PROMINENCE
2.1 LEADERSHIP THEORIES
01
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Students will get familiar with various approaches to leadership: from focus on the leadership personality through emphasis on the dynamics of the leader-followers relationship to a multilayered approach taking into account various context factors
02 Learning outcomes
Students will be aware of some interrelations between culture and leadership and implications for theoretical analyses and practice in a global context
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Students will understand how in the process of globalization the focus in leadership studies has shifted towards national level leadership studies as well as global leadership competences identification
Students will increase selfawareness of their own culture profile in the framework of selected cross-cultural leadership theories
LEADERSHIP FRAMEWORK
TRADITIONAL LEADERSHIP THEORIES Focus on the leader-goal:
Behavioural theories: how to motivate followers in pursuit of a goal
Focus on the leader– follower relations Leadership styles related to the quality of the relations: power wielding, transactional, transformational Followership
Focus on the context of leader–followers Focus on the leader: Leader Traits
1880s - 1920s
Situational leadership; contingency theories
1930s - 1950s
1960s
1970 - 1980s
Emphasis on culture norms/value Globalization Comparative leadership studies Global competencies
1990s - present
MODERN LEADERSHIP THEORIES Revisiting the framework/ focus on all components, taking into account the dynamics of the interaction and the ongoing global changes Transactional and participative global leadership Transformational global leadership Crisis and global leadership
Focus on the leader’s individual culture and the required global skills set in a very dynamic context and culturally diverse teams Developing a new global mindset
QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION 1. Which theories infer that leaders are born not made and vice versa? 2. What are the differences between transactional and transformational leadership? 3. What advantages do contingency theories and situational theories offer over earlier theories? 4. Can country specific culture dimensions serve as predictors of leadership styles? If yes, give examples. 5. How have leadership studies benefited from intercultural studies and intercultural business communication studies?
QUESTIONS FOR REFLECTION
1. Which traits, skills and competences make a good leader in your opinion? 2. What is the rationale for the rise of global leadership as a separate field of study?
ASSIGNMENT 1 Using the Culture Groups section of GLOBE tool, identify the prevalent leadership styles of a chosen country or country cluster, e.g. Eastern Europe: https://globeproject.com/results 1/ Analyse cultural practices and values in the respective country/cluster 2/ Identify leadership scores for outstanding leadership 3/ Compare the results with the scores for another country/cluster 4/ Discuss the implications in small groups
ASSIGNMENT 2 Using CrossCulture platform (based on R. Lewis LMR model) and its tools (https://www.crossculture.com/the-lewis-modeldimensions-of-behaviour/), 1/ Identify your individual cultural profile 2/ Analyse your national culture profile 3/ Share your findings with other students 4/ Discuss the results and the implications in small groups
AUTHORS DETAILS Diana Miteva, University of Economics, Varna, e-mail: diana_miteva@ue-varna.bg
Kristana Ivanova, University of Economics, Varna, e-mail: kristana_ivanova@ue-varna.bg
Petar Petrov, University of Economics, Varna, e-mail: p.k.petrov@ue-varna.bg