Integrate

Page 1

INTEGRATE

TUM SUPPAK

BUSEY WOODS HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECT

LA 438 SPRING 2011

SUPPORTIVE STUDIES

History

Why Owls?

Aphids

Squirrels

in 1821 Diagram of what The Big Grove looked like

Snake Diagram of the remnance of the big grove in 1999.

Japanese Beetles

This is why we should at least try to save what is left for us to cheerish. The Busey Woods, a part of the remains, are in trouble with the construction dump and the raids of invasive species over the year. Now it is time to reestablish the infrastructure of the forest. Since the land development was established, Perhaps in the future, this part of restoration can weave the Big Grove back to the geograthe reduction of the forest land progressed severely. Shown above are the diagrams com- phy as another fabric along with the urban and agricultural blanket across Urbanaparing the Big Grove and its remaining between 1821 and 1999. Less than two centuries, Champaign landscape. more than 70% of the precious woodland was turned into housing development, farmland, and urban sprawl. The area we currently live was once called the Big Grove. It was where the oaks and other giant trees covering in thousands of squarefeet land. Tying the animals from different regions to come together.

Why Oak Trees?

Rats

Owls, especially Eastern Screech Owls are well known for controlling the populations of small mammals, reptiles, and insects. We have so much rodent problem in the household partially because the lacking of the predator.

The insects became the problem recently also due to the lack of birds in the region. The aphids outbreak in 2009 and the japanese beetle swarm in 2010 were also to blame. Introducing the owls back to the urban fabric will help preventing these outbreaks to reoccur.

Why Bring People to Nature?

Acorns are food for squirrels and other mammals

Branches are the spots

Environmental Education Model derived from Groenewegen’s article

Environmental Education Model derived from Renton’s article

long fly and for mating behavior Holes at the tree trunks accommodate different different kinds of birds

Community Exposed to nature Healthy and Happy

Shade accommodates animals and human during hot summer days

Want to make it

Holes in the ground accommodate mammals’ hibernation during harsh winter

greater goods

Dead branches and trunks provide moist and cool spot for salamanders and other reptiles ing wild flowers and creating rich and nutririous forest soils. It also helps soil creatures The roots stabilize the soil structure and improves water retention

Oak trees are generally good for an environment in itself. It creates good shade, make a good home for animals and offer food for a lot of them. Many birds use the tall branches of the oak trees to mate and to rest while flying for a long time. For ecosystem, the oaks play even bigger role. They improve water retention in soils, which accommodate soil creatures to thrive, bring in more aeration to the soil structure, hence greatly improve the soil quality. The

nutrition to specific types of beautiful wild flowers. The shade from the oaks also discourage the growth of some understory invasive species that might prevent the birds to find food and might kill the existing plants; thus the oaks help sustain the biodiversity of an ecosystem.

Children

Environmental Education Model derived from Emelyanova’s article

Exposed to nature Participate to improve nature Adults who contributes to nature

Adults Exposed to nature Learn the importance of ecology

Community work together for ecological goals

Ecological Sustainability Several studies had been done to proof that human needs an ecological sustainability to survive, and the nature also needs human’s changes of behaviors to sustain its stability. The three studies share some idea toward a sustainable goal. Groenewegen (2008,) suggested that the green space in living area affect human health and percep tion of the safety in community, so they willbe more likely to participate and contribute

to community’s activities. Emelyanoca (2011,) suggested that if the adults recognize the importance of nature, they will be more likely to help improve the ecology. Renton and Butcher (2010,) reported that when children are exposed to nature and participate in nature activities when they are young, they will be more likely to contribute to nature when they become adults.


INTEGRATE

TUM SUPPAK

BUSEY WOODS HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECT

LA 438 SPRING 2011

RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

Site Analysis

Analytical layers

Owls and Oaks Relationship

Oaks Habitat

LEGEND

At the Edge

Field Analysis

Water

This part of the forest has the closest access to the outside street, hence can create noise pollution and cause roadkills to wildlife. It needs buffer.

Urban Openspace Savanna Upland

Circulation

Oaks + Owl Relationship

Parking lots

Salt Fork

The parking lot and the driveways in the park takes to much space, making runoff very difficult.

The salt fork is the creek that channelled the water from Lake of the Woods to Kickapoo. For this fork, the water quality is very important.

Hydrology

Floodplain Forest

Oak Analysis Nature Center

Landcover Oaks and Flowers

Owls Habitat

Amita Purves Nature Center are the sources of information for Busey Woods. It is also a gathering area for people who want to explore the wilderness

1

The landcover analysis suggests that the area are compatible to grow oaks and wildflower to support the forest structure and biodiversity.

Topography

Upland Forest Oak Tree Distribution Facilities 1. Anita Purves Nature Center 2. Swimming Pool 3. Sport field 4. Boathouse 5. Pavillion 6. Playground 7. Labyrinth Garden 8. Baseball Daimond Bus Stops

8

Parking lots Existing Path Diagrams by Soojung Kim

+

Noise Pollution

White Noise Weak Connections Bad Views

Goals and Objectives

Glory games

The views off the fence here is quite unpleasant. It requires some visual tactics. The fence itself blends fine.

The horse stable and field might be an interesting sports, but it barred the park from the woods with metal fence. The noises from the races can also be pollutant to wildlife

Mission Statement Enhance the ecosystem around Busey Woods, complete its infrastructure by creating habitats for Oaks which will help remove the undesirable invasive species, and invite the species that create rich ness to the ecosystem such as screech owl while find support from community group to help sustain nature. Goals and Objectives 1. Protect large canopy trees such as oaks and improve its reproduction availability 1.1 Clear off invasive species such as maple trees and honeysuckles along the forest 1.2 Introduce large tree species that help stabilize the soil and improve the forest structure 1.3 Protect the area 50 feet radius around existing oak trees from any soil disturbance 1.4 Let some part of the forest develop naturally to accommodate species that are adjusted to the current woodland conditions

Acorns

Seedling

Once a gigantic grove, now an oasis. Busey Woods tries its hardest to sustain its quality, yet it struggles with invasive species such as honeysuckles and maples.

Context Regional Suitability analysis

Viewing Spot

The road that goes along the perimeter of the park is not very well kept. Requiring more effort to go to Busey Woods.

Invasives

Life Cycles

Oak Tree Life Cycle

2

Site

Regional Analysis Oak Regional Analysis

Untamed Corridor

3

This transitional area has only one walking trail connecting Crystal Lake Park to Busey Woods. The connection needs improvement.

Neighborhood The neighborhood can benefit a lot from the park and the woods. They will also be an important key to allow changes and development to these green spaces

Transition

2. Increase the biodiversity and provide appropriate habitats for wildlife and sustain them 2.1 Put the bird houses on the trees in the woods to accommodate birds 2.2 Introduce wild flower species back to the site 2.3 Improve buffering with vegetation around the site to prevent road kills. 2.4 Locate maintenance area on site 2.5 Substitute certain area of Kentucky blue grass to alternative groundcovers

The area acts as a transitional zones between the park and the residences. It also has a bus stop and a small plaza to offer some fun chances that draw people to the park.

7 The Crystal Lake Pond

6 5

Oak Tree

This retention pond offers water recreation and scenery, and the openspace around it offers some active recreations.

4

Hospital

3. Improve the educational function for residents and visitors 3.1 Extend walking trails above ground to allow drainage system 3.2 Reserve some part of the woods undisturbed 3.3 Provide visual access and information about ecology and sustainability

The proximity between Carles Hospital and the park offer the opportunities for patient and faculty members to come and take a relaxing time in nature

Young Oak Tree

Owl’s Breeding Cycle throughout the seasons

Oak tree Life Cycle

Owl Regionakl Analysis

Ecological Functions

Diagrams by Soojung Kim

Conduit

Corridor Analysis

Owls Foodchain

Corridor

A

Slope

Hydrology

Hydrology

Landcover

Landcover

WILDLIFE Woodpecker

Predators Great Horned Owls, Barred Owls, Long-eared Owls, Great gray Owls, Short-eared Owls, Snowy Owls, mink, weasels, raccoons, skunks, snakes, crows, and Blue Jays.

Prey Norway rats, chipmunks, cotton rats, squirrels, shrews, bats, and moles. small sh, small snakes, lizards, and soft-shelled turtles, small frogs, toads, and salamanders, and invertebrates such as cray sh, snails, spiders, earthworms, scorpions, and centipedes.

Land Use

Sink

The vernal ponds act as the sink that collects water from rain

Source

The ground filled with leaves are the source of nutrient for wild flowers

Filter

The roots of the tree act as a filter for the runoff from the street

Site A’

Slope

The trail acts as a conduit that carry people across the forest

Blanding’s Turtle Bullfrog

Squirrel

Opossum

Habitat

Salamander

Wood Duck

The hole in an oak tree acts as a habitat for the owl to live in

Wren

Human

GPS Data Analysis

Transportation Transportation

Diagrams by Soojung Kim

Young Grove Vernal Pond

Mature Forest

Street Buffer Large North Pond

Horizontal Scale: 1”=60’ Vertical Scale: 1” =60’


INTEGRATE

TUM SUPPAK

BUSEY BUSEY W WOODS HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECT

LA 438 SPRING 2011

RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

Design Components

Master Plan

Sections LEGEND Vegetation Focused Species

Vegetation Aside from regular vegetation, the oaks are added in crystal lake park, blending in for community uses

Existing Plants Buffer Species

Building The buildings remain the same, apart from the addition of the maintenance building in Busey Woods

Circulation Circulations are adjusted the most in front of Anita Purves Nature Center, to be a gateway to explore nature

At the Edge

Ornamental Species Groundcover

The addition of buffer species such as spicebush helps protect the wildlife from crossing. It also creates the visual buffer from people inside to see the street

Surface Water Surface Water 1

B

Hydrology

Building

B’

Pavement Grasscreet Parking

3

See Detail Plan

Street B

Grondcover Alternate groundcovers are encouraged to be used across Crystal Lake Park in this design

The oaks are added into the forest to re-establish the forest infrastructure, improving it to be a hunting ground of owls and other birds

Sketches

Parking lots

6 Invasives

The parking lot are changed to grasscrete, and there is the bioswale for best management practice.

5

Topography in this design is only subtly changed for drainage purposes

2

1

Honeysuckles and maples

Topography

B’

4

Oaks and Flowers

Site Boundary This is the primary site boundary of habitat that can be expanded in the future

A

Structure

2

The channel of water remains the same in this design

A’

will be removed to create a chance for the oaks to grow and to create the hunting ground for different kinds of animals including owls.

Nature Center The concept of the nature center expands over this entire space. By adding the multipurpose field for camping and other activities, people from the community can get closer to nature

Context Map The site remains woven in the urban fabric of UrbanaChampaign

Transition The transition remains the same, but the parking lots are changed into grasscrete to help reduce to stormwater runoff.

Connection to the cemetery are made for occasional visitor, but not for all. It acts as a filter for this woods.

Maintenance hut located near the road has both access to the urban area and to the forest.

4

3

Time Series Diagram Neighborhood

2011

Passive recreational areas can be used by the residents of the neighborhood to restore their mental fatigue and improve their physical health. It can introduce them more to nature

A

The site as exists. Contaminated yet it is the oasis of wildlife

2031

The power row, being stark and bold, can enhance the way finding experience during a visit in Busey Woods

6

5

2021 The habitat for owls and oak is prepared on the northern part. The geo-process begins

Habitat area for oaks and owls. Wild flowers are in full bloom in early spring.

Hospital The improved social gathering area and the introduced passive recreational area helps the patients and faculty members of the hospital restore their mental fatigue.

A’

The Crystal Lake Pond The pond can be enjoyed more on the other side from adding the meander path and ornamental trees along the way.

Create a strong buffer for the site and start add in the adaptables on the east side

0

LEGEND Buffer

2041 Create the oaks and owls habitat on the wetland area

Floodplain Forest Adaptables Wetland Oak Wetland Geo-process

2051

Finish the construction dump site, turning it into the area for tough, adaptable plants

250

500

1000ft

Project Description Intergration is the project that combines the existing of nature and human together. The intention of the design is to restore a fraction of what once was the great oak grove. By returning the oaks into its home, the animals will come back and the ecosystem will start to flourish again. Another focus species is the eastern screech owl. By bringing back the oaks, the terrance of the forest open up enough to allow the owls to exist. The owls would also get rid of rodent problem around the city.

Undesirables

Finally, human is the important part of this design. By inviting people into the education and exposure of nature, human tend to grow to love the nature and thus try to safe it. This is the reason why we provide the educational area for people in the north east corner of Crystal Lake Park.

The oak saplings regrowing after the construction waste are moderated with the adaptable species

Theon the ridge into the South Pond during fall season can be quite attractive

Conceptual Diagrams


INTEGRATE

TUM SUPPAK

BUSEY WOODS HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECT

LA 438 SPRING 2011

DETAIL PLAN

Detail Plan

Sketches 1

B’ The open space in front of the nature center can be used multi-purposely, ranging from outdoor class, camping, to sports

A

2 1 2

The closed area around this space gives out the private feeling, yet very accessible to community.

3 3

B

A’

The temporary parking becomes an open space when not used by vehicles.

0

100

200

400

Sections Redbud

Hackberry

Conifer Oak

Crabapple

Hickery

Existing trees Wetland mix

Ground mix

Building

Temp. Parking

Pourous pave

Street

Parking lot

Pourous pave w/ light traffic

Water surface

Suggested Plant Materials

A’

B

B’

Groundcover Mix

Wetland Mix

Sumac

A

Joe Pye Weed

Quinine

Swamp Milkweed

Sneezeweed

Spring Beauty

Ruptureworth Violet

Catmint

Periwinkle


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