Introductions
Parkland PillarÂŽ Asian White Birch
Successful plants for the northern plains and prairies require winter hardiness levels not necessary in most populated areas of the world. Tolerance to dry, alkaline soils, fluctuating temperatures, and short frost free seasons are also crucial requirements. Consumer trends and demands have evolved to include the need for smaller trees to meet the compact lot sizes, seedless male trees to avoid the weediness of some species, and most importantly resistance to the pest and disease issues which have arisen over the last 50 years. The nursery industry has lost many of its mainstay plants to disease and insect threats. American Elm, the #1 boulevard tree in the 1900-1950 period succumbed to the introduced Dutch Elm Disease; Schubert chokecherry, the #1 purple-leafed tree succumbed to Black Knot fungus; Swedish Aspen, the #1 northern columnar tree succumbed to the introduced Bronze Leaf disease. Most recently, the spreading threat of emerald ash borer is threatening the popular ash cultivars which had replaced American Elm as the top choice in boulevard tree plantings. The lesson learned should be to avoid the overuse of any one tree species and to recognize the importance of continuing tree development to provide new pest and disease resistance. This booklet describes most of the new plants brought to the market place by Jeffries Nurseries over the past 30 years. They have come from our own R&D work, from cooperative work with public institutions (University of Manitoba & Agriculture Canada) and from cooperation with private plant breeders such as Greg Morgenson of North Dakota, Dwayne Beck of Alberta, the Coutts family of Saskatchewan and the Boughen family of Manitoba. These new plants have been grown by our company and licensed to other growers and agents in the USA and Europe. They have been developed by growers for growers; are profitable plants to grow; and have and will continue to impact the nursery industry. Our company’s breeding work reflects the efforts of Rick Durand (former staff member) and Philip Ronald who have helped lead the R & D activities over most of the past 30 years. Michel Touchette, of our company, has been active in rose breeding evaluation and assisting in the introduction and promotion of new Canadian roses. The worldclass Monarda consortium introductions trace to the work of Henry Marshall and Lynn Collicutt (Morden Research Centre), the lily introductions to the work of Wilbert Ronald and Lynn Collicutt (Morden Research Center) and Pink Beauty and Mango Tango Potentilla to the work of Professor Louis Lenz and his students (University of Manitoba). The cultivars in this booklet have come about through the efforts of dedicated plants people who were trained or self-taught in plant breeding, but all of whom had an eye for great plants. They have used selection from openpollinated and controlled-cross seedling populations, observed natural interspecific hybridization (Silverado olive, Green Spires Caragana), multi-generational interspecific and conventional cross breeding (Monarda, Lily, Potentilla) and on occasion have discovered apparent natural mutations as in the case of Goldspur Amur Cherry and Parkland Pillar Birch. The advent of Canadian Plant Breeders Rights (CPBR) in 1990 and the earlier developed US Plant Patent (USPP) in 1930 have provided propriety protection and stimulated the development of new plants. However, the last 25 years have seen the end of many extensive university and government breeding programs and the emergence of brand development mostly based on private and European breeding introductions. While many of these new plants are outstanding, testing and garden use will be needed to identify the best cultivars and eliminate many that lack winter hardiness for zones 2 and 3. Growers and gardeners are the losers if superior plants remain unknown due to a lack of branding and promotion. We hope you will enjoy the descriptions of these plants as much as we have enjoyed putting them together. May you enjoy growing these new plants and should you require further information please feel free to call upon us or our U.S. Agents. Look for more new plants in the future as plant breeding work continues. Wilbert Ronald & Philip Ronald March 2017 1
Jeffries’ Headquarters
Jeffries’ headquarters is located 6 miles east of Portage la Prairie, Manitoba and features 30 acres of container production, greenhouse and cold storage facilities.
Jeffries research cooperators include many skilled propagators like Dave Adamson of Adamson Nursery, shown here with plants of Goldspur Amur Cherry.
Jeffries’ Young farm
Jeffries’ Young farm is located south of Portage la Prairie along the Assiniboine river and is the site of caliper tree production, tree propagation and research evaluations.
Bailey Nurseries has served as a valued U.S. partner. Here staff pose with test plants of Silverado Olive, Little Rebel Dogwood, Green Spires Caragana and Royal Crown Amur Maple.
In July 3, 2010, her majesty Queen Elizabeth II visited the Manitoba Legislature grounds in Winnipeg to assist with the plantings of an Amber Jubilee Ninebark. Amber Jubilee was named in honour of the queen’s Diamond Jubilee in 2012. Rick Durand (L) and Wilbert Ronald (R), developers of Amber Jubilee Ninebark were on hand to witness the planting.
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THE PRAIRIE TRUST PROJECT The rural and urban forests of the Canadian Prairies are at serious risk from invasive pest species such as Emerald Ash Borer, Dutch Elm Disease, and Cottony Psyllid. The purpose of the Prairie Trust project is to develop an expanded list of tree cultivars suitable to survive and thrive in these zones. The findings are of importance to the public, municipalities, landscape architects, and nursery growers. Jeffries Nurseries is pleased to be a partner in the Prairie Trust project. In the absence of a government operated program for the testing of new cultivars of shade trees for the colder climate zones of Canada (zones 3 to 2), Western Nursery Growers Group established a short-term trial of approximately 150 cultivars that were either new to the region, or previously not in widespread cultivation but had shown anecdotal evidence for worthiness in these climate zones. Each cultivar/selection in the trial was evaluated for five years or until the tree reached a tree bole caliper of 80 mm. Each tree in the trial was measured for height, width, caliper, vigour and hardiness. The presence of flowers, seed, disease and insects was also recorded. The Western Nursery Growers Group has developed a recommended tree list based on the results of the WNGG tree trial that ran for eight years (2008-2016) and/or from WNGG member's personal experiences when growing these trees. The trees are classified into four categories: Recommended, Collector, Not Recommended and Trees that Need More Information. This tree list as well as detailed descriptions for each of these categories can be accessed on-line at:
http://www.prairietrees.ca/Prairie-Tested-Trees.htm
First planting of WNGG tree trial at Portage la Prairie site May 14, 2008
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SHADE & FLOWERING TREES Starlite® Flowering Crabapple
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Fall colour in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba - October 10, 2013
Royal Crown® Amur Maple - Acer ginnala ‘JefUM’
USPP 27,278
An Amur Maple cultivar selected for its chlorosis resistance on alkaline soils. Royal Crown was developed at the University of Manitoba by Martha Barwinsky and Dr. Bill Remphrey and commercialized by Jeffries Nurseries. Named for its attractive reddish-purple fall foliage, Royal Crown can be grown as a clump specimen with 3-5 equal main stems or as a tree-form maple with a single dominant trunk. Royal Crown is an excellent choice for today’s smaller home landscapes. As one of the few Canadian cultivars of Amur Maple it offers consistent quality for the species. MATURE SIZE:
20’ x 15’ (6 m x 5 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
FALL FOLIAGE:
Burgundy-red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, Advance Nursery, Adamson Nursery
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Fall colour in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba - September 29, 2016
Regal Celebration™ Freeman Maple - Acer x freemanii ‘Jefcel’ A medium-sized shade tree with excellent hardiness, adaptation to alkaline soils and outstanding red fall colour. Regal Celebration is a seedling from a cross between Red and Silver Maple. Regal Celebration is a seedless male tree with zone 2 cold hardiness, with an excellent growth rate and consistent red fall colour during the first week of October. It has been tested in Manitoba for more than 10 years. The Regal Celebration has been chosen by Manitoba’s Lieutenant Governor Janice Filmon as a sustainable way to recognize Order of Manitoba recipients and to commemorate Canada’s 150th birthday. MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 30’ (12 m x 9 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
FALL FOLIAGE:
Bright-red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries 6
Prairie Rouge
Fall colour in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba - September 22, 2014
Regal Celebration
Prairie Rouge™ Red Maple - Acer rubrum ‘Jefrouge’ A small shade tree, Prairie Rouge is a cold hardy cultivar of red maple with outstanding red fall colour. Selected from a native stand near Sioux Narrows, Ontario, this tree has performed very well in 10 years of evaluation in Manitoba. It shows good chlorosis resistance and dazzling red fall colour during the last week of September. Prairie Rouge is a seedless tree with slow, upright growth. Members of this species prefer rich, slightly acidic soil and a sheltered location. Prairie Rouge Red Maple is scheduled for introduction in 2018. MATURE SIZE:
30’ x 15’ (10 m x 5 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Oval
FALL FOLIAGE:
Red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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Fall colour in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan - September 20, 2016
Inferno® Sugar Maple - Acer saccharum ‘Jeferno’ A medium-sized shade tree, Inferno is a cold hardy cultivar of sugar maple with outstanding orange-red fall colour. Inferno was selected at Jeffries Nurseries in 2004 from a northern-limits seedling population. It has since performed well in regional trials across the prairie provinces including locations in zone 2. Inferno offers improved fall colour and winter hardiness over Unity, the first prairie cultivar of sugar maple. Members of this species prefer rich, well drained soil and a sheltered location. MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 30’ (12 m x 9 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
FALL FOLIAGE:
Orange-red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Budding on sugar maple
PROPAGATORS:
Bailey Nurseries 8
Lord Selkirk Sugar Maple Acer saccharum ‘Jefselk’ A northern seed source of Sugar Maple with good adaptation to conditions in the southern prairies. Seed of Lord Selkirk is collected from established trees in Manitoba or native stands in northwestern Minnesota. Named in honor of the 200th anniversary of the Selkirk settlement along the Red River in 1812-1815.
Unity® Sugar Maple Acer saccharum ‘Jefcan’ A medium-sized shade tree, Unity was the first sugar maple cultivar for the harsh prairie climate. Selected by Jeffries Nurseries as a mature tree on the streets of Morden, Manitoba. Unity features 5-lobed foliage and yellow-orange fall colour. Prefers rich, well drained soil and a sheltered location. MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 30’ (12 m x 9 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Oval
FALL FOLIAGE:
Yellow-orange
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION :
Budding on sugar maple
PROPAGATOR:
Bailey Nurseries Inc.
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MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 30’ (12 m x 9 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Variable
FALL FOLIAGE:
Yellow-orange
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION :
Seed
PROPAGATOR:
Jeffries Nurseries
Fall colour in Portage la Prairie - October 25, 2014
Parkland Pillar® Asian White Birch - Betula platyphylla ‘Jefpark’ USPP 25,468, PBR 4513 A columnar selection of Asian White Birch selected by Dwayne Beck of Parkland Nurseries in Red Deer, Alberta. This new cultivar features dark-green foliage that turns a showy, golden yellow in fall. Attractive beige-white bark is visible throughout the year. Parkland Pillar makes an attractive privacy screen but should be mulched to limit stress and possible birch borer infection. Parkland Pillar was introduced by Jeffries Nurseries and is marketed under Bailey Nurseries First Editions program. MATURE SIZE:
30’ x 9’ (10 m x 3 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Columnar
FALL FOLIAGE:
Golden-yellow
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Tissue culture
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bailey Nurseries, First Editions licensed growers 10
Green Spires® Caragana - Caragana x ‘Jefarb’ A small statured tree for challenging locations. Green Spires is a seedless hybrid originating from a cross between Caragana arborescens and Caragana frutex. This cultivar was selected by Greg Morgenson as a very unique individual from a North Dakota windbreak. Its dark green, compound foliage is resistant to insects and disease. Yellow flowers are produced in June, but no seed pods develop. Green Spires will tolerate impoverished, alkaline soils as well as exposure to drought and salt. However, this species does not thrive in wet soils. MATURE SIZE:
12’ x 8’ (4 m x 2.5 m)
NOTABLE FEATURE: PROPAGATION :
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Seedless
Soft-wood cuttings
CROWN SHAPE:
Upright, oval
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Carlton Plants (U.S.A.)
Nobility
Northern Blaze
Fall colour comparison - September 28, 2011
Fall colour in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba - September 29, 2016
Nobility® White Ash - Fraxinus americana ‘Jefwis’ A medium-sized shade tree with excellent winter hardiness and outstanding purple fall colour. Nobility is a seedless cultivar of White Ash selected from a northern Wisconsin seed source. Nobility possesses upright branching, ovalshaped crown and clean foliage. Foliage turns a deep purple colour early in the fall. Nobility has performed well in the WNGG regional tree trial and is recommended throughout zones 2 and 3. Note: white ash is resistant to cottony psyllid but susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer, which has not yet reached the prairie provinces. MATURE SIZE:
50’ x 30’ (15 m x 9 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Oval
FALL FOLIAGE:
Purple
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Budding on green ash
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, Atlasta Tree Nursery, Advance Nursery 12
Spring flowers - May 16, 2007
Fall foliage colour - October 10, 2013
Emerald Spire® Rosybloom - Malus x adstringens ‘Jefgreen’ USPP 23,863, CPBR 4,684 A small flowering tree with columnar crown shape. Emerald Spire’s upright form and ornamental features help to make it an attractive summer privacy screen. Emerald Spire is closely related to Purple Spire but offers improved flowering and a slightly broader crown. Its disease-free foliage is outstanding throughout the growing season. Abundant spring flowers are dark-pink in the bud stage before opening light pink. Fruit is large and abundant but fruit fall is not considered a problem due to the columnar habit. Emerald Spire was selected and introduced by Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
15’ x 9’ (5 m x 3 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Columnar
FLOWERS:
Abundant, pink
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION :
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, Advance Nursery, J.C. Bakker Nursery, Winkelmolen Nursery, Carlton Plants (U.S.A.)
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Summer foliage colour - July 13, 2013
Fall foliage colour - October 9, 2013
Purple Spire® Rosybloom - Malus x adstingens ‘Jefspire’ A small flowering tree with columnar crown shape. Purple Spire’s upright form and ornamental features help to make it an attractive summer privacy screen. Purple Spire has disease-free foliage that varies from dark-green to purple in colour throughout the growing season. Sparse spring flowers are dark-pink in the bud stage before opening light pink. Purple Spire is a seedling from the controlled cross ‘Wijcik’ x ‘Thunderchild’ made by Dr. David Lane from the Summerland Research Station. Purple Spire was selected in 1999 and is a co-release by Bylands and Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
15’ x 6’ (5 m x 2 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Columnar
FLOWERS:
Sparse, dark pink
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION :
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, Advance Nursery, Carlton Plants (U.S.A.) 14
Indigo Spire
Purple Spire
Indigo Spire™ Rosybloom - Malus x adstringens ‘Jefdig’ A small flowering tree with columnar crown shape and outstanding dark-purple foliage. Indigo Spire retains its purple foliage colour throughout the growing season; a vast improvement over Purple Spire which colours green in midsummer. Sparse spring flowers are pink in colour. Indigo Spire possesses excellent resistance to foliar diseases ensuring its leaves remain clean and shiny. Indigo Spire was selected at Jeffries Nurseries in 2011 and is slated for introduction in spring 2018. MATURE SIZE:
15’ x 6’ (5 m x 2 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Columnar
FLOWERS:
Sparse, pink
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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Spring flowers - May 17, 2016
Green Wall™ Columnar Crabapple - Malus x ‘Jefwall’ A small flowering tree with columnar crown shape. Green Wall’s rapid growth rate and tidy, upright form help to make it an attractive summer privacy screen. Its narrow branch angles result in perfectly vertical branches and a wall-like face to a row planting. Green Wall has glossy, green disease-free foliage during the summer months. Its leaves turn shades of yellow, orange and red in the fall. Sparse white spring flowers result in a few green fruit in fall. Green Wall was selected at Jeffries Nurseries in 2011 and will be introduced in spring 2019. MATURE SIZE:
15’ x 9’ (5 m x 3 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Columnar
FLOWERS:
Sparse, white
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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Fall foliage colour - October 6, 2015
Spring foliage and flowers
Royal Mist® Rosybloom - Malus x adstringens ‘Jefmist’ A small flowering tree with excellent hardiness and outstanding spring flowers. Royal Mist is a Rosybloom crabapple resulting from a cross between ‘Shaughnessy Cohen’ and ‘Thunderchild’. This cultivar is recognized for its outstanding deep-pink flowers and purple spring foliage that turns bronze green in summer. Royal Mist possesses excellent resistance to foliar diseases ensuring its leaves remain clean and shiny throughout the growing season. The fruit of Royal Mist drops rapidly in late summer so trees should not be planted by sidewalks and driveways. MATURE SIZE:
20’ x 15’ (6 m x 5 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Upright, oval
FLOWERS:
Fuchsia-pink
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Lakeshore Tree Farms
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Late summer foliage and berries
Starlite® Flowering Crabapple - Malus baccata ‘Jefstar’ A small flowering tree with excellent hardiness and outstanding spring flowers. Derived from a cross between ‘Spring Snow’ and ‘Rosthern’, Starlite has upright branching and fragrant, white flowers. This new cultivar also offers glossy green foliage and tiny red fruit. Tiny, candy-like berries are retained through winter attracting songbirds and providing unique ornamental value. Starlite possesses excellent resistance to foliar diseases including apple scab ensuring its leaves remain clean and shiny throughout the growing season. MATURE SIZE:
25’ x 15’ (8 m x 5 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Upright, oval
FLOWERS:
White
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, Atlasta Nursery JC Bakker Nurseries, Advance Nursery, J. M. Peeters Carlton Plants (U.S.A.), Sester Farms (U.S.A.) 18
Guardian™ Columnar Aspen - Populus x ‘Jefguard’ A medium-sized tree with excellent hardiness and fast growth rate. Guardian is a complex aspen poplar hybrid with a demonstrated level of bronze leaf disease resistance. A male seedless tree, Guardian provides a fast-growing, vertical element to the prairie landscape. Young trees may require some shearing to develop a fullness. Growth rate similar to other columnar aspen poplars. Guardian was selected and introduced by Jeffries Nurseries in fall of 2016. MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 10’ (12 m x 3 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Columnar
FLOWERS:
Fuchsia-pink
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Tissue culture
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Agri-forest Biotechnologies
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Fall foliage colour - October 3, 2006
Skyfest® Cottonwood - Populus deltoides ‘Jefcot’ A large native shade tree with excellent hardiness and fast growth rate. Skyfest is a male cottonwood selected from a native stand in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba. Skyfest possesses an upright growth habit and high disease resistance. Dark green summer foliage turns golden in the fall. Skyfest is valued as a shelterbelt tree for prairie landscapes. It is also a excellent choice for naturalization projects and park plantings. Skyfest was selected and introduced by Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
80’ x 30’ (24 m x 9 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Upright, oval
FALL COLOUR:
Golden
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Hardwood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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Klondike®
Goldspur®
Exfoliating bark
Klondike® Amur Cherry - Prunus maackii ‘Jefdike’ A flowering tree with excellent hardiness and outstanding orange-red bark. Klondike is a full-sized cultivar of Amur Cherry that arose as a seedling of cultivar ‘Goldspur’. It shows a vigorous growth rate and improved resistance to frost cracking. It produces clusters of white spring flowers followed by tiny black fruit in mid-summer. Klondike is an excellent small tree for the landscape and shows complete resistance to black knot fungal disease. Klondike was selected and introduced by Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
25’ x 15’ (8 m x 5 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
BARK:
Orange-red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings Tissue culture
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Advance Nursery, Atlasta Nursery, Adamson Nursery, FloraMaxx
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Summer foliage
Fall foliage colour - October 14, 2014
Goldspur® Amur Cherry - Prunus maackii ‘Jefspur’
USPP 19,665, CPBR 3,903
A small flowering tree with excellent hardiness and outstanding orange-red bark. Goldspur is a dwarf selection of Amur Cherry with controlled growth and unique tufts of dark green foliage. It produces clusters of white spring flowers followed by tiny black fruit in mid-summer. Goldspur is an excellent small tree for the landscape and shows complete resistance to black knot disease. Discovered by Philip Ronald in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (zone 2), Goldspur was introduced by Jeffries Nurseries and is marketed under Bailey Nurseries First Editions program in the United States. MATURE SIZE:
15’ x 10’ (5 m x 3 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
BARK:
Orange-red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings Tissue culture
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, FloraMaxx, Agri-forest Biotechnologies, Sester Farms (U.S.A.), J. Frank Schmidt Nursery (U.S.A.) 22
Exfoliating bark
Retained winter foliage
Admiration® Hybrid Oak - Quercus x jackiana ‘Jefmir’ A medium-sized shade tree with many outstanding features. Admiration is a hybrid oak (Q. alba x Q. bicolor) found growing as a mature street tree in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (zone 2). Admiration features an excellent growth rate, shaggy bark and glossy, dark-green foliage. Leaves turn golden in the fall and are retained throughout the winter months. Acorn production is limited. Admiration is the only hybrid oak cultivar selected for zones 2 & 3 and provides faster growth and uniform quality compared to seedling specimens of Bur Oak. A Jeffries Nurseries introduction. MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 30’ (12 m x 9 m)
NOTABLE FEATURE: PROPAGATION :
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Exfoliating bark
Budding on bur oak
CROWN SHAPE:
Pyramidal to oval
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, Carlton Plants (U.S.A.)
Fall foliage colour
Golden Cascade™ Littleleaf Linden - Tilia cordata ‘Golden Cascade’ A medium-sized shade tree with excellent winter hardiness and outstanding golden fall colour. Golden Cascade was one of the first introductions from Jeffries renowned R&D program. This unique cultivar offers cascading new growth, medium-sized, dark-green leaves and small, fragrant flowers. Compared to other Little Leaf Linden selections, Golden Cascade has a more rapid growth rate and better resistance to leaf spot, leaf galls and sunscald. Golden Cascade offers a reduced crown size compared to American Linden and is an excellent shade tree for lawns, parks and streets. MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 25’ (12 m x 8 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Pyramidal, cascading
FALL FOLIAGE:
Golden
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Budding on linden seedlings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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Exfoliating bark
Fall foliage colour - September 30, 2005
Harvest Gold® Mongolian Linden - Tilia x mongolica ‘Harvest Gold’ USPP 12,232 Harvest Gold, a hybrid between Tilia mongolica and Tilia cordata, is a medium-sized shade tree with many outstanding features. Released in 2000, it was one of the early introductions from Jeffries R&D program. This cultivar offers ascending branches, attractive glossy green leaves, consistent golden fall colour and scaly bark that readily exfoliates. Harvest Gold prefers moist sites with good drainage. It is resistant to sunscald, leafspot and Japanese beetle. This cultivar is useful where a medium-sized shade tree is required for the urban environment. MATURE SIZE:
40’ x 25’ (12 m x 8 m)
NOTABLE FEATURE: PROPAGATION :
Exfoliating bark
Budding on linden seedlings
CROWN SHAPE:
Pyramidal to oval
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATORS:
Many in North America U.S. Agent: Bailey Nurseries Inc.
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Norlin™ Littleleaf Linden - Tilia cordata ‘Norlin’ USPP 8,239 A medium-sized shade tree with excellent winter hardiness, Norlin was one of the early introductions from Jeffries R&D program. This cultivar features a broad pyramidal crown, medium-sized, dark-green leaves and small, fragrant flowers. Compared to other selections of Little Leaf Linden, Norlin has a more rapid growth rate and better resistance to leaf spot, leaf gall and sunscald. Norlin offers a reduced crown size compared to American Linden (Basswood) and is an valuable shade tree for lawns, parks and streets. MATURE SIZE:
50’ x 30’ (15 m x 10 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Pyramidal
FALL FOLIAGE:
Golden
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION :
Budding on linden seedlings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, JC Bakker Nurseries, South Pelham Winkelmolen Nursery, Connon Nurseries NVK 26
JEFFRIES NURSERIES SHRUB CULTIVAR TRIAL Jeffries Nurseries commenced a trial planting of ornamental shrub cultivars in 2013. Over the last four years close to 200 cultivars from a number of important genera have been planted at the site. The trial site is located on the west side of Jeffries’ Young farm. This location offers clean-cultivated, sandy loam soils. No mulch has been applied to the trial plants, but good snow cover is seen in most winters. The objective of the trial is to sift through the hundreds of new shrub cultivars entering the marketplace in order to arrive at a short list for the prairie region. We have begun to evaluate:
winter hardiness mature size / habit pest resistance timing/duration of flowering colour/quality of foliage
Preliminary results from Jeffries shrub trial can be accessed at www.jeffriesnurseries.com
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SHRUBS
Mandarin TangoÂŽ Potentilla
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Winter stem colour
Fall foliage
Little Rebel® Dogwood - Cornus alba ‘Jefreb’
USPP 27,402, CPBR 4,851
A dwarf shrub with excellent winter stem colour. Little Rebel offers crisp green foliage throughout the growing season in combination with a round compact form. In the fall, its foliage turns an attractive maroon-red in colour. Little Rebel will be effective as a small shrub in the landscape, whether massed or planted in small groups. Its densely arranged, blood-red winter stems are a welcome addition to the prairie landscape, where foliage is absent for 6 months of the year. Little Rebel was selected and introduced by Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
3-4’ x 3-4’ (1 m x 1 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Globe
FALL FOLIAGE:
Maroon-red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Van Belle Nurseries, Adamson Nursery, Bylands Nurseries
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Original plant
Silverado™ Hybrid Olive - Elaeagnus x ‘Jefsil’ A medium-sized shrub with silver-gray foliage and limited suckering. Silverado is a sterile hybrid resulting from a natural cross between Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) and Wolf Willow (Elaeagnus commutata). The feature of sterility is very important since Russian Olive has proven to be invasive in many environments. Silverado is very tolerant to salt and drought making it a suitable choice for roadside plantings in the prairie region. This cultivar was selected by Greg Morgenson of North Dakota and commercialized by Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
10’ x 10’ (3 m x 3 m)
SUMMER FOLIAGE: PROPAGATION :
Silver
Soft-wood cuttings
CROWN SHAPE:
Pyramidal
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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Flower clusters
Spring foliage
Fall foliage
Amber Jubilee® Ninebark - Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Jefam’
USPP 23,177, CPBR 4,765
Amber Jubilee offers a unique blend of foliage colours including new growth that takes on shades of yellow and orange in summer before turning purple in the fall. Foliage on mature sections of the plant is lime-green. Annual pruning of the stem tips will help this plant look its best. Amber Jubilee will be effective as a medium shrub in the landscape, whether massed or planted in small groupings. Amber Jubilee was introduced by Jeffries Nurseries and is marketed under Bailey Nurseries First Editions program. MATURE SIZE:
5-6’ x 5-6’ (2 m x 2 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
FALL FOLIAGE:
Maroon-red
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
First Editions Licensed Growers
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Mandarin Tango™ Potentilla - Potentilla fruticosa ‘Jefman’
USPPAF
Mandarin Tango is a compact plant with profuse flowering. Mandarin Tango is a tidy plant that forms a round compact ball with little pruning required. Its flowers are mandarin-orange in colour with a touch of red from its ‘Red Robin’ parent. It is hoped this new cultivar will replace ‘Orange Whisper’ in the nursery trade. Mandarin Tango is a good plant for the shrub border, low hedges, or for mass plantings. Mandarin Tango was introduced by Jeffries Nurseries in 2017 and will be marketed under Bailey Nurseries First Editions Program. MATURE SIZE:
2’ x 2’ (0.6 m x 0.6 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
FLOWERS:
Deep orange
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
First Editions Licensed Growers
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Mango Tango® Potentilla - Potentilla fruticosa ‘UMan’
USPP 12,258, CPBR 755
A dwarf shrub that flowers throughout the growing season. Mango Tango has bicolour flowers that display shades of orange-red radiating from the centre of the flower onto the base colour of deep-yellow. The flowers show an intensity of red during the cooler weather. Mango Tango has a tidy, compact form and performs well on dry sites. It can be used in mass plantings, in borders or alone in smaller landscapes. Developed at the University of Manitoba, Department of Plant Science by Professor Louis Lenz and commercialized by Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
2’ x 2’ (0.6 m x 0.6 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
FLOWERS:
Orange-red on yellow
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Many across North America
U.S. Agent: Bailey Nurseries Inc., E.U. Agent: Selection New Plants 33
Pink Beauty® Potentilla - Potentilla fruticosa ‘Pink Beauty’ USPP 9,874, CPBR 714 A dwarf shrub that flowers throughout the growing season. Pink Beauty is a distinctive potentilla cultivar with semidouble flowers in a very attractive medium-pink. The bright-green foliage is bushy and forms a mounded shrub. Pink Beauty’s superior plant vigour results in this cultivar having a long flowering duration. In very extreme heat the flowers will develop a lighter pink colour. Developed at the University of Manitoba, Department of Plant Science by Professor Louis Lenz and commercialized by Jeffries Nurseries. MATURE SIZE:
3’ x 3’ (1 m x 1 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Rounded
FLOWERS:
Pink
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Many across North America
U.S. Agent: Bailey Nurseries Inc., E.U. Agent: Selection New Plants 34
Little Lady™ Hybrid Lilac - Syringa x ‘Jeflady’
USPPAF
A unique hybrid lilac, this new cultivar combines the large, fragrant flower panicles of Syringa patula ‘Miss Kim’ with the dwarf compact habit of Syringa meyeri (Dwarf Korean’ lilac). With a mature height of only 4-5 feet (1.5 m), Little Lady will grow to half the size of ‘Miss Kim’. Sure to be a winner in the space-limited residential landscapes of today, Little Lady offers superb winter hardiness in zones 2 and 3. Little Lady was selected in 2008 and introduced by Jeffries Nurseries in 2017. MATURE SIZE:
4-5’ x 3-4’ (1.5 m x 1 m)
CROWN SHAPE:
Globe
FLOWERS:
Pink
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION :
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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FRUIT TREES
Prairie MagicÂŽ Apple
36
Gemini® Apple - Malus x ‘Jefcoutts’ Gemini represents an exciting fruit variety developed for the Canadian prairies. A seedling of the cross ‘Norland’ x ‘Haralson’ selected by the late Mr. Art Coutts of Unity, Saskatchewan. Developed under zone 2 conditions, the tree has excellent cold hardiness. Gemini produces fruit that is crisp, juicy and of medium sweetness. The fruit ripens in late August and stores well into the next year. Its fruit quality assures it will be well-regarded by the prairie gardener. Fruit set requires cross pollination by a unique prairie apple or crabapple cultivar. FRUIT SIZE:
7-8 cm
FRUIT COLOUR:
Red over pale yellow
FLOWERS:
Pink buds, white blooms
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION:
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries
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Odyssey® Apple - Malus x ‘Jefsey’ Odyssey was discovered as a chance seedling in a population of ornamental crabapples. Monitored for cold hardiness in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba for close to 10 years, Odyssey was introduced by Jeffries Nurseries in 2008. Odyssey produces large-sized fruit in late August that store well into the New Year. The fruit is crisp and of excellent sweetness. Many have described the flavour as comparable to 'Royal Gala' that has become a consumer choice across North America. Fruit set requires cross pollination by a unique prairie apple or crabapple cultivar. FRUIT SIZE:
7-8 cm
FRUIT COLOUR:
Red blush on yellow
FLOWERS:
Pink buds, white blooms
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION:
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries 38
Prairie Magic® Apple - Malus x ‘Jefdale’ A seedling of the cross ‘Goodland’ x ‘Mantet’ selected by the late Mr. Wilfred Drysdale of Neepawa, Manitoba and introduced by Jeffries Nurseries. Prairie Magic produces the very best fruit we have tasted from a prairie-hardy apple variety. The medium to large-sized fruit matures in mid-September and is crisp and delicious. The tree has good cold hardiness. Fruit set requires cross pollination by a unique prairie apple or crabapple cultivar. FRUIT SIZE:
7-8 cm
FRUIT COLOUR:
Red over pale yellow
FLOWERS:
Pink buds, white blooms
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION:
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bylands Nurseries, Bailey Nurseries (U.S. agent)
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Red Gemini™ Apple - Malus x ‘Jefred’ Red Gemini is a bud sport of Gemini, a seedling of the cross ‘Norland’ x ‘Haralson’ selected by the late Mr. Art Coutts of Unity, Saskatchewan. Red Gemini features fruit with a crimson red colour while offering excellent cold hardiness. Red Gemini produces fruit that is crisp, juicy and of medium sweetness. The fruit ripens in late August and stores well into the next year. Its fruit quality assures it will be well-regarded by the prairie gardener. Fruit set requires cross pollination by a unique prairie apple or crabapple cultivar. FRUIT SIZE:
7-8 cm
FRUIT COLOUR:
Red
FLOWERS:
Pink buds, white blooms
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION:
Budding on crabapple
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries 40
Mustang® Cherry Plum - Prunus x ‘Jefchum’ A cherry plum hybrid developed by Jeffries Nurseries. Primarily used as a clonal rootstock for budding plums and apricots, Mustang can also be grown as a small fruit tree with fragrant, white spring flowers and small purple fruit produced in late August. It requires a pollinizer variety such as Compass or Sapalta. The regional demand for locally grown food has inspired many homeowners to plant their own fruit trees. Mustang easily fits into a residential backyard and, with suitable pollination, will produce fruit quickly. FRUIT SIZE:
2.5-3 cm
FRUIT COLOUR:
Purple
FLOWERS:
White (fragrant)
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION:
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Many Canadian growers Agri-forest Biotechnologies, FloraMaxx
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Early Gold™ Pear - Pyrus x ‘Jefgold’ Early Gold is an improved seedling of Ure Pear that was developed at Jeffries Nurseries. Early Gold features attractive white, spring flowers and glossy green foliage. Trees rapidly develop an upright oval canopy with strong scaffold branches. Compared to Ure, Early Gold has improved plant vigour, chlorosis resistance and cold hardiness. The golden fruit has a variety of uses and matures about 10 days earlier than Ure Pear. Pears are one of a few fruits that should be allowed to ripen off the tree. Pears should be harvested by hand at a slightly green stage, before they are ripe. FRUIT SIZE:
5 cm
FRUIT COLOUR:
Golden
FLOWERS:
White (fragrant)
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 2
PROPAGATION:
Budding on pear seedlings
PROPAGATORS:
Many Canadian growers, Bailey Nurseries (U.S.A.) 42
Center Glow® Ninebark Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Center Glow’ Jeffries Nurseries continues to serve as the Canadian agent for Center Glow Ninebark. Jeffries assisted in the application for Plant Breeders Rights as well as with sub-licensing of nursery growers in Canada. Center Glow was released in 2002 by the Landscape Plant Development Center, now part of the research division of the University of Minnesota Landscape Arboretum.
OTHER RESEARCH PARTNERSHIPS Skybound® Pyramidal Cedar Thuja occidentalis ‘Skybound’ Skybound Cedar was developed by Ron Boughen at Boughen Nurseries in Valley River, Manitoba. Winter hardy to zone 2, Skybound shows a medium growth rate, maturing at 15' in height and a spread of 3-4'. Skybound is a pyramidal evergreen with similar shape to the well-known variety 'Brandon', but with improved winter hardiness and richer, darkgreen foliage. Jeffries assisted in the commercialization of Skybound in Canada and the U.S. This included the mass propagation of Skybound as well as with sub-licensing of nursery growers across Canada. 43
PERENNIALS
Coral Reef® Monarda
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Suncatcher®
Power Surge®
Dreamweaver®
Firecracker Chrysanthemums - Chrysanthemum x morifolium Firecracker Chrysanthemums produce large flowers in outstanding colours from August to October. Dreamweaver® Firestorm® Power Surge® Showbiz® Stardust® Suncatcher® Tiger Tail®
30" (75 cm) 22" (55 cm) 18" (45 cm) 18" (45 cm) 22" (55 cm) 30" (75 cm) 30" (75 cm)
soft, mauve flowers feature yellow centre deep red flower petals contrast with yellow centre fully double-red flowers; compact growth habit small, light purple, pompom flowers; compact growth habit dusty bronze flowers fade to rose with maturity double, yellow flowers with slightly flared petals orange buds open to tangerine blossoms that fade to yellow
FLOWERS:
Assorted (August to October)
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION:
Softwood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Many Canadian growers
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Arctic Mist® Coral Bells - Heuchera x ‘Arctic Mist’ Arctic Mist was selected as the best of a large group of mottled coral bells developed at Jeffries Nurseries. Arctic Mist is a cold hardy, vigorous selection of coral bells with consistent mottling throughout the season. It produces plentiful, red flowered scapes that rise above the variegated foliage. Arctic Mist has shown excellent durability in the prairie landscape, even under full sunshine and dry conditions. Its compact form, variegated foliage and red flowers will be of value in prairie landscapes MATURE SIZE:
12” (30 cm)
FOLIAGE COLOUR:
Variegated
FLOWERS:
Red (June to July)
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION:
Divisions
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Vanstone Nurseries 46
Evening Glow
Northern Dazzle
Northern Delight
Hybrid Lily - Lilium x ‘Evening Glow’ , ‘Northern Dazzle’, ‘Northern Delight’ These Orientpet lilies are the result of crosses between Oriental and Trumpet lilies. They produce beautiful flowers that are very fragrant. Mature plants can produce up to 20 blooms on a single stem. Evening Glow
24" (60 cm)
purplish pink with a golden yellow center
Northern Dazzle
4' (125 cm)
pendant blooms of orange yellow, deep crimson red center
Northern Delight
5' (150 cm)
down-facing, soft melon orange with deepening centers
FLOWER TIME:
August to September
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION:
Bulb scales
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Lily Nook, Valley K
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Grand Parade®
Grand Mum®
Grand Marshall®
Bee Balm - Monarda didyma Jeffries Nurseries is one of three North American nurseries that have directly supported the Monarda breeding program at Agriculture Canada’s Morden Research Station. This program has since introduced four exciting cultivars: Coral Reef®
30-36" (75-90 cm)
coral-pink flowers on a large, ball-shaped plant
Grand Marshall ®
18-20” (45-50 cm)
bright, fuchsia-purple flowers on a mid-sized plant
Grand Mum®
15-18” (38-45 cm)
unique, pink-mauve, chrysanthemum-like flowers
Grand Parade®
15-18” (38-45 cm)
bright, lavender-purple flowers on a compact plant
FLOWER TIME:
July to September
WINTER HARDINESS:
Zone 3
PROPAGATION:
Soft-wood cuttings
PROPAGATORS:
Jeffries Nurseries, Bailey Nurseries, Aubin Nurseries 48
JEFFRIES NURSERIES CONTACT INFORMATION Jeffries Nurseries Ltd. P.O. Box 402 Portage la Prairie, Manitoba R1N 3B7 Phone: 1-888-857-5288 Fax: 1-204-857-2877 www.jeffriesnurseries.com jeffnurs@mts.net
CERTIFIED VIRUS-INDEXED BUDWOOD Jeffries Nurseries has developed CVI propagation stock in conjunction with Agriculture & Agri-food Canada. The Centre for Plant Health in Sidney, B.C. presently offers CVI propagation stock for the following Jeffries introductions: Emerald Spire® Columnar Crabapple Purple Spire® Columnar Crabapple Starlite® Flowering Crabapple Prairie Magic® Apple Gemini® Apple Early Gold™ Pear Mustang® Cherry Plum Goldspur® Amur Cherry Klondike® Amur Cherry CVI propagation stock will be available in the near future for the following Jeffries introductions: Indigo Spire™ Columnar Crabapple Green Wall™ Columnar Crabapple Red Gemini™ Apple Odyssey® Apple For more information, contact Jeffries Nurseries Ltd. or the Centre for Plant Health: Centre for Plant Health, CFIA 8801 East Saanich Road Sidney, B.C. V8L 1H3 Phone: 1-250-363-6650 Fax: 1-250-363-6661 49
U.S. PARTNERS Jeffries Nurseries is pleased to work closely with the following nursery partners in the U.S.A. American growers interested in sub-licenses for propagation of the following Jeffries plant introductions should contact the respective U.S. agent. 1.
Bailey Nurseries, Inc. 1325 Bailey Road St. Paul, Minnesota 55119 Phone: 1-800-829-8898 U.S. Agent for:
2.
Carlton Plants LLC 14301 S.E. Wallace Road Dayton, Oregon 97114 Phone: 1-800-398-8733 U.S. Agent for:
3.
> First Editions plants: Parkland Pillar ®Asian White Birch, Goldspur® Amur Cherry, Amber Jubilee® Ninebark, Mandarin Tango™ Potentilla > Inferno® / Unity® Sugar Maple, > Harvest Gold® Linden > Mango Tango® / Pink Beauty® Potentilla, > Prairie Magic® Apple > Early Gold™ Pear > Monarda
> Emerald Spire® Flowering Crabapple > Green Spires® Caragana
Sester Farms 33205 S.E. Oxbow Drive Gresham, Oregon 97080 Phone: 1-800-832-4487 U.S. Agent for:
> Starlite® Flowering Crabapple 50
1-888 888--857 857--5288 www.jeffriesnurseries.com InfernoÂŽ Sugar Maple