അന്തർധാര / ജൂലായ് 2021 by Promise

Pq-em-bv 2021

aebmfØnse GI tkmjyenÃv amknI

temlym hnNmcthZn {]kn≤oIcWw

FUnt‰mdnb¬ t_m¿Uv AUz. Fkv. cmPtiJc≥ (sNb¿am≥)

tUm. sI. {ioIpam¿ C.sI. {io\nhmk≥ AUz. ]n. cPn\m¿°v sI. cm-Po-hv-Ip-am¿ C.sI. Znt\i≥ ]n.sI. cmP≥ Sn.]n. {io[c≥ hnPbcmLh≥ tNenb FUn‰¿ hnPbcmLh≥ tNenb vr.cheliya@gmail.com Ih¿ Unssk≥ & te Hu´v Fw at\mlc≥ B∏nƒ tSm°v Un Sn ]n : eo\ \mcmbW≥

_‘ßƒ°v C sI {io\nhmk≥ (temlym hnNmcthZn kwÿm\ kanXn)

tIihw tNenb t]mÃv sImbnem≠n˛673306 Ph: 9446068843 sreenikesavam@gmail.com

F-Un-t‰m-dn-b¬ cm-Pyw H-cp X-S-h-d-bm-Ip-tºmƒ tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Iƒ F-¥m-Wv sN-øp-∂X - v? P-\m-[n-]X - y-hpw X-Xv° - m-eØ - n¬ Po-hn-°p-∂ P-\-X-bpw I¬∏-‰ \m-cm-b-W≥I-en-Im-ew I¬∏-‰ \m-cm-b-W≥-

4 8

I-cp-Øn-s‚ an-Øpw P-\m-[n-]X - y-Øn-s‚ bm-Ym¿-∞y-ßf- pw ]n.-sI.-K-tW-i≥-

A-Sn-b¥ - c- m-hÿ - b - n¬ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv sN-bv-X-sX-¥v? A-Uz. hn-t\m-Zv ]-ø-S-

kn-≤e - nw-Kø - : I-hn-X ]-S-hm-fm-°n-b I-hn tUm.-sI.-{io-Ip-am¿

Du-cp tI-cn B-ﬂ-I-Y /kn-≤-enw-K-ø

Im-º-bn≥: F≥tUmkƒ^m≥ A-Ω-am-cp-sS \n-e-hn-fn \n-e-bv-°p-∂n-√ k-Po-hv sI F-kv

tI-c-f-Øn¬ A-Xn-Z-cn-{Z¿ G-sd-bp-≠-t{X! A-t∏mƒ tI-cf- m-tam-U¬? C.-sI.- Zn-t\-i≥

e-£-Zzo-]n-s‚ ]-®-∏n¬ Im-hn-\n-g¬ ]-Xn-bp-tºmƒ F≥.hn. _m-e-Ir-jv-W≥ Im-º-bn≥: tZiob I¿jI kacw ho-≠pw hn-fn-°mw P-bv In-km≥ {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂ te-J-\-ßƒ ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw A-¥¿-[m-cb - p-sS A-`n-{]m-bß - f - m-IW - s - a-∂n-√.˛-FU - n-‰¿

temlym kwÿm\ kanXn°v th≠n {]knU‚ v AUz. Fkv.cmPtiJc≥ A¥¿[m-hnNmcthZn c ({io \ntIX≥, NnddmewtImSv, IpS∏\°p∂v.]n.H., Xncph\¥]pcw, 695043) A®Sn®p {]kn≤oIcn°p∂Xv. t^m¨: 9447034808

F-Un-t‰m-dn-b¬

cm-Pyw H-cp X-S-h-d-bm-Ip-tºmƒ tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Iƒ F-¥m-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv ? `c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚ H-Øm-i-tbm-sS Ãm≥ kzman-sb P-bn-enen-´p sIm-∂n-´v Zn-h-k-ß-f-[n-I-am-bnń-√. C-Xv \-S-°p-∂-Xv P-\m-[n-]-Xy a-tX-X-c tkmjy-en-Ãv F-s∂m-s° s]m-en-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø H-cp ]-cam-[n-Im-c dn-∏ª - n-°n-em-Wv. A-Xn-\p-a∏ - p-dw hy-‡nbp-sS A-¥- n-s\ a-s‰-¥n-t\-°m-fpw hn-e-a-Xn-® H-cp a-lm-s\ cm-{„-]n-Xm-hm-bn sIm-≠m-Sp-∂ cmPy-Øn-em-Wv. F-∂n-´pw \-K-c-ho-Yn-Iƒ iv-a-im-\ Xp-eyw \n-»-–-am-bn hn-d-ß-en-®p \n¬-°p-∂p. Zm-cm jp-t°m-hn-s\ N-ß-e-°n-´v, N-Ø \mb-sb-t]m-se sX-cp-hn-eq-sS h-en-®p-sIm-≠p t]mIp-tºmƒ t]-Sn sIm-≠v an-≠m-sX t\m-°n \n-∂ Bƒ-°q-´-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ \n-∂p B-tcm H-cmƒ Im¿°n-®pXp-∏n-b-Xn-s\ Ip-dn-®v tem-ly F-gp-Xn-bn-´p≠v. D-∂-X-am-b am-\-hn-I-X-tb-bm-Wv, _-lp-kz-cX-bp-sS kw-kv-Im-c-sØ-bm-Wv {]m-Ir-X-\pw a-Xm‘-\p-am-b Hu-dw-K-ko-_v sX-cp-hn-eq-sS h-en-®n-g®-Xv. cm-P-`-c-W-sØ kw-_-‘n-®v A-Xn-s‚ \n-e\n¬-∏p-X-s∂ `-b-Øn-em-Wv sI-ń-∏-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. F-∂n-´pw Im¿-°n-®p Xp-∏m≥ H-cp a-\p-jy-\p≠m-bn. Ãm≥ kzm-an-sb sIm-∂-Xv P-\m-[n-]-Xy kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn-®v A-[n-Im-c-Øn-se-Ønb H-cp `-c-W Iq-S-am-Wv. ta¬-°p-ta¬ tIm-S-Xn-Ifpw, a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-hpw ]u-cm-h-Im-i-hpw kw-c£n-°m-\p-≈ `-cW - L - S- \ - m ÿm-]\ - ß - f - pw, am-[ya-∏S- I - f - pw... F-s¥m-cp [m-cm-fn-Øa - m-Wv! F-∂n-´pw Im¿-°n-®p Xp-∏p-∂-Xp t]m-bn-´v \n-d-I-tÆm-sS H∂p t\m-°n-b-Xp t]m-ep-an-√ . 84 h-b - m-bn-cp-∂p B a-\p-jy-\v. F-√pw tXmepw am-{X-am-b Zp¿-_-e i-co-cw. H-cp •m- v sh≈w ssI sIm-≠v D-b¿-Øn Np-t≠m-S-Sp-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bm-Ø hn-[w tcm-K-_m-[n-X-\m-b H-cp ]m-hw hr-≤≥. lr-Z-b-Øn¬ tb-ip-hn-s‚ I-søm-∏p ]Xn-™p t]m-bX - n-\m¬ A-\o-Xn-tbm-Sv s]m-dp-°m≥ X-øm-dm-hm-Ø H-cp a-\- m-£n D-≠m-bn-t∏m-b-XmWv B a-\p-jy-s\ a-c-W-Øn-te-°v h-en-s®-dn-™Xv. cm-Py-Øn-s‚ kzm-X-{¥y k-a-c-sØt]m-epw H‰p-sIm-Sp-Øv {_n-ó-jv km-{am-Py-Øn-\p ap-∂n¬ am∏n-c-∂-h-cp-sS ]n≥-ap-d-°m¿-°v B A-¥- m¿-∂ \n-e-]m-Sn-s‚ A¿-∞w a-\- n-em-hn-√. A-h¿ Ir{Xn-a-am-bn Un-Pn-‰¬ sX-fn-hp-I-fp-≠m-°pw; F-Xncn-s\ \n-i-–-am-°pw. Ãm≥ kzm-an-sb Xm-c-X-ayw sN-øm-hp-∂-Xv kvt\-l-e-Xm sd-Õn-tbm-Sm-Wv. A-h-cpw k-l-Po-hnI-fp-sS th-Z-\-bn¬ I-c-™n-cp-∂p. \o-Xn-tbm-Sv

tN¿-∂v \n-∂ X-s‚ \n-e-]m-Sm-Wv B {]-Xn-`-sb I¬-Øp-dp-¶n-e-S-°m≥ Im-c-W-am-bXv. P-bn-en-\p≈n-epw k-l-X-S-hp-Im-cm-b kv-{Xo-I-tfm-Sv A-]-acym-Zb - m-bn s]-cp-am-dp-∂X - pw ]o-Un-∏n-°p-∂X - pw I≠p \n¬-°m≥ A-h¿-°m-bn-√. A-]-am-\n-X-cm-Ip∂ kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°p th-≠n k-Xym-{K-l k-a-c-Ønte¿-s∏-´ B tkm-jy-en-Ãn-s\ I-Sp-Ø izm-ktIm-i tcm-Kw X-f¿-Øn. P-bn-en¬ InS∂v a-cn-®p t]m-Ip-sa-∂v `-b-∂ `-c-W-Iq-Sw A-h-sc tam-Nn-∏n®p. Ãm≥ kzm-an-bp-sS Im-cy-Øn¬ A-Xp-t]m-epw D-≠m-bn-√. X-ßƒ-°v \o-Xn e-`n-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw , `-c-WL-S-\m ÿm-]-\-ßƒ \o-Xn sN-øp-I-bn-s√-∂pw h-cp-tºmƒ P-\-ßƒ A-{I-a-Øn-te-°p \o-ßpw. Ãm≥ kzm-an-sb t]m-ep-≈-h-cm-Wv A-h-sc lnwk-sN-øp-∂-Xn¬ \n-∂pw X-S-™p \n¿-Øp-∂-Xv. A-Xp Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ D-b¿-∂ am-\-hn-I-X-bp-≠m-hWw. _p-≤-\pw Km-‘n-bpw ]-I¿-∂p X-∂ A-lnwk-bp-tS-bpw am-\-hn-I-X-bp-tS-bpw kv-t\-l-Øn-t‚bpw A¿-Yw Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-\p-≈ hn-th-Iw D-≠m-IWw. A-sXm-∂p-an-√m-Ø {In-an-\e - p-If - m-b a-Xm-‘cpw cm-{„o-bm-‘-cp-am-b `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ \m-Sp`-cn-°p-tºmƒ k-aq-lw A-cm-P-I-hpw A-{I-am-k‡-hp-am-Ip-∂-Xv kzm-`m-hn-I-am-Wv. cm-Py-Øp-S-\of-hpw, \n¿-`m-Ky-h-im¬ \-Ωp-sS kw-ÿm-\-Øpw Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ A-\p-Zn-\w h¿-≤n-®p h-cp-∂-Xv AXn-s‚ sX-fn-hm-Wv. {]-Xo-£ Ãm≥ kzm-an-am-cnem-bn-cp-∂p. A-XpIq-sS sI-Sp-Øn k-ºq¿-W-ambn C-cp-´p ]-c-Øm-\m-Wv `-c-W-Iq-S-ß-fp-sS {i-aw. C-¥y-bn-se P-bn-ep-Iƒ Ãm≥ kzm-an-am-sc sIm≠v \n-db - p-Ib - m-Wv. hn-tbm-Pn-°p-∂h - ¿-°v I¬-Øpdp-¶p-I-fpw `-‡¿-°v A-c-a-\-bp-sa-∂ A-d-∏p-f-hm°p-∂ A-«o-ew. UAPA, - A-e≥ Xm-l hn-j-bßƒ A-[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚ G-I `m-j \-sΩ \n-c-¥cw Hm¿-Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. `-b-Øn-s‚ I-® h-en-®p am-‰n P-\m-[n-]-Xy hmZn-Iƒ \o-Xn-°p-th-≠n cw-K-Øn-d-ßn-bn-s√-¶n¬ Cu cm-Py-Øv tNm-c-∏p-g-sbm-gp-Ipw, I-_-‘-ßƒ \n-d-bpw. tNm-c-a-W-Øp h-cp-∂ sN-∂m-bv-°ƒ-°v B-h-iy-hpw A-Xm-W-t√m. tkm-jy-en-Ãp-I-tf, CXv A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ-tb-°mƒ `-bm-\-I-am-Wv . DW-cp-I, "\n-ß-fp-sS H-cp I-Æv A-\o-Xn-s°-Xn-scbp-≈ tcm-j-Øm¬ I-Øn-Pz-en-°-s´, a-dp I-Æv \o-Xn \n-tj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂, Zp:Jn-°p-∂ k-l-Pohn-It- fm-Sp-≈ A-\p-Xm-]Ø - m¬ I-Æo-cW - n-bs´.'

A¥¿[m-c

P-\m-[n-]X - y-hpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-th-Zn kw-L-Sn-∏n-® _n-a¬ kvamcI {]-`m-j-Ww

I¬∏--‰ \m-cm-b-W≥-

{Ko-kn-em-bn-cp-∂p P-\m-[n]-Xyw B-cw-`n-®-Xv F-∂v \nßƒ-°v A-dn-bmw. A-Xn-\v Nne ]-cn-an-Xn-I-fpw D-≠m-bn-cp∂p. kv - { Xo- I ƒ- ° pw A- S n- a Iƒ-°pw thm-´-h-Im-iw D-≠mbn-cp-∂n-√. tkm-{I-ó-kn-s‚ {Ko-kv, kw-i-bn-°m-Ø Po-hnX-ßƒ Po-hn-Xm¿-l-ß-f-√ F∂p ]-d™ n-cp-∂ tkm-{I-ó-kv. A-Xp-t]m-se tπ-t‰m, `-c-Wt\-Xm-hv X-Xz-Nn-¥-I-\m-I-Ww F-∂p ]-d-™ tπ-t‰m H-s°bp-≈ \m-ń¬ C-ß-s\ F-ßs\ D-≠m-bn? A-Xn-\v h-√ XXz-Nn-¥m-]-c-am-b hn-i-Zo-I-cW-hpw B-h-iy-am-tWm F-∂v B-tem-Nn-®p. A-ß-s\ Btem-Nn-°p-tºmƒ a-\- n-em-hp∂-Xv kv-{Xo-bv-°pw A-Sn-a-bv°pw A-∂v hn-Zym-`ym-k-Øn-\p-

A¥¿[m-c

X-X° -v m-eØ - n¬ Po-hn-°p-∂

P-\X - b - pw ≈ A-h-k-cw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv. tem-I-sØ G-‰hpw sUm-a-Ãn-t°-‰-Um-b Poh-Pm-ew B-cm-sW-∂v tNm-Zn®m¬ A-Xv kv-{Xo-tbm, A-Sna-tbm B-Wv. A-h¿-°v H-cp hn[-Øn-ep-≈ hn-Zym-`ym-k-hpw \¬-In-bn-cp-∂n-√. A-Xp-sIm≠v A-h¿-°v A-h-sc {]-Xn-\n[o-I-cn-°m-t\m a-‰p-≈-h-sc {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°m-t\m D-≈ kzmX-{¥y-tam A-[n-Im-c-tam Ah-Im-i-tam D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. hf-sc k-c-f-am-bn tb-ip-{In-kvXp C-Xp ]-db - p-∂p, A-h\ - h - ≥ sN-bv-X-Xv F-¥m-Wv F-∂v Adn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø H-cm-fp-sS sNbv-Xn-Iƒ-°v A-bm-ƒ-°v H-cp DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-hpw C-√, "A-h≥ F-¥p sN-bv-Xp F-∂v A-h-\v A-dn-™p-Iq-Sm' F-∂v {In-kvXp h- f - s c k- c - f - a m- b n ]- d -

™p. C-ß-s\ A-h-\-h-s‚ {]-hr-Øn-bn¬ D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xzw h- l n- ° m- \ p- ≈ H- c p kzm- X {¥yw, H-cp C-— C-√m-Ø-XpsIm-≠p X-s∂ kv-{Xo-tbm ASn-a-tbm A-∂-Xn-\p A¿-l-cmbn-cp-∂n-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv Im-cWw. Cu A¿- l - X A- s √¶n¬ Cu A-\¿-l-X kq-£va-am-bn ]-e-cn-epw \n-e-\n¿-Øns°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂n-t√ P-\m-[n]-Xyw F-∂X - m-Wv A-Sp-Ø {][m-\-s∏-´ tNm-Zyw. \-Ωƒ C-¥y F-∂ h-enb P-\m-[n-]-Xy cm-Py-Øn-te°v h-cn-I. A-hn-sS Xm≥ sNøp-∂-Xv F-¥m-Wv F-∂v A-dnbp-∂ thm-´-dm-bn-cp-∂p thm-´p sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ tam-Zn A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h-cp-am-bn-cpt∂m? _o-lm-dn-te-bpw Kp-Pd - mØn- t e- b pw cm- P - ÿ m- \ n- t ebpw D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-in-te-bpw Hs° \n-c-£-c-cm-b Z-cn-{Z-cm-b A-Sn-a-I-tf-°m-fpw A-Sn-a-I-fmb a-\p-jy¿ thm-´p sN-bv-X-XpsIm-≠m-Wv A-h¿ A-[n-Im-cØn¬ h-∂-Xv. A-h¿-°v ssI°q-en sIm-Sp-Øv a-\- p-am‰m≥ F-fp-∏-am-Wv. hm-Kv-Zm-\ß-fn¬ hn-iz-kn-°pw, C-Xm C¥y h-en-b bp-≤w t\-cn-Sm≥ t]m-hp-∂p, \-ap-t° A-Xn-s\ {]-Xn-tcm-[n-°m-\m-hq F-∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ A-h-cp-sS cm-Py-kv-

t\-lw h¿-≤n-°pw. C-ß-s\ h-f-sc F-fp-∏-Øn¬ ssI-Imcyw sN-øm-hp-∂ Cu \n-c-£c-cm-b hn-Zym-`ym-ka - n-√m-Ø Bfp-Iƒ-°v thm-´v A-\p-h-Zn-®-XpsIm-≠m-Wv hm-kv-X-h-Øn¬ tam-Zn-sb t]m-sem-cmƒ A-[nIm-c-Øn¬ h-cp-∂-Xv. Unto This Last F-∂ kn≤m-¥w k¿-thm-Z-bw B-°n hn-h¿-Ø\ - w sN-bvX - a-lm-ﬂmKm-‘n \-Ω-tfm-Sv ]-d-bp-∂p≠v, A-h-km-\-sØ a-\p-jy\pw tam-Nn-X-\m-hp-tºmƒ am{X- t a `m- c - X - Ø n- \ v kzm- X {¥yw D- ≠ m- h p- I - b p- ≈ q. all inclusive (F-√m-h-tc-bpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xm-b) B-b `m-cX-sØ B-{K-ln-°p-∂p F-∂v. B a-lm-ﬂm-hn-s\ sh-Sn-sh®p sIm-∂n-´v D-≠m-°n-b am¿K-Øn-eq-sS-bm-Wv Cu B-fpIƒ `-c-W-Øn¬ F-Øp-∂-Xv F-∂v hn-kv-a-cn-°m≥ ]m-Sn-√. A-tXm¿-Øn-cp-∂m¬ H-cp P-\X, A-h-cp-sS cm-jv-{S-]n-Xm-hns\ h-[n-® H-cp P-\X - b - ° v- v Cu hn-[Ø - n-ep-≈ A-[n-Im-cw \¬Ip-am-bn-cp-t∂m? A-h¿ sN-bvX-Xv F-s¥-∂v A-h¿-°v Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Kp-P-dm-Øv I-em-]w D-≠m-°n-b-Xv A-h-cpsS I¨-ap-∂n-em-Wv, A-Xv Ah-cp-sS I-Æn-tem Im-Xn-tem F-Øn-tbm? I¿-jI¿ C-∂v I-em-]w sN-øp-∂p. `-c-W-Iq-Sw e-h-teiw {i-≤n-°m-sX A-Xn-s\ ASn-®-a¿-Øm≥ {i-an-°p-∂p. B I¿-j-I¿ C-Xp-t]m-sem-cp I¿j-I I-em-]w th-≠n-hc - p-sa-∂v I-cp-Xn-bn-´m-tWm thm-´v sN-bvXv Cu tam-Zn-sb A-[n-Im-cØn¬ sIm-≠p h-∂-Xv. kv-{Xo-Iƒ, kv-{Xo-hn-cp-≤am-b H-cp `-c-Ww h-cm≥ t]mIp-∂p F-∂v A-dn-™p-sIm-≠v thm-´p sN-bv-Xn-´m-tWm C-Xv kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. Z-en-X¿, Z-enX¿-°p hn-cp-≤-am-bn, ap-…o-

ßƒ A-h¿-°p hn-cp-≤a - m-b cmPyw h-cp-sa-∂v I-≠X - p-sIm-≠v Pm-{K-X-tbm-sS-bm-tWm thm-´p sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-Xv? A-√, A-h¿ sN-øp-∂-Xv F-s¥-∂v A-h-ch¿-°v A-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø Bfp- I ƒ thm- ´ psN- b v - X - X n- s ‚ ^-e-am-bn-´m-Wv tam-Zn `-c-WØn¬ h-∂-Xv F-∂-Xv hn-kv-acn-°m≥ ]m-Sn-√. F-fp-∏-am-Wv \-Ωp-sS \m-ń¬ H-cp P-\-X-bpsS a-t\m-`m-h-sØ am-‰n-sb-Sp°m≥. bp-≤w-t]m-se H-∂v \Ωp- s S ]- › m- Ø - e - Ø n¬ Ds≠-∂v "Iq-sS-°q-sS' Hm¿-Ωn∏n-®m¬ am-{Xw a-Xn. A-ß-s\ Hm¿-Ωn-∏n-®m¬ a-Xn-bm-hp-∂ Hcp \m-ń¬ hn-tbm-Pn-°p-∂-h¿s°m-s° P-bn-epw tbm-Pn-°p∂-h¿-°v am-{Xw cm-Py-hpw F∂ H-cp cm-Pyw h-c-W-sa-∂v Icp-Xn-bn-´m-hp-tam A-h¿ thm-´p sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠m-hp-I. A-√, C∂v kw-`-hn-®-sXm-s° kw-`-hn°pw F- ∂ A- d n- h v A- h ¿°km-[y-am-bn-cp-∂p. B¿Fkv-F- n-s‚ X-Xz-im-kv-{Xw AXm-Wv F-∂v A-h¿-°v A-dn-tb≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. F-¥p sN-øp∂p F-∂v A-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø H-cp P-\-X-bp-sS thm-ń-ßn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ A-h¿ A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h-∂p. C-\n \-ap-°v tI-c-f-Øn-te°v h-cmw. km-£-c-tI-c-fw F∂-t√ \-Ωp-sS A-`n-am-\w. kn.-

sP.- tXm-a-kv I-fn-bm-°n ]-dbp-∂p-≠v. "\n-c-£-c-\m-b km£-c-\m-Wv a-e-bm-fn' F-∂v. A-sX-t¥m B-h-s´, `m-c-XsØ A-t]-£n-®v \n-›-b-ambpw \-ap-°v Nn-e sa-®-ß-fp≠v. A-hn-sS tIm¿-∏-td-‰p-I-fmWv \n-b-{¥-W-Øn¬ F-¶n¬ tIm¿-]-td-‰p-I-fp-sS \n-b-{¥W-Øn-em-Wv `-c-Ww F-¶n¬, C-hn-sS ÿm-]n-X Xm-ev-]-cyß-fp-sS-bpw thm-´-dp-sS Nm-©eyap-≈ a-\- n-s\ D-]-tbm-Ks∏-Sp-Øn-bm-Wv G-Xv ap-∂-Wnbpw A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h-cp-∂Xv F-∂-Xm-Wv h-kv-Xp-X. F¥m thm-´d - p-sS Cu Nm-©e - yw F-∂v tNm-Zn-®m¬ "H-cp Xm-cI-sb Im-Wp-tºmƒ A-Xv cmhv a-d° - pw. ]m¬-®n-cn I-≠m¬ ar-Xn-sb a-d-°pw. ]m-hw am-\h-lr-Z-bw.' A-tX ]m-hw am\-h-lr-Z-b-am-Wv, cm-jv-{So-b-ambn-´p-≈ H-cp C-—m-i-‡n-bn-√ kq-£v-a-am-b A¿-∞-Øn¬ \Ωp-sS P-\-X-bv-°v. A-Xp-sIm≠v C-e-Iv-j≥ \-S-°p-∂ B H-cp am-k-sØ t£-a {]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ a-Xn H-cp ]m¿-´n-°v, H-cp ap-∂-Wn-°v A-[n-Im-c-Ønse-Øm≥. In-‰v sIm-Sp-Øm¬ a-Xn. A-sXm-s° s]≥-j≥ h¿-≤n-∏n-®m¬ a-Xn, A-h¿ \S-∂p-h-cp-∂ tdm-Uv X-te-∂v Smdn-´p sIm-Sp-Øm¬ a-Xn, AsXm-s° sIm-≠v a-s‰m-cp {]-

A¥¿[m-c

Xy-b-im-kv-{X-hpw C-hn-sS ^en-°m≥ t]m-hp-∂n-√ X¬-°mew. Cu B-fp-I-sfm-s°, hen-b D-]-t`m-K-X-ev-]-cm-b-XpsIm-≠v, C-sXm-s° t`m-Kw sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠v thm-´p sImSp-°pw. A-Xm-Wv \-Ωp-sS cmjv-{So-b-am-b D-d-∏v F-∂v ]-dbp-∂-Xv. A-Xp-sIm-≠v A-Xß-s\ a-s‰m-cp ÿ-e-Øv a-dn™p-h-cp-∂-Xv \n-ßƒ-°v ImWmw, \n-ßƒ I-≠n-´p-ap-≠v. hm- k v - X - h - Ø n¬ F- ¥ mWv Cu ÿm-]n-X Xm-ev-]-cyw F-∂p ]-d-™m¬? \-Ωp-sS k-aq-l-sØ \n-b-{¥n-®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂ ]-e i-‡n-I-fp≠v. ]-≈n-I-fp-≠v, t£-{X-ßfp-≠v, F-kv.-F≥.-Un.]n D-≠v, F≥.- F - k v . - F - k v D- ≠ v . Cu kw-L-S-\-I-sf-√mw X-s∂-bmWv, A-h-cp-sS C-—-bp-am-Wv ÿm-]n-X Xm-ev-]-cyw F-∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. C-h-sc ]n-W-°m≥ \-Ω-fp-sS aq-∂p ap-∂-Wn-Iƒ°pw H-cp-hn-[ ss[-cy-hpw C√ F-∂p am-{X-a-√, \n-ßƒ-°sXm-s° sN-bv-Xp X-∂n-´pw \nßƒ R-ßƒ-°v thm-´p X-∂n√-t√m F-∂v ]n-∂o-Sv ]-cn-`-hn°p-∂-h-cm-Wv \-Ωp-sS ap-∂Wn-Iƒ. A-Xp-sIm-≠v ap-t∂m°-°m¿-°v kw-h-c-Ww sIm-Sp°m≥ h-sc \-Ωƒ X-øm-dm-hp∂p. Im-c-W-sa-¥m-Wv? Cu ÿm-]n-X Xm-ev-]-cy-sØ kwc-£n-°p-I F-∂-Xm-Wv {]-[m\w. A-Xn-\v A-en-Jn-X-am-b {]I-S-\-]-{Xn-I \mw ]p-d-Øn-d°pw, A-\u-]-Nm-cn-I-am-b {]I-S-\-]-{Xn-I ]p-d-Øn-d-°pw. \n-ßƒ-t°-Xm-Wv Xm-ev-]-cyw. h-\w sIm-≈-bm-tWm? Izm-dnIƒ? F-s¥-¥v Xm-ev-]-cyw AsXm-s° km-[n-∏n-®p X-cm-sa∂m-Wv Cu A-\u-]-Nm-cn-I-amb {]-I-S-\-]-{Xn-I-bn¬ ]-d-bp∂-Xv. {]-I-S-\-Øn¬ F-ß-s\bm-sW-∂p ]-d-™m¬, H-cp _n-j-∏v I-\ym-kv-{Xo-sb _-

A¥¿[m-c

em¬-kw-Kw sN-bv-Xm¬ Rßƒ _n-j-∏n-t\m-sSm-∏-am-Wv. aq-∂v ]m¿-ń-I-fpw aq-∂p ap-∂Wn-I-fpw A-ß-s\-bm-Wv. \Ω-f-Xv I-≠-Xm-Wv. F-d-Wm-Ipf-sØ k-a-c-Øn¬, H-cp cm-jv{So-b-°m-cpw B h-gn-°v h-∂n√, H-‰ Xn-cn-™v Nn-e-cp h-∂ncp-∂p F-∂-sXm-gn-®m¬ \o-Xn]q¿-W-am-b i-cn-°pw B-h-iyam-b, F-∂m¬ B-fp-I-fp-sS ]n≥-_-ew th-≠-{X C-√m-Ø, sN-ßd - k-ac - Ø - n-em-bm-epw icn, πm-®n-a-S k-a-c-Øn-em-bmepw i-cn, F≥-tUm-kƒ-^m≥ k-a-c-Øn-em-bm-epw i-cn, BZn-hm-kn-I-fp-sS \n-ev-]v k-a-cØn-em-sW-¶n-epw i-cn A-h¿ ap-Jw Xn-cn-°p-I-tb-bp-≈q. GXm-\pw am-thm-bn-Ãp-I-sf shSn-sh-®p sIm-∂n-´v A-h¿-°m¿°p-an-√ a-\-km-£n-°p-Øv F∂-Xm-Wv k-Xyw. Cu hn-[Øn¬ Cu ap-∂-Wn-Iƒ, apJy-[m-cm cm-jv-{So-b-]m¿-ń-Iƒ, C-Ø-cw cm-jv-{So-b-Im-cy-ß-fnsem-∂pw C-S-s]-Sp-I-bn-√. a-dn®v ÿm-]n-X Xm-ev-]-cy-ßƒ, A-s√-¶n¬ t\-c-sØ ]-d-™ thm-t´-gv-kn-s\ G-Xp {]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G¿-s∏-´m-em-Wv B-I¿-jn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-I, hen-b kzm¿-∞-cm-Wv Cu thmt´-gv-kv. ]u-c-[¿-Ω-Øn-s‚ t]cn-sem-∂p-a√ - A-h¿ {]-h¿-Øn°p-∂-Xv. A-h¿-°v Xm-ev-°men-I em-`w X-s∂-bm-Wv {]-[m\- em-`w. A-ß-s\-bp-≈ thmt´-gv-kpw A-Xp-t]m-se-bp-≈ ÿm-]n-X Xm-ev] - c - y-ßf - p-am-Wv Cu `-c-W-Iq-S-ß-sf tI-c-fØn¬ \n-›-b-am-bpw \n-›-bn®p sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A-htcm-Sv tNm-Zn-®m-Wv ÿm-\m¿∞n-I-sf \n¿-Øp-I, a-{¥-n-amsc-bm-°p-I, Cu ho-Xw-sh-s∏√mw F-√m k-a-b-Øpw Ir-Xyam-bn \-S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ \m-ń¬ F-¥p P-\m-[n-]-Xy-amWv D-≈-Xv F-∂v \n-ßƒ kw-

i-bn-°mw. A-Xp-sIm-≠v tIc-f-Øn¬ cm-jv-{So-b-]m¿-ń-I-fpsS A-`n-{]m-bw H-‰ A-`n-{]mb-am-Wv, H-cp hn-tbm-Pn-∏p-an-√. A-IØ - v hn-tbm-Pn-∏n-√m-Øh - ¿°v ]p-d-sØ hn-tbm-Pn-∏p-I-sf Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m-t\m a-\- n-em°m-t\m km-[y-a-√. H-cm-f-√ H-cp ]m¿-ń. A-ßs\-bm-bn-°q-Sm tIm¨-{K- mbm-epw I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãm-bm-epw ap-…ow-eo-Km-bm-epw. hy-Xy-kvX-am-b ]-e X-c-°m-cm-b, ]-e A-`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-≈, G-X-\ymbw sN-bv-Xm-epw tNm-Zyw sNøp-∂ A-Wn-Iƒ C-√m-Ø Hcp ]m¿-ń-bn-epw P-\m-[n-]-Xyw D-≠v F-∂v \-ap-°v ]-d-bm≥ km-[y-a-√. B hn-[-Øn-ep-≈ P-\m-[n-]-Xyw C-t√-bn-√ \-ΩpsS cm-jv-{So-b ]m¿-ń-I-fn¬. tIm-hn-Uv-Im-e-Øv \-ΩpsS t£-{X-ß-sfm-s° A-S™p In-S-∂p. tI-c-f-Øn-se P\- ß ƒ H- c p `- ‡ - P - \ - X - b msW-∂m-Wv Rm≥ hn-iz-kn-°p∂-Xv. H-cp-]-Im-c-hpw ssZ-hØn-s\ sIm-≠v D-≠m-bn-ń-s√¶n-epw ssZ-hØ - n-s‚ A-Sp-tØ°v ]n-∂o-Sv, tIm-hn-Uv I-gn™m¬, D-≠m-hp-∂ P-\-{]-hml-sØ \n-ßƒ-°v k-¶-ev-]n°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√. A-{X-bn-c-ń B-fp-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw i-_-cn-a-ebn-epw Kp-cp-hm-bq-cn-epw F-Ønt®-cp-I. A-Xp-t]m-se X-s∂bm-Wv t\-Xm-hn-t\m-Sp-≈ `‡n-bpw. i-‡-\m-b t\-Xm-hv F-∂s - Xm-∂pw tI-cf - Ø - n¬ hnj-ba - m-bn-cp-∂n-√. C.-Fw.-F - ns\m-∂pw sh-√p-hn-fn-°m-\p-f-f ti-jn-sbm-∂pw im-co-cn-Ia - m-bn D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. A-t±-lw kwkv-Ir-X-Nn-Ø-\m-b H-cm-fm-bncp-∂p. C-t∏m-g-X-√, C-t∏mƒ {]-Xn-]-£ t\-Xm-hpw `-c-W-I£n t\-Xm-hp-sam-s°, i-co-cw sIm-≠p sh-√p-hn-fn-°p-I-bmWv. {]m-Ir-X P-\-hn-`m-K-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬-t]m-epw C-ß-s\ i-

co-cw sIm-≠p sh-√p-hn-fn-°p∂ t\-Xm-°ƒ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ F- ∂ v \mw Hm¿- ° - W w. Rm≥ ]- d - ™ t£- { X- Ø ns‚ a-s‰m-cp {]-iv-\w, Zm-cn-{ZyØn- s ‚ s\- √ n- ] - S n Im- W pw \mw k- a o- ] - ` m- h n- b n¬. F∂m¬ A-t∏mƒ t]m-epw H-cp \n-e-h-d-bpw \mw Xp-d-°n-√, t£-{X-ßf - p-sS. A-Xv a-Xn Cu \m-Sn-\v X¬-°m-e-tØ-s°-¶nepw A-Xn-Po-hn-°m≥. ]-s£ A-Xp sN-øp-I-bn-√. ssZ-h-ßsf-tbm ssZ-h-ß-fp-sS kw-c£-I-sc-tbm ÿm-]n-X Xm-ev]-cy-°m-sc-tbm `-b-∂v H-cp am‰-hpw Iq-Sm-sX A-\m-h-iy-amb Cu I-cp-Xn-sh-bv-°¬ \Ωƒ Xp-S-cpw. A-Xm-Wv \-ΩpsS P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ a-s‰mcp D-d-∏v. Xp-S-°-Øn¬ kv-{Xo-I-sf°p-dn-®pw A-Sn-a-I-sf-°p-dn-®pam-W-t√m ]-d-™-Xv. tI-c-fØn-em-sW-¶n¬ Xm-a-kn-bmsX D-tZym-K-Øn-sem-s° Iq-SpX¬ `q-cn-]-£w kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°mbn-cn-°pw. F-√m A-[ym-]I - ∑ - mcpw A-[ym-]n-I-am-cm-bn I-gn™p. tI-c-f-Øn¬ F-∂n-´pw A-h¿-°v F-{X {]m-Xn-\n-[y-amWp-≈-Xv? ]m-Xn-bn-e-[n-Iw P\-ß-fm-bn-´pw ]-Øp i-X-am-\w {]m-Xn-\n-[yw `-c-W-Øn¬ Ah¿-°v sIm-Sp-°m≥ \-Ωp-sS Hcp ap-∂-Wn-°pw C-Xp-h-sc km[n-®n-´n-√. a-s‰m-cp Im-cy-hp-ap≠v. C-\n-bm-sc-¶n-epw {]-Xn-\n[n-bm-bn sX-c-s™-Sp-sØ-∂v I-cp-Xq, A-h¿ ap-…ow-eo-Kv-Imcn-sb-¶n¬ A-h-f-√, ]n-∂o-Sv A-hƒ ap-…ow-Kp-Im-c-\m-Wv, am¿-Iv-kn-Ãp-Im-cn-sb-¶n¬ Ah-f-√, ]n-∂o-Sv A-hƒ am¿-Ivkn-Ãp-Im-c\ - m-Wv. A-ßs - \-bmWv tIm¨- { K- pw. tPm- k ss^-\m-Wv G-Xp kv-{Xo-bpw F- ∂ m- W v , G- X v cm- j v - { So- b ]m¿-´n-bm-sW-¶n-epw A-ß-s\ ]-cp-j-am-bn, ]p-cp-j-am-bn \n-

e- ] m- s S- S p- ° p- ∂ B- f m- b n- c n°pw A-h¿. A-h¿ ]-d-bpw Rß-fp-sS ]m¿-ń-°p-≠v tIm-SX - n, t]m-eo-kv, ]n-s∂ \n-ß-sf Rß-sf-¥n-\v B-{i-bn-°-Ww? R-ß-fp-sS Iq-sS \n-∂m¬, tI-c-f-Øn¬ H-scm-‰ {]-Xy-bim-kv{- X-ta Im-cy-£a - a - m-bn \ne-hn-ep-≈q, A-Xv kz-P-\-]-£]m-Xw F-∂p ]-d-bp-∂ aq-∂p ap- ∂ - W n- I - f pw ]n- ¥ p- S - c p- ∂ Cu {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-am-Wv. \Ωp-sS `-c-Ww h-cpw A-∂v \ap-°v h-\w-sIm-≈ \-S-Ømw. \-Ωp-sS `-c-Ww h-cpw G-X-\ymb-hpw sN-ømw, A-∂v \n-ßƒ°v sXm-gn-ev X-cmw. A-Xn-\v XS- -an-√. \-Ωp-sS \m-ń-se Hcp hy-h-ÿ-bpw F-∂p-d-∏n-®p ]-d-™m-Wv F-√m-h-cpw A-hcp-sS `-c-W-Øn¬ kz-P-\-ßsf h¿-≤n-∏n-®p sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂-Xv. A-Xp-sIm-≠v kv-{Xo F∂ \n-e-bn-ep-f-f H-cp ]-cn-K-W\-bpw C-√. c-≠p-Im-cy-ßƒ kv-{Xo-Isf kw-_-‘n-®v-˛ H-∂v, A-hƒ°v {]m-Xn-\n-[y-an-√, A-hƒ {]Xn-\n-[n-bm-hp-∂ \n-an-jw Ahƒ A-h-f-√, ]n-s∂ cm-jv-{Sob ]m¿-ń C-—n-°p-∂ Np-a-X-e \-S-∏n¬ h-cp-Øp-∂ H-cmƒ BWv. B Bƒ H-∂pw sN-øm≥ ]-‰m-Ø H-cm-fm-Wv. C-Xp Xs∂-bm-Wv Z-fn-X-s‚ A-h-ÿbpw. Z-fn-X-\v {]m-Xn-\n-[yw C√. A-Y-hm {]m-Xn-\n-[yw Ds≠-¶n¬ A-bmƒ Z-fn-X-\-√, I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im-c≥ am-{X-am-Wv, ap-…ow eo-Kv am-{Xw. ap-…ow eoKn¬ ]-s≠m-cp cm-a-\p-≠m-bncp-∂p. A-Xp-t]m-se A-s√¶n¬ X-s‚ \yq-\-]-£-]-Z-hn A-Sn-bd - h - p-sh-® A-_Zv- p-≈° - pń-sb t]m-se A-ß-s\ A-Xph-sc A-h-cm-cm-bn-cp-t∂m, Fs¥-√mw k-¶-S-ß-fpw A-\p-`h-ß-fpw A-h¿-°p-≠m-bn-cpt∂m, A-sXm-s° aq-Sn-sh-®v ]m¿-ń sIm-Sp-Ø Cu ]p-Xn-b

D-Sp-∏v G-Xn-s\-sbm-s° {]-Xn\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p-thm A-Xn-s\ am-{Xw {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®m¬ aXn F-∂p ]-d-bp-∂ H-cp hy-hÿn-Xn. kv-{Xo-bv-°v, Z-fn-X-\v H-c-[n-Im-c-hpw C-√m-Ø hy-hÿn-Xn-bn¬ F-¥v P-\m-[n-]Xy-am-Wp-≠m-hp-I. kq-£v-a-ambn ]-d-™m¬ {Ko-kn¬ \n-ehn¬ h-∂-t∏mƒ Cu P-\m-[n]-Xy-Øn¬ D-≠m-b A-h-ÿ X- s ∂- b m- W v - ˛ C- ∂ v tI- c - f Øn¬ t]m-epw D-≈-Xv. kv-{Xo thm-´p sN-øp-∂n-√. A-hƒ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-tºm-gpw thm-´p-sN-øp-tºm-gpw A-h¿ A-h-tc-b-√. F-s¥m-s°-bm-sW-¶n-epw tI-c-f-Øn-\v ]-cn-an-X-am-b A[n-Im-c-ta-bp-≈q. A-Xp-sIm≠v A-h-sc H-cp ]-cn-[n-hn-´v ]cn-l-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ H-cp Im-cyhp-an-√. A-ß-s\-b-√-t√m C¥y F-∂ k¿-Δm-[n-]-Xy-am-bns°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂ Cu cm-Pyw. B cm-Py-sØ Ip-dn-®v F-gp-Xnbn-´p-≈ H-cp I-hn-X hm-bn-®psIm-≠v Rm≥ Cu {]-`m-jWw A-h-km-\n-∏n-°mw. `m-Kh-X-Øn¬ ]-d-bp-∂p-≠v, AsX ]p-cm-W-am-W-t√m A-Snÿm-\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv A-h¿°pw, I-en-Im-e-Øv [¿-Ωw H‰-°m-ep-≈ Im-f-bm-bn-´m-Wv A-h-X-cn-°p-I F-∂v. H-‰-°mep-≈ Im-f \n¬-°p-hm≥ F{X- a m- { Xw {]- b m- k - s ∏- S p- ∂ pthm, A-{X-am-{Xw [¿-Ωw {]bm-k-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. {]-bm-ks - ∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂, "P-Ãn-kn-\p' th-≠n tNm-Zyw tNm-Zn-°p-∂-h¿ P-bn-en¬ Ign-bp-∂ H-cp \m-´n¬ B-Wv Cu ]m- h w Im- f C- ß - s \ \n¬-°p-∂X - v. A-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v H-cp in-ev-]w \n¿-an-t°-≠-Xt√ \-Ωp-sS I-em-Im-c∑ - m¿, Ah-sc {]-tNm-Zn-∏n-°m≥ th-≠n Rm-\o I-hn-X hm-bn-°p-∂p. A¥¿[m-c

I¬∏--‰ \m-cm-b-W≥-

C-{μ-{]-ÿ-Øn-se a-lm-in-ev-]w ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn. s]-cp-h-gn-bn¬ \n-∂m¬-°m-Wn-√ h-gn-hn-´v \n-∂m-e-X-√m-sX Im-Wn-√. H-‰-°m-en¬ \n-ev-°-bm-sWm-cp Im-f. ]n-∂n-se C-S-¶m-en¬ tZ-l-`m-cw ap-gp-h≥ t]-dn. G-Im-{K-X-bm¬ ap-dp-In \n-ev-]n-s‚ ImTn-\yw Ip-d-bv-°m-\m-bn Im-e-ev-]w \-Sp-hn-te-°v sIm-≠p-t]m-Im-t\m Im-en-∂-ev-]w X-Sn-Iq-´m-t\m {i-an-®n-´n-√. hm-en-∂-‰-sØ tcm-aw-t]m-epw H-∂p-Zm-ko-\-am-bm¬ A-∂n-an-jw \n-ew-]-Xn-°p-sa-∂-°m-f-bv-°-dn-bmw. \n-h¿-∂p-\n¬-°p-∂ Im-Xp-I-fn-se X-Sn-® R-c-ºp-Iƒ, ap-∂n-te-°v \o-´n-∏n-Sn-®- X-e, F-Sp-Øp-]n-Sn-® Np-a¬, h-en-™p \n¬-°p-∂ h-b¿ `m-cw B H-‰-°m-en-\v sh-fn-bn-te-°v Xp-fp-ºm-Xn-cn-°m≥

A¥¿[m-c

k-Zm sR-cp-ßp-∂p. D-≈-Xpw C-√m-Ø-Xpw sIm-≠v t]m-b-Xpw h-∂-Xpw -sIm-≠v s]m-cp-Xp-∂p-≠-Xv \n-e-\n¬-°m≥. I-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂ ]p-√pw a-c-hpw izm-kw-]n-Sn-®p \n¬-°p-∂p-≠-Xv ho-gm-Xn-cn-°m≥. k-Xy-Øn¬ Cu Im-f \n¬-°p-I-b-√, ho-gm-Xn-cn-°p-I am-{X-am-Wv A-sXm-´p-sa-fp-X-s√-¶n-epw. C-Xn-s‚ ap-ºn¬ A-[n-I-t\-cw \n¬-°m-\m-hn-√ Im-ep-Iƒ Ip-g-bpw H-∂v ho¿-∏n-Sm-\p-≈ kzm-X-{¥yw t]m-ep-an-s√-∂v C-hn-sS \n¬-°p-tºm-g-dn-bmw \n-e-\n-ev-]n-s‚ bm-X-\ A-sXm-‰-bv-°v k-ln-°p-∂p. kw-`-hn-°-cp-Xm-Ø-Xn¬ H-∂p-Iq-Sn kw-`-hn-®m¬ B Im-f \n-ew-]-Xn-°pw. ti-jn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]n-Sn-®p-\n-ev-°-bm-W-Xv.

]n.-sI.-K-tW-i≥-

- \ m- [ n- ] - X y- s Ø- ° p- d n- ® v tem-Iw ap-gp-h≥ kw-km-cn-°p∂p-s≠-¶n-epw, tem-I-Øv an° cm-Py-ß-fn-epw \n-e-\n¬°p-∂X - v P-\m-[n-]X - y `-cW - I - qS- ß - f m- s W- ¶ n- e pw ]- e - b n- S Øpw P-\m-[n-]-Xyw H-cp kwkv-Im-c-am-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂n√. P-\m-[n-]-Xyw F-∂ t]-cns\ am-{X-am-Wv \mw B-{i-bn°p-∂-Xv. `-c-W-Iq-S kw-hn-[m\w F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ am-{X-amWv \m-a-Xv Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Zzn-I-£n kw-hn-[m-\-am-sW-¶nepw _-lp-I-£n kw-hn-[m-\am-sW-¶n-epw C-Xm-Wv A-hÿ. P-\m-[n-]-Xyw B-Xy-¥nI-am-bn H-cp kw-kv-Im-c-am-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°m-Ø-Xn-\m¬, `-cW-Iq-S kw-hn-[m-\w am-{X-ambn ]-cn-an-X-s∏-´-Xn-\m¬ h-enb, i-‡-am-b, {]-ÿm-\w, hen-b, i-‡-\m-b, t\-Xm-hv F∂ I-cp-Øn-s‚, i-‡n-bp-sS an-Øn-te-°v \-Ωp-sS tem-Iw ]-cn-an-Xs - ∏-´p. b-Ym¿-∞Ø - n¬ {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚-tbm t\-Xmhn-s‚-tbm i-‡n, I-cp-Øv F∂ B-i-bw X-s∂ P-\m-[n-]Xym-i-b-hn-cp-≤-am-Wv. Cu Bi-b-Øn-te-°v ]-cn-an-X-s∏-Sptºmƒ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\a - m-b ]u-cm-[n-]X - ya-√, {]-Pm-[n-]-Xy-am-Wv kw-`hn-°p-∂-Xv. {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚tbm t\-Xm-hn-s‚-tbm I-cp-Øv F-∂ an-Øn-s\ \n-cm-I-cn-® t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂p Km-‘n. \-hJm- e n- b n¬ a- X - Ø n- s ‚ t]cn¬ a-\p-jy¿ ]-c-kv-]-cw th´-bm-Sn-b-t∏mƒ P-U-ßƒ-°n-Sbn-eq-sS H-cq-∂p-h-Sn-bp-sS _e-Øn¬ k-am-[m-\w {]m¿-∞n®p \-S-∂, th-Z-\-bn¬ a-cp-∂mbn am-dn-b Km-‘n-tbm-Sv ]-{X{]-h¿-ØI - ¿ tNm-Zn-® B tNmZy-ap-≠-t√m, Zn-√n-bn¬ A-[n-

I-cp-Øn-s‚ an-Øpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ bm-Ym¿-∞y-ß-fpw Im-c ssI-am-‰w \-S-°p-I-b-t√. cm-Py-Øn-s‚ `m-hn cq-]-s∏-SpØp-∂ Iq-Sn-bm-tem-N-\-I-fn¬ A-ßs - b-t∏m-ep-≈ t\-Xm-hv Zn√n-b-e-t√ X-tß-≠-Xv? Km-‘n sIm-Sp-Ø a-dp-]S- n \m-tam¿-t°-

≠-Xp-≠v. P-\-ß-fp-sS {]-Xn—m-bb - m-Wv t\-Xm-hv F-∂m-Wv Km-‘n t\-Xm-hn-s\ \n¿-Δ-Nn®-Xv. B \n¿-Δ-N-\w i-‡n-bp≈ t\-Xm-hv F-∂ I-cp-Øn-s‚ tI-{μ-sØ X-I¿-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

A¥¿[m-c

P- \ m- [ n- ] - X y- k w- h n- [ m- \ - Ø nse t\-Xm-hn-s\ am-{X-a-√ {]ÿm-\-sØ-bp-am-Wv Km-‘n A-∂v \n¿-hN - n-®X - v. I-cp-Øv F∂ an-Øn-s\ Km-‘n s]m-fn°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. t\-Xm-thm {]-ÿm-\-tam A-√ P-\-ß-fmWv I-cp-Ø-cm-th-≠-Xv. \-ΩpsS {]-ÿm-\-ß-tfm t\-Xm-°tfm Cu B-i-bw B-{K-ln°p-I-bn√. \m-a-dn-t™m A-dn-bm-sXtbm Du-´n h-f¿-Øn-b {]-ÿm\-Øn-s‚, t\-Xm-hn-s‚ I-cpØv F-∂ B-i-b-am-Wv ^mjn-k-sØ h-f¿-Øp-∂-Xv. ^mjn-kw P-\n-®-Xpw h-f¿-∂-Xpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bnem-Wv. P¿-Ω-\n-bn¬ \m-a-Xp I-≠p. C-‰-en-bn¬ \m-a-Xv I≠p. P-\m-[n-]-Xyw \n-e-\n¬°p-∂p F-∂v A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ ]-e cm-Py-ß-fn-epw ^m-jnkw A-c-tß-‰w \-S-Øp-I-bmWv. P-\m-[n-]X - y-Øn¬ ^m-jnk-Øn-s‚ Po-\p-≠v F-∂ Bi-bw A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv ^m-jnk-Øn-s‚ A-t∏m-kv-X-e≥ F∂v ap-tkm-fn-\n hn-fn-® Pn-tbmWn sP‚-bn-em-Wv. C-‰-en-bnse ^m-jn-Ãv `-c-W-Iq-Sw XI¿-∂-Sn-™n-´pw, ap-tkm-fn-\nsb P-\w ]n-Sn-Iq-Sn sIm-∂-Xn\v ti-j-hpw, ap-tkm-fn-\n-sb ]p-I-gv-Øn-b, ^m-jn-k-sØ

A¥¿[m-c

]p-I-gv-Øn-b, sP‚-bn-en-s\ P\w sX-cp-hn¬ ]n-Sn-Iq-Sn X√n-s°m-√p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. P-\m-[n-]X - y-Øn¬ F-s¥¶n-epw Ip-g-∏w D-s≠-¶n¬ ]cn-lm-cw tX-tS-≠-Xv P-\m-[n-]Xy-]-c-am-bn-´m-Wv. A-[n-Im-cw tI-{μo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ ^m-jnk-a-√ ]-cn-lm-cw; A-[n-Im-cw ]-ca - m-h[ - n hn-tI-{μo-Ic - n-°s - ∏Sp-I-bm-Wv th-≠-Xv. 1920 Ifn¬ A-ta-cn-°-bn¬ Cu Bi-bw kw-hm-Z-ap-≠m-°n-bn-cp∂p. sU-tam-{Im-‰v ]m¿-ń t\Xm-hv A¬-kva - n-Øm-Wv kw-hmZ-Øn-\v Xp-S-°-an-´-Xv. P-\m-[n]-Xy-Øn¬ F-s¥-¶n-epw Ipg-∏w D-s≠-¶n¬ ]-cn-lm-c-Øn\v more democracy B-Wv ]cn-lm-cw, less democracy A-√ ]-cn-lm-cw. Less democracy F∂ hm-Z-am-Wv ^m-jn-k-Øns‚ h-fw. \n¿-`m-Ky-h-im¬ CØ-cw \-√ B-i-bw P-\m-[n]-Xy-sØ-°p-dn-®v ap-t∂m-´p sh-® A¬-kv-an-Øv 1928 se A-ta-cn-°≥ {]-kn-U‚ v Xn-cs™-Sp-∏n¬ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibm-Wv D-≠m-b-Xv. \-Ωp-sS kaq-lw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h¬-°-s∏ń-ń-√ F-∂-Xn-s‚ sX-fn-hm-Wv B tXm¬-hn. F-gp-]-Xp-I-fnepw F¨-]-Xp-I-fn-epw less democracy F-∂ hm-Zw Zp-cq-l]-c-am-bn A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´p.

km-ap-h¬ l-≠nw-Kv-S≥ F-gp]-Xp-I-fn¬ A-ta-cn-°≥ k-aql-Øn¬ D-≠m-b sXm-gn-em-fnIƒ- ° n- S - b n- s e A- h - I m- i t_m-[w, ]u-cm-h-Im-i kw-LS-\-I-fp-sS C-S-s]-Sp-e-Iƒ, a\p-jy-m-h-Im-i kw-L-S-\-I-fpsS \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ F-∂n-h ap≥\n¿-Øn A-t±-lw ]-d-™p, Cu P-\m-[n-]-Xyw H-cp tcm-Kam-Wv. democratic distemper F∂m-Wv A-t±-lw hn-ti-jn-∏n®-Xv. t£-a-cm-jv-{S k-¶-ev-]Øn¬ \n-∂v P-\m-[n-]-Xy `-cW-Iq-S-ßƒ ]n≥-hm-ß-W-sa∂pw A-t±-lw B-h-iy-s∏-´p. i-‡-am-b `-c-W-Iq-Sw, i-‡\m-b `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn F-∂ anØn-s\ A-t±-lw B-Z¿-i-h¬°-cn-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p. {]-ÿm\-Øn-s‚, t\-Xm-hn-s‚, `-c-WIq-S-Øn-s‚, `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS I-cp-Øv F-∂ B-Z¿-i-h¬°-c-W-Øn-\v kn-\n-a F-∂ Ie ]n≥- X p- W \¬- I n t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. ln-‰v-e-dp-sS h-c-h-dn-bn-®v P¿-Ω-\n-bn¬ ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-b aq¿-tWm-bp-sS, {^n- ‰ v - k v - e m- M n- s ‚, sd- \ n- d os^≥-Ãm-fn-s‚ kn-\n-a-I-fn¬ c-£I - \ - m-sb-Øp-∂ ho-c\ - m-bI-s\ B-Z¿-ih - ¬-°c - n-°p-∂p. do-s^-Ãm-fn-s‚ {S-bw-^v Hm-^v hn¬ F-∂ tUm-Iyp-sa‚-dn kn-\n-a-bn¬ ln-‰v-e¿ X-s∂ {]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p. One people, one culture, one, one F-∂ B-i-bw A-t±-lw {]-kv-Xm-hn°p-∂p. \m-kn-Iƒ ]-Ww ap-S°n-b, \m-kn-Iƒ A-`n-\-bn-® \m-kn kn-\n-a-Iƒ. Cu A-hÿ C-¥y-bn-epw kw-`-hn-®n-cp∂-t√m, C-μn-cm-Km-‘n h-cp-∂, A-Sn-b¥ - n-cm-hÿ {]-Jym-]n-® Im-e-sØ C-¥y≥ kn-\n-a, \oXn-\ym-b kw-hn-[m-\-Øn¬ hnizm-kw C-√m-Ø \m-b-I¿, A[m¿-an-I-X-sb \ym-bo-I-cn-°p∂ \m-b-I¿, C-μn-cm-Km-‘nbpw k-Rv-P-bv-Km-‘n-bpw ]n-Sn-

ap-dp-°n-b Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂p AXv. t\-Xm-hn¬ I-ev-]n-® I-cpØv F-∂ B cm-jv{- So-b an-Øns\ I-cp-Øp-≈ P-\-ß-sf AWn-\n-c-Øn tkm-jy-en-ÃpIƒ t\-cn-´p. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xyw ho-s≠-Sp-Ø-Xv. C-∂v cm-Pyw ^m-jn-k-Øns‚ `o-j-Wn-bn-em-Wv. Cu Ah-ÿ-sb-°p-dn-®v H-´pw Pm-K-cqI-c-√ C-¥y≥ tkm-jy-en-ÃpIƒ. C-∂pw, C-¥y-bn¬ tkmjy-en-Ãv {]-ÿm-\w i-‡-amWv. D-Ø-tc-¥y≥ kw-ÿm-\ß-fn¬ i-‡-am-Wv. ]-t£ tkm-jy-en-Ãp-I-fp-sS H-cp ap∂-Wn-t]m-epw km-[y-am-Ip-∂n√. C-¥y≥ P-\-X tkm-jy-enÃp-I-sf B-{K-ln-°p-∂p. \n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ tkm-jy-en-ÃpIƒ C-¥y≥ P-\-X-sb B-{Kln-°p-∂n-√. cm-Pyw A-I-s∏´ N-cn-{X-]-c-am-b k-hn-ti-j k-μ¿-`-sØ hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xn¬ tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Iƒ ]-cmP-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. kw-L-]-cn-hm¿

F- ∂ i- ‡ - a m- b {]- ÿ m- \ sØ-tbm A-Xn-s‚ i-‡-am-b t\-Xm-hn-s\-tbm i-‡-cm-b P\-X F-∂ km-[y-X D-]-tbmKn-®v t\-cn-Sm≥ tkm-jy-en-ÃpIƒ-°v I-gn-bm-sX t]m-hp-∂p. A-Xp-h-gn F-¥m-Wv kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv? tem-I-Øv ]-ebn-SØ - pw kw-`h - n-°p-∂X - v t]mse {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚, t\-Xmhn-s‚, `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚, `-cWm-[n-Im-cn-bp-sS I-cp-Øv F∂ an-Øn-eq-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xyw, _-lp-kz-c-X, ]u-cm-h-Im-iw, \o-Xn, kzm-X-{¥yw, a-\p-jymh-Im-i-ßƒ, `o-I-c-hm-Zw, Xo{h-hm-Zw F-∂n-h \n¿-h-Nn-°p∂ ^m-jn-kw kw-`-hn-°p-∂p. C-Xp-aq-ew kw-`h - n-°p-∂X - v samdm-en-‰n-bn-√m-Ø P-\m-[n-]-Xyam- W v . P- \ m- [ n- ] - X y- Ø n- s e sam-dm-en-‰n-°p-th-≠n-bm-Wv Km‘n hm-Zn-®-Xv. P-\-ß-fp-sS `mj-bn¬ A-h¿-°n-S-bn¬ \n∂v Km-‘n kw-km-cn-®p. Km‘n-°p-ti-jw tem-ly-bp-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Iu-≠¿ U-b-e-Iv-Sp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Iu-≠¿ \-tc-‰ohv D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B `m-j \mw C-¥y-°m¿-°v \-jv-S-s∏´p. F-s∂-¶n-epw cq-]-s∏-´p hcp-am-bn-cn-°pw. ]-s£ C-∂v \mw ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ \mw A-\m-Y-am-Wv. cmjv-{So-b-a-Xw `-c-W-Iq-S-am-bn ]cn-W-an-® cm-Py-ß-fn-sem-s° P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ sam-dm-en‰n \-jv-S-s∏-´p. hn-tbm-Pn-∏pIƒ, hy-Xy-kv-X-X-Iƒ A-\yh¬-°-cn-°-s∏-´p. C-dm-\n-se A-\p-`-h-Øn¬ \n-∂v A-hn-SpsØ N-e-®n-{X-Im-c≥ a-Jv-a¬ _-^v C-°m-cyw Nq-≠n-°m-´p∂p-≠v. jm-bp-sS G-Im-[n-]Xyw t]m-bn P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ kp-h¿-Æ-Im-ew h-cp-sa-∂ {]-Xo-£-bn¬ sX-cp-hn-en-d-ßnb P-\-ßƒ-s°m-∏w a-Jv-a¬ _-^v A-S-°-ap-≈ N-e-®n-{XIm-c-∑m-cpw F-gp-Øp-Im-cpw Iem-Im-c-∑m-cpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B ap-t∂-‰-sØ a-X-]u-tcmln-Xyw A-´n-a-dn-®p. P-\m-[n-]Xyw \-jv-S-s∏-´p. sk-Iyp-e-dnkw \-jv-S-s∏-´p. en-_-d-en-kw \-jv-S-s∏-´p. kz-¥w Ip-Spw-_w Nn-Xd - n-t∏m-bn. t]-cn¬ A-hn-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xyw D-≠v. ]-s£ sam-dm-en-‰n-bn-√. Cu-sbm-cp Zpc-¥w Im-Wm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv C-¥ y≥ tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Iƒ. I-cp-Øn-s‚ an-Øn-s\ s]m-fn°p-∂ s]m-fn-‰n-°¬ ^n-temk-^n-bp-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xyw cq]-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠ k-a-b-am-Wn-Xv. tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Iƒ-°v km-[y-X D- ≠ v . B- h ¿- Ø n- ° - s ´. C¥y≥ P-\-X tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Isf B-{K-ln-°p-∂p. \n¿-`m-Kyh-im¬ tkm-jy-en-Ãp-Iƒ C¥y≥-P-\-X-sb B-{K-ln-°p∂n-√. ({]-ap-J tkm-jy-en-Ãv Fw.-sI._m-e-cm-a≥ \-ºym¿ kv-am-c-I {]-`m-j-Ww)

A¥¿[m-c

A-Uz. hn-t\m-Zv ]-ø-S-

cm-

jv-{So-b kz-bw-tk-h-I kw-L-sa-∂ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv {]m-Y-an-I-am-bn P-\m-[n-]-XysØ Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂ H-cp kw-L-S-\-b-√. a-lm-cm-jv-{S-bnse, C-¥y-bn-se X-s∂ {_m“-W-cn¬ G-‰-hpw D-b¿-∂-sX∂v kz-bw A-l-¶-cn-°p-∂, NnXv-]-h≥ {_m-“-W-cp-sS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬, {_m-“-Wn-I lnμp-Xz-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-b H-cp k-h¿-Æ ^m-jn-Ãv cm-jv-{Sw kr-jv-Sn-°p-I-sb-∂ D-t±-iytØm-sS cq-]w sIm-≠ kw-LS-\-bm-W-Xv. k¿-kw-L-Nm-esI-∂ A-Xn-s‚ X-e-h≥ ]n¥p-S¿-®m-h-Im-i-am-bn {]-Jym]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-bm-fm-Wv. k¿kw-L-Nm-e-I≥ a-c-W-s∏-Sp-Itbm ]-Z-hn H-gn-bp-I-tbm sNøp-∂-Xn-\p ap-t∂m-Sn-bm-bn Xmh-gn-°m-c≥ ap≥-Iq-´n \n-›-bn°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-tØm-Spw hn-`n-∂ kz-c-ß-tfm-Spw H-cn-°-epw kln-jv-Wp-X ]p-e¿-Øn-bn-´n-√mØ C-°q-´¿ P-\m-[n-]-Xy \m-

A¥¿[m-c

Sy-ßƒ ]p-e-¿-Øp-I-bpw P-\m[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ c-£-I-cm-bn kz-bw A-h-tcm-[n-°p-I-bpw sN-øm-dp-≠v. A-Xn-\m-bn N-cn{X-h-kv-Xp-X-I-sf X-a-kv-I-cn®p- hym-P A-h-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-fpam-bn cw-K-Øp h-cp-∂-Xv A-hcp-sS ]-Xn-hp co-Xn-bm-Wv. AØ-c-sam-∂m-Wv A-Sn-b-¥n-cmh-ÿ-sb C-√m-Xm-°n P-\m-[n]-Xyw ]p-\x-ÿm-]n-®-Xv X-ßfm-sW-∂ A-h-Im-i-hm-Zw. {][m-\-a-{¥n \-tc-{μ-tam-Zn A-Snb- ¥ n- c m- h - ÿ - b p- s S 46˛- a - X v hm¿-jn-I Zn-\-Øn¬ \-S-Ønb A-h-Im-i-hm-Zw A-Xp-sIm≠v X-s∂ bm-sXm-cp A-¤pX-hpw D-f-hm-°p-∂n-√. B¿.-Fkv.-F-kv.-A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿm hn-cp-≤-ap-t∂-‰-sØ H-‰p-sIm-SpØp- s h- ∂ N- c n- { Xw ap- º pw s]m-Xp-a-Wv-U-e-Øn¬ h-∂n-´p≈-Xm-Wv. N-cn-{X h-kv-Xp-XIƒ h-f-s®m-Sn-®p sIm-≠v P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ ta-e-¶n-bWn-™v A-Xn-hn-Z-Kv-[-am-bn {]Xy-£-s∏-Sm≥ hn-cp-Xp-≈ kwL-Øn-s‚ b-Ym¿-∞ N-cn-{Xw ho-≠pw ho-≠pw D-∂-bn-°p-Isb-∂-Xv X-s∂ H-cp cm-jv-{So-

b {]-h¿-Ø-\-am-Wv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kpw ln-μp-alm-k-`-bpw P-\-kw-L-hpw F°m-e-hpw ]n-∂m-ºp-d H-ØpXo¿-∏p-Iƒ \-S-Øn-b-h-cm-sW∂-Xv C-∂v H-cp ]p-Xn-b A-dnh-√. £-am-]-W-Øn-s‚-bpw am∏n-c-°-en-s‚-bpw Im-cy-Øn¬ hn.-Un.k-h¿-°¿ ap-X¬ Ctßm-´v A-hc - p-sS F-√m t\-Xm°-fpw H-cp-t]m-se {]-ho-W-cmbn-cp-∂p. C-¥y-bn-se ln-μp°-fm-b Iu-am-c-°m¿ t]m-epw Xq-°p-a-c-ß-sf-bpw {_n-´o-jv sh-Sn-bp-≠-I-sf-bpw k-ss[cyw t\-cn-´-t∏mƒ `o-cp-Xz-Øns‚ am-f-ß-fn-sem-fn-®-h¿ "K¿hv sk I-tlm, lw ln-μpsl' F-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy ]-In´p-am-bn cw-K-Øv h-∂-Xv X-s∂ H-∂mw-Xc - w A-«o-ea - m-bn-cp-∂p. kzm-X{- ¥y-e_ - v[ - n-°v sXm-´p-]n∂m- s e cm- j v - { So- b cw- K - Ø v tIm¨-{K- n-\v h-en-b Im-cyßƒ sN-øm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xpt]m-se kmw-kvI - m-cn-I a-WvU - e- Ø n¬ X- ß ƒ- ° pw G- s d sN-øm-\p-s≠-∂ kn-≤m-¥-hpam-bn B¿.-Fk - v.F - k - v.t- a-[m-hnbm-bn-cp-∂ am-[-hv k-Zm-in-hv

tKmƒ-hmƒ-°¿ k¿-Zm¿ h-√`m-bv ]-t´-en-s\ k-ao-]n-°p-∂p≠v. ap-K-f≥-am-cp-sS Im-e-Øv A-h¿-°v F-√m ]n-¥p-W-bpw H-Øm-i-bpw sN-bv-Xp sIm-SpØ-Xv {_m-“-W-cm-bn-cp-∂p. {_n- ´ o- j p- I m¿ h- ∂ - t ∏mƒ {_m-“-W¿ {_n-´o-jv tem-b-enÃp-I-fm-bn am-dn F-∂-Xp-t]mse-bm-Wv {_m-“-Wn-I km-aqln-I {I-a-Øn-\p th-≠n \ne- s Im- ≈ p- ∂ B¿.- F - k v . - F kpw ln-μp-a-lm-k-`-bpw {_n´o-jv `-c-W-Im-e-Øv A-Xn-s‚ ]n-¥p-W-°m-cm-b-Xpw. A-tX \n-e-]m-Sn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Ønem-Wv A-[n-Im-c-i-‡n-bp-ambn k-‘n-bn-te¿-s∏-Sp-I F-∂ \-b-Øn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn kzm-X{¥ym-\-¥-c `-c-W-Iq-S-hp-am-bp≈ kw-`m-j-Ww B¿.-F-kv.F-kv. \-S-Øn-b-Xpw. Cu \o°w s]m-fn-®-Xv P-h-l¿-em¬ s\-lv-dp B-bn-cp-∂p. 1971 se ]m-Iv-˛-_w-•m-tZ-iv bp-≤-Øn¬ In-g-°≥ _w-Kmfn-s\ ]m-In-ÿm-\n¬ \n-∂pw th¿-s]-Sp-Øn i-‡-am-b {]-

Xn-—m-b t\-Sn-b C-μn-cm-Km-‘nbp-am-bn A-Sp-°m-\p-≈ Xo-{ham-b {i-a-ßƒ A-°m-e-sØ k¿-kw-L- Nm-e-Im-bn-cp-∂ a[p-I¿ Z-Øm-t{X-b tZ-h-d-kns‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ B¿.-Fkv.-F-kv \-S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. X-ß-fp-sS ]m-c-º-cy ]m-Inÿm≥ hn-tcm-[-Øn-s‚ i-‡bm-b h-‡m-hn-s\ A-h¿ Cμn-cm-Km-‘n-bn¬ I-≠p. C-μncm-Km-‘n tZ-h-d-kn-s‚ {i-a-ßsf A- h - K - W n- ® - t ∏mƒ k⁄-bv Km-‘n-bn-eq-sS C-μn-cm `-c-W-Øn-s‚ ]-¶p-]-‰m-\m-bn ]n-s∂-bp-≈ {i-aw. Cu I-cp\o-°-ßƒ \-S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\nS- b n- e m- W v 1974 ¬ Kp- P - d mØn¬ \-h-\n¿-Ωm¨ k-an-Xnbp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ hnZym¿-∞n bp-h-P-\ {]-t£m-`w B-fn-°-Øp-∂-Xv. {]-t£m-`sØ Xp-S¿-∂v Nn-a≥-`m-bv ]t´¬ k¿-°m-dn-\v cm-Pn-sh-s®mgn-tb-≠n h-∂p. C-Xn-\p ]n-∂mse _o-lm-dn¬ ap-Jy-a{- ¥n A_v-Zpƒ K-^q-dn-s\-Xn-sc-bpw sXm-gn-en-√m-bv-a, ]-´n-Wn, A-gn-

B¿.-F-kv.F-kpw ln-μpa-lm-k-`-bpw P-\-kw-L-hpw F-°me-hpw ]n-∂m-ºp-d H-Øp-Xo¿∏p-Iƒ \-S-Øn-b-h-cm-sW-∂-Xv C-∂v H-cp ]p-Xn-b A-dn-h√- . £-am-]W - Øn-s‚-bpw am-∏n-c-°-en-s‚-bpw Im-cyØn¬ hn.-Un.k-h¿-°¿ ap-X¬ C-tßm-´v A-h-cpsS F-√m t\-Xm-°-fpw H-cp-t]m-se {]-ho-W-cm-bn-cp∂p. C-¥y-bn-se ln-μp-°f- m-b Iu-am-c° - m¿ t]m-epw Xq-°p-a-c-ß-sf-bpw {_n-´o-jv sh-Sn-bp-≠-I-sf-bpw k-ss[-cyw t\-cn-´-t∏mƒ `o-cp-Xz-Øn-s‚ am-f-ß-fnsem-fn-®-h¿ "K¿-hv sk I-tlm, lw ln-μp-sl' F-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy ]-In-´p-am-bn cw-KØ - v h-∂X - v X-s∂ H-∂mw-X-cw A-«o-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.

a-Xn, Zp¿-hm-gv-N Xp-S-ßn-b-hs°-Xn-sc hn-Zym¿-∞n ˛ bp-hP- \ - { ]- t £m- ` w B- c w- ` n- ® p. tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´n-bp-sS hnZym¿-∞n/bp-h-P-\ hn-`m-K-am-b tkm-jy-en-Ãv bp-h-P-\ k-`-bpsS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ _o-lm¿ Om-{X kw-L¿-j-k-an-Xn cq]o-I-cn-®v Xp-S-ßn-b {]-t£m`-Øn¬ F.-_n.-hn.]n bpw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-bn. F-∂m¬ F.-_n.hn.-]n-bp-sS am-Xr-kw-L-S-\-Ifm-b B¿.-F-kv.-F-kpw P-\kw-L-hpw k-a-c-Øn-\v F-Xncm-b \n-e-]m-Sm-Wv kzo-I-cn-®Xv. C-Xn-\p Im-c-Ww C-μn-cm-`c-Wt- Øm-Sv A-h¿-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ B-`n-ap-Jy-am-bn-cp-∂p. _w•m-tZ-iv hn-tam-N-\-Øn-s‚ t]cn¬ C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-sb B¿.-Fkv.-F-kv. hm-gv-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂-t√m sN-bv-X-Xv. 1971 Un-kw_¿ 22 \v k¿-kw-L-Nm-e-I≥ C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-sb ]p-I-gv-Øn I- s Ø- g p- X n- b n- c p- ∂ p. A- t X k-a-bw {]-t£m-`-sØ ]n-¥pW-°-W-sa-∂ \n-e-]m-Sp-am-bn A-∂-sØ P-\-kw-L-Øn-s‚ cm-Py-k` - m Aw-Ka - m-bn-cp-∂ kp{_-“-Wy-kzm-an cw-K-Øv h-cnI-bpw Nn-e B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. P-\-kw-L t\-Xm-°ƒ tbmKw tN¿-∂v \m-\m-Pn tZ-iva - p-Jns\ sP.]n cq-]o-I-cn-® tem-I kw-L¿-j-k-an-Xn-bn-te-°v {]Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn A-b-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. sP.-]n.-ap-t∂m-´v sh® \-b-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-sf A-h¿ X{¥-]q¿-Δa - m-Wv kzo-Ic - n-®n-cp-∂Xv. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s\ Ir-Xyam-bn a-\- n-em-°m-sX A-hsc {]-t£m-`Ø - n¬ ]-¶m-fn-bm°n-b-Xn¬ sP.-]n.-bp-sS k-ao]-\w sX-‰m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂ hna¿-i-\w kw-K-X-am-Wv. H-cp GIm-[n-]-Xy `-c-W-Iq-S-sØ t\cn-Sm≥ k¿-Δ k-∂m-l-ß-fpw k-am-l-cn-°p-I F-∂ \-b-Øn\m-Wv A-t∏mƒ {]m-ap-Jy-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 1974 \-hw-_¿

A¥¿[m-c

4 \v ]-Sv-\-bn¬ sh-®v sP.]n sb {Iq-c-am-bn t]m-eo-kv a¿±n-®p. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ tXmƒ, ssI Im-ep-I-fn-se A-ÿnIƒ s]m-´p-∂-Xp-h-sc-bm-bn-cp∂p a¿-±-\w. Cu kw-`-hw Cμn-cm-Km-‘n-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ cmPy-hym-]-I-am-b {]-t£m-`-ambn h-f¿-∂p. tIm¨-{K- n-\p≈n-se C-μn-c-bp-sS t\-Xr-XzØn-s\-Xn-sc-bp-≈ I-em-]-ßfpw, ]n-∂o-Sv C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-s°Xn-sc tkm-jy-en-Ãv t\-Xm-hv cm- P v - \ m- c m- b - W ≥ \¬- I n- b tI- n¬ A-e-l-_m-Zv sslt°m-SX - n C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-sb Atbm-Ky-bm-°n-b hn-[n-bpw IqSn h-∂-t∏mƒ X-s‚ A-[n-Imcw D-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n `c-W-L-S-\ t`-Z-K-Xn sN-bv-XpsIm-≠v C-μn-cm-Km-‘n B-`y¥-c A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ 1975 Pq¨ 25 \v A¿-≤-cm-{Xn {]Jym-]n-®p. 25 \pw 26 \p-am-bn \n-c-h-[n B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv. t\Xm-°-sf t]m-eo-kv A-d-Ãv sN-bv-Xp. Pq¨ 30 \v B-Wv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv.-X-e-h≥ tZ-hd-kn-s\ A-d-Ãp sN-bv-X-Xv. 1975 Pq-em-bv 4 \v B¿.-F-kv.F-kv \n-tcm-[n-°-s∏-´p. C-Xpw Iq-Sn B-b-t∏mƒ B¿.-F-kv.-

F-kv t\-Xm-°ƒ `-b-N-In-Xcm-bn. H-cp `m-K-Øv tZ-h-d-kns‚-bpw hm-Pv-t]-bn-bp-sS-bpw t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ C-μn-cm-Km-‘nbp-am-bpw k-Rv-P-bv Km-‘n-bpam-bpw ]n-∂m-ºp-d-Øv A-hn-cma-am-b H-Øp-Xo¿-∏v {i-a-ß-fpw a-dp-`m-K-Øv k-a-c-Øn¬ ]-¶mfn-If - m-Ip-Ib - pw sN-øp-I F-∂ X-{¥-am-Wv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv.kzo-I-cn-®-Xv. {]-Xy-£ k-a-c]-£-Øv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv Ds≠-∂-Xn-\p sX-fn-hm-bn ImWn-°p-∂-Xv \m-\m-Pn tZ-iv-apJv, a-Z≥-em¬ Jp-dm-\, kp-{_“-Wyw kzm-an, tKm-hn-μm-Nmcy, Z-tØm-]-¥v tX-¶m-Sn, am[-hv dm-hp aq-se, Xp-Sß - n-b t\Xm-°-fp-sS H-fn-hn-ep-≈ {]-h¿Ø- \ - a m- W v . A- t X- k - a - b w B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s‚ ta-J-em t\-Xm-°ƒ Iq-Sn-bm-b C-h¿ G-I-\m-Yv cm-a-Ir-jv-W dm-\sU-sb C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-am-bn k- ‘ n- k w- ` m- j - W - Ø n- \ v \ntbm-Kn-°p-Ib - pw sN-bvX - n-´p-≠v. dm-\s - U Fw.-Fk - v.t- Kmƒ-hmƒ°-dp-sS Im-e-Øv B¿.-F-kv.F-kn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-\n-cb - n-se c≠m-a-\m-bn-cp-∂p. 1948˛49 ¬ B- Z y- \ n- t cm- [ - \ Im- e - Ø v tIm¨-{K- v t\-Xr-Xz-hp-am-bn

]n.hn. Ip-cy≥ (1921˛1993) Pq-em-bv 14, tkm-jy-en-Ãv ssk-≤m-¥n-I-\pw {K-ŸIm-c-\p-am-b ]n hn Ip-cys‚ N-ca - Z- n-\w. tem-lym hnNm-c-th-Zn-bp-sS ÿm-]-I t\-Xm-°-fn-sem-cmƒ Iq-Snbm-b Ip-cy-s‚ P-∑-i-Xm–n Iq-sS-bm-Wn-Xv. {]n-b k-Jm-hn-s‚ Pz-en-°p-∂ kva-c-W-Iƒ-°p ap-∂n¬ A¥¿-[m-c-bp-sS B-Z-cm-Rv-Pen-Iƒ.

A¥¿[m-c

H- Ø p- X o¿- ∏ n- s e- Ø p- ∂ - X n- \ v B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv Np-a-X-e-s∏-SpØn-b-Xpw dm-\-sU-sb B-bncp-∂p. am-{X-a-√ A-t±-lw Cμn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS hn-iz-kvX - \ - pam-bn-cp-∂p. hn-th-Im-\-μ kv-ac-W-bv-°p-≈ ]-≤-Xn-I-fn¬ Cμn-cm-Km-‘n dm-\-sU-bv-°v klm-b-ßƒ \¬-In-bn-cp-∂p. C¥y≥ Iu¨-kn¬ Hm-^v Iƒ®-d¬ dn-te-j≥-kn(ICCR)¬ dm-\-sU-sb \n-b-an-®-Xpw C-μncm-Km-‘n B-bn-cp-∂p. ICCR s\bm-Wv c-≠v t]-cpw c-l-ky kw-`m-j-W-ßƒ-°v D-]-tbm-Ks∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. A-Sn-b-¥ncm-h-ÿ-s°-Xn-sc k-a-cw sNbv-X-h-sc-∂v kw-Lw A-h-Imi-s∏-Sp-∂ A-Xn-s‚ t\-Xm-°fm-bn-cp-∂ am-[-h-dm-hp aq-se, Z-tØm ]-¥v sX-¶-Sn, tam-tdm ]-¥v ]nw-K-sf F-∂n-h¿ 1976 \-hw-_¿ 30 \v kw-L-{]-h¿Ø-I-sc hn-´-b-®m¬ A-Sn-b¥n-cm-h-ÿ-sb ]n-¥p-W-°msa-∂v k-ΩX - n-®v C-μn-cm-Km-‘n°v I-sØ-gp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p. F._n.-hn.]n t\-Xm-°-fm-b _¬_o¿ ]p-©pw {]-`p Nu-f-bpw P-bn¬ tam-Nn-X-cm-°m≥ th≠n C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS 20 C\ ]-cn-]m-Sn-sb-bpw k-Rv-P-bv Km-‘n-bp-sS 5 C-\ ]-cn-]m-Snsb-bpw ]n-¥p-W-°p-∂p-sh-∂v F-gp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Ø-h-cn¬ Dƒs∏-´h - c - m-bn-cp-∂p. tZ-hd - k - v BWv C-h-cp-sS C-S-bn¬ C-cp-]Xn-\ ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-sf B-Zy-am-bn ]n-¥p-W-®-Xv. Cu ]-cn-]m-SnIƒ A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ-s°-Xncm-b B-tKm-f-X-e-Øn-epw C¥y-°p-≈n-epw D-b¿-∂ {]-Xntj-[ß - s - f a-dn-IS- ° - p-∂X - n-\p th-≠n-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. A-Snb- ¥ n- c m- h - ÿ - ° m- e - Ø v `- c Ww \n-b-{¥n-®n-cp-∂ k-Rv-Pbv Km-‘n-bp-sS {]o-Xn k-ºmZn-°p-I F-∂-Xp-t]m-se B¿.F-kv.-F-kn-s\ B-Àm-Zn-∏n-® ]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p ap-…ow-ß-

sf e-£y-an-´p sIm-≠p-≈ kRv-P-bn-s‚ 5 C-\ ]-cn-]m-Sn-bnse k- ¥ m- \ \n- b - { ¥- W w. Xp¿-°v-am≥ sK-bv-‰n-se ap-…owß-sf _-e-am-bn ]n-Sn-®p-sIm≠p- t ]m- b n \n¿- _ - ‘ n- X h‘yw-I-c-W-Øn-\v hn-t[-b-am°n-b kw-`h - s - Ø ap≥-\n¿-Ønbm-Wv B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv k-RvP-bv Km-‘n-bv-°v ]n-¥p-W-bpam-bn cw-K-Øv h-∂-Xv. b¿-hmZm P-bn-en¬ X-S-hn-em-bn-cp-∂ tZ-h-d-kv 1975 B-K-kv-Xv 22 \v B-Wv C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-°v B-ZyI-Øv A-b-®-Xv. 1975 B-K-kvXv 15 \v sN-t¶m-´-bn¬ C-μn-cmKm-‘n \-S-Øn-b {]-kw-K-sØ {]-Io¿-Øn-®p sIm-≠m-Wv BZy-I-Øv F-gp-Xn-b-Xv. c-≠m-asØ I-sØ-gp-Xn-b-Xv 1975 \hw-_¿ 10 \v B-bn-cp-∂p. Ae-l-_m-Zv ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS hn-[n kp-{]ow-tIm-SX - n-bp-sS A©w-K _-©v A-km-[p-hm-°nb-Xn¬ C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-°v A-`n\-μ\ - a - d - n-bn-®p-sIm-≠v Xp-Sß - p∂ I-Øn¬ P-b-{]-Im-iv \mcm-b-W-s‚ {]-ÿm-\-hp-am-bn B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s\ k¿-°m¿ _-‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv bm-sXm-cp Im-cW - h - p-an-√m-sX B-bn-cp-∂psh-∂pw Kp-P-dm-Øv, _o-lm¿ {]-t£m-`-ß-fp-am-bn B¿.-Fkv.-F-kn-\v bm-sXm-cp _-‘hp-an-s√-∂v Xp-d-∂v {]-Jym-]n°p-I-bm-Wv tZ-h-d-kv sN-bv-XXv. kp-{]ow-tIm-S-Xn hn-[n-sb C-μn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS kzm-[o-\Øm-ep-≈ hn-[n-sb-∂v {]-Xn-]£w hn-a¿-in-®n-cp-∂ k-a-bØm-Wv tZ-h-d-kn-s‚ Cu IØv F-∂-Xv {]-[m-\-am-Wv. tZh-d-kv D-]-tbm-Kn-® `m-j bmN-\-bp-sS-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v IØv hm-bn-°p-tºmƒ a-\ - n-emIpw. F-ßn-s\-sb-¶n-epw \ntcm-[-\w \o-°n-°n-´p-∂-Xn-\p th-≠n-bp-≈ bm-N-\-bm-bn-cp∂p A-Xv. \m-\m-Pn tZ-iv-ap-Jns\ k- a - c - ` m- K w "A- ` n- \ - b n-

°m≥' hn-´p-sIm-≠v ]n-∂m-ºpd-Øv I-Øp-I-sf-gp-Xp-∂ Xn-c°n-em-bn-cp-∂p B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv. C-μn-cm-Km-‘n Cu c-≠v I-Øp-I-sf-bpw A-h-K-Wn-°pI-bm-Wp-≠m-bX - v. A-Xn-s\m-cp Im-c-W-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kzm-X{¥y-k-a-c-Øn-se \m-b-I-cn¬ H-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂ sP.-]n-sb X-Shn-en-´-Xn-s\-bpw A-Sn-b-¥n-cmh-ÿ-sb-bpw C-μn-cm-Km-‘n A-¥m-cm-jv-{S cw-K-Øv \yo-boI-cn-®-Xv sP.]n Km-‘n Lm-XI-cm-b B¿.-F-kv.-F- n-s\ Iq-´p-]n-Sn-®v cm-Py-Øv A-c-£nXm-hÿ kr-jSv- n-°p-∂p-sh-∂v ]-d-™m-bn-cp-∂p. A-tX-k-abw B¿.-F-kv.-F- n-s‚ `o-Xnsb ]-c-am-h-[n ap-X-em-°n {]t£m-`-sØ A-Sn-®-a¿-Øm-\p≈ \o-°w C-μn-cm-Km-‘n dm\-sU-bp-sS ]n-¥p-W-tbm-sS \-S-Øp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. A-Xn\p-ti-jw a-lm-cm-jv-{S ap-Jya-{¥n B-bn-cp-∂ F-kv.-_n.-Nhm-\pw tZ-h-d-kv I-Øp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. 1975 Pq-em-bv 15 \v F-gp-Xn-b I-Øv k¿-°mdn-s\-Xn-sc hn-Zq-c-am-bn t]mepw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv {]-h¿Øn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂pw km-aq-lnI-hpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hp-am-b ta-J-e-I-fn¬ am-{X-am-Wv {]h¿-Øn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw D-W¿Øn-°p-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv. IØp-Iƒ-°v a-dp-]-Sn-bn-√m-Xm-bt∏mƒ tZ-h-d-kv C-μn-cm-Km-‘nbp-sS hn-iz-kv-X-\m-b hn-t\m_ `m-h-bv-°v A-ß-bp-sS ]mZ-ß-fn¬ hn-\o-X-\m-bn F-∂ kw-t_m-[-\-tbm-sS I-sØ-gpXp-∂p-≠v. {]-[m-\-a-{¥n-bp-ambn hn-t\m-_-bp-sS Iq-Sn-°m-gvN-bp-sS X-te-Zn-h-k-am-Wv Fgp-Øv. B¿.-F-kv.-F- n-s‚ \ntcm-[-\w \o-°m≥ C-S-s]-S-Wsa-∂ Zo-\-kz-c-am-Wv F-gp-Øn\v. kw-L {]-h¿-Ø-I-sc hn-´b-°p-∂ ]-£w {]-[m-\-a-{¥nbp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn≥ Io-gn¬

B¿.-F-kv.-F-kpw A-Xn-s‚ hn-`n-∂ cm-jv-{Sob cq-]-ß-fpw h-©-\-bpsS-bpw N-Xn-bp-sS-bpw am-{X-a√- Ip-’n-XX - z-Øns‚-bpw {]-Xn-cq-]-ß-fmsW-∂v N-cn-{Xw \-tc-{μtam-Zn-bn-eq-sS-bpw A-an-Xv jm-bn-eq-sS-bpw ho-≠pw ho-≠pw sX-fn-bn-®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-W.v

A¥¿[m-c

B-Zc- m-RP -v e- n-Iƒ

{]-km-Zv Xr-{]-bm¿ {]-ap-J tkm-jy-en-Ãpw temly-hn-Nm-c-th-Zn {]-h¿-Ø-I\p-am-bn-cp-∂ {]-km-Zv Xr-{]bm¿ hn-S ]-d-™p. a-Zyhn-cp≤ {]-h¿-Ø-I-\m-bn-cp-∂ At±-lw ]u-ck - vX - y-`m-jm-[ym-]I kw- L - S - \ (]n._n.Fkv)bp-sS kw-ÿm-\ sk-{I´-dn-bm-bpw {]-h¿-Øn-®n-cp-∂p. k-Jm-hv {]-km-Zv Xr-{]-bm-dn\v tem-ly hn-Nm-c-th-Zn-bp-sS B-Z-cm-Rv-P-enIƒ.

D-Ω¿ jm tem-lym hn-Nm-c-th-Zn a-e-∏pdw Pn-√m kw-Lm-S-I-\m-bn-cp∂ k-Jm-hv D-Ω¿-jm Hm¿-Ωbm-bn. {]n-b k-Jm-hn-\v hn-S.

A¥¿[m-c

k¿-°m¿ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ hn-Pbn-∏n-°m-\pw cm-Py-sØ A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Øm-\pw D-≈ km-l-N-cyw kw-Pm-X-am-°W-sa-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p I-Ønse A-`y¿-∞-\. A-Sn-b-¥ncm-h-ÿ ]n≥-h-en-°-W-sat∂m sP.-]n-sb tam-Nn-∏n°-W-sa-t∂m D-≈ H-cp hcn-t]m-epw A-Xn-en-√m-bn-cp∂p. Cu I-Øp-I-sfm-s° 1977 H-Iv-tSm-_¿ 18 \v a-lmcm-jv-{S \n-b-a-k-`-bp-sS tai-∏p-d-Øv sh-®n-´p-≈-Xpw \n-b-a-k-`m tc-J-I-fp-sS `mK-am-b-Xp-am-Wv. \n-c-¥-c-amb am-∏-t]-£-I-fpw bm-N-\I-fpw Im-c-Ww C-μn-cm k¿°m¿ B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv {]h¿- Ø - I - s c tam- N n- ∏ n- ° phm≥ X-øm-dm-bn. A-Xn-\mbn k¿-°m¿ am-∏-t]-£-bpsS am-Xr-I-t]m-epw X-øm-dm°n \¬-In-bn-cp-∂p. Hm-tcmcp- Ø - c pw {]- t Xy- I - a m- b n \¬-tI-≠ D-S-º-Sn-bn¬ hntam-Nn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂ ]-£w ASn-b¥ - n-cm-hÿ - s - b tZm-jI - c-am-bn _m-[n-°p-∂ H-cp {]hrØn-bn-epw G¿-s∏-Sp∂-X-√ F-∂ D-d-∏v h-f-sc hy-‡-am-bn X-s∂ \¬-Inbn-cp-∂p. B¿.-F-kv.-F-kv X-Sh - p-Im¿ Iq-´t- Øm-sS Cu D- S - º - S n- b n¬ H- ∏ p- s h- b v °m≥ Xn-Sp-°w Iq-´p-∂-Xv {i-≤-bn¬-s∏-´ a-lm-cm-jv-{Sbn-se X-S-hp-Im-c-m-b tkmjy-en-Ãv t\-Xm-°-ƒ `-Kmbv-‡¿, _m-_p-dm-hp km-a¥v, Z-i-c-Yv ]m-´o¬ F-∂nh¿ P-\-kw-L-Øn-s‚ t\Xm-hv am¬-Kn-tbm-Sv A-h-sc A-Xn¬ \n-∂v ]n-∑m-‰-W-sa∂v A-`y¿-∞n-°p-I-bpw AXn-\p-≈ \n¿-t±-iw P-bn-en\p-≈n¬ \n-∂-√ D-≠m-bsX-∂pw B¿.-F-kv.-F-kns‚-bpw P-\-kw-L-Øn-s‚bpw X-e-∏-Øp \n-∂m-sW-

∂pw A-dn-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. b¿-hmZm P-bn-en-se X-S-hp-Im-c-\m-bncp-∂ tkm-jy-en-Ãv t\-Xm-hpw tkm-jy-en-Ãv {]-kn-≤o-I-c-Wam-b P-\-X-bp-sS F-Un-‰-dp-ambn-cp-∂ Pn.-Pn.-]-co-Jpw a-s‰mcp t\-Xm-hm-b _m-_ ATmsh-bpw C-°m-cyw ÿn-co-I-cn®n-´p-≠v. 1979 k-]v-Xw-_¿ 16 s‚ P-\-X-bn¬ ATm-sh C°m-cy-ßƒ sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibp-≠m-bn. A-t±-lw ]-d-bp∂p. b¿-hm-Z P-bn-en¬ D-S-ºSn ]-{X-Øn¬ H-∏p-sh-bv-°m≥ X-øm-dp-≈-h¿ _-‘-s∏-S-Wsa-∂v B-h-iy-s∏-´p-≈ A-dnbn-∏p-Iƒ aq-t∂m \m-tem {]mh-iyw h-∂p. `q-cn-]-£w B¿.F-kv.-F-kv Im-cpw A-Xv H-∏psh-®v \¬-Im≥ Xn-Sp-°w Im´n-b-Xv Rm≥ t\-cn-´p I-≠n-´p≈-Xm-Wv. tZ-h-d-kv am-{X-am-bncp-∂n-√ am-∏-t]-£-I-cn-se {]ap-J≥. A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ-°p ti-jw \-S-∂ A-[n-Im-c-am-‰Øn¬ `-c-W-kp-Jw \p-W-™ F.-_n.-hm-Pv-t]-bn-bpw A-°q-´Øn- s e {]- a p- J - \ m- b n- c p- ∂ p. _mw-•q-cn¬ A-d-Ãv sN-ø-s∏´v X-Sh - n-em-bn-cp-∂ A-t±-lw Cμn-cm-Km-‘n-°v tcm-K-hn-h-cw Im-Wn-®v tam-N-\w th-W-sa∂m-hi - y-s∏-´v I-sØ-gp-Xn-bn-´p≠v . A- X n- s ‚ A- S n- ÿ m- \ Øn¬ Zn-√n-bn-se F-bnw-kn¬ Nn-In-’-bpw kz-¥w ho-´n¬ Xm-a-k-hpw H-cp-°-Ø-°-hn-[Øn¬ k¿-°m¿ Zo¿-L-Im-e ]-tcmƒ hm-Pv-t]-bn-°-\p-h-Zn®p. A-tX-k-a-bw sP.-]n.-Atß-b-‰-sØ tcm-Km-h-ÿ-bnepw P-bn-en¬ G-Im-¥ X-S-hnep-am-bn-cp-∂p. sIm-Sn-b a¿-±-\Øn-\p hn-t[-b-am-bn Po-h-—-ham-bn-´m-Wv tkm-jy-en-Ãv t\Xm-hv kv-t\-l-e-X sd-Uv-Vnsb hn-´-b-®-Xv. A-Xn-s‚ \memw Zn-h-kw A-h¿ a-c-W-s∏Sp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. hm-Pv-t]-bn-sb-bpw tZ-h-d-

kn-s\-bpw A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ hn-cp-≤ ap-t∂-‰-Øn-s‚ H-‰p-Imsc-∂v hn-ti-jn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v 2000 Pq¨ 13 \v kp-{_-“Wyw kzm-an ln-μp-hn¬ H-cp te-J-\w F-gp-Xp-I-bp-≠m-bn. hm-Pv-t]-bn-sb-°p-dn-®v Kp-cp-Xc-am-b a-s‰m-cp B-tcm-]-W-hpw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p-≠v. 1976 Unkw-_-dn¬ hm-Pv-t]-bn k-RvP-bv Km-‘n-bp-sS hn-iz-kv-X\pw B-`y-¥-c k-l-a-{¥n-bpam-bn-cp-∂ Hmw ta-Ø-sb kμ¿-in-°p-Ib - p-≠m-bn. N¿-®b - pam-bn _-‘-s∏-´v i-‡-am-b Hcp A-`yq-lw A-°m-e-Øv D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A-t±-lw B¿.F-kv.-F-kp-am-bp-≈ F-√m _‘-ß-fpw hn-tO-Zn-°m-sa-∂pw H- f n- h n- e p- ≈ kp- { _- “ - W yw kzm-an-sb-bpw a-‰v B¿.-F-kv.F-kv t\-Xm-°-sf-bpw kw-_‘n-® hn-hc - ß - ƒ ssI-am-dm-sa∂pw D-≈ D-d∏ - v \¬-In-bn-cp-∂ph-s{X. Cu A-`yq-l-sØ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv B N¿-® Ign-™ D-S-s\ F.-_n.-hn.]n {]h¿-Ø-I-tcm-Sv C-μn-cm-Km-‘ntbm-Sv \n-cp-]m-[n-Iw am-∏-t]£n-°m≥ hm-Pv-t]-bn \n¿-t±in-® kw-`-h-am-Wv. A-Xn-\v IqSp-X¬ i-‡n ]-I-cp-∂-Xm-Wv kp-{_-“-Wyw kzm-an X-s‚ te-J-\-Øn¬ \-S-Øn-b a-s‰mcp sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬. 1976 \-hw_¿ B-Zyw am-[-hv dm-hp aqse A-t±-l-tØm-Sv cm-Pyw hnSp-∂-Xm-Wv \-√-sX-∂pw B¿.F-kv.-F-kv.-t\-Xr-Xzw hm-Pv-t]bn-bp-sS ap≥ ssI-bn¬ Io-gS-ß¬ tc-J (Document of Surrender) X-øm-dm-°n-bn-´p-s≠∂pw 1977 P-\p-h-cn-bn¬ A-Xv \n-e-hn¬ h-cp-sa-∂pw C-μn-cmKm-‘n-sb-bpw k-Rv-P-bv Km‘n-sb-bpw Xr-]v-Xn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xn-\v A-h¿ kzm-an-sb _en-bm-Sm-°m≥ Xp-\n-bp-sa-∂pw F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. P-\m-[n-]-Xy ]p-\x-ÿm-]-\-Øn-\p th-≠n-

cm-{„ tk-hm-Zƒ Izn-‰n-¥ym k-a-c-Øn-s‚ Xo-®q-fb - n¬ h-f¿-∂ tkmjy-en-Ãv k∂≤ kwLS\bmWv cm{„ tkhmZƒ (RSD). Hcp P\m[n]Xy atXXc tkmjyenÃv C¥ybv°mbn {]h¿Øn°m≥ RSD bn¬ Aw-K-ß-fm-hp-I. _-‘-ßƒ-°v: 9447115073, 9447906356, 8086205415

bp-≈ A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ hncp-≤-k-a-c-sØ H-‰p-sIm-Sp-Øv am-∏-t]-£ \¬-In IogSß¬ tcJbn¬ H-∏p-sh-®v ]p-d-Øph-∂-h¿ Nn-e kw-ÿm-\-ßfn¬ A-Sn-b-¥n-cm-h-ÿ X-S-hpIm¿-°p th-≠n-bp-≈ s]≥j≥ {]-Xn-am-kw 20000 cq-] h-sc bm-sXm-cp e-÷-bp-an-√msX ]-‰p-∂ A-«o-e-hpw \-Ωƒ Im-Wp-I-bm-Wv. B¿.-F-kv.-Fkv 1980 se-bpw 1984 se-bpw sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨-{K n-\m-Wv ]n-¥p-W sIm-Sp-Øncp-∂-Xv. hm-Pv-t]-bn {]-[m-\-a{¥n B-bn-cp-∂ Im-e-Øv kwL-Nm-e-I≥ sI.-F-kv.-kp-Z¿i-\pw, hn.-F-®v.]n t\-Xm-hv Kncn-cm-Pv In-tjm-dpw C-μn-cm-Km‘n-sb G-‰-hpw \-√ {]-[m-\a-{¥n-sb-∂v hm-gØ v- p-Ib - pw sNbv-Xn-cp-∂p. 1976 ¬ ]p-Xn-b ]m¿-´n-°p th-≠n N¿-® \-S-∂p-sIm-≠ncn- ° p- t ºmƒ N- c ¨- k nw- K v B¿.-F-kv.-F-kn-s\ hn-iz-kn°m≥ sIm-≈n-s√-∂p ]-d-bpI-bpw ]p-Xn-b ]m¿-´n-bn¬ Ah-sc tN¿-°p-∂-Xn¬ kw-i-bßƒ D-∂-bn-°p-I-bpw sN-bvXn-cp-∂p. P-\-kw-L t\-Xm-hmbn-cp-∂ H.-]n.-Xym-Kn A-Xn-\p a-dp-]-Sn ]-d-™-Xv \n-tcm-[-\Øn-\p ti-jw kw-Lw \n-e-

\n¬-°p-∂n-s√-∂pw \n-›-bn°-s∏-Sp-∂ F-√m \n-_-‘-\I-fpw Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dm-sW-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xn\-\p-k-cn-®v B¿.F-kv.-F-kv ]n-cn-®p-hn-´v ]m¿-ń-bn¬ ]q¿-Æam-bpw e-bn-°m-sa-∂ D-d-∏pw A-h¿ \¬-In-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xn-\p hn-cp-≤-am-bn Xp-S¿-∂v A-[n-Imc-Øn¬ h-∂ P-\-Xm ]m¿-ńsb D-≈n¬ \n-∂p X-I¿-°p∂-Xn-\p th-≠n B¿.F-kv.-Fkv i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw Zzbmw-K-Xz-Øn-\p th-≠n \n-esIm-≈p-I-bp-am-Wv A-h¿ sNbv-X-Xv. 1980 ¬ A-h¿ {]-Xy£-am-bn X-s∂ C-μn-cm-Km-‘nsb ]n-¥p-W-®-Xp-h-gn B-ZysØ tIm¨-{K- n-X-c tZ-iob K-h¨-sa‚n-s\ A-ń-a-dn°m≥ tIm¨-{K- p-am-bn [mc-Wb - p-≠m-°n-sb-∂ B-tcm-]Ww km-[q-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bmWp- ≠ m- b - X v . B¿.- F - k v . - F kpw A-Xn-s‚ hn-`n-∂ cm-jv{So-b cq-]-ß-fpw h-©-\-bp-sSbpw N-Xn-bp-sS-bpw am-{X-a-√ Ip-’n-X-Xz-Øn-s‚-bpw {]Xncq]ßfmsW∂ Nncn{Xw \tc{μ tamZnbneqsSbpw AanXv j mbneqsSbpw ho≠pw ho≠pw sXfnbn®p sIm≠ncn°p∂p.

A¥¿[m-c

tUm.-sI.-{io-Ip-am¿-

-∂-U km-ln-Xy-Øn-se _-‘m-b Z-fn-Xv {]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ D-]-⁄m-Xm-hm-b I-hnbpw Z-fn-Xv kw-L¿-j k-an-Xnbp-sS ÿm-]-I-\p-am-b s{]m^.-kn-≤-enw-K-ø Pq¨ B-Zy B- g v - N - b n¬ a- c - W - a - S - ™ p. tIm-hn-Uv-˛19 tcm-K-_m-[-sb Xp-S¿-∂v H-cp am-k-Øn-te-sdbm-bn Nn-In-’-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. a-cn-°p-tºmƒ A-t±-l-Øn-\v 67 h-b- v. I¿-Æm-S-I-Øn-se cm-a-\-K-cw Pn-√-bn-se a-Km-Un {Km-a-Øn¬ 1954 s^-{_p-h-cn

\-ap-°v en-_-d¬ Nn-¥m-KX - n-°m-cm-b t\-Xm-°ƒ D-≠m-IWw. A-h¿ a-‰p hn-`m-Kß-fp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-®v {]-h¿-Øn-°m≥ I-gn-hp-≈h - c- m-IW - w.

kn-≤-enw-K-ø: I-hn-X ]-S-hm-fm-°n-b I-hn 3˛mw Xn-ø-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±lw P-\n-®-Xv. I-∂-U km-ln-Xy-Øn-se k-º-∂-am-b Z-fn-Xv km-ln-Xyim-J 1970˛-I-fn¬ B-Wv Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. Un.-B¿.-\m-K-cmPv, iq-{Z-{io-\n-hm-kv, kn-≤-enwK-ø, N-{μ-ti-J-c-]m-´o¬, sN∂-Æ hm-fn-Im¿, ]q¿-Æ-N-{μ tX-P-kzn, F-®v.-F-kv.-in-h-{]Im-iv, _n.-‰n.-e-fn-X \m-bn-Iv, Ip-am-cn ho-c-`-{Z-∏, Ko-X \m-K`q- j ≥, sI.- F - k v . - ` - K - h m≥, F¬.-l-\p-a-¥-ø, F-®v.-F¬.]p-jv-], tZ-h-\q-cp a-l-tZ-h, Im-se-Ku-U \-K-hm¿ Xp-S-ßnb-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p hn-π-h Z-fn-Xv km-ln-Xy {]-ÿm-\-Øn-se {]-ap-J¿. "]-S-hm-fm-I-s´ I-hnX' F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p Cu {]ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw. Un.- B ¿.- \ m- K - c m- P m- b n- c p- ∂ p Cu ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw cq-]-s∏-Sp-

A¥¿[m-c

Ønb-Xv. 1975˛¬ {]-Im-in-X-am-b aUn-K-cp-sS Ko-Xw kn-≤-enw-K-øbp-sS B-K-a-\w hn-fn-®-dn-bn-® I-hn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-am-Wv. 1947˛¬ B¿-°m-Wv kzm-X-{¥yw e`n-®-Xv? B kzm-X-{¥yw F-hnsS? Cu Im-hyw Z-fn-Xv {]ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ kw-L-Km-\-ambn am-dn. I-∂-U km-ln-XyØn¬ {]-_-e-am-bn \n-e-sIm≠ \-hy F-∂ km-ln-Xy -{]ÿm-\Ø - n-s‚ (1950 ˛ 1980) XpS¿-®-sb-∂ \n-e-bv-°m-Wv hn-πh Z-fn-Xv km-ln-Xy-{]-ÿm-\w D- S - s e- S p- Ø - X v . {]- a p- J - c m- b tem-lym tkm-jy-en-Ãp-I-fmbn-cp-∂ F.-sI.-cm-am-\p-P≥, tUm.-bp.-B¿.-A-\-¥-aq¿-Øn, N-{μ-ti-J-c I-ºm-c, ]n.-e-t¶jv, Kn-co-jv I¿-Wm-Uv, sI.-hn.kp-∫-Æ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cp-sS ]cn-em-f-\-bn-em-Wv hn-π-h-Z-fn-Xv

{]-ÿm-\w B-cw-`n-®-Xv. kmln-Xy-cw-KØ - v hn-πh - Z-fn-Xv {]ÿm- \ - Ø n- s ‚ B- h n¿- ` m- h tØm-sSm-∏w cm-jv-{So-b cw-KØv Z-fn-Xv bp-hm-°-fp-sS Bth-i-am-bn am-dn-b Z-fn-Xv kwL¿-j k-an-Xn F-∂ kw-L-S\-bv° - pw cq-]w \¬-In-bn-cp-∂p. Un.-B¿.-\m-K-cm-Pv, kn-≤-enw-Kø, tZ-h-\q¿ a-lm-tZ-h, aw-Keq-c hn-P-b, iq-{Z {io-\n-hm-kv F-∂n-h-cm-Wv Z-fn-Xv kw-L¿j k-an-Xn-°v cq-]w \¬-In-bXv. Aw-t_-Zv-I¿ Nn-¥-tbm-sSm∏w tem-ln-b≥ Nn-¥-bv-°pw {]m-[m-\yw \¬-Ip-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Z-fn-Xv kw-L¿-j k-an-Xnbp-sS cm-jv-{So-b \n-e-]m-Sv. 1996˛¬ {]-kn-≤o-Ir-X-amb "{Km-a-aq-e' (Du-cp-tI-cn) kn≤-enw-K-ø-bp-sS B-ﬂ-I-Y-bmWv. ]n-∂o-Sv 2000-˛e - pw 2006˛-epw Du-cp-tI-cn-bp-sS c-≠pw aq-∂pw

`m-K-ßƒ A-t±-lw {]-kn-≤s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. B-Zy-`mK-Øv Z-fn-Xv Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚ t\¿-°m-gvN - I - f - m-Wv tc-Js - ∏-SpØn-b-Xv. I¿-Æm-S-I-Øn-se {Km-a-ß-fn¬ Z-fn-Xv k-aq-lßƒ Im-e-ß-fm-bn A-\p-`-hn®p h-∂ hn-th-N-\-Øn-t‚-bpw sXm-´p-Iq-Sm-bva - b - p-sS-bpw ]o-V\-ß-fp-tS-bpw lr-Z-bm-h¿-÷I-am-b Nn-{Xw X-s‚ kz-X-kn≤-am-b \¿-Ω-Øn-t‚-bpw {]Xn-tj-[-Øn-t‚-bpw A-I-º-Sntbm-Sp-Iq-Sn tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xn¬ kn-≤-enw-K-ø A-km-[mc-W-am-b hn-[-Øn¬ hn-P-bn®n-´p-≠v. F-{X Ku-c-h-X-c-am-b hn-j-b-hpw \¿-Ω-Øn¬ s]mXn-™v ]-cn-lm-k-tZym-X-I-ambn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ A\n-X-c-km-[m-c-W-am-b an-I-hmWv kn-≤-enw-K-ø {]-Z¿-in-∏n-®Xv. Du-cp-tI-cn-bp-sS c-≠pw aq∂pw `m-K-ß-fn¬ Z-fn-Xv kwL¿-j k-an-Xn-bp-sS t\-Xm-sh∂ \n-e-bn-epw hn-[m≥ k-`m Aw- K - s a- ∂ \n- e - b n- e p- a p- ≈ kn-≤e - nw-Kø - b - p-sS {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß-fm-Wv A-hX - c - n-∏n-®n-´p-≈X - v. A-Xv "tem-I-ta, \n-t∂m-Sv Hcp hm-°v' F-∂ t]-cn¬ kwKo-X-⁄-\pw ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I\p-am-b F-kv.-B¿.-cm-a-Ir-jvW Cw-•o-jn¬ ]-cn-`m-j-s∏-SpØn {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Z-fn-Xv kw-L¿-j-k-an-Xn ap-Jy-am-bpw Aw-t_-Zv-°-dp-sS B-i-b-ß-fm-Wv ]n≥-Xp-S¿-∂Xv. {]-ap-J-cm-b B-Zy-Im-e t\Xm-°ƒ ]-e-cpw tem-ly Nn¥- ]n≥-]-‰n-b tkm-jy-en-Ãv B-i-b-K-Xn-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂o-Sv h-∂ X-e-ap-d-bn¬ am¿Iv-kn-Ãv ˛ se-\n-\n-Ãv ]m-X ]n¥p-S-cp-∂-h-cp-ap-≠m-bn. X-XzNn-¥b - n-se k-am-\k - z-`m-hØ - ns‚ A-`m-hw kw-LS- \ - s - b Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\v h-gn-h®p. 2000 B-≠v B-Ip-tºm-tg°v ]-e hn-`m-K-ß-fm-bn Z-fn-Xv

kw-L¿-j-k-an-Xn th¿-]n-cn™p. A-Xn¬ G-sd Zpx-Jn-X\m-bn-cp-∂p kn-≤-enw-K-ø. Un.F-kv.-F-kv Pm-Xn-hn-cp-≤-{]ÿm-\-am-bn-´m-Wv cq-]o-I-cn-°s∏-´-Xv. Pm-Xn-\n¿-Ωq-e-\-am-bncp-∂p e-£yw. {I-ta-W A-Xv Z-fn-Xv kz-Xz-cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ h-‡m-°-fm-bn am-dn. k-h¿Æ¿-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ ]-I-bpw hn-tZz-j-hpw A-Xn-s‚ ap-J-ap{Z- b m- b n. P- \ m- [ n- ] - X y- a q- e yßƒ kw-L-S-\-bv-°v \-jv-S-ambn. kn-≤-enw-K-ø-bp-sS B-ZyIm-e I-hn-X-I-fn¬ Z-fn-X¿ A\p-`-hn-®n-cp-∂ ]o-V-\-ßƒs°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ I-Sp-Ø-tcmjw {]-Xn-^-en-®n-cp-∂p. Z-fn-Xcp-sS ]o-V-\-I-Y-Iƒ A-h-Xcn-∏n-®v k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ k-lXm-]w t\-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√ kn-≤-enw-K-ø-bp-sS D-t±-iyw. adn-®v Z-fn-X-sc t]m-cm-´-Øn-te°v \-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\v h-gn-Im-´nbm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Ihn-X-Iƒ. F-∂m¬ Im-e-{I-aØn¬ ]-I-bp-sS cm-jv-{So-bw k-a-\z-b-Øn-t‚-bpw k-l-h¿Øn-Xz-Øn-t‚-bpw cm-jv-{So-bam-bn ]-cn-W-an-°p-∂-Xv kn-≤enw-K-ø-bn¬ Im-Wm≥ I-gn™p. Z-fn-X-cp-sS am-{Xw ap-t∂‰w sIm-≠v Pm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ-sb X-I¿-°m≥ I-gn-bn-s√-∂v At±-lw Xn-cn-®-dn-™p. Z-fn-Xv-˛iq- { Z- ˛ - ] n- ∂ m- ° P- \ - h n- ` m- K ßƒ tbm-Pn-®v \n-∂v s]m-cpXn-bm¬ am-{X-ta Pm-Xn \n¿Ωm¿-÷-\w km-≤y-am-Iq F∂v A- t ±- l w a- \ - n- e m- ° n. 1990˛-I-fn¬ B-cw-`n-® kz-Imcy-hX - v° - c - W - , B-tKm-fh - ¬-°c-W \-b-ßƒ F-√m-hn-`m-Kw ]n-∂m-° P-\-ßƒ-°pw lm-\nI-c-am-sW-∂pw A-Xp-h-sc e`y-am-bn-cp-∂ B-\p-Iq-ey-ßfpw A-h-k-c-ß-fpw F-√m-h¿°pw \-jSv- a - m-Ip-sa-∂p-ap-≈ Xncn-®d - n-hv A-t±-lØ - n-\p-≠m-bn.

hn-im-e-am-b H-cp en-_-d¬ kJyw cq-]-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xn-s‚ B-h-iyw A-t±-lw Xn-cn-®-dnbp-I-bpw A-Xv X-s‚ kp-lrØp-°-sf t_m-≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xn-\v {i-an-°p-I-bpw sN-bvXp. A-Xn-\v I-gn-bm-sX h-∂t∏mƒ A-t±-lw \n-cm-i-\m-bn. Un.-F-kv.-F-kn-\v kw-`-hn-® XI¿-®-sb kw-_-‘n-®v A-t±lw ]-d-™-Xv C-Xm-Wv. ""C∂v A-sXm-cp k-Ω¿-± i-‡ntb A-√. `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-\v AXn-s\ Ku-\n-t°-≠ Im-cy-an√. A-Xv A-{X-°v A-{]-k-‡am-bn. ]-Iz-X-bp-≈ t\-Xr-Xzw A-Xn-\n-√. Nn-X-dn-t∏m-b F-√m L-S-I-ß-fpw Iq-Sn tN¿-∂psIm-≠v s]m-Xp-hm-b {]-iv-\ßƒ-°v th-≠n t]m-cm-Sp-∂ H-cp kw-L-S-\-bm-bn A-Xv ]p\¿-P-\n-°p-sa-∂v Xm≥ B-in°p-∂p. \n¿-`m-Ky-h-im¬ X-XzNn-¥m-]-c-am-bn h-en-b iq-\yX-bm-Wv. F-√m ]p-tcm-Ka - \ - - {]ÿm-\-ß-fp-tS-bpw A-h-ÿ C-Xm-Wv. \-ap-°v en-_-d¬ Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m-cm-b t\-Xm-°ƒ D-≠m-I-Ww. A-h¿ a-‰p hn-`mK-ßf - p-am-bn k-lI - c - n-®v {]-h¿Øn- ° m≥ I- g n- h p- ≈ - h - c m- I Ww. Z-fn-Xv A-\p-Iq-e \n-e-]mSv D-≈ F-√m-h-tc-bpw k-l-Icn-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-b-Ww.'' k-¶pNn-X Aw-t_-Zv-°-ssd-‰v cm-jv{So-bØ - n¬ \n-∂v hn-Ik - n-®v en_-d¬ tkm-jy-en-Ãv Nn-¥-bnte-°v ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\w sN-bv-X kn-≤-enw-K-ø-sb h-©-I-\m-bn´m-Wv ]p-Xn-b X-e-ap-d Z-fn-Xv t\-Xm-°ƒ Im-Wp-∂-sX-∂v A-t±-lw th-Z-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn {]Xn-I-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ""Z-fn-Xv cm-jv-{So-b {]-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ Hcp X-c-Øn-ep-≈ a-X-{`m-¥n-\v k-am-\-am-b bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-IXzw _m-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]-e hn`m-K-ß-fpw Z-fn-Xv B¿.-F-kv.F-kn-s\-t∏m-se-bm-Wv {]-h¿Øn-°p-∂X - v. A-h¿-°v X-Xz-Nn-

A¥¿[m-c

¥m-]-c-am-b A-Sn-Ø-d-bn-√. k-ºq¿-Æ-am-b km-aq-ln-I-am‰-sØ kw-_-‘n-®p-≈ t_m[-an-√. A-h-cp-sS {]-h¿-Ø-\ßƒ hy-‡ym-[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv. Aw-t_-Zv-°-dp-sS B-i-b-ßsf- ∏ - ‰ n- t bm, I- Ω yq- W n- Ã v , tkm-jy-en-Ãv Nn-¥-I-sf kw_-‘n-t®m hy-‡-am-b [m-cW-bn-√. Z-fn-tX-X-c P-\-hn-`mK-ß-fn¬, Z-fn-X-tcm-Sv k-a-`mh-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn s]-cp-am-dp-∂ h-en-b H-cp hn-`m-Kw C-∂v \ne-hn-ep-≠v. A-h-sc Iq-Sn Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn Z-fn-Xv A-\p-Iq-e cmjv{- So-bw cq-]s - ∏-Sp-ØW - w. AXn-\v hn-im-e-am-b P-\m-[n-]Xy- t _m- [ w th- W w. C- ∂ sØ Z-fn-Xv t\-Xm-°ƒ-°v AXn-\v I-gn-bp-∂n-√. 2016˛¬ C-¥y≥ F-Iv-kv{]-kn-\v A-\p-h-Zn-® H-cp A`n-ap-J-Øn¬ kn-≤-enw-K-ø {]Xn-I-cn-®-Xv C-ß-s\-bm-Wv. ""Zfn-Xv hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fn¬ Awt_-Zv-°-sd kw-_-‘n-®v h-fsc D-]-cn-π-h-am-b A-dn-hv am{X-ta D-≈q. I-gn-™ 2000 h¿j-ß-fm-bn A-\p-`-hn-® ]o-V\-ß-fp-sS t]-cn¬ a-‰p k-apZm-b-ß-tfm-Sv I-Sp-Ø-X ]-Ibpw hn-tZz-j-hp-am-Wv A-h-cpsS ap-J-ap-{Z. Z-fn-Xv Nn-¥-I-fpsS A-Sn-Ø-´n¬ ]-I-ho-´p-∂Xn-\p-≈ B-th-i-am-Wp-≈-Xv. C-Xv Z-fn-X¿-°v X-s∂-bpw kaq-l-Øn-\m-sI-bpw A-]-I-SI-c-am-Wv. lnw-k-bp-sS cm-jv{So-b-Øn-\v P-\m-[n-]-Xy-k-aql-Øn¬ ÿm-\-an-√. Aw-t_Zv-°-dn-s‚ cm-jv-{So-bw kr-jvSn-]-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-t±-lw Zfn-X-cp-sS {]-iv-\-ß-sf tcm-jØn-t‚-bpw ]-I-bp-tS-bpw IÆm-Sn-bn¬ Iq-Sn-b-√ Z¿-in-®Xv. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-bp-d® P-\m-[n-]-Xy-t_m-[-am-Wv C-¥y≥ `-c-W-L-S-\-bv-°v \nZm-\-am-b-Xv. Z-fn-Xv kw-L-S-\Iƒ C-Xv hn-kv-a-cn-°-cp-Xv.''

A¥¿[m-c

kn-≤e - nw-Kø -

""1960

I-fp-sS B-Zyw I-∂-U km-ln-Xy-k-tΩ-f≥ \- S - Ø n- ∏ p- I m¿ I¿- Æ m- S - I Øn-s‚ hn-hn-[ `m-K-ß-fn¬ {K- Ÿ - i m- e - I ƒ Xp- S - ß n. Rm≥ A-∂v {io-cmw-]p-c-ØmWv Xm-a-kw. A-hn-sS A-SpØ-Sp-Øm-bn I-∂-U {K-Ÿim-e-bpw X-an-gv {K-Ÿ-im-ebpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. c-≠n-SØpw I-∂-U-˛ X-an-gv {K-Ÿß-fpw am-kn-I-I-fpw e-`y-ambn-cp-∂p. Cu {K-Ÿ-im-e-Ifn¬ Rm-s\m-cp ÿn-cw kμ¿-i-I-\m-bn. A-hn-sS Fs∂ B-I¿-jn-®X - v \-thm-Zb - , \-hy- im-J-I-fn-se Ir-Xn-Ifm-bn-cp-∂p. _m-k-h-cm-P Im´n a-Wn-bp-sS "kzm-X-{¥y-Ønte-°v', in-h-cm-a-Im-c-¥n-s‚ "tNm-a-s‚ Xp-Sn', A-\-¥-aq¿Øn-bp-sS "kw-kvI - m-c', F-∂nh F-\n-°v G-sd {]n-b-s∏-´Xm- b n. ti- j m- { Zn- ] p- c - s Ø tlm-Ã-en¬ F-t∂m-sSm-∏w D-≠m-bn-cp-∂ _m-k-h-Æ F∂ kv-t\-ln-X≥ "A-h-Xm-c]p-cp-j-\m-b Aw-t_-Zv-I¿' F-∂ ]p-kv-X-Iw hm-bn-°m≥ X-∂p. B ]p-kv-X-Iw F-s∂ kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw H-cp h- g n- Ø n- c n- h m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Ipt_m¨ ]m¿-°n-se tÃ-‰v sk≥- { S¬ sse- { _- d n- b n¬ Aw-K-Xz-sa-Sp-°m≥ Rm≥ Xøm-dm-bn. C-¥y-bn-se Z-fn-Xv t]m-cm-´-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw a-lmﬂ ^q-se, jm-lp a-lm-cmPv, Aw-t_-Zv-°¿ Xp-S-ßn-b a-lm-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®pw e-`y-ambn-cp-∂ F-√m Ir-Xn-I-fpw Rm≥ hm-bn-®p. B k-a-bØv Rm≥ I-hn-X-Iƒ F-gpXn-Øp-S-ßn. R-ßƒ Xm-akn-®n-cp-∂ tlm-Ã-en-se `£-Ww Xo-sc tam-i-am-bn-cp∂p. hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fn¬ ]-e-

cpw tcm-K-_m-[n-X-cm-bn. tNmf-Øn¬ \n-∂p-≠m-°n-b ]p-emhv I- g n- ® v Ip- ´ n- I - f p- s S a- e Øn¬ c-‡w D-≠m-bn. ""A-h¿ R-ßƒ-°v tNm-fw X-∂p. A-h¿ R-ßƒ-°v ]-bdpw I-S-e-bpw X-∂n-√. R-ßfp-sS hn-k¿-÷y-Øn¬ c-‡w D-≠v. F-∂n-´pw A-h¿ R-ßƒ°v dm-Kn-bpw tKm-X-ºpw X∂n√.'' Cu I-hn-X Iq-´p-Im¿-°v C-jv-S-s∏-´p. A-h¿ A-Xv kwL-Km-\-am-bn B-e-]n-®p \-S∂p. F-\n-°-Xv h-en-b {]-tNmZ-\-am-bn. Rm≥ ho-≠pw I-hnX-Iƒ F-gp-Xn. {io-cmw-]p-c-Øv Po-hn-®n-cp∂ tUm. -_n-en-Kn-cn cw-K-ø hf-sc {]-i-kv-X-\m-b A-`n-`m-jI-\m-bn-cp-∂p. D-{K-im-k-\-\mb A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ I-Æn¬-s∏Sm-sX c-£-s∏-Sp-I hn-Zym¿∞n-Iƒ-°v I-Sp-Ø ]-co-£bm-bn-cp-∂p. tlm-Ã-en¬ Xma- k n- ° p- ∂ Ip- ´ n- I - s f h- g nbn¬ sh-®p I-≠m¬ hn-hn-[ Cw-•o-jv hm-°p-If - pw ÿ-e\ - ma-ß-fpw sX-‰p-Iq-Sm-sX D-®-cn°m≥ B-h-iy-s∏-Spw. i-cn-bmbn D-®c - n-°m≥ I-gn-™m¬ Ah kw- ⁄ - t bm, {]- X n- k w⁄-tbm F-∂m-Ipw tNm-Zyw, A-Xpw i-cn-bm-bm¬ A-Sp-Ø

B-ﬂ-I-Y

tNm-Zyw h-cpw, B ]-Z-ß-fp-sS enw-Kw G-Xm-Wv? A-hn-sS sX‰p-h-∂m¬ B Ip-ń-sb A-t±lw a¿-±n-°pw. \-K-c-Øn-s‚ sX-cp-hn-eq-sS tlm-Ã¬ hnZym¿- ∞ n- I ƒ Hm- S p- ∂ - X p I≠m¬ A-Xn-\¿-∞w, _n-en-Kncn cw-Kø - A-Xp-hg - n h-cp-∂p-≠v F- ∂ m- W v . A- t ±- l - Ø n- s ‚ tNm-Zy-ß-fn¬ \n-∂v c-£-s∏Sp-∂-Xn-\v Ip-ń-Iƒ Ip-fn-ap-dnI-fn¬ I-b-dn Iq-´-tØm-sS Hfn-®n-cn-°pw. F-∂m¬ H-cn-°¬ t]m-epw F-\n-°v _n-en-Kn-cn cwK-ø-bp-sS X-√v hm-tß-≠n h∂n-ń-√. H-cp Zn-h-kw Rm-s\gp-Xn-b I-hn-X-I-fp-am-bn A-t±l-Øn-s‚ ho-ń¬ sN-∂p. Hcp ]-cn-Nm-c-I≥ {i-≤-tbm-sS A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ hn-c-ep-I-fn-se \-Jw ap-dn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. \me-©v B-fp-Iƒ A-t±-l-Øns‚ Np-‰pw \n¬-∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. A-t±-lw C-Sb - ° v- n-S° - v •m n¬ \n-∂v Nm-b sam-Øn-°pSn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. A-t±-lw Dt∑-j-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ hf-sc B-Z-c-thm-sS A-t±-lsØ \-an-®p. F-s‚ {]m-b-Ønep-≈ H-cp Ip-ń-bpw A-t±-lsØ Im- W m≥ sN- ∂ n- ´ n- √ . "F-¥n-s\-Sm ss]-X-te \o h-

∂-Xv?' Kw-`o-c-am-b i-_v-Zw Db¿-∂p. "Rm≥ Nn-e I-hn-XIƒ F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. A-ßv Ah hm-bn-®v A-`n-{]m-bw ]-d™m¬ \-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.' I-hnX- I ƒ Hm- t cm- ∂ m- b n hm- b n°m≥ F-t∂m-Sm-hi - y-s∏-´p. Ihn-X-Iƒ A-t±-l-Øn-\v \-∂mbn C-jv-S-s∏-´p. I-Æp-Iƒ hnI-kn-®p. I-hnƒ-Ø-S-ßƒ Nph-∂p Xp-Sp-Øp. A-t±-l-Øns‚ a-°-sf A-Sp-Øv hn-fn-®n-´v ]-d-™p. "t\m-°q! C-bmƒ F{X \-∂m-bn I-hn-X c-Nn-°p∂p. \n-ß-sf-s°m-≠v F-¥n\v sIm-≈mw? H-cp a-c° - j - W - w F-Sp-Øv B Ip-´n-I-sf A-t±lw \n¿-±-bw X-√n. A-ev-]w Ign-™-t∏mƒ A-t±-lw im-¥\m-bn. F-t∂m-Sv H-cp I-tk-cbn¬ C-cn-°m≥ B-hi - y-s∏-´p. F-√m-Zn-h-k-hpw Hm-tcm I-hn-X F-gp-Xn A-t±-l-sØ sNm-√n tIƒ-∏n-°-W-sa-∂v B-h-iys∏-´p. H-cp I-hn-X-bv-°v H-cp cq] ]m-cn-tXm-jn-Iw. Rm≥ hmin-tbm-sS I-hn-X-Iƒ F-gp-Xn. A-t±-l-Øn¬ \n-∂v ]m-cn-tXmjn-Iw e-`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. 1968 G-{]n¬ 14 \v Aw-t_Zv-°¿ Zn-\-Øn¬ Su¨-lmfn¬ sh-®p \-S-∂ k-tΩ-f-\-

Øn¬ 15 h-b- v am-{X-ap-≈ Rm≥ Aw-t_-Zv-°-sd A-\pkv-a-cn-®v {]-kw-Kn-®p. kw-ÿm\ ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂ ho-tc{μ-]m-ó¬, ssl-t°m-S-Xn PUv-Pn sI.-ò-a-ø, No-^v sk-{I´-dn `m-c-\-ø, a-{¥n _n.-cm-®ø F-∂n-h¿ ]-s¶-Sp-Ø tbmK-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. tkm-jy-enÃv t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂ im-¥-thcn tKm-]m-e-Ku-U-bm-bn-cp-∂p ap-Jy-{]-`m-j-I≥. A-t±-lw Km-‘n, tem-ly, Aw-t_-Zv° - ¿ Nn-¥-I-sf Xm-c-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øns°m-≠v A-h-bp-sS kw-t«-jW-sØ-°p-dn-®v kw-km-cn-®p. F-\n-°v Iq-Sp-X-em-sbm-∂pw a\- n-em-bn-√. F-¶n-epw- tKm]m- e - K u- U ]- d - ™ Im- c yßƒ F-s‚ `m-hn cm-jv-{So-b Nn-¥-I-sf Im-cy-am-bn kzm-[o\n-®p. am-{X-a-√, tKm-]m-e-KuV-bp-am-bn Iq-Sp-X¬ A-Sp-ØnS-]-g-Im-\pw ]n-∂o-Sv F-\n-°v I-gn-™p. Aw-t_-Zv-°s-- d- A\p-kva - c - n-®p s - Im-≠p-≈ F-s‚ {]-kw-Kw F-√m-h¿-°pw G-sd C-jv-S-s∏-´p. ho-tc-{μ-]m-ó-epw cm-®-ø-bpw A-h¿-°v e-`n-® ]pjv-]- lm-c-ßƒ F-s‚ I-gpØn¬ A-Wn-bn-®p. tKm-]m-eKu-V hm-’-ey-tØm-sS Fs∂ B-t«-jn-®p. Im-Wn-Iƒ F- \ n- ° v [m- c m- f w \m- W - b ßƒ \¬-In. B kw-`-hw F\n-°v h-en-b {]-tNm-Z-\-am-bn. {]-kw-K -a-’-c-ß-fn¬ kv-Iqfn-s\ {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®v a-‰p kvIq-fp-I-fn¬ t]m-Ip-∂-Xv ]-Xnhm-bn. A-ß-s\ ssa-kq-cn¬ H-cp tIm-tf-Pn¬ F-s∂ {]kw-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\v £-Wn-®p. A-hn-Sp-sØ Ip-ń-Iƒ F-s∂ h-∂v Iq-ń-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn. {]kw-Kw I-gn-™v A-h¿ F-s∂ Nm-ap-Wv-Un ln¬-kv Im-Wn°m≥ sIm-≠p-t]m-bn. _-kth-iz-c-s‚ {]-Xn-a F-s∂ \∂m-bn B-I¿-jn-®p. Xn-cn-sI t]m-cp-tºmƒ h-gn-s®-e-hn-\p-

A¥¿[m-c

≈ ]-W-hpw \¬-In-bm-Wv Ah¿ F-s∂ bm-{X-bm-°n-b-Xv. Aw-t_-Zv-°-sd A-\p-kv-acn-®v kw-km-cn-°p-tºmƒ Akm-[m-c-W-am-b Nn-e k-μ¿-`ßƒ A- S ¿- Ø n- s b- S p- Ø v Rm≥ kw-km-cn-°pw. ]-e IY-Iƒ-°pw sF-Xn-ly-Øn-s‚ ]-cn-th-j-am-Wp-≠m-hp-I, Awt_-Zv-°-dp-sS Ip-ń-°m-e-Øv A-t±-lØ - n-s‚ ho-ń¬ C-cp-∂v ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn-\v B-h-iy-am-b ÿ-e-hpw ku-I-cy-hpw D-≠mbn-cp-∂n-√. ho-Sn-\v Ip-d-®-I-sebp-≈ H-cp a-c-Øn¬ I-b-dn Ccp-∂m-Wv Aw-t_-Zv-°¿ ]p-kvX-Iw hm-bn-°p-I. a-c-Øn¬ Ib-dp-∂-Xn-\v A-t±-l-Øn-\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ Xmtg-°v Du¿-∂v C-d-ßp-∂-Xv Fß-s\-sb-∂v A-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p. ]T-\w I-gn-bp-tºmƒ a-cs°m-ºn¬ \n-∂v Xm-tg-°v NmSp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]-Xn-hv. H-cp Znh-kw A-ß-s\ a-c-Øn¬ \n∂v Xm-tg-°v Nm-Sn-bX - v Nm-c° - qºm-c-Øn-te-°v B-bn-cp-∂p. I-cn-bn-e Iq-ń-bn-´v I-Øn-®v Nmc- a p- ≠ m- b - X m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Nm- c -

A¥¿[m-c

Øn¬ \n-∂v F-gp-t∂-‰p h-∂ Aw-t_-Zv-°-sd t\m-°n A-t±l-Øn-s‚ Iq-´p-Im¿ _q-Un-ktl-_v (Nm-c-Øn¬ ho-W kmtl-_v) F-∂v I-fn-bm-°n. Awt_-Zv-°¿ Iq-´p-Im-tcm-Sv {]-XnI-cn-®-Xv C-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. "C-∂v \n-ßƒ F-s∂ _q-Unkm-tl-_v F-∂v hn-fn-®p I-fnbm-°n. H-cp Zn-h-kw \n-ßƒ°v F-s∂ _m-_ km-tl-_v F-∂v hn-fn-t°-≠-Xm-bn h-cpw. A-£-cm¿-∞-Øn¬ k-Xy-ambn Xo¿-∂ {]-h-N-\-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. a-s‰m-cp-I-Y C-ß-s\-bmWv. Aw-t_-Zv-°-dn-\v kz-¥-ambn h-en-b ]p-kv-X-I ti-J-cw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. H-cp-Zn-h-kw Hcp ]-Wv-Un-X≥ A-hn-sS h-∂p. Aw- t _- Z v - ° - s d I- f n- b m- ° ns°m- ≠ v ]- d - ™ p, "Xm- ¶ ƒ Cu ]p-kv-X-I-ßƒ sh-dpw Imgv-N h-kv-Xp-hm-bn h-®n-cn-°p-Ib-s√? C-Xn¬ H-sc-Æ-sa-¶nepw ap-gp-h-\m-bn hm-bn-®n-´pt≠m? Aw-t_-Zv-°-dn-\v I-e-iem-b tZ-jyw h-∂p. ]-Wv-UnX-s\ sh-√p-hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠v ]d-™p. A-ßv G-Xv ]p-kv-X-Iw th-W-sa-¶n-epw F-Sp-Øv t\m°q! Xm-¶ƒ ]-d-bp-∂ G-Xp t]-Pn-epw F-¥m-Wv D-≈-S-°sa-∂v Rm≥ Im-Wm-sX ]-dbmw. H-∂p c-≠p ]p-kv-X-Ißƒ F-Sp-Øv Aw-t_-Zv-°-dpsS ⁄m-\w ]-cn-tim-[n-°p-∂Xn-\v ]-Wv-Un-X≥ X-øm-dm-bn. h-fs - c Ir-Xy-Xt- bm-sS A-hb - psS D-≈S- ° - w hn-iZ- a - m-°p-∂X - n\v Aw-t_-Zv-°-dn-\v I-gn-™p. ]-Wv-Un-X≥ C-fn-`y-\m-bn. Awt_-Zv-°-dp-sS ap-∂n¬ km-jvSmw-Kw {]-W-an-®v £-a tNm-Zn®p. Aw-t_-Zv-°-sd kw-_-‘n®p-≈ C-Ø-cw I-Y-Iƒ F-s‚ {]-kw-K-ß-fn¬ \n-d-™p-\n∂p. A-ß-s\ A-h-Xm-c ]p-cpj-\m-bpw an-in-l-bm-bpw c-£I-\m-bpw Aw-t_-Zv-°-dn-\v A-

am-\p-j ]-cn-th-jw \¬-In Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®X - v Z-fn-Xv bp-hm-°s - f h-√m-sX B-I¿-jn-®p. A-h-cpsS kz-Xzw Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\v A-Xv k-lm-bn-®p. B-ﬂm-`n-am\ t{]-cn-X-am-bn k-h¿-Æm-[n]-Xy-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-bn cm-jv{- So-bam-bn kw-L-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-\v Z-fnXv bp-hm-°-sf C-Xv k-lm-bn®p. I¿-Æm-S-I-Øn-se km-aqln-I t£-a-a-{¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂ _n.-_m-kh - e - nw-K∏ - Z-fn-Xc - p-sS i-_vZ- a - m-bn-cp-∂p. A-hk - c - Ø - nepw A-\-h-k-c-Øn-epw k-h¿Æ hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´ cm-jv-{Sob t\-Xm-°-sf-bpw km-ln-XyIm-c-∑m-tc-bpw A-[n-t£-]n°p-∂-Xv A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ ioe-am-bn-cp-∂p. I-∂-U km-lnXy-k-tΩ-f-s‚ hm¿-jn-I tbmK-Øn¬ _m-k-h-enw-K-∏ kh¿-Æ km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-sc B-t£-]n-®p kw-km-cn-®p. Ah-sc-√mw sh-dpw c-≠mw-In-S km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cm-sW-∂pw A-h-cp-sS km-ln-Xyw sh-dpw N-h-dm-sW-∂pw A-t±-lw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´p. k-h¿-Æ cm-jv{So-b t\-Xm-°-fpw km-ln-XyIm-c-∑m-cpw {]-tIm-]n-X-cm-bn _m-k-h-enw-K-∏-bv-s°-Xn-cm-bn A-Wn-\n-c-∂p. I-em-e-b-ßƒ kw-L¿-j-`-cn-X-am-bn. k-h¿Æ-˛-Z-fn-Xv hn-`m-K-ßƒ X-Ωn¬ Xp-d-∂ G-‰p-ap-´-ep-Iƒ D-≠mbn. I-em-] k-am-\-am-b kml-N-cyw {Km-a-ß-fn-epw \-K-cß-fn-epw A-c-tß-dn. _m-k-henw-K-∏-°v a-{¥n-ÿm-\w cm-Pn h-bv-t°-≠n h-∂p. Z-fn-X¿-°p t\-sc-bp-≠m-b A-{I-a-ß-sf {]-Xn-tcm-[n-°p-∂X - n-\p th-≠nbm-Wv Z-fn-Xv kw-L¿-j k-anXn-°v cq-]w sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv. hnπ-h Z-fn-Xv km-ln-Xy-hpw Z-fnXv kw-L¿-j k-an-Xn-bpw Ahn-`m-Py Zz-μz-ß-fm-bn. (Du-cp-tI-cn: kn-≤-enw-K-ø-bpsS B-ﬂ-I-Y-bn¬ \n-∂v)

Im-º-bn≥

A-Ω-am-cp-sS \n-e-hn-fn \n-e-bv-°p-∂n-√ k-Po-hv sI F-kv

C-√, C-\n-bpw N-Øp Xo¿∂n-´n-√ B a-°ƒ. I-Æ-S-bv°m-\m-bn-´n-√ B A-Ωa - m¿-°v. I-Y-bm-bpw I-hn-X-bm-bpw kn\n-a-bm-bpw F-¥n-\v A-¥n-®¿®-bn-se Nq-S≥ hm-Kzm-Z-am-bpw B-tLm-jn-°-s∏-´ B a-°ƒ°v B-bp- n-s‚ ]m-Xn-tbm-fam-bn-t´-bp-≈q. C-\n-bpw H-cp ]m-Sv I-bv-∏v Ip-Sn-®p Xo¿-°m≥

_m-°n-bp-≠v. F-∂n-´pw, C-hn-sS H-cp X¿°w _m-°n. A-h-sc sIm-√ms°m-e sN-bv-X-Xv Io-S-\m-in\n X-s∂-tbm? tNm-Zn-°p-∂-Xv im-kv-{X-sØ a-X-am-bn B-Ncn-°p-∂ bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-I imkv-{X hn-izm-kn-Iƒ am-{X-a-√. Zp-c-¥ \n-hm-c-W-Øn-\p ap≥I-sø-Sp-t°-≠ I-eI - vS- ¿ t{_m Iq-sS-bm-Wv. C-bmƒ-°n-sX-¥p]-‰n F-∂p tNm-Zn-°m≥ h-cs - ´. aq-∂p-sIm-√-am-bn Cu kw-ib-tcm-Kn-sb Nn-In-’n-°m-t\m, Np-a-X-e-bn¬ \n-∂v H-gn-hm-°mt\m X-øm-dm-hm-Ø, F-√mw icn-bm-°m≥ C-d-ßn-Øn-cn-® Hcp Iq-´-cp-≠-t√m A-ßv A-\¥-]p-cn-bn¬. A-h-cp-sS a-t\m\n-e-Iq-Sn ]-cn-tim-[n-°-s∏-SWw. A-©m-dv h¿-j-ßƒ-°p ap-ºv A-[n-Im-cw Xn-cn-®p ]n-Sn°m≥ ]- S - t bm- ´ - a m- c w- ` n- ® - X v Cu Po-h-—-h-ß-sf km-£n\n¿-Øn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v Ah¿ a-d-∂p Im-Wp-tam? A-∂v {]-Nc - W - cw-KØ - v C-∂s - Ø apJy-a-{¥n-bpw X-t±-i-kzw-bw-`c-W- a-{¥n-bpw ]-d-™-Xv Hm¿-

F≥-tUm-kƒ-^m≥ : th-≠-Xv cm-{„o-b Xo-cp-am-\w °p-∂ a-\- m-£n a-c-hn-®n´n-√m-Ø Ip-d-®p thm-´¿-am-sc¶n-epw \-ap-°n-S-bn-ep-≠m-Ipw. In-´p-∂-sXm-s° A-I-Øm°m≥ B¿-Øn-]q-≠v Hm-Sn \S-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ Cu ]m-hw a-\p-jy-sc a-d-∂p-t]m-b bp.Un.-F-^n-s\ hn-Nm-c-W sN-bvXp-sIm-≠v A-h¿ A-∂v BW-bn-´p. Cu l-X-`m-Ky¿-°v \o- X n e- ` y- a m- ° p- I - b m- b n- c n°pw X-ßƒ `-c-W-Øn¬ h∂m¬ B-Zyw sN-øp-I. h¿-jw B-dm-bn, c-≠mw Du-g-Øn-emWv F¬.-Un.-F-^v k¿-°m¿. A-c-W-tb-°mƒ a-d-hn-bp-≈ (im-kv-{X-hm-Zn-Iƒ £-an-°Ww, H-cp ]m-hw \m-S≥ ]-gsam-gn-bm-Wv) thm-´¿-am¿ ]p-Xnb hm-KZv- m-\ß - ƒ-°p ]n-∂m-se ]m-™v ho-≠pw Np-a-X-e sI´n-tb¬-∏n-®-t∏mƒ k¿-°m-dns‚ `m-hw am-dn, A-P-≠-Iƒ am-dn. {]m-tZ-in-I-am-bn Nn-In’m-ku-I-cy-ßƒ e-`n-®n-s√¶n- s e- ¥ v , \m- e p- a - W n- ° q¿ sIm- ≠ v A- \ - ¥ - ] p- c n- b n- s e "{io Nn-Øn-c' t]m-ep-≈ an-I® B-ip-]-{Xn-I-fn-se-Øm≥ \n-ew-sXm-Sm-sX ]m-bp-∂ sI˛-sd-bn¬ ]-≤-Xn D-S≥ sIm≠p-h-cp-a-t√m? sI-˛-sd-bn-ens‚ sN-e-hv 65000 tIm-Sn. ]t£ F≥-tUm-kƒ-^m≥ Zpcn-X-_m-[n-X¿-°v kp-{]ow-tImS-Xn \n¿-t±-in-® \-jv-S-]-cn-lmc-Xp-I 217 tIm-Sn sIm-Sp-°m≥

A¥¿[m-c

]-W-an-√-t{X! [q¿-Øn-s‚-bpw sIm-≈bp-tS-bpw Cu-hn-[ hn-I-k-\w A-`n-am-\a - m-bn I-cp-Xp-∂ a-[yh¿-§-Øn-s‚ ss]-¶n-fn kz-]v\-ß-fp-sS Nn-d-tI-dn h-∂ Hcp k¿-°m-dn¬ \n-∂v a-s‰-¥v {]-Xo-£n-°m≥? Zp-c-¥-Øn-s‚ B-Zy-\m-fpI-fn¬ K-th-j-W-ß-fp-am-sbØn-b im-kv-{X kw-L-S-\-Isf-hn-sS? Io-S-\m-in-\n-°-º\n-s°-Xn-sc tI- p \-S-Ønb, sX-cp-hp-I-fn¬ {]-Xn-tj[n-® bp-h-P-\ kw-L-S-\-I-sfhn-sS? X-ß-fp-sS cm-jv-{So-b b-P-am-\-∑m-cp-sS \n¿-t±-i-{]Im-c-am-Wv hn-j-a-g s]-øn-®sX-∂pw, A-h¿ Iq-´p Ip-‰-hmfn-I-fm-sW-∂p-ap-≈-Xv a-d-®p ]n-Sn-°m-\p-≈ Iu-i-e-Øn-\∏p-dw bm-sXm-cp [m¿-Ωn-I-Xbpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√ A-h-cpsS \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ-°v F-∂-XmWv bm-Ym¿-Yyw. Cu {]-Xntj-[ \m-Sy-ßƒ k¿-°m-dns\-Xn-sc-bp-≈ P-\-tcm-jw as‰m-cp Zn-i-bn¬ Xn-cn-®p-hn-Sm\p-≈ k¿-°m¿ kv-t]m¨tk¿-Uv-˛ tk-^v-‰n hmƒ-hv {]Xn-`m-k-ßƒ B-Wv. hn-I-k\-Øn¬ cm-jv-{So-b-a-cp-sX-∂v s]m-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂ Cu h-©\-bn-se Iq-´p-I-®-h-S-°m-cm-b {]-Xn-]-£-ß-fn¬ \n-∂p-am-Is´ bm-sXm-∂pw {]-Xo-£-°m\p-an-√. \n- -l-m-b-cm-b Cu kl- P o- h n- I ƒ- ° p- t h- ≠ n \nßƒ F-¥p-sN-øpw? P-\m-[n]-Xy tI-c-f-tØm-Sm-Wv s\©n¬ X-d-bv-°p-∂ Cu tNmZyw D-b-cp-∂-Xv. A-sX, A-hsc sIm-√m-s°m-e sN-bv-X-Xv Iq-Sp-X¬ I-ip-h-≠n D-Xv-]mZn-∏n-°m-\pw Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-tZi-\m-Wyw In-´m-\p-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p Iq-sS-bm-Wv \nß-fp-sS cm-P-]m-X-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°-s∏-´-Xv.

A¥¿[m-c

tI-c-f-Øn¬ A-Xn-Z-cn-{Z¿ G-sd-bp-≠t- {X! C.-sI.- Zn-t\-i≥

tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ cm-jv-{So-b N-cn-{Xw am-‰n-b Xn-c-s™-Sp∏v hn-P-b-Øn-\v ti-jw BZy-a-{¥n-k-`m tbm-K-Øn¬ apJy-a-{¥n ]-d-™ {]-[m-\-Imcyw tI-c-f-Øn-se A-Xn-Zm-cn{Zyw e-Lq-Ic - n-°pw F-∂m-Wv. a- s ‰m- c p A¿- ∞ - Ø n¬ tI-c-f-Øn¬ A-Xn-Zm-cn-{Zyw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p F-∂-Xn-s‚ Hu-tZym-Kn-I tc-Js - ∏-Sp-Ø¬ Iq-Sn-bm-W-Xv. C-Xv tI-c-f-Øns‚ am-{Xw A-h-ÿ-b-√ Fs∂m-cp Nn-¥ Nn-e¿-°v D-≠mtb- ° mw. F- ∂ m¬ tI- c - f tam- U - e n¬ A- X n- Z m- c n- { ZysØ F-¥p-sIm-≠v B-dp ]Xn-‰m-≠v ]n-∂n-´ hn-I-k-\ coXn-Iƒ-°v am-‰m≥ I-gn-bm-sX t]m-bn F-∂p-Iq-Sn Nn-¥n-t°≠-Xp-≠v. {]-tXy-In-®pw C-SXp-ap-∂-Wn-°v Xp-S¿-`-c-Ww In-´n-b cm-jv-{So-b km-l-N-cyØn¬. a-\p-jy-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\ B- h - i y- ß - f m- b `- £ - W w, ]m¿-∏n-Sw, B-tcm-Kyw Xp-Sß - nb-h-bv-°v Np-cp-ßn-b-Xv {]-XnZn-\w 150 cq-] th-Ww F-∂mWv hn-ZK - [ v- c - p-sS I-W° - v. Cu I-W-°v A-\p-k-cn-®v 25 tImSn-°v ap-I-fn-em-Wv C-¥y-bn¬ A-Xn-Z-cn-{Z-cp-sS F-Æw. tIc-f-Øn¬ G-I-tZ-iw Im¬ tIm-Sn-tbm-fw h-cpw F-∂m-Wv ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cu h-en-b

P-\-hn-`m-K-sØ I-≠m-Wv apJy-a-{¥n ]-d-™-Xv. A-Xn-\pth-≠n Zm-cn-{Zyw e-Lq-I-cn-°p∂-Xn-\v B-h-iy-am-b k¿-tΔ \-SØ - m-\pw \n¿-t±-iß - ƒ \¬Im-\pw X-t±-i sk-{I-´-dn-am-sc Np-aX - e - s - ∏-Sp-Øn-°g - n-™p. hcpw \m-fn¬ A-Xn-s‚ Hu-tZymKn-I h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ ]p-d-Øv hcpw. A-Xn-\n-S-bn-em-Wv ]-ń-IPm-Xn, ]-ń-I-hn-`m-Kw a-{¥n sI.-cm-[m-Ir-jv-W≥ `-h-\ cln-X-cm-b ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-˛-]-ń-Ih¿-§ hn-`m-K-ß-fp-sS I-W-°v Pq¨ B-dn-\v \n-b-a-k-`-bn¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. ]-ń-I Pm-XnI-fn¬ 1,33,355 Dw ]-ń-I h¿§ hn-`m-K-Øn¬ 20,220 Xpw t]-cm-Wv `-h-\-c-ln-X¿. F-¥psIm-≠v `-h\ - c - l - n-Xc - pw `q-cl - nX-cpw Nn-e {]-tXy-I hn-`m-Kß-fn¬ s]-Sp-∂p F-∂-Xp-IqSn Nn-¥n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. `q-an-bp-sS A-[n-Im-c-sØ F-°m-eØ - pw \n-b{- ¥n-®X - v PmXn-bm¬ D-b¿-∂p \n¬-°p-∂ k-h¿-Æ-cm-Wv. A-Xn-s‚ C-cI-fm-Wv A-h¿-Æ-˛-Io-gv Pm-Xn°m¿. Cu hn-`m-K-sØ kzm{i-b-Xz-Øn-te-°v \-bn-°m≥ B-h-iy-am-b km-aq-ln-I C-Ss]-S¬ \-S-Øm≥ am-dn-am-dn h∂ `-c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ {i-an-®n-´p≠v. F-∂m¬ A-sXm-∂pw Ah-cp-sS km-aq-ln-Im-hÿ I - s - ftbm kmw-kv-Im-cn-I k-hn-tij- X - I - s f- t bm ]Tn- ® p sIm≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. A-Sn-ÿm-\-]c-am-bn ]-cn-lc - n-°s - ∏-tS-≠ hn-

km-£n-sam-gn sI A-c-hn-μm-£≥

"I-ayq-Wn-Ãp-Im¿ C-¥y-

A-t∏mƒ tI-c-fm-tam-U¬? j-b-ß-sf H-cp Im-e-Øpw tIc-f-Øn-se k¿-°m¿ ]-cn-K-Wn®n-´n-√. A-Xn¬ G-‰-hpw {]-[m\-s∏-´-Xm-Wv `q-an-bp-am-bn _‘-s∏-´ hn-j-bw. `q-an-°v apI-fn-ep-≈ X-t±-i P-\-hn-`m-Kß-fp-sS A-h-Im-i-sØ X-I¿Øp-sIm-≠m-Wv A-h-sc Zm-cn{Zy-Øn-te-°v X-≈n-hn-´-Xv. AXn-s\-Xn-sc-bp-≈ ]m¿-iz-h¬Ir-X P-\-hn-`m-K-Øn-s‚ {]-Xntcm-[-sØ tÃ-bn-‰n-s‚ a¿-±-I D-]-I-c-W-ßƒ sIm-≠v A-Sn®-a¿-Øn. 2003 ¬ ap-Ø-ß-bnepw 2007 ¬ sN-ß-d-bn-epw 2012 ¬ A-cn-∏b -- n-epw \mw CXp-I-≠p. Cu hn-j-b-Øn¬ C-S-Xp- h-e-Xp ap-∂-Wn-I-fp-sS k-ao-]-\w H-tc t]m-se-bm-bncp-∂p. C-t∏mƒ c-≠mw ]n-W-dmbn k¿-°m¿ t\-Sn-b N-cn-{X hn-P-bw A-Xn-Zm-cn-{Zy-sØ eLq-I-cn-°m≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-°ptºmƒ C-Xp-h-sc \n-e-\n-∂ tI-c-f tam-U¬ hn-I-k-\ coXn-bp-sS ]-cn-an-Xn-I-fm-Wv N¿®-bm-th-≠-Xv. Im-c-Ww `q-anbpw ho-Spw ÿn-cw sXm-gn-epan-√m-Ø P-\-hn-`m-K-ß-fp-sS A-Xn-Zm-cn-{Zy-sØ \n¿-Æ-bn-® A-Sn-ÿm-\ km-aq-ln-I Im-c-

W-ß-sf ]Tn-°m-sX-bp-≈ cm-jv-{So-b-]-cn-lm-cw hn-P-bn°n-√. A-Xv Pm-Xn-bp-≠m-°nb A-k-a-Xz-am-Wv. B kmaq-ln-I A-k-a-Xz-sØ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m-\m-Wv, k-aXz-Øn-te-°v \-bn-°m-\m-Wv km-ap-Zm-bn-I kw-hc - W - w. CS-Xp-]-£-sØ \-bn-°p-∂ {]-[m-\-]m¿-´n-bm-b kn.-]n.Fw.- km-ºØ - n-I kw-hc - W - sØ Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-tºmƒ F-ßs - \-bm-Wv i-cn-bm-b cmjv{- So-b ]-cn-lm-cw km-[y-amIp-I? A- X p- s Im- ≠ m- W v C¥y-bn-se A-k-a-Xz-ß-sf kr-jv-Sn-® kq-£v-a-cm-jv-{Sob-sØ ]Tn-®p-sIm-≠p am{X-ta cm-Py-sØ G-Xv aq-ebn¬ Po-hn-°p-∂ ]m¿-izh¬-Ir-Xc - p-sS ]n-t∂m-°m-hÿ-sb-bpw im-iz-X-am-bn ]cn-l-cn-°m≥ ]-‰q F-∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. A-Ø-cw A-t\zj-W-Øn-\v tUm.-_n.-B¿.Aw-t_-Zv-°-sd-bpw tUm.tem-ly-tb-bpw ]n-¥p-S-tc≠-Xp-≠v. A-h-sc ]Tn-°m\pw Dƒ-s°m-≈m-\pw I-ayqWn-Ãp-Iƒ X-øm-dm-Ip-tam F-∂-Xm-Wv {]-iv-\w.

\-h-ÿ Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-\m-hmØ Ãm-en-\n-Ãp-I-fm-sW-∂v A-—≥ ]-d-bm-dp-≠v. A-hcn¬ \-√-h-cp-≠v, ]-t£ F¥v Im-cyw? A-—-\n-„w temly-tbm-Sm-bn-cp-∂p. h¿-§ hnπ-ha - √ - , Pm-Xn-hn-πh - a - m-Wv C¥y-bn¬ th-≠-Xv. s{s]-a-dn kv-Iq-fp-I-fn-se F-√m A≤ym-]-I-cpw l-cn-P-\-ß-fm-hWw. F-∂m-te Pm-Xn C-√mXm-hq. B-Wm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F-\n-°-—≥ dmw a-t\m-l¿ F-∂v t]-cn-t´-s\. s]-Æm-bXn-\m¬ Rm≥ B-`-bm-bn. Km-‘n-bp-sS Po-h-\p-≈ Du∂p-h-Sn.'˛ km-£n-sam-gn F∂ sI A- c - h n- μ m- £ - s ‚ t\m-h-en¬ \n-∂v.

tI-c-f cm-{„o-bw {]-tab-am-Ip-∂ Cu t\m-h-en-s‚ B-Zy ]-Xn-∏v 2006 ¬ Un kn _p-Iv-kv B-Wv {]-kn-≤o-Icn-®-Xv. CXv c≠mw ]Xn∏v. {]-km-[-I¿: ]-® a-e-bm-fw _p-Iv-kv, kp-Pn-eo ]-ªn-t°-j≥, Nm-Ø-∂q¿, sIm-√w- 691572.

A¥¿[m-c

F≥.hn. _m-e-Ir-jv-W≥

B¿-°pw H-cp i-√y-hp-an√m-sX ao≥-]n-Sn-®pw sX-ßp-Irjn sN-bv-Xpw tUm-en-∏m-´v ]mSn-bpw Po-hn-® H-cp tKm-{X-P-\X-sb C-ßs - \ Nq-Sp-]n-Sn-∏n-°p∂- X v Im- e m- h - ÿ am- { X- a mtWm? Cu ta-J-e-bn-se IS¬ \-∂m-bn Nq-Sv ]n-Sn-°p-∂ps≠-∂-Xv hm-kv-X-hw. e-£-Zzo]n-s‚ B-I¿-j-W-ß-fn-sem∂m-b ]-hn-g-∏p-‰p-Iƒ \-in-°p∂p-ap-≠v. k-ap-{Z-P-e-\n-c-∏v Db-cp-∂p. G-Xm-\pw ]-Xn-‰m-≠pIƒ-°∏ - p-dpw Cu a-t\m-lc - Zo]p-Iƒ I-S-en¬ ap-ßn-t∏m-Imsa-s∂ B-i-¶-bp-ap-≠v. Imem-h-ÿm hy-Xn-bm-\-hpw A¥-co-£-Xm-]-\-hpw kr-„n-°p∂ C-Ø-cw hn-]-Øp-I-sf Fßn-s\ A-Xn-Po-hn-°mw F-∂mi-¶s - ∏-´v s\-©n¬ Xo-bp-am-bn Po-hn-°p-∂ Zo-]p-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-te-°m-Wv A-i-\n-]mXw t]m-se {]-^p¬ tLm-Um ]-t´¬ F-s∂m-cp am-S-ºn h-

A¥¿[m-c

∂p ]-Xn-®-Xv. ]-≠v \m-´n≥ ]pd-Øv tN-c ]n-Sn-Ø-°m¿ h-cpam-bn-cp-∂p. tN-c-I-sf Hm-Sn-®n´v ]n-Sn-°pw. hm-en¬ Xq-°n-hoin \n-e-Øn-Spw. ]n-s∂ B km-[p-Po-hn-°v H-∂pw sN-øm\m-hn-√. k-‘n _-‘-ß-sfms° A-b-™v N-en-°m-\m-hmsX \n-e-Øp In-S-°pw. tam-Znbpw A-an-Xv jm-bpw tN¿-∂b-® ]m-ºp-]n-Sp-Ø° - m-c\ - m-Wv {]-^p¬ tLm-Um ]-t´¬. tIm-hn-Uv tcm-K-an-√m-Xn-cp∂ e-£-Zzo-]n¬ X-s‚ h-c-hdn-bn-°m≥ Cu sh-dn-b≥ ]t´¬ B-Zyw sN-bv-X-Xv tImhn-Uv s{]m-t´m-t°m-sfm-s° Hgn-hm-°n tcm-KØ - n-∂v ]-Sc - m-\p≈ ku-I-cy-sam-cp-°-em-bn-cp∂p. Zo-]v P-\-X-sb `-b-s∏-SpØ-epw {]-Xn-tj-[-ßƒ X-S-bep-am-bn-cp-∂p e-£yw. ]n-∂mse h-∂p Kp-≠m \n-b-aw. Ip‰-hm-fn-I-fpw in-£-bp-sam-s° Xm-c-X-tay-\ Ip-d-™, ]-c-kv]-c kv-t\-l-tØm-sS-bpw kl-I-c-W-tØm-sS-bpw Po-hn°p-∂ P-\-ßƒ-°v ta-se Kp-

≠m \n-b-aw \-S-∏n-em-°n! Ah¿-°v A-h-cp-sS hm¿-Ø-Iƒ A-dn-bm-\p-≈ t]m¿-´¬ \n-tcm[n-®p. k-μ¿-i-\ hn-k-Iƒ \ntcm-[n-®p. e-£-Zzo-]p-Im-cm-b k-_v-Un-hn-j-W¬ a-Pn-kv-t{S´p-am-sc-sbm-s° ]n-cn-®p-hn-´v Xs‚ C- „ - ° m- c m- b D- Ø - t c¥y≥ kw-Ln-I-sf ]-I-cw \nb-an-®p. A-tXm-sS e-£-Zzo-]v ]p-dw tem-I-hp-am-bn _-‘-an√m-Ø P-bn-e-d-bm-bn am-dn. ]n∂o-Sv \q-‰m-≠p-I-fm-bn A-h¿ io-en-® `-£-W-{I-a-ß-sf A´n-a-dn-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn.kv-Iqƒ hnZym¿-∞n-I-fp-sS `-£-W-Øn¬ \n-∂v amw-k-hn-`-h-ßƒ H-gn-hm°n. s]m-Xp C-S-ß-fn-se kmwkv-Im-cn-I Iq-Sn-t®-c-ep-I-sfms° hn-e-°n. Xm¬-°m-en-I°m¿ Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ A-≤ym]-I-sc Iq-´-tØm-sS ]n-cn-®p-hn´p.C-tXm-sS hn-Zym-`ym-kw Xmfw sX-‰n. U-b-dn-^m-ap-Iƒ ]q´n, ]-ip-°-sf te-ew sN-bv-Xv hn-‰p. ]-I-cw Kp-P-dm-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈ U-bd - n D-e] v- ∂ - ß - ƒ FØn-®v hn-]-W-\w \-S-Øm≥

G¿- ∏ m- S p- ≠ m- ° n. Xo- c - t Z- i am-\-ßƒ-°n-d-ßm≥ ku-I-cytIm-S-Xn hy-h-lm-c-ßƒ I¿kw-c-£-W \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ a-dsam-cp-°p-∂-Xv. Iq-‰≥ tlm-´Æm-S-I ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bn-tehn¬ ]-cº - c - m-KX - a-’y-_‘ - ep-If - pw sI-ń-Sß - f - pw ]-Wn-bp°v am-‰m-\pw \o-°w \-S° - p-∂p. \ kw-hn-[m-\-am-sI X-I-cm-dn∂-Xv. A-¥m-cm-{„ Sq-dn-Ãv temkzm-`m-hn-I-am-bpw {]-Xnem-°n. A-h-cp-sS h-©n-I-fpw _n-°v ssI-am-dn G-Xm-\pw ]tj-[-ßƒ D-b¿-∂p h-∂p. ]h-e-bpw a-‰pw kq-£n-®n-cp-∂ Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ am-{Xw {]-h¿Xn-hp-t]m-se A-Sn-®-a¿-Ø-epsj-Up-Iƒ ku-μ-cy-h¬-°-cØn-∏n-®m-epw A-\-¥ tIm-Sn I-fpw ]n-gb - n-Se - pw cm-Py-t{Zm-l W-Øn-s‚ t]-cn¬ s]m-fn-®p tUm-f¿ hm-cn-sb-Sp-°mw, F-∂ Ip-‰w Np-a-Ø-epw X-Ir-Xn-bmam-‰n. sX-tßm-e-bpw Nn-c-´-bpw I- ® - h - S I- Æ m- W n- X n- \ v ]nbn. sF-jm ^m-Øn-a F-∂ tX-ß-bp-apƒ-s∏-sS sX-ßp-am∂n¬. A-Xv km-≤y-am-I-W-sabp-h kn-\n-am kw-hn-[m-b-I bn _-‘-s∏-´-sXm-∂pw, s]m¶n¬ Cu Zo-]-k-aq-l-Øn¬ {]-Xn-tj-[-Øn-s‚ ap-∂-WnXp C-S-ß-fn¬ \n-∂v t\m-°n\n-∂v X-t±-in-b P-\-X-sb Bbn¬ \n-∂p. "tI-{μ `-c-W-Iqbm¬ Im-Wp-∂n-S-Øv D-≠mń-∏m-bn-°-Ww. A-Xn-e-h¿-°v Sw Zzo-]v \n-hm-kn-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc hm≥ ]m-Sn-s√-∂v \n-jv-I¿-jna-s‰m-cp Xm¬-∏-cy-hp-ap-≠v. ZzossP-hm-bp-[w {]-tbm-Kn-°p®p. tcm-K Nn-In-’-°m-sW-¶n]n¬ 99 i-X-am-\-hpw ap-…o-ß∂p' F-∂v H-cp sS-en-hn-j≥ epw k-©-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\v e-£fm- W v . A- h - s c B- ´ n- ∏ m- b nkw-`m-j-W-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ AZo-]v A-Uv-an-\n-kv-t{S-j-s‚ {]®m¬ h-en-b ]-Ww sIm-øp-∂h¿ ]-d-™p t]m-bn. A-Xn-setXy-I A-\p-a-Xn th-W-sa-∂mtXm-sSm-∏w `m-hn-bn-se ln-μp s¥-¶n-epw cm-Py-t{Zm-l-ap-≈bn. F- b ¿ Bw- _ p- e ≥- k p cm-{„-Øn-s‚ ssk-\n-I kXm-bn `m-jm ]-cn-⁄m-\-tam ku-I-cyw km-[m-c-W-°m¿∂m-l-ßƒ-°v Xm-h-f-sam-cp\n-b-a ]-cn-⁄m-\-tam D-≈-h°v \n-tj-[n°p- I - b p- a m®p. H-cp Im-\m-[n-]-Xy hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS C-t∏m-g-sØ D-Zm-ko-\-X-bv-°v hmw. \- Ω pc-W-hpw ]-d- Cu cm-Pyw h-en-b hn-e sIm-Sp-t°-≠n h-cpw, tI-cf - w {]-tXy-In- sS cm- P ymbm-sX, \-„n¿-Øn-I®pw. B-Zyw ap-ń-b-Xv e-£-Zzo-]n-s‚ hm-Xn-en-em-sW-∂v am-{Xw. X ]-cn-lm-cw fpw I-S¬ Zot]m-epw \¬-Im-sX B-cp-sS ]p-I-fpw Xp-d-ap-J-ß-fpw hn-amcm-cpw ]-d-bn-√. tIm-S-Xn-bpw `q-an-bpw ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-°m-\p-≈ \-Øm-hf - ß - f - p-sam-s° F-°mcm-Py-t{Zm-l Ip-‰w \n-e-\n¬A-[n-Im-cw A-Uv-an-\n-kv-t{S-‰¿e- t Ø- ° p- a m- b n \n- b - { ¥- W °n-√-∂v A-k-μn-Kv-[-am-bn hy°v \¬-In. \n-b-aw ew-Ln-®p Øn¬ sIm-≠p-h-cn-I F-∂-Xv ‡-am-°n. F-∂n-´pw tIm-S-XnF-∂m-tcm-]n-®v ]u-c∑ - m¿-°v IH-cp kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ A-P-≠I-sf sh-√p-hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠v A\-Ø ]n-g Np-a-Øm≥ Xp-S-ßn. bm-Wv. ln-μp cm-{„ \n¿-Ωn-Xnh-sc t]m-eo-kv-t‰-j-\n¬ X-SA-ß-s\ e-£-Zzo-]v P-\-X hmbp-sS C-Ø-cw Xm-Xv-]-cy-ßƒ™p-sh-°p-Ib - pw tNm-Zyw sNen¬ ]n-Sn-®v ho-in-bn-´ tN-c-bp°v Iq-´p \n¬-°p-∂ tIm¿-∏ø¬ Xp-Sc - p-Ib - pw sN-øp-∂p. cmsS ]-cp-h-Øn-em-°n. 85 i-Xtd-‰v ò-a≥-am-cm-Wv A-Zm-\n-bpw Py-t{Zm-lw \n-e-\n¬-°pw Fam-\w X-t±-io-b tKm-{X-hn-`mAw-_m-\n-bpw. tam-Zn `-c-W∂v hm-Zn-®v kp-{]ow tIm-S-XnK-hpw 15 i-X-am-\w a-e-bm-fnØn¬ C-h-cp-sS B-kv-Xn-bn-epsb k- a o- ] n- ® n- c n- ° - b m- W nI-fp-am-Wv C-∂-sØ Zo-]v \n≠m-b Ip-Xn-®p Nm-´w ]-cn-timt∏mƒ. hm-kn-Iƒ. F-√m-hc - pw kw-km[n-®m¬ H-cp Im-cyw hy-‡w C-Xn-s‚-sbm-s° ]n-∂n-epcn-°p-∂X - v a-eb - m-fw. an-\n-t°mC-h¿ ]-c-kv-]-c k-lm-b kw≈ ^m-kn-Ãv e-£y-ßƒ \mw bv Zo-]n¬ am-{X-am-Wv a-l¬ L-am-Wv. Im-Wm-sX t]m-I-cp-Xv. 64000 `m-j-bp-≈-Xv. hn-Zym-`ym-k-ØnIm-cy-ßƒ A-{X ]-¥n-bam-{Xw P-\-kw-Jy-bp-≈, 32 \v, Nn-In-’-°v Xp-S-ßn F-√m √. P-\m-[n-]-Xy hn-izm-kn-I-fpN.In-tem-ao-‰¿ am-{Xw hn-kv-XrIm-cy-Øn-\pw A-h¿ F-ØpsS C-t∏m-g-sØ D-Zm-ko-\-X-bvXn-bp-≈ H-cp Zzo-]-k-aq-l-am∂-Xv a-e-bm-f-°-c-bn¬. sIm°v Cu cm-Pyw h-en-b hn-e W-Xv . 36 Zo-]p-I-fn¬ 11 ¬ am®n, t_-∏q¿ Xp-d-ap-J-ß-sf-bmsIm-Sp-t°-≠n h-cpw, tI-c-fw {X-am-Wv P-\-hm-k-ap-≈-Xv. IWv A-h¿ B-{i-bn-°p-∂-Xv. {]-tXy-In-®pw. B-Zyw ap-ń-b-Xv S-en¬ ap-ßn-Øm-Wp sIm-≠nC-t∏mƒ e-£Z- o-]p-am-bp-≈ Ne-£-Zzo-]n-s‚ hm-Xn-en-em-sWcn-°p-∂ ]-hn-g-∏p-‰p-I-fp-sS \mc-°p-KX - m-KX - h - pw B-fp-If - p-sS ∂v am-{Xw. A-Xv A-b¬-]-°ń-em-Wn-h¿, A-hn-sS-bm-Wv Hh-c-hpw t]m-°pw aw-K-em-]pam-sW-∂-Xv a-d-∂p Iq-Sm. º-Xp ao-‰-dn-epw 11 ao-‰-dn-epw cw Xp-d-ap-Jw h-gn-bm-°m-\pw tdm-Uv ]-Wn-bp-∂X - v. h-en-b hn-

A¥¿[m-c

Im-º-bn≥

Pq ¨ 5-˛6,13 Xn-bX - n-If- n¬ NAPM tI-cf - m L-SI - w

kw-LS- n-∏n-® tI-cf- m ^m¿-ta-gv-kv A-kw-_v-fn \-SØ - n-b A-hI - m-i {]-Jym-]-\w.

I¿-j-I-cp-sS A-h-Im-i {]-Jym-]-\w

ho-≠pw hn-fn-°mw P-bv In-km≥ Zn-

√n-bn¬ \-S-°p-∂ D-÷z-e-am-b I¿-j-I {]t£m-`-Øn¬ R-ßƒ, tI-c-f I¿-j-I¿, A-`nam-\w sIm-≈p-∂p. C-¥y≥ I¿-j-I k-aq-lØn-s‚ B-ﬂm-`n-am-\t_m-[-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-^e-\-am-Wv G-gp am-kw ]n-∂n-´ Cu k-a-c-sa-∂v R-ßƒ D-d-®p hn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p. Cu k-a-cw {]-k-cn-∏n-°p-∂ Du¿-÷w kz-¥w {]-iv-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw ]-cn-lm-c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pw A-[n-Im-cn-I-tfm-Spw s]m-Xp k-aq-l-tØm-Spw \nh¿-∂p \n-∂v kw-km-cn-°m≥ R-ßƒ I¿-jI¿-°v I-cp-Øv ]-I-cp-∂p. R-ßƒ \n-ß-sf A-∂-aq-´p-∂-h¿ A-h-Im-i-ßƒ {]-Jym-]n-°p∂p 1. Im¿-jn-I D¬-]m-Z-\ cw-K-Øv {]m-tbm-Kn-I A-\p-`-h-⁄m-\-ap-≈ R-ßƒ-°v th-≠-Xv D-]-tZ-i-ß-f-√. hn-f-I-fp-sS kw-`-c-W- kwkv-°-c-W hn-]-W-\ cw-K-ß-fn¬ B-kq-{XnX-hpw Im-cy-£-a-hp-am-b kw-hn-[m-\-ß-sfmcp-°p-Ib - m-Wv. A-Xn-\v th-≠ ku-Ic - y-ßƒ {]m-tZ-in-I k-l-I-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬ Hcp-°-Ww. 2. tI-c-f-Øn¬ Ir-jn sN-øp-∂ F-√m hn-f-Iƒ°pw D¬-∏m-Z-\-s®-e-hpw tI-c-f-Øn-se s]m-Xp-hm-b Po-hn-X-s®-e-hp-I-fpw I-W-°nse-Sp-Øp Xm-ßp-hn-e (MSP) {]-Jym-]n-°-

A¥¿[m-c

Ww. I-tºm-f hn-e MSP bn-epw Ip-d-hmbm¬ Ip-d-hp h-cp-∂ Xp-I I¿-j-I¿-°v e`y-am-°m≥ kw-hn-[m-\w sN-ø-Ww. H-cp Imc-W-h-im-epw I¿-j-I¿-°v \-„w kw-`-hn®p-Iq-Sm. Iq-Sm-sX F-√m hn-f-I-fp-sS-bpw MSP Im-em-Im-e-ß-fn¬ \n¿-Æ-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v I¿-j-I¿-°p Iq-Sn ]-¶m-fn-Ø-ap-≈ H-cp kz-X-{¥ G-P≥-kn-bp-≠m-h-Ww. 3. a-t‰-sXm-cp sXm-gn¬ cw-K-Øpw D-≈-h-sc-t∏mse Po-hn-X kp-c-£n-X-Xzw I¿-j-I¿-°pw A-h-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-sW-∂v Hu-Z-tym-Kn-I-am-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-Ww . A-Xn-\m¬ 60 h-b- p I-gn-™ I¿-j-I¿-°v am-\y-am-b s]≥-j≥, t£-a-\n-[n B-\p-Ip-ey-ßƒ, C≥-jp-d≥-kv ]-cn-c-£ Xp-S-ßn-b-h D-d-∏p h-cp-Ø-Ww. 4. Im-em-h-ÿm-am-‰w aq-ew Im¿-jn-I cw-K-Øp≠m-hp-∂ {]-Xym-Lm-X-ß-sf {]-Xn-tcm-[n°m-\p-≈ ]T-\-ß-fpw ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-ap-≠m-hWw; A-Xn-hr-„n aq-e-ap-≈ a-sÆm-en-∏pw aÆn-s‚ L-S-\-bn¬ D-≠m-hp-∂ am-‰-ß-fpw, h¿-≤n-® Io-S-_m-[-bpw, hn-f-\m-i-hp-sa-√mw I-W-°n-se-Sp-Øp-≈ bp-‡n-k-l-hpw ^-e{]-Z-hp-am-b \-S-]-Sn-I-fpw hn-f-Iƒ-°v sa-®s∏-´ C≥-jp-d≥-kv ]-cn-c-£-bpw D-d-∏p-h-cpØ-Ww.

5. tI-c-f-Øn-se Ir-jn ta-J-e-I-fn¬ hym-]-Iam-bn h-cp-∂ h-\y-ar-K i-ey-sØ t\-cn-Sm≥ {]m-tbm-Kn-I-hpw ^-e-{]-Z-hp-am-b Zo¿-L-Ime - {l-kz Im-e ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-≠m-h-Ww. h\y Po-hn-Iƒ h-gn-bp-≠m-hp-∂ hn-f-\-„-Øn\v am-\y-am-b \-„ ]-cn-lm-cw Im-e-Xm-a-kan-√m-sX e-`y-am-°-Ww. h-\y Po-hn-I-fn¬ \n-∂p-≈ A-{I-a-W `o-£-Wn-bn¬ sXmgn¬ sN-øp-∂-h¿ F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ A-Øcw ta-J-e-I-fn-se I¿-j-I¿-°v dn-kv-Iv Ae-h≥-kv \¬-I-Ww. {]-Ir-Xn-bp-sS k-¥pen-Xm-h-ÿ-bv-°pw ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-°pw tIm-´w X-´m-sX h-\y Po-hn-I-fp-sS s]-cp-∏w \n-b{¥n-°p-∂-Xn-\v th-≠ ]T-\-ßƒ \-S-Øn ]-cn-lm-c \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°-Ww. 6. a-lm-ﬂm Km-‘n tZ-io-b sXm-gn-ep-d-∏v ]-≤Xn-b-\p-k-cn-®v Hm-tcm {]-tZ-i-Øpw Im¿-jnI ta-J-e-bn¬ sN-tø-≠ {]-h¿-Øn-Iƒ F-¥m-h-W-sa-∂p \n-›-bn-°m≥ ]-©m-bØp-X-e-Øn¬ I¿-j-I¿-°p-Iq-Sn ]-¶m-fnØ-ap-≈ {]m-tZ-in-I kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-≠m°-Ww. 7. Ir-jn-bp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-Wß- f pw \- b - c q- ] o- I - c - W - ß - f pw \- S - Ø ptºmƒ I¿-j-I-cp-am-bn Iq-Sn-bm-tem-N-\Iƒ \-S-Øm≥ kz-X-{¥ I¿-j-I kw-L-S\m {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈-h¿-°v ]¶m-fn-Ø-ap-≈ kw-hn-[m-\-ßƒ {]m-tZ-in-IX-ew ap-X¬ kv-t‰-‰v X-ew h-sc D-≠m-°Ww. 8. Im¿-jn-I ta-J-e-bp-sS h-f¿-®-bv-°m-bn cq-]s∏-Sp-Øn-b K-th-j-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fpƒ-

Im ¿-jn-I cw-K-sØ {]-iv-\-ßƒ°pv \ym-b-am-b ]-cn-lm-cw D-≠m-hp-I F-∂X - v I¿-jI - t- cm-Sp-≈ Hu-Zm-cy-a√- , A-Xv I¿-jI - c- p-sS am-{Xw B-hi - y-hpa-√. Im¿-jn-I cw-K-Øv Kp-W-]-c-am-b am-‰-ß-fp-≠m-th-≠-Xv \m-´n¬ Iq-SpX¬ sXm-gn¬ A-h-k-c-ßƒ kr-„n°m-\pw, {Km-ao-W k-º-Zv hy-h-ÿ-°v D-W¿-Δp-≠m-hm-\pw, P-\ß - ƒ-°pv Btcm-Ky-I-c-am-b `-£-Ww D-d-∏p-h-cpØm-\pw, ]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I-am-b kp-ÿnc-X D-d∏ - p-hc- p-Øm-\pw B-hi - y-am-Wv.

s∏-sS F-√m k¿-°m¿ A¿-≤ k¿-°m¿ G-P≥-kn-If - p-sS-bpw C-Xp-hs - c-bp-≈ {]-h¿Ø-\ an-I-hv hn-e-bn-cp-Øm≥ I¿-j-I {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Iq-Sn Dƒ-s∏-´ kz-X-{¥ I-Ωoj-s\ \n-tbm-Kn-°-Ww. {]-kv-Xp-X I-Ωoj-s‚ dn-t∏m¿-ń-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Irjn-`-h≥ ap-X-ep-≈ Cu cw-K-sØ F-√m G-P≥-kn-I-fp-sS-bpw Im-cy-£-a-X-bpw Bh-iy-I-X-bpw ]-cn-tim-[n-®v ]p-\:kw-LmS-\w \-S-Ø-Ww. 9. `q hn-\n-tbm-K-\-bw cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw AXn-\-\p-k-cn-®m-Wv Im¿-jn-I ta-J-e-bn-se F-√m \-b-ß-fpw {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fp-sa-∂v Dd-∏p h-cp-Øm≥ H-cp kz-X-{¥ kw-hn-[m-\ap-≠m-°p-I-bpw th-Ww. Ir-jn-bn-S-ß-fn-se a-Æv - P-e kw-c-£-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ, \n-›n-X C-S-th-f-I-fn-se ^-e-{]-Z-am-b aÆv ]-cn-tim-[-\, ssP-h ssh-hn-[y-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ir-jn-`q-an-bp-sS dm-¶nwKv Xp-S-ßn-b-h-sbm-s° G-sd {]-[m-\-s∏-´Xm-Wv. 10. k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ sam-Øw \n-e \n¬-∏n-\pw km-º-Øn-I {]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-°pw A-Snÿm-\-am-b H-cp ta-J-e F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ I-cp-X¬ B-h-iy-ap-≈-XmWv Ir-jn. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ {]-tXy-I ]-cn-K-W-\ B-h-iy-ap-≈ Ir-jn-°v t\-cn-´p k-_v-kn-Un-Iƒ \¬-tI-≠-Xp-≠v. bm-sXmcp ]T-\t- am A-t\z-jW - t- am Iq-Sm-sX Im¿jn-I k-_v-kn-Un-Iƒ Ip-d-®p sIm-≠p-hcp-∂ k¿-°m¿ \-b-ßƒ Xn-cp-Ø-s∏-S-Ww. Im¿-jn-I cw-K-sØ {]-iv-\-ßƒ-°pv \ymb-am-b ]-cn-lm-cw D-≠m-hp-I F-∂-Xv I¿-j-Itcm-Sp-≈ Hu-Zm-cy-a-√, A-Xv I¿-j-I-cp-sS am{Xw B-h-iy-hp-a-√. Im¿-jn-I cw-K-Øv Kp-W]-c-am-b am-‰-ß-fp-≠m-th-≠-Xv \m-ń¬ Iq-SpX¬ sXm-gn¬ A-h-k-c-ßƒ kr-„n-°m-\pw, {Km-ao-W k-º-Zv hy-h-ÿ-°v D-W¿-Δp-≠m-hm\pw, P-\-ßƒ-°pv B-tcm-Ky-I-c-am-b `-£-Ww D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øm-\pw, ]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I-am-b kp-ÿnc-X D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øm-\pw B-h-iy-am-Wv. A-Xv Hcp cm-Py-Øn-s‚ k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ kzm-{i-b-XzØn-s‚-bpw kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚-bpw B-flm-`n-am\-Øn-t‚-bpw hn-j-b-am-Wv. A-Xp sIm-≠p Xs∂ cm-Py-Øn-s‚/ kw-ÿm-\Ø - n-s‚ \n-e\ - n¬∏p-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ Cu hn-j-b-ßƒ A¿-ln°p-∂ Ku-ch - t- Øm-sS ]-cn-KW - n-°m≥ kw-ÿm\ k¿-°m-cn-t\m-Spw s]m-Xp k-aq-l-tØm-Spw R-ß-fm-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p.

A¥¿[m-c