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A Special Publication of The Punxsutawney Spirit and Jefferson County Neighbors

News for SENIORS Š2014 The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors

February 2014

What you don’t know about pain can hurt you their quality of life, according to the Institute of Medicine.

The most common sources of chronic pain are headaches, back pain and arthritis pain in the joints, such as knees and hips.

• Pills are not always the right solution: If you are someone suffering from chronic pain, there are many alternatives beyond traditional oral pain medication to provide you with relief. Serious pain sometimes may be alleviated or minimized by injections or appropriate use of medication(s). In addition, other non-medication methods can help alleviate pain, such as acupuncture, physical therapy, psychological therapy and electrical stimulation which short circuits pain by stimulating nerve fibers either through the skin or, in some cases, via an implanted device in the spine (and no, it’s not painful).

• Anxiety equals more pain: People who feel anxious-before they have surgery are more likely to feel higher levels of pain afterward. That’s why before a procedure patients are evaluated. Questions regarding their care are answered and physician anesthesiologists often administer medications to help

reduce a patient’s anxiety, in addition to performing blocks or administering medications to treat pain.

• Pain medicine requires specialist care by a physician: Pain medications are strong, the spine and nerves that register pain are delicate and everyone’s anatomy and pain tolerance is different. Pain treatment is complex and it can cause more harm if it is not provided by a skilled pain medicine specialist such as a physician anesthesiologist, who has the training

and expertise to diagnose and treat each individual patient safely and effectively.

Care provided by a pain specialist is effective because it is individualized to each person.

Therefore, it’s important that pain medication be taken only by the person to whom it was prescribed. If you are prescribed pain medications from a skilled pain medicine specialist, be sure to safely store and dispose of prescription medicines once you are finished with them to ensure they are not accessible

to anyone else.

The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) recently released a list of specific tests or procedures related to pain medicine that are commonly ordered but not always necessary as part of Choosing Wisely, an initiative of the ABIM Foundation. The list identifies five targeted, evidence-based recommendations that can support conversations between patients and physicians about appropriate pain care. To view the list, visit physician-paincare.com.

2 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

(BPT) – You may not like it, but when you feel pain, your body is trying to tell you something. In most cases, it’s to stop what you’re doing. (“Ouch, that stove is hot!”)

That’s why some pain is necessary and can prevent us from seriously injuring ourselves.

But, at times, pain also can be intolerable, becoming constant and negatively impacting your quality of life.

“Understandably people want to alleviate their pain,” says Jane C.K. Fitch, M.D., president of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA). “Over-the-counter pain relievers can provide temporary relief from minor pain such as headaches and muscle aches.

But in many cases, the reasons for and extent of pain are complex and there’s more to safe pain control than popping a pill.”

If you or a loved one suffers from chronic pain, it’s important to learn the best way to treat it, according to ASA. Here are some things you should know about pain: • Address pain when you first feel it: Acute pain is the type you feel after cutting your finger or breaking a bone. It hurts but eventually the pain goes away. When pain doesn’t subside and lasts for several months, it can be considered chronic. Unfortunately, acute pain – such as from surgery – can become chronic if it’s not treated correctly by physicians because the nerves may be injured or become hypersensitive to the stimuli causing the pain.

Learn more about physicians who specialize in pain medicine and how they manage pain by visiting physician-paincare. com.

• Chronic pain is common: About 100 million Americans suffer from chronic pain, which can seriously interfere with

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 3

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Historical scrapbooks can honor older relatives the necessary elements.

Once you’ve settled on a theme, begin your research by interviewing the eventual recipient (he or she doesn’t have to know the reason behind the inquiry).

During the interview, take note of key dates and try to establish the mood of the era with supporting materials. For example, you may be able to find samples of advertisements from a correlating period in history or newspaper clippings that can be used to fluff up the content of the book.

In the meantime, gather photos that can be used in the scrapbook, which may take some hunting. Prints can be scanned and copied via a desktop scanner at home, or loaded onto a CD or thumb drive and brought to a pharmacy photo kiosk. Some specialty shops can even scan slides or convert stills from film into images.

Make sure to make copies of all original prints and be careful not to lose or damage the originals.

Scrapbooks can be made manually with materials purchased anywhere from craft and hobby stores to stationery shops. There are a variety of paper-cutting tools, adhesives, stickers, labels, and stencils that can be used to enhance the look of the scrapbook.

There also are computer software programs or online tools through photo-sharing sites that enable you to upload images and text and design photo books entirely online. Then the finished product can be printed out in a variety of finishes. This method may actually be preferable for those who plan to save the scrapbook or anticipate it being such a big hit that others will want their own copies.

Create a digital file of all of your information and copies of images. This way if you ever want to add to the scrapbook or reproduce information in the future you will have all of the information at your fingertips.

The scrapbook also will serve as a good source material down the line should future genera-

C a n c e r o r A l z h e i m e r ’s disease is seldom something to cheer about. But there may be one positive to come from a cancer or Alzheimer’s diagnosis. New research indicates older people who have either Alzheimer’s or cancer are less likely to get the other disease.

Although in essence it is a no-win-scenario, researchers at the National Research Council of Italy in Milan, headed by study author Dr. M a s s i m o M u s i c c o , h av e found that having cancer seems to protect seniors from Alzheimer’s disease. The reverse also appears to be true.

If you receive a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, you are at a far lower risk of developing cancer. Dr. Musicco has said, “understanding the mechanisms behind this relationship may help us better develop new treatments for both diseases.”

Researchers studied more than one million residents of northern Italy, tracking them for six years. They found a 50 percent drop in cancer risk for Alzheimer’s patients among the subjects age 60 and over, and a 35 percent

reduction in Alzheimer’s risk for those with cancer.

Additional information suggests a similar correlation between Parkinson’s disease and cancer.

It is unclear what is behind this link, and there remains the possibility that both diseases can occur concurrently.

Researchers believe the lowered risk results from opposite biological mechanisms of the two diseases. Because Alzheimer’s results from brain cell death, it may prevent cancer because cancer forms from uncontrolled cell

growth.

The study, which was published in the July 10, 2013 issue of the journal Neurology, did not take into account lifestyle factors, such as smoking, physical activity and diet, which may influence the risk of these diseases.

While receiving a diagnosis of cancer or Alzheimer’s disease is never a welcome development, the strange correlation between the diseases could give doctors new clues into treatment options for both conditions.

One or the other: cancer vs Alzheimer’s

tions want to learn about their ancestors.

Scrapbooking is more than just detailing baby’s first birth-

day or a vacation. This popular pastime can help document the life of a special senior.

Don’t let the pain of osteoarthritis of the knee keep you down COSM has a solution:

Viscosupplementation commonly known as injections that can reduce or stop pain and improve mobility

Isn’t it time you found out more about it?

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4 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

There are so many different and creative ways for families to showcase their heritage and honor a grandparent or other special senior. Scrapbooks are one such way to share the life of a special person and indirectly tell the tale of your family history.

Very often personal history projects are a part of elementary school curricula, so you may already have the makings of a family tree or a family diary in your home. All it takes is a little more research and some planning to design a scrapbook that can be gifted or kept for generations to enjoy.

Begin by making an outline of what you would like to cover in the scrapbook. Perhaps there is a specific event in a grandparent’s life that is worth highlighting, like a military tour of duty or a brief stint in show business. Maybe you would like to present different snapshots in time during his or her life. Either way, planning out the content of the scrapbook will make it easier to gather

Mahoning Hills Social Center welcomes ‘new sprouts’

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 5

Mahoning Hills Social C e n t e r, l o c a t e d b e s i d e L o n g v i ew E l e m e n t a r y School on Route 119 just o u t s i d e o f P u n x s u t aw ney, is a place where area residents can always find plenty of fun activities to occupy their time.

The Mahoning Hills Social Center, under the auspices of Aging Services, Inc. of Indiana, is open Monday through Thursday from 9 a.m. until 3 p.m. and on Friday from 9 a.m. until 2:30 p.m. Mary Beth Wilson is the center manager.

Wilson emphasizes that the center’s programs are very important to area seniors. They offer social contact, companionship and the experience of learning something. The center provides a support system that gives seniors a chance to become involved. Wilson added that, “This place is for the young at heart; it’s a motivator and gives a feeling of belonging and caring. Our seniors leave the center every day with a feeling of being part of something.”

Free Blood Pressure Screenings are done monthly by Indiana Regional Medical Center, and monthly speakers are scheduled to talk on a variety of topics of interest pertaining to health, wellness and life skills.

One speaker, Lisa Gazda, the APPRISE Coordinator from Aging Services, Inc., visits monthly to assist the older adults with services and information on health insurance benefits, Medicare and Medicaid eligibility, claims filing, benefits counseling, telephone assistance, consumer protection and referrals to other resources and advocacy.

For information on when she will visit next, call (724) 286-3099.

Activities at the center include a varied schedule of events, some seasonal, but most are done all year long. Things like crafts, games, crocheting, computer class, parties, low impact exercise, bowling

and trips are just a few of the regular events.

After the long, harsh winter, it’s going to be difficult not to appreciate spring! The March calendar reflects that appreciation with Spring Bingo on March 6, Seed Planting on March 21, and Spring Hat Day on March 27. The gardeners and leprechauns are gearing up for a fantastic spring!

Celebrations of special dates and events such as birthdays and holidays are always planned. When there is no holiday, it’s not uncommon for the center staff to “create” a reason to celebrate just for fun!

Regular weekly activities feature breakfast and a f t e r n o o n b ow l i n g o n Mondays and free afternoon Fitness Class with Instructor Carole Zicha on Wednesdays. The center is into technology with a Wii Game System and computers that are internet accessible and available for use by any senior while the center is open. If you don’t know how to use either, stop by the center and get a free demonstration. If computers are what you are interested in, the center offers free computer classes every other Wednesday from 11 a.m. until noon.

Lunch is served at 12 noon and provides a tasty, balanced meal for those 60 and over at a donation amount of $2. If you’d like to join us for lunch, you must call one day in advance by noon to reserve your meal for the next day. If you’d like to see a menu, a monthly menu and list of activities appear in the monthly newsletter, “The Spotlight,” which is available at the center for 35¢ per issue. It is also available by subscription by contacting either the center or Aging Services, Inc. at (724) 349-4500.

The Spotlight is also available online on the agency website at www.agingservicesinc.com.

Home delivered meals are available for Indiana

Seniors anxiously awaiting spring planting gather supplies at Mahoning Hills Social Center. Pictured are (kneeling, front) Arlene Mack, center aide; and (left to right) Randy

County senior residents.

Anyone needing meals should call Aging Services, Inc. for details at (724) 349-4500 or 1-800442-8016.

Curb to curb transportation is provided for senior residents of North, South, East and West Mahoning townships, plus Montgomery, Grant, Banks and Canoe townships. Friendly, helpful IndiGO driver, Pam Hankinson, takes seniors on one weekly trip to shopping destinations and doctors’ offices Monday through Friday. The vehicle is wheelchair accessible.

Rates for the van are truly economical. Indiana County residents that attend the center who are age 60 to 64 pay just $1.00 each way; passengers 65 and older ride for only 30¢ each way. Arrangements to ride must be made 24 hours ahead of time by calling 1-800-442-6928 (IndiGO) or (724) 286-3099 (Mahoning Hills).

For more information on any of these activities, events or services, or to become a “new sprout,” call the center at (724) 286-

Peace, Alice Sprankle, Mary Beth Wilson, center manager; Evelyn Ishman and Kay Young.

3099 (Mahoning Hills), 1-800-442-8016 or (724)

349-4500 (Aging Services, Inc.).

MAHONING HILLS SOCIAL CENTER (Beside Longview Elementary School)

Featuring Exercise for the Mind & Body Mon.-Thurs. 9-3; Fri. 9-2:30

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Breakfast EVERY Monday 9:30-11 a.m.

Bowling EVERY Monday at 1:30 p.m.

FREE Fitness Class: Wednesday 1-2 p.m.

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QUESTIONS? Call the center at (724) 286-3099 or Aging Services, Inc. (724) 349-4509 or 1-800-442-8016

Prescription drugs can be quite expensive, and even those who have health insurance often pay more than they need to.

According to a 2012 Consumer Reports “Best Drugs” poll on prescription drugs, Americans routinely take an average of four medications per day, spending nearly $800 on drug costs each year. Those who do not have health insurance may have to pay much more out of pocket.

As expensive as prescription medications can be, there are still ways to save money on prescription drug costs.

Comparison shop Believe it or not, drug prices vary depending on the time of the year and even the pharmacy.

A person can shop around for the most affordable medication just like they would when buying another product. Prescription drug apps enable you to search for discounts in your neighborhood.

Read your bill Medical coding and billing is not always accurate. Employees entering codes may put in the wrong information, inadvertently charging a person for the wrong medication. Treat your medical bills as you would any other bill and verify that the charges are correct. If you

have any doubts, check the drug name with your doctor and then consult with the pharmacy to see if an error was made.

Opt for generic medications Generic versions of hundreds of brand name prescription drugs are available and typically cost a lot less money.

With a generic medicine you are not paying for marketing and advertising costs. These drugs are routinely tested for efficacy and safety. There is really no reason to select a name-brand medicine over the generic alternative, even when it comes to over-the-counter drugs. Ask your doctor on your script to check the box for the generic option.

Use a preferred pharmacy mail-order service Certain insurance companies have negotiated discounts with mail-order pharmacies and pass on the savings to their members. Medicare and other government-sponsored plans may offer the same type of deal, and consumers can save a substantial amount of money by opting for mail-order service.

Consider big wholesalers for prescriptions You may think of Costco or Sam’s Club as your go-to place to buy 30-packs of toilet tissue, but these retailers also

offer discounts on prescription drugs. Even nonmembers are allowed to use these warehouses for their prescription drug needs. Big wholesalers could give you the best deal on your pills.

Skip the insurance sometimes Consumer Reports says hundreds of commonly used generic medications can be purchased for around $10 for a three-month supply at various major chains. Program details vary, but consumers might be able to save a lot of money by using these programs and leaving their insurance cards in their wallets.

Opt for OTC In many cases, an over-thecounter medication may be just as effective as a prescription drug. Talk to your doctor about trying an OTC remedy before a prescription is written.

Ibuprofen may relieve arthritis pain, and diphenhydramine could alleviate insomnia, all at a much lower cost than prescription drugs.

Prescription drug costs can add up. But there are a number of strategies consumers can employ to reduce the out-ofpocket expenditures on medications.

Prevention is crucial for long-term hearing health (BPT) – Conversations going unheard, volume settings on electronics pushed to the max, constantly asking speakers to repeat themselves – these are all common signs of hearing loss.

Hearing loss affects one in five Americans age 12 and older, according to a Johns Hopkins study.

It is also the third most common health problem in the United States – with millions of Americans missing out on the important sounds of their life.

Hearing loss can create troubles with relationships, workplace efficiency and can even develop into emotional issues for individuals who are unable to participate in or hear conversations.

Exposure to excessively loud noise is the main cause of hearing loss in the world today, and it affects all ages, not just the elderly. A variety of sources produce loud noises that can induce hearing loss, including machinery, electronics set at higher volumes, sporting events and concerts.

Knowing what causes hearing loss is the key to protecting your hearing. Here are some tips to follow to keep hearing damage at a minimum so that you’re not missing out on any of life’s sounds.

• Wear hearing protection when around loud noises. Remember to bring hearing protection with you when going to concerts or sporting events. Keep ear plugs handy in your car, your wallet or your purse in case you happen upon loud environments unexpectedly.

• Turn down the volume when you can. Keep

music at a comfortable level on your mobile phone, in your car and on your home stereo.

• Walk away from loud noises whenever you are able. You’ll know that noise levels are too high when it’s impossible to hold a normal conversation without shouting.

Prevention is key to good hearing health, but the good news is that everyone with hearing loss can be helped. The first step is to see an audiologist or physician who can help you determine the cause and extent of damage to your hearing. This expert will also help determine the best hearing instruments or the best medical procedure available for your condition, so you can comfortably interact with conversations again.

If you do receive a hearing aid as treatment for your condition, get the right power for this device so you can rest comfortably knowing that your device is working and you will never miss the sounds of life around you. Duracell’s new Easy Tab Hearing Aid Batteries with Duralock Power PreserveTechnology are easy to use. Guaranteed to stay at full power for up to four years in storage, you’ll know that these batteries will work anytime you pull them out of your utility drawer. To learn more visit Duracell.com.

If you are experiencing the symptoms of hearing loss, see an audiologist or physician for a diagnosis and treatment so you can once again hear the conversations happening and participate in socializing with friends and family.

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6 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

How to save on prescription drug costs

Cooking for one or two Seniors face many changes as they move into their golden years. Downsizing living spaces and vehicles is common, as is implementing certain changes to improve quality of life. Many seniors also scale back in the kitchen, where some must make changes because of medical conditions. While it seems like reducing food portions would be easy, those used to prepping meals for a large family may find it difficult. The following tips can make meal preparation efficient and cost-effective.

• Divide and store. Supermarkets are increasingly offering larger packages of food products as well as “family size” offerings to compete with warehouse clubs. Buying in bulk can help individuals save money, but it may not always be practical for people living alone or with just a spouse. If you must buy in bulk, invest in a food vacuum sealer or freezer storage bags. Immediately separate meats and poultry into smaller portions before storing them in the freezer. Otherwise, look for bulk items that are individually wrapped to maintain freshness. Many canned and jarred items can be covered and stored in the refrigerator after containers are opened.

• Plan meals with similar ingredients. To reduce food waste, use leftovers to create casseroles or mix them in with new meals.

Broiled or grilled chicken can be used to make soups, stir-fry dishes, fajitas, and sandwiches. The fewer ingredients you have to buy, the smaller the risk of spoilage.

• Cut recipes in half. Recipes can be cut down depending on how many mouths need to be fed. When baking, cutting back on proportions of ingredients can be challenging. Search online for recipe-scaling programs that can make the work easier.

• Cook on the weekend. Use a weekend day to prepare food and package it into small containers in the refrigerator or freezer.

Then the containers can be taken out as needed and heated quickly in the microwave for fast meals.

• Organize a meal-sharing club. Get together with a few friends who also have empty nests and split cooking duties. If you’re accustomed to cooking larger portion sizes, do so and then spread the wealth with others in the group. Then sit back and relax when it is your opportunity to have meals delivered to you.

McKinley Health Center now offering prehab BROOKVILLE – McKinley Health Center, a skilled nursing and short stay rehab community at Laurelbrooke Landing in Brookville, is now offering a new rehabilitation program for individuals undergoing joint replacement or other orthopedic surgery.

Prehabilitation or prehab is a specialized rehabilitation program individuals complete before their surgery.

The goal of prehab is to strengthen surrounding muscles prior to surgery to achieve faster recovery, less pain and better results after surgery. Prehab can be paid for under Medicare Part B and some private insurances.

An individual starts the prehab program four to eight weeks before the planned surgery with an evaluation by a McKinley Health Center physical therapist.

Based on the findings, the therapist will develop a customized outpatient therapy program and/or a home exercise program to complete before the surgery.

“If you know you are going to undergo surgery for an orthopedic issue, ask your doctor about the possible benefits of prehab at McKinley Health Center,” said Sherry Buzard, Rehab Manager at Laurel-

brooke Landing.

A 2011 study completed by the University of Louisville found that prehab before a knee replacement improved patients’ strength, function and post-op recovery.

A 2006 study by the American College of Rheumatology showed that prehab significantly reduces the risk of the need for inpatient rehab after joint replacement.

“By being proactive, you are more likely to have a faster, less complicated recovery,” said McKinley Health Center Physical Therapist Steve Himes. “It may also shorten any stay that you may need in a rehab setting and return you faster to home. The stronger you are going into surgery, the stronger you will be coming out.”

McKinley Health Center employs seven therapists with 99 years of combined experience.

McKinley Health Center is part of the WRC Senior Services family which has been caring for seniors in Brookville since 1890.

For more information, please call (814) 849-3615 or visit www.wrc.org. You can also find WRC Senior Services on Facebook.

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 7

The dangers of low blood sugar (BPT) - The numbers are astounding – nearly 400 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes and many patients may not realize they are at risk for a condition known as hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is characterized as dangerously low blood sugar levels that could cause serious side-effects including hospitalization.

Jay Belcher, is a specialist pharmacist in Express Scripts Diabetes Therapeutic Resource Center, and counsels patients who may not be aware of their risk for hypoglycemia.

“Normally, our body has a natural response that is triggered when blood sugar levels drop below a normal level,” says Belcher. “However, in some people with diabetes, this response is impaired.

Certain medications used to treat diabetes, such as insulin, can also prevent glucose levels from easily returning to the normal range.”

There are certain people at increased risk for hypoglycemia, including those with chronic diabetes and type 1 diabetes patients.

“People with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk because they may not show early warning signs of low blood glucose, a condition called hypoglycemia unawareness,” says Belcher.- “This means an individual no longer experiences early warning symptoms such as shakiness, sweating, anxiety and hunger; raising their risk of lapsing into severe hypoglycemia.”

It’s important for all diabetes patients to remember that hypoglycemia is usually mild and can be treated quickly and easily by consuming a small amount of a glucose-rich food or drink.

Unfortunately the condition can rapidly worsen causing confusion, clumsiness or fainting; in fact, severe hypoglycemia can lead to seizures, coma and even death.

Belcher offers the following tips to help prevent hypoglycemia: • Timing is everything: As with all medications, always take your diabetes medications in the recommended dosage and at the recommended times. Some diabetes medications can cause hypoglycemia. If you have questions, talk to your physician or specialist pharmacist who can help explain how and when to take these medications.

• Watch what you eat: Following a meal plan is important for managing diabetes. Have enough food during each meal, avoid skipping meals and try healthy snacking (if recommended). If you are struggling with your food intake, work with a registered dietician who can help design a meal plan that fits your personal preferences and lifestyle.

Eating right will help you manage your diabetes.

• Exercise responsibly: Check your blood glucose before sports, exercise, or other physical activity and adjust medication if necessary. Plus, have a snack handy if your levels fall below 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Also, check blood glucose at regular intervals during extended periods of physical activity and periodically after physical activity and adjust medications if necessary.

• Limit alcohol consumption: Drinking alcoholic beverages, especially on an empty stomach, can cause hypoglycemia. Heavy drinking can be particularly dangerous for people taking insulin or medications that increase insulin production. Only consume alcohol with a snack or meal.

For more information and additional ways to become a more engaged and empowered patient, visit Express Scripts’ Healthcare Insights blog at lab.express-scripts.com.

Need help caring for yourself or a loved one?

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Expert tips for hand and foot health Planning A Wedding?

(BPT) – Cold weather can be and O’Keeffe’s for Healthy Feet cold or wet days, consider wearing moisturizers for years, and because of its effectiveness, women are also taking notice.

A p h a r m a c i s t d ev e l o p e d O’Keeffe’s non-oil based formula to stimulate the skin’s natural healing process by attracting and retaining moisture to hydrate the skin, altering pH levels, increasing blood circulation and retaining moisture. Try moisturizing before bed because during sleep skin temperature rises, resulting in increased circulation which aids in the healing and cell regenerative process.

Step two: Protection from the elements Cold weather is a major threat to hand and foot health, which is why it’s crucial to take steps to protect them from the elements.

Going outside, even for a quick drive, can mean facing exposure to wicked winds, freezing rain and even snow. Using protective gear helps keep hands and feet healthy.

Start with a good pair of boots that keep feet comfortably warm.

Be sure the boots are waterproof to resist rain and snow. A good sole with a thick tread helps to grip slick surfaces. Make a habit of wearing boots outdoors even when not partaking in outdoor activities. For example, it’s wise to wear boots during your morning commute to work and then change into your dress shoes when you arrive at the office. On particularly

several pairs of socks to keep feet warm and dry. Cotton and wool are good sock materials during cold months because they insulate feet while helping to wick away moisture.

For hands, always wear gloves or mittens when outside, even for brief periods. Gloves and mittens provide extra layers of protection.

Step three: Understand frost bite When exposed to very cold temperatures, skin can suffer from frost bite, when the moisture present in skin cells and tissues freezes.

Even when wearing thick boots and warm gloves, it’s important to understand the warning signs of frost bite, especially when exposed to outdoor temperatures for extended periods of time. There are varying levels of frost bite and it can happen quickly, especially if skin is directly exposed to freezing temperatures.

Frost bite symptoms include numbness, pins and needles sensations, hard, pale skin when cold and red, painful or blistered skin after it’s warmed. Frost bite can affect any part of the body, but the hands and feet are particularly vulnerable. If frost bite is suspected, never put hands or feet in hot water, always use warm water (104 to 107.6 F according to MayoClinic. com) to gradually warm skin. If numbness or pain continues, call a doctor immediately for treatment.

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8 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

tough on skin, particularly on the hands and feet. A decrease in humidity paired with harsh temperatures can make hands and feet dry, cracked, achy and susceptible to infection. It’s important to take some simple steps to protect extremities so they remain healthy all season long.

Step one: Moisturize to prevent infection Cold weather brings with it cold and flu season, and we all tend to wash our hands frequently, keep a bottle of hand sanitizer nearby, and take hot showers to stay clean and warm. These activities can make skin extremely dry, which can cause cracking on both the hands and feet. Because your skin is the first line of defense against infection, it’s important to take steps to prevent cracks and keep hands and feet healthy and moisturized.

Rather than grabbing a fragrance-filled, frilly “moisturizer,” that sometimes actually further dries skin out, look for a lotion that contains water, glycerin and allantoin. Glycerin helps pull moisture in, while allantoin helps break down the rough barrier allowing the water to seep into skin.

These ingredients help skin to heal itself. It may come as a surprise that some of the best moisturizers aren’t found in the beauty aisle, but rather in the health aisle, or even at home improvement stores. Men who work with their hands have used O’Keeffe’s Working Hands

Don’t let these myths rain on your retirement parade

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 9

(BPT) – Do you dream of the day you can retire, but aren’t sure how to get there? You’re not alone.

Many people find it easier to avoid reality when it comes to planning for retirement.

“That can lead to big mistakes in their retirement income planning,” says Zachary Gipson, vice president of retirement and wealth planning at USAA. Here’s a look at five common myths that could derail your expectations for income when you retire.

Myth 1: You won’t be around long enough to go through your money.

The reality: Life expectancies are at record highs in the United States, so it’s important to acknowledge that you or a family member may spend as many years in retirement as you did working.

According to a 2010 report by the National Academy of Social Insurance, for a 65-year-old married couple, there’s a 48 percent chance that one spouse will live to age 90.

To help stretch your money, consider incorporating immediate and deferred annuities into your planning. Created to provide guaranteed, lifelong income in retirement, they can also offer guaranteed growth while you’re saving for it, Gipson explains.

A long retirement extends your exposure to one of financial planning’s most subtle enemies: inflation. As you invest, it’s important to seek a mix of assets that guard against the declining value of the dollar and that is in line with your risk tolerance and goals.

Myth 2: You should get out of stocks when you retire.

The reality: Stocks can help provide the long-term growth you need to make your assets last longer since your retirement could span several decades.

You’ve probably heard you should reduce your investment risk as you age. But with traditional pensions being replaced by 401(k) plans, you’re wholly responsible for making asset allocation decisions. As Gipson puts it, “Everyone now has to be a pension fund manager with their own money, and most people just aren’t equipped to do that.”

Gipson agrees with the notion of dampening portfolio risk at retirement, but that doesn’t mean getting rid of stocks entirely.

Rather, regularly reviewing, and if necessary, rebalancing your portfolio based on your risk tolerance can lock in gains from strongperforming asset classes and allow you to buy those that underperform

at cheaper prices.

Myth 3: You can just keep working.

The reality: Counting on being able to work as long as you want is dangerous, Gipson says. Employers are feeling pressure to cut costs, and with high unemployment, finding work is always a challenge.

A disability also could force you to stop working prematurely.

Many people think they can simply work longer if they don’t have enough money to retire. According to a recent survey by the Employee Benefit Research Institute, 74percent of workers plan to work at least part time during their retirement years, and Schaffer notes working in retirement has become a necessity for many.

Good planning doesn’t rely on good fortune. Rather, your plan should both keep you from having to work the rest of your life and deal with the consequences of unexpected surprises that prevent you from earning a paycheck.

Myth 4: An inheritance will bail you out.

The reality: You may be hoping for an inheritance as a potential retirement boost. But hope is not

a strategy, and counting on an inheritance can create big problems if it doesn’t come through.

Many people who expect to inherit money never do so, Gipson says. And even for those who do inherit money, it’s often too little or comes too late to make a difference in their retirement planning, he adds. The safer thing to do is to treat an inheritance as an unexpected bonus rather than relying on it.

Myth 5: Your taxes will be lower in retirement.

The reality: Big government deficits make future tax increases much more likely. Also, taking money out of retirement accounts, such as traditional IRAs and 401(k)s, creates taxable income that can push you into higher tax brackets.

One suggestion Gipson offers is to consider converting part of your eligible retirement assets to a Roth IRA. By doing so, you’ll pay taxes now, but you’ll create a tax-free pool of money to tap in retirement. Diversifying with both Roth and traditional IRAs is a possible way to handle future tax uncertainty.

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Financial considerations for those nearing retirement Retirement can simultaneously excite and distress men and women as they approach the day when they end their careers.

Anticipating the freedom can be exciting, while concerns about maintaining financial independence can be stressful.

Though there are no guarantees that men and women who prioritize retirement planning will not outlive their finances, those who do arrange their priorities in such a manner are far more likely to enjoy a comfortable retirement without worrying about their finances. As men and women approach retirement age, certain steps with regard to preparing for retirement can put them in position to enjoy their golden years to the fullest.

• Assess your resources. An honest assessment of your assets will help you determine a retirement lifestyle you can afford.

Assets can include any property you own, investments, savings, and retirement accounts. Your property may be your biggest financial asset, but unless you plan to sell that property or take out a reverse mortgage, then you won’t be able to rely on that property to fund your lifestyle.

When assessing resources, keep in mind that you might have

to pay potentially steep taxes when attempting to access any retirement accounts, such as a 401(k). Factor in any such taxes when assessing your retirement resources.

• Make a list of your monthly expenses. Once you have assessed your resources, make a list of your monthly bills.

Mortgage payments, healthcare costs, taxes, and food are among the essentials, while additional expenses like travel and entertainment will need to be factored in as well. When considering monthly expenses, keep in mind that some of those expenses, including mortgage payments and commuting costs, will likely disappear, while others, including healthcare costs, are likely to increase significantly. Once you have assessed your resources and expenses, you can then begin to paint a picture of the retirement lifestyle you can afford to live.

• Compare the lifestyle you want to live versus the one you can afford to live. Considering your finances several years before you retire affords you the opportunity to make changes if you determine the retirement you can afford does not exactly match up with the retirement

you want to live. After you have figured out what you can afford, compare that lifestyle to the one you hope to live. If they are one and the same, then you did a great job planning for retirement. If they are slightly or significantly different, then look for ways to close that gap.

If necessary, consult with a financial planner, who might be able to help turn your dream retirement into a reality. Closing the gap between your dream retirement and the one you can afford to live may require you to work an extra year or two, so be

prepared to make that decision if need be.

• Plan on continuing to grow your money. Just because you’re retiring does not mean your money has to stop working as well. You will still need to combat inflation during your golden years, so plan on continuing to grow your money even after you retire. Though it’s best to reduce investment risks as you age, many retirees still need to keep a toe in the investment waters. Find a balance you’re comfortable with so your money continues to grow, but be

conservative at the same time.

As you grow older, continue to reduce your risk. While conventional wisdom long suggested retirees should completely eliminate risk from their portfolios, today’s retirees are living longer than ever before, so you likely can’t afford to follow the advice of yesteryear.

As retirement draws closer, men and women must start making important financial decisions to ensure their nest eggs can support the lifestyles they want to live throughout their golden years.

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10 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

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Things to consider before downsizing your home

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 11

Once their kids have left the nest, many men and women over 50 begin to consider downsizing their homes. Downsizing to a smaller home can be beneficial for a variety of reasons, including less home to clean and maintain, more affordable utility bills and lower property taxes. But the decision to downsize is rarely black and white, and men and women often struggle with that decision.

Perhaps the most difficult part of the decision of whether or not to downsize to a smaller home concerns the sentimental attachment many homeowners, especially those with children, have to their homes. The home might be too big for your current needs, but it also was the same place where your son took his first steps and where your daughter lost her first tooth.

Saying goodbye to a place that was home to so many memories isn’t easy. But there’s more than just sentimental value to consider when deciding whether or not to downsize your home after the kids have grown up and moved out.

Personal finances Your financial situation merits significant consideration when deciding if the time is right to downsize your home. If your retirement nest egg is not as substantial as you would like it to be, then it would seem as though downsizing to a smaller, more affordable home is a great opportunity for you to start catching up on your retirement savings. But that’s only true if your new home won’t incur any additional expenses that are already taken care of in your current home. For example, your current home may be fully furnished, while a new, smaller home may require you to buy all new furniture because your existing items simply won’t fit.

The cost of such furnishings can be considerable. If you plan

to move into a condominium, you can expect to pay monthly homeowners association fees, and such fees are often substantial. So while the condo itself might be smaller, the additional expenses associated with the property may end up making the smaller home more expensive and preventyou from saving more money for retirement.

Real estate market There are seller’s markets and there are buyer’s markets, and ideally you would like to sell your home in a seller’s market. But keep in mind that this might be the same market in which you hope to buy a new home. The nature of the real estate market depends on a host of factors, including geography. If the city or town where you currently live is in the midst of a seller’s market and you are planning on moving to a location where buyers have the upper hand, then now might be a great time to move.

But if you currently live in a buyer’s market and hope to move to a seller’s market, then you may end up paying a steep price, even when downsizing to a smaller home. Things may even themselves out if you want to downsize to a smaller home

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within your current community, but do your homework nonetheless, researching the time of year when you’re most likely to get the most for your home and find the best deal on your next place. The advantage men and women considering downsizing haveis that they are rarely in a rush to move out of their current home and into their next one.

This gives them ample time to make the real estate market work for them.

Space How much space do you really need? Once the kids have

moved out, couples may feel like all of that extra space is going to waste. But that can be a knee-jerk reaction, and upon a more thorough examination of the space and your needs you may just find that you can put all of that extra square footage to good use after all. If you have always wanted your own art studio, then now might be the perfect time to make that a reality. Always wanted a room devoted to home theater? Get to work on converting your basement from an all-purpose game room to your own private movie

theater. If, after considering the space in your home, you find that the extra square footage really is just upkeep you aren’t especially interested in doing, then you would no doubt like a cozier home that’s less of a responsibility to maintain.

Downsizing a home is something many men and women over 50 consider after their children have moved out. Such a decision is rarely easy, so homeowners should take as much time as they need before making a final decision to move or stay put.

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VILLAGE VIEW Residential Living Community provides a carefree lifestyle with the added feeling of security, independence and peace of mind. Amenities include private studios with private bath and kitchenette, comfortable community living room, dining room and activity room, two meals per day, laundry room, courtyard and private entrance, Wi-Fi and Direct TV included. Please call (814) 375-3941 for more information on independent living.

DUBOIS VILLAGE Personal Care Community enriches residents’ lives by providing quality personal care and a personal interest in your overall well-being. The three-story building, with Victorian-style furnishings, presents lifestyle options close to everything you need and want to experience. Amenities include private studios and suites with private

bath and kitchenette, single and double occupancy options, comfortable lobby and sitting area with fireplace, restaurant-style dining services, housekeeping and laundry services, maintenance free living, Wi-Fi and Direct TV included. Please call (814) 375-5483 for more information on personal care.

DUBOIS NURSING HOME Skilled Nursing Center delivers seamless quality professional health and medical care – including skilled, rehabilitation and intermediate levels of care – with a sense of dignity and hospitality that puts residents and families first. Amenities include semi-private rooms, private rehabilitation suites, hospice suites, comfortable lounges on each floor, several dining areas that serve three meals a day, physical, occupational and speech therapy, outpatient therapy, wound care program and IV therapy, therapeutic, recreational and social programs, and Memory Lane program with structured Alzheimer’s and memory loss care. Please call (814) 375-9100 for more information on skilled nursing services.

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Balance-boosting footwear tips for older Americans guidelines in mind: • Put shoes to the test – the APMA’s 1-2-3 test. Step 1 – Press on both sides of the heel area to ensure the heel is stiff and won’t collapse.

Step 2 – Bend the shoe to check for toe flexibility.

The shoe shouldn’t bend too much in the toe box area, but it shouldn’t be too stiff and inflexible either. Step 3 – Try twisting the shoe; it shouldn’t twist in the middle.

• Have your feet profess i o n a l l y m e a s u r e d eve r y time you shoe shop. Natural aging and health changes can cause the size of your feet to change. Measure both feet late in the day and shop for the larger foot.

• Bring the type of socks you plan to wear with the shoes and walk around the store in the shoes before you purchase them.

• If you don’t feel comfortable or steady in the store, don’t buy them. Shoes should feel comfortable and supportive right away; if they don’t feel good right away, breaking them in won’t improve things.

• I f y o u h ave s p e c i fi c health challenges or foot issues, talk to a podiatrist about the best footwear for your needs. If your podiatrist has prescribed orthotics,

biomechanical inserts that go into your shoes, take them with you when you shop and try them out in the shoes you’re considering.

• Quality shoes can be an investment. Before you buy, check to see if the brand and style you’re considering have earned the APMA’s Seal of Acceptance and Seal of Approval. The organization grants these seals to products found to promote good foot health.

To learn more about foot health, selecting proper footwear, and where you can find a podiatrist in your area, visit www.apma.org.

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12 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

(BPT) – Balance in all aspects of life is a good thing.

We work hard but make time for fun, love our children while setting boundaries, and eat healthy to enjoy a sundae on Friday night. But mental equilibrium isn’t the only kind of balance that’s important in life. Good physical balance can help older people avoid the debilitating and potentially life-threatening complications of a fall.

Falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries among older people, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In 2010, 2.3 million fall injuries sent older folks to emergency rooms, 662,000 required hospitalizations, and falls cost $30 billion in direct medical costs, the CDC says.

“Preventing falls among older Americans is a top health priority, and improved balance can help reduce the risk of a fall,” says Dr. Matthew Garoufalis, a podiatrist and president of the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA). “Proper footwear can help improve balance, especially in older people who may struggle with mobility and balance issues.”

When selecting a shoe to improve balance, keep these

Memory loss is not an automatic side effect of aging No one, regardless of age, is immune to random bouts of memory loss. While misplaced car keys or forgetting items on your grocery list are nothing to get worked up over, many men and women over 50 do start to worry about memory lapses, especially when they start to occur with more frequency than they might have just a few years ago. But while memory loss might be quickly associated with aging, increased forgetfulness is not an inevitable side effect of getting older, a fact that those at or approaching retirement age should find comforting.

When considering the relationship between memory and aging, it’s important that men and women recognize the distinction between memory lapses and dementia, as the two are not one and the same.

As a person ages, his or her hippocampus, the region of the brain involved in the formation and retrieval of memories, often deteriorates. This can affect how long it takes to learn and recall information.

But just because this process is slower does not mean it’s a warning sign of dementia,

which is the loss of certain mental functions, including memory. Though taking longer to recall information can be frustrating, many people still retain their ability to recall information. In addition, while dementia brought on by conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease is untreatable, there are things men and women can do to strengthen their memories and reduce their momentary lapses in memory.

• Start playing games.

Games that test the mind have long been believed to benefit the brain, though some remain skeptical about the true impact of brain games. However, a University of Iowa study funded by the National Institute on Aging found that brain games may in fact pay numerous and long-term dividends. In the study, 681 healthy volunteers over the age of 40 were divided into four groups. One group played computerized crossword puzzles, and three other groups played a brain training video game from Posit Science designed specifically to enhance the speed and accuracy of visual processing. The

volunteers showed less decline in visual processing as well as in other tests that measured concentration, memory and the ability to shift quickly between tasks, and the benefits from the training games lasted as long as seven years after training.

Brain games are now more accessible than ever before, as players can access such games on their smartphones, tablets, ereaders, andcomputers. And in addition to being effective, the games also provide entertainment value.

• Alter your routine. Many working professionals recognize that each day tends to have its mundane moments. The brain can grow accustomed to these moments, which tend to be a routine part of the day. But altering your daily routine can jar the brain awake, forcing it to focus during those times that had become mundane but now present new challenges. Something as simple as alternating driving routes to work from day to day or preparing some new, yet healthy, breakfast each morning can help the brain stay alert and sharp.

• Become a social butterfly. Maintaining a social life

as you age is a great way to keep in touch with friends and family. But there’s another reason to continue to be socially engaged. A 2008 study spearheaded by the clinical trials administrative director at Southern California Kaiser Permanente Medical Group and published in the American Journal of Public Health found that older women who maintained large social networks were 26 percent less likely to develop dementia than women with smaller social networks.

In addition, those who had daily contact with friends and family cut their risk of dementia by nearly half. The study also noted that regular social interaction can delay or possibly even prevent cognitive impairment.

• Continue your career.

While the idea of retiring poolside and watching the world go by might seem nice, such a scenario is not necessarily good for your brain. Numerous studies have shown the benefits that staying engaged in professional activities can have on brain health. The brain does not thrive if it’s sitting on the sideline. Staying active in your

career will continue to provide the challenges your brain needs to stay sharp and avoid memory loss and struggles with concentration. Men and women who want to leave office life behind can branch out on their own and work as consultants or put their years of experience to use by teaching at a nearby university or secondary school. But heading off for the hammock once you have hung up your briefcase can prove troublesome for your brain.

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News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 13

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The early warning signs of Alzheimer’s disease pocampus, which is the area of the brain essential in forming memories, may soon become compromised.

Millions of people in North America are estimated to have Alzheimer’s disease and many others will be diagnosed. The following are the most common early signs and symptoms of the disease.

• Memory loss: According to the Alzheimer’s Organization, early memory loss can include forgetting important dates or repeatedly asking for the same information. Forgetting recently learned information and having to rely increasingly on memory aids is another potential indicator of Alzheimer’s.

• Declining cognition: Impaired reasoning or judgment, trouble finding the right words and visual and spatial issues also may be early indicators of Alzheimer’s.

• Difficulty completing familiar tasks: Those with Alzheimer’s sometimes have trouble driving to a familiar location or remembering the rules to a favorite game. People who were once good with numbers may now have difficulty balancing their checkbooks, while those who love to cook

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• Time confusion: Another indicator of Alzheimer’s disease is losing track of time. One may have trouble understanding something that isn’t happening in the present. Alzheimer’s sufferers often forget where they are and how they got there.

• Misplacing items: Everyone loses something at a point in time, but those with Alzheimer’s may put items in unusual places. They may sometimes accuse others of stealing when they cannot retrace their steps

and find items.

• Decreased judgment: Decision-making abilities may be compromised. A person with Alzheimer’s may take unnecessary risks or give away sums of money.

• Mood changes: People with Alzheimer’s may suffer from confusion, suspicious feelings, depression and anxiety. A person may upset easily or become anxious outside of his or her comfort zones.

Age and family history of Alzheimer’s disease are the biggest risk factors. The likli-

hood of developing Alzheimer’s doubles about every five years after age 65, says the Alzheimer’s Organization. In addition, those with a parent, child or sibling who have developed Alzheimer’s are more likely to develop the disease than people with no such family history.

A physical and neurological exam, which may include blood tests and brain imaging, will be used to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease. Individuals can learn more by making appointments with their doctors.

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14 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. It is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks neurons and essentially robs people of their memory and language skills. Although there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, there are therapies that can slow its neurological impact. Recognizing the early warning signs of Alzheimer’s can encourage people to begin treatments that can stave off some of the more debilitating symptoms of this disease.

Though it’s most common among the elderly, Alzheimer’s is not a normal part of aging.

The Mayo Clinic says that the reasons behind the inception and progression of Alzheimer’s disease are largely unknown. It is believed damage starts a decade or more before problems become evident. Abnormal deposits of proteins begin to form the amyloid plaques and tau tangles throughout the brain, and these formations are the hallmarks of the disease. Oncehealthy neurons gradually begin to lose their efficiency and ability to function and communicate with one another. As more neurons die, entire areas of the brain shrink. The hip-

Pros and cons of reverse mortgages

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 15

Chances are you have come across an advertisement for a reverse mortgage and have probably wondered what this type of mortage is all about.

Geared toward seniors, reverse mortgages are growing in popularity and inspiring the curiosity of older homeowners.

A reverse mortgage is a loan offered to people over the age of 62 that enables borrowers to convert part of the equity in their homes into cash. People of retirement age may find that their limited income can make monthly expenses more difficult. Reverse mortgages were conceived as a method to helping people at this stage in life use the money they put into their homes to pay off debts or cover routine living expenses.

The loan is dubbed “reverse mortgage” because instead of the homeowner paying money to a lender as is customary with a traditional mortgage, the lender makes payments to the borrower. What’s more, the borrower is not required to pay back the loan until the home is sold or vacated. As long as a person is living in the home he or she is not required to make any payments toward the reverse mortgage loan balance.

However, the borrower must remain current on insurance and tax payments.

When a person takes out a reverse mortgage, he or she may borrow a portion of the market value on the home. As of 2012, the maximum loan amount available in the United States was $625,000. Any outstanding existing mortgages are paid off with the proceeds of the reverse mortgage, and either a lump sum of the balance or monthly payments are established. A homeowner may also opt for a line of credit with the reverse mortgage proceeds. Here is a more in-depth look at the pros and cons to reverse mortgages.

Pros A reverse mortgage enables seniors to live in their homes for the rest of their lives without fear of mortgage payments. Because there are no payments being made during the life of the loan, borrowers do not have to meet income requirements or credit checks.

As long as the borrower continues to maintain residence in the home, he or she is still eligible for the monthly payments received through the reverse mortgage. This money can be used for any purpose

and is tax-free. Borrowers can opt to modernize their homes or make safety improvements.

The funds can also be put toward medical expenses or travel or to help family with their own financial needs.

Because the government insures the reverse mortgage program, borrowers need not worry about receiving their payments. Should a lender fail to make a payment, the borrower is eligible for that money and a late fee as well.

Another benefit of reverse mortgages is they protect homeowners against falling home prices. If the value of the home drops after the loan is negotiated, it will not affect the equity value assessed for the life of the loan.

Cons One down side to reverse mortgages is that the loans have higher up-front fees than other types of financing. Borrowers have to pay not only an origination fee and closing costs, but mortgage insurance costs as well. These initial costs can be several thousands of dollars.

Unlike a traditional mortgage, where the balance gets lower and lower over time, with a reverse mortgage, no payments are being made on the loan. This means the loan balance simply gets larger over time depending on how much money is drawn from the home’s equity. At the end of the loan, when the homeowner moves from the property or the premises is vacated upon the borrower’s death, the value of the estate decreases based on the pay-off value of the reverse mortgage loan. Heirs will pay off the mortgage by selling the home and will only inherit the remaining money after the reverse mortgage lender has the loan satisfied.

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This means men and women will be leaving less money for their heirs, but those heirs will not be personally liable if the home sells for less than the value of the mortgage. The mortgage lender has to claim a loss and request reimbursement from the Federal Housing Administration.

Something many seniors may not be aware of with regard to reverse mortgages is that these loans can affect eligibility for some needbased programs. Although

Social Security and Medicare are not affected, Medicaid and other government assistance programs can be affected if a senior has a surplus of funds from a reverse mortgage that are not spent during the month.

A reverse mortgage is a long-term solution. People who are looking for a shortterm fix will find that this type of loan probably doesn’t meet their needs. Furthermore, it is hard to be approved for reverse mortgages on newly

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purchased homes. Lenders usually like to see at least six months or a year chain of title on a property before issuing a reverse mortgage.

Many seniors often find reverse mortgages confusing. Seniors may unwittingly agree to a loan without fully understanding the scope of the reverse mortgage. It is adviseable to seek counseling on reverse mortgages before applying for one.

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Preparing for hospice care palliative care of terminally ill patients. Rather than providing medication to try to treat the illness, medicine is offered to make a person more comfortable and remove any pain. Psychological therapy may also be offered to help the person come to terms with the end of life.

Although hospice is a concept that has gradually evolved since the 11th century, the principles of modern hospice care can trace their roots to the 1950s and Dame Cicely Saunders, a nurse and social worker who is known as the creator of the hospice movement.

If hospice care is outlined in a dying person’s living will or expressed wishes, there are some guidelines that can be followed by the sick individual.

• Visit various medical care centers to see if away-fromhome options provide the care and environment you desire. If Be sure to establish what type of hospice care you prefer. This may include care within a nursing home or hospital, or in the comfort of your own home.

• Sign a medical durable power of attorney. This signed document gives authority to an adult age 18 or older, who then has the right to make necessary medical and healthcare decisions for you in the event you become incapacitated.

• Clearly indicate your wishes regarding resuscitation. A signed document may alert emergency healthcare personnel or others of your wishes not to be resuscitated. This document must be signed by you and a doctor and witnessed by others.

• Decide on the duration of care. Hospice care generally lasts six months. This enables a long stretch of palliative care.

Should you live beyond the time period, hospice care can continue. Studies have shown that patients who receive hospice care for at least 30 to 60 days gain greater benefit than those who are placed in hospice only in their final days.

• Investigate financial options for hospice. Medicare and Medicaid provide hospice coverage in 44 states. Many private insurance plans have a hospice benefit as well. Understand how payment is made to figure out if private funding will be necessary.

Not all hospice programs are the same. Certain core models of care are followed by many hospice facilities, but options vary. Hospice can provide comfort in a person’s final days and help sufferers better enjoy life and time spent with loved ones in these last days.

Generic foods make ‘cents’

Generic foods line the aisles of grocery stores, often right alongside more well-known brands.

Many consumers know that generic foods cost less, and price is a definite selling point. But how do these products measure up in taste and quality? Very often the differences are negligible, meaning generic products make smart buys.

By switching to generic or store brands, shoppers can save hundreds of dollars a year. Generic foods tend to be less expensive than brand-name items because manufacturers of generic products do not advertise or market such products, not because they are made with inferior ingredients.

With no television commercials to pay for, generic manufacturers can pass the savings on to the consumer. This helps consumers stretch their food budgets that much further.

Alittle-known secret of generic brands is that many are actually produced and shipped from brand-name facilities. A company that produces a certain brand of breakfast cereal may also package that product under a generic label. The ingredients are identical, but the price is not.

In many instances, the taste of generic foods may be comparable to brand name alternatives.

When generic products do taste differently, such differences are often minor. At the very least, generic ingredients can be used in recipes where differences in taste are nearly impossible to notice.

Those ready to try generics can begin by experimenting with a certain products. Buy a small serving size of the desired product and try

it, then try it again, and you may be surprised by the results.

• Cereal: A consumer can save anywhere from 25 to 50 percent on generic cereal. If children insist on a brand that they saw on a commercial, buy it once in the branded variety, then save the box and refill it with a generic cereal.

• Soda: Although relatively cheap to produce, brand-name sodas are often much more expensive than generic versions. Many generic colas are comparable to the better-known brands.

• Salt, flour and spices: Generic baking ingredients can save consumers lots of money, and few people are likely to notice a difference in taste. Flour is flour, and there is likely only a minimal difference between one packaged by a store and one packaged by a name company.

• Frozen french fries: French fries are simply potatoes sliced and fried, then flash-frozen.

There is little taste difference between unseasoned varieties of french fries between brands.

• Medications: Opting for generic pain relievers can save you quite a lot of money. These drugs are subjected to the same rigorous testing as name-brand medicines, so consumers can rest assured that they are safe.

• Produce: Whether an apple has a name brand on it or a generic label, it will taste the same. Lettuce, vegetables and other foods sold in the produce department can all be purchased as generics rather than brand names without sacrificing quality.

comfort.love.respect Living life as fully as possible is what hospice and palliative care are all about.

Hospice brings you and your family compassionate care when a cure isn’t possible. Palliative care provides comfort and support earlier in the course of a serious illness. Together hospice and palliative care provide solutions beyond traditional medical care.

Most importantly, hospice brings you and your family comfort, love and respect.

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16 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

Sometimes patients succumb to a disease, in spite of the best treatments and support. When the time comes for a family to confront a loved one’s declining health, hospice care can be a dignified way to make that person’s final days as comforting as possible.

Hospice is a type of care designed to make the final moments of a person’s life as pain-free and manageable as possible. It can take place in a medical facility, but very often hospice care occurs at home or wherever the ill person feels most comfortable.

Hospice care is usually the last step when all other options have been exhausted. Making the decision to move a loved one to hospice care can be an emotionally wrenching time.

Decisions such as these may be better made at a time in a person’s life when he or she is not sick. That is why living wills that spell out details for endof-life care can be quite valuable. Decisions are made with a level head and not wrought with emotions. Such living wills also can take the pressure off of family members who may not feel comfortable making such decisions on their own or in concert with relatives.

Hospice is a type of care and a philosophy that focuses on the

Foods that help fight fatigue Winter weather produces more than just colder temperatures and snow-covered landscapes. The longer hours of darkness synonymous with winter can promote feelings of lethargy and fatigue. People who leave the house in the early morning darkness, only to return home when the sun has set, often find themselves feeling tired. But changing your diet to include foods that provide energy may be just what you need to counter such fatigue.

Energy levels are often affected by what we eat. If you choose foods that result in a mid-afternoon slump, it could be time to make some changes.

They key is to select menu items that will provide a gradual stream of energy through the day, eliminating those highs and lows that can lead to dips in energy. Here are some smart food choices to fight fatigue.

• Oatmeal: This fiber-rich food provides a quick boost of energy from carbohydrates, but will not result in a sugar crash that is common with many breakfast cereals. The fiber in oatmeal will feed the beneficial bacteria in your digestive tract, helping to keep the digestion

system healthy. This means you can easily absorb the nutrients in oatmeal and avoid constipation.

• Pumpkin seeds: Researchers at the United States Agricultural Research Service found that people with magnesium deficiencies required more oxygen uptake during physical activity, which then brought on fatigue. Snacking on magnesium-rich foods, such as pumpkin seeds, will provide the body with the recommended daily allowance of magnesium. Aim for 310 mg of magnesium for women and 400 mg for men.

•Lean proteins: When enjoying proteins, opt for leaner meats and seafood that can be quickly digested by the body.

Red meats marbled in fat require more energy to digest.

• Yogurt: The soft texture of yogurt makes it easily digestible by the body, providing a quick source of energy. But unlike other foods, yogurt has a good ratio of protein to carbohydrates, making it a long-lasting energy source.

Yogurt also contains a bevy of healthy probiotics that promote healthy bacteria in the digestive

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 17

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John T. Smelko, D.M.D. DuBois

tract while eliminating harmful bacteria. Recent research from the University of Toronto suggests that probiotics can help ease symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome, among other conditions. This makes yogurt a good meal or snack to enjoy any time of the day.

• Whole grains: When choosing carbohydrates, opt for complex carbohydrates, which can be found in whole grains, instead of refined carbs.

The body digests and releases complex carbohydrates slowly, moderating blood sugar levels and keeping your mood stable.

This helps the body maintain adequate energy levels.

• Spinach: Fatigue may be a byproduct of an iron deficiency, which is a common cause of anemia. Red blood cells use iron to carry oxygen to cells.

Without adequate iron, the red blood cells cannot do their job well and mental and physical fatigue may ensue. Spinach is an excellent source of iron, magnesium and vitamin C. • Walnuts: Walnuts and other foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids can alleviate symptoms of fatigue. A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that alphalinolenic acid found in walnuts can boost energy and relive depression symptoms.

• Dark chocolate: Every once in a while you may crave something a little sweet for a pick-me-up. But rather than selecting just any candy bar or snack, opt for something smart.

Dark chocolate is rich in antioxidants and polyphenols. The chocolate helps boost the brain chemical serotonin, which can alleviate feelings of fatigue.

Winter doldrums do not have to get you down. Selecting an array of healthy foods that provide maximum energy and mood-boosting properties can help to banish fatigue.

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Today’s retirees recognize that an active retirement tends to be more rewarding than simply sitting around the house, and that attitude is reflected in the vast number of retirees who volunteer with various nonprofit organizations and other programs across the globe. The following are a handful of volunteering opportunities for those retirees who want to give back and make the most of their retirements.

Habitat for Humanity Habitat for Humanity is a nonprofit organization that builds and repairs homes for people in need. It has a program titled “Care-A-Vanners” in which volunteers typically spend two weeks traveling around the United States and Canada in rented RVs (retirees who own RVs may be able to drive their own vehicles) building and restoring homes. Volunteers must pay their own way and bring along their own supplies, such as work shoes, gloves, tool belts, and some tools (power tools

are typically provided by the local Habitat for Humanity chapter), and free or low-cost RV parking is provided by Habitat for Humanity. Adventurous retirees who enjoy hitting the open road may find “Care-A-Vanners” matches their love of travel with their desire to give back.

Work with children Many retirees, especially those without grandchildren or who live far away from their grandchildren, find volunteering with children to be especially rewarding. The opportunities to work with kids are numerous, and retirees can choose a volunteering opportunity where their own life experiences come in handy.

For example, retirees who worked in the medical field might want to volunteer their time at a local children’s hospital, where they can assist families as they cope with a child’s illness and spend time with the children themselves, whether’s it’s tutoring sick children, reading them stories or helping them understand

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their illnesses.

Retirees with considerable experience in the business world may want to work with a mentoring program that matches them up with careerminded youngsters.

Service vacations Retirement is often seen as a time to travel and see the world, and many retirees have started to combine that love of travel with service opportunities. Globe Aware, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, develops short-term volunteer programs in international environments. Each activity aims to promote cultural awareness and promote sustainability in needy communities.

Volunteers work to address issues identified by the host communities as particularly pressing, interacting with the local residents in ways that are often impossible on more traditional vacations.

Meals on Wheels Retirees tend to have their mornings and afternoons free, making them ideal candidates to volunteer with programs such as Meals on Wheels, a nonprofit organization devoted to delivering nutritious meals to those with limited mobility who are unable to prepare their own meals.

The program delivers more than one million meals per day across the United States, and Canada has its own meal delivery programs as well.

Many Meals on Wheels volunteers are retirees, who can decide their level of involvement upon volunteering.

Disaster relief Disaster relief programs may be less predictable than more routine volunteer programs, but retirees often make great volunteers at disaster relief sites. Unlike working professionals who cannot travel to disaster relief sites without ample planning ahead of time, retirees often find the flexibility of retirement allows them to pitch in when an unforesee natural disaster strikes and volunteers are needed seemingly overnight.

Many disaster relief programs need volunteers who are certified in CPR or have other unique lifesaving skills, but even retirees without such skills can help by handling supplies or by comforting and assisting survivors of natural disasters.

18 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014

Active retirement should include volunteer time

Growing mobility and accessibility Why Choose issues spark home innovations Mahoning Riverside Manor?

News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014 - 19

(BPT) – Driven by a growing senior population, soldiers returning home injured from war and the ongoing obesity epidemic, mobility and home accessibility issues are becoming more commonplace in America. In response, companies today are creating innovative home solutions that focus on both improved form and function, and serve to create welcome alternatives to traditional solutions for homeowners with mobility and home access challenges.

Because many of these new solutions are designed to blend into one’s everyday life and complement nearly any style, the functional benefits they provide can be easy to miss.

The home improvement experts at Lowe’s offer tips to enhance the look and accessibility of nearly any home.

Looks do matter Traditional aluminum ramps may be functional, but they hardly blend into the overall look or style of a home. In the past, the only way to achieve a stylish and custom look was with a specially designed and constructed wood ramp, but Lowe’s has developed a solution that makes a custom look easier to achieve and install.

“Lowe’s designed a unique access ramp solution that combines the look of a custom-built wood deck with the easy installation of an aluminum modular ramp,” says Patricia Moore, a world-renowned gerontologist and designer. “The new ramp allows professionals and do-ityourselfers to install the system in less time than a custom wood ramp and within virtually any budget, given it’s configurable shape and multitude of decking and railing accessory options.”

Lowe’s Gatehouse Custom Access Ramp System allows professionals and do-it-yourselfers to install the system in less time than a custom wood ramp, and the modular ramp can be configured with right, left or u-turns to fit the accessibility needs of users and the style of the home. Coordinating caps, balusters, post sleeves and railings give the system a pleasing, custom look. The system also allows owners to remove, relocate and reuse the ramp if they move to a different home.

Homeowners considering a ramp can visit www.lowes. com/ramps to use an online configuration tool that allows

them to “play architect” and custom-design their own ramp.

Customers can also visit their local store or call 1-800-GOLOWES for assistance in product selection, purchase and to schedule a free, in-home consultation.

Function hidden in plain sight Once only found in public buildings such as offices and schools, lever-style door handles have become a standard option for residential homes.

But it’s not just the look of these handles that makes them a desirable alternative to standard knobs – it’s the function. Leverstyle handles are easier to grip than standard doorknobs making them a preferred alternative for anyone that’s ever tried to grip a standard knob from a seated position in a wheelchair, while juggling an armful of groceries, or while suffering from arthritis.

Delta has taken things one step further with the introduction of touch faucets that feature classic designs with updated technology to make turning water on and off more effortless than ever before.

Small spaces, big innovations Most in-home falls occur in the bathroom and, especially amongst the elderly, are one of the leading causes of hospitalization. At the same time, bathrooms tend to be the smallest rooms in a home making these spaces especially challenging to navigate for those with mobility challenges. With these challenges in mind, bathrooms

have become an especially rich area of innovation in recent years.

The emergence of multifunctional and fully integrated solutions leads the trend in bathroom accessibility improvements. One of the simplest solutions has been the introduction of “chair height” toilets, which, because of their higher bowl height versus standard toilets, provide better leverage when standing from a seated position. Grab bars are also evolving to include designs that seamlessly integrate two products into one stylish solution, such as Moen’s grab bars that dually function as a towel rack or toilet paper holder.

Standard tubs and vanities, which tend to create barriers to use for those with mobility issues, have gotten their share of attention too. Wall-mounted sinks, which can be accessed from a seated position, have benefitted from style updates and easier installation than past models. Retrofitting tubs to create easier-to-access shower enclosures has also become simpler with new innovations in factory-installed shower seats, grab bars and shower valves.

Home accessibility improvements can help you enjoy your home safely for as long as possible and new products and solutions are making accessibility easier to enjoy than ever before.

For more information on home accessibility, checklists, how-to projects, articles and tips, visit Lowes.com/AccessibleHome.

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20 - News For Seniors, The Punxsutawney Spirit & Jefferson County Neighbors, February 2014