POULTRY VALLEY SEPTEMBER 2019 by Poultry valley

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Sept. 2019

P ultry Valley RNI NO. HARENG00987

INFAH Held Its 8thAGM on 9thAugust 2019 at Mumbai

YEAR - 3 ISSUE 7

From the Editor’s Desk India launches 'Act Far East' Policy for Russia Addressing the plenary session of the 5th Eastern Economic Forum in vladivostok, prime minister Modi said the friendship between India and Russia was not restricted to governmental interactions in capital cities, but is about people and close business relations. Editor ravi@poultryvalley.com Unveiling the Russian edition of India's 'Look East, Act East' policy, Prime Rajan Minister Narendra Modi pledged to extend a $1 billion Line of Credit to Russia's Administration Far East region (RFE). Speaking at the Eastern Economic Forum in Vladivostok, administrator@poultryvalley.com set up by Russian President Vladimir Putin to attract investment to the farthest Rohit outlying East Siberian and Arctic-pole areas of the country, Mr. Modi said that the Marketing announcement of the LOC, expected to help finance Indian business projects in the marketing@poultryvalley.com region, will be the “take-off point for Act Far East”, and will further strengthen bilateral ties. Mr. Modi's visit saw several initiatives being launched towards Subscription subscription@poultryvalley.com increasing the value of economic ties between the two countries, which, at approximately $10 billion in terms of bilateral trade, lags far behind their strategic partnership and defence relationship. In the past year alone, India has contracted G.K.Rathinam defence deals worth about $14.5 billion from Russia. Chief among the 50 Hatchery Specialist & Technical Consultant agreements signed this week were those on energy exploration and procurement, Palani, Tamilnadu including a specific MoU on cooperation on LNG supplies to India, and a maritime D. Mondal Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary route from Vladivostok to Chennai which will be used for energy trade as well. The Research Institute, Kolkata two sides also agreed on a five-year 'roadmap' for cooperation on prospecting for Dirisala Venkata Sivaji hydrocarbons and LNG in the Far East and the Arctic, building on a history of Post Graduate Scholar Teaching Assistant, Department of Veterinary and Indian investment in oilfields in the region. Animal Husbandry Extension, Pondicherry Beyond the bilateral aspect, the PM's pivot to Russia's Far East has farTamizhkumaran. J Teaching Assistant, reaching strategic implications. The emphasis on energy from this region is as Teaching Assistant, Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, Pondicherry much a bid to benefit from explorations and trade routes in the Arctic that are Dr. C. Seenivasan, Ph.D becoming accessible due to global warming, as it is reflective of India's desire to Technical, Vetline, Indore, India diversify its energy sources away from an unstable West Asia. The investment in the Far East, which is often neglected given that Russia is seen as a European power in the post-Soviet era, also underlines India's desire to draw Russia into its strategic forays in the Indo-Pacific. The government has said it welcomes cooperation with other countries for investments in RFE, notably Japan, which has in the past few years warmed up to Russia, despite their bitter territorial dispute in the region. This interest is seen as India's attempt to not only keep a traditional friend close, but to ensure some space in the current clinch between Russia and China. China's cross-border investment in RFE accounts for 71% of the total direct foreign investment of $33 billion. Above all, the push to 'Act Far East' allows India to demonstrate its commitment to an area of concern for Moscow, thus reassuring its traditional partner that in an increasingly polarised world, India is confident of working with multiple alignments, even if they are at cross purposes with each other. Chief Editor rakesh@poultryvalley.com

Editor-in-Chief

content Year - 3 / issue 7 / Sept. 2019

Hipra

Chembond Natural Remedies Nursipur Ayurvet Kemin Zydus AH ABTL

34 35 36 37 38 39 40

FEATURES

08 10 12 20 26

Biomin Commits to Amr ....... HatchTech and Pas Reform ....... INFAH Held Its 8th AGM ....... What are Designer ....... Know Your Pet Bird .....

Press Release

Biomin Commits to Amr Challenge to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance Getzersdorf Animal nutrition firm BIOMIN has announced efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the agriculture sector. BIOMIN has made a public commitment to the AMR Challenge, a multi-stakeholder initiative led by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for governments, private industries, and non-governmental organizations worldwide to make progress against antimicrobial resistance. In particular, BIOMIN commits to “expanding the reduction of non-medically necessary use of antibiotic feed solutions across the agriculture sector globally.” This will be accomplished primarily through greater adoption of the firm's biotech-based solutions that cover mycotoxin risk management, gut performance and animal nutrition. “In order to preserve the medicinal value of antibiotics, we need to use less of them. That means using alternatives to promote growth and maintain healthy animals,” stated Dr Jan Vanbrabant, Managing Director of BIOMIN and Executive Board Chairman of ERBER Group. “We use unparalleled technologies to deliver effective, easy-to-use solutions to the feed and animal protein sectors that bring such benefits and generate return on investment for our clients,” he added. Sustainability pioneer “Since 1983, BIOMIN has been dedicated to supporting the feed and livestock industry with innovative non-antibiotic solutions,” explained Dr Jan Vanbrabant. The commitment by BIOMIN to the AMR Challenge coincides with the firm's goal to support

sustainable agriculture, which entails the responsible use of antibiotics, enhanced profits and productivity, producing affordable food, generating employment, reducing the environmental footprint of farm animals and ensuring their health and welfare. Science driven As part of its pledge, the firm highlighted its research and development activities led by the BIOMIN Research Center, which aim “to further enhance the sustainability of the livestock and aquaculture industries and to limit or decrease rates of antibiotic resistance on farms.” A number of recent initiatives by BIOMIN including the opening of the Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Intestinal Health Concepts in Livestock and the Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation (FFOQSI) project specifically address improving animal gut health and combatting antibiotic resistance. BIOMIN promises to support these activities “through knowledge sharing of scientific findings and industry best practices along with technical consulting for commercial partners.” Specifically, the firm has held dedicated events across the world in recent years focused on antibiotic-free feeding programs featuring industry, academic and in-house experts. The company is fully engaged in scientific and industry conferences and symposia throughout the world, culminating in the biennial World Nutrition Forum.

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Press Release

HatchTech and Pas Reform Sign Patent Licence Agreement HatchTech, a global provider of incubation technology, and Pas Reform, a global supplier of integrated hatchery solutions, announced today that they have entered into a long-term global strategic patent agreement covering post-hatch earlyfeeding for day-oldchicks. Significant academic research has been undertakenworldwide intothe digestion and feed absorption processes of young chicks, and the role of post-hatch feeding. Buildingon the outcome of these studies, the HatchTech R&D team initiated research and testing around early feeding, becomingapatent holder for early-feeding solutions for day-old chicks. Based on this knowhow andits commitment to finding innovations beyond the tried and tested, HatchTech launched HatchCare in 2014.Thehatcher provides newly hatched chicks with the basic necessities of life – feed, fresh water, light and fresh air – right from birth. In 2018, PasReform launched SmartStart™, a posthatch feeding solution which providesnewly hatched chicks with nutrition and hydration in asingle formulation.SmartStart™ helps customers to implement post-hatch feeding easily and flexibly. It comprises two key elements – which can be applied individually, or together: precision feeding and intelligent lighting. “After years of innovating and a successful market adoption of HatchCare, it is great to see other incubation technology providersacknowledgingthe benefits of early feeding,” says Tjitze Meter, Founder and CEO of HatchTech. “We firmly believe that early feedingcan bea keydriver of animal-friendly and antibiotic-free poultry production, and this patent licence agreement will help the poultry industry going forward.” “This is a clear win-win agreement, which will benefit our customers”, saysHarm Langen, CEO of PasReform. “It underlines the importance of early feeding for the production of robust day-old chicks, and promotes the worldwide growth potential of this innovative concept. The agreement gives both companies the freedom to further develop and market their post-hatch feeding solutions.” The agreement is with immediate effect. About HatchTech:

HatchTech is a leading food technology company, which enables poultry companies worldwide to maximise the genetic potential of their birds. Drawing on our unrivalled expertise in early-stage chicks, we create research-based products for incubation, chick transportation and brooding, and deliver and service our customers' projects worldwide. Headquartered in the Netherlands, and with offices in China and Ukraine, HatchTech supportscustomers in over 40 countries. www.hatchtech.com

About PasReform: Pas Reform has specialised in the development of integrated hatchery solutions for the poultry sector since 1919. Our mission is to support our customers with smart, sustainable hatchery solutions that consistently achieve the highest percentage hatch of fertiles and deliver uniform, healthy day-old chicks. Pas Reform has earned its position as one of the world's leading hatchery equipment manufacturers through decades of research into the biological and physiological aspects of embryo development, combined with a thorough understanding of all aspects of the poultry production chain – and a dedicated focus on the future.www.pasreform.com For more information, please reach out to: Henry Arts, Marketing Director at PasReform E-mail: arts@pasreform.com Edward Rozendaal, Marketing Manager at HatchTech E-mail: erozendaal@hatchtech.nl

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INFAH Held Its 8thAGM on 9thAugust 2019 at Mumbai

Press Release

The 8 Annual General Body meeting of INFAH was held on 9th August 2019 at Hotel Taj Santacruz, Mumbai. The meeting was attended by more than 80 industry colleagues representing Indian Animal Health & Nutrition Industry. Indian Federation of Animal Health Companies (INFAH) has a clear vision towards creating trust among Veterinary Professionals, Livestock, Poultry, Companion Animal and Aqua stakeholders, enhancing animal health Industry's value and contribution to society, by setting high standards of competitiveness, ethical business practices, innovation and leadership among its members and ensuring significant presence across the globe. In the welcome address by Dr. Arun Atrey, Immediate past President-INFAH, expressedthat role of INFAH has become more significant to meet the newer challenges, adopt new culture and practices, be more proactive towards our role in policy making, decisions and overall creating new opportunity for sustainable growth by adopting best professional and ethical practices. INFAH is totally committed to meet the expectations of its members. However, it would need constant encouragement and guidance from all. Dr Atrey welcomed all th members and guests to 8 AGM. Dr.D.K.Dey,President INFAH, welcomed all the members to 8thAGM. He took this opportunity to congratulate all the members for being a part of INFAH's journey of the last 7 years which was full of challenges and achievements. With the support of all the members INFAH have been able to create some new milestones that would give a new direction to its future growth.The key challenges which our industry is facing are animalwelfare groups relentless pressure on cage ban impacting layer industry, mixed response from the policy makers on AMR, Issues related toclassification of animal feed supplements by different authorities. Dr. Vijay Makhija, General Secretary, INFAH, emphasized that the journey of INFAH will always remain challenging due to ever changing regulatory

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environment and continual demand for cost effective solutions. He applauded the “Passion” of all managing committee and subcommittee members to take INFAH to greater heights. He presented the overview of full year activities of INFAH. Some of the key highlights were; participation at One Health conference, synthesis of white paper on feed supplements, contribution towards INFAH members views for the CDSCO's initiative of guidance document on biologicals & therapeutics, providing support during Kerala floods, SOPs on good marketing practices, Initiatives for attracting & retaining talent, representations to government officials for swift imports & exports of animal Health & nutritional products, garnering support for inclusion of Ayurveda in veterinary curriculum and post graduate studies,collaboration with industry associations,IPJA award recognition etc. During the AGM, an insightful presentation “White Paper on Feed Supplements” was made by Mr. Satish Pasrija (Past President & Chairman Subcommittee on Feed Supplements). In this paper I N FA H h a s c o m p r e h e n s i v e l y c o v e r e d variousaspects of feed supplements and engaged all stakeholders for their inputs for the same. INFAH has carried out holistic research by bringing together all inputs required to precisely define status and prevent ambiguity at all levels. This document will be mother document for feed supplements and can form basis for bringing uniformity in understanding and implementation within industry and regulatory bodies Dr.B.P.Manjunatha, Chairman of Human Resource Subcommittee, emphasized on the need for attracting & retaining talent. Dr Manjunatha also emphasized on good human resource practices which as an Industry we need to adapt and follow. He called for a collective effort of INFAH members in this direction. Dr. P.G. Phalke (TreasurerINFAH) conducted the AGM proceedings, welcomed the new member Tineta Pharma andannounced the result of newly

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elected members for the period 2019-21. During the AGM Mr. Vijay Teng, Vice PresidentINFAH, addressed the members by ensuring that the INFAH is well positioned to shape the environment in Animal Health industry in alignment with changing economic and regulatory scenario. INFAH is well prepared to contribute to the overall growth of India with theobjective of Healthy Animals, Healthier India.Mr. Vijay Teng expressed sincere gratitude towards the immediate & past presidents Dr. Arun Atrey & Mr. Satish Pasrija for their exemplary leadership and periodic guidance to the Managing Committee. INFAH Managing Committee specially honoured Dr D.K. Dey for his outstanding contribution as President of INFAH for the last two years. Managing Committee also took special effort to recognize contributions of subcommittee members & the respective Chairmen.

During the AGM following insightful presentation were made by Guest Speakers 1) Changing Dynamics of Indian Agri Systemby Mr Ram Kaundinya 2) Evolving Innovation Ecosytem in Agritech & Farm Tech – Mr Himendra Mathur On the 8thAGM, INFAH Recognized the contribution of individuals towards development of AH sector in the form of “INFAH Award”. “INFAH Award” was presented to Dr. S.S. Chousalkar for his exemplary contribution to society at large and Animal Health Industry in particular. Dr. Jeetendra Verma read the citation for him. Over a period of more than five decades he served relentlessly working towards development of A n i m a l H e a l t h s e c t o r. D r S . S . Chousalkarcontributed significantly to enable access of quality &affordable products for the Indian farming community. “INFAH Award” was also presented to Dr. Y.G. Deshpande for his outstanding contribution to the Animal Health Industry.Mr Anurag Agarwal read the citation.Dr Deshpande has immensely contributed in the area of veterinary pharmaceutical

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marketing, product development, product promotion along with consistent interaction and admirable relationships with academicians, research workers, practicing veterinarians &farmers. All the awardees thanked INFAH for the award and delivered an Inspirational speech by sharing their success mantra with the audience. Dr. Shirish Nigam, Joint Secretary INFAH, proposed vote of thanks. At the very outset he thanked all INFAH Members for their valuable presence during the AGM and their unstinted support to INFAH initiatives. Dr Nigamexpressed sincere gratitude to entire managing committee for their continuous support. He thanked Guest Speakers, Mr Ram Kaundinyaand Mr.Hemendra Mathur for sparing theirvaluable time & sharing their rich insights with INFAH members. He recognized the contribution of each Subcommittee member and support of Dr Phalke and Ms Bhavana for the effective functioning INFAH. He thanked Dr. Nitin Bhatia & Dr. Rajni Choudhary for providing support in organizing the 8th AGM and for INFAH Connect publication. He thanked the hospitality and arrangements done by hotel staff. The program ended with networking dinner. The Managing Committee of INFAH for the period 2019-2021 is as follows : 1.

Mr. Vijay Teng, President

Mr. Anurag Agarwal, Vice President

Dr. Vijay Makhija, General Secretary

Dr. B. P. Manjunatha, Joint Secretary

Dr. P. G. Phalke, Treasurer

Dr. Shirish Nigam, Resident Secretary- Delhi

Mr. Satish Pasrija, Executive Member

Dr. Arun Atrey, Executive Member

Dr. D. K. Dey, Executive Member

10.

Dr. Sandeep Karkhanis, Executive Member

11.

Dr. Jeetendra Verma, Executive Member

12.

Mr. Gautam Chatterjee, Executive Member

13.

Dr. TanweerAlam, Executive Member

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Egg Rate August 2019

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WHAT ARE DESIGNER EGGS????? Kasthuri. S and Tamizhkumaran. J Assistant Professor, Livestock Product Technology Assistant Professor, Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research

Article

Introduction India is a country which is traditionally rich in culture and food habits. The preference of each Indians differs based on their locality and availability of livestock products. Urbanisation and Modernization as led to increased per capita income which had coerced the modern people towards western foods. Health awareness and Lack of good food as paved a way to bring out these designer eggs which are designed based on the consumer preference and requirement. Eggs are one of nature's most nutritious and economical food. A normal standard egg provides a nutrient dense, high quality, inexpensive source of protein as well as a variety of essential vitamins and minerals with other functional components. Unfortunately, concerns about dietary cholesterol and the risk of heart disease have decreased the consumption of eggs. In fact blood cholesterol level ranks only about fourth or fifth in the risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Smoking, excessive body weight, lack of exercise, hypertension and stress are other important factors, but publicity about the unproven effects of dietary

cholesterol on CHD, had a major impact on the sale of cholesterol rich foods, particularly eggs. The contents of the chicken egg can be changed in such ways as to be more healthful and appealing to a segment of our consumers who are willing to pay for those changes in the eggs. So the designer eggs are produced by nutritional manipulation of poultry diets

i.e. addition of different health promoting c o m p o n e n t s l i k e antioxidants, minerals, omega fatty acids, vitamins etc. which can offer functions above and beyond the excellent nutrition that they already provide. Designer eggs â&#x20AC;&#x153;Designer eggsâ&#x20AC;? are those specially produced eggs

Nutritional value of one large egg

Nutrient

Amount

Calories

70 Kcal

Total Fat

4.5 g

Saturated Fat

1.5 g

Polyunsaturated Fat

0.5 g

Monounsaturated Fat Cholesterol

2g 213 mg

Sodium

65 mg

Potassium

60 mg

Total Carbohydrate

Protein

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Article

which are rich in additional nutrients and health promoting components like carotenoids, chelated minerals, EPA, DHA like omega-3 fatty acids, selenium, vitamin E and other immune modulating factors.

Nutrient content of ordinary and designer/functional eggs Nutrient content

Quantity per 100 g of egg contents (2eggs)* Ordinary egg

Designer egg

Total saturated fatty acids

3.3g

2.8g

Total unsaturated fatty acids

6.4g

6.9g

4.4g

Poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)

2.0g

2.5g

Linoleic acid (ɷ-6 fatty acids)

1.9g

1.4g

α-linolenic acid(ɷ-3 fatty acids)

0.03g

0.7g

ɷ-3 fatty acid (EPA+DHA)

0.08g

0.4g

n6/n3 ratio

17.3

1.27

1.94

2.46

400mg

320mg

1.5mg

2.2mg

2mg

15mg

Traces

1.8μg

Traces

1μg

 Eggs with enhanced Mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) vitamin content  Lowered cholesterol  Altered fat/fatty acid/ mineral/ vitamin content Eggs containing pharmaceuticals etc. Nutritionally enhanced eggs:

 N u t r i t i o n a l l y Unsaturated/saturated fatty acids enhanced eggs are produced by hens fed Cholesterol diets with modified Carotenoids feed content  Altering the content of Vitamin E the feed of the laying hen produces eggs Selenium with enhanced Chromium nutrient content  The designer eggs currently available include vegetarian eggs and eggs with modified fat content Vegetarian eggs  Hens fed an all grain diet, free of animal fat and by products, lay eggs marketed as vegetarian eggs  Vegetarian eggs may differ slightly in nutrient content from generic shell eggs depending on the nutrient content and quality of the vegetarian

Major omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids

Omega -6 fatty acids Linoleic acid (LA)

C18:2ω6

Arachidonic acid (AA)

C20:4 ω6

Omega 3 fatty acids Linolenic acid (LNA)

C18:3 ω3

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)

C20:5 ω3

Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)

C22:5 ω3

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

C22:6 ω3

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feed  This type of designer egg appeals to individuals who are lacto-ovovegetarian modified

fat

Eggs with modified fat content have become very popular. Modified fat content eggs are marketed as containing  Less cholesterol Cholesterol level of modified fat egg is 190mg per egg in comparison to 213 mg in generic eggs  Less saturated fat Saturated fat content is 1.2grams compared with 1.5 grams in generic eggs  Higher amounts omega-3 fatty acids

 Hens fed diets high in omega-3 fatty acids produce eggs with high omega-3 fatty acid content in yolk  Omega 3 fatty acids – rich eggs may provide and alternative food source for enhancing consumer intake of these healthy fatty acids Diseases associated with inadequate omega-3 consumption The dietary imbalance of omega-3: omega-6 can cause  Reduction in triglycerides

plasma

 Blood pressure

 Higher vitamin E content

 Platelet aggregation

 High amounts of iodine when compared to generic shell eggs

 Thrombosis

 The differences in the modified fat eggs are due to the nutrient content of the feed for the hens, hens are typically fed all grain diets supplemented with canola oil, bran, vitamin E

 Tumour growth

 C h r o m i u m supplementation to laying hens diets at concentration of less than one ppm have been shown to lower egg cholesterol and also improve the egg interior quality. Changes in profile:

fatty

acid

 Atherosclerosis particularly in diabetics  Skin disease  Enhanced immunity Sources of omega-3 fatty acids  The type of omega-3 fatty acid from the feed can be  Linolenic flaxseed

acid

from

 Docosahexanoic acid ( D H A ) o r Eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) from marine algae or fish oil Omega -3 enriched eggs  In recent years researchers and egg

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producers have worked together to improve the o m e g a - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of eggs by incorporating omega-3rich foods like flax seed into the laying hen diet.  The idea of using flax seed for omega-3 egg production began when sensory studies reported strong “fishy flavours” from fish oil based omega -3 enriched eggs despite fish oil inclusion rates as low as 3% (Leskanic and Noble 1997 ).  The fishy smell is widely believed to be caused by the high levels of omega-3 PUFA deposited in the yolk from the fish oil feeding fish oil primarily increases the yolk DHA and EPA levels which can become rancid quickly and produce off-odours and flavours  As a result flax seed was introduced as a potential alternative for preventing off-odours of omega-3 enriched eggs  Although flax seed also has a high oil content the type of PUFA deposited into the egg are primarily ALA known for having greater stability and slower onset of rancidity (Gonzalez-Esquerra and Leeson 2001). Whole or milled flaxseed  Flax seed form also affects the amount of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid

Article

Eggs with content

 Diets high in omega-3 fatty acids can reduce risk of heart disease

Article

(PUFA) incorporated into the egg  Differences in the omega3 content of eggs from laying hens fed whole versus milled flax seed have been reported by many researchers suggesting that omega-3 deposition is more efficient when the flax is milled prior to the inclusion in the hens diet.  10% milled flax seed yielded 16.2 mg ALA/g yolk while the same amount of whole flax seed yielded approximately 13.5 mg alpha- linolenic fatty acid (ALA) per gram of yolk 

This differences are due to that milled seeds are better digested than whole seeds, releasing more omega-3 fatty acid to be deposited in the egg yolk

Other considerations flaxseed feeding

Use of grit  One study claims that no difference in the yolk omega-3 content from whole versus milled flax seed feeding by providing grit to hens fed whole flax seed, digestion is improved  Egg yolk omega-3 levels are equal in birds fed whole flax seed with 0.55% grit and birds fed a milled flax seed ration Effect of flaxseed on body weight  Mature flocks fed 10% and 20% flax seed diets

have been reported as weighing 270g and 530g less than hens fed a traditional layer ration regardless of whether whole or milled flax seed was used (Scheideler and Froning 1996).  Another study showed that lighter weight birds in a flax-fed flock compared to the control flock(t of the Bean and Leeson 2002)  This may be due to a laxative effect of the flax seed, causing an increased rate of digestion and reduced nutrient absorption Characteristics of omega-3 eggs Egg and yolk weight  Lighter egg weights tend to be linked with the lower body weights of flax-fed hens with one study reporting up to a 3.6 g decline in egg with hens fed a 20% milled flax seed diet  Yolk weights have also been reported as being 12g lighter from layers fed 5% or 15% flax seed diets as compared to traditional yolks Shell quality  No change in shell quality Pearl millet in layer diet  Pearl millet is the world's most drought resistant grain  Pearl millet is rich in oil, with a typical fat content above 5% linolenic acid comprises 4% of total

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fatty acids in this oil(Rooney,1978) giving higher content of n-3 fatty acids than other cereal grains Changes in content

vitamin

 Designer eggs have been produced that contain higher concentration of several vitamins.  Two vitamins A and E, are receiving the most interest as components of designer eggs  The vitamin content of the egg is variable and is somewhat dependent on the dietary concentration of any specific vitamins. 

In addition , the hen thus not transfer different vitamins into the eggs with equal efficiency. Eggs higher in vitamin E are currently available in stores.

Vitamin E mentation

supple-

 Supplementing the laying hens diet with vitamin E has proved to be of benefit because of its ability to reduce PUFA rancidity and overall offflavours(sim 2002)  With vitamin E omega-3 enriched eggs and normal eggs one study reported that taste panellists were unable to distinguish between omega-3 eggs, enriched with up to 20% flax seed and 10mg vitamin E /Kg feed, and normal eggs (Leeson et al. 1998) Mineral content

 The shell contains the majority of the minerals in an egg.



There have been very little success in changing the calcium and phosphorus content of albumen and yolk.



It is possible, however, to increase the content of selenium, iodine, and chromium. This has been done through dietary supplementation of the hen. These three minerals are important in human health.

Pigment content  The colour of the yolk is a reflection of its pigment content. In addition, the type of pigment in the egg and its concentration are directly influenced by the dietary concentration of any particular pigment.  Natural sources can be from plants such as marigold, chilli, corn. The high protein bluegreen algae known as spirulina has also been shown to be a very efficient pigment source for poultry skin and egg yolk. 

 Most of the carotenoids in egg yolk are hydroxy compounds called xanthophylls.

Recent research has shown the eggs may be beneficial in preventing macular degeneration, a major cause of blindness in elderly people.

 A recent study indicated

Lutein and zeaxanthin are two of the most common xanthophylls found in egg yolk. Lutein and zeaxanthin are high in pigmented feeds ingredients such as yellow corn, alfalfa meal, corn gluten meal and dried algae meal, and marigold petal meal.

 Fortunately both lutein and zeaxanthin are effectively transferred to the yolk when these various feed ingredient are fed to laying hens. Pharmaceuticals 

New biotechnology is being used to develop genetically modified chickens that produce compound s that can be harvested from the eggs. These compounds include insulin for the treatment of diabetes .

 These antibodies circulate throughout her body and transferred to her eggs as protection to the developing chicks. Immunologist are taking advantage of the fact that then the hen can develop antibodies against a large of agents and concentrate them in the egg. Natural multienriched eggs  They are obtained by

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feeding laying hens in the usual way, but using additional autoclaved linseed, minerals, vitamins and lutein to provide the extra components. These eggs have more nutritional value than the normal egg The 100g contains

this

egg

 6 times more –omega-3 fatty acid ALA  3times more DHA  3 times of vitamin D  4 times more folic acid  6 times more vitamin E  6 times more lutein and zeaxanthine  2.5 times more iodine  4 times more selenium Selenium enriched eggs  Selenium is an essential trace element with a recommended dietary allowance for human adults of 55µg/day.  Feasibility of enriching eggs using organic selenium and that selenium enriched eggs are an effective way to supplement human diets.  A basal diet containing 0.3µg of selenium/g of diet as Na2SeO3 into this diet , Se yeast an organic source of Se, was added at 1, 2.4 or 5.1 µg of selenium/g of diet for 4 weeks. The range of Se levels employed in the laying hens diet, egg se content increased linearly as dietary levels of se increased.

Article

 There are approximately 2200 mg of calcium and 20 mg of phosphorus in the shell.

the higher intake of carotenoids reduce the risk of age related macular degeneration.

Know Your Pet Bird - African Grey Parrot

Article

K.Premavalli, S.Prakash and S.T.Selvan Post Graduate Research Institute in Animal Sciences, Kattupakkam, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University The African grey parrots is one of the medium-sized, almost pigeon-like, most talented intelligent, talking/ mimicking companion birds on the planet and are more popular among bird enthusiasts because of their beauty and a brainy no-nonsense attitude. This parrot is one of the oldest psitticine species kept by humans, with records of the bird dating back to biblical times.They have a bright red tail, intelligent orange eyes, and a stunning scalloped pattern to its plumage. They love to have fun and are very gentle. History Origin : Central Africa. Habitat : Savannahs, coastal mangroves, woodland and edges of forest clearings in their West and Central Africa range, south eastern Ivory Coast, Kenya, and Tanzania. African greys are listed under Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) Appendix II, which means these species are not necessarily threatened with extinction, but may become so unless their trade is strictly regulated. Taxonomy Class : Aves Order : Psittaciformes Family: Psittacidae Psittacus erithacus P. e. erithacus – Congo African grey parrot- Larger, more popular

P. e. timneh – Timneh African grey parrot- smaller Kingdom: Animalia Physical description  The African grey is a medium-sized parrot with a bare facial patch.  Iris color is black for the first 4 months of age, but changes fully to yellow by 4 years.  The Timneh grey parrot being smaller having a horncolored beak, dark grey body nearly black and its tail ranges in color from maroon to dark gray or black. and white around the eyes.  The Congo grey being larger having black beak, silvergrey body that is lighter around eyes and rump, a scarlet red tail, and white around the eyes.  African grey parrots are sexually monomorphic.  Weight: 330-500 gm  Young birds have dark grey irises that turn pale yellow at 1 year of age  Sexual maturity: 4-6 years  Avg. life span: 25-30 years  Maximum recorded life span: 50+ years



 

Personality and Behavior  They are complex parrots,



highly sensitive, and more than a little demanding.  They are often able to

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mimic many sounds and talk. They are also charming and brilliant and require plenty of physical and mental stimulation. They are creatures of habit, and even a small change in routine can make a sensitive grey unhappy. They are prone to plucking and chewing their feathers, among other bad habits. Anecdotally, the TAG has a hardier attitude and may be better for households with a lot of people coming and going. The CAG prefers a little less chaos. African greys are social parrots that need a lot of hands-on time, however, they aren't “cuddle bugs.” They will tolerate some head scratching and a little bit of petting, but they do not appreciate intense physical contact. Every bird has individual tastes and preferences. Frequently bonds with one family member, rejecting others. Often fearful or intolerant of strangers. Parent-raised African gray chicks are considered to be better adjusted than those raised entirely by humans.

prevent feather picking or hypocalcemia. will learn household sounds and use them tirelessly to  Avoid drafty areas. the dismay of guardians.  Parrots should stay in their Environment cage or a “bird safe” room when they are not under  Enclosures should be as direct supervision. large as possible, such that the bird is able to fully  Birds with unrestricted extend it's wings and flap access to the home are at without touching the cage risk for accidents such as walls toxin ingestion, electrocution, pet attacks,  Cage should be clean, and drowning. secure, safe and constructed of durable, non-toxic  Grey parrots produce a lot materials of powder down. Offer daily baths or showers.  Perches should be of variable widths, heights,  Offer a full-spectrum light and textures. Also provide a to birds not exposed to concrete perch to help to natural lighting. maintain the toenails.  Cage bar spacing should be  Avoid placing perches 0.75-1.0 in (1.9-2.5cm) directly over food or water with a perch diameter of to prevent contamination approximately 1 in (2.5 cm).  Access to natural light is p r e f e r r e d , a n d Introduce new objects slowly to supplemental UV light may reduce stress. be recommended to treat or A n a t o m i c t r a i t s o f O r d e r Normal physiologic values Temperature (average)* Heart rate (beats/min) 340-600 Respiration (breaths/min) Approximately 25-45 Body weight (g) 300-400 Mean life span (years) 30-40 (Congo grey parrot) Sexual maturity (years) 4-6 years Weaning age (days) 100-120 75-90 Parent-reared,Hand-raisedWeaning age varies with the individual, and should never be based on a pre-determined time period. Fledgling age (days) 50-65 Mean number of incubation days 26-28 Average number of eggs laid 2-4 Weaning age 100-120 days Target environmental temperature Mimic natural environment.  Greys are smart and they

41°C

(

105.8°F

)

Household temperatures of 70 -80°F (21-27°C) are generally acceptable; however healthy birds can tolerate hot and cold temperatures. * Routine avian exam does not include measuring body temperature

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Baby birds that receive human handling while still in the nest tend to show fewer behavioral problems (e.g. feather picking, fearfulness, aggression) at maturity than those that do not.  Tamed birds readily adapt to new surroundings and activities; expose early to daily activities in your household as well as to other pets  Are intelligent, curious, and love to explore their surroundings.  Need environmental enrichment, interesting toys, and foraging exercises to reduce the chance of behavioral problems.  Feather damaging behavior is a common problem in grey parrots, particularly in individuals that are not given the attention they need or with abrupt changes in routine. Speech and Sound  Best talkers in the parrot family, able to repeat words and phrases after hearing them just once or twice.  This bird reaches full talking ability around a year of age, and most individuals become capable mimics much earlier.  Develop an outstanding vocabulary, research has shown that this species can come to understand what it's saying.

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Psittaciformes include:  Communication of the right and left nasal sinus  The only avian tongue with intrinsic muscles  Simply syrinx  Craniofacial hinge of beak is a synovial joint  Ceca absent  Gall bladder often absent  Zygodactyl foot: two toes pointed backward and two pointed forward Care  Considered the poster bird for parrot intelligence, inclined to amass a large vocabulary and also demonstrate an aptitude for recognizing the meaning of words and phrases. They  need plenty of toys that

challenge their intelligence, such as foraging and puzzle toys. They  seem especially affected by stress and commotion in their environment and can be put more at ease by placing one corner of the cage against a wall as opposed to in the middle of a room. Feeding  They are mostly frugivorous; their diet in the wild consists mostly of palm nuts, seeds, fruits, and leafy matter.  Greys are granivores and frugivores. Free-ranging birds feed on seeds, figs,

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and fruits. The species prefers oil palm fruit and also eat flowers and tree bark, as well as insects and snails. In the wild, the grey parrot is partly a ground feeder. In captivity, it can eat bird pellets, a variety of fruits such as pear, orange, pomegranate, apple, and banana, and vegetables such as carrot, cooked sweet potato, celery, fresh kale, peas, and green beans. Known to be fussy feeders, African greys prefer seeds, which can lead to nutritional deficiencies, including calcium deficiencies. They also need a source of calcium. Since Psittacine birds hull seeds before ingestion, they do not require grit. In fact, some individuals will over eat grit when ill putting them at risk for impaction. All-seed diets are deficient in protein, vitamins, and minerals including calcium and vitamin A.

Foraging



is an important part of normal daily parrot activity. Teach and encourage pet birds to play and forage. Formulated diets (“pellets” or “crumbles”) provide more complete and balanced nutrition, do not allow selective feeding, and should comprise about 75% of the diet

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Dark leafy greens, vegetables, and fruits can make up 20-25% of diet Treats should be limited to only 5% of the diet Clean, fresh water should be provided daily

They  require complete balanced

food blends of grains, seeds, and other nutrients. They  are

more prone to deficiency in vitaminA/beta-carotene, and therefore benefit from eating vegetables high in beta-carotene, such as cooked sweet potato and fresh kale. Vitamin-D deficiency is another concern, especially for greys on a poor diet. O ff e r i n g a b a l a n c e d , pelleted diet, such as NutriBerries, for the main diet of an African grey helps prevent vitamin and mineral deficiencies. A grey that consumes a pelleted diet generally does not need vitamin supplements added to its food. Breeding African greys reach sexual maturity when they are between three and five years old. They mate for life. In most regions, the birds breed during the dry season; some populations breed twice a year. Grey parrots are monogamous breeders that nest in tree cavities. Each couple of parrots needs their

Ensure proper nutrition and husbandry.  Recommend quarantine of newly acquired birds.  Perform additional testing for select diseases based on history and physical exam findings: avian polyoma virus and avian chlamydiosis.  Determine origin and history of newly acquired sick birds to contain and prevent further spread of disease.  Birds housed in large groups or aviaries are at higher risk of Pacheco's disease virus and use of the vaccine may be indicated.  The avian polyomavirus vaccine is recommended for breeding populations.  Physical examinations every 6-12 months o C o n s u l t a veterinarian with experience in avian medicine if you have any questions or concerns about your bird's health.  Annual fecal examination for parasites, yeast, and bacteria  Va c c i n a t i o n f o r Polyomavirus, as directed by your veterinarian  Routine blood testing  Wing, nail trimming as needed Restraint 

Restrain 

thumb and forefinger under the mandible and securing the outer wing with the remaining three fingers. Use the opposite hand to hold the feet.  Facial bruising can be seen if fingers are placed over the bare facial patch. Veinpuncture Use a 26-gauge needle and 1 to 3-mL syringe to draw blood from the right jugular vein. Collection of up to 1% of body weight is acceptable in healthy patients. Injections Intramuscular (IM) : Reasonably safe, most accurate-Inject middle of muscle mass: Ideal location –Pectoral muscle mass Subcutaneous (SQ): Large volumes can be injected, poor absorption. Location: Inguinal or precrural fold Intravenous: Effective, narrow safety range.Right jugular vein or brachial vein is most commonly used.Alternative option: superficial metatarsal vein. The Congo African grey and the Timneh African grey (Psittacus erithacus timneh) are tend to come in a variety of sizes and shades of gray. Both birds make equally fine companions. African grey parrots are more likely to be available in avian-specialty stores or from a bird breeder. African greys are also sometimes available for adoption from bird rescue/adoption organizations.

grey parrots by holding the

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own tree to nest in a cavity some 30 metres (100 feet) off the ground. The pair enacts a dance in which both partners droop their wings prior to mating. The female then remains in the nest cavity, where she lays three to five eggs, which she incubates for 30 days while being fed by her mate. The adults defend their nesting sites. Both parents help take care of the chicks until they can go off on their own. Grey parrot chicks require feeding and care from their parents in the nest. The parents take care of them until 4-5 weeks after they are fledged. Young leave the nest at the age of 10–12 weeks. Young birds are submissive to older flock members.They weigh 12–14 g (0.42–0.49 oz) at hatching and 372–526 g (13.1–18.6 oz) when they leave their parents. Common Medical Disorders  Behavioral problems (e.g. feather picking, fearfulness, aggression)  Respiratory diseases  Hypocalcemia syndrome  Circovirus (PBFD virus)  Nasal blockages (bacterial, fungal, secondary to malnutrition)  Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) Preventive Care  Obtain a complete history and perform a thorough annual physical examination.  Establish baseline data with regular clinical testing ( complete blood count , protein electrophoresis, and plasma biochemistries.

Press Release

Research paves way for tackling AMR in poultry UK company GAMA Healthcare, best known for its infection control products in hospitals, is partnering with 'Scotlands Rural College (SRUC), CIEL – the UK's livestock innovation centre, and Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), to customise and trial innovative patented technology for use in poultry. The technology, held by Aga Nanotech – a sister company to GAMA Healthcare, couples a cancer medicine delivery system w i t h re a c t i v e , s h o r t - l i v e d antiseptic compounds. Laboratory trials have already shown the loaded nanoparticles to be effective in treating antibiotic resistant bacteria. The novel technology can be customised to meet the specific needs of the end-user, delivering a toxic payload to bacteria present within the animal, and can be produced cheaply and safely. Trials are under way at the newlyo p e n e d A l l e r m u i r Av i a n Innovation and Skills Centre near Edinburgh, the UK's largest poultry research facility of its kind, developed through SRUC and CIEL. Initial findings will subsequently be trialled across several commercial poultry farms in China. The use of antimicrobial treatments in agriculture is vital in protecting animal health and aiding the production of safe and nutritious food. However, overuse of antibiotics in the livestock sector is attributed to the rise in multi-drug resistant (MDR)

bacteria, constituting a significant threat to broader animal and public health. The £1 million project is jointly funded by the 'UK Department of Health and Social Cares AMR fund, managed through Innovate UK, and 'Chinas Ministry of Science and Technology. The funding will enable the project team to identify nanoparticles possessing correct biocide release rates for animal use and test effectiveness of the technology in poultry. CIEL's Nikki Dalby, lead project manager, said: “There are clear veterinary and human health benefits associated with the successful implementation of this alternative technology. Further gains include improved food security, food integrity and supply chain resilience, in turn leading to much wider economic benefits. “There is a definite market demand for alternatives to antibiotics that we believe this solution can meet and we are really excited to be working with this group on such an interesting project.” Adrian Fellows, R&D director at AGA Nanotech, said: “Poultry meat is one of the most common sources of protein in the world, and is consumed in all areas of the world, not just wealthy nations. “This research project has great potential because we believe, if successful, we can deliver it at a price point where it can be used in both developed and developing nations.” Dr Jos Houdijk, Professor of Animal Nutrition and Health at

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SRUC, said: “Evaluating novel additives to maintain and improve gut health under appropriate conditions is key for the successful implementation of alternatives for antibiotics and to address the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in animal production systems. “In this UK-China Innovate-UK project, we aim to deliver this at our Allermuir AISC through a series of small-scale pilot and larger-scale near-market broiler studies, prior to field testing at large scale poultry farms in China, with performance and microbiome measurements as key indicators to the success of the novel approach developed.” 2019 Women's Leadership Conference encourages continuous leadership cultivation along one's career path Industry leaders shared personal stories of their ladders to success, encouraging the women in attendance to learn from their experiences. As part of his industry overview presentation, Bob “Pic” B i l l i n g s l e y, d i r e c t o r o f development and engineering for Sanderson Farms and US Poultry board member, commented on how drastically things have changed during his time in the poultry industry. "Because of the growth of the poultry industry over the past 35 years, the industry would not be where it is today without women. When I started my career nearly 35 years ago, almost every position in corporate offices of poultry companies were filled with men. Today, we have women on executive boards of poultry

those of any other organ. It makes sense, then, that it's the first organ to falter when nutrients are under supplied.” Certainty for farmers and growers as Home Office clarifies immigration policy “I heard from alarmed farm businesses across the country who feared ending freedom of movement immediately after Brexit would cut off a critical supply of people coming to work in essential roles across British food and farming, causing untold impacts on farm and the supply chain. “The NFU raised these concerns at two meetings with the Home Secretary in recent weeks, and it is welcome news that we have been heard and businesses now have much-needed clarity. “However, questions still remain about the UK's future immigration policy and it is essential that this is fit for purpose and based on business need, reflecting the importance of both permanent and seasonal workers to the industry. “Fruit, veg and flower growers are still seeing a tightening of the seasonal labour supply and we are continuing to ask Government to expand the number of permits in its seasonal workers pilot scheme, in preparation for a transition to a fully functioning scheme in 2021. “It is vital the Government recognises the importance of overseas workers coming to work in the UK, helping to deliver the safe, traceable and affordable food to the nation.” TA M U p o u l t r y s c i e n c e student receives prestigious scholarship

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Dr Denton, Executive Director of the Poultry Science Association Foundation, established the scholarship in memory of his beloved wife Shirley, who was admired by faculty and students in Poultry Science for her support of Dr Denton as faculty advisor for the Poultry Science Club. Dr Denton ser ved as Poultry Marketing Specialist with the Texas Agricultural Service beginning in 1977 and later served as Associate Department Head-Extension and Department Head in Poultry Science. The scholarship is intended to support a rising junior who has chosen Poultry Science as their field of study and has expressed an interest in graduate education for the MS and PhD. “Because Ms Froebel is enrolled in Poultry Science with a dual major in Animal Science she is clearly progressing in her studies and will be an outstanding candidate for graduate studies for the MS and PhD to develop as a future scientist,” said Dr Denton. NFU urges Government to review no-deal applied tariffs The NFU has written to Prime Minister Boris Johnson calling for a n u r g e n t re v i e w o f t h e government's no-deal trade tariff policy that would come into effect if the UK leaves the EU without a deal. Under the current no-deal applied trade tariffs, the UK would be forced to trade on World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules, meaning UK farmers would face higher fees on exports such as 48 percent on lamb and 84 percent on beef (see graphic below).

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companies, women filling manager positions and women managing poultry complexes,” Billingsley said. “Do you think a woman will be the president or CEO of a poultry company in 35 years? Yes, it will happen.” A collection of personal success stories in female leadership was shared in a presentation featuring Mandy Klopp, head of operations, Arcadia, Moorefield, & Natchitoches for 'Pilgrims, Pat Hawkins, Mississippi live hatchery manager for Tyson Foods, and Linda Anderson, plant director for Kellogg Company. The women shared their experiences about the ups and downs of their career trajectories and the unique challenges faced by women in the industry. The correlation between mental health and effective leadership was the topic of several presentations during the two-day conference. Kendall McEachin, president of McPerri Group Enterprises, spoke on leadership from the inside out, focusing on s e l f - a w a re n e s s , e m o t i o n a l intelligence and clear communication that is crucial in good leaders. With a shift in focus from personal development to physical health and nutrition, Zonya Foco, speaker, author and nutritionist of Zonya Health International Inc , devoted her topic to the importance of eating for mental wellness. Foco emphasised the critical role of nutrition in mental health and the dangers of ignoring its importance, commenting, “The brain is the most metabolically active organ in the body, and its nutritional needs are ten times higher than

Prevents T.D. & lameness

Improves hatchability in breeders

Higher production

Reduces egg breakage

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