy that you were able to accept yourself as you are Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass Gave you the impression you had disappointed them Did not believe you / ignored the information Gave you the impression that you were causing them pain Some family members: shame / slurs / violence / shock / rift

Q30. Did any members of your close family have any of the following reactions?

CROP

94


Family reactions to coming out Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1495

692

410

255

75

1178

129

135

43

Seemed worried for you and your future

42

49

23

40

35

40

66

46

39

Seemed happy that you were able to accept yourself as you are

37

37

37

39

23

36

45

51

15

Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

30

26

35

38

36

26

53

46

53

Gave you the impression you had disappointed them

23

23

21

28

23

22

33

33

17

Did not believe you / ignored the information

22

14

35

35

38

18

51

44

34

Gave you the impression that you were causing them pain

21

23

11

26

24

20

38

23

7

Some family members: shame / slurs / violence / shock / rift

2

2

1

2

0

2

8

3

1

No reaction / never brought it up again

2

0

0

11

10

2

0

0

4

Other

3

3

1

5

0

3

1

11

10

None of these reactions

15

15

19

5

23

16

7

3

7

(%) n=

Q30. Did any members of your close family have any of the following reactions?

CROP

95


Family reactions to coming out REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1495

106

617

432

340

42

27

43

42

47

37

25

51

32

33

30

36

26

29

31

Gave you the impression you had disappointed them

23

48

18

23

21

Did not believe you / ignored the information

22

30

16

24

21

21

37

21

19

19

2

1

4

2

2

No reaction / never brought it up again

2

0

1

3

3

Other

3

1

2

4

3

None of these reactions

15

10

11

16

17

(%) n=

Seemed worried for you and your future Seemed happy that you were able to accept yourself as you are Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

Gave you the impression that you were causing them pain Some family members: shame / slurs / violence / shock / rift

Q30. Did any members of your close family have any of the following reactions?

CROP

96


The effects of coming out on the relationship with the family Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people (n=1495)

Feeling that our communication has improved

29%

Feeling closer, that it’s brought us together

26%

Feeling of confidence

23%

Impression that they look at me differently (as though I had…

19%

Feeling of greater distance

18%

Feeling of incomprehension

18%

Feeling that it’s created a rift, feeling of rejection

14%

Impression that they don't like me as much Disapproval of one parent/acceptance by the others Initial rift/distance followed by reconciliation Other No, I don`t feel that the relationship has changed

11% 2% 1% 2% 30%

Q29. Do you feel that having revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to your family has had any of the following effects on the relationship you have with them?

CROP

97


The effects of coming out on the relationship with the family Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1495

279

569

261

162

126

98

No, I don`t feel that the relationship has changed

30

26

25

28

34

22

36

Feeling that our communication has improved

29

23

29

31

22

29

32

Feeling closer, that it’s brought us together

26

19

25

25

21

27

30

Feeling of confidence

23

20

28

25

21

22

21

Impression that they look at me differently

19

31

26

20

21

21

13

Feeling of greater distance

18

20

18

17

10

31

17

Feeling of incomprehension

18

28

27

20

20

17

12

Feeling that it’s created a rift, feeling of rejection

14

19

16

12

15

26

9

Impression that they don't like me as much

11

16

12

11

7

14

12

(%) n=

Q29. Do you feel that having revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to your family has had any of the following effects on the relationship you have with them?

CROP

98


The effects of coming out on the relationship with the family Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1495

692

410

255

75

1178

129

135

43

No, I don`t feel that the relationship has changed

30

35

28

15

11

34

6

9

10

Feeling that our communication has improved

29

31

20

31

39

28

41

19

14

Feeling closer, that it’s brought us together

26

29

17

24

23

25

35

18

8

Feeling of confidence

23

25

18

20

31

23

26

17

36

Impression that they look at me differently

19

15

24

33

23

16

35

39

38

Feeling of greater distance

18

16

20

25

19

16

28

38

9

Feeling of incomprehension

18

14

19

35

39

15

38

41

42

14

13

16

16

8

12

31

22

5

11

7

21

15

16

11

17

16

6

(%) n=

Feeling that it’s created a rift, feeling of rejection Impression that they don't like me as much

Q29. Do you feel that having revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to your family has had any of the following effects on the relationship you have with them?

CROP

99


The effects of coming out on the relationship with the family REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1495

106

617

432

340

No, I don’t feel that the relationship has changed

30

45

33

27

27

Feeling that our communication has improved

29

13

31

31

29

Feeling closer, that it’s brought us together

26

13

26

27

29

Feeling of confidence

23

17

23

29

17

Impression that they look at me differently

19

24

16

17

23

Feeling of greater distance

18

31

16

17

18

Feeling of incomprehension

18

20

21

15

20

Feeling that it’s created a rift, feeling of rejection

14

21

10

16

13

Impression that they don't like me as much

11

30

5

9

16

(%) n=

Q29. Do you feel that having revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to your family has had any of the following effects on the relationship you have with them?

CROP

100


Friends’ reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people (n=1613)

Pulled away?

Reactions Seemed happy that you had been able to accept yourself as you are Yes, one or two

31% 56% No, none

14%

Yes, several

62%

Gave you the impression that they were looking at you differently

28%

Seemed not to understand

27%

Did not believe you / ignored the information

13%

Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

13%

Some friends: pulled away / shock / rift / afraid I'd hit on them

Total Yes 44%

3%

Not surprised / Accepted it without drama

1%

Other

2%

None of these reactions

15%

Q31. Did some of your friends pull away from you once they learned about your sexual orientation / gender identity? Q32. Did any of your friends have any of the following reactions?

CROP

101


Friends’ reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1613

333

627

265

162

126

100

Yes, one or two

31

25

27

35

29

30

30

Yes, several

14

5

10

10

9

20

20

No, none

56

70

63

55

62

50

51

Total yes (one or more)

44

30

37

45

38

50

49

(%) n=

Q31. Did some of your friends pull away from you once they learned about your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

102


Friends’ reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1613

727

447

284

88

1266

138

148

49

Yes, one or two

31

33

23

33

24

30

29

38

31

Yes, several

14

12

21

10

11

13

26

9

2

No, none

56

55

56

57

65

57

44

53

67

Total yes (one or more)

44

45

44

43

35

43

56

47

33

(%) n=

Q31. Did some of your friends pull away from you once they learned about your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

103


Friends’ reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1613

112

644

483

374

Yes, one or two

31

10

31

36

29

Yes, several

14

33

8

12

16

No, none

56

57

61

53

55

Total yes (one or more)

44

43

39

47

45

(%) n=

Q31. Did some of your friends pull away from you once they learned about your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

104


Friends’ reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1613

333

627

265

162

126

100

62

76

65

67

77

45

53

28

18

23

30

16

27

35

27

26

28

34

23

31

20

13

13

15

14

7

18

12

13

17

18

19

8

13

8

3

1

1

3

3

5

3

Not surprised / Accepted it without drama

1

2

2

0

1

0

2

Other

2

2

1

2

2

3

4

None of these reactions

15

11

15

11

8

21

19

(%) n=

Seemed happy that you were able to accept yourself as you are Gave you the impression that they were looking at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

Seemed not to understand Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass Did not believe you / ignored the information Some friends: pulled away / shock / rift / afraid I'd hit on them

Q32. Did any of your friends have any of the following reactions?

CROP

105


Friends’ reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1613

727

447

284

88

1266

138

148

49

62

60

58

71

74

60

72

64

81

28

26

29

40

21

27

37

32

8

Seemed not to understand

27

22

33

34

34

24

47

27

41

Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

13

12

13

15

8

13

15

5

16

Did not believe you / ignored the information

13

10

20

20

20

12

21

15

31

Some friends: pulled away / shock / rift / afraid I'd hit on them

3

3

0

5

0

2

9

13

0

Not surprised / Accepted it without drama

1

1

1

0

3

1

0

0

0

Other

2

1

2

10

2

3

0

3

7

None of these reactions

15

17

14

4

7

16

3

9

4

(%) n=

Seemed happy that you were able to accept yourself as you are Gave you the impression that they were looking at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

Q32. Did any of your friends have any of the following reactions?

CROP

106


Friends’ reactions to coming out Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1613

112

644

483

374

62

45

70

56

67

28

56

18

22

36

Seemed not to understand

27

21

19

28

33

Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

13

16

10

13

15

Did not believe you / ignored the information

13

14

8

13

18

Some friends: pulled away / shock / rift / afraid I'd hit on them

3

5

2

4

1

Not surprised / Accepted it without drama

1

0

0

1

2

Other

2

1

2

2

4

None of these reactions

15

6

16

19

10

(%) n=

Seemed happy that you were able to accept yourself as you are Gave you the impression that they were looking at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

Q32. Did any of your friends have any of the following reactions?

CROP

107


Reactions to coming out in the workplace Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people (n=819)

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

28%

Lead to your commanding more respect

22%

Had a negative impact on your career progression

8%

Lead to your changing companies

8%

Resulted in your having your position in the company changed

7%

Resulted in your being given fewer responsibilities Positive effects (opportunities, closer bonds, LGBT spokesperson) Other None of these reactions

4% 3%

1% 48%

Q33. In your work environment, do you have the impression that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

108


Reactions to coming out in the workplace Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

819

58

286

190

139

103

43

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

28

16

31

28

17

29

36

Lead to your commanding more respect

22

4

19

16

21

17

40

Had a negative impact on your career progression

8

3

12

11

2

12

8

Lead to your changing companies

8

3

9

9

5

11

10

Resulted in your having your position in the company changed

7

0

3

7

4

11

8

Resulted in your being given fewer responsibilities

4

3

10

4

2

7

0

Positive effects (opportunities, closer bonds, LGBT spokesperson)

3

0

1

7

3

0

0

Other

1

10

1

0

2

4

0

None of these reactions

48

70

49

50

61

42

36

(%) n=

Q33. In your work environment, do you have the impression that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

109


Reactions to coming out in the workplace Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

819

486

175

104

24*

686

62

52

15*

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

28

26

17

53

18

26

37

35

28

Lead to your commanding more respect

22

26

14

7

5

24

15

7

10

Had a negative impact on your career progression

8

6

16

16

0

7

27

9

20

Lead to your changing companies

8

7

15

8

0

7

34

2

3

Resulted in your having your position in the company changed

7

6

11

8

0

7

10

2

0

Resulted in your being given fewer responsibilities

4

2

10

5

5

3

8

2

2

Positive effects (opportunities, closer bonds, LGBT spokesperson)

3

3

3

1

0

3

5

4

10

Other

1

1

1

1

16

1

2

0

0

None of these reactions

48

49

55

40

61

50

24

61

59

(%) n=

Q33. In your work environment, do you have the impression that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 110


Reactions to coming out in the workplace Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

819

51

378

215

175

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

28

26

23

32

25

Lead to your commanding more respect

22

5

24

25

19

Had a negative impact on your career progression

8

10

5

11

7

Lead to your changing companies

8

15

4

10

9

Resulted in your having your position in the company changed

7

14

2

11

5

Resulted in your being given fewer responsibilities

4

1

1

3

7

Positive effects (opportunities, closer bonds, LGBT spokesperson)

3

8

1

2

4

Other

1

1

1

2

1

None of these reactions

48

55

52

42

52

(%) n=

Q33. In your work environment, do you have the impression that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

111


Reactions to coming out at school Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people(n=981)

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

37%

Led to your feeling isolated from the others

22%

Led to your commanding more respect

Resulted in your being chosen less often for group activities

Other

None of these reactions

18%

10%

2%

45%

Q34. In your school / learning environment, did you feel that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

112


Reactions to coming out at school Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

981

286

446

142

54

28*

25*

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

37

43

39

28

27

29

57

Led to your feeling isolated from the others

22

23

21

23

7

32

25

Led to your commanding more respect

18

19

22

15

25

7

21

Resulted in your being chosen less often for group activities

10

10

14

10

9

28

0

Other

2

3

2

2

2

2

0

None of these reactions

45

42

40

54

49

40

33

(%) n=

Q34. In your school / learning environment, did you feel that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

*N.B.: small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 113


Reactions to coming out at school Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

981

404

298

193

48

746

84

105

37

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

37

37

36

35

35

36

35

49

33

Led to your feeling isolated from the others

22

21

24

25

14

21

35

22

16

Led to your commanding more respect

18

17

22

17

15

18

32

15

19

Resulted in your being chosen less often for group activities

10

6

18

12

8

8

31

16

4

Other

2

1

2

3

0

1

7

4

8

None of these reactions

45

48

35

47

56

47

16

37

65

(%) n=

Q34. In your school / learning environment, did you feel that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

114


Reactions to coming out at school Base: Respondents who revealed their sexual orientation/gender identity to the relevant group of people

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

981

72

338

321

250

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

37

12

35

42

41

Led to your feeling isolated from the others

22

16

14

25

26

Led to your commanding more respect

18

9

21

21

16

Resulted in your being chosen less often for group activities

10

3

5

10

15

Other

2

3

1

2

2

None of these reactions

45

71

47

42

39

(%) n=

Q34. In your school / learning environment, did you feel that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

115


A parallel reading of the reasons for hesitating and recipient reactions: family REASONS FOR HESITATING TO REVEAL ONE’S SEXUAL ORIENTATION / GENDER IDENTITY TO THE FAMILY

FAMILY REACTIONS TO COMING OUT AND EFFECTS OF COMING OUT ON THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE FAMILY

Base: Hesitated before telling the family (n=1587)

Base: Have already started revealing sexual orientation to the family (n=1495)

Fear of being rejected

53

23

Feeling of greater distance OR feeling that it’s created a rift, feeling of rejection

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

47

19

Impression that they look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

Fear that they would not understand me

32

32

Fear of disappointing them

27

23

Fear that they would want to change me

16

30

Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

Fear that they would not like me as much

15

11

Impression that they don't like me as much

Fear of hurting them

14

21

Gave you the impression that you were causing them pain

Fear that they would be afraid for me (for my happiness, quality of life)

12

42

Seemed worried for you and your future

Fear that they would make fun of me

10

2

Some family members: shame / slurs / violence / shock / rift

Feeling of incomprehension OR Did not believe you / ignored the information Gave you the impression you had disappointed them

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to… Q30. Did any members of your close family have any of the following reactions? Q29. Do you feel that having revealed your sexual orientation / gender identity to your family has had any of the following effects on the relationship you have with them?

CROP

116


A parallel reading of the reasons for hesitating and recipient reactions: friends REASONS FOR HESITATING TO REVEAL ONE’S SEXUAL ORIENTATION / GENDER IDENTITY TO FRIENDS

FRIENDS’ REACTIONS TO COMING OUT

Base: Hesitated before telling friends (n=1137)

Base: Have already started revealing sexual orientation to friends (n=1613)

Fear that they would pull away from me OR fear of being rejected

80

44

Some friends: pulled away / shock / rift / afraid I'd hit on them

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

52

28

Gave you the impression that they were looking at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

Fear that they would not understand me

33

32

Seemed not to understand OR Did not believe you / ignored the information

Fear that they would want to change me

7

13

Tried to convince you that it was a phase that would pass

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to… Q31. Did some of your friends pull away from you once they learned about your sexual orientation / gender identity? Q32. Did any of your friends have any of the following reactions?

CROP

117


A parallel reading of the reasons for hesitating and recipient reactions: workplace REASONS FOR HESITATING TO REVEAL ONE’S SEXUAL ORIENTATION / GENDER IDENTITY IN THE WORKPLACE

REACTIONS TO COMING OUT IN THE WORKPLACE

Base: Hesitated before telling in the workplace (n=920)

Base: Have already started revealing sexual orientation at work (n=819)

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

45

28

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

Fear that this could keep me from advancing in my career

32

12

Had a negative impact on your career progression + Resulted in your having your position in the company changed

Fear of being pushed (whether in a subtle way or not) to resign

16

8

Lead to your changing companies

Fear of being given fewer responsibilities

9

4

Resulted in your being given fewer responsibilities

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to‌ Q33. In your work environment, do you have the impression that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

118


A parallel reading of the reasons for hesitating and recipient reactions: school REASONS FOR HESITATING TO REVEAL ONE’S SEXUAL ORIENTATION / GENDER IDENTITY AT SCHOOL

REACTIONS TO COMING OUT AT SCHOOL

Base: Hesitated before telling in school (n=1129)

Base: Have already started revealing sexual orientation at school (n=981)

Fear that they would look at me differently (as though I had become a different person in their eyes)

42

37

Made some people look at you differently (as though you had become a different person in their eyes)

Fear of being rejected

38

22

Lead to your feeling isolated from the others

Fear of being selected less often for group activities

19

10

Resulted in your being chosen less often for group activities

Q24. Why did or do you hesitate at the idea of revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity to… Q34. In your school / learning environment, did you feel that revealing your sexual orientation / gender identity:

CROP

119


Most helpful sources of support Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Friends / acquaintances who had been through a similar process

58%

Chat support lines

7%

Movies or TV series

35%

Physician

5%

Websites

33%

Social worker (social assistant, special education technician, etc.)

5%

Books

32%

Telephone support lines

5%

Friends / acquaintances who had not been through a similar process

30%

Conferences / awareness building workshops (in schools or elsewhere)

4%

Access to LGBTQ community resources

28%

Sexologist

2%

Social media

28%

Bars / Meeting places / Clubs

2%

Family

24%

By myself / Personal process

Meetings or activities organised by local or regional groups or support organisations

20%

Other

Psychologist

13%

None

1%

2% 11%

Q14. Among the following sources of support, which ones helped you most in the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

120


Most helpful sources of support Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Friends / acquaintances who had been through a similar process

58

66

62

62

61

60

51

Movies or TV series

35

43

44

42

35

27

27

Websites

33

52

54

54

34

23

11

Books

32

25

26

23

28

30

45

Friends / acquaintances who had not been through a similar process

30

34

36

42

40

22

19

Social media

28

74

61

43

21

10

7

Access to LGBTQ community resources

28

43

30

25

25

31

26

Family

24

18

24

28

32

21

19

Meetings or activities organised by local or regional groups or support organisations

20

8

7

13

20

20

31

(%) n=

Q14. Among the following sources of support, which ones helped you most in the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

121


Most helpful sources of support (cont’d) Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Psychologist

13

9

11

14

14

14

13

Chat support lines

7

6

7

14

6

1

4

Telephone support lines

5

1

4

2

5

8

7

Physician

5

2

3

3

2

7

8

Social worker (social assistant, special education technician, etc.)

5

6

8

5

2

7

3

Conferences / awareness building workshops (in schools or elsewhere)

4

9

9

6

2

3

2

Sexologist

2

2

3

2

4

2

1

Bars / Meeting places / Clubs

2

0

0

0

1

5

4

(%) n=

Q14. Among the following sources of support, which ones helped you most in the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

122


Greatest benefits of the support they received Base: respondents who were given support with regard to their sexual orientation (n=1793)

Understanding that I was not alone in what I was going through

59%

Finding a space where I felt understood for who I am

45%

Developing my confidence by seeing other LGBTQ individuals affirm themselves

41%

The ability to be heard without being judged

34%

Lightening my load by confiding in someone

31%

Understanding that I was not “sick�

26%

Feeling like I belonged to a mutual support network

26%

Having easy/quick access to the medical resources necessary to facilitate gender transition Self-acceptance / Always knew Other

3% 1% 3%

Q15. What was the greatest benefit to you of the support you received during the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

123


Greatest benefits of the support they received Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1793

364

743

283

163

132

108

Understanding that I was not alone in what I was going through

59

46

53

52

58

63

69

Finding a space where I felt understood for who I am

45

51

41

42

48

50

44

Developing my confidence by seeing other LGBTQ individuals affirm themselves

41

55

44

42

37

45

35

The ability to be heard without being judged

34

35

42

43

34

25

27

Lightening my load by confiding in someone

31

30

31

38

36

27

25

Understanding that I was not “sick�

26

25

29

24

20

22

29

Feeling like I belonged to a mutual support network

26

30

27

26

21

33

23

(%) n=

Q15. What was the greatest benefit to you of the support you received during the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

124


Greatest benefits of the support they received Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1793

732

567

308

110

1427

146

155

51

Understanding that I was not alone in what I was going through

59

65

51

42

64

60

57

47

37

Finding a space where I felt understood for who I am

45

48

41

40

42

43

43

66

80

Developing my confidence by seeing other LGBTQ individuals affirm themselves

41

45

35

41

23

40

38

41

69

The ability to be heard without being judged

34

30

37

46

43

34

30

38

58

Lightening my load by confiding in someone

31

32

35

26

34

32

32

26

13

Understanding that I was not “sick�

26

25

19

32

48

25

37

23

20

Feeling like I belonged to a mutual support network

26

26

25

30

19

26

18

35

14

(%) n=

Q15. What was the greatest benefit to you of the support you received during the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

125


Greatest benefits of the support they received Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1793

378

292

Understanding that I was not alone in what I was going through

59

68

58

Finding a space where I felt understood for who I am

45

46

50

Developing my confidence by seeing other LGBTQ individuals affirm themselves

41

43

51

The ability to be heard without being judged

34

32

24

Lightening my load by confiding in someone

31

34

28

Understanding that I was not “sick�

26

27

18

Feeling like I belonged to a mutual support network

26

24

33

(%) n=

Q15. What was the greatest benefit to you of the support you received during the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

126


Greatest benefits of the support they received REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1793

123

678

583

409

Understanding that I was not alone in what I was going through

59

59

57

62

58

Finding a space where I felt understood for who I am

45

41

43

44

49

Developing my confidence by seeing other LGBTQ individuals affirm themselves

41

44

42

40

41

The ability to be heard without being judged

34

29

31

34

38

Lightening my load by confiding in someone

31

34

38

30

27

Understanding that I was not “sick�

26

36

26

24

26

Feeling like I belonged to a mutual support network

26

18

23

26

29

(%) n=

Q15. What was the greatest benefit to you of the support you received during the process of affirming, getting used to and accepting your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

127


Perceived adequacy of resources Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Nonexistent

13% Highly insufficient

14%

42%

Sufficient

30% A little insufficient

Q16. Did you feel the resources available to you for help were ‌?

CROP

128


Perceived adequacy of resources Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Sufficient

42

46

54

37

35

50

43

A little insufficient

30

41

34

40

42

14

21

Highly insufficient

14

9

8

13

13

19

16

Nonexistent

13

4

5

10

10

17

20

(%) n=

Q16. Did you feel the resources available to you for help were ‌?

CROP

129


Perceived adequacy of resources Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Sufficient

42

41

49

34

46

44

39

29

13

A little insufficient

30

31

28

34

37

29

39

52

53

Highly insufficient

14

16

11

18

5

14

19

16

19

Nonexistent

13

13

12

14

12

14

3

3

15

(%) n=

Q16. Did you feel the resources available to you for help were ‌?

CROP

130


Perceived adequacy of resources REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Sufficient

42

35

45

43

41

A little insufficient

30

26

28

32

31

Highly insufficient

14

5

17

12

16

Nonexistent

13

35

9

13

12

(%) n=

Q16. Did you feel the resources available to you for help were …?

CROP

131


Needs in terms of resources Base: Respondents who feel resources are insufficient (n=1011)

Support organization/Resources / Visible/accessible networks in the community (school, neighborhood...)

26%

Support / Open-mindedness / Understanding / Acceptance (family / people around them / in general)

22%

Clear/accessible information on sexual/gender identities (courses at school, library, internet)

20%

Visible sexual models / Accessible mentors/LGBTQ figures

19%

Awareness raising/De-stigmatization in general (community, media) Greater visibility/accessibility of support resources/SPECIALIZED services

14% 8%

De-stigmatization/Training on sexual difference for public servants/specialized public services (health care, education etc.)

7%

Feel less alone/a friend/someone to talk to (unspecified)

7%

Information/Support/Acceptance of non-binary identity

6%

Safe place / Tolerant/confidential meeting place in the locality

4%

Other

4%

DNK / NR / Nothing

7%

Q17. What was missing most? What did you need more of?

CROP

132


Needs in terms of resources Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1011

203

370

181

106

78

73

Support organization/Resources / Visible/accessible networks in the community (school, neighborhood...)

26

15

20

27

31

33

24

Support / Open-mindedness / Understanding/ Acceptance (family / people around them / in general)

22

31

24

15

19

25

25

Clear/accessible information on sexual/gender identities (courses at school, library, internet)

20

22

17

21

14

20

23

Visible sexual models / Accessible mentors/LGBTQ figures

19

14

12

15

20

15

24

Awareness raising/De-stigmatization in general (community, media)

14

8

10

12

13

7

21

Greater visibility/accessibility of support resources/SPECIALIZED services

8

2

8

9

21

12

3

(%) n=

Q17. What was missing most? What did you need more of?

CROP

133


Needs in terms of resources (cont’d) Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1011

203

370

181

106

78

73

De-stigmatization/Training on sexual difference for public servants/specialized public services (health care, education etc.)

7

5

5

8

8

6

6

Feel less alone/a friend/someone to talk to (unspecified)

7

4

6

5

7

14

8

Information/Support/Acceptance of nonbinary identity

6

2

11

9

5

3

5

Safe place / Tolerant/confidential meeting place in the locality

4

4

3

3

4

6

5

Other

4

8

1

5

2

5

4

DNK / NR / Nothing

7

4

12

9

6

3

5

(%) n=

Q17. What was missing most? What did you need more of?

CROP

134


Needs in terms of resources (cont’d) Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1011

431

280

185

64

767

82

112

40

Support organization/Resources / Visible/accessible networks in the community (school, neighborhood...)

26

30

17

34

5

26

20

31

20

Support / Open-mindedness / Understanding / Acceptance (family / people around them / in general)

22

23

26

17

7

23

8

14

21

Clear/accessible information on sexual/gender identities (courses at school, library, internet)

20

19

16

34

26

20

8

29

36

Visible sexual models / Accessible mentors/LGBTQ figures

19

24

13

7

5

21

3

10

19

Awareness raising/De-stigmatization in general (community, media)

14

17

13

10

5

15

11

9

19

Greater visibility/accessibility of support resources/SPECIALIZED services

8

8

4

16

3

6

32

16

3

(%) n=

Q17. What was missing most? What did you need more of?

CROP

135


Needs in terms of resources (cont’d) Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1011

431

280

185

64

767

82

112

40

De-stigmatization/Training on sexual difference for public servants/specialized public services (health care, education etc.)

7

5

4

10

21

5

31

7

2

Feel less alone/a friend/someone to talk to (unspecified)

7

8

9

2

3

8

0

4

2

Information/Support/Acceptance of non-binary identity

6

1

15

10

11

6

1

15

25

Safe place / Tolerant/confidential meeting place in the locality

4

6

3

1

2

4

1

6

7

Other

4

2

4

3

21

4

1

3

1

DNK / NR / Nothing

7

6

10

6

4

7

8

1

2

(%) n=

Q17. What was missing most? What did you need more of?

CROP

136


Needs in terms of resources (cont’d) REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1011

76

372

325

238

Support organization/Resources / Visible/accessible networks in the community (school, neighborhood...)

26

38

30

22

25

Support / Open-mindedness / Understanding / Acceptance (family / people around them / in general)

22

7

15

23

28

Clear/accessible information on sexual/gender identities (courses at school, library, internet)

20

12

13

22

25

Visible sexual models / Accessible mentors/LGBTQ figures

19

31

17

21

13

Awareness raising/De-stigmatization in general (community, media)

14

12

9

18

15

Greater visibility/accessibility of support resources/SPECIALIZED services

8

4

11

9

7

(%) n=

Q17. What was missing most? What did you need more of?

CROP

137


Needs in terms of resources (cont’d) REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1011

76

372

325

238

De-stigmatization/Training on sexual difference for public servants/specialized public services (health care, education etc.)

7

1

6

10

5

Feel less alone/a friend/someone to talk to (unspecified)

7

20

7

4

9

Information/Support/Acceptance of non-binary identity

6

13

1

4

10

Safe place / Tolerant/confidential meeting place in the locality

4

13

5

4

2

Other

4

1

5

6

2

DNK / NR / Nothing

7

6

9

3

9

(%) n=

Q17. What was missing most? What did you need more of?

CROP

138


Proportion of transgender people who underwent medical treatment or intend to in the future Types of medical treatment received Base: Transgender people (n=304)

Hormone treatment

47% Intention to undergo medical treatment Base: Transgender people who did not receive any medical treatment to date (n=192)

Gender reassignment surgery 13%

No 37%

Other medical treatment 11%

63% None, no medical treatment

Yes

45%

Q8a. Have you undergone any of the following medical treatments to help you live better within your gender identity? Q8b. Do you intend to undergo any medical treatment to help you live better within your gender identity?

CROP

139


Perceived social acceptance REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Perceived openness of various social groups toward sexual and gender diversity Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Canadian society in general Residents of [the respondent's province]

9%

46%

45%

12%

43%

45%

Generation Y Canadians (millennials)

37%

Generation X Canadians

16%

Canadian Baby Boomers

4% 30%

43%

50%

81%

20%

52%

Canadians from rural areas 2%14% 9 - 10

34% 66%

Older Canadians 2%17%

Canadians from urban areas

20%

29% 83%

7-8

1-6

Q75. On a 1 to 10 scale where 1 means not at all open and 10 totally open, to what extent would you say each of the following groups are open to sexual and gender diversity?

CROP

141


Perceived openness of Canadian society to making efforts toward LGBT integration Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Perception of the rise in conservative political parties

Efforts to encourage integration

Very much inclined 17%

Worries me a lot

55%

81% Fairly inclined

65%

84% Worries me a little

29%

Not very inclined 17%

Does not worry me much

9%

Not at all inclined

Does not worry me at all

7%

2%

Q77. To what extent do you feel Canadian society in general is currently inclined to make an effort to encourage integration of LGBTQ individuals? Q92. In certain countries in the West, we are currently seeing a rise in political parties with rather conservative ideologies, including all that relates to sexual minorities. To what extent does this worry you?

CROP

142


Perceived openness of Canadian society to making efforts toward LGBT integration Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Very much inclined

17

15

20

22

19

26

8

Fairly inclined

65

66

62

61

66

60

69

Not very inclined

17

19

17

15

15

11

20

Not at all inclined

2

1

2

2

1

2

3

Very much and fairly inclined

81

81

82

83

85

87

77

Not very and not at all inclined

19

19

18

17

15

13

23

(%) n=

Q77. To what extent do you feel Canadian society in general is currently inclined to make an effort to encourage integration of LGBTQ individuals?

CROP

143


Perceived openness of Canadian society to making efforts toward LGBT integration Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Very much inclined

17

16

16

22

18

16

26

8%

24

Fairly inclined

65

67

64

54

56

65

59

58

57

Not very inclined

17

15

16

23

25

16

14

33

19

Not at all inclined

2

2

4

0

1

2

1

1

0

Very much and fairly inclined

81

83

80

76

74

81

85

66

81

Not very and not at all inclined

19

17

20

24

26

19

15

34

19

(%) n=

Q77. To what extent do you feel Canadian society in general is currently inclined to make an effort to encourage integration of LGBTQ individuals?

CROP

144


Perceived openness of Canadian society to making efforts toward LGBT integration Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Very much inclined

17

17

14

14

21

Fairly inclined

65

69

64

68

60

Not very inclined

17

10

22

13

19

Not at all inclined

2

3

1

4

1

Very much and fairly inclined

81

87

78

83

81

Not very and not at all inclined

19

13

22

17

19

(%) n=

Q77. To what extent do you feel Canadian society in general is currently inclined to make an effort to encourage integration of LGBTQ individuals?

CROP

145


Level of worry regarding the rise in conservative ideologies Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Worries me a lot

55

59

50

57

61

56

50

Worries me a little

29

29

31

34

30

29

25

Does not worry me much

9

7

13

7

3

5

15

Does not worry me at all

7

4

7

3

6

9

10

Worries me a lot and a little

84

89

81

90

91

85

75

Does not worry me much and not at all

16

11

19

10

9

15

25

(%) n=

Q92. In certain countries in the West, we are currently seeing a rise in political parties with rather conservative ideologies, including all that relates to sexual minorities. To what extent does this worry you?

CROP

146


Level of worry regarding the rise in conservative ideologies Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Worries me a lot

55

60

40

62

49

51

75

80

84

Worries me a little

29

29

30

34

24

31

16

12

10

Does not worry me much

9

5

18

3

22

10

4

7

4

Does not worry me at all

7

6

11

1

5

8

4

1

1

Worries me a lot and a little

84

89

71

96

74

82

92

92

95

Does not worry me much and not at all

16

11

29

4

26

18

8

8

5

(%) n=

Q92. In certain countries in the West, we are currently seeing a rise in political parties with rather conservative ideologies, including all that relates to sexual minorities. To what extent does this worry you?

CROP

147


Level of worry regarding the rise in conservative ideologies Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Worries me a lot

55

49

65

53

51

Worries me a little

29

30

24

33

27

Does not worry me much

9

15

8

6

12

Does not worry me at all

7

6

3

8

10

Worries me a lot and a little

84

80

89

86

78

Does not worry me much and not at all

16

20

11

14

22

(%) n=

Q92. In certain countries in the West, we are currently seeing a rise in political parties with rather conservative ideologies, including all that relates to sexual minorities. To what extent does this worry you?

CROP

148


Feeling of being personally integrated into Canadian society Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Not very integrated

Not at all integrated 2%

12%

44%

Fairly well integrated

Very integrated

43%

86% Very and fairly well integrated

Q80. Personally, to what extent do you feel you are integrated into Canadian society?

CROP

149


Feeling of being personally integrated into Canadian society Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Very integrated

44

31

30

39

42

48

52

Fairly well integrated

43

55

53

48

46

45

32

Not very integrated

12

14

16

10

12

6

14

Not at all integrated

2

0

2

2

0

1

2

Very and fairly well integrated

86

86

82

87

88

93

84

Not very and not at all integrated

14

14

18

13

12

7

16

(%) n=

Q80. Personally, to what extent do you feel you are integrated into Canadian society?

CROP

150


Feeling of being personally integrated into Canadian society Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Very integrated

44

50

40

29

19

47

24

19

34

Fairly well integrated

43

38

47

52

52

41

53

60

49

Not very integrated

12

11

11

19

9

10

22

20

17

Not at all integrated

2

0

2

0

20

2

0

2

0

Very and fairly well integrated

86

89

87

81

71

88

78

78

83

Not very and not at all integrated

14

11

13

19

29

12

22

22

17

(%) n=

Q80. Personally, to what extent do you feel you are integrated into Canadian society?

CROP

151


Feeling of being personally integrated into Canadian society Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Very integrated

44

58

40

42

45

Fairly well integrated

43

29

46

45

40

Not very integrated

12

12

13

10

14

Not at all integrated

2

1

2

3

0

Very and fairly well integrated

86

87

86

87

86

Not very and not at all integrated

14

13

14

13

14

(%) n=

Q80. Personally, to what extent do you feel you are integrated into Canadian society?

CROP

152


Comfort level with showing affection to one’s partner in various situations Base: Respondents who did not identify as asexual (n=1756)

Total Comfortable (Very + rather)

…when you are with LGBTQ friends

…when you are with friends who are not sexual minorities

55%

23%

…when you are in a public area (street, shopping centre, café, restaurant)

18%

…when you are at a family get-together

16%

40%

32%

31%

25% 3%3%13%

80%

14% 9% 14%

63%

26%

21%

Very comfortable

Rather comfortable

Very uncomfortable

Does not apply

12% 13%

14%

18%

49%

47%

Rather uncomfortable

Q81-Q82. When you are in a romantic relationship, do you feel comfortable showing affection to your partner …?

CROP

153


Feelings of discomfort in others regarding the appearance or behavior of transgender people Total (Often + occasionally)

Base: répondants transgenres (n=319)

…when you are at a family get-together

26%

…when you are in a public area (street, shopping centre, café, restaurant)

13%

…when you are with friends who are not sexuality based minorities

5%

…when you are with LGBTQ friends

1% 16%

Often

44%

50%

40%

29%

Occasionally

12% 18%

70%

23%

64%

30%

14%

24%

54%

Rarely

45%

17%

Never

Q83. Do you ever feel that people around you feel uncomfortable because of your physical appearance, your way of expressing yourself or your behaviour in relation to your gender identity?

CROP

154


Feeling of having been discriminated against Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Yes

40% No 60%

Q38. Have you ever felt that you were being discriminated against because of your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

155


Feeling of having been discriminated against Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes

40

36

37

45

35

36

43

No

60

64

63

55

65

64

57

(%) n=

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, Cisgender person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes

40

46

28

39

38

37

62

67

28

No

60

54

72

61

62

63

38

33

72

(%) n=

Q38. Have you ever felt that you were being discriminated against because of your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

156


Feeling of having been discriminated against Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Yes

40

47

35

43

40

No

60

53

65

57

60

(%) n=

Q38. Have you ever felt that you were being discriminated against because of your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

157


Context and type of discrimination experienced Base: Respondents who were subjected to discrimination because of their sexual orientation/gender identity (n=717)

Context At the workplace / Professional environment Public space / On the street (bar, restaurant, transport, washroom, travel...)

Type of discrimination 40%

Insults / Slurs / Verbal attacks

21%

Dismissal / Denial of employment / Pressured to… Discrimination in the tasks assigned /…

13%

Rejection / Isolation / Rift / Distance

9%

16% 11%

Denial of/slow service / Denial of lease

School / Academic environment

21%

10%

Discrimination (unspecified)

8%

Afraid of me / Disgusted by me (hyper-…

Friends / Social/leisure activities 7%

7% Treated differently / Discomfort / Indiscreet… 6% Lack of understanding/support / Feeling bad… 5%

Public services (health care, customs, 6% administration...) Family 5% Associative activities (sports, church, volunteering...)

General prejudice/lack of understanding

4%

Bullying / Harassment (unspecified)

4%

On the street: shock / contempt / disapproval

4%

Physical assault

4%

Other

2%

Prefer not to say No answer

6% 1% 5%

Q39. In what context did this arise and what type of discrimination were you subjected to?

CROP

158


Context and type of discrimination experienced Base: Respondents who were subjected to discrimination because of their sexual orientation/gender identity

TOTAL

(%) n=

Context At the workplace / Professional environment Public space / On the street (bar, restaurant, transport, washroom, travel...) School / Academic environment Friends / Social/leisure activities Public services (health care, customs, administration...) Family Associative activities (sports, church, volunteering...) Type of discrimination Insults / slurs / Verbal attacks Dismissal / Denial of employment / Pressured to quit Discrimination in the tasks assigned / advancement (at work, school, sports...) Rejection / Isolation / Rift / Distance Denial of/slow service / Denial of lease Discrimination (unspecified) Afraid of me / Disgusted by me (hyper-sexualization, same sex people afraid of me, influence on children) Treated differently / Discomfort / Indiscreet questions / "Friendly" advice Lack of understanding/support / Feeling bad about myself General prejudice/lack of understanding Bullying / Harassment (unspecified) On the street: shock / contempt / disapproval Physical assault Other Prefer not to say No answer

Age 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

717

134

287

125

60

51

60

40 13 9 7 6 5 2

2 8 23 8 2 11 0

11 9 15 8 4 7 5

39 16 11 3 11 4 1

32 18 5 15 5 9 7

45 7 6 4 7 8 8

56 12 5 8 3 2 0

21 21 16 11 10 8

31 0 2 19 1 13

30 4 5 10 5 8

17 18 11 10 13 16

18 21 6 4 9 3

20 19 13 13 11 5

23 32 29 12 10 5

7

9

8

4

2

1

11

6 5 4 4 4 4 6 1 5

10 21 11 7 2 3 10 3 3

10 6 10 7 4 4 8 3 9

7 4 1 5 3 2 9 1 8

14 2 0 3 9 0 4 0 8

8 8 3 0 4 3 7 0 4

1 3 4 4 3 6 4 0 2

Q39. In what context did this arise and what type of discrimination were you subjected to?

CROP

159


Context and type of discrimination experienced Base: Respondents who were subjected to discrimination because of their sexual orientation/gender identity

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Context At the workplace / Professional environment Public space / On the street (bar, restaurant, transport, washroom, travel...) School / Academic environment Friends / Social/leisure activities Public services (health care, customs, administration...) Family Associative activities (sports, church, volunteering...) Type of discrimination Insults / slurs / Verbal attacks Dismissal / Denial of employment / Pressured to quit Discrimination in the tasks assigned / advancement (at work, school, sports...) Rejection / Isolation / Rift / Distance Denial of/slow service / Denial of lease Discrimination (unspecified) Afraid of me / Disgusted by me (hyper-sexualization, same sex people afraid of me, influence on children) Treated differently / Discomfort / Indiscreet questions / "Friendly" advice Lack of understanding/support / Feeling bad about myself General prejudice/lack of understanding Bullying / Harassment (unspecified) On the street: shock / contempt / disapproval Physical assault Other Prefer not to say No answer

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

717

324

176

143

35

510

84

97

20*

40 13 9 7 6 5 2

51 16 9 6 5 5 2

24 6 6 10 1 5 2

23 10 8 6 16 9 2

3 19 6 4 0 2 3

43 14 9 7 4 5 2

37 5 12 6 15 5 6

19 18 7 6 20 7 5

11 10 9 4 9 8 4

21 21 16 11 10 8

23 24 22 9 11 5

21 14 7 14 1 13

18 18 2 12 16 14

29 0 0 23 0 18

23 22 18 11 9 7

11 25 7 9 10 14

20 7 10 18 23 15

63 4 2 15 0 4

7

7

6

5

0

7

5

7

4

6 5 4 4 4 4 6 1 5

5 4 2 3 5 4 3 0 5

6 4 7 4 2 1 6 1 8

6 9 5 9 1 1 8 1 9

27 6 4 1 1 1 29 0 0

6 4 2 3 4 4 4 0 6

11 11 11 9 4 6 10 2 3

4 14 7 6 1 1 18 1 3

29 14 9 4 1 4 22 4 0

Q39. In what context did this arise and what type of discrimination were you subjected to?

CROP

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

(%) n=

Gender identity

*Small sample size

160


Context and type of discrimination experienced Base: Respondents who were subjected to discrimination because of their sexual orientation/gender identity

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

717

58

231

240

188

40 13 9 7 6 5 2

35 1 13 1 0 1 4

28 19 13 10 12 5 2

42 15 9 4 7 5 3

49 9 4 10 3 5 2

21 21 16 11 10 8

14 34 34 19 0 1

27 6 10 12 9 6

21 25 19 12 13 8

20 24 9 6 9 13

7

2

5

10

5

6 5 4 4 4 4 6 1 5

12 9 3 4 1 1 1 0 8

3 3 4 1 4 3 9 0 3

5 4 3 7 4 5 7 1 4

8 6 4 2 5 3 4 0 8

(%) n=

Context At the workplace / Professional environment Public space / On the street (bar, restaurant, transport, washroom, travel...) School / Academic environment Friends / Social/leisure activities Public services (health care, customs, administration...) Family Associative activities (sports, church, volunteering...) Type of discrimination Insults / slurs / Verbal attacks Dismissal / Denial of employment / Pressured to quit Discrimination in the tasks assigned / advancement (at work, school, sports...) Rejection / Isolation / Rift / Distance Denial of/slow service / Denial of lease Discrimination (unspecified) Afraid of me / Disgusted by me (hyper-sexualization, same sex people afraid of me, influence on children) Treated differently / Discomfort / Indiscreet questions / "Friendly" advice Lack of understanding/support / Feeling bad about myself General prejudice/lack of understanding Bullying / Harassment (unspecified) On the street: shock / contempt / disapproval Physical assault Other Prefer not to say No answer

Q39. In what context did this arise and what type of discrimination were you subjected to?

CROP

161


Interventions that should be reinforced to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Return of / increase in sex education classes in schools

49%

Increasing visibility of LGBTQ resources / groups (so that people who are in the process of coming out can connect to them more easily)

42%

Consciousness-building workshops in schools

41%

Better representation of LGBTQ individuals in the media

41%

Ads against homophobia / transphobia

27%

More clinics specialized in health issues specific to LGBTQ individuals

23%

Facilitating access to medical treatment for gender transition

19%

Consciousness-building workshops in companies

18%

Consciousness-building workshops in areas that deal with senior citizens

13%

Other 3%

Q90. In your opinion, what are the interventions that it would be most useful to reinforce in the future in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

162


Interventions that should be reinforced to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Return of / increase in sex education classes in schools

49

53

52

44

41

39

56

Increasing visibility of LGBTQ resources / groups (so that people who are in the process of coming out can connect to them more easily)

42

43

38

40

45

40

43

Consciousness-building workshops in schools

41

43

37

35

43

51

42

Better representation of LGBTQ individuals in the media

41

56

51

45

42

36

35

Ads against homophobia / transphobia

27

33

24

20

24

36

30

23

25

25

37

19

13

17

19

31

22

27

20

16

11

Consciousness-building workshops in companies

18

5

14

21

25

27

14

Consciousness-building workshops in areas that deal with senior citizens

13

4

8

8

12

9

21

Other

3

2

1

4

3

4

4

(%) n=

More clinics specialized in health issues specific to LGBTQ individuals Facilitating access to medical treatment for gender transition

Q90. In your opinion, what are the interventions that it would be most useful to reinforce in the future in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

163


Interventions that should be reinforced to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Return of / increase in sex education classes in schools

49

50

50

44

47

49

43

45

50

Increasing visibility of LGBTQ resources / groups (so that people who are in the process of coming out can connect to them more easily)

42

42

42

37

42

42

42

47

22

Consciousness-building workshops in schools

41

46

36

38

23

44

22

32

23

Better representation of LGBTQ individuals in the media

41

42

38

43

39

40

43

54

55

Ads against homophobia / transphobia

27

33

23

19

8

28

17

14

46

23

22

21

25

52

20

48

42

27

19

14

16

41

21

14

59

44

53

Consciousness-building workshops in companies

18

21

12

21

19

19

11

12

12

Consciousness-building workshops in areas that deal with senior citizens

13

14

14

3

29

14

4

4

1

Other

3

2

3

8

5

3

7

4

9

(%) n=

More clinics specialized in health issues specific to LGBTQ individuals Facilitating access to medical treatment for gender transition

Q90. In your opinion, what are the interventions that it would be most useful to reinforce in the future in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

164


Interventions that should be reinforced to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Return of / increase in sex education classes in schools

49

58

54

46

45

Increasing visibility of LGBTQ resources / groups (so that people who are in the process of coming out can connect to them more easily)

42

52

31

47

42

Consciousness-building workshops in schools

41

28

59

33

40

Better representation of LGBTQ individuals in the media

41

42

38

45

40

Ads against homophobia / transphobia

27

23

30

31

20

23

20

14

27

26

19

18

18

17

23

Consciousness-building workshops in companies

18

12

17

18

21

Consciousness-building workshops in areas that deal with senior citizens

13

16

14

13

11

Other

3

1

3

3

5

(%) n=

More clinics specialized in health issues specific to LGBTQ individuals Facilitating access to medical treatment for gender transition

Q90. In your opinion, what are the interventions that it would be most useful to reinforce in the future in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

165


Stereotypes that need to be changed to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

The belief that a child cannot have a balanced upbringing with LGBTQ parents

58%

The belief that it is possible to change one’s sexual orientation / gender identity with “therapy”

53%

The belief that LGBTQ people could be attracted to children

46%

The stereotypical images often associated with sexual minorities

42%

The perception among heterosexuals that their homosexual or bisexual friends of the same sex might want to “hit on them”

38%

The belief that LGBTQ individuals are breaking down social values

36%

The belief that gender is necessarily binary in nature

36%

The belief that gender is determined biologically at birth

36%

The belief that LGBTQ individuals who show affection in public are “too sexualised”

27%

The perception among heterosexuals that if they spend time with homosexual or bisexual individuals of the same sex they might also become homosexuals or bisexuals

27%

The belief that you must have undergone surgery to be a “real” trans individual Other I don't know

25% 3% 1%

Q91. In your opinion, what are the perceptions that it is important to evolve in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

166


Stereotypes that need to be changed to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

The belief that a child cannot have a balanced upbringing with LGBTQ parents

58

55

49

60

59

44

62

The belief that it is possible to change one’s sexual orientation / gender identity with “therapy”

53

58

52

55

50

48

54

The belief that LGBTQ people could be attracted to children

46

37

34

42

39

46

56

The stereotypical images often associated with sexual minorities

42

31

36

39

45

60

41

38

50

42

36

35

35

38

36

24

31

33

42

47

36

The belief that gender is necessarily binary in nature

36

37

38

42

40

25

32

The belief that gender is determined biologically at birth

36

49

45

36

36

34

32

The belief that LGBTQ individuals who show affection in public are “too sexualised”

27

39

37

31

20

23

25

The perception among heterosexuals that if they spend time with homosexual or bisexual individuals of the same sex they might also become homosexuals or bisexuals

27

33

29

24

25

24

29

25

48

37

38

24

19

11

3 1

5 0

2 1

3 0

2 0

5 2

2 2

(%) n=

The perception among heterosexuals that their homosexual or bisexual friends of the same sex might want to “hit on them” The belief that LGBTQ individuals are breaking down social values

The belief that you must have undergone surgery to be a real” trans individual Other NSP/PR

Q91. In your opinion, what are the perceptions that it is important to evolve in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

167


Stereotypes that need to be changed to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

58

63

50

50

59

59

48

37

56

53

55

46

56

65

53

62

54

53

46

52

39

35

36

47

46

27

18

42

47

37

33

21

43

31

29

35

38

38

44

37

15

39

24

30

58

36

37

33

38

42

36

36

34

36

36 36

32 32

35 32

50 61

34 59

33 32

38 66

77 71

80 61

27

30

27

23

14

28

27

25

26

27

27

30

18

31

27

34

12

13

25

19

24

42

53

20

59

61

46

3 1

2 1

1 0

8 0

3 0

2 1

5 0

4 0

5 0

(%) n=

The belief that a child cannot have a balanced upbringing with LGBTQ parents The belief that it is possible to change one’s sexual orientation / gender identity with “therapy” The belief that LGBTQ people could be attracted to children The stereotypical images often associated with sexual minorities The perception among heterosexuals that their homosexual or bisexual friends of the same sex might want to “hit on them”

The belief that LGBTQ individuals are breaking down social values The belief that gender is necessarily binary in nature The belief that gender is determined biologically at birth The belief that LGBTQ individuals who show affection in public are “too sexualised” The perception among heterosexuals that if they spend time with homosexual or bisexual individuals of the same sex they might also become homosexuals or bisexuals The belief that you must have undergone surgery to be a “real” trans individual Other NSP/PR

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Q91. In your opinion, what are the perceptions that it is important to evolve in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

168


Stereotypes that need to be changed to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

The belief that a child cannot have a balanced upbringing with LGBTQ parents

58

63

67

The belief that it is possible to change one’s sexual orientation / gender identity with “therapy”

53

52

63

The belief that LGBTQ people could be attracted to children

46

54

48

The stereotypical images often associated with sexual minorities

42

51

44

The perception among heterosexuals that their homosexual or bisexual friends of the same sex might want to “hit on them”

38

42

27

The belief that LGBTQ individuals are breaking down social values

36

35

43

The belief that gender is necessarily binary in nature

36

29

34

The belief that gender is determined biologically at birth

36

26

41

The belief that LGBTQ individuals who show affection in public are “too sexualised”

27

31

25

The perception among heterosexuals that if they spend time with homosexual or bisexual individuals of the same sex they might also become homosexuals or bisexuals

27

26

30

The belief that you must have undergone surgery to be a “real” trans individual

25

15

24

Other

3

3

1

NSP/PR

1

2

0

(%) n=

Q91. In your opinion, what are the perceptions that it is important to evolve in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

169


Stereotypes that need to be changed to promote the wellbeing and integration of LGBT people in Canadian society Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

The belief that a child cannot have a balanced upbringing with LGBTQ parents

58

62

63

57

53

The belief that it is possible to change one’s sexual orientation / gender identity with “therapy”

53

39

50

54

57

The belief that LGBTQ people could be attracted to children

46

60

45

41

48

The stereotypical images often associated with sexual minorities The perception among heterosexuals that their homosexual or bisexual friends of the same sex might want to “hit on them” The belief that LGBTQ individuals are breaking down social values

42

31

50

51

26

38

48

37

39

35

36

33

36

32

42

The belief that gender is necessarily binary in nature

36

43

29

32

44

The belief that gender is determined biologically at birth

36

29

36

35

40

The belief that LGBTQ individuals who show affection in public are “too sexualised” The perception among heterosexuals that if they spend time with homosexual or bisexual individuals of the same sex they might also become homosexuals or bisexuals The belief that you must have undergone surgery to be a “real” trans individual

27

37

31

25

25

27

29

26

25

29

25

14

25

29

24

Other

3

8

3

2

3

NSP/PR

1

0

1

1

2

(%) n=

Q91. In your opinion, what are the perceptions that it is important to evolve in order to encourage the integration and wellbeing of LGBTQ individuals in Canadian society today?

CROP

170


Perception of LGBT representation in Canadian media Quality of LGBT representation in Canadian media

Suggested improvements Base: Respondents who think that LGBT communities are poorly represented in the media (n=1750)

Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Very poorly

Having less stereotypical representations of LGBTQ individuals

Very well

69%

Seeing a greater diversity in types of LGBTQ individuals (e.g., ethnic minorities, seniors, etc.)

7% 10%

66%

Seeing more diverse models of romantic relationships

61%

Seeing more diversity when it comes to gender identity

Rather poorly

39% 44% Rather well

54%

Seeing more bisexuals

44%

Seeing more trans individuals

43%

Seeing more lesbians Seeing more gay men NSP / Pas de commentaires

32% 27%

2%

Q78. Do you find that LGBTQ individuals are well represented in Canadian media (TV, film)? Q79. What could be improved in this representation?

CROP

171


Perception of LGBT representation in Canadian media Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Very well

10

5

8

7

7

20

10

Rather well

44

24

38

36

44

43

56

Rather poorly

39

58

43

45

41

32

32

Very poorly

7

14

11

11

8

5

2

Very and rather well

53

28

47

43

51

63

65

Very and rather poorly

47

72

53

57

49

37

35

(%) n=

Q78. Do you find that LGBTQ individuals are well represented in Canadian media (TV, film)?

CROP

172


Perception of LGBT representation in Canadian media Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Very well

10

9

15

2

3

10

7

1

1

Rather well

44

48

43

37

26

47

28

13

30

Rather poorly

39

37

37

47

53

38

41

66

45

Very poorly

7

6

6

13

18

5

24

20

23

Very and rather well

53

57

58

40

29

57

35

14

31

Very and rather poorly

47

43

42

60

71

43

65

86

69

(%) n=

Q78. Do you find that LGBTQ individuals are well represented in Canadian media (TV, film)?

CROP

173


Perception of LGBT representation in Canadian media Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Very well

10

18

7

11

8

Rather well

44

34

45

43

46

Rather poorly

39

43

38

41

38

Very poorly

7

5

10

5

8

Very and rather well

53

52

52

54

54

Very and rather poorly

47

48

48

46

46

(%) n=

Q78. Do you find that LGBTQ individuals are well represented in Canadian media (TV, film)?

CROP

174


Feeling of integration into the LGBT environment REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Feeling of belonging to the LGBT movement Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

No, not at all Yes, a lot

7% 24%

No, not really

Total (A lot and a little) 63%

30%

Total (Not really and not at all) 37%

39%

Yes, a little

Q72. Do you feel you belong to the LGBTQ community?

CROP

176


Feeling of belonging to the LGBT movement Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes, a lot

24

48

25

19

19

30

22

Yes, a little

39

36

44

48

47

34

30

No, not really

30

13

25

27

28

24

40

No, not at all

7

3

6

5

6

11

9

A lot + a little

63

83

69

68

66

64

51

Not really + not at all

37

17

31

32

34

36

49

(%) n=

Q72. Do you feel you belong to the LGBTQ community?

CROP

177


Feeling of belonging to the LGBT movement Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes, a lot

24

30

12

26

10

21

46

37

46

Yes, a little

39

43

32

43

33

40

35

41

43

No, not really

30

24

43

28

23

32

16

20

10

No, not at all

7

3

13

2

34

8

4

1

1

A lot + a little

63

73

44

70

43

60

81

78

89

Not really + not at all

37

27

56

30

57

40

19

22

11

(%) n=

Q72. Do you feel you belong to the LGBTQ community?

CROP

178


Feeling of belonging to the LGBT movement Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Yes, a lot

24

35

26

21

23

Yes, a little

39

22

43

39

40

No, not really

30

40

26

28

34

No, not at all

7

4

5

12

4

A lot + a little

63

56

69

60

63

Not really + not at all

37

44

31

40

37

(%) n=

Q72. Do you feel you belong to the LGBTQ community?

CROP

179


Ability of LGBT movements to represent the values of all members Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Total (Very + rather well) Ability to represent‌

The values and needs of LGBTQ individuals overall

19%

Your personal values and needs

17%

Very well

62%

59%

81%

76%

Rather well

Q70. To what extent would you say current LGBTQ movements and groups represent‌

CROP

180


Ability of LGBT movements to represent the values of all members Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Very well

17

22

22

18

12

26

12

Rather well

59

63

57

55

57

57

63

Very well

19

23

23

23

12

29

13

Rather well

62

64

59

55

64

64

67

(%) n=

Your personal values and needs

The values and needs of LGBTQ individuals overall

Q70. To what extent would you say current LGBTQ movements and groups represent‌

CROP

181


Ability of LGBT movements to represent the values of all members Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Very well

17

16

20

16

5

16

23

8

26

Rather well

59

62

55

59

50

59

62

62

42

Very well

19

19

20

19

13

18

24

10

24

Rather well

62

63

61

63

57

63

60

59

48

(%) n=

Your personal values and needs

The values and needs of LGBTQ individuals overall

Q70. To what extent would you say current LGBTQ movements and groups represent‌

CROP

182


Ability of LGBT movements to represent the values of all members Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

Very well

17

15

20

Rather well

59

60

66

Very + rather well

76

75

86

Very+ rather poorly

24

25

14

Very well

19

18

23

Rather well

62

62

68

Very + rather well

81

80

90

Very+ rather poorly

19

20

10

(%) n=

Your personal values and needs

The values and needs of LGBTQ individuals overall

Q70. To what extent would you say current LGBTQ movements and groups represent‌

CROP

183


Ability of LGBT movements to represent the values of all members Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Very well

17

15

21

15

16

Rather well

59

67

63

51

65

Very well

19

19

23

16

19

Rather well

62

65

64

61

63

(%) n=

Your personal values and needs

The values and needs of LGBTQ individuals overall

Q70. To what extent would you say current LGBTQ movements and groups represent‌

CROP

184


Suggestions on how to improve LGBT movements’ representation of the values of most members Base: Respondents who think that LGBT movements and groups do not fully represent their values and needs (n=1614)

Be more united / Include other identities than LG (trans, bisexual, asexual, queer) More ethnic, rural, senior, political, professional (police) inclusion

19% 16%

Be more democratic / Diverse spokespeople (other than white gay men / trans people)

10%

Avoid stereotypes (image not based on sexuality/partying / ordinary people)/Put more emphasis on normality than difference

9%

Greater accessibility/More communication with LGBTQ members (email, local branch)

9%

More visibility/awareness among the general public (media, activities, etc.)

7%

Educate children on gender/sexual diversity

2%

They're doing fine / Keep up the good work

2%

Provide support (practical/emotional/spiritual) with how to come out/sex change Inform/Educate the general public on the difference between gender identity/sexual orientation Create contact opportunities between the general public and LGBTQ people outside of stereotypical events (e.g. parade) Awareness raising among LGBTQ on gender identities/sexual orientations other than L-G

Fight for better laws (accessibility to health care / services / opportunities)

3%

Cannot represent us all

Avoid a negative approach in defending our rights (aggressiveness, self-pity, more positive slant, success stories) in communications

3%

Other

My sexuality is my business / did not come out yet / Don't need representation

3%

Don't know / No answer / Nothing

2% 2% 1%

1% 1% 4% 28%

Q71. What could be done to improve the way in which current LGBTQ movements and groups represent your personal values and needs and those of LGBTQ individuals overall?

CROP

185


Suggestions on how to improve LGBT movements’ representation of the values of most members Base: Respondents who think that LGBT movements and groups do not fully represent their values and needs

Age

TOTAL

(%)

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1614

329

653

252

159

109

112

Be more united / Include other identities than L-G (trans, bisexual, asexual, queer)

19

18

21

24

20

16

16

More ethnic, rural, senior, political, professional (police) inclusion

16 10

8 10

8 10

20 10

15 12

10 3

19 12

9

5

11

10

11

15

7

9 7 3

6 6 5

10 10 4

10 9 3

12 4 5

12 10 7

7 5 1

3

3

3

3

3

1

4

3 2 2 2

0 6 3 3

1 2 3 3

2 2 3 2

0 2 1 5

4 6 9 3

5 1 1 1

2

7

2

3

1

3

0

1

7

2

1

2

0

0

1

1

2

1

2

2

1

1 0 4 28

0 6 10 20

1 1 4 24

0 0 4 28

1 0 3 28

0 0 3 27

1 0 5 32

n=

Be more democratic / Diverse spokespeople (other than white gay men / trans people) Avoid stereotypes (image not based on sexuality/partying / ordinary people)/Put more emphasis on normality than difference Greater accessibility/More communication with LGBTQ members (email, local branch) More visibility/awareness among the general public (media, activities, etc.) Fight for better laws (accessibility to health care / services / opportunities) Avoid a negative approach in defending our rights (aggressiveness, self-pity, more positive slant, success stories) in communications My sexuality is my business / did not come out yet / Don't need representation Educate children on gender/sexual diversity They're doing fine / Keep up the good work Provide support (practical/emotional/spiritual) with how to come out/sex change Inform/Educate the general public on the difference between gender identity/sexual orientation Awareness raising among LGBTQ on gender identities/sexual orientations other than L-G Create contact opportunities between the general public and LGBTQ people outside of stereotypical events (e.g. parade) Cannot represent us all More support / accessibility / meeting places for LGBTQ youth Other Don't know / No answer / Nothing

Q71. What could be done to improve the way in which current LGBTQ movements and groups represent your personal values and needs and those of LGBTQ individuals overall?

CROP

186


Suggestions on how to improve LGBT movements’ representation of the values of most members Base: Respondents who think that LGBT movements and groups do not fully represent their values and needs

Sexual orientation

Gender identity Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1614

640

516

276

107

1285

124

145

49

More ethnic, rural, senior, political, professional (police) inclusion

19 16

19 21

17 8

20 13

20 6

19 16

15 20

24 19

33 27

Be more democratic / Diverse spokespeople (other than white gay men / trans people)

10

10

10

11

5

10

10

15

11

9

11

7

11

2

10

3

9

3

9 7 3

11 6 2

7 6 6

9 7 0

3 8 0

9 6 3

6 12 0

20 3 0

7 3 0

3

3

4

3

0

3

4

4

0

They're doing fine / Keep up the good work

3 2 2

4 3 3

2 2 1

3 2 1

1 1 0

2 2 2

14 3 4

7 1 4

1 5 0

Provide support (practical/emotional/spiritual) with how to come out/sex change

2

3

1

1

1

2

2

1

3

2

1

3

2

2

1

6

5

3

1

1

1

3

3

1

6

4

4

1

2

1

1

1

1

2

0

4

1 0 4 28

1 0 4 25

0 0 4 32

0 2 6 31

0 0 2 57

1 0 4 30

3 1 3 20

0 3 7 15

0 2 21 8

TOTAL

(%) n=

Be more united / Include other identities than L-G (trans, bisexual, asexual, queer)

Avoid stereotypes (image not based on sexuality/partying / ordinary people)/Put more emphasis on normality than difference Greater accessibility/More communication with LGBTQ members (email, local branch) More visibility/awareness among the general public (media, activities, etc.) My sexuality is my business / did not come out yet / Don't need representation Avoid a negative approach in defending our rights (aggressiveness, self-pity, more positive slant, success stories) in communications Fight for better laws (accessibility to health care / services / opportunities) Educate children on gender/sexual diversity

Inform/Educate the general public on the difference between gender identity/sexual orientation Awareness raising among LGBTQ on gender identities/sexual orientations other than L-G Create contact opportunities between the general public and LGBTQ people outside of stereotypical events (e.g.parade) Cannot represent us all More support / accessibility / meeting places for LGBTQ youth

Other

Don't know / No answer / Nothing Q71. What could be done to improve the way in which current LGBTQ movements and groups represent your personal values and needs and those of LGBTQ individuals overall?

CROP

187


Suggestions on how to improve LGBT movements’ representation of the values of most members Base: Respondents who think that LGBT movements and groups do not fully represent their values and needs

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1614

113

581

535

385

Be more united / Include other identities than L-G (trans, bisexual, asexual, queer)

19

9

12

27

17

More ethnic, rural, senior, political, professional (police) inclusion

16 10

7 2

11 9

20 15

17 7

9

1

16

8

8

9 7 3

17 2 0

5 12 5

8 5 3

12 7 3

3

10

3

3

2

3 2 2 2 2 1

1 1 1 6 5 1

2 4 2 2 2 2

3 1 1 3 1 2

4 3 5 1 1 1

1

1

1

2

1

1 0 4 28

4 0 3 35

0 0 8 26

1 0 2 25

0 1 5 33

(%) n=

Be more democratic / Diverse spokespeople (other than white gay men / trans people) Avoid stereotypes (image not based on sexuality/partying / ordinary people)/Put more emphasis on normality than difference Greater accessibility/More communication with LGBTQ members (email, local branch) More visibility/awareness among the general public (media, activities, etc.) Fight for better laws (accessibility to health care / services / opportunities) Avoid a negative approach in defending our rights (aggressiveness, self-pity, more positive slant, success stories) in communications My sexuality is my business / did not come out yet / Don't need representation Educate children on gender/sexual diversity They're doing fine / Keep up the good work Provide support (practical/emotional/spiritual) with how to come out/sex change Inform/Educate the general public on the difference between gender identity/sexual orientation Awareness raising among LGBTQ on gender identities/sexual orientations other than L-G Create contact opportunities between the general public and LGBTQ people outside of stereotypical events (e.g.parade) Cannot represent us all More support / accessibility / meeting places for LGBTQ youth Other Don't know / No answer / Nothing

Q71. What could be done to improve the way in which current LGBTQ movements and groups represent your personal values and needs and those of LGBTQ individuals overall?

CROP

188


Perceived existence of stereotypes among LGBT communities Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

No

22%

Yes, a lot

40%

Total Yes 78% 38% Yes, a little

Q73. Do you feel some LGBTQ groups stereotype other LGBTQ groups?

CROP

189


Perceived existence of stereotypes among LGBT communities Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes, a lot

40

35

42

51

50

33

31

Yes, a little

38

39

36

31

35

35

46

No

22

26

22

18

15

33

23

Total yes

78

74

78

82

85

67

77

(%) n=

Q73. Do you feel some LGBTQ groups stereotype other LGBTQ groups?

CROP

190


Perceived existence of stereotypes among LGBT communities Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes, a lot

40

39

37

50

35

39

34

57

48

Yes, a little

38

41

36

32

34

38

44

28

41

No

22

19

27

18

31

22

22

15

11

Total yes

78

81

73

82

69

78

78

85

89

(%) n=

Q73. Do you feel some LGBTQ groups stereotype other LGBTQ groups?

CROP

191


Perceived existence of stereotypes among LGBT communities Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Yes, a lot

40

38

28

47

41

Yes, a little

38

39

36

32

47

No

22

23

36

21

11

Total yes

78

77

64

79

89

(%) n=

Q73. Do you feel some LGBTQ groups stereotype other LGBTQ groups?

CROP

192


Perceived stereotypes within the LGBT community Base: Respondent who think that some LGBT groups stereotype other LGBT groups (n=1458)

Lesbians are masculine / Butch/Dyke/Lipstick / Are scary/radical feminists

18%

Gays are effeminate / Twinks/bears/leather/bitch/fags

16%

There's no such thing as bisexual/pansexual/asexual: confused/not in tune with their sexuality / Closet‌

13%

All gay men are white, young & handsome / Prejudice based on ethnic origin/age/religion/income

13%

Misconception / Non-recognition / Contempt toward trans/non-binary people Mutual gay-lesbian hostility / G-L antagonism toward Queer / Homonormativity

12% 10%

Trans people are not "real" men/women / All trans people are Drag Queens/sex workers / Trans people are flaky/fragile

6%

All gay/trans/LGBTQ people are excessive (sex, drugs, STDs, alcohol, partying)

6%

Bisexual/Pansexual people are obsessed with sex / would have sex with anyone / Unfaithful

5%

Bi-phobia / Prejudice against bisexual/pansexual/non-binary people (unspecified)

5%

Usual stereotypes about gays/lesbians/trans people... (unspecified)

3%

All LGBTQ people have great bodies / Cult of the body / Artificial people

7%

Asexual people are afraid of sex / are prudes / will end up alone

1%

The list is too long / All the stereotypes found in the general population

7%

U-haul phenomenon for lesbians (move in together right away)

1%

Conflicts / Stereotypes / labels for every type of LGBTQ (unspecified) LGBTQ people are flamboyant / flashy (appearance & behaviour)

7%

6%

Other I don't know / No answer

11% 15%

Q74. What stereotypes are there within the LGBTQ community?

CROP

193


Perceived stereotypes within the LGBT community Base: Respondent who think that some LGBT groups stereotype other LGBT groups

TOTAL

(%)

Age 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1458

278

610

233

144

99

94

Gays are effeminate / Twinks/bears/leather/bitch/fags

18 16

18 15

17 13

14 14

20 13

17 21

22 19

There's no such thing as bisexual/pansexual/asexual: confused/not in tune with their sexuality / Closet homosexuals / just looking for attention

13

39

27

18

11

8

4

All gay men are white, young & handsome / Prejudice based on ethnic origin/age/religion/income

13

2

4

13

12

6

19

Incomprehension / Non-recognition / Contempt toward trans/non-binary people

LGBTQ people are flamboyant / flashy (appearance & behaviour)

12 10 7 7 7 6

15 4 4 2 1 7

14 8 3 3 6 9

13 12 10 13 8 6

11 20 11 9 10 8

4 6 5 17 10 4

12 6 4 1 5 3

Trans people are not "real" men/women / All trans people are Drag Queens/sex workers / Trans people are flaky/fragile

6

6

4

8

5

7

3

All gay/trans/LGBTQ people are excessive (sex, drugs, STDs, alcohol, partying)

6

4

4

7

9

10

3

Bisexual/Pansexual people are obsessed with sex / would have sex with anyone / Unfaithful Bi-phobia / Prejudice against bisexual/pansexual/non-binary people (unspecified)

5

20

14

5

3

4

1

5 3 1 1 11 15

4 3 5 1 13 8

6 4 3 1 6 14

6 2 1 2 7 11

5 3 0 0 8 12

1 3 0 0 22 5

5 2 0 0 12 24

n=

Lesbians are masculine / Butch/Dyke/Lipstick / Are scary/radical feminists

Mutual gay-lesbian hostility / G-L antagonism toward Queer / Homonormativity All LGBTQ people have great bodies / Cult of the body / Artificial people The list is too long / All the stereotypes found in the general population Conflicts / Stereotypes / labels for every type of LGBTQ (unspecified)

Usual stereotypes about gays/lesbians/trans people... (unspecified) Asexual people are afraid of sex / are prudes / will end up alone U-haul phenomenon for lesbians (move in together right away) Other I don't know / No answer Q74. What stereotypes are there within the LGBTQ community?

CROP

194


Perceived stereotypes within the LGBT community Base: Respondent who think that some LGBT groups stereotype other LGBT groups

Sexual orientation

Gender identity Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demigender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

Binary Trans person

1458

594

466

242

94

1158

116

134

41

18 16

22 23

13 8

20 7

7 6

20 17

7 10

14 7

12 6

13

5

24

25

26

12

12

19

59

13

20

2

7

9

13

9

13

7

All LGBTQ people have great bodies / Cult of the body / Artificial people

12 10 7

12 10 10

7 10 2

15 9 3

34 10 6

9 9 7

29 17 5

34 17 2

36 2 1

The list is too long / All the stereotypes found in the general population

7

6

6

9

2

6

9

13

0

Conflicts / Stereotypes / labels for every type of LGBTQ (unspecified)

7

8

6

5

2

7

4

7

1

LGBTQ people are flamboyant / flashy (appearance & behaviour)

6

6

4

3

13

5

1

13

9

Trans people are not "real" men/women / All trans people are Drag Queens/sex workers / Trans people are flaky/fragile

6

5

2

17

9

4

17

16

4

All gay/trans/LGBTQ people are excessive (sex, drugs, STDs, alcohol, partying)

6

7

3

4

10

6

1

11

7

Bisexual/Pansexual people are obsessed with sex / would have sex with anyone / Unfaithful Bi-phobia / Prejudice against bisexual/pansexual/non-binary people (unspecified)

5

1

8

13

9

5

3

14

12

5 3 1 1 11 15

2 4 0 1 13 13

12 1 1 1 8 24

7 2 1 4 8 6

7 1 13 0 9 12

5 3 1 1 11 16

5 1 1 0 11 11

11 2 4 1 4 3

2 1 5 24 5 11

TOTAL

(%) n=

Lesbians are masculine / Butch/Dyke/Lipstick / Are scary/radical feminists Gays are effeminate / Twinks/bears/leather/bitch/fags There's no such thing as bisexual/pansexual/asexual: confused/not in tune with their sexuality / Closet homosexuals / just looking for attention All gay men are white, young & handsome / Prejudice based on ethnic origin/age/religion/income Incomprehension / Non-recognition / Contempt toward trans/non-binary people Mutual gay-lesbian hostility / G-L antagonism toward Queer / Homonormativity

Usual stereotypes about gays/lesbians/trans people... (unspecified) Asexual people are afraid of sex / are prudes / will end up alone U-haul phenomenon for lesbians (move in together right away) Other I don't know / No answer Q74. What stereotypes are there within the LGBTQ community?

CROP

195


Perceived stereotypes within the LGBT community Base: Respondent who think that some LGBT groups stereotype other LGBT groups

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1458

105

497

485

371

18 16

10 6

12 15

21 23

21 12

There's no such thing as bisexual/pansexual/asexual: confused/not in tune with their sexuality / Closet homosexuals / just looking for attention All gay men are white, young & handsome / Prejudice based on ethnic origin/age/religion/income

13

15

11

11

17

13

27

6

14

12

Incomprehension / Non-recognition / Contempt toward trans/non-binary people

LGBTQ people are flamboyant / flashy (appearance & behaviour)

12 10 7 7 7 6

31 3 8 13 2 4

13 12 7 2 8 9

8 11 7 11 6 5

11 8 6 5 8 4

Trans people are not "real" men/women / All trans people are Drag Queens/sex workers / Trans people are flaky/fragile

6

3

6

7

4

All gay/trans/LGBTQ people are excessive (sex, drugs, STDs, alcohol, partying)

6

0

6

5

7

Bisexual/Pansexual people are obsessed with sex / would have sex with anyone / Unfaithful Bi-phobia / Prejudice against bisexual/pansexual/non-binary people (unspecified)

5

4

4

6

5

5 3 1 1 11 15

1 1 1 5 6 21

7 3 1 1 16 9

5 2 1 0 12 13

4 3 1 1 8 19

(%) n=

Lesbians are masculine / Butch/Dyke/Lipstick / Are scary/radical feminists Gays are effeminate / Twinks/bears/leather/bitch/fags

Mutual gay-lesbian hostility / G-L antagonism toward Queer / Homonormativity All LGBTQ people have great bodies / Cult of the body / Artificial people The list is too long / All the stereotypes found in the general population Conflicts / Stereotypes / labels for every type of LGBTQ (unspecified)

Usual stereotypes about gays/lesbians/trans people... (unspecified) Asexual people are afraid of sex / are prudes / will end up alone U-haul phenomenon for lesbians (move in together right away) Other I don't know / No answer Q74. What stereotypes are there within the LGBTQ community?

CROP

196


Impact of sexual orientation or gender identity on personal wellbeing and on certain life choices REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation/ gender identity Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation / gender identity

Perceived level of difficulty in life due to sexual orientation / gender identity

Rather poorly Very poorly

A lot more difficult

Neither more or less difficult

2% 8%

17%

30%

47% Rather well

42%

Very well

A lot less difficult

37%

9% 8%

A little more difficult

A little less difficult

Q85. Generally speaking, would you say that you live very well, rather well, rather poorly or very poorly with your sexual orientation/gender identity? Q87. Do you feel that overall, your life will be or will have been more difficult, less difficult or neither more nor less difficult than that of someone who is not part of a sexual minority?

CROP

198


Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation/ gender identity Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Very well

47

33

35

45

45

53

54

Rather well

42

52

52

45

45

36

36

A lot more difficult

17

17

13

13

18

17

20

A little more difficult

37

44

34

50

32

36

28

Neither more or less difficult

30

23

33

25

29

34

33

(%) n=

Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation / gender identity

Perceived level of difficulty in life due to sexual orientation / gender identity

Q85. Generally speaking, would you say that you live very well, rather well, rather poorly or very poorly with your sexual orientation/gender identity? Q87. Do you feel that overall, your life will be or will have been more difficult, less difficult or neither more nor less difficult than that of someone who is not part of a sexual minority?

CROP

199


Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation/ gender identity Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Very well

47

61

32

27

37

51

30

25

23

Rather well

42

33

52

63

36

40

51

60

66

A lot more difficult

17

21

6

21

4

14

46

29

7

A little more difficult

37

37

38

36

30

36

35

54

68

Neither more or less difficult

30

24

39

31

48

32

9

8

9

(%) n=

Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation / gender identity

Perceived level of difficulty in life due to sexual orientation / gender identity

Q85. Generally speaking, would you say that you live very well, rather well, rather poorly or very poorly with your sexual orientation/gender identity? Q87. Do you feel that overall, your life will be or will have been more difficult, less difficult or neither more nor less difficult than that of someone who is not part of a sexual minority?

CROP

200


Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation/ gender identity Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Very well

47

47

59

40

47

Rather well

42

37

37

46

43

A lot more difficult

17

36

15

14

18

A little more difficult

37

35

40

37

35

Neither more or less difficult

30

16

31

29

32

(%) n=

Ability to live well with one’s sexual orientation / gender identity

Perceived level of difficulty in life due to sexual orientation / gender identity

Q85. Generally speaking, would you say that you live very well, rather well, rather poorly or very poorly with your sexual orientation/gender identity? Q87. Do you feel that overall, your life will be or will have been more difficult, less difficult or neither more nor less difficult than that of someone who is not part of a sexual minority?

CROP

201


Impact of sexual orientation / gender identity on quality of life Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Your intimate relationships

28%

Your mental health

22%

Your physical health

18%

Your family life 13%

30%

25%

23%

25%

23%

21%

15% 5%

26%

45%

6%

12% 2%

Total (very + rather positive)

Total (very + rather negative)

58%

19%

47%

32%

41%

14%

34%

21% 7%

38%

28%

Your career

9% 18%

57%

11%5%

27%

16%

Your financial progression in life

8% 18%

57%

12%5%

26%

18%

Very positive impact

Rather positive impact

No impact

Rather negative impact

Very negative impact Q86. Do you feel that your sexual orientation / gender identity has had a very positive, rather positive, rather negative, very negative or no impact on the following aspects of your life:

CROP

202


Impact of sexual orientation / gender identity on the place of residence Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Yes, I’ve changed regions or chosen a region because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed neighborhoods or chosen a neighborhood because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

15%

12%

10%

Yes, I would like to change regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

5%

Yes, I’ve changed countries because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

4%

Yes, I would like to change neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation No my sexual orientation does not have any influence on where I live

Total Yes 37%

8%

3%

63%

Q40. Does or could your sexual orientation / gender identity have an impact on your choices about where to live?

CROP

203


Impact of sexual orientation / gender identity on the place of residence Base: Total respondents

COMMUNITY SIZE TOTAL

1 million+ inhabitants

100,000 to 1 million inhabitants

10,000 to 99,999 inhabitants

Less than 10,000 inhabitants

1897

958

571

191

177

15

20

13

5

10

10

14

8

5

5

Yes, I’ve changed countries because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

4

6

3

-

2

Yes, I would like to change regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

5

5

4

7

5

3

3

2

1

3

8

11

7

2

-

12

14

12

4

7

No my sexual orientation does not have any influence on where I live

63

55

66

81

75

Total yes

37

45

34

19

25

(%) n=

Yes, I’ve changed regions or chosen a region because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed neighborhoods or chosen a neighborhood because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

Yes, I would like to change neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

Q40. Does or could your sexual orientation / gender identity have an impact on your choices about where to live?

CROP

204


Impact of sexual orientation / gender identity on the place of residence Base: Total respondents

AGE TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

15

1

6

14

22

14

19

10

1

4

16

10

7

11

4

1

3

6

11

5

0

5

9

11

6

2

3

3

3

9

6

2

2

3

2

8

6

7

9

12

7

6

12

12

10

19

17

8

7

63

71

71

54

48

70

70

37

29

29

46

52

30

30

(%) n=

Yes, I’ve changed regions or chosen a region because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed neighborhoods or chosen a neighborhood because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed countries because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would like to change regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would like to change neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation No my sexual orientation does not have any influence on where I live Total yes

Q40. Does or could your sexual orientation / gender identity have an impact on your choices about where to live?

CROP

205


Impact of sexual orientation / gender identity on the place of residence Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

15

21

5

9

7

15

16

8

18

10

14

4

7

7

11

9

3

17

4

4

4

3

0

4

3

1

7

5

4

6

6

4

4

11

10

12

3

2

4

4

2

2

8

6

3

8

9

5

8

3

8

10

13

7

12

14

7

12

5

11

23

23

9

63

55

75

72

79

65

50

56

67

37

45

25

28

21

35

50

44

33

(%) n=

Yes, I’ve changed regions or chosen a region because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed neighborhoods or chosen a neighborhood because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed countries because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would like to change regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would like to change neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I would hesitate before changing regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation No my sexual orientation does not have any influence on where I live Total yes

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Q40. Does or could your sexual orientation / gender identity have an impact on your choices about where to live?

CROP

206


Impact of sexual orientation / gender identity on the place of residence Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

15

9

13

21

12

10

7

6

15

9

4

0

2

5

5

Yes, I would like to change regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

5

6

5

3

6

Yes, I would like to change neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

3

2

2

3

3

Yes, I would hesitate before changing neighborhoods because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

8

2

4

9

10

Yes, I would hesitate before changing regions because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

12

3

8

14

14

No my sexual orientation does not have any influence on where I live

63

83

70

55

63

Total yes

37

17

30

45

37

(%) n=

Yes, I’ve changed regions or chosen a region because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed neighborhoods or chosen a neighborhood because of my gender identity / sexual orientation Yes, I’ve changed countries because of my gender identity / sexual orientation

Q40. Does or could your sexual orientation / gender identity have an impact on your choices about where to live?

CROP

207


Experiencing negative or depressive feelings in connection with the sexual orientation / gender identity Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Yes, that has happened to me a little in the past

36% Yes in the past 68%

Yes, that happened to me a lot in the past

Yes, I currently feel a bit like that

33%

Total Yes 81% 19% Yes currently 28%

Yes, I feel that a lot, currently

No

11%

19%

Q84. Do you ever or have you ever had feelings of confusion, loneliness, isolation and discouragement related to your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

208


Experiencing negative or depressive feelings in connection with the sexual orientation / gender identity Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes, that has happened to me a little in the past

36

40

37

29

31

31

43

Yes, that happened to me a lot in the past

33

35

34

39

44

32

24

Yes, I currently feel a bit like that

19

30

29

22

19

15

12

Yes, I feel that a lot, currently

11

19

11

15

10

6

7

No

19

11

18

20

11

25

22

Yes, in the past

68

73

68

66

74

62

67

Yes, currently

28

47

40

35

29

21

19

Total yes (currently or in the past)

81

89

82

80

89

75

78

(%) n=

Q84. Do you ever or have you ever had feelings of confusion, loneliness, isolation and discouragement related to your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

209


Experiencing negative or depressive feelings in connection with the sexual orientation / gender identity Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, Cisgender person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes, that has happened to me a little in the past

36

38

37

28

34

38

19

24

35

Yes, that happened to me a lot in the past

33

37

20

36

37

30

57

51

38

Yes, I currently feel a bit like that

19

13

24

26

43

17

21

41

21

Yes, I feel that a lot, currently

11

6

12

21

21

7

40

20

23

No

19

17

26

19

10

21

4

2

20

Yes, in the past

68

74

56

63

69

67

74

72

72

Yes, currently

28

18

36

44

63

24

55

61

44

Total yes (currently or in the past)

81

83

74

81

90

79

96

98

80

(%) n=

Q84. Do you ever or have you ever had feelings of confusion, loneliness, isolation and discouragement related to your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

210


Experiencing negative or depressive feelings in connection with the sexual orientation / gender identity Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Yes, that has happened to me a little in the past

36

17

38

41

31

Yes, that happened to me a lot in the past

33

38

27

31

38

Yes, I currently feel a bit like that

19

23

22

19

15

Yes, I feel that a lot, currently

11

14

7

11

12

No

19

22

21

15

23

Yes, in the past

68

55

65

71

68

Yes, currently

28

37

28

29

25

Total yes (currently or in the past)

81

78

79

85

77

(%) n=

Q84. Do you ever or have you ever had feelings of confusion, loneliness, isolation and discouragement related to your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

211


The main challenges LGBT people face Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Coming out constantly/Daily discrimination/Dealing with prejudice Hard to form committed romantic relationships with LGBTQ (smaller pool, fewer opportunities to meet someone / superficial hookups) Acceptance / Respect / Feeling I’m understood/believed / Not always having to explain Prejudice at work / Reject by coworkers / Impact on career Afraid for my safety/physical health (bullying / traveling abroad / STDs / surgery-related risks) Family acceptance/support

11% 7% 6% 6% 6%

Loneliness / Ending up old and alone

3%

Interactions/Lack of understanding of public services (health professionals,… 2% Body-related issues – Access to medication/treatment/surgery (cost &… 2% Acceptance by the partner (mainly asexual)

1%

Bisexuals: finding sexual fulfillment without being judged (partner, society…

1%

Issues within the LGBTQ community (stereotypes, lack of empathy, Bi/A-…

1%

5%

Mental health problems / Lack of mental health-related medical resources

1%

Worries about gay aging (loneliness / prejudice in senior home)

5%

Being different in a rural environment/my region (fewer LGBTQ/Prejudice)

1%

Problems coming out (family / work / friends)/Accepting oneself

5%

Other

Building a family / Having children / Difficulties faced by children of gay parents

3%

DNK / NR

4% 1%

No particular challenge: 53% Q88. In your opinion, what are the main challenges or difficulties that you currently have to face or will have to face in the future because of your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

212


The main challenges LGBT people face Base: Total respondents

TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

11

25

14

16

14

12

4

7

6

6

4

12

3

8

6 6

10 7

8 5

6 13

8 4

6 6

4 1

6

8

6

11

8

9

0

5 5 5 3 3

10 0 10 1 0

9 0 6 2 1

8 1 6 7 2

6 3 4 7 2

2 5 3 3 1

0 11 4 0 5

2

3

2

4

0

0

3

2 1

4 3

1 3

3 1

4 0

1 0

1 0

1

0

3

1

0

0

2

1 1 1 4 1 53

0 2 0 6 0 40

2 2 0 3 1 55

2 3 1 4 2 46

1 1 1 6 1 43

0 0 1 3 3 59

0 0 1 5 0 62

(%) n=

Coming out constantly/Daily discrimination/Dealing with prejudice Hard to form committed romantic relationships with LGBTQ (smaller pool, fewer opportunities to meet someone / superficial hookups) Acceptance / Respect / Feeling I’m understood/believed / Not always having to explain Prejudice at work / Reject by coworkers / Impact on career Afraid for my safety/physical health (bullying / traveling abroad / STDs / surgery-related risks) Family acceptance/support Worries about gay aging (loneliness / prejudice in senior home) Problems coming out (family / work / friends)/Accepting oneself Building a family / Having children / Difficulties faced by children of gay parents Loneliness / Ending up old and alone Interactions/Lack of understanding of public services (health professionals, administration, police etc.) Body-related issues – Access to medication/treatment/surgery (cost & wait) Acceptance by the partner (mainly asexual) Bisexuals: finding sexual fulfillment without being judged (partner, society etc.)/ Being viewed as a sexual object / deviant Issues within the LGBTQ community (stereotypes, lack of empathy, Bi/A-erasure) Mental health problems / Lack of mental health-related medical resources Being different in a rural environment/my region (fewer LGBTQ/Prejudice) Other DNK / NR No particular challenge

AGE

Q88. In your opinion, what are the main challenges or difficulties that you currently have to face or will have to face in the future because of your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

213


The main challenges LGBT people face Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

11

12

8

21

9

9

19

42

15

7

5

7

12

5

6

12

6

2

6 6

5 5

5 4

10 13

6 2

5 3

11 28

13 18

16 4

6

8

2

6

12

5

18

15

2

5 5 5 3 3

4 7 2 4 4

6 2 10 1 1

6 1 5 4 1

8 0 17 1 1

4 5 4 3 3

9 2 10 0 6

9 1 9 3 1

2 1 8 21 0

2

3

0

3

10

2

9

6

0

2 1

1 0

0 1

5 2

6 8

0 1

24 3

2 0

2 1

1

0

4

1

0

1

0

0

0

1 1 1 4 1 53

1 1 1 4 0 55

1 1 0 4 3 57

5 6 0 5 0 38

1 1 0 7 0 47

1 1 1 4 1 58

1 6 0 9 1 14

2 5 0 5 0 29

20 10 0 2 0 30

(%) n=

Coming out constantly/Daily discrimination/Dealing with prejudice Hard to form committed romantic relationships with LGBTQ (smaller pool, fewer opportunities to meet someone / superficial hookups) Acceptance / Respect / Feeling I’m understood/believed / Not always having to explain Prejudice at work / Reject by coworkers / Impact on career Afraid for my safety/physical health (bullying / traveling abroad / STDs / surgery-related risks) Family acceptance/support Worries about gay aging (loneliness / prejudice in senior home) Problems coming out (family / work / friends)/Accepting oneself Building a family / Having children / Difficulties faced by children of gay parents Loneliness / Ending up old and alone Interactions/Lack of understanding of public services (health professionals, administration, police etc.) Body-related issues – Access to medication/treatment/surgery (cost & wait) Acceptance by the partner (mainly asexual) Bisexuals: finding sexual fulfillment without being judged (partner, society etc.)/ Being viewed as a sexual object / deviant Issues within the LGBTQ community (stereotypes, lack of empathy, Bi/A-erasure) Mental health problems / Lack of mental health-related medical resources Being different in a rural environment/my region (fewer LGBTQ/Prejudice) Other DNK / NR No particular challenge

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demigender

Binary Trans person

TOTAL

Q88. In your opinion, what are the main challenges or difficulties that you currently have to face or will have to face in the future because of your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

214


The main challenges LGBT people face Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

11

11

11

11

12

7

11

5

6

8

6 6 6 5 5 5 3 3 2 2 1

3 8 2 3 9 1 7 2 0 0 1

4 6 3 3 5 7 5 4 1 1 1

6 6 7 4 5 6 3 1 4 2 0

9 5 8 7 3 3 2 4 2 3 2

1

0

0

1

3

1 1 1 4 1 53

4 3 3 1 0 51

2 1 1 3 0 53

1 1 1 5 2 53

1 2 0 6 0 53

(%) n=

Coming out constantly/Daily discrimination/Dealing with prejudice Hard to form committed romantic relationships with LGBTQ (smaller pool, fewer opportunities to meet someone / superficial hookups) Acceptance / Respect / Feeling I’m understood/believed / Not always having to explain Prejudice at work / Reject by coworkers / Impact on career Afraid for my safety/physical health (bullying / traveling abroad / STDs / surgery-related risks) Family acceptance/support Worries about gay aging (loneliness / prejudice in senior home) Problems coming out (family / work / friends)/Accepting oneself Building a family / Having children / Difficulties faced by children of gay parents Loneliness / Ending up old and alone Interactions/Lack of understanding of public services (health professionals, administration, police etc.) Body-related issues – Access to medication/treatment/surgery (cost & wait)

Acceptance by the partner (mainly asexual) Bisexuals: finding sexual fulfillment without being judged (partner, society etc.)/ Being viewed as a sexual object / deviant Issues within the LGBTQ community (stereotypes, lack of empathy, Bi/A-erasure) Mental health problems / Lack of mental health-related medical resources Being different in a rural environment/my region (fewer LGBTQ/Prejudice) Other DNK / NR No particular challenge

Q88. In your opinion, what are the main challenges or difficulties that you currently have to face or will have to face in the future because of your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

215


Perceived advantages or possibilities Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Made me more tolerant and open-minded

8%

Helped me to become more confident/fulfilled / to accept myself

Feeling of belonging to a community

6%

4%

Meeting people who are different/interesting/open-minded (partner, friends, at work)

3%

Fulfilling romantic/sexual relationships /More options

3%

Various work/studies-related advantages 2% Practical benefits (no risk of pregnancy, no children, more money/freedom, no risk of STDs)

1%

Legal benefits as a member of a "minority" group

1%

Improved my creativity/selfexpression/personality

1%

Other

DNK/NR

3%

1%

Gave me the tools to help others 2%

No particular advantage or possibilities: 73% Q89. Does your sexual orientation / gender identity bring with it particular possibilities or advantages that are or could be useful or beneficial in your life?

CROP

216


The life realities of LGBT people compared to heterosexual cisgender individuals (when applicable) REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Happiness, sources of entertainment, social activities and community involvement REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Feeling of happiness Base: Total respondents

AVERAGE SCORE LGBT 3.6

HETERO CISGENDER 3.7

48% 41% 29%

28% 18%

9% 4%

16%

7%

1%

1- Very unhappy

2

LGBT (n=1897)

3

4

5- Very happy

Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q69. On a scale from 1 to 5 where 1 means very unhappy and 5 very happy, to what extent to you consider yourself to be happy?

CROP

219


Feeling of happiness Base : Total respondents

TOTAL

n=

Feeling of happiness (median)

15-17 Y/O

18-24 Y/O

25-34 Y/O

55+ Y/O

LGBT

HETERO CIS.

LGBT

HETERO CIS.

LGBT

HETERO CIS.

LGBT

HETERO CIS.

LGBT

HETERO CIS.

LGBT

HETERO CIS.

LGBT

1897

800

95

380

198

779

87

296

91

177

122

139

207

126

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.0

3.6

3.3

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.7

3.9

3.8

3.8

TOTAL LGBT

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

3.6

3.7

3.6

3.2

3.3

3.7

3.2

2.9

3.2

(%) Feeling of happiness (median)

45-54 Y/O

HETERO CIS.

Sexual orientation

n=

35-44 Y/O

Q69. On a scale from 1 to 5 where 1 means very unhappy and 5 very happy, to what extent to you consider yourself to be happy?

CROP

220


Main leisure activities (1/2) Base: Total respondents

74% 67%

66% 61%

53%

54%

61% 53%

57%

46%

44% 39%

41% 37%

41% 40%

39% 38%

36% 34%

33% 22%

Spending time Watching TV with friends

Listening to Surfing the web music

LGBT (n=1897)

Reading

Cooking

Dining out (restaurants)

Travelling (vacation or weekend)

Going to the Having friends Going to the movies or family over museum, for a meal/ theaters or dining in shows

Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q54. What are the main activities you do in your leisure time?

CROP

221


Main leisure activities (2/2) Base: Total respondents

35% 29%

29%

34% 27%

27% 20%

24%22%

12%

Outdoor activities

Shopping

Some other Playing video artistic activity games (painting, drawing, singing)

LGBT (n=1897)

22% 16%

18%18%

19% 13%

16%

18% 13%

7% Gardening

Playing music

Working out at the gym

Going to bars / Practicing sports Home renovation clubs / construction

Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q54. What are the main activities you do in your leisure time?

CROP

222


Going out to places where LGBT people hang out Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

Regularly

10%

More and more often

5%

Less and less often

28%

38% Occasionally

Rarely

Never

28%

39%

23%

Neither more nor less

I've never been

47%

19%

Q59. How often do you go out to places where people with the same sexual orientation / gender identity as you tend to hang out (gay village, bars, restaurants, clubs that are mainly patronized by LGBTQ individuals)? Q60. Do you go to this type of place‌ ?

CROP

223


Going out to places where LGBT people hang out Base : Total respondents (n=1897)

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Regularly

10

13

7

8

1

11

9

3

3

Occasionally

28

35

22

23

7

28

24

31

36

…more and more often

5

4

7

8

8

4

13

13

5

…less and less often

28

37

19

10

10

29

23

14

3

…neither more nor less

47

50

43

50

40

49

35

41

55

…I've never been

19

9

31

32

42

18

28

32

37

(%) n=

Frequency of visit to places where LGBT people hang out

Go to these types of places…

Q59. How often do you go out to places where people with the same sexual orientation / gender identity as you tend to hang out (gay village, bars, restaurants, clubs that are mainly patronized by LGBTQ individuals)? Q60. Do you go to this type of place…?

CROP

224


Going out to places where LGBT people hang out Base : Total respondents (n=1897)

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

Regularly

10

16

8

Occasionally

28

38

24

…more and more often

5

3

4

…less and less often

28

37

41

…neither more nor less

47

54

43

…I've never been

19

7

12

(%) n=

Frequency of visit to places where LGBT people hang out

Go to these types of places…

Q59. How often do you go out to places where people with the same sexual orientation / gender identity as you tend to hang out (gay village, bars, restaurants, clubs that are mainly patronized by LGBTQ individuals)? Q60. Do you go to this type of place…?

CROP

225


Going out to places where LGBT people hang out Base : Total respondents (n=1897)

AGE TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Regularly

10

2

8

12

11

12

10

Occasionally

28

8

20

28

27

33

33

…more and more often

5

6

11

6

5

9

1

…less and less often

28

5

9

26

39

25

36

…neither more nor less

47

17

37

53

45

57

49

…I've never been

19

71

43

14

11

9

14

(%) n=

Frequency of visit to places where LGBT people hang out

Go to these types of places…

Q59. How often do you go out to places where people with the same sexual orientation / gender identity as you tend to hang out (gay village, bars, restaurants, clubs that are mainly patronized by LGBTQ individuals)? Q60. Do you go to this type of place…?

CROP

226


Composition of the circle of friends

Base: Transgender respondents (n=319)

…heterosexual people whose gender identity is the same as that whichthey were assigned at birth

…trans individuals or people with the same gender identity as yourself

…LGBTQ individuals with different sexual orientations / gender identities

...a good mix of people from all three of these categories

31%

Base: Non-heterosexual LGBT respondents (n=1874)

…heterosexual people

…people with the same sexual orientation as you

4%

…LGBTQ individuals with different sexual orientations / gender identities

22%

43%

...a good mix of people from all three of these categories

32%

13%

7%

48%

Q57a-b. Is your circle of friends comprised mainly of…?

CROP

227


Composition of the circle of friends Base : Total respondents LGBT (n=1897 ) / Hetero cisgender respondents (n=800)

14%

Exclusively of people in your age group

Exclusively of people who are older

Exclusively of people who are younger

Of people in your age group and people who are older Of people in your age group and people who are younger Of people in your age group, people who are older and people who are younger

17% 2% 2% 3% 2% 11% 15%

9% 6% 62% 59%

Q58. Is your circle of friends comprised‌?

CROP

228


Social involvement Base: Total respondents LGBT (n=1897 ) / Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Volunteer work

Financial donations 62%

62%

60%

55% 45% 40%

38%

Yes

LGBT

No

Hetero cisgender

Yes

38%

No

LGBT

Hetero cisgender

Q61. Do you volunteer time to any causes? Q63. Do you support any causes by donating money to charity organisations?

CROP

229


Social involvement as a volunteer Base : Total respondents LGBT (n=1897 )

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes

45

44

44

56

22

45

39

49

50

No

55

56

56

44

78

55

61

51

50

(%) n=

Volunteer time

AGE TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes

45

52

41

46

45

58

40

No

55

48

59

54

55

42

60

(%) n=

Volunteer time

Q61. Do you volunteer time to any causes?

CROP

230


Causes involved in as a volunteer Base: Respondents who volunteer time for a cause

38%

35% 30% 25%

23%

24%

22%

18%

17% 12%

19%

18% 13%

13%

10%

9% 6%

2%

2%

LGBTQ rights Organisations Organisations Politicised aimed at that support movements helping people research, around social in difficulty disease justice prevention and assistance for the sick

LGBT (n=855)

Environment

Animal protection

12%

Organisations Women’s rights Professional in the arts associations

11%

4%

Nationwide Religious programmes organisations that fight against poverty

Hetero cisgender (n=330)

Q62. What types of causes do you volunteer time for?

CROP

231


Financially supported causes Base: Respondents who gave money to a cause

54%

44% 39%

41% 35% 24% 25%

24% 19% 15% 5%

17% 12%

17% 7%

20% 16%

15%16%

10% 5%

1% Organisations Organisations LGBTQ rights that support aimed at research, helping people disease in difficulty prevention and assistance for the sick

Animal protection

LGBT (n=909)

Environment

Politicised International aid Organisations Women’s rights Nationwide Religious movements and in the arts programmes organisations around social development that fight justice programmes against poverty

Hetero cisgender (n=461)

Q64. What types of causes do you support financially?

CROP

232


Romantic and family relationships REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Age at the first sexual encounter Base: Respondents who are already sexually active

AVERAGE AGE LGBT 18.1 YEARS OLD

HETERO CISGENDER 19.1 YEARS OLD

47%

36% 29%

29%

32%

9%

Less than 15 years old

9%

Between 15 and 17 years old

LGBT (n=1448)

Between 18 and 24 years old

9%

25 or over

Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q42. How old were you when you first had sex?

CROP

234


Type of partner at the first sexual encounter Base: Total respondents (n=1897)

TOTAL

Gay

Lesbian

Bisexual man

Bisexual woman

Trans man

Trans woman

Trans, non-binary or Genderfluid

1897

400

302

109

446

81

66

172

With a man

60

77

54

31

68

36

19

39

With a woman

30

18

37

66

18

38

70

36

Trans / Non-binary / Genderfluid person

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

2

Other

1

3

0

0

0

2

0

2

I have never had sexual relations

9

2

9

3

12

23

10

21

(%) n=

Q41. The first time you had sexual relations with someone, was it‌ ?

CROP

235


Proportion of respondents who are currently in a long-term romantic relationship Base: Total respondents

68%

51%

49%

32%

Yes LGBT (n=1897)

No Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q43. Are you currently in a long-term romantic/affective relationship?

CROP

236


Proportion of respondents who are currently in a long-term romantic relationship Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes

51

51

55

59

11

52

39

53

55

No

49

49

45

41

89

48

61

47

45

(%) n=

Currently in a romantic relationship

AGE TOTAL

15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes

51

29

45

62

54

65

44

No

49

71

55

38

46

35

56

(%) n=

Currently in a romantic relationship

Q43. Are you currently in a long-term romantic/affective relationship?

CROP

237


Proportion of respondents who are currently in a long-term romantic relationship Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

Yes

51

49

62

No

49

51

38

(%) n=

Currently in a romantic relationship

Q43. Are you currently in a long-term romantic/affective relationship?

CROP

238


Proportion of respondents who are in an open romantic relationship Base : Respondents who are currently in a long-term romantic relationship

96%

76%

24% 4% Yes

No

LGBT (n=927)

Hetero cisgender (n=506)

% recalculated based on TOTAL sample: LGBT population: 12% Heterosexual cisgender population: 3%

Q50. Would you qualify your current romantic/affective relationship as an open relationship?

CROP

239


Proportion of respondents who are in an open romantic relationship Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes

12

11

14

19

-

12

15

16

34

No

39

41

41

40

11

41

24

37

21

Not in a long-term romantic relationsh.

49

49

45

41

89

48

61

47

45

(%) n=

Currently in an open romantic relationship

AGE TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes

12

4

8

20

7

20

8

No

39

25

37

43

47

44

35

Not in a long-term romantic relationsh.

49

71

55

38

46

35

56

(%) n=

Currently in an open romantic relationship

Q50. Would you qualify your current romantic/affective relationship as an open relationship?

CROP

240


Proportion of respondents who are in an open romantic relationship Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

Yes

12

13

2

No

39

36

60

Not in a long-term romantic relationsh.

49

51

38

(%) n=

Currently in an open romantic relationship

Q50. Would you qualify your current romantic/affective relationship as an open relationship?

CROP

241


Type of desired relationship Base: Respondent who are not currently in a romantic relationship

47%

34%

33% 27%

25% 15%

14% 5%

…a long-term romantic/affective …a happy, fulfilling romantic life relationship without focussing on the long term LGBT (n=880)

…sexual experiences and adventures

None of these choices

Hetero cisgender (n=294)

Q45. Currently, are you looking for… ?

CROP

242


Type of desired relationship Base : Respondent who are not currently in a romantic relationship (n=880)

Currently looking for...

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.*

Cisgender

880

374

302

156

*

701

79

70

23

…a long-term romantic/affective relationship

34

42

23

22

-

34

48

36

7

…a happy, fulfilling romantic life without focussing on the long term

27

23

27

45

-

26

25

26

74

…sexual experiences and adventures

14

11

21

14

-

14

4

15

6

None of these choices

25

24

28

19

-

26

23

24

13

(%) n=

Currently looking for...

AGE TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

880

247

356

99

69

49

60

…a long-term romantic/affective relationship

34

30

38

48

37

24

29

…a happy, fulfilling romantic life without focussing on the long term

27

44

28

28

42

33

15

…sexual experiences and adventures

14

10

17

9

12

24

14

None of these choices

25

16

17

15

9

19

42

(%) n=

*This question was not asked of asexual respondents Q45. Currently, are you looking for…?

CROP

243


Proportion of respondents who are currently married or wish to marry someday Marital status

Desire to marry

Base: respondents who are currently in a romantic relationship

Base: Respondents who are not married and are looking for a committed relationship

65%

63%

53% 39%

38%

32%

37%

35%

23% 14%

Yes

No

LGBT (n=927)

Hetero cisgender (n=506)

Yes

No LGBT (n=1475)

Maybe

Hetero cisgender (n=433)

% of respondents who are married or wish to marry recalculated based on TOTAL sample: LGBT population (n=1897): 42% Heterosexual cisgender population (n=800): 67% Q44. Are you married? Q47. Would you like to be married someday?

CROP

244


Proportion of respondents who are currently married or wish to marry someday Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Are married or wish to marry some day

42

38

49

52

28

41

58

39

33

Are not married and do not wish to marry

58

62

51

48

72

59

42

61

67

(%) n=

TOTAL

(%)

AGE 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Are married or wish to marry some day

42

46

54

55

48

39

26

Are not married and do not wish to marry

58

54

46

45

52

61

74

n=

Q44. Are you married? Q47. Would you like to be married someday?

CROP

245


Proportion of respondents who are currently married or wish to marry someday Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

Are married or wish to marry some day

42

31

51

Are not married and do not wish to marry

58

69

49

(%) n=

Q44. Are you married? Q47. Would you like to be married someday?

CROP

246


Proportion of respondents who have children or wish to have children someday Children

Wish to have children

Base: Total respondents

Base : Respondents with no children

52% 79% 38% 54%

36% 29%

46%

26%

19% 21%

Yes LGBT (n=1897)

No Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Yes

No LGBT (n=1661)

Maybe

Hetero cisgender (n=470)

% of respondents who have/wish to have children recalculated based on TOTAL sample: LGBT population (n=1897): 36% Heterosexual cisgender population (n=800): 72% Q48. Do you have children? Q49. Would you like to have children someday?

CROP

247


Proportion of respondents who have children or wish to have children someday Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Have children or wish to have children

36

23

54

55

40

36

34

37

41

Have no children and do not wish to have any

64

77

46

45

60

64

66

63

59

(%) n=

TOTAL

(%)

AGE 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Have children or wish to have children

36

29

43

40

36

35

32

Have no children and do not wish to have any

64

71

57

60

64

65

68

n=

Q48. Do you have children? Q49. Would you like to have children someday?

CROP

248


Proportion of respondents who have children or wish to have children someday Base : Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

Have children or wish to have children

36

16

38

Have no children and do not wish to have any

64

84

62

(%) n=

Q48. Do you have children? Q49. Would you like to have children someday?

CROP

249


Level of difficulty experienced in the current romantic relationship Base: Respondents currently in a long-term romantic relationship

Total (very & rather) easy LGBT: 84% Total (very & rather) easy Hetero cisgender: 83% 55% 46%

38%

Total (very & rather) difficult LGBT: 16% Total (very & rather) difficult Hetero cisgender: 17% 27%

14%

15%

2% Very easy

Rather easy

LGBT (n=927)

Rather difficult

2%

Very difficult

Hetero cisgender (n=506)

Q51. Is your current romantic/affective relationship easy or difficult ?

CROP

250


Level of difficulty experienced in the current romantic relationship Base: Respondents currently in a long-term romantic relationship, n=927

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.*

Cisgender

927

392

321

158

26

765

61

71

24*

Very easy

38

46

32

23

20

40

23

27

11

Rather easy

46

40

49

60

76

44

59

60

79

Difficult (rather + very)

16

14

19

17

4

15

19

13

10

(%) n=

AGE TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

927

110

370

190

106

89

62

Very easy

38

32

30

31

33

51

44

Rather easy

46

46

51

55

42

36

41

Difficult (rather + very)

16

21

18

14

25

12

15

(%) n=

Q51. Is your current romantic/affective relationship easy or difficult ?

CROP

*N.B.: Small sample size, results to be interpreted with caution 251


Proportion of respondents who were a victim of abuse from a romantic partner Base: Total respondents

68% 58%

34% 26%

8%

Yes

No

LGBT (n=1897)

6%

I have never had a romantic partner

Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q52. Have you ever been a victim of abuse, whether physical or psychological, from a romantic partner?

CROP

252


Proportion of respondents who were a victim of abuse from a romantic partner Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes

34

23

33

42

42

48

22

No

58

45

48

55

50

52

72

I have never had a romantic partner

8

32

18

4

8

0

6

(%) n=

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Binary Trans Cisgender person

Non-bin.: Non-binary genderfluid, Trans agender or person demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes

34

29

41

41

11

32

39

44

55

No

58

64

52

49

64

60

52

47

34

I have never had a romantic partner

8

6

7

10

25

7

9

9

11

(%) n=

Q52. Have you ever been a victim of abuse, whether physical or psychological, from a romantic partner?

CROP

253


Proportion of respondents who were a victim of abuse from a romantic partner Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL

Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Yes

34

30

37

35

31

No

58

67

57

58

58

I have never had a romantic partner

8

2

6

7

11

(%) n=

Q52. Have you ever been a victim of abuse, whether physical or psychological, from a romantic partner?

CROP

254


Professional life and consumption behaviours REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Type of worker Base: rĂŠpondants qui ont un emploi

87%

83%

17%

Salaried

LGBT (n=1250)

13%

Independent consultant / self-employed

Hetero cisgender (n=523)

Q65. Are you a salaried or a self-employed worker?

CROP

256


Field of work Base: Salaried workers

51%

49%

Public sector

LGBT (n=1050)

51%

49%

Private sector

Hetero cisgender (n=458)

Q66. Do you work in the public or private sector?

CROP

257


Field of work Base: Salaried workers

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1050

286

186

Public sector

51

40

63

Private sector

49

60

37

(%) n=

Q66. Do you work in the public or private sector?

CROP

258


Field of work Base: Salaried workers

20%

13% 11%

10%

9% 6%

5%

7% 7%

7%

6%

5%

7%

6%

5%

3%

Finance and insurance

Health and social services

Education

IT (Information technology)

LGBT (n=1250)

Retail

Arts and leisure Vehicles and sector transportation

Sales and marketing

7% 5%

5%

4%

Management Hotels and and restaurant sector administration

Hetero cisgender (n=523)

Q67. What field do you work in?

CROP

259


Desired field of work after completion of studies Base: Respondents currently studying

23% 21%

13%

13%

7% 5%

12%

6% 4%

5%

4%

5%

11% 6% 4%

4%

5%

4% 0%

Health and social services

Education

Management Arts and leisure Legal services and sector administration

LGBT (n=954)

Sciences, engineering

IT (Information technology)

1%

Finance and Hairdressing, Vehicles and insurance aesthetics, body transportation care

Hetero cisgender (n=260)

Q68. Which field would you like to work in after finishing your studies?

CROP

260


Biggest types of expenses Base: LGBT respondents (n=1897)

Only a few minor variances with hetero cisgender respondents on these spending categories

76%

45% 38%

Food

35%

31%

27%

24%

20%

LGBT

HC

Travel (vacation or weekend)

38%

44%

Buying clothes, shoes and clothing related accessories

35%

42%

Buying alcohol (beer, wine, spirits))

27%

22%

Having friends or family over for a meal / dining in

24%

18%

Going to the museum, theaters or shows

20%

14%

18%

17%

Dining out (at Travel Buying Books, Buying alcohol Having friends Going to the Beauty care or Home restaurants) (vacation or clothes, shoes movies, music (beer, wine, or family over museum, products (hair renovation / weekend) and clothing spirits) for a meal / theaters or or body care) construction related dining in shows accessorie

Q55. Which of the following spending categories take up the largest proportion of your budget (excluding expenses related to your lodging)?

CROP

261


Dress style Base: Total respondents

47% 39% 35% 27% 21% 17%

6%

5%

3%

My dress style is very My dress style is a little bit I have a fairly classic dress My dress style is my own, much inspired by fashion inspired by fashion trends style with little to do with fashion trends trends LGBT (n=1897)

1%

Other

Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q56. Which of the following statements best describes your attitude when it comes to style?

CROP

262


Dress style Base : Total respondents (n=1897)

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

My dress style is very much inspired by fashion trends

6

7

5

3

1

6

5

5

1

My dress style is a little bit inspired by fashion trends

17

16

17

24

11

17

20

18

17

I have a fairly classic dress style My dress style is my own, with little to do with fashion trends Other

27

35

23

8

10

29

17

3

2

47

39

52

60

68

44

50

73

74

3

3

3

4

10

3

8

1

6

(%) n=

TOTAL

(%)

AGE 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

My dress style is very much inspired by fashion trends

6

6

10

6

4

10

3

My dress style is a little bit inspired by fashion trends

17

30

26

25

19

10

9

I have a fairly classic dress style My dress style is my own, with little to do with fashion trends Other

27

7

14

21

32

26

37

47

54

48

42

43

52

47

3

3

2

5

2

2

4

n=

Q56. Which of the following statements best describes your attitude when it comes to style?

CROP

263


Bullying and high-risk behaviours REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Proportion of respondents who have experienced bullying Base: Total respondents

Total “bullied” LGBT: 75% Total “bullied” Hetero cisgender: 55%

46%

45%

42% 38% 31%

29%

31%

25%

10%

Yes, linked to my sexual orientation / gender identity

Yes, linked to my appearance

Yes, linked to my way of Yes, linked to something behaving or expressing else myself

LGBT (n=1897)

No, never

Hetero cisgender (n=800)

Q35. Have you ever been a victim of bullying, threats or hurtful or unkind comments?

CROP

265


Proportion of respondents who have experienced bullying Base: Total respondents

Age TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

Yes, linked to my sexual orientation / gender identity

46

34

38

55

50

56

39

Yes, linked to my appearance

42

44

54

61

40

37

27

Yes, linked to my way of behaving or expressing myself

38

48

47

45

52

31

26

Yes, linked to something else

31

44

38

36

30

13

29

No, never

25

19

17

15

21

27

37

Total yes

75

81

83

85

79

73

63

(%) n=

Q35. Have you ever been a victim of bullying, threats or hurtful or unkind comments?

CROP

266


Proportion of respondents who have experienced bullying Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation

Gender identity

TOTAL

Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

Yes, linked to my sexual orientation / gender identity

46

56

27

43

32

44

55

62

64

Yes, linked to my appearance

42

37

40

62

50

38

65

69

76

Yes, linked to my way of behaving or expressing myself

38

37

33

52

44

35

54

62

59

Yes, linked to something else

31

27

30

44

31

30

24

41

70

No, never

25

23

33

17

28

27

21

4

7

Total yes

75

77

67

83

72

73

79

96

93

(%) n=

Q35. Have you ever been a victim of bullying, threats or hurtful or unkind comments?

CROP

267


Proportion of respondents who have experienced bullying Base: Total respondents

Sexual orientation TOTAL Gay

Lesbian

1897

400

302

Yes, linked to my sexual orientation / gender identity

46

61

44

Yes, linked to my appearance

42

38

32

Yes, linked to my way of behaving or expressing myself

38

44

16

Yes, linked to something else

31

29

25

No, Never

25

19

32

Total yes

75

81

68

(%) n=

Q35. Have you ever been a victim of bullying, threats or hurtful or unkind comments?

CROP

268


Proportion of respondents who have experienced bullying Base: Total respondents

REGION TOTAL Atlantic

Quebec

Ontario

West

1897

131

720

610

436

Yes, linked to my sexual orientation / gender identity

46

62

43

50

40

Yes, linked to my appearance

42

50

33

47

42

Yes, linked to my way of behaving or expressing myself

38

48

28

43

39

Yes, linked to something else

31

45

24

32

32

No, never

25

21

31

18

30

Total yes

75

79

69

82

70

(%) n=

Q35. Have you ever been a victim of bullying, threats or hurtful or unkind comments?

CROP

269


Environment where bullying was experienced in connection with sexual orientation/gender identity Base: Respondents who were a victim of bullying linked to their sexual orientation/gender identity (n=781)

62%

60%

33%

31%

20%

17%

14%

11%

9%

1% Public places

School environment

Work environment

Within my family

Within the LGBTQ community

Among my In health care Within circle of friends establishments associations

During Online/on social administrative media processes

2% Other

Q36. In what types of environments did you find yourself being a victim of bullying, threats or hurtful or unkind comments linked to your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

270


Environment where bullying was experienced for a reason other than sexual orientation or gender identity Base: Respondents who were a victim of bullying

70% 64%

42%

28%

28% 26%

26% 24%

21%20%

16% 10%

7%

7% 6%

6% 6%

5% 6%

Within associations

During administrative processes

Other

nd School environment

Public places

Within my family

Work environment

LGBT (n=1300)

Among my circle of friends

Within the LGBTQ community

In health care establishments

Hetero cisgender (n=417)

Q37. In what types of environments did you find yourself being a victim of bullying, threats or hurtful or unkind comments linked to other things than your sexual orientation / gender identity?

CROP

271


Proportion of respondents with high-risk behaviours Base : Total respondents (LGBT n=1897, Hetero cisgender n=800)

…consumed alcohol excessively and repetitively

…had unprotected sex with people that you know very little or not at all

49%

LGBT 59%

52%

58%

Total yes HETERO CISGENDER 42%

38%

41%

Total yes LGBT 61%

HETERO CISGENDER 48%

39%

32% 32% 27%

11%

9% 3% 3%

7% 1%

Yes, I have in Yes, it happens, Yes, it happens, the past regularly occasionally

LGBT*

6%

Hetero cisgender

No, Never

Yes, I have in Yes, it happens, Yes, it happens, the past regularly occasionally

LGBT

No, Never

Hetero cisgender

* Excluding asexual respondents (n=116) Q53. Do you or have you ever…?

CROP

272


Proportion of respondents with high-risk behaviours Base : Total respondents (LGBT n=1897, Hetero cisgender n=800)

…consumers “hard” drugs (e.g., cocaine, heroine, amphetamines, LSD)

…consumed “soft” drugs (e.g., cannabis, ecstasy) 66%

89%

Total yes HETERO CISGENDER 34%

LGBT 59%

31%

Total yes LGBT 26%

41%

HETERO CISGENDER 11%

74%

27% 20%

20%

11% 4%

Yes, I have in Yes, it happens, Yes, it happens, the past regularly occasionally

LGBT

9%

3%

Hetero cisgender

1% 1% No, Never

6%

1%

Yes, I have in Yes, it happens, Yes, it happens, the past regularly occasionally

LGBT

No, Never

Hetero cisgender

Q53. Do you or have you ever…?

CROP

273


Proportion of respondents with high-risk behaviours Base : Total respondents (n=1897)

Sexual orientation TOTAL

Gender identity Non-bin.: Binary Trans Non-binary genderfluid, person Trans person agender or demi-gender

Homo.

Bi.

Pan.

Asex.

Cisgender

1897

766

623

314

116

1526

147

157

52

…had unprotected sex with people that you know very little or not at all

59

64

56

43

61

46

35

36

…consumed alcohol excessively and repetitively

61

62

61

68

29

62

60

59

43

…consumed “soft” drugs (e.g., cannabis, ecstasy)

59

61

56

73

22

59

54

59

52

…consumers “hard” drugs (e.g., cocaine, heroine, amphetamines, LSD)

26

31

22

20

1

28

19

13

10

(% total yes) n=

*

AGE TOTAL 15-17

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55+

1897

380

779

296

177

139

126

…had unprotected sex with people that you know very little or not at all

59

8

35

62

59

71

69

…consumed alcohol excessively and repetitively

61

28

57

74

66

51

60

…consumed “soft” drugs (e.g., cannabis, ecstasy)

59

28

52

75

60

35

62

…consumers “hard” drugs (e.g., cocaine, heroine, amphetamines, LSD)

20

1

12

27

31

13

19

(% total yes) n=

*Question not asked of asexual respondents Q53. Do you or have you ever…?

CROP

274


Sociocultural values of the LGBT population REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

life to ideas


Sociocultural values that characterize the LGBT population more than the Canadian population Openness toward others and in terms of social norms

Work is not as important in their daily lives, but a greater desire to do work that is useful and allows them to feel fulfilled

FLEXIBLE DEFINITION OF FAMILY (203) CULTURAL FUSION (150)

REPRIORITIZING OF WORK (143) FULFILLMENT AT WORK (125)

A desire for self-expression and creativity in their daily lives

Pursuit of personal happiness

PERSONAL CREATIVITY (136)

HAPPINESS OVER DUTY (133)

Ecological and social awareness SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (125) ECOLOGICAL LIFESTYLE (125)

Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

A willingness and a feeling of being able to cope with the world today and the way it keeps on changing, and of seizing any opportunities it may present ADAPTABILITY (113) Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 276


Sociocultural values that characterize the LGBT population less than the Canadian population

A greater feeling of connection to society and the world around them (less social disconnect than in the general population)

ANOMIE / SOCIAL DISCONNECT (79)

Less interest in health and body image EFFORTS FOR HEALTH (68) IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL BEAUTY (60)

Greater financial flexibility, i.e. a greater tendency to spend the money they earn rather than save it.

SAVING ON PRINCIPLE (78)

The family does not hold as much sway in their daily lives and decisions PRIMACY OF THE FAMILY (51)

Un moins grand intérêt pour l’aspect utilitaire des choses. PRIMAUTE DE L'UTILITE (88) Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 277


Sociocultural values that equally characterize the LGBT population and the general population

An equal penchant for hedonism among the LGBT population and the general population

A similar attraction to innovation & and consumption among both the LGBT community and the general population

INTENSITY AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES/HYPERRATIONALITY

EARLY ADOPTION PURSUIT OF NOVELTY GADGET ZEAL OSTENTATIOUS CONSUMPTION JOY OF CONSUMPTION

A similar desire to hone their critical skills, mostly in the area of consumption

They give as much importance to their appearance as the average Canadian

Equal proportions of people in both populations have a hard time finding meaning in their lives

CONCERN FOR APPEARANCE

AIMLESSNESS

CROP

DISCRIMINATING CONSUMERISM ETHICAL CONSUMERISM

278


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish the LGBT population as a whole Strong desire of personal fulfillment Creativity, openness Pursuit of authenticity Social and ecological awareness Adaptability, in tune with society Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values

As a result, people who are generally more likely to: • Enjoy the pleasures of life, are hedonistic, display a certain form of carefreeness, give great importance to their well-being, sometimes to the detriment of obligations, and are receptive to any type of approach that incarnates their philosophy of life (e.g. humorous, carefree, positive)

• Put great stock in the notions of respecting and understanding oneself and others (on a global scale and in life in general) and expect others to approach them in the same spirit • Like to live and progress with the times, and are more apt to think outside the box, particularly when they are in solution-finding mode CROP

279


Distinctive sociocultural values based on sexual orientation REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

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Distinctive sociocultural values based on sexual orientation – the big picture (1/2) TOTAL LGBT

GAY

LESBIAN

BISEXUAL

PANSEXUAL

ASEXUAL

203 150

205 139

216 161

181 139

230 197

168 174

FULFILLMENT AT WORK

143 125

152 116

148

157 118

170 143

78 113

PERSONAL CREATIVITY

136

141

145

-

223

-

HAPPINESS OVER DUTY INTENSITY AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES/HYPERRATIONALITY

133

-

140

140

195

138

-

-

84

91

88

84

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

ECOLOGICAL LIFESTYLE

125 125

143

205 168

-

150 -

150 64

ADAPTABILITY

113

119

110

113

-

85

FLEXIBLE DEFINITION OF FAMILY CULTURAL FUSION REPRIORITIZING OF WORK

Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 281


Distinctive sociocultural values based on sexual orientation – the big picture (2/2) TOTAL LGBT

GAY

LESBIAN

BISEXUAL

PANSEXUAL

ASEXUAL

UTILITARIAN CONSUMERISM

88

90

119

83

85

67

ANOMIE / SOCIAL DISCONNECT AIMLESSNESS

79 -

55 -

74 65

138

114 -

124 169

SAVING ON PRINCIPLE

78

72

87

83

74

-

EFFORTS FOR HEALTH CONCERN FOR APPEARANCE

68 60 -

76 67 -

76 47 68

68 67 68

36 53 72

76 73 128

PRIMACY OF THE FAMILY

51

40

55

70

47

43

-

-

114 142

-

121 -

84

-

75 -

69 89 46 62 89

115

83 89 83 82 118

112 115 50 149

IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL BEAUTY

DISCRIMINATING CONSUMERISM ETHICAL CONSUMERISM JOY OF CONSUMPTION PURSUIT OF NOVELTY OSTENTATIOUS CONSUMPTION

EARLY ADOPTION GADGET ZEAL

Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 282


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish the GAY population Strong desire of personal fulfillment… While a little less focused on pleasure than some other LGBT groups

Creativity, openness

Pursuit of authenticity Ecological awareness… But no particular social bend unlike other LGBT groups

Adaptability, in tune with society … GAYS form the LGBT group that rates the highest on the social connectivity indicator

Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values

Colour code: Similar to the LGBT population as a whole Slightly different from the LGBT population as a whole Very different from the LGBT population as a whole

CROP

283


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish the LESBIAN population Extremely characterized by their social awareness, their need to feel useful, to contribute‌ LESBIANS are the LGBT group that scores highest on this indicator

Strong desire of personal fulfillment Creativity, openness Pursuit of authenticity Adaptability, in tune with society AND a greater ability to give meaning to their lives (vs. the average population and the other LGBT groups)

Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values

Colour code: Similar to the LGBT population as a whole

Very strategic consumers (more focused on usefulness and ethics than pleasure)‌ LESBIANS are more characterized on this aspect than the average population and several LGBT groups CROP

Slightly different from the LGBT population as a whole Very different from the LGBT population as a whole

284


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish the BISEXUAL population Strong desire of personal fulfillment Creativity, openness

Pursuit of authenticity Adaptability‌ BUT some difficulty giving meaning to their lives Not distinctive from the average population in terms of social and ecological awareness, unlike most of the other LGBT groups Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values‌ but not as strong as the other LGBT groups

Colour code: Similar to the LGBT population as a whole Slightly different from the LGBT population as a whole Very different from the LGBT population as a whole

CROP

285


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish the PANSEXUAL population Very strong desire of personal fulfillment PANSEXUALS are one of the LGBT groups that score highest on this indicator

Great creativity and openness PANSEXUALS are one of the LGBT groups that score highest on these traits

Pursuit of authenticity Social awareness… But not especially ecological, unlike some of the other LGBT groups

A certain feeling of social disconnect… unlike gays and lesbians Colour code:

Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values Consumers who are more strategic than hedonistic, but who won’t resist the lure of certain gadgets CROP

Similar to the LGBT population as a whole Slightly different from the LGBT population as a whole Very different from the LGBT population as a whole

286


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish the ASEXUAL population

Desire of personal fulfillment BUT strong desire of fulfillment through work (vs. average population and other LGBT groups)

Openness BUT little creativity Social awareness BUT low ecological awareness Feeling of social disconnect AND great difficulty finding meaning in life Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values A certain concern for appearance and a desire to enjoy the pleasures of consumption

Colour code: Similar to the LGBT population as a whole Slightly different from the LGBT population as a whole

(perhaps from a need to belong or a form of release?) Very different from the LGBT population as a whole

CROP

287


Distinctive sociocultural values based on gender identity REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

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Distinctive sociocultural values based on gender identity – the big picture (1/2)

CISGENDER

BINARY TRANS PERSON

NON-BINARY TRANS PERSON

NON-BINARY: GENDERFLUID / AGENDER / DEMI-GENDER

203 150

200 145

192 174

246 184

243 221

FULFILLMENT AT WORK

143 125

139 123

130 136

170 138

178 161

PERSONAL CREATIVITY

136

132

145

223

209

HAPPINESS OVER DUTY INTENSITY AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES/HYPERRATIONALITY

133

125

190

170

173

-

-

84

-

70

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ECOLOGICAL LIFESTYLE

125 125

132

140 -

135 -

305 -

ADAPTABILITY

113

115

-

-

-

FLEXIBLE DEFINITION OF FAMILY CULTURAL FUSION REPRIORITIZING OF WORK

TOTAL LGBT

Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 289


Distinctive sociocultural values based on gender identity – the big picture (2/2)

CISGENDER

BINARY TRANS PERSON

NON-BINARY TRANS PERSON

NON-BINARY: GENDERFLUID / AGENDER / DEMI-GENDER

88

90

65

87

85

ANOMIE / SOCIAL DISCONNECT AIMLESSNESS

79 -

74 -

177

117 165

127

SAVING ON PRINCIPLE

78

80

72

67

85

EFFORTS FOR HEALTH IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL BEAUTY CONCERN FOR APPEARANCE

68 60 -

72 60 -

68 63 128

28 43 68

24 33 28

PRIMACY OF THE FAMILY

51

53

49

21

51

DISCRIMINATING CONSUMERISM ETHICAL CONSUMERISM

-

-

123 123

119

74

JOY OF CONSUMPTION PURSUIT OF NOVELTY OSTENTATIOUS CONSUMPTION EARLY ADOPTION GADGET ZEAL

-

-

131 74 111

73 62 58 47 115

44 74 46 50 129

TOTAL LGBT

UTILITARIAN CONSUMERISM

Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 290


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish TRANSGENDER and/or NON-BINARY individuals Very strong desire of personal fulfillment Most particularly among non-binary individuals

Extremely creative, openness Most particularly among non-binary individuals

Social awareness‌

Traits specific to binary transgender individuals:

Some concern for appearance and a desire to enjoy the pleasures of consumption (perhaps from a need to belong or a form of release?)

But not especially ecological, unlike cisgender LGBT people

Traits specific to non-binary individuals

Great difficulty finding meaning in life

Pursuit of authenticity and little focus on pleasure in consumption, although a certain attraction to gadgets

Most particularly among transgender individuals

Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values Colour code: Similar to the LGBT population as a whole Slightly different from the LGBT population as a whole Very different from the LGBT population as a whole

CROP

291


Distinctive sociocultural values by age group REPORT PREPARED FOR FONDATION JASMIN ROY

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Distinctive sociocultural values among age groups within the LGBT population – the big picture (1/2) TOTAL LGBT

15-17 y/o

18-24 y/o

25-34 y/o

35-54 y/o

55+ y/o

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

203 150

43 -

224 171

129

186 161

113

208 176

-

224 145

-

184 129

FULFILLMENT AT WORK

143 125

135 82

134

61 -

122 129

-

148 129

-

143 125

-

152 120

PERSONAL CREATIVITY

136

132

218

155

177

127

159

-

-

73

-

HAPPINESS OVER DUTY INTENSITY AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCESS/HYPERRATIONALITY

133

115

185

140

175

128

165

-

123

78

-

-

91

79

91

79

-

-

-

-

-

-

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ECOLOGICAL LIFESTYLE

125 125

55 39

160 75

79

125 -

-

145 -

-

132

129

164

ADAPTABILITY

113

110

-

119

-

110

-

-

-

90

131

FLEXIBLE DEFINITION OF FAMILY CULTURAL FUSION REPRIORITIZING OF WORK

Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 293


Distinctive sociocultural values among age groups within the LGBT population – the big picture (2/2) 15-17 y/o

TOTAL LGBT

18-24 y/o

25-34 y/o

35-54 y/o

55+ y/o

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

CAN POP.

LGBT

UTILITARIAN CONSUMERISM

88

121

79

-

87

-

75

-

90

-

-

ANOMIE / SOCIAL DISCONNECT AIMLESSNESS

79 -

-

112 150

136 135

117 169

114 127

123

-

64 -

81 -

60 -

SAVING ON PRINCIPLE

78

85

119

120

-

115

76

-

67

-

74

EFFORTS FOR HEALTH

117 136

48 43 80

120

60 53

CONCERN FOR APPEARANCE

68 60 -

-

-

-

80 57 -

-

72 50 76

PRIMACY OF THE FAMILY

51

83

34

-

53

-

55

-

57

-

47

-

58 116

74 132

-

126

112 -

-

-

-

-

-

-

127 128 167 115 144

77 50 127

119 111 154 118 125

112 133 127

113 119 142 135 116

124 115

-

90 54 -

81 79 54 68 78

81 54 71 -

IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL BEAUTY

DISCRIMINATING CONSUMERISM ETHICAL CONSUMERISM JOY OF CONSUMPTION PURSUIT OF NOVELTY OSTENTATIOUS CONSUMPTION EARLY ADOPTION GADGET ZEAL Legend: Differences vs. the Canadian population average are expressed as indices: 100 represents the average score given to the value by the Canadian population CROP

Very strong vs the Canadian population average Strong vs. the Canadian population average Weak vs. the Canadian population average Very weak vs. the Canadian population average 294


In a nutshell: main value axes that distinguish the various age groups within the LGBT population Characterizes all LGBT age groups:

Great desire for personal fulfillment

++ Disengagement from work among 25+ y/o LGBT ++ Desire to enjoy the pleasures of life among the youngest LGBT (under 35 y/o)

Openness

Characterizes all LGBT age groups, although this trait tends to lose intensity the older the get (as much among LGBT as in the general population)

Pursuit of authenticity

Characterizes all LGBT age groups, but more particularly the youngest cohort (15-17 y/o) and the oldest (55+ y/o)

Social and ecological awareness

Characterizes all LGBT age groups, but awareness is more social than ecological for the younger groups (under 35 y/o) and more ecological than social for the older groups (35+ y/o)

Disengagement vis-a-vis traditional family values

Characterizes all LGBT age groups, but stronger among the youngest

Creativity

Adaptability, in tune with society

Trait that is specific to LGBT individuals under 35 y/o This trait is also more prevalent among the youngest groups of the general population, but not as strong as among young LGBT groups) Trait that is specific to LGBT individuals 35+ y/o Conversely: the youngest LGBT members (most particularly 15-24 y/o) tend to find it hard to find meaning in life, even more than the youngest groups in the general population.

Some variations in attitudes toward consumption

The oldest LGBT segments are less focused on the pleasures of consumption and have less of a tendency to pursue social validation through consumption (as in the general population) The youngest segments are a little more attracted to consumption (mostly 18-24 y/o), but not as much as the youngest groups in the general population

CROP

295


555, RENÉ-LÉVESQUE OUEST MONTRÉAL (QUÉBEC) H2Z 1B1 BUREAU 1501 T 514 849-8086 WWW.CROP.CA

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