CAVI Workshop 2017-2018 : Bangkok
Group 3 Post-Industrial Group members 1.
Aditi Bisen
2.
Praneeta Moorthy
3.
Rochelle Moreno
4.
Zhuo Ruoxuan
Table of contents 1. Site introduction 2. Conditions Building Scale 3. Strategies Building Scale 4. Scenario Development 1 5. Scenario Development 2 6. Scenario Development 3 7. Summary of Scenarios Building Scale 8. Conditions Network Scale 9. Strategies Network Scale 10. Scenario Development 1 11. Scenario Development 2 12. Scenario Development 3 13. Summary of Scenarios Network Scale 14. Mission Net Zero Sheet –Week 2 15. Net Value Sheet
Informal settlements
Infrastructure
Landfill
Port
Chao Phraya
Bang Kachao
District Scale Map
City Scale Map
Post-Industrial + Mae Nam Railway Station
Conditions-Building Scale Building Program
Building Footprint
Program Nodes
Land-use Regulations
Urban Condition
CITY EDGE
+
INDUSTRIAL FAR 1
+
+ HIGH-DENSITY
=
RESIDENTIAL ZONE FAR 5, 6
URBAN INTERSTICES LANDFILL/ OPEN SPACE
• Landfill/ Open Space • Urban Interstices • City Edge
14% Built, 86% Open Solar Potential
=
+
Temple
Industry
+
POTENTIAL • WTE • HYDRO • SOLAR EXISTING BUILDINGS • PV ON ROOFTOP
Canals
UHI
Informal settlements
Energy vs. Program
+
Major Infra.
Mangrove
Energy Condition
Energy Total Consumption
• Low Energy Consumption • High UHI in Urban Interstices • High Solar Energy Potential
Strategies Building Scale Design/Architecture/Program
Energy o Energy Consumption Reduction
•
Clean Tech + Eco District + Eco Industrial Park Passive Design
Active System •
Centralised Cooling Systems for city edge
•
AC Set point from 24˚c to 26˚c
•
Tick 4 Lighting and Appliance
Redev’t
•
•
o Energy Generation Natural Ventilation
Global & Local • Waste-to-Energy
o Redevelop | Urban Interstices Basic Infrastructure Upgradation
•
Clustering for de-densification
•
Increase Open Space + Utilities
Yerwada
• •
Street Led Approach
Incineration (Clean Tech)
•
Image from Bjarke Ingles Group
Hydro power Kinetic Turbines Solar Solar PV on roof | Existing Buildings & New Dev’t
Policies | Waste Management Policy (Building Scale)
Image from Enersac
•
Building Envelope Improvements (Façade Improvements)
•
Natural Ventilation (Evaporate Cooling System, Hot + Dry Climate) CITY EDGE
Source: Dreiseitl
JTC Clean tech
WWTP
Passive Design Introduction
Source: Group 3 Design
URBAN INTERSTICES
Development
Bang Sue WWTP
Biomass
LANDFILL/ OPEN SPACE
Solar
Boundary
Clean Tech
•
•
o Refurbishment & Transform | City Edge •
Biogas (Bang KaChao) | Agricultural Wastes
-Industrial Waste & MSW(NonRecyclables)
Redevelopment Stages •
•
Hydro
•
Source: Fresh Kills Park
WTE
• Hot & Dry Climate
Hydro
o Clean Tech New Dev’t | Landfill/Open Space
Hydro Kinetic Energy
Scenario I Objectives :
o Energy Consumption Reduction •
Reduction Goal : 25%
•
To address other sites energy demands. Eg. – Sukhumvit Consumption ~ 20X of post industrial Consumption Post Industrial Generation Goal: 5X Consumption or 500%
o Energy Generation •
Initiatives :
Refurbishment & Transformation | City Edge & Urban Interstices - Rowhouses, Shop houses, Institutional 1. AC Set point 24˚C 2. Tick 4 Lighting and Appliances from 2023 3. Solar PV on 50% Roof Area
Annual Electricity Consumption (kWh/ year) AC Set point - 24˚C
Overall Major Trend • •
Consumption Reduction – 17.38%
Electricity Production – 4.82 kWh/yr
•
Total Energy Offset - 93.4
•
Total Profit -
Annual Electricity Production (kWh/ year) Solar PV on Rooftop – 50%
Total Annual Cost (S$/year)
Initial Consumption – 6.33
X 106 kWh/ year Final Consumption – 5.23 X 106 kWh/ year
11.12 %
%
X 106
Scenario II Objectives :
o Energy Consumption Reduction •
Reduction Goal : 25%
•
To address other sites energy demands. Eg. – Sukhumvit Consumption ~ 20X of post industrial Consumption Post Industrial Generation Goal: 5X Consumption or 500%
o Energy Generation •
Initiatives :
Refurbishment & Transformation | City Edge & Urban Interstices - Rowhouses, Shop houses, Institutional 1. AC Set point 25˚C 2. Tick 4 Lighting and Appliances from 2020 3. Solar PV on 65% Roof Area
Annual Electricity Consumption (kWh/ year) AC Set point - 25˚C
Overall Major Trend • •
Consumption Reduction – 18.96%
Electricity Production – 6.26 kWh/yr
•
Total Energy Offset – 117.86
•
Total Profit -
X 106 kWh/ year Final Consumption – 5.13 X 106 kWh/ year
48.48 %
Annual Electricity Production (kWh/ year) Solar PV on Rooftop – 65%
Total Annual Cost (S$/year)
Initial Consumption – 6.33
X 106 %
Scenario III Objectives :
o Energy Consumption Reduction •
Reduction Goal : 25%
•
To address other sites energy demands. Eg. – Sukhumvit Consumption ~ 20X of post industrial Consumption Post Industrial Generation Goal: 5X Consumption or 500%
o Energy Generation •
Initiatives :
Refurbishment & Transformation | City Edge & Urban Interstices - Rowhouses, Shop houses, Institutional 1. AC Set point 26˚C 2. Tick 4 Lighting and Appliances from 2017 3. Solar PV on 80% Roof Area
Annual Electricity Consumption (kWh/ year) AC Set point - 26˚C
Overall Major Trend • •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06% Electricity Production – 7.7 X 106
kWh/yr
•
Total Energy Offset – 141.7
•
Total Profit -
Annual Electricity Production (kWh/ year) Solar PV on Rooftop – 80%
Total Annual Cost (S$/year)
Initial Consumption – 6.33
X 106 kWh/ year Final Consumption – 5.06 X 106 kWh/ year
85.49 %
%
BAU scenario • Tick 2: 2010 -2016 • Tick 3: 2017-2030 • Consumption Reduction – 15%
Urban Condition
Summary of Scenarios-Building Scale +
+
+
INDUSTRIAL FAR 1 HIGH-DENSITY RESIDENTIAL ZONE FAR 5,6
CE
=
UI LF/OS
• Electricity Production – 0 kWh/ year
%
Consumption Reduction Goal: 25% Generation Goal: 500%
Scenario 1- 24oC, Tick 4 from 2023, 50% PV • • • •
EXISITING BUILDINGS
Energy Condition
• Annual Cost Increase – 21.3
Consumption Reduction – 17.38% (Tick 4 from 2017 case) Electricity Prodn – 4.82 X 106 kWh/ year Total Energy Offset - 93.4 % Total Profit - 11.12 %
+
+
Scenario 2 - 25oC, Tick 4 from 2020, 65% PV • • • •
Consumption Reduction – 18.96% (Tick 4 from 2017 case) Electricity Prodn – 6.26 X 106 kWh/ year Total Energy Offset – 117.86 % Total Profit - 48.48 %
+
=
•
PV ON ROOFTOP
POTENTIAL • • •
WTE HYDRO SOLAR
Scenario 3 – 26oC, Tick 4 from 2017, 80% PV • • • •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06% (Tick 4 from 2017 case) Electricity Prodn – 7.7 X 106 kWh/ year Total Energy Offset – 141.7 % Total Profit - 85.49 %
Finding – Common Area Lighting Consumption ~40%, compared to AC Consumption ~15%
Conditions-Network Scale Ecosystem in Bang KaChao
Mobility Network
Land-Use
Asphalt
Urban Condition
• City edge
+
+
• Ecologies
=
+
• Large asphalt area
MANGROVE
Transport
UHI
Conditions To Address
Energy Condition
Renewable Energy 0.7%
+
Crude Oil & Products 92%
+
=
+
Landfill
Klong Toie
Farmland 45%
Chao Phraya
Green Areas
Others 10% Natural Forest Residential 30% 15%
Green Lung
SOLAR 22% BIOMASS 61%
• Traffic Congestion, Accessibility to site • GHG Emission, UHI POTENTIAL • Living Machine • Renewable Energy • Utilities, Services for City
Expressway
GHG Emission
Renewable Energy
• Lack of public space, waterfront access • Source of renewable energy • High GHG emissions • High Energy consumpti on for transport
Strategies Network Scale o Transformation of the EDGE to a CENTRAL CONDITION • • •
Tramway - Global & Local scale Redevelop and reconnect the land to the city Relocation of port
Energy strategies o Reduce Energy Consumption • Centralised to Decentralised •
Increase neighborhood green; Increase tree share
•
Decrease Asphalt (UHI)
•
Green vehicles
Nantes Tramway
Space/Uses/Program/Time
Green Boulevard
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nantes_tramway
o Protect, Conserve and Enhance ecologies Global Scale • •
Bang KaChao Chao Phraya River
WTE
Shared Bicycle
• Policies • Systemic engagement • Edge treatment
o Energy Generation o Integration of Green and Blue networks |Enhancing quality of open space Local scale • Green corridors • Wetland park • Building regulations
Hong Kong Wetland Park futurarc.com
• •
Solar canopies for public infrastructure | 1.92 Gwh/yr Potential to supply energy for other sites/city | 600%
Shuttle
e-Cars
Scenario I Objectives :
o Energy Consumption Reduction •
Reduction Goal : 25%
•
To address other sites energy demands. Eg. – Sukhumvit Consumption ~ 20X of post industrial Consumption Post Industrial Generation Goal: 5X Consumption or 500%
o Energy Generation •
Initiatives :
Overall Major Trend
Increase Quality Open Space 1. Increase in Neighborhood Green 2. Increase Tree Share – 20 % of green area Energy Generation 1. Solar PV canopy over public space – 5 %
Annual Electricity Consumption (kWh/ year) AC Set point - 26˚C case
• •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06
% Electricity Production – 8.18 X 106
kWh/yr
• •
Total Energy Offset – 149.29% GHG Emission Reduction– 95.6
Annual Electricity Production (kWh/ year) 5 % Solar Canopy + 80% case
GHG Emissions (tonneC02/year)
Initial Consumption – 6.33
X 106 kWh/ year Final Consumption – 5.23 X 106 kWh/ year
Electricity Production – 7.7 X 106 kWh/ year + 0.48 X 106 kWh/ year =
8.18 X 106 kWh/ year
%
Scenario II Objectives :
o Energy Consumption Reduction •
Reduction Goal : 25%
•
To address other sites energy demands. Eg. – Sukhumvit Consumption ~ 20X of post industrial Consumption Post Industrial Generation Goal: 5X Consumption or 500%
o Energy Generation •
Initiatives :
Overall Major Trend
Increase Quality Open Space 1. Increase in Neighborhood Green 2. Increase Tree Share – 40 % of green area Energy Generation 1. Solar PV canopy over public space – 10 %
Annual Electricity Consumption (kWh/ year) AC Set point - 26˚C case
• •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06
% Electricity Production – 8.66 X 106
kWh/yr
• •
Total Energy Offset – 156.87
% GHG Emission Reduction– 138.94 %
Annual Electricity Production (kWh/ year) 10 % Solar Canopy + 80% case
GHG Emissions (tonneC02/year)
Initial Consumption – 6.33 X 106 kWh/ year Final Consumption – 5.23 X 106 kWh/ year Electricity Production – 7.7 X 106 kWh/ year + 0.96 X 106 kWh/ year = 8.66 X 106 kWh/ year
Scenario III Objectives :
o Energy Consumption Reduction •
Reduction Goal : 25%
•
To address other sites energy demands. Eg. – Sukhumvit Consumption ~ 20X of post industrial Consumption Post Industrial Generation Goal: 5X Consumption or 500%
o Energy Generation •
Initiatives :
Overall Major Trend
Increase Quality Open Space 1. Increase in Neighborhood Green 2. Increase Tree Share – 60 % of green area Energy Generation 1. Solar PV canopy over public space – 20 %
Annual Electricity Consumption (kWh/ year) AC Set point - 26˚C case
• •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06
% Electricity Production – 9.62 X 106
kWh/yr
• •
Total Energy Offset – 172.03
% GHG Emission Reduction– 181.89 %
Annual Electricity Production (kWh/ year) 20 % Solar Canopy + 80% case
GHG Emissions (tonneC02/year)
Initial Consumption – 6.33
X 106 kWh/ year Final Consumption – 5.23 X 106 kWh/ year
Electricity Production – 7.7 X 106 kWh/ year + 1.92 X 106 kWh/ year = 9.62
X 106 kWh/ year
• Tick 2: 2010 -2016 • Tick 3: 2017-2030 • Consumption Reduction – 15% • Electricity Production – 0 kWh/ year • GHG Emission Increase – 0.3
%
Consumption Reduction Goal: 25% Generation Goal: 500% Scenario 1 - 20% tree share, 5% PV • • • •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06 % (Tick 4 from 2017 case) Electricity Production – 8.18 X 106 kWh/ year Total Energy Offset – 149.29% GHG Emission Reduction– 95.6 %
+
+
+
=
MANGROVE
CONDITIONS TO ADDRESS
Energy Condition
BAU scenario
Urban Condition
Summary of Scenarios-Network Scale
+
+
+
=
• Traffic Congestion, Accessibility to site • GHG Emission, UHI POTENTIAL
• Living Machine • Renewable Energy • Utilities, Services for city
Scenario 2 - 40% tree share, 10% PV
Scenario 3 – 60% tree share, 20% PV
•
•
• • •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06 % (Tick 4 from 2017 case) Electricity Production – 8.66 X 106 kWh/ year Total Energy Offset – 156.87 % GHG Emission Reduction– 138.94 %
• • •
Consumption Reduction – 20.06 % (Tick 4 from 2017 case) Electricity Production – 9.62 X 106 kWh/ year Total Energy Offset – 172.03 % GHG Emission Reduction– 181.89 %
Finding – Scenario with 40% tree share + 40 % PV Canopy maybe yield greater profit and GHG reduction
Energy Matrix
10.76 GWh
9.27 GWh
727% 67.4 GWh -58 GWh
Energy Matrix: Mission Net Zero Between Sites