Snooping on Others' Personal Correspondences | Gheen, Webber, Kelly, Botros, Spradlin, and Schoenfeld
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 16(4), 453–463. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(77)80039-X Massar, K., Buunk, A. P., & Rempt, S. (2012). Age differences in women’s tendency to gossip are mediated by their mate value. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(1), 106–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.09.013 May, K. E., & Elder, A. D. (2018). Efficient, helpful, or distracting? A literature review of media multitasking in relation to academic performance. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-018-0096-z McAndrew, F. T., Bell, E. K., & Garcia, C. M. (2007). Who do we tell and whom do we tell on? Gossip as a strategy for status enhancement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(7), 1562–1577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00227.x Mesghina, A., Wong, J. T., Davis, E. L., Lerner, B. S., Jackson-Green, B. J., & Richland, L. E. (2021). Distressed to distracted: Examining undergraduate learning and stress regulation during the COVID-19 pandemic. AERA Open, 7(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584211065721 Milyavskaya, M., Saffran, M., Hope, N., & Koestner, R. (2018). Fear of missing out: Prevalence, dynamics, and consequences of experiencing FOMO. Motivation and Emotion, 42(5), 725–737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-018-9683-5 Mokhtari, K., Delello, J., & Reichard, C. (2015). Connected yet distracted: Multitasking among college students. Journal of College Reading and Learning, 45(2), 164–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/10790195.2015.1021880 Moore, K. N. (2011). Cyberbullying: An exploratory study of adolescent girls’ perspectives on technology’s impact on relationships. Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology. Nwanosike, C. L., Ujoatuonu, I. V. N., Kanu, G. C., Ike, O. O., & Okeke, T. J. (2022). Social bullying among undergraduates: The roles of internet gaming disorder, risk-taking behavior, and internet addiction. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.830794 Oh, C., Herrera, F., & Bailenson, J. (2019). The effects of immersion and real-world distractions on virtual social interactions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22(6), 365–372. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0404 Oliver, M. D., Levy, J. J., & Baldwin, D. R. (2020). Examining the effects of musical type and intensity in performing the flanker task: A test of attentional control theory applied to non-emotional distractions. Psychology of Music, 49(4), 1017–1026. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735620922599 Ophir, E., Nass, C., & Wagner, A. D. (2009). Cognitive control in media multitaskers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(37), 15583–15587. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903620106 Peng, X., Jiao, C., Cui, F., Chen, Q., Li, P., & Li, H. (2017). The time course of indirect moral judgment in gossip processing modulated by different agents. Psychophysiology, 54(10), 1459–1471. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12893 Peng, X., Li, Y., Wang, P., Mo, L., & Chen, Q. (2015). The ugly truth: Negative gossip about celebrities and positive gossip about self entertain people in different ways. Social Neuroscience, 10(3), 320–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470919.2014.999162 Renner, B. (2006). Curiosity about people: The development of a social curiosity measure in adults. Journal of Personality Assessment, 87(3), 305–316. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa8703_11 Roberts, B. W., Lejuez, C., Krueger, R. F., Richards, J. M., & Hill, P. L. (2014). What is conscientiousness and how can it be assessed? Developmental
Psychology, 50(5), 1315–1330. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031109 Stavropoulos, V., Kuss, D., Griffiths, M., & Motti-Stefanidi, F. (2016). A longitudinal study of adolescent internet addiction: The role of conscientiousness and classroom hostility. Journal of Adolescent Research, 31(4), 442–473. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558415580163 Tandon, A., Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P., & Mäntymäki, M. (2021). Dark consequences of social media-induced fear of missing out (FoMO): Social media stalking, comparisons, and fatigue. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 171(June). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120931 Tellegen, A., & Atkinson, G. (1974). Openness to absorbing and self-altering experiences (“absorption”), a trait related to hypnotic susceptibility. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83(3), 268–277. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315252858-23 Throuvala, M. A., Griffiths, M. D., Rennoldson, M., & Kuss, D. J. (2019). A ‘control model’ of social media engagement in adolescence: A grounded theory analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234696 Tsukayama, E., Duckworth, A. L., & Kim, B. (2012). Resisting everything except temptation: Evidence and an explanation for domain-specific impulsivity. European Journal of Personality, 26(3), 318–334. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.841 Wallace, J. C., Kass, S. J., & Stanny, C. J. (2002). The cognitive failures questionnaire revisited: Dimensions and correlates. Journal of General Psychology, 129(3), 238–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221300209602098 Watson, D. C. (2012). Gender differences in gossip and friendship. Sex Roles, 67(9–10), 494–502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-012-0160-4 Westin, F., & Chiasson, S. (2021, May). “It’s so difficult to sever that connection”: The role of FoMO in users’ reluctant privacy behaviours. Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. (pp. 1–15). https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445104 Wilson, D. S., Wilczynski, C., Wells, A., & Weiser, L. (2000). Gossip and other aspects of language as group-level adaptations. In C. Heyes & L. Huber (Eds.), The evolution of cognition (pp. 347–365). The MIT Press. Wu, F., & Huberman, B. A. (2007). Novelty and collective attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104(45), 17599–17601. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0704916104 Yemoh, M., & Amitai, F. I. (2022). The cost of workplace distractions to labor productivity; personal use of social media and hand-held devices during working hours. International Journal of Advanced Scientific Innovation, 04(5). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7412398 Author Note Caroline Gheen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-6346 Timothy J. Schoenfeld https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7134-7296 A. Gracie Kelly https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6313-1233 Schyler Webber is now at the School of Nursing at Vanderbilt University. A. Gracie Kelly is now at the Department of Psychology at George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. We have no known conflict of interest to disclose. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Timothy J. Schoenfeld, 1900 Belmont Blvd., McWhorter Rm 413, Psychology, Nashville, TN, 37212, United States. Email: timothy. schoenfeld@belmont.edu
FALL 2023 PSI CHI JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
211 COPYRIGHT 2023 BY PSI CHI, THE INTERNATIONAL HONOR SOCIETY IN PSYCHOLOGY (VOL. 28, NO. 3/ISSN 2325-7342)
