ç§ã¯10幎éããã®ã©ã°ããŒéžæãšããŠãã£ãªã¢ãç©ãã åŸã家æã®ã¯ã€ã³ãš ã¹ããŒããåŒãç¶ãã ãç¶ã¯ã©ã³ã°ããã¯ã®ãã¬ãã¢ã ã¯ã€ã³ãçºå±ãããå é§è ã ã£ããæåã¯1ãšã¹ããŒãã ã£ãã®ããä»ã§ã¯æé«ã®ããã¯ãŒã«ã«11ã® ãšã¹ããŒããææãããŸã§ã«ãªã£ãããšãèªãã«æããåãã©ã³ã¹ã¯ã€ã³ã®ä¿¡ é Œã«ããã代衚 è ãšããŠã å°äžæµ· ã®ã¢ãŒã«ïœ¥ã ãŽã£ãŒãŽã«ïŒç掻ã®çŸåŠïŒãã®äŸ¡å€èŠ³ãšãã©ã³ ã°ããã¯ã»ã«ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ããã¯ãŒã«ã®é©ã ã¹ãå€æ§æ§ãå ±æããããšã«å°å¿ã㊠ãããããªãã£ããã¯ç§ãã¡ã®çŽç² ãªäŒæ¥å²åŠã§ãããè¡èæ œå¹ã«æ å³ãäžãããçã§ã¯ææ©æ œå¹æ³ã® ã¿äœ¿çšããŠããããŸãæãšå€ªéœã®ç¹ æ®ãªæŠã«åºã¥ããŠãåããã»ã¹ã å®è¡ããŠãããåå£ãæ°åãåç©ãæ€ ç©ããšãã«ã®ãŒã®äžçå šäœã®ç°å¢ ã«é æ ®ããææ³ã§ããã Did you know?
450ha以äžã«ïŒã€ã®ãšã¹ããŒããææããããªãã£ãã蟲æ³ã§æ œå¹ãããžã§ã©ãŒã«ã»ã ã«ãã©ã³ã¯ãä»ããªãŒã¬ããã¯èŸ²æ³å®è·µãªãŒããŒã®äžå¡ã§ããã蟲æ³ãžã®é æ ®ã ã㧠ãªãã次äžä»£ã®ããã®ç°å¢ä¿è·ãäŒç€Ÿç念ã«æ®ããŠããã
ã«ãã»ïŒã«ã¢ãŒã«å®¶ã¯ã1989幎ã«ãã¡ãŒããåµãäžããåœåããããã®åå° ãšå°åã®çç©å€æ§æ§ãžã®å°éãèªãã«ç«ãŠãç°ãªãããã¯ãŒã«ãæ倧éè¡š çŸããŠãããä»å¹ŽãåããŠã®è©Šã¿ãšããŠãç§ãã¡ã¯æ代ãé¡ã£ãŠéŠ¬ãããã åŒããŠèããšãããæ°ãããææ³ã«åãçµãã ãåå£ã«æŽ»åãäžããã ã㧠ãªããè¡èã®è³ªã«ããã€ã¬ã¯ãã«å¥œã圱é¿ãåãŒããããã®å€é¢šãªããæ¹ã§ åãçµãããšããç§ãã¡ã®ææ°ææ³ã§ãããç§ãã¡ã®çç£æ¹æ³ã¯æ¹åãã ããä»å¹Žãç§ãã¡ã¯2ã€ã®æå³ã§éåžžã«å€§ããªåé²ãã¿ãããææ°éã®åç©« æ©ã«æè³ããããã€ãã®åºç»ã§æãŸããè¡èãããã¹ããªç¶æ ã§ã¯ã€ããªãŒ ãŸã§éã¶ããšãå¯èœã«ãããäºã€ç®ãã颚å³ã®å¹ ãåº ããããšã ã åµåãã®ã»ã¡ã³ãæšœãè©Šãã¶ã«ãã ã®ãªãŒããŒãªè¶£ã«è€éããæ·»ããã 2015幎ã¯ç§ãã¡ã®ãã¯ãŒããšã¬ã¬ã³ã¹ã ãã©ã³ã¹ãçºå±ãããã®ã«çæ³çãªå¹Ž ã§ãã£ãããŸãã«ããã¯ãŒã«ã«ãã㯠ã€ã³ã®å¹Žã ã£ããç§ãã¡ã®çœã¯ãã ã¯ãŒã«ãéåžžã«å¿ å®ã«è¡šçŸããŠããã å£ã®äžã§è±ãã«åºãããèµ€ã¯ãŸãã ããªã¿ã³ãã³ãšé©ãã»ã©è€éãªã¢ã ããšå ±ã«ãçŽãã«ãã®æ·±ãå³ããã 瀺ããç§éžã®å¹Žã瀺ãããŠããã
å匷ãã«ããŒè²ã§ãèµ€è€è²ã垯ã³ããåãã«ãããçããé»è²ã® æå®ã®æ¿çž®ããè³éŠã瀺ããã°ã©ã¹ã®ãªãã§å°ãæéã眮ããšã ã°ãªã«ããã¹ãã€ã¹ãšããŒã¹ããããªãŒã¯ã®ããè€éãªã¢ããã åºããã颚å³ã¯ã¿ãã¿ãããèŽ æ²¢ã§ããŽã§ã«ãŽã§ããã®ãããªã¿ ã³ãã³ãæã€ããã©ãã¯ããªãŒããã©ãã¯ãã§ãªãŒããã©ã ãšã ã£ãé»è²ã®æç©ã®ã¢ãããå床çŸããè€éãªçŠèã䌎ãããã³ ãã®é¢šå³ãžãšå°ããé·ãåŸå³ã®å®ç§ãªãã©ã³ã¹ã®äœé»ãæ®ãã è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã ã«ãã«ãã»ãã©ã³ã ã¡ã«ããŒãã·ã©ãŒãã«ãªãã£ã³ãã«ã©ãã㯠çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ 16âã§ãµãŒãïŒ1ã2æéåã«éããŠé£²ããšæ¥œãã ãïŒãããŒã¹ãããèµ€èã âé€æ²¹âã§å³ä»ããã家犜 èæçãçæãããããŒãºãšå®ç§ãªçžæ§ã
92 ãã€ã³ã
ã¯ã€ã³ã» ã¹ãã¯ãã€ã¿ãŒ
ããã¥ãŒã«ãããšãã¥ã¢ãŒã«ã»ã«ãŒãæ°ã®ïŒã€æã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ã§æ äŸãããŠããã ã«ãã«ãã¯äž»ã«ã«ã»ã«ã¹ãã¬ã®ç 質åå£ã§çé·ããè¡èããé ããããã®ç£å°ã¯è€éã§æ¿çž®ãã颚å³ã§ãåªããçæããã³ã· ã£ã«ãæã€ã¯ã€ã³ãç£ãããã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯çããé»è²ã®æå®ããã¹ ãã€ã·ãŒã§çŸå³ãªãã«ãµãã³ã®å«ã¿ãšèŠäºã«èª¿åããããã©ã ã¯ã«ã©ã³ããšããŒã¹ãããã¹ãã€ã·ãŒãªé¢šå³ã®è±ããªå³ããã¯ã ãããã«èåããã¿ã³ãã³ã«æ¯ããããŠããã è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³
ã«ã€ã»ããã¯ã¹ã§ã®âååâã¯ãæ¯å¹Žã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžã®çé«ãä¿æãããã£ãŠèªç¶ã«ããå®ããããããšãå°éããããšã§ãããè¡ èæ œå¹è ãã¯ã€ã³çç£è ã®åœ¹å²ã匷åããããšã«ããããã¬ãã·ã¥ãªæå®ã®é¢šå³ããµããŒãããçºãç¹çŽ°ãªãªãŒã¯ã®èåãæ¢æ± ããŠãããæçµæ®µéã§æã ã¯ãé žå³ãšã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«åºŠæ°ã«å¿ããã¿ã³ãã³ã«ãããäœæ¥ãæ瀺ããããããŠã¯ã€ã³ããŸãããã§ã㪠ããã ã·ã«ããŒãªã¯ã€ã³ã«ãããã©ã³ã¹ãéæããã ïŒã«ã€ã»ããã¯ã¹ ã¯ã€ã³ã¡ãŒã«ãŒ ãã¥ãŒãã£ã»ããª
é®®ãããªæ·±ã¿ã®ãã麊ããè²ãããŒãºã¯ãææ©é¡ã®ã¢ããã瀺ããã
æ·±ã¿ã®ããã«ããŒã¬ããè²ã§ã玫è²ã«åå°ããããã«ãŒããªãŒãã©ãº
ãã©ã«ã®ãããªå«ã¿ã䌎ããããã£ã¢ã ããã£ãçããæå®å³ã®ãã£
ããªãŒãã¢ã¬ããã§ãªãŒã®é»è²ãšèµ€è²ã®å°ããªæç©ã«ãã¬ãã·ã¥ãªã¢
ãããšããæ žãæã¡ã ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãªã³ãŽã®å«ã¿ãããããããã«ãã©
ãããç«ã¡äžããããããªã¹ãã€ã¹ã®å«ã¿ãæããããªããããªã¿ã³
ã³ã¹ãåããŠããããããã«ã«ãã«ãŒãã®éŠããšèª¿åããŠãããé·ãã
ãã³ããã¡ã éåžžã«æå®å³ã®ããã¯ã€ã³ã
ãŸãããã§äœé»ã®é·ãåŸå³ã§ãšã³ãŒããã
è¡èåçš®ïŒããã»ãã¯ãŒã«
è¡èåçš®ïŒã·ã£ã«ãã çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ éãšçæ³çãªçžæ§ã çœèº«ã®èãä»ã®ã·ãŒããŒããšåãããŠãè¯ãã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ 14âã§ãµãŒãŽãããŒã¹ããã°ãªã«ããèæçã§ãç¹ã«çèãšå¥œçžæ§ã ãœããããŒãºãšãçæ³çãªçžæ§ã
ããã·ã¥ã¢ã©ã³ã®æ·å°ã¯ïŒäžçŽã«ã ãŒã¢äººã«å±ãã以åŸã®æŽå²ã¯ã·ã£ããŒã 確ç«ããã1072幎ã«é¡ãã ã·ã£ããŒã¯ã 幌å°æã«ã¢ã³ãã¹ãã¥ãŒãéããããš èšãããŠããã 1973幎ã åå°ã¯ã¢ã³ãã¬ã»ãªã¥ã«ãã³ã«ãã£ãŠè³Œå ¥ããã ã³ã³ãµ ã«ã¿ã³ãã«ã¯ãäžççæš©åšã§ãããã¥ãã»ãã¥ãã«ãã¥ãŒãæèãè¡èå穫㯠æ®ã©ãææã¿ã èµ€ã¯ã€ã³ã¯12ã¶æã®æšœçæã§ã 50%ã¯æ°æšœã䜿çšããŠããã
ããŒãã·ã«ã家ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã§ã®ã¯ã€ã³é ãã®äŒçµ±ã¯18 6 8幎ããžã§ãŒã ãºã» ãã¥ã»ããŒãã·ã«ããã·ã£ããŒã»ã©ãã£ãããè³Œå ¥ããããšããå§ãŸã£ããïŒäž çŽä»¥äžç¶ãäžæã®æŽå²ã¯ãã¯ã€ã³çã«æ·±ãç¹ãã£ãŠããã19 73幎ã«ã·ã£ ããŒã»ã¯ã©ãŒã¯ãå«ãã¡ããã¯ã®ãªã¹ãã©ãã¯ãšã ãŒãªã¹ã»ã¯ãªã¥ã»ãã«ãžã§ã¯ ãè³Œå ¥ä»¥æ¥ãã¯ã€ã³é ãã®äºæ¥ãæ¡å€§ããäžçèŠæš¡ã®å±éãèªã£ãŠããã
ããŒãºã¯ã¢ã¬ããã§ãªãŒãšã¬ããã«ã©ã³ãã®ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ãæã€ããªãŒã¯ã¯
äžäœã®æ¿ãã®ã«ããŒè²ãããäžè²«ãããªã ã¹ãã©ã¯ãã£ãŒãæã€ãããã£
éåžžã«æ§ããã«èª¿åããŠãããé æçãªé¢šå³ã¯ãŸããšãŠãæ»ããã«åº
ã¢ã ããã£ããã«ãŒãã£ãŒã§ãã¬ãã·ã¥ãå°ã éã£ãœãã¿ã³ãã³ãšããã©
ããããããŠæãããªã¿ã³ãã³ã§ãªããã«å£äžãèŠãé åçãªçŽ æŽãã
ã€ãªåŸå³ãæã€ããçæã«ããæŽã«è¯ããªãã§ãããã ä»ã飲ã¿é ã
ããã©ã³ã¹ãæãã ä»ã飲ã¿é ã§ã 15幎éã¯çæå¯èœã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¡ã«ããŒã ã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³
è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã ã¡ã«ã㌠çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããããé³¥ãç©çèã®ã·ãã¥ãŒãšå¥œçžæ§ã
90 ãã€ã³ã
16
ãã€ã³ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã°ãªã«ããèããã©ã³ã¹ç£ããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
16.5 ãã€ã³ã
ã¯ã€ããªãŒãæã€åè¶ãããã«ããŒã¯ã€ã³ã®æŠå¿µãåæ ãããããäžè³ªã§ã ãŠããŒã¯ã§ãåæ§çããªãªãžãã«ã¯ã€ã³ãè¿œæ±ããããã«ããã¥ã«ãã¯æ¢ææŠ å¿µã«ãšããããããšãªãã ç¬åµçãªã¯ã€ã³é ããæ¢æ±ãããåªããåå£ãšãç ã®ãã€æ倧éã®ããã³ã·ã£ã«ãå©çšããŠã¯ã€ã³ãé ã£ãŠããã
13äžçŽããååšããåå°ã§ãããã¢ãã©ã·ãªã³ã®ãªãã§æãç§éžãªç«å°ã® ïŒã€ããšã¹ããŒãã®ååã®ç±æ¥ãšãªã£ãã·ã£ããŒã®éºè·¡ã¯ãè¡èæš¹ã®äžã«èŠ åºããã18äžçŽã«ã¯çã®æ¹é©ãè¡ãããåªãã財ç£ã®äžã€ãšãªã£ãããã®çŸ ããããã¯ãŒã«ã«é ãããããã¥ã«ãã¯ã 1990幎ã«ã·ã£ããŒãè²·åããã
ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã»ãã©ã³ã ãã§é ãããšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§ããã快掻ã§é©ãã»ã©
çããã³ã¯ã®ããã¯ã€ã³ã§ããã£ãããšããã¿ã³ãã³ãšã¬ãããã©ã ã®
ãã¬ãã·ã¥ãææ©é¡ã®éç«ã€ã¢ãããããã·ã§ã³ãã«ãŒãã®å«ã¿ãšè
颚å³ããããæ¿çž®ãããŠãããè±ããªãã£ã·ããšããå³ãããã¿ã³ãã³ã
åãããè€éãªè±éŠãšé åçã§æŽ»ã掻ããšãããã¬ãã·ã¥ãªé¢šå³ã¯æ
â»1 æããããªãããã2018幎以éã飲ã¿é ã ããã
é«ã®å³ããã瀺ãã åºæ¿çãªããªããšããé·ãåŸå³ã䌎ãã è¡èåçš®ïŒãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã»ãã©ã³
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¡ã«ããŒãã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã ããã£ïœ¥ãŽã§ã«ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã·ãŒããŒãæçããšã¹ããã¯æçãããŒãºå šè¬ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ èµ€èããžããšã ããŒãºã 家犜èïŒçœèæçãšå¥œçžæ§ã
ãã«ãŽãŒå°åºã«ãããæãå€ãæåãªã¯ãªã¥ã17äžçŽåã°ã«ãã«ããŒã®è²Žæ ã§ããŽã·ã¢ã³ã ã£ãããŒã¶ã³æ°ãçãè³Œå ¥ããããšã«å§ãŸãã1855幎ã®æ Œ ä»ãã®éã第ïŒçŽã§ïŒçªç®ãšãªã£ããã1994幎ããã·ã£ãã«ç€ŸããªãŒããŒãš ãªãã倧èŠæš¡ãªå建ãè¡ãªããããçŸåšã§ã¯ç¬¬2çŽã®äžã§ããããã¯ã©ã¹ã® ã¯ãªãªãã£ãŒãèªãã äžçäžã®ãã¬ã¹ãã泚ç®ãããŠããã
ã·ã£ããŒã»ãã«ã·ã¥ã¯ã9haåã®æš¹éœ¢ã®é«ããããŠã®æš¹ãçŸããã«ã³ããªãŒã ãŠã¹ãšå žåçãªã¡ããã¯æ§åŒã®ã»ã©ãŒãææããŠããã1932幎ãã¯ãªã¥ã»ãã« ãžã§ã¯ã«æ Œä»ãããã1994幎以æ¥ãããŒã©ã»ããã»ç€Ÿã管çã販売ããŠããã
89 ãã€ã³ã
å瀟ã®äž»åã¯ã€ã³ã®äžã€ãšãªã£ãŠãããäŒçµ±ãå®ããåå£ã®éãã«å¿ããŠé€ èå€ã¯äœ¿çšããã çãèããŠããã
ãããã«é ãããã»ã«ã³ãã¯ã€ã³ãçç£ã®61%ãå«ããã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒ
ããã«ã»ã°ã€ãšãŒåªå®ãè¡ãã1æ¬ã®æš¹ã«ã€ã4æ¿ãæ®ãã ãªãŒã¯æšœã§12
ãŽã£ããšã³ 56%ãã¡ã«ã㌠43%ãããã£ïœ¥ãŽã§ã«ã 1%ã®ãã¬ã³ããæ¿
ã¶æéçæããããæ¿çž®ããè²ãæ°åãããè€éãªã ã¡ããã¯ã®ã°ã©ã³ã»ã¯
ãã«ããŒïŒçŽ«è²ããã«ããªãŒããã©ãã¯ã«ã©ã³ãããã§ãªãŒãããŒã åå£ã
ãªã¥ã»ã¯ã©ãã»ã®ç¹åŸŽããã瀺ãããŒã±ãéŠããæ¿å¯ãªåŸå³ãé·ãç¶ãã
ã¢ãŒã·ãŒãé åçãªããŒã±ãç«ã¡äžããããã£ã¢ã ããã£ã飲ã¿æããæ
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¡ã«ããŒãã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã ã«ãã«ãã»ãã©ã³ã ããã£ã»ãŽã§ã«ããã«ã«ã¡ããŒã«
ãããªåŸå³ãæ®ããä»åŸ6ïœ8幎ã飲ã¿é ã ïŒããŒã«ãŒ 2014幎8æã³ã¡ã³ã åŒçšïŒ è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã ã¡ã«ããŒã ããã£ïœ¥ãŽã§ã«ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã°ãªã«ããèµ€èããœãŒã¹ã䜿ã£ãèæçãéãã»ããèžïŒãã«ããŒãèžïŒã ããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
以åã¯ãã®å¹Žã®ãããŠã®åºæ¥ããã§ãã¯ããããšãäž»ãªç®çãšãããã®ã§ãã£ããæ©ãåºè·ããããšãã ããŸãã質ã®æªããããŒãžã§ã¬ãŒ ããŒããŒããåºåã£ãããããã©ã³ã¹æ¿åºã解çŠæ¥ãå¶å®ããã解çŠæ¥ ãèšå®ããããšãããã€ãã³ããšããŠæ°é ã倧ã çã«è²©å£²ããæŠç¥ãææ³ã確ç«ããããä»å¹Žã®ã㌠ãžã§ã¬ãŒã¯ãããããªé£æ¬²ãããããéåžžã«ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãé»è²ã®æç©ã®ããããªå«ã¿ãæããããã ããŒãžã§ã¬å¥œãã®åéãåã°ãããšè«ãåãã ããããã§ãªã人ã«ããã¬ãã·ã¥ã§å®çæå®æãã£ã·ã ã®ã çŸå³ãªã¯ã€ã³ã ãšåããã ããããã€ã§ãåéãšæ¯é楜ããã§ïŒ
ããããªæ·±ã¿ã®ããã«ãŒãã€ã³ã¬ã
å匷ãã¬ãŒãããã¬ããè²ãè³éãªã
ãè²ã éåžžã«è¡šçŸè±ããªããŒãºã¯ã ã
ãŒãºã¯ãã©ãã¯ã«ã©ã³ãã ã©ãºããªãŒã®
ã©ãã¯ããªãŒãšåçž®ãããã©ãã¯ãã§
çããè³éŠãç«ã¡äžããæ¿åã§é¢šå³
ãªãŒã®å«ã¿ãããããã¬ãã·ã¥ã§å¿«
è±ããªãæç©ã®å«ã¿ãæãã ïŒçãç
掻ãªå£åœããã瀺ãã ãŸãããã§æã
ããšããã€ããŽã®æãããªãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹
ããªé¢šå³ãžãšç¶ãããããã«æœåºã
ãæ åŸã«è¡šããïŒãå¿« 掻ãªå³ããã
ããããšã瀺ãããœãããªæžã¿ãæ
éåžžã«ãšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§ãæ
åŸã«è¡šããã ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãŸããããª
ãããªã¿ã³ãã³ãšã ãŸãã
å³ãããåŸå³ã«æ®ãã
ãã§ãã¬ãã·ã¥ãªåŸå³ã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¬ã¡ã€
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¬ã¡ã€
è¡èã¯ãå®ç§ãªç床ã«éããŠããå
ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãã«ãŒãã£ãŒã ãã€ãã®
ç©«ããããæ°æéã®ãã»ã©ã·ãªã³ã
ãããããªããŒãŽã©ãŒ ïŒæ°é ïŒ ã
ããåŸãçŽæ¥å§æŸãããããšã«ãã£
çç£å°ïŒãã€ããããŒãš
ãŠãã¯ã€ã³ã«ã¯ãªã¢ãŒã§é®®ãããªè² 調ãæãããŠããã è¡èåçš®ïŒã¬ã¡ã€
ççŽïŒã¯ãŒã»ããŒã»ã¢ãŒ
1834幎åµç«ãïŒäžä»£ã«æž¡ã£ãŠå®¶æçµå¶ã§äŒçµ±ãå®ãããŠãããç±ç·æ£ãã ã¡ãŸã³ã䜿çšåçš®ã¯ã·ã£ã«ãããããã»ãã¯ãŒã«ãããã»ã ããšããããŠæš¹ãã ã«ãŒãŽãŸã§æ ç±ãåŸãããã©ã³ã¹ã®ã¿ãªããäžçäžã§èªæ ¢ã®ã·ã£ã³ã㌠ãã¥ãçºèŠããŠããããããå°œåããŠããã
ã³ãã£ãã¯ã»ã¬ããŒã¯1800幎ã«åµæ¥ããã³ãã£ãã¯ãçç£ãã家æçµå¶ã® äŒç€Ÿã§ãé«çŽã§åžå°ãªã³ãã£ãã¯çç£ã«ç¹åããŠãããå šãŠã®éæã¯ãã¬ã³
éããŠãããšããµã³ã¶ã·ã®ã¢ããã¯ãçœæ¡ãã¢ããªã³ãããææ©é¡ãããª
æ°é®®ãªè¡èã®ææ±ãšã³ãã£ãã¯ããã¬ã³ããããªãŒ
ãªãã·ã¥ã®å«ã¿ããã€ããšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§ãã«ãŒãã£ãªãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ã®ã¢ãã
ã¯æšœã§15幎çæããããæ·±ã¿ã®ããé»è²ãäžè³ªãª
ãç«ã¡äžããé åçãªå£åœããã«ããã¬ãã·ã¥ããŸãããã§ããããã«
ãã©ã³ã¹ãæã¡ããšã¬ã¬ã³ããªé žå³ã瀺ããå匷ã
ãã©ã³ã¹ãåãã颚å³ã
颚å³ã«ãã¯ã«ãã®ã¢ãããç«ã¡äžããã¬ãŒãºã³ãæŽ
è¡èåçš®ïŒããã»ãã¯ãŒã«ã ã·ã£ã«ããã ããã»ã ããš
ãã·ã®ç ç³æŒ¬ãã®å«ã¿ãããã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã¢ããªãã£ããšããŠãã·ãŒããŒããã° ãªã«ããéæçãªã©ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
90 ãã€ã³ã
ãããé ããããåœç«ã³ãã£ãã¯çç£åäŒãããã¬ããŒã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãã® ã®ã³ãã£ãã¯å šã¬ã³ãžãå ¬åŒèªå®ãåããŠããŸãã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãŠãã»ãã©ã³
17
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ãã©ã¢ã°ã©ãããŒãºããã§ã³ã¬ãŒãã±ãŒããšå¥œçžæ§ã
ãã€ã³ã
1816幎7æ1æ¥ãªãŒã¹ããªã¢ã®çåžãã©ã³ã1äžã¯ã ã¡ããã«ãã-ãŽã£ã³ãã«ã¯ã®çåã§ã圌ã®å®®å»·è° é·å ŒéŠçžã®ã¯ã¬ã¡ã³ã¹ã»ãŽã£ã³ãã§ã¹ã©ãŠã¹ã«ã ãŠã£ãŒã³äŒè°ã§ã®åœŒã®å瞟ã«å¯ŸããèŽãç©ãšããŠã ãã«ãè¿éã®ãã¡ãŒãã»ãšããã¹ãã«ã¯ãéã£ãã çåã¯ã·ã¥ãã¹ã»ãšããã¹ãã«ã¯ã§è¡èæ œå¹ã®å ç¶ãšä¿é²ã«å šåãæããã ãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°ã®é žå³ãçœããã§ã¹ãã£ãŒãªãŒãªå 質ããã¹ããŒã¯ãªã³ã°ã¯ã€ã³âãã¥ã«ã¹ãã»ãã©ã³ã» ã¡ããã«ããâ ãæ¯é¡ãªãå³ããã«ããŠããã ã〠ãããªãŒã¹ããªã¢ã®é«çŽããã«ã ãã§ãªããäžç äžã®ããŸããŸãªããŒãã£ãŒã§ãµãŒããããŠããã
å°ã ç·è²ããã£ãäžäœã®æ¿ãã®ã¬ã¢
ã¯ãªã¢ã§é®®ãããæ·¡ãçããã®ç®ã®
ã³è²ãé äºããããŒã±ã¯ã ãããŒã ç«æ
è²ãäžè²«ããŠçµ¶ãéãªããå°ãã泡ã
ç³ãè±ã®æ§ãªç¹çŽ°ãªã¢ã¯ã»ã³ããæ
é£ç¶ããŠåºãŠãããç¹çŽ°ã§ãšã¬ã¬ã³ã
ã€ã ãšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§ã ãããã«ãã©ã³ã¹ã
ãªããªãŒé¡ã®ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ããããŒãºã§
åãã å°è±¡çã§ã¹ã¿ã€ãªãã·ã¥ãªåŸå³ã
瀺ãããã颚å³ã¯æ»ããã§å£äžãèŠ
è¡èåçš®ïŒãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°
ãæ§ã§ãçŽ æŽããã泡ã«ããæå®å³
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ â»2 ãœã©ãã¡ãå·å¥ŽãšåãããŠãããã
ãªåŸå³ãæã¡ãé«è²ŽãªããŠã¹ããã®ã¯
ã匷調ãããŠããããŸãããã§æ»ãã ã€ã³ã§ããããšã容æã«ç解ã§ããã è¡èåçš®ïŒ ããã»ãã¯ãŒã«
ã·ã¥ãã¹ã°ãŒãã»ãã£ãŒã«ç€Ÿã¯äžæµã®èšŒã§ããVDPïŒVerband Deutscher PradikatsweinguterïŒã®ã¡ã³ããŒã§ããã ãã§ãªããã¢ãŒãã³ã»ãã£ãŒã«ã¯ VDPããŒãšå°åºã®ä»£è¡šã§ãããã1901幎ããããã€ã»ã³ã®æ Œä»å°å³ã«ãã ãŠæé«äœã«æ Œä»ã24haã®çã®ãã¡ã2/3ã¯ãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°ãæ œå¹ããŠããã
ãã¹ã³ã»ãã«ã»ã¡ã«ãã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯ããã©ãã£ã³å®¶ã®èªãããåªåã瀺ããšåæ ã«ã åå°ã®æ·±ãæµã¿ãžã®ææ ãè¡šçŸããŠããã 1992幎ããææ©æ œå¹ãè¡ãã ãšã決ããç°å¢ã«æ¬æãæãããã«å¿æããŠãããææ°ã®ã¹ãã³ã¬ã¹ã¿ã³ã¯ã äŒçµ±çãªãªãŒã¯æšœã 貎éãªå°æšœãã å³ãããã³ã«çŽ æŽããæåãäžããŠããã
å®çããææ¿ã ããéžãã§æã¿åããããããé æã¿ã®æå®ããé ã
é®®ããã§ã¯ãªã¢ãæ¿ãã«ããŒè²ãå°ãã綺éºãªæ³¡ãã絶ãéãªãé£ç¶
ããã¯ã€ã³ããã®ãããç床ãšã³ã¯ãäžæ®µãšé«ããé åçãªãŸãããã
ããŠåºãŠããããã«ãŒãã£ãŒãªããŒãºã¯ãè±ã®æ§ãªå«ã¿ãæã¡ããããŒ
ãæã¡åãããŠããã ããããã£ããããå¿«ãçããæã€ã¯ã€ã³ã
ãšããªãŒé¡ã®ã»ã®ããªéŠãã䌎ãã泡ã«ãã£ãŠåŒ·èª¿ããããããã£ã¢
ããŒãšæ²³æµåäžåž¯ã®ç£å°ã§äž»ã«ãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°ããã¥ã©ãŒïœ¥ãã¥ã«ã¬ãŠã
ã ïœãã«ããã£ãããªãŒé¡ã®æå®å³ã®ãã£ãããšããæ žãæã€ããšã¬
ã·ã«ãŽã¡ãŒããæ œå¹ãããŠããããªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°ã¯ã¢ãŒãŒã«ã¯ã€ã³ã®è±
ã¬ã³ãã«ãã©ã³ã¹ãåããŠããã楜ãã¿æããäœé»ã®é·ãåŸå³ãæã€ã
ã®éŠããšã ã©ã€ã³ã¬ãŠã®äžåããåããŠããã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ããã¬ãã©ã¹ã³ããã«ãŽã¡ãžã¢
è¡èåçš®ïŒãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã° ççŽïŒã¢ãŠã¹ã¬ãŒãŒ
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ãã¹ããªãŒãçããã«ãŒãã¿ã«ããã¹ããããªãŒãšçŽ æŽãããè¯ãåã ãã æŽã«ãã ãšã¡ãã³ã ããŒã¹ãããã¹ããã¯é¡ãšãè¯ãåãã
ãµã³ãã£ã»ã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯ã¢ããã£ãªãªã»ã«ã«ãã»ãµã³ãã£ã«ãã£ãŠã1843幎ãŽã§ ããŒãããçšè¿ãããŽã¡ã«ããªãã§ãã©ã®å°ããªæã€ãã©ãŒãžã§èšç«ã âãšã¯ ã»ã¬ã³ãâããµã³ãã£ã®ã¢ãããŒãããã¯çœãèµ€ãã¢ãã©ã·ãªã³ãè¡èåçš®ãå ããªãã ã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯åžžã«æé«å質ã®ã¯ã€ã³ãç£åºããŠããã
ãã®ãšãªã¢ã®éçã®ç±æ¥ãç解ããåã ã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžç¹æã®ç¹åŸŽãèŠæ¥µ ããããšãã¯ã€ã³ãæ¹åããããã»ã¹ã«ãããŠç¹åŸŽãæ»ããããåªé ããçæ ããã³ã·ã£ã«ã調åããç¶æããããšã第äžäººè ãšããŠãã®3ç¹ã«éç¹ã眮 ãã ããããã¯ã€ã³ãšãã®ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã«åœ±é¿ãäžãããšæã£ãŠããã
æãããªã¬ãŒãããã¬ããã®æ·±ã¿ã®ããèµ€è²ãå匷ãã匷çãªããŒã±ã¯
20幎以äžã®çæããã³ã·ã£ã«ãç§ããŠãããæŽå²ããããšã¢ã³ãã®
æŽç·Žããããšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§ããã¬ãŒãºã³ããã«ãŒã³ã®æ¯é çãªå«ã¿ãã¯ã
æ°é«ããå¯å€§ã§ãããèªããããã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ãé·ãçæã«é©ããŠããã
ãŒãŽãšã·ãã¢ã³ã®ã¹ãã€ã¹ã®ããªãå€åã«å¯ãã ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ãããã©
ããŒãã«ã®å®ç§ãªæ¯é è ãšãªãã颚å³ã¯å匷ããšèª¿åãšã³ã¯ã説åŸå
ã¹ã«ãã§ãªãŒã®ãžã£ã ãã·ã§ãŠãã®è³éŠãç«ã¡äžããæä»ãããŒã¹ãã
ããã£ãŠã飲ã¿æãåŸæãããã®å³ããã¯é·ãäœé»ã«æ®ãã
ãã¢ãŒã¢ã³ãã®é¢šå³ããããšã¬ã¬ã³ããªåŸå³ãæã¡ã é·ãäœé»ãç¶ãã
è¡èåçš®ïŒããããªãŒã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã³ã«ãŽã£ãŒãã ãã³ãã£ããã©
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ é«çŽãã¬ã³ãã çœèãèµ€èæçãçæããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒèµ€èã éçã®ç©çèã çæããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
93 ãã€ã³ã
äžè³ªãªã¯ã€ã³é ããžã®æ ç±ãšããµã³ãžã§ãŽã§ãŒãŒã»ãã£ã»ãããŒãã£ãæé«ã® ã¯ã€ã³ã«ããããšã®å¿ããããŠã³ãã«ããã§ã¶ãŒãªã¯ã¯ã€ããªãŒãèšç«ããã åµæ¥åœåãããã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯åžžã«æ œå¹å°åºãçŽ æŽãããè¡èãç£åºãããšä¿¡ ãããã®æœåšæ§ãé«ãä¿é²ããããšãåºãèªã£ããäŒçµ±çãªéžé æ³ãšé©æ° çãªã¯ã€ã³é ãã®è©Šã¿ã«æ¬æãæãããããäŒç€Ÿã®åºæ¬ã§ãããæé·ã çºå±ã ãããŠæåãä¿èšŒããŠããããã®å²åŠã«åŸãããŠã³ãã«ããã§ã¶ãŒãªã¯äŒçµ± ãšé©æ°ãçµã¿åãããããã©ã³ãã®æ°èŠã¹ããŒã¹ ã®èšçœ®ã«æ³šåããçŽ2000ã¡ã®åºãã«600以 äžã®æšœãå容ããã»ã©ãŒãå®æããã äžçã§æããããã§ã¶ãŒãªã®ã¯ã€ã³ ã¯ãè±åœã®èªåè»ã¡ãŒã«ãŒã¢ã¹ã ã³ããŒãã£ã³ã®éèŠãªäºã€ã®ã€ ãã³ãã§ããããã€ã³ã»ãªã³ïœ¥ã¶ïœ¥ ã©ã€ã³ãšã¯ãŒã«ããã£ãŒ ã©ãŒã»ã«ã³ãã¡ã¬ã³ã¹ ã«ãŠã³ãã«ãã»ã㧠ã¶ãŒãªã®ã¯ã€ã³ã»ã¬ ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãéžã°ããã
ã¿ãŠã¬ãŒãã®åã¯å€ä»£éºç©ã«ç±æ¥ãããå°äžæ°Žã®æ°Žé¢ã«èŠã ããåå°ãæããŠãããæ°ŽãåŒãããšãã«30cmã®é«ãã«ãªã è±é¥ãªè æ€åãæ®ã£ãã ã¯ãªã¢ã§é®®ãããªèæ¯ãèŠããªãçšæ¿ããã©ãã¯ã«ããŒè²ã ããçžã¯è¥ã ãã玫è²ãããŠãããå匷ãããŒã±ã¯ãè€éã§è åããããŒãºã§ãçããããªãŒé¡ããã¬ãã·ã¥ãªãã©ã ããã©ã€ ãã«ãŒãã®å«ã¿ã瀺ããçããªãŒã¯ã®å«ã¿ã«å ãŸããŠãããæ» ããã§ããªãããæå®å³ã®ãã£ãããšããæ žãæã¡ããã£ãããš ãèåããã¿ã³ãã³ãšããã©ã³ã¹ã®åããé žå³ã«ããæ¯ãããã ãšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§äœé»ã®é·ãåŸå³ã§é«ããããŠããã è¡èåçš®ïŒãµã³ãžã§ãŽã§ãŒãŒã»ã°ãããœããã³ã¬ããŒãž
ã«ã»ãã€ãªãŒã«ã¯ã1967幎ã«ãŠã©ã«ã¿ãŒã»ã³ã³ã¿ãŒãã«ããèšç«ãããããã®å åã¯ã³ã³ã¿ãŒã家ãèµ·æºãšããå°åã«ç±æ¥ãããã¬ã«ã¿æ¹ã«ã»ã©è¿ãâã« ã¬ãŒãâãšããŠç¥ãããå°åºã®äžå¿ã«ããçãæ¡å€§ããçŸåš50ãã¯ã¿ãŒã«ã ææãããå€ãããã®äŒçµ±ã«å¯Ÿããå¿ èª ã¯å€ããããç±å¿ã«å®ãããŠããã ã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯ãã«ããŒã»ã³ã³ããã£ã·ã§ã³ãšãã©ãã®ExpoïŒVipã®éè³ãåè³ ããŠããã ãããã«ç«ã¡äžãããŒãºã¯ãããŠã£ãã©ãã³ããŒããã¬ãã·ã¥ ãªã¢ãŒã¢ã³ãã®éŠãããããçµããã«ã¯ãã ã¹ã¯ã®ãããªã㥠ã¢ã³ã¹ã«ããã«ããªãŒã®è±ããã³ãã®ãããªè³éŠã瀺ããèä» ãã®è¯ãé»è²ã®æç©ãã¢ããè±ããªããŒãã®å«ã¿ãæãã ãã¬ãã·ã¥ããéç«ã¡ã ã»ã®ãã«ã·ã£ãŒããªåŸå³ãæ®ãã ã¢ã©ã³ã¯ãèèã®éžé äŒç€Ÿã§ããã¢ãªãªã®èŸ²å Žã®åãå㣠ããã®ã§ãããã¯ã€ããªãŒã®çã®æé«ã®è¡èãåæãšã㊠ãããã«ã¬ãŒãã¯ã€ã³ã®éžé æ³ã§ãããããããªçµæãšæŽç·Ž ãããè³éŠã®ã¯ã€ã³ãé ãããã è¡èåçš®ïŒ ãã¬ããã¢ãŒãã»ãã£ã»ã«ã¬ãŒã çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ 10ïœ12âã§ãµãŒãŽã éé€ã䜿ã£ãåèã ã«ã«ãããã§ãªã©ã®ç«ãéããŠããªãè æçã èªå®¶è£œãã¹ã¿ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
ã¢ã«ãã£ã¬ã»ãã¥ã¹ãã«ã¯ããã«ãã£ã»ã¯ã§ãŒã«çããçµéšè±å¯ãªè¥æã®ã¯ã€ ã³å°é家ã®åœéçãªããŒã ã«ãã£ãŠã2002幎ã«èšç«ããããã³ã¹ãããã©ãŒ ãã³ã¹ã®è¯ããã¢ãã³ãªã¹ãã€ã³ã¯ã€ã³ãçºå±ãããããã«ãæ¶è²»è éèŠãšã· ã³ãã«ããžã®ãã¥ãŒã¯ãŒã«ãçã¢ãããŒããåãå ¥ããŠããã
1860幎ã«åµæ¥ããæŽå²ãããã¹ã»ãã³ã»ãžã«ããããŽã£ã©ã»ã«ã«ããã«å®¶ã 1998幎ã«è³Œå ¥ãããå°äžæµ·ã®ç§éžãªãšã¹ããŒãã®ããã30%ã®ã¿ãçã«å ãŠã æ®ãã®æ·å°ã«ã¯ã¢ãŒã¢ã³ãã ãªãªãŒãã®æšããã®ä»ã®æšãç¹èããŠããã çç£ãããã¯ã€ã³ã¯å šãŠãªãŒã¬ããã¯ã§ããã å®å šãªãèªå®¶è£œã¯ã€ã³ã
é åçãªããŒãºã¯ãã¹ãã€ã·ãŒãªæå®ããã©ãºããªãŒãšãªã¬ã³ãžããŒã«
æåºã®ã¢ãããæå®å³ãšããã©ã«ãã飲ã¿æãããªãªã©ãŒãåéšãžãšæ
ã®å«ã¿ã瀺ããããããŒãšã»ã®ããªã¹ãã¬ã®éŠãã䌎ãããŸãããã§ãš
è¿ããåå³ã§ãããæ¥ã®å°äžæµ·ã®æ£®æå°åž¯ãæ£æ©ããããã«ãç§éã
ã¬ã¬ã³ããçããã¹ãã€ã·ãŒãªæå®å³ã®ãã£ãããšããæ žã瀺ãããã
å æ°ä»ããŠããããå匷ãããã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ããã¹ã»ãã³ã»ãžã«ã®ç¹åŸŽã§ã
ãã«é ãããŠããã ã³ã¹ãããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãè¯ãã
ãæ»ããããšãã©ã³ã¹ãåããŠããã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¬ã«ãããã£
è¡èåçš®ïŒã°ã«ããã·ã¥ãã«ãªãã£ã³ãã·ã©ãŒ
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ãã£ãããšå³ä»ããããèæçãããŒã¹ãããéèé¡ãçæããããŒãº ãšå®ç§ãªçžæ§ãäŒçµ±çãªã¹ãã€ã³æçïŒçæãããã¢ã³ã»ã©ãŒããã㧠ãªãœãŒã»ãœãŒã»ãŒãžãªã©ã®ã€ããªã³è±ïŒ ãšãçŽ æŽãããçžæ§ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ èãããŒã¹ã®æçãšè¯ãåãããŸããèèªåã® å€ãéãšãçžæ§ãè¯ããã°ãªã«ãããã°ãã« ç±³ããªãŸãããšåãããŠé£²ãã®ããèŠãã
åµé ãšåçš®è©äŸ¡ããããã£ã³ã«ã»ã©ã¹ïœ¥ã¢ã©ã¹ã¯æ±ºããŠäŒçµ±çãªã¯ã€ããªãŒã§ ã¯ãªããåµé æ§ãšäžè³ªãªã¯ã€ã³é ãã®äž¡æ¹ã§ååºããŠãããã¯ã€ã³ãžã®æã 蟌ã¿ããåšç¥ãããŠããããšããŸãæ¶è²»ã®ä»æ¹ã«å¯ŸããŠæãã§ããããã® ã«ãŒãã¯ã¢ã«ãŒã³ãã³ã®äž»èŠãªã¯ã€ã³çç£å°åºã«å®¿ãã
ããŠã«ã»ãŽã¡ã¬ãŒã«äœçœ®ããã¯ã€ããªãŒããªãŽã§ãã»ãã°ã©ïŒé»ãçŸïŒãšã¯ãç¹ å¥ã§çŸ€ãããã¯ã¿åºããèªèº«ã®éãé²ã人ã®ããšãæå³ããŠãããããªã§æ åã«ãç°å¢ä¿å šåçç£ãããŠãããšããŠèªå®ãããã¯ã€ããªãŒã®ã²ãšã€ã§ã ããããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒãšåæ§ãããã 奜å¥å¿ããããã¯ã€ã³ã
æããå匷ã玫è²ãæç©ãšæœ æšã®çŽ æŽããããã©ã³ã¹ãæã¡ãçããã
æ·±çŽ è²ãåãããã©ã¹ããšãã©ãã¯ãã§ãªãŒãæ¯é çãªã¢ãããç«ã¡äž
ã©ã ãããŒã¹ãã³ãŒããŒããã§ã³ã¬ãŒãã®å«ã¿ãæã€ãããããªçµæãšæ
ãããããã©ã«æã®å«ã¿ãæããããŽã§ã«ãŽã§ããã®ãããªé¢šå³ã¯ãäžè³ª
ãããªã¿ã³ãã³ã瀺ãã
ãªã¿ã³ãã³ãæã¡ãæ»ããããšæ·±ãã®å³ãããåçž®ãããçµæãšããªã¥
ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã³ãšãã¬ã³ããªãŒã¯ã®æ°æšœã§15ã¶æçæããããã©ãã«ã®ãã¶
ãŒã æãçµã¿åãããããèŽ æ²¢ãªå³ããã瀺ãã
ã€ã³ã¯ã·ã³ãã«ãªãã¶ã€ã³ã«é»ãšããã³ãºã䜿çšããåªé ããè¡šçŸããã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ã«ã¡ããŒã«ã ããã£ã»ãŽã§ã«ã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãã«ããã¯
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã¯ãªãŒã ãœãŒã¹ã®ãã¹ã¿ãèžãçŒãéæçãšå¥œçžæ§ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒã¢ã«ãŒã³ãã³é¢šçŒèãããŒãããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
92 ãã€ã³ã
87 ãã€ã³ã
90 ãã€ã³ã
ã¶ã»ããªãºããŒã»ã¯ã€ã³ã«ã³ãããŒã¯2 0 0 9 幎ã ãã¥ãã€ã¢ã¹å®¶ããªãªã³ã»ã¹ãŠã£ããã®ããŒãŽã» ãã£ããŒæ°ããã¶ã»ããªãºããŒãšãµã«ããè²·åã åµæ¥ããã¯ã€ããªãŒã§ãããããããçŸåšãŸã§ã«ã ãã©ã³ã€ããã©ãŒã«ãïŒã·ã£ã«ããããŒã¹ã®ãã¬ã³ ãïŒãšãœãŒã³ïŒããã»ãŽã¡ã¬ãŒç£ã¡ã«ããŒïŒãªã©3é æãæ°ãã«å ãããã¶ã»ããªãºããŒã»ã¯ã€ã³ã«ã³ã ããŒã¯ãã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢äžã®åé«ãè¡èçã§æ¡ã ãè¡èãåæã«ãããã¢ãããŒãããããé¢çœã ãã¬ã³ãã¯ã€ã³ã«æ¬æãè¡šããã¶ã»ããªãºããŒã»ã¯ ã€ã³ã«ã³ãããŒã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯æçºçã§èå³ããã ããŠããã®ãšãªã£ãŠãããã¶ã»ããªãºããŒããã©ã³ ã€ã³ããã©ãŒã«ãã®ã©ãã«ã¯ã¹ãã€ã³ã®æåãªç» 家ã§ãããã©ã³ã·ã¹ã³ã»ãã»ãŽã€ã®çç»äœåã§ã ãããŽã€ã¯ã¹ãã€ã³æŠäºæ代ã«å匷ãçç»ãèž è¡çäœåãçã¿åºããããšã§ç¥ãããŠããããžã§ ã³ã»ããã¹å¥³å²ãçé ã¯ã€ã³ã¡ãŒã«ãŒã§ãããä» æ¥ã圌女ã¯èªåã®æã€æ ç±ãšç¥èã§ã¯ã€ããªãŒ ãçãã éæå šãŠã®éžé ãææããŠããã
åãäŸ¡æ Œåž¯ã®äžã§ãããã»ãŽã¡ã¬
ã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢åéšã®æãåé«ã
ãŒèµ€ãã¬ã³ãã§ãããã®å£²ãäž
ãžã³ãã¡ã³ãã«ã®çã®ç¹åŸŽãæã
ããèªãããã³ã°ãã§ãªãŒãããŒ
ããå žåçãžã³ãã¡ã³ãã«ã¯ã€ã³
ã¯ãã§ã³ã¬ãŒããã¯ããŒãŽãããŒ
ã§ãããæ¿ãã«ããŒè²ããããã©ã
ã¹ãããã€ããžã¯ã®é åçãªã¢
ã¯ããªãŒããã©ã ãã¯ããŒãŽã®éç«
ãããç«ã¡äžããçããã©ãºããª
ã£ãã¢ãããè³ãããæåã¯è±ã
ãŒããã€ã»ã³ããªãŒãã¶ã¯ãããã
ã§ã³ã¯ãããããžã¥ãŒã·ãŒãªé ž å³
ã©ã®æç¶çãªé¢šå³ã¯èª¿åããªã
ã¯ã¡ãã·ã³ç£ãã§ã³ã¬ãŒãããã§ãª
ãå£ã®äžã§é·ãéæ®ããæ»ãã
ãŒãããã©ã®æœåºãã颚å³ã«å ãŸ
ã§ççŸãªåŸå³ãæ®ãã
ããŠãããé åçã§äœé»ã®é·ãåŸ
è¡èåçš®ïŒ ãžã³ãã¡ã³ãã«ã ã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã ããã£ã»ã·ã©ãŒãã·ã©ãŒã ã·ã£ã«ãã
å³ã¯æ»ãããªã¿ã³ãã³ãæã€ã è¡èåçš®ïŒ ãžã³ãã¡ã³ãã«ãã·ã©ãŒã ããã£ã»ã·ã©ãŒ
ã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢ã®äžã§ãæ倧ã®è¡èæ œå¹ã®äžæã§ãããã«ã³ã»ã¶ãããŽã£ã ã¯ããã€ã³ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåŸãŠãããã«ãŒãã¹ããã¯ãã¯ããŒã³ã®èšå€§ãªç¥ èãçã®çŽ°ããªç®¡çã«çãããäžè³ªãªã¯ã€ã³ãé ã£ãŠãããå倧ãªã¯ã€ã³ã¯ çããçãŸããã
ã»ã³ã€ã¢ã»ã°ããŠãŽã¯ã1äžçŽãçµãã¯ã€ããªãŒãš1860幎代ã«é ãããç°è 颚ã®çŽå±ã®é äžã«ãã³ãããå ã ãšããã¬ãããŠããïŒã»ã³ã€ã¢ïŒã®åãæ¡ã£ ãŠåœåããããæå 端æè¡ãçšããèšåã¯ãæ·å°å ã«1987幎ã®æ¥å®æããã ãã¯ãããã»ãŽã¡ã¬ãŒã«ãããæåã®å°äžã»ã©ãŒãå«ãã§ããã
é»éè²ãåãããã€ã€ãŒã¬ã¢ã³ããªã³ãŽã梚ã®ã¢ãããç«ã¡äžããããã©
ãã©ãã¯ãã§ãªãŒãšãã©ãã¯ããªãŒã®åŒŸããã¢ããã¯ãè€éãªã¹ãã€
ãšã¹ãã€ã·ãŒãªã·ãã¢ã³ã®å«ã¿ãããããã¯ã¹ãã£ãŒã¯è±ãã§ãŸããã
ã¹ã®å«ã¿ã䌎ãããŸãããã§ãã«ããã£ãè±ããªãã©ãã¯ããªãŒã®å³
ã§ã ããªããšããåŸå³ã䌎ãã
ãããåºããããããããšããèµ€ãæç©ã®å«ã¿ãããåŸå³ãæ®ããå®
è¡èåçš®ïŒã·ã£ã«ãã
ç§ã«ãã©ã³ã¹ããšãã颚å³ã¯ãæ·±ããèæçã§ãããª
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããã³ã®ãªãŒãã³çŒããã°ãªã«ãŸãã¯ãã€ã«ããµãŒã¢ã³ããã«ããïŒã ãŒãºã ã·ãŒã¶ãŒãµã©ããšæé«ã®çžæ§ãã°ã©ã¹ã«æ³šãã ãã§ã楜ãããã
ããã§ããããšã¹ãã¬ããœãããŒã¿ãŒã¹ã€ãŒããã§ã³ã¬ ãŒãã®å«ã¿ãããã ãã©ãã¯ãã§ãªãŒã®åŸå³ãæ®ãã è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³
90 ãã€ã³ã
ãã©ãªã»ã¢ã»ãã¥ãŒã¯ã1981幎以æ¥ãé«å質ãªèµ€ã¯ã€ã³ãçç£ããŠããããã» ãŽã¡ã¬ãŒã®ããã£ãã¯ã¯ã€ããªãŒãå瀟ã¯3人ã®çµå©ãšããæå³ã®ãã¡ã㌠ãžã¥ã»ã¢ã»ããã¯ããšããã¯ã€ã³ãé ã£ãŠãããããã¯3ã«æã®ç£å°ã®è¡èãïŒ ã€ã®ç¶ã«å ¥ãããç»æçãªè©Šã¿ã§ããã
ã¯ã·ã³ãã³å·ã®éç銬ã«ã€ã³ã¹ãã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåãã14ãã³ãºã¯äžããç㟠ãããããŒã 質ç ãšç å©è³ªã®åå£ã§ããããã14ãã³ãºã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ããã®ç¹ 城çã§äžçã¯ã©ã¹ã®ããã¯ãŒã«ã§çãŸãããé£äºãæ©äŒãåãã楜ãã¿ã ããã 倧å€åªããã³ã¹ãããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ã®ã¯ã€ã³ã§ããã
è¯ãããŒã®è±¡åŸŽãèŠãããã®ãã®ã§ãªãããããšãããããªãããŸãã§ã
â軜ãã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®ãã®ã·ã£ã«ããã¯ã€ã³ã¯ãã¹ãŠã£ãŒãã©ã€ã ãšæŽã
ã«ãŒããã£ã·ãã®ãžã§ããã³ãŒã¹ã¿ãŒã®ããã«ãã©ãºããªãŒãã€ããŽãã©
ã·ã«çã£ãã¹ãã€ã¹ã®å«ã¿ãããçãçããšããã¢ããããŸãç«ã¡
ã€ãã®å®ã®å³ãããããã£ã¢ã ãªãŠã§ã€ããæã¡ãææ©é¡ããããã«ã«
äžããæŽç·Žããããã«ãŒãã®é¢šå³ããè±ããªé žå³ã匷調ãããã¿ãŒã
ãã«ãŒãã®ãã«ãŒãã«ã¯ãã«ã®ãããªå³ããã
ã«ã©ã¡ã«ãããã©ã®ã»ã®ããªå«ã¿ãç¶ããâ
ã¡ã«ããŒãã·ã©ãŒãã²ãŽã§ã«ããã©ãããŒããã¥ã¹ã«ã®åããèŠããªã ã¬ã³ããã¯ã€ã³ã¯äœæž©ã§çºé µãããããã©ã¯ãã£ãã¯çºé µã¯ããããã« ãŒãã£ã§çŸå³ããããªããšããé žå³ãããã è¡èåçš®ïŒã¡ã«ããŒã»ãã©ãã·ã¥ã ã·ã©ãŒã»ãã©ãã·ã¥ã ã²ãŽã§ã«ããã©ãããŒã ãã¥ã¹ã«
ãã¯ã€ããžã€ãŽã³ã¯ã1994幎ãã¹ãŒãšã°ã¬ãã°ã»ãã¯ã€ã倫劻ã«ãã£ãŠèšç«ã ããã2002幎ãŸã§ã«ã¯ãã¬ã³ãŠã£ãã¯ã®éå€ã«æ°ããã¯ã€ããªãŒããªãŒãã³ ãããããã¯ãã¯ã€ããžã€ãŽã³ã®ä»æ¥ã®ããŒã¹ãšãªã£ãŠããã2007幎ã®ã° ã¬ãã°ã®æ»ãä¹ãè¶ããã¹ãŒã¯ã瀟é·ãšããŠããŒã±ãã£ã³ã°ãšãããŒãžã¡ã³ã ãæ åœããèŠæš¡ã¯å°ããããé©æ°çãªã¯ã€ããªãŒãžãšè²ãŠãŠããã圌女ã®æ° 䞻䞻矩çãããŒãžã¡ã³ãã§ãããŒãã¯ã€ã³ã¡ã€ã«ãŒã®ãµã ã»ã¹ã¡ã€ã«ãã¯ãã ãšããã¹ã¿ããã¯ãããŸããŸãªãã¬ãã·ã¥ãªã¢ã€ãã£ã¢ãåºããåã ã®èœåã ååã«çºæ®ããŠãããå°å ã®æäžçŽè¡èã100% 䜿çšãããã«ããã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®æŽç·Žãããã¬ã㢠ã ã¯ã€ã³ãé ãç¶ããŠããã æ¯å¹Žãå€ãã®è³ãåè³ãããã¯ã€ããžã€ ãŽã³ã ããææ°ã®ãã®ã¯ã2012幎ã·ã¥ ããŒã²ã©ãŠïŒé«çŽã¯ã€ã³ã°ã©ã¹ãäœ ãéåžžã«æåãªãã€ãã®äŒç€ŸïŒã€ã³ ã¿ãŒãã·ã§ãã«ã»ã¯ã€ã³ã»ã³ã³ãã㣠ã·ã§ã³ã§ã®æ ããããã£ã³ããªã³ã» ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã»ãã©ã³ã»ãããã£ãŒã ãããŠ2012幎ãã¥ãŒãžãŒã©ã³ãã»ã€ ã³ã¿ãŒãã·ã§ãã«ã»ã¯ã€ã³ã·ã§ãŒã§ ã®ãŽãŒã«ãã¡ãã«ã ã
ïŒã¯ã€ã³ã¡ãŒã«ãŒ ããŒã¹ã»ã±ãã¹ã³ è¡èåçš®ïŒã·ã£ã«ãã90%ãšæ®ã10%ã¯ã¢ããè±ããªçœè¡èåçš®ã çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããŒã¹ãããã³ãã¬ã¢ã³ããããŒãµãŒã¢ã³ãã¢ã«ãã¬ãŒããœãŒã¹ã䜿 çšããã·ãŒããŒããã·ãŒã¶ãŒãµã©ãã
èŒãã®ããé®®ããã«æŸãã æ·¡ãé»ç·è²ãã°ãŒãºããªãŒããã©ã㯠ã«ã©ã³ãã®èããã²ã®æšãã»ã€ãšãŠã¹ã¢ã¢ãéå±€ããè±ããªéŠã ã«ããããã«ã«ãã«ãŒãã®å«ã¿ããããããã£ã¢ã ããã£ãå¿«æŽ»ãª é žå³ãçãçããšããè³éãªæå®å³ãæ¯ããäœé»ã®é·ãã¯ãªãŒ ã³ãªåŸå³ãæ®ããè¥ããã¬ãã·ã¥ãªãã¡ã«é£²ãããšããèŠããã ãã é©åã«ä¿ç®¡ããã°3ïœ5幎å¯ãããŠããããã«çæããã è¡èåçš®ïŒãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã»ãã©ã³ çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ãµããŒãµã©ãã家犜èããã«ããã®æåãªã ãŒã«è²ãã°ãªãŒã³ã»ãª ãããã»ããã»ã«ã®ãããªç²æ®»é¡ãšå®ç§ãªçžæ§ãããã¹ã¿ãŒãçœ èº«éãšè©ŠããŠã¿ãŠãè¯ãã
ã·ã£ããŒã»ãŽã£ãã¥ããŒã¯ããã©ã³ã¹åæ±éšããšã¯ãµã³ã»ãããŽã¡ã³ã¹ã«ã¯ã€ã ãªãŒãææããŠããããŽã£ãã¥ããŒãã¯ã€ããªãŒãšããŠå°é ããã®ã¯1960幎 代以éã§ãããç¹ã«èµ€ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ãã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ãšã·ã©ãŒã®ãã¬ã³ ããç¹åŸŽçã§ã 15幎ïœ20幎以äžã®çæãå¯èœã
1958幎ãã¬ãªã»ãã¥ã»ãã¬ã»ããã¯ãã©ãŒã«äŒ¯çµã¯ãäžæã®è³ç£ãåãç¶ãã åå£ã®æ¹åã«åªããŠã¯ã€ã³é ããé²ããã2013幎4æããã¯ãã¢ã¬ã¯ãµã³ã ã«ã»ãã¥ã»ãã¬ã»ããã¯ãã©ãŒã«ããã·ã£ããŒã»ã©ã»ã¬ããªãšãŒã«ãå«ãåå°ã 管çããŠããã
ããŒã«ãŒãããŽã£ãã¥ããŒã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ããããŽã¡ã³ã¹ã®ã¯ã€ã³ã®ãšã¬ã¬
çŸããé»è²ã§ãçžã¯ç·ããã£ãŠãããéŠãã¯ãææ©é¡ãšãšããŸããã¯
ã³ã¹ãè¡šçŸããŠããããšã³ã¡ã³ãããŠãããããã«ã ããŽã£ãã¥ããŒã¯ãã
ãªæç©ã®å«ã¿ã瀺ããçœãè±ã®æ§ãªå«ã¿ã䌎ããã¢ã¿ãã¯ã¯ãåé¢ã«
ããŽã¡ã³ã¹ã ãã§ã¯ãªãããã©ã³ã¹ã«ãããŠããææ¬ãšãªãã·ã£ããŒã®
åºãŠãããé žå³ã䌎ãããã®åŸã颚å³ã¯ããæ¿åããšã³ã¯ãå¢ããç¹çŽ°
äžã€ã§ãããããšç¶ããŠããããããªã³ã°ããŠãã10幎ãããã¯ãã以
ãã€èª¿åããšãããã®ãšãªããäœé»ãé·ãã
äžã®çæã®ããã³ã·ã£ã«ãæã€ã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³äž»äœ
è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã ã·ã©ãŒ çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã°ãªã«èã ãœãŒã¹ã䜿çšããèæçãã ããŒãºã®çãåã ããšå¥œçžæ§ã
89 ãã€ã³ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ è¹ã䜿ã£ãåèãéã®ã¿ã«ã¿ã«ãœãŒã¹æ·»ããæµ·èãç²æ®»é¡ã䜿ã£ãæ çãšçžæ§ãè¯ãããã¶ãŒãæã«ãã«ãã³ãšåãããã®ããèŠãã
çŽ200幎ã«ããã£ãŠããŒãŒã³å®¶ã代ã çµå¶ããŠããéžé æãæäžçŽã®çã ææããäºãäžçã«éããçŽ æŽãããã¯ã€ã³ãé ã絶察ã®æ¡ä»¶ã ãšèã㊠ããã次ã ãšæ¹é©ãèµ·ãããåç©«éãååã«æžãããææ©è¥æã䜿ã£ãææ° èŸ²æ³ãç©æ¥µçã«åãå ¥ããŠããã
1675幎以æ¥ãããŒãšã®æž©æãªæ°åãšç¬ç¹ã®å°åœ¢ãããåæ§ã«å¯ãã ã¯ã€ã³ ãçã¿åºããŠããããŒããŒã家ãæé«å質ãçã¿åºãããšãã³ãããã¡ã³ãã« ããŠãããäžçäžã§ã®æ°ã ã®è³ã®ç²åŸããå質ã®èšŒããšãªã£ãŠãããæ å ±ã ç¹åã§æäŸãã ç®ã®äžèªç±ãªæ¹ã ã«ãã¯ã€ã³ãã楜ãã¿ããã ããŠããã
ã¯ã€ã³ã®ååã¯ããã³çŽã®ãã«ãŒã¹ã¬ãŒãã«ç±æ¥ããããã¯ã¿ãŒã»ããŒ
ã¢ããã¯ãªã³ãŽãæŽãã·ãªã©ã®å°å ã®æç©ã®ã¢ãããæŒããšåæã«ã
ãŒã³ã®ãã³ãšã¹ããŒãã¯ã€ã³ã¯ã¯ã©ã·ã«ã«ãªã¢ãŒãŒã«ã®ãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°
ã¢ããªã³ãããããšããŸããã¯ãªæç©ã®è³éŠã瀺ããé©ãã»ã©æ¿çž®ãã
ã®åªçŸãªã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãšç¬ç¹ã®é¢šå³ãè¡šçŸããŠããããã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ããã«ãŒ
ã颚å³ããã¯ããã£ãã¹ããã£ã·ããšæãããå匷ããã«ãŒãã£ãŒãªåŸ
ãã£ãå°åã®ç¹åŸŽã§ããäžè³ªãªããã©ã«ã®ãšããžãå¹ããŠãããèã
å³ã¯ãçå³ãšé žå³ã®çŽ æŽãããããŒã¢ããŒã䌎ããããŒãã§ã¯ããªæ
æäžå±€ã®åå£ã§è¡èæš¹ã¯æ ¹ãæ·±ãã¯ããããåå£ã®åã¥ããããã©ã«
éã圩ãæé«ã®ã¯ã€ã³ã
è±ããªç¹åŸŽãæã€ã掻ã掻ããšããã¯ã€ã³ãç£ãŸããã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°
è¡èåçš®ïŒãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã°
ççŽïŒã¢ãŠã¹ã¬ãŒãŒ
ççŽïŒã¯ãŒã»ããŒã»ã¢ãŒ
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒãã©ã¢ã°ã©ããã«ãŒããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
æŸãã§æãããã»ã®ããªéºŠããè²ã
ã·ã¥ããŒãã¬ãŒãŒã¯éåžžã®åç©«ã
ã¢ãŠã¹ã¬ãŒãŒã¯å®çããææ¿ã ã
ããŒãºã¯ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ã梚ãšéãªã³
ãé ããŠæã¿åããé æã¿ã®æå®
ãéžãã§æã¿åããããããé æ
ãŽã®ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ãæã¡ã ã¬ã¢ã³ãšæ
ããé ãããã¯ã€ã³ãç床ãšã³ã¯ã
ã¿ã®æå®ããé ãããã¯ã€ã³ãã
æ©é¡ã®å«ã¿ã䌎ãã ããã£ã¢ã ãã
äžæ®µãšé«ããé åçãªãŸãããã
ã®ãããç床ãšã³ã¯ãäžæ®µãšé«ãã
ã£ã ããªããã§ãã«ãŒãã£ãªé¢šå³ã¯
ãæã¡åãããŠãããããããã£
é åçãªãŸãããããæã¡åãã
ãŸããããªé žå³ã瀺ãã æ»ããã§ã¯
ããããå¿«ãçããæã€ã¯ã€ã³ã
ãŠãããããããã£ããããå¿«ãç
ãªãŒã³ãªé·ãäœé»ã®åŸå³ãæ®ãã
ã¯ãªã¢ã§æ·±ã¿ã®ããã¬ã¢ã³è²ãæŽ
ããæã€ã¯ã€ã³ã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã±ã«ããŒã ãã¥ã©ãŒïŒãã¥ã«ã¬ãŠã ã·ã«ãŽã¡ãŒã
ãã·ããªã³ãŽãããŒãã®é¢šå³ããã
ã©ã€ã³ããã»ã³ã¯ãã€ãæ倧ã®æ œ
ãã«ãã©ã³ã¹ã åããŠããããšã¬
å¹å°ã§ãçç£éãæãå€ãå°åã
ã¬ã³ãã§æ»ããã ãŸãããã§äœé»ã
ãœããã§ããªã±ãŒããæããã§ãŸã
ççŽïŒã«ãããã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã±ã«ããŒ
ãããªã³ã¯ãæã€ãæå®å³è±ããª
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ èžããéãè¹ã§ãèã«ãã£ãããš ãããœãŒã¹ã§å³ä»ãããæçãã¹ ãã€ã·ãŒã§ã¯ãªããµã©ããã¢ãžã¢ æçã ããªãŒãã ããã·ã¥ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
ççŽïŒã·ã¥ããŒãã¬ãŒãŒ
ã¯ãªã¢ã§é®®ããã æ·±ã¿ã®ãã麊ãã
ã¯ãªã¢ã§ã©ã€ãïœäžäœã®æ¿ãã®ã«
è²ã瀺ããŠãããããŒãºã¯ããã©ã
ããŒè²ã«ãè¥ã ãã玫è²ã®çžãæ
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããŒãºãã¹ãã€ã·ãŒãªæçãã±ãŒã ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
é£æ³ãããè±ã®ãããªå«ã¿ãããã
ã€ãåé¢ã«åºããã«ãŒãã£ãŒãªããŒ
ããŒãã ã¹ãã€ã¹ã ãããŒã ãã¹ã«ã
ãºã«ããã§ãªãŒãã«ã·ã¹ããã©ã ã®
ãã®å«ã¿ãããã ããã£ã¢ã ããã£ã
ã¢ã¯ã»ã³ããè¡šãããããã£ã¢ã ã
ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãã«ãŒãã£ãŒã調åã
ãã£ãæãããçããæå®ã®ãã£ã
åããŠãããçããæå®å³ã®æ žã
ããšããæ žãšãšã¬ã¬ã³ãã«ãã©ã³
æã€ã ãã©ã³ã¹ã®åããé žå³ãæã¡ã
ã¹ããšããŠããããŸããããªé·ã
äœé»ã«ãããŒã®å«ã¿ãããã
åŸå³ãç¶ãã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãã¥ã¹ã«ãïŒãªããã«
è¡èåçš®ïŒãã©ãŠãã©ã³ããã·ã¥
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã¯ã©ã·ãã¯ãªãã«ãŒããŒãºãšæã ããçžæ§ãããŒãºã®é¢šå³ãšã¯ã€ã³ ã¯å®ç§ã«èª¿åããã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããŒãºãèæçãããŒããã¥ãŒãšå¥œ çžæ§ã
ã¯ã€ã³ãå€ãç£åºããŠããã è¡èåçš®ïŒãªãŒã¹ãªã³ã° ççŽïŒã¢ãŠã¹ã¬ãŒãŒ
ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãã«ãŒãã£ãŒã ãã€ãã® ãããããªããŒãŽã©ãŒ ïŒæ°é ïŒ ã çç£å°ïŒãã€ããã©ã€ã³ããã»ã³ ççŽïŒã¯ãŒã»ããŒã»ã¢ãŒ
äžè³ªãªã¯ã€ã³é ããžã®æ ç±ãšããµã³ãžã§ãŽã§ãŒãŒã»ãã£ã»ãããŒãã£ãæé«ã® ã¯ã€ã³ã«ããããšã®å¿ããããŠã³ãã«ããã§ã¶ãŒãªã¯ã¯ã€ããªãŒãèšç«ããã åµæ¥åœåãããã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯åžžã«æ œå¹å°åºãçŽ æŽãããè¡èãç£åºãããšä¿¡ ãããã®æœåšæ§ãé«ãä¿é²ããããšãåºãèªã£ããäŒçµ±çãªéžé æ³ãšé©æ° çãªã¯ã€ã³é ãã®è©Šã¿ã«æ¬æãæãããããäŒç€Ÿã®åºæ¬ã§ãããæé·ã çºå±ã ãããŠæåãä¿èšŒããŠããããã®å²åŠã«åŸãããŠã³ãã«ããã§ã¶ãŒãªã¯äŒçµ± ãšé©æ°ãçµã¿åãããããã©ã³ãã®æ°èŠã¹ããŒã¹ã®èšçœ®ã«æ³šåããçŽ2000 ã¡ã®åºãã«600以äžã®æšœãå容ããã»ã©ãŒãå®æããã ãŠã³ãã«ãã®ç¶ãã€ã©ãŒãªãªã¯ãããŒãã£ã§æãæŽå² ãããªã¹ããªã¢ã®äžè»ãçµå¶ããŠãããããã¯ã€ ããªãŒã¯ãšããªã¢ïŒãããŒãã£æçã®çºå±ãš 匷ãç¹ãããããããããŒãã£ã®æŽå²ã®ãŸ ãã«äžå¿å°ã«äœçœ®ãããããžã§ãŒã¬åºå Ž ã®è¿ãã«ããã¬ã¹ãã©ã³âã ãã§ã¶ãŒ ãªâã¯ã10 0 幎以äžã®æŽå²ãæã€ãã ããŒãã£æçãæäŸãã代衚çãªã¬ ã¹ãã©ã³ã®äžã€ã§ãããæçã¯âãŠã³ã ã«ãã»ãã§ã¶ãŒãªâã®èŸ²åã§äœã£ãå¥ åº·çãªå°çšé£æã§äœãããã
ã¬ãŒãããè²ã垯ã³ãå匷ãã«ããŒã¬ããè²ãããŒãºã¯ããã£ã·ã ãšããããªã¥ãŒã ãæããå匷ããã¹ãã¬ã®çãæç¶çãªéŠããšã ãªãŒã¯ãçç ããã³ãŒããŒè±ã®ãšã¬ã¬ã³ããªå«ã¿ãç«ã¡äžããèŸ å£ã ãã«ããã£ããšã¬ã¬ã³ããªã¿ã³ãã³ã®é åãè©°ãŸã£ãå³ããã è¡èåçš®ïŒãµã³ãžã§ãŽã§ãŒãŒ çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ èµ€èº«ã®èãç¹ã«ããŒã¹ãããèããã«ã¡ã¶ã³ãªã©çæãããã㌠ãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
ã¢ã©ã«ãã£ã«ã®ãããŒãžã³ã°ã»ãã£ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒã¯ãéžé åŠè ã®ã¯ã©ãŠãã£ã¢ã»ãã ã©ãçãžã®æè³ã¯ãã¡ãããããžãã¹ã«é¢ããä»ã®åéã«ãåºæ¥ãéãæè³ ããã¯ã€ã³ã®å質ãç¶æããŠãããåžžã«ã³ã¹ãã»ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãæèããå ãããããã¯ã€ã³ãè³Œå ¥ããããã¯ã€ã³ã®ã¬ã³ãžãããããŠããã
ããšããšä¿®éé¢ã§ãã£ãã«ã»ãã£ã»ãã©ãã£ã¯1782幎ããååšããŠããã1939 幎ããã«ã»ãã§ãŒã家ããŽã§ããŒãããã¬ã«ãæ¹å°æ¹ãžãšç§»äœããã¯ã€ããªãŒ ãèšç«ããã«ã»ãã§ãŒã家ã¯190haã®çãææããããã«40haã®åºç»ãåã ãŠããããããã¯ã«ã¬ãŒãå°æ¹æ倧ã®æ·å°é¢ç©ã
èæ¯ãèŠããªãã»ã©æ¿ããã©ãã¯ã«ããŒè²ãè¥ã ããããŒãºã¯ãè€é
ããã¯ã¯ã€ããªãŒã«é«ãè©äŸ¡ããããããéåå¡ã®ãããªã¯ã€ã³
ã§ç ãçèãã¢ã«ããªãŒã¯ãã¹ãã€ã¹ãããããŒã®å«ã¿ã瀺ããçãçã
ã§ãããã¯ã€ããªãŒã®ã·ã³ãã«ã§ããç¶ããã ãã®å°æ¹åç£ã®åçš®ã
ãããªãŒé¡ã䌎ããç¹çŽ°ãªçé³¥ç£ã®èã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã³ããè€éããäžããŠ
ãã¬ããã¢ãŒãã»ãã£ã»ã«ã¬ãŒãã®ã¿ã§é ãããŠãããããšããšã¯1
ãããããã£ã¢ã ããã£ããã¬ãã·ã¥ã§çãçããšããã¯ã€ã³ã§ãããš
幎以å ã«é£²ãã®ã«é©ããã¯ã€ã³ãšèããããŠããããããã«ã§æ°å¹Ž
åæã«ã ãšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§é©ãã»ã©æãããã
å¯ããããšæé«ã®å³ãããè¡šçŸããããšãåãã£ãã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãã«ãã©
è¡èåçš®ïŒãã¬ããã¢ãŒãã»ãã£ã»ã«ã¬ãŒã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ çããŒã¹ã®ã¹ããŒããçŒèïŒã«ã«ãïŒïœ€ã¹ãã¢ãªãã¬ãŒãªãã¯ãé»ãã ãããå ¥ã£ãŠããããŒãºçãšå¥œçžæ§ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ å·ããããŸãã¯æž©ããç¹çŽ°ãªå³ããã®åèããèžãéãã°ãªã«ãã éæçãšå¥œçžæ§ã
1940幎ã«åµæ¥ãããŽã£ãã§ãã¹ Y ããã¬ã¹ ã ã㥠ã¹ã¯çæ³çãªæ°åæ¡ä»¶ãšãŠããŒã¯ãªè³ªã®åå£ã®ç ãæã¡ãããããéåžžã«æ¿çž®ãããè³éŠé«ãã¯ã€ã³ ãçç£ãããã çŸåšã¯3代ç®ãçµå¶ãè¡ã£ãŠããã
çç£è ã®ãµã³ïœ¥ãããã¬ã¬ã©ãã¯1958幎åµæ¥ã®ååçµåãååã¯è¿ãã«ã ãèå ã«ç ãè人ã®åããšã£ãŠãããçã®ãã³ãã©ããŒãªã§ã¯æš¹éœ¢100幎ã è¶ãããã®ããããäŒçµ±ãå®ãã€ã€é«å質ãªã¯ã€ã³ãé ãããã«ãéžé ã»ç æã«ã¯ã¹ãã³ã¬ã¹ã»ã¹ãã£ãŒã«ã¿ã³ã¯ãšãªãŒã¯æšœã䜵çšããŠããã
å匷ããé®®ããã§ã ããããªã«ããŒè²ã å匷ãã è€éãªã¢ããã¯çããæ
çããŠãããéã³ã®ãããªããã©ã«æã®ããããŒãºãç«ã¡äžããã
å®ã®å«ã¿ã ããŒã¹ãã®ã¢ããã ããããŒãšãã«ãµãã³é ¢ã®å«ã¿ãæã€ã ãŸ
ãã£ã¢ã ããã£ããããããšããã¿ã³ãã³ã瀺ãã
ãããã§ã ããããã ãšãŠãããããªãã©ã³ã¹ã®é¢šå³ã¯é·ãåŸå³ãæã€ã
ïŒã¯ã€ã³ã»ã¢ããŽã©ã±ã€ãã®Luis Gutiérrez 2017幎3æã³ã¡ã³ãåŒçšïŒ
ã¯ã€ã³ã¯80%ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã³ãªãŒã¯ã20%ãã¬ã³ããªãŒã¯ã®æšœã§6ã¶æéã
å€ãè¡èçã¯ã»ãšãã©ã¯100幎ãã€ãã®ã§ãåçåçš®ã®ãã³ãã©
äžäœïœé«æ¹¿åºŠã§13ïœ16âã®éã§çæãããã
ããŒãªã§ã¯ãå°ããåºç»ã§äžå¯§ã«æ œå¹ãããæäœæ¥ã§éžå¥ãããŠã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãã³ãã©ããŒãšã ã¡ã«ããŒ
ã¯ã€ã³é ãã®éçšã«ãããã±ã¢ãæ£ç¢ºã«åæ ããŠããã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããŒã¹ããã°ãªã«ããèã è±é¡ã äžäœãã匷ã颚å³ã®ããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
è¡èåçš®ïŒ ãã³ãã©ããŒãªã§
GROUP
ãã©ã³ãã§ã¹ã³ã»ãã»ã»ãã¡ãã¯ïŒ1839ïœ1909ïŒã1865幎ã«ã¯ã€ããªãŒãåµèš ããŠä»¥æ¥ããã¡ãã¯å®¶ã¯ãããã¹ã®çã§æé«ã®è¡èãåç©«ããããšæ ç±ãç ãããçµå¶ãè¡ã£ãŠããããã£ããã»ã©ããããã¹ã®è¡èçå šåãå£æ» ã㊠ããŸã£ãåŸã«ãå床æ€æš¹ãå¥å šãªè¡èçãåæ§ç¯ããå é§è ã®äžäººã«ãã¡ ãã¯ïœ¥ãœã¬ãŒã«ïŒ1864ïœ1958ïŒãããã1904幎ã«ã¯ã€ããªãŒã蚪åããåœçã ã¢ã«ãã©ã³ãœ13äžãè©äŸ¡ããã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯å°åã§æé«ã®å声ãæã«ããã ãŽã¡ã«ãã©ã«ã¢ãµã®æåãžã®ç»æçåºæ¥äºãšããŠãã¹ãã€ã³å æŠåŸããã»ïœ¥ã ã¡ãã¯ã»ãã«ããåããŠãŽã¡ã«ãã©ã«ã¢ãµ ã«ãŽã¡ãããã«ã«è©°ããŠçç£ãã ããšã ãæŽå²ãšèªç¶ã¯140幎éãŽã¡ã«ãã©ã«ã¢ãµã®å³æ¹ã§ã¯ãªãã£ãããæ ç±ãšäŒçµ±ãšããžã§ã³ãžã®æ¬æã®ãããã§ããã¡ãã¯å®¶ã¯ãã€ãå°é£ãä¹ãè¶ ããŠãããä»ã§ã¯ãã¯ã€ã³ãšã«ãŽã¡ã¯äžçäžã§æ¥œããŸããå€åããšç®èº«ãªæ 床 ã®5äžä»£ã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¡ãŒã«ãŒãžã®è³èŸãèŽã£ãŠããã
ä»ã«ã¯ãªãå質ã®é«ããè¿œæ±ããçµæãåŒç€Ÿã®ããã ãã«ç¹å¥ ã«é ãããã«ãŽã¡ã é«å質ã®çç±ã¯ããµãŒãžã¥ããªãããªãããã æ¬ ç¹ã®ããŸãããããããæŽã«å質ã容æã«åºãŠããŸããããå 質ãé«ããšãããŠããããªã¥ããã»ããã¥ã¬ãããŒã¹ãšããŠäœ¿çšã çŽ æŽãããæ·±ã¿ãæã€ãã¯ãªã¢ã§é®®ãããæ·¡ãé»éè²ããããã ããªæ³¡ãäžè²«ãé£ç¶ããŠåºãŠãããç¹çŽ°ãªããŒãºã¯ãã€ãŒã¹ããš ææ©é¡ã®éŠããæã¡ãéããŠãããšè±ã®æ§ãªå«ã¿ã瀺ããçŽ æŽã ãããç¹çŽ°ããããã«ãŸãããã«ãªã£ãŠãããç¶ãç®ãç¡ããèå ãã颚å³ãæã¡ãæ»ããã§ã·ã«ããŒãªåŸå³ã§ã¯ç¹çŽ°ãªããŒã¹ã ã®å«ã¿ã瀺ãã è¡èåçš®ïŒãã«ããªããã£ã¬ãããã¬ãªã£ãŒã çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããŒã¹ããã°ãªã«ããèãè±é¡ãäžäœãã匷ã颚å³ã®ããŒãºãšå¥œ çžæ§ã
äžå®¶ã¯1124幎ããããŠæ²³æ²¿ãã®å°ããªæã§åµæ¥ããProf. Dr. ããŒã¬ã³ãã» ã¢ãŒã¶ãŒã«ããå šçã極ããã圌ã¯1950幎代ã«è¿ä»£çãªè¡èçã®ç®¡çæ¹ æ³ãåç¬ã§èæ¡ãããäžçäžã®è¡èçã§ãã¬ãªã¹ãèŠãããããããã¯ãçŸ åšã®åœäž»ã®ç¥ç¶ã«ãããã®ã§ãããããŒã¬ã³ãã» ãã¡ã€ãŽã¯ãã°ãªã¥ãŒããŒã«çŠç¹ã眮ããŠã ãå¯äžã®çç£è ããã®åçš®ã¯ããªãŒã¹ã ãªã¢ãçãã è¡èåçš®ã§ãããåœå 㯠ã€ã³ç·çç£ã®1/3ãå ããããªãŒã¹ ããªã¢ã¯ã€ã³ã®æ確ãªãããã£ãŒã« ã瀺ãçæ³çãªå€§äœ¿ãªã®ã§ããã ã°ãªã¥ãŒããŒã¯ãæ¿ çž®ããã調å ããšãããã£ãã¹ãè±ãã§ãé·ãç æããã³ã·ã£ã«ãåããŠãããè¥ ãæã«ã¯ãã¥ã¢ãªæ¥œãã¿ãããã ããçæããããšé£²ã¿é ã®å¿«ãã ä¿èšŒããŠãããã
ã¯ã¬ã ã¹ã¿ãŒã«ïŒã¯ã€ã³ãã£ã¢ãã«ç£ã®ãšã£ãŠããã¬ãã·ã¥ãªè¡ èã®ãã¬ã³ãããã§ã«ããªãŒãã®éç«ã£ãæå®å³ã¯ãã¯ã¬ã ã¹ã¿ ã«ã®ååã«äœçœ®ããæ°æž©å·®ãèŠå ãšãªã£ãŠãããæž©ãã空æ°ã¯ ç床ãšæ¿çž®ãããã¢ããã«åœ±é¿ãäžãããå·ãã空æ°ã¯ããã¬ã ã·ã¥ãªæå®å³ã«å€å€§ã«è²¢ç®ãããéåžžã«æŽ»ã掻ããšããŠãããŒã¢ ããŒè±ããªæå®å³ã®é¢šå³ã¯ãã¬ãã·ã¥ãªåŸå³ã䌎ããã°ã©ã¹ã« 泚ãããŒãã£ãã倧åãªå¬ãã«ããã®ã¯ã€ã³ã泚ãã§æ¬²ããïŒ éåžžã«ã¢ãã³ã§ããã¬ãã·ã¥ãªã¢ãããŒãããããã¯ã€ã³ã§ã©ã ã«ããã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ããŒã¬ã³ã V.ã®åšããœãã£ãŒæ°ã«æ§ããããã 圌女ã¯æ¬¡äžä»£ã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¡ãŒã«ãŒã« ãªãããšãæãã§ããã è¡èåçš®ïŒ ã°ãªã¥ãŒããŒã»ãã§ã«ããªãŒã
89 ãã€ã³ã
88 ãã€ã³ã
é«çŽã¯ã€ã³ã®è£œé ãšè²©å£²ãç®çã«1998幎ã«èšç«ããããŽã£ãã«ãã¯ãããŸã ãŸãªæè¡æ¹è¯ãéããäžã§ãã«ãŒããã¢ã代衚ããã¯ã€ã³è£œé äŒç€Ÿã«æé· ãããã«ãŒããã¢ã®ã¯ã€ã³ç£æ¥ã®åŸ©æŽ»ã«åãå ¥ããŠãããã³ã¹ãããã©ãŒãã³ ã¹ã«åªããåœéåçš®ã¯ã€ã³ã®çç£ã«èªä¿¡ãæã£ãŠããã
åµé ãšåçš®è©äŸ¡ããããã£ã³ã«ã»ã©ã¹ïœ¥ã¢ã©ã¹ã¯æ±ºããŠäŒçµ±çãªã¯ã€ããªãŒã§ ã¯ãªããåµé æ§ãšäžè³ªãªã¯ã€ã³é ãã®äž¡æ¹ã§ååºããŠãããã¯ã€ã³ãžã®æã 蟌ã¿ããåšç¥ãããŠããããšããŸãæ¶è²»ã®ä»æ¹ã«å¯ŸããŠæãã§ããããã® ã«ãŒãã¯ã¢ã«ãŒã³ãã³ã®äž»èŠãªã¯ã€ã³çç£å°åºã«å®¿ãã
è±ãã§çããå匷ãããŒãºã¯ãã¹ã¢ãŒããŒãªãã©ãã¯ããªãŒã®æå®å³
ãã£ã³ã«ã»ã©ã¹ã»ã¢ã©ã¹ã®ãŽã¡ã©ã€ãšã¿ã«ã¯ã€ã³ïŒåäžåçš®ã§é ããã
ãšç¹çŽ°ãªé åçãªã¹ãã€ã¹ã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã³ããèæ¯ã«ãé æçãªããã©
ã¯ã€ã³ïŒããã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ããã«ãŒãã£ã調åã®åããã¯ã€ã³ãé»è²ã«ç·
ã®ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ãæã€ã ãã£ãããšããåŸå³ã¯é©ãã»ã©äœé»ãé·ãã
ã®è²èª¿ã垯ã³ããã°ã¬ãŒããã«ãŒããšã¢ã¹ãã©ã¬ã¹ã®å匷ãã¢ãã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¡ã«ããŒã ã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³
ãéŠããèŸå£ã¯ã€ã³ã§ãã¬ãã·ã¥ãªé žå³ã瀺ãã è¡èåçš®ïŒãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ã»ãã©ã³ çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ 10ïœ12âã«å·ãããŠãçœèº«éãã¢ãžã¢æçããã€ã«ããªé¢šå³ã®ã㌠ãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
ã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯ãããã³ã»ãã³ãžã£ãã³ã»ãã¥ã»ããŒãã·ã«ããšããŒã©ã³ã»ãã ãœãŒã«ããããŒãããŒã·ããã§èªçãããã¯ã€ããªãŒåã®ããã¬ã·ã£ã¹ã»ãã» ãã¹ã»ã¢ã³ãã¹ãã¯ãã¢ã³ãã¹ã®ç¢ãæå³ããŠãããããŒãã·ã«ã家ã®å®¶çŽã§ ãã5æ¬ã®ç¢ã瀺ããŠããïŒå®¶ç³»ã®èµ·æºã§ãã5人ã®å åŒã象城ããŠããïŒ ã å šãŠã®çã¯æã§åç©«ãã éžæãè¡ãããã
ã¢ã³ãã¹å±±èã®éºãã¡ã³ããŒãµããåã«120ããã«äœçœ®ããæš é«1,100ã¡ãŒãã«ã®å Žæã«ãè¡èçãããããã«ããã¯ã¯ãã¢ã°ã¢ ãªãã€ã®çã®åºç»ãæ¥ããã¢ã³ãã¹å±±ç³»ã®ãŠããŒã¯ãªããã¯ãŒ ã«ã«ãããŠãäž»èŠãªåçš®ã§ãããæäžã®ãã«ããã¯ããå³éžãã ãè¡èã¯ææã¿ã«ãã£ãŠåç©«ããã桶ã«å ¥ããåã«åªããéžå¥ ãããããã®ã°ã©ã³ã»ã¬ãŒã«ãŽã¡ã¯ãã¬ã³ãã»ãªãŒã¯ã®æšœã§18㶠æéçæãããã ã¯ã€ã³ã¯å匷ãå³ããã ããããã¯ãŒã«ãšãã®é«ãç«å°ã®ãã ãã§ããã©ã³ã¹ãåããäžè³ªã§ãããããé žå³ãæã£ãŠããã è¡èåçš®ïŒãã«ãã㯠çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒèµ€èããœãŒã»ãŒãžãçæããããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
ãã¹ã«ã«ã»ããœã¯ã€ã¿ãªã¢ã ããšã¢ã³ãã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¡ãŒã«ãŒäžå®¶ã§è²ã£ãã圌ã¯1880 幎代äžæã«ã¢ã«ãŒã³ãã³ã«æž¡ãã¡ã³ããŒãµã«ç§»äœãããã ãã®æã«ãæ°å€©å°ã® ã¯ã€ã³é ãã«ãããŠçŽæãããæªæ¥ãçŽæããã ãããŠ1890幎ãã¹ã«ã«ã»ããœã¯ã ã°ã¢ã€ãã¬ã³ã®ãµã³ãã»ã«æåã®ã¯ã€ããªãŒãåµèšãã20äžçŽã®åé ã«ãäºæ¥ æ¡å€§ã決ãããã€ãã«è¡èçãè³Œå ¥ããã圌ã®ãšã¹ããŒãã§ãã âã©ã¹ãã©ã³ã« ã¹â ã§æ°èŠã¯ã€ããªãŒãèšç«ãã ã¡ã³ããŒãµç£ã®æäžçŽã®è¡èãæ œå¹ãã ã¯ã€ã³ é ãã«æ ç±ãåããã2001幎ããã¯èåãªã¯ã€ã³ã¡ãŒã«ãŒã®ããŒã«ã»ãããã¹ æ°ãæºãã£ãŠããã ããœã¯ã€ã³ã®å質ã¯æŽã«åäžããã ããŒã«æ°ã¯1978幎ãå ããŠæ絊ã§ã¯ã€ã³éžé ã«ä»ããã®ãã ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®ãªãŒã¯ãŽã£ã«ã«ãããããŒãã» ã¢ã³ããŽã£ã»ã¯ã€ããªãŒã ã£ãã1984幎ãŸã§å€ãã圌ã¯ã ã¢ã³ããŽã£ãšããã³ã»ã㣠ãªããã»ãã¥ã»ããŒãã·ã«ãã®ååŒäºæ¥ã§ãããªãŒ ãã¹ã¯ã³èšç«ã«åå ããçµæŽãæã€ã
ãšã¬ã¬ã³ããªã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãæã€ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ããã€ã»ã³ããªãŒãšã©ãºã ãªãŒã®ãã«ãŒãããã£ã·ããšéŠãããã©ãã¹ãã€ã¹ããã§ã³ã¬ãŒã ã®å«ã¿ããããé·ãå³ãããç¶ããã¯ã£ãããšæçœãªåŸå³ãæ®ãã ãšã¬ã¬ã³ãã§è€éãªã¯ã€ã³ãéåžžã«çå³ãããããäžè²«ããŠã¿ã³ ãã³ãæããããã
ããœã¯ã¯ãŒã«ãã¯ã©ã¹ã®ã¯ã€ããªãŒãšãªãã2007 幎ã«IWSCãã³ãã³ãããã¹ãã»ã¢ã«ãŒã³ãã³ã» ãããã¥ãŒãµãŒã®ãããã£ãŒãèŽãããã
ã¡ã³ããŒãµå°æ¹ãã€ãå°åºã®ãã©ã³ã«ã¹ã«ãããã¯ã€ããªãŒãæ
暹霢100幎ã®çã®è¡èãåæã«ãææ°éã® èšåã§éžé ããŠããã6ã€ã®ã¬ã³ãžã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ 40ã«åœä»¥äžã§è²©å£²ãããŠããã ããœã®ãŠããŒã¯ ãªããã¯ãŒã«ãšæ°åæ¡ä»¶ã§ãåœéçãªè³ã§90 ãã€ã³ã以äžãåè³ããã¯ã€ã³ãçç£ããŠããã
æ°æšœã§12ã¶æéçæãããããã«6ã¶æç¶å éžé ãããŠãããªãª
æãããšã¹ããŒãã§è²ã£ãè¡èããé ãããŠããããã®å°åã¯ã¡ ã³ããŒãµã§äžçªã®ã¯ã€ã³éå£å°ã®äžã€ã«æ°ããããæ°åãšåå£ ã§æåã§ããã20ïŒ ãã¬ã³ããªãŒã¯ãš80ïŒ ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã³ãªãŒã¯ã® ãŒã¹ããã è¡èåçš®ïŒã«ãã«ããœãŒãŽã£ããšã³ çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ èµ€èããœãŒã»ãŒãžãçæããããŒãºãšå¥œçžæ§ã
ãã©ãã³ã®ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ãããªã®é»éã®ã³ã³ãã«ã«ã¡ãªãã§åä»ãããããšã«ã»ã³ã³ãã«ã®çã§äœãããæé«å質ã®è¡èãäŸçµŠãã㊠ãããã¯ã€ããªãŒã®æãå€ãéšåã¯ãåäžçŽã®çµããã«å»ºèšããããã©ãã³ã¯ã€ããªãŒã§ã®ã¯ã€ã³éžé ã®é·ãäŒçµ±ã蚌æãæãé èŠã®å€ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã·ã§ãã«ããŒã±ããã®ãªã¯ãšã¹ãã«å¿ãããããããã¯ã€ããªãŒã¯é·å¹Žã®éã«æ¡åŒµãããè¿ä»£åãããŠãããçŸ åšã¯æç¶çã¯ã€ã³çç£ãäºé žåççŽ æåºéåæžãçæ ç³»ä¿å šã矩åãšããŠã ç°å¢ä¿å šåçç£ã«åãçµãã§ããã
æ·±ã¿ã®ãããæ¿ãå匷ããã©ãã¯ã«ããŒè²ãããçžã¯è¥ã ãã玫è²ãã
é åçãªèµ€è²ããã玫è²ã®è²èª¿ãå¿å°ããããŒãºã¯ãåé¢ã«åºãèµ€ãšé»
ãŠãããè€éã§è³éŠã®åŒ·ãããŒãºã¯ããã©ã ããã«ãŒããªãŒãã©ãºããª
è²ã®æå®ã瀺ããšåæã«ã¹ãã€ã¹ãããããŒããªãŒã¯ã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã³ãã®å«
ãŒããã§ã³ã¬ãŒããããã©ã®ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ã瀺ããç¹çŽ°ãªè±ããªãŒã¯ã®ã¢
ã¿ã瀺ããæããããŸãããã§ãšã¬ã¬ã³ããçããæå®å³ã®ãã£ãããš
ã¯ã»ã³ããæã€ããã«ããã£ããã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãå£ã®äžãèŠããããªè±ããª
ããæ žããã©ã³ã¹ã®åããé žå³ãæã¡ãäœé»ã®é·ãããªãŒé¡ã®åŸå³ã«
æå®å³ã®ãã£ãããšããæ žãæã¡ããã£ãããšããŠãããšåæã«ããã
ãã£ãŠè£å®ãããŠããã
ã«èåããã¿ã³ãã³ã«ããæ¯ããããŠããããããã«ãã©ã³ã¹ãåã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¡ã«ããŒ
ãã¯ã€ã³ã§ã äœé»ã®é·ãåŸå³ã§ãããã«äžäœãšãªãã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ããŒã¹ãããŒããèžãçŒããªã¹æçãã¹ããŒãã çæããŒãºãªã©ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
è¡èåçš®ïŒãã«ããã¯
ããŠã«ã»ãŽã¡ã¬ãŒã«äœçœ®ããã¯ã€ããªãŒããªãŽã§ãã»ãã°ã©ïŒé»ãçŸïŒãšã¯ãç¹ å¥ã§çŸ€ãããã¯ã¿åºããèªèº«ã®éãé²ã人ã®ããšãæå³ããŠãããããªã§æ åã«ãç°å¢ä¿å šåçç£ãããŠãããšããŠèªå®ãããã¯ã€ããªãŒã®ã²ãšã€ã§ã ããã ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒãšåæ§ãããã 奜å¥å¿ããããã¯ã€ã³ã
ã©ã€ãªã³ã¯ã¢ããªã«ã®ãžã£ã³ã°ã«ã®çæ§ãšãããŠãããã©ã€ãªã³ãçŸç£ã® ããªãŒããŒããšã¿ãªãããã®ãšåæ§ã«ãã©ã€ãªã³ãºã»ãŠã§ã€ã»ã¯ã€ã³ã¯ãã®è³ªãš å³ããã§ä»ããªãŒããã åã¢ããªã«ã®ãã¹ãããŸãã«äœçŸããŠããã
ã·ã£ã«ãããããããã«ã«ãã«ãŒãã®ã¢ãããšãŽã£ãªããšã®æã€æ¡ã
ã©ã€ãªã³ãºã»ãŠã§ã€ ã·ã£ã«ããã¯ãããã«ãã©ã³ã¹ãåãã軜ããªãŒã
ã¢ããªã³ããã®å«ã¿ãšæ··ããåã£ãŠããã颚å³ã¯ãçããšã¿ã«ãã®ãã©
ãŒã§ãã°ã¬ãŒããã«ãŒãããã€ãããã«ãã©ã€ã ã®ã¢ãããéŠãããã¿ãŒ
ã³ã¹ãè±ãã«ãšãã ã¯ã€ã³ã«åºãããšå匷ãããã¬ãã·ã¥ããããããã
ã®è±ããªé¢šå³ãåºããã
è±ããªããã£ã¢ã ããã£ãé åçãªåŸå³ãæã€ã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã·ã£ã«ãã
è¡èåçš®ïŒã·ã£ã«ããã ãŽã£ãªããš çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ èèªåæ§ãç®ã®çœèãã ãã¿ãŒã§æçããéãªã©ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
87 ãã€ã³ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ãµãŒã¢ã³ãããã³ãã¯ãªãŒã ãã¹ã¿ã®ãæçã®æé«ã®ããŒãããŒãšãªãã
ããã«ãã³å®¶ã® è¡èæ œå¹ã¯ãå 代ãªãã£ãŒãã» ããã«ãã³ãå ãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢ ã® æ€ æ° å°ã®ã©ã³ ãã»ãªãŒããŒ4 49ã ååŸãã18 3 7幎ã«ã ãã®ãŒãã18 5 0 幎 代ãŸã§ ã«ããªãã£ãŒãã®äžç·ãã³ãªãŒã»ããã«ãã³ããã ã«è¡èçãåºããã¯ã€ã³ã»ã©ãŒãèš ç«ããã㊠1972幎ã«ãåå«ã§ãããªãã£ãŒããšãžã§ãããã㯠ã€ããªãŒãèšç«ãããããžãã¹ã¯æé·ãéããæ° ãã«è³Œå ¥ããçãè²ãŠãã¯ã€ã³é ãã®èšåæè³ã æ¹è¯ãå®æœãã¯ã€ã³é ãã®æè¡ã磚ãã1970幎代 ãéããŠæ°ã ã®åè³ã¯ã€ã³ãé ããŸããã çŸåšã§ã¯ããªãã£ãŒãã»ããã«ãã³ãšã¬ã³ã³ãã£ãŒ ã«ããã©ã³ãã¯ãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢åœå ããããŠåœå€ ã®ããŒã±ããã«ãããŠãçºå±ãããã®å°äœãäžå ã®ãã®ãšããŠããã
æ·±ã¿ã®ããæ¿ãæ·±çŽ è²ãé æçãªããŒ
ãã¬ãã·ã¥ã§ãè±ãã§çãæ¿çž®ãããã
ã±ã¯æ¿åã§çããã«ã·ã¹ã«ããã³ãã®å«
ã§ãªãŒããã©ã ã®é¢šå³ã¯ãã£ãããšãã
ã¿ãè¡šããã¢ã«ããŽã¡ããªã³ã®ãã¥ã¢ã³
çµæããŽã§ã«ãŽã§ããã®ãããªã¿ã³ãã³
ã¹ã®æšœéŠãç«ã¡äžããéåžžã«æŽ»æ°ãã
ãšäœé»ã®é·ãåŸå³ã«ãã£ãŠæ¯ããããŠ
ãããŸãããã§ããžã¥ãŒã·ãŒãªãããŠå
ãããã°ã©ã¹ã®äžã§ã¯ã€ã³ãéããšãã³
çš®ã®å³ãããåºãããã¿ã³ãã³ã¯é·ã
ãŒããŒãããã©ãã¯ããŒãŽãããã¡ã°ãã
ç¶ããäœé»ã®é·ãåŸå³ãæ®ãã
ãããŒãã¹ãã€ã¹ã®å«ã¿ãåºãŠããã
è¡èåçš®ïŒ ã«ãã«ãã»ãœãŒãŽã£ããšã³
è¡èåçš®ïŒã¡ã«ããŒ
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ã·ã«èãããŒãã»ãŠã§ãª ã³ãã³ãæ¿åãªé¢šå³ã® ãã¹ã¿ãšå¥œçžæ§ã
çžæ§ã®è¯ãæçïŒ ãã³ããŒã»ã¬ã¢ã»ã¹ããŒãã®ãããªãã㣠ã¢ã ïœãã«ã³ãŒã¹ã®æçãšçŽ æŽãããè¯ ãåãããŸããã€ã¿ãªã¢é¢šã®æçãšå ±ã«ã