Glass International February 2016

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February 2016—Vol.39 No.2

EGYPTIAN OVERVIEW RECYLING RUSSIAN PROFILE I N T E R N A T I O N A L

A GLOBAL REVIEW OF GLASSMAKING

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Contents

February 2016 Vol.39 No.2

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10

February 2016—Vol.39 No.2

EGYPTIAN OVERVIEW

2 Editor’s Comment 3 International news

RECYLING RUSSIAN PROFILE

10 Egypt overview

A country of contrasts:

Egypt remains intriguing

A GLOBAL REVIEW OF GLASSMAKING

Glass International February 2016

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Front cover image www.pennine.org

Company profile: E.W. Bowman ‘A constant state of evolution’

Glass recycling 22 GPI:

Strengthening recycling in the USA 26 Friends of Glass:

Achieving the UK’s new Circular Economy

glass recycling targets 28 Zippe:

Zippe installs cullet plant at Wiegand Glas 30 Berryman:

The problem with co-mingling 34 Encirc:

Being green in 2016 36 FERVER:

Glass an integral part of the circular economy

43 Technical Topics

Events world: Mir Stekla 45 International audience prepares for Mir Stekla

2016 in Moscow

Plus find us on Linked-In and Twitter.

www.glass-international.com

Personality profile: GIMAV director Gimav Director has big plans

39 History

Country profile: Russia 40 Ekran: Russia’s container glass industry bets

for success in 2018

19

@Glass_Int

14

19

22

Events world: Glass Problems 48 A host of international experts attend Glass

Problems conference

Glass Focus 2016 50 Focus on the future of the industry

51 Diary

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I N T E R N A T I O N A L

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Editor’s comment

Greg Morris

www.glass-international.com Editor: Greg Morris Tel: +44 (0)1737 855132 Email: gregmorris@quartzltd.com Assistant Editor: Sally Love Tel: +44 (0)1737 855154 Email: sallylove@quartzltd.com Designer: Annie Baker Tel: +44 (0)1737 855130 Email: anniebaker@quartzltd.com

Will the circular economy put glass sector in a spin?

Sales Manager: Jeremy Fordrey Tel: +44 (0)1737 855133 Email: jeremyfordrey@quartzltd.com Production Executive: Martin Lawrence Managing Director: Steve Diprose Chief Executive Officer: Paul Michael

A

www.glass-international.com

Sales Director: Ken Clark Tel: +44 (0)1737 855117 Email: kenclark@quartzltd.com

long time ago and in a place far far away, I had a very different life to the one I lead now.

Before working in B2B magazines and reporting on the glass industry, I managed to secure a job in Australia. I was fortunate, in that the position took me around a vast chunk of the country, so was able to see most of its spectacular sights while still earning an income.

During my many lunch breaks in the parks of a variety of its cities something was apparent: Australia had embraced the idea of recycling. Alongside regular waste bins in most of its public parks were recycling bins where Antipodeans could discard their glass, paper and cans knowing they would all be re-used.

Even then, as a callow mid-twenty something, I was a recycling aficionado, and I wondered why the UK hadn’t embraced the same position. The UK at the time was backward at recycling, there was no kerbside collections that are so prevalent today. Anyone interested in recycling had to drive to the nearest bottle bank or recycling centre, emitting CO2 from their car before doing their bit for the planet.

Thankfully, in the intervening 10 years since my return to the UK, the recycling movement has grown dramatically and terms such as sustainability and carbon footprint have become commonplace.

Now there is new terminology for the public and industry in particular to learn:

the circular economy. The European Commission recently published its Circular Economy Package, which has been welcomed by the glass industry.

The package outlines ambitious recycling targets for the glass packaging industry to achieve.

As Baudouin Ska, General Secretary of the European Federation of Glass Recyclers (FERVER) outlines in this issue, more than 90% of its members already comply with current End of Waste (EOW) regulation. Glass recycling rates are admirable in Europe, with high rates in the mature economies. More needs to be done in Eastern European countries, a fact FERVER acknowledges.

In contrast to the EOW regulation, adopted without delay by the glass industry, the circular package remains ambiguous. For example, what does ‘the final recycling process’ mean: is it the last recycling plant producing cullet, or is it the first glass manufacturing plant to use it?

Previous regulation worked because FERVER worked with glass manufacturers (FEVE) and combined their efforts and aligned their points of view to propose clear rules and criteria to the Commission. Let’s hope the Commission has listened again to the experts when it comes to the Circular Economy Package.

Greg Morris Editor gregmorris@quartzltd.com

Quartz Glass Portfolio

Monthly journal for the industry worldwide

Directory 2015 Annual international reference source

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Subscriptions: Elizabeth Barford Tel: +44 (0)1737 855028 Fax: +44 (0)1737 855034 Email: subscriptions@quartzltd.com Published by Quartz Business Media Ltd, Quartz House, 20 Clarendon Road, Redhill, Surrey RH1 1QX, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1737 855000. Fax: +44 (0)1737 855034.

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International News

NEWS IN BRIEF

O-I reports 3% growth

Nafis Glass commissions facility Iranian container glass producer Nafis Glass has successfully commissioned a new glass plant.

Nafis Glass is the sister company of Mofid Glass and operates two furnaces for pharmaceutical products as well as containers. The new plant

and its building in Takestan were constructed for two large furnaces. The initial capacity with 360 t/d was commissioned in January 2016.

Sorg designed and supplied the key equipment for the new 125m² regenerative end-fired furnace with four production

lines for container glass production. The forehearths are all Sorg 340S type.

Sorg also supplied the special superstructure refractory material including all equipment for the glass conditioning section.

South American partnership Suppliers Quantum and Interglass have formed a partnership to serve South America’s container manufacturers.

US-based Quantum said it had entered the partnership to provide its current customer base with a better support structure and to develop new relationships in a rapidly growing market.

Mexico’s Interglass is a developer, manufacturer and supplier of lubricants for the glass industry. The company has also partnered with other

industry suppliers from North America and Europe.

It has a presence in South America, with a team of sales engineers, technical experts, logistical, and customer support personnel based in its Sao Paulo, Brazil office.

Mike Albert, Vice President of Technology at Quantum, said: “It is exciting to have the opportunity to work together with a new partner. I look forward to the increased focus on South America.”

Jose Luis Velez, Director at

Interglass, said: “The partnership with Quantum is an important step for Interglass towards the consolidation of our leading position in LATAM.” The companies will build on the relationships with their respective customers and work to address the forming needs of the South American glass packaging industry.

Interglass will support Quantum in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay.

Ardagh closes two production lines Ardagh Glass has confirmed it plans to close two production lines at its Wheatley plant in Doncaster, UK. It will close the two lines in April due to a downturn in demand from some of its main food customers.

The site produces jars and bottles for the food and soft drinks industies in the UK and employs a total of 384 people.

An Ardagh employee, who did not want to be named, said staff at the plant had been told

that between 50 and 60 jobs were likely to be lost in April, but this has not yet been confirmed.

An Ardagh Glass spokesman said: “We regret having to make this decision, but in order to remain competitive and safeguard other jobs in a very challenging market place we have had to reduce our operating costs.

“Consultation regarding the impact on jobs is currently underway with union represent-

atives.”

The company’s other glass production plants in Barnsley, Knottingley (West Yorkshire) and Irvine (Ayrshire, Scotland) are not affected.

The company, formerly known as Rockware Glass, moved to a new warehouse in Barnby Dun Road, Wheatley in 2001 which enabled it to store more than 75 million bottles and jars.

Production started in Wheatley in 1969.

Volumes of wine, spirits, food and non-alcoholic beverages glass packaging all grew globally in 2015, stated Owens-Illinois (O-I) in its full year financials.

The world’s largest container glassmaking company reported that global beer glass packaging volumes fell 1% due to a decline in mainstream beer. Shipments into craft and premium beer expanded in 2015.

Overall, global volumes were up 3% compared to the prior year. Excluding the acquisition of Vitro’s food and beverage business, volumes were on par with 2014.

CEO Andres Lopez said the company continued its initiatives to improve performance.

Emhart’s sales boost

Switzerland’s Bucher Emhart Glass reported increased demand for its glass forming and inspection machinery.

It said demand would rise in 2016 with the launch of a new generation of inspection machines and the continued cooperation with O-I. In its 2015 financials, it reported an increased order intake of 8.9% compared to the year before and an increase in net sales by 2%, when adjusted for currency exchange effects.

Its spare parts business and the South American region, where major beer brewers are investing in the production capacity of glass containers, developed positively.

Aventics acquisition

The tooth chain business formerly owned by Aventics, has been sold to Renold GmbH and Renold plc.

The new business will operate under the brand name Renold Tooth Chain.

There are no planned changes to existing contacts within the business, and with the obvious exception of the company name, the address and telephone numbers remain unchanged.

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International News

NEWS IN BRIEF

Horn hires Repxper

Hollow glass industry set for Middle East event The world’s leading hollow glass industry technology suppliers are set to descend on the Middle East.

Companies from sectors including the furnaces, inspection, refractories and coatings have already confirmed their participation at the Glassman Middle East exhibition and conference.

The free-to-attend event takes place in Abu Dhabi on May 10 and 11. The Middle East has become a hub of glasmaking in recent years thanks to cheap energy prices, a rising disposable income among its youthful population and a cultural affinity to glass compared to other materials.

Now, with the opening of

trade agreements between Iran and the West, the glass industry is set to benefit from increased exposure to the Iranian market. Iran’s hollow glass industry is now preparing for investment from foreign companies looking to take advantage of Iran’s well-established industry, its vast reserves of silica and natural gas, and its low labour costs.

Saeed Kalafchi, Director at Iranian tableware manufacturer Noritazeh Glass, said glass was part of Iran’s heritage.

“Iranian people prefer to use glass compared to other materials such as ceramics or steel.”

The region has an established hollow glassmaking industry with leading man-

ufacturers based in UAE, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Egypt. They have all been invited to attend the event where they will meet industry experts who will showcase the latest technologies.

Exhibiting companies include Italy’s Bohemi Chemicals, Pneumofore, BDF Industries, Antonini and Emmeti, Germany’s Sorg, Zippe, Horn and Reckmann, Iris Inspection Machines and Sefpro from France as well as FIC UK and Pennine Industrial Equipment from the UK. Conference speakers include Frigoglass, Pneumofore, Ilis, Sefpro and IRF Europa.

The event website is www. glassmanevents.com/mid-east

www.glass-international.com

futronic technicians impress Heinz-Glass in follow up order futronic technicians have integrated another cooling cycle into the Servo-Take-Out process at Heinz-Glas’ headquarters in Kleintettau, Germany.

A 10 section IS-machine from GPS with Servo-TakeOuts (STO) has been in operation at the headquarters plant since April 2015.

Instead of the six usual movement phases the STO-mechanisms now pass through eight at the production line.

Through emitting cooling, the temperature in the glass

starts to fall at take-out of the container.

In order to lower the glass temperature before a HeinzGlas flacon is positioned on the conveyor belt, futronic technicians integrated an additional cooling cycle into the servo-take-out-process, as requested by the customer.

It was important not to affect the timing of the machine and therefore the production process.

“Servo-mechanisms are not insignificant, and in this case the take-out gripper should

take positions, which are not even provided for the classical Servo-Take-Out procedure,“ explained Murat Yolaçan, who is responsible for the project at futronic. “But we managed it.

“Not least due to our control system FMT24S, which offers – independent from the machine manufacturer – freedom and scope for individual solutions.”

Heinz-Glas was impressed and has ordered the fitting of a STO on a second production line, a six section IS-Machine from Bucher Emhart Glass.

German furnaces company Horn will be represented in France by the Repxper company, after a recent contract signing.

Repxper’s owner and managing director is Mr. Jean-Philippe Martel, who has been active in the glass industry since 1998.

He was first active as a project manager for ten years in the flat glass and container glass industry. He then served for five years as a sales and marketing manager at a large engineering office in France.

Mr. Martel will maintain good contact with the customer for Horn.

Angolan success

Pneumofore has installed its vacuum pumps at an Angolan glassworks.

Pneumofore had previously installed its air-cooled vacuum pumps at other glass plants in Nigeria, Ethiopia and South Africa where they have been in operation for more than 10 years without any problems.

The company said: “Good references are our first and best sales tool, these distant customers are satisfied, even though there is no local service centre.”

Zippe’s Mexican plant

Germany’s Zippe Industrieanlagen is building a batch plant for the Mexican container glass factory Industria Vidriera de Caohuila (IVC) in Nava, Mexico.

The IVC production plant is a 50-50 joint venture between Owens-Illinois (OI) and Constellation Brands and produces container packages for Constellation’s neighbouring brewery.

The batch plant has a total capacity of 990 tons of glass per day and includes the batch and cullet transport system, the automatic cullet return system for new furnaces 3 and 4, and also the complete electrical control system.

The order was placed with Zippe on a turnkey basis.

Production is scheduled to start in May 2017.

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International News

North-East Asian demand for Tiama’s equipment Tiama has observed a surge in demand for high-quality, international standard equipment from the North-East Asian hollow glass market.

2015 saw South Korea’s glass industry upgrade a large number of its inspection equipment to Tiama’s latest technology.

A total of seven new generation inspection machines, MCAL4 (for sidewall & dimensional control, pictured), MULTI4 (finish & base), MX4 (carousel machine) equipped with ATLAS (non-contact check detection), and ARGOS (Non-contact on line check detection in the finish) were installed in South Korea for pharmaceutical and food industry glass packaging suppliers.

Taiwan, a competitive market with exports orientated towards the APEC

countries, has also evolved over the past four years to become one of the most advanced in Asia.

Today, it represents the second market in the region after mainland China to use Tiama’s new generation of inspection machines, with more than 20 units of the new generation MCAL4/MULTI4/ MX4 with ATLAS in operation in Taiwan. China is still the country with the

most demand for Tiama’s equipment and is the largest glass market in the region. Tiama has already received orders for more than 14 inspection machines, MCAL4, MULTI4 and MX4 equipped with ATLAS, for the beginning of 2016.

By the end of the first quarter of 2016, Tiama will have more than 31 ATLAS systems in operation throughout China, Taiwan and South Korea.

O-I Mexico installs Xpar system O-I Mexico (formerly Vitro), Mexico’s largest glass producer, has installed five Xpar Vision Gob Assists and Blank Temperature Control systems (GA/BTC) at its Queretaro and Monterrey plants.

The cooperation with Xpar began four years ago, when director Juan Farias from FAMA, plant manager Eduardo Servin from

Vitro Queretaro and Michael Podgorski from Xpar Vision agreed to install IR-D systems at the Queretaro glass plant.

The cooperation has progressed towards new technologies such as the Gob Assist and Blank Temperature Control module and resulted in the extension of the hot end inspection and monitoring capacity.

The first five GA and BTC systems were installed: three at the O-I Queretaro plant and two at the O-I Monterrey plant.

Later this year, a further four GA/BTC systems will be installed at the O-I Queretaro plant, under leadership from plant manager Jose Gonzalez.

Egyptian acquisition Egypt’s Middle East Glass (MEG) Misr company has completed the acquisition of Misr Glass for EGY735 million ($93.8 million).

Misr Glass Manufactur-

ing Company is the second largest container glass manufacturer in Egypt. It has three furnaces and a total production capacity of 141 thousand tons. It

produces glass containers for the domestic and export markets. MEG Misr is a subsidiary of Middle East Glass Manufacturing Group.

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International News

NEWS IN BRIEF

Newport Industries’ £7m handling facility

Newport Industries will invest £7m to create a bulk handling facility at the Port of Liverpool, UK due to increased demand from UK glass manufacturers.

The facility will allow the global firm, which specialises in importing dry bulk chemicals such as soda ash, to supply the glass industry to meet increased demand.

Construction of the new bulk handling facility will be completed in several phases. The first phase, which includes the construction of a pneumatic ship discharger and two silos, is expected to be delivered by autumn 2016.

The further construction of an additional four silos and a pallet warehouse will be completed by 2018.

The facility will have an capacity to supply 500,000 tons by 2017, with an additional 300,000mts by 2020.

Bock retirement

The founder of Bock Energietechnik has retired almost 40 years after starting the business.

Werner Bock retired from the company at the end of 2015. He has been succeeded by his son, Günther Bock, who since 2012 had been actively cooperating as general manager in his father’s company.

Werner Bock will remain closely linked with the company. With his decades of experience he will be a consultant for the company in terms of configurations and calculations of melting technology.

www.glass-international.com

Mexicali brewery

Constellation Brands is to build a brewery in Mexicali, Mexico, at an estimated cost of US$1.5 billion, as well as expand its Nava brewery with an investment of $250 million.

Constellation expects the new Mexicali brewery, which will have an initial production capacity of 10 million hectolitres, to be completed in four to five years. The brewery will be situated close to California.

Ekran’s $8.1m modernisation Siberian glass manufacturer Ekran has completed its 650RBL ($8.1 million) modernisation programme at its Novosibirsk plant, Russia.

Work started in March last year with a major cold glass furnace repair on its No 5 furnace, which resulted in an

increase in production by 45 tons a day (255 to 300 tons per day) and an increased service life of five years.

In November last year it completed a full renovation of its No 2 furnace that resulted in a daily production increase from 100 to 180 tons and an

extra eight to 10 years projected service life.

The plant expects to produce 447 million glass bottles in 2016.

Ekran General Director Pavel Bobosik said: “The investment will pay off in about five and a half years.”

Iris secures Kumbi Corp order South Korea’s Kumbi Corp has turned to inspection solutions group, Iris Inspection Machines to deliver inspection machinery at its manufacturing sites.

The equipment has been specified for the glass container producer’s Incheon and Onyang plants.

This is the French company’s first order from Kumbi and represents a breakthrough

in the domestic hollow glass industry. Kumbi is planning a major modernisation at its Incheon factory, which currently features a single 170 tonnes/day melting furnace, serving two fully automated production lines.

Specified to replace existing on-line inspection equipment, Iris will supply an Evolution 16 machine for sidewall and sidewall stress inspection.

The Onyang plant houses two melting furnaces and four production lines, manufacturing 220 tonnes/day of glass containers. An Evolution 2 machine will be installed specifically for finish inspection at the site.

The specialist non-contact equipment will be built at Iris’s headquarters in Bron, close to Lyon and has been scheduled for installation in April 2016.

Top 10 stories in the news Our most popular news items, as determined by our website traffic r 1 Ardagh Glass confirms UK production line closure r 2 Bastürk Glass selects Sorg r 3 Piramal chooses Vertech’ for production monitoring r 4 Renold completes Aventics acquisition r 5 Beatson’s 330ml embossed standard is chosen by Ridgeway Brewery r 6 Bucher Emhart Glass reports strong demand and positive outlook r 7 O-I to display new craft beer standards at BeerX r 8 Heye focuses on the future with Stölzle production experts r 9 futronic technicians impress Heinz-Glass in follow up order r 10 Mega Enterprises and LWN Lufttechnik latest companies to sign for Glassman All full stories can be found on our website, www.glass-international.com/news Be first with the news! VISIT: www.glass-international.com for daily news updates

8 Glass International February 2016

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Glass is our Passion

Country focus: Egypt

A country of contrasts: Egypt remains intriguing Following Middle East Glass’ latest acquisition and ahead of the Glassman Middle East event, Sally Love investigates Egypt’s hollow glass industry, a major supplier to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

 The recently acquired Misr Glass’ plant in Cairo.

www.glass-international.com

E

gypt’s container glass manufacturing industry is one of contrasts: predominantly made up of small and medium sized businesses, it is also home to Middle East Glass (MEG), the largest food and beverage packaging company in the MENA region.

In January, MEG added to its market domination by acquiring Misr Glass, causing further consolidation in the Egyptian market.

Ancient Egyptians were among the first to use glass, with evidence of decorative items such as amulets and glass beads dating as far back as 2500BC. The first glass vessels discovered in Egypt are believed to have been produced around 1500BC, and it is thought that this craft probably came to

Egypt due to its expansion into the Middle East at that time.

Today the flow of trade has reversed, with Egypt a major supplier to its neighbouring Middle East region. Its hollow glass industry has the capacity to produce more than 5,000 tons of glass per day, or approximately 1.8 million tons a year.

Although the majority of hollow glass produced in Egypt is container glass, the country has a healthy tableware industry made up of more than 30 factories. More than 1,000 tons of glass tableware is produced daily, mostly by small scale operations that manufacture around 30 tons per day each, with only five exceeding this value.

Continued>>

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Country focus: Egypt

Most of this production caters to the domestic market, with only 20% exported to nearby Arab and African countries.

With an estimated population of 87 million people, Egypt’s domestic market provides a large target market for container glass producers. In recent years, however, political unrest coupled with high inflation has resulted in a drop in consumer confidence, making exports even more important to the country’s manufacturers.

Middle East Glass (MEG) is by far the largest container glass manufacturer in the country.

It increased in size in January this year when it acquired 100% of Misr Glass Manufacturing (MGM) and its subsidiary United Glass Company (UGC).

“Its hollow glass industry has the capacity to produce more than 5,000 tons of glass per day, or approximately 1.8 million tons

”

a year

 IS equipment at the hot end in Misr Glass Manufacturing’s plant in Cairo.

Middle East Glass (MEG) is based in Nasr City, Cairo and was founded in 1983. It is the largest packaging supplier in the MENA region and supplies glass and plastic packaging products for the food and beverage industries.

Its glass division produces approximately 117,000 tons a year, with one plant hosting one furnace and three production lines. The 105,000m2 site produces flint (approximately 300 tpd) and green (280 tpd) coloured glass destined for domestic consumption and export to nearby Arab countries. The company supplies brands including Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Heinz and Heineken.

MEG also owns 100% shares of three other glass companies in Egypt. The company acquired Wadi Glass in 2014, and in January of this year it completed its takeover of Misr Glass Manufacturing Company (MGM) and MGM’s subsidiary company United Glass Company (UGC).

Wadi Glass has one plant in Sadat City’s industrial zone, with two furnaces (110 ton and 240 ton capacity respectively), with a production of more than 100,000 tons a year. The company’s capacity of 350 tons of flint glass per day is for different sized food and beverage bottles and jars. Wadi Glass caters to the domestic market and exports both regionally and further afield to Europe and the USA. MGM was established in 1970 as the public ElNasr Glass Company and specialised in lightweight bottles and pharmaceutical ampoules. In 2004 MGM purchased the assets of El-Nasr Glass under Egypt’s privatisation programme and invested in glass forming and ampoule manufacturing technology, including three new furnaces to increase existing production capacity.

MGM has one plant in Cairo, with three furnaces and seven production lines. It produces approximately 400 tons of bottles and jars per day (146,000 tpa) in flint, amber and green for the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries. Its production is split 50/50 between domestic sales to the Egyptian market and exports to Arab and Continued>>

www.glass-international.com

Company overview: Middle East Glass

11 Glass International February 2016

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Country focus: Egypt

furnaces and six lines, and a daily production of 300 tons per day, or 1.25 million glass bottles and vials. The plant prides itself on being one of the few manufacturers in the world, and the only one in the Middle East, that produces the entire range of pharmaceutical glass bottles and vials.

The majority of its production is Type 3 glass, with the predominant colour being amber. The plant can produce Type 2 bottles on request, which are sulphur treated to provide a higher chemical durability.

The company also produces bottles and jars for the food and beverage sector, in flint and amber.

APG tends to stick to the domestic market and only exports to nearby Arab and African countries.

National Company for Glass & Crystal

European countries. MGM also offers decoration services and owned subsidiary company United Glass Containers Company, which is now incorporated into Middle East Glass’ portfolio.

Acquired by MGM in 2007 and based in the industrial area of 10th of Ramadan City, UGC was acquired by MGM in 2007, manufactures glass containers and ampoules, and is and based in the industrial area of 10th of Ramadan City.

www.glass-international.com

Kandil Glass Also known as Kama Glass, Kandil Glass is, following the acquisition of Misr Glass by Middle East Glass, the second largest container glass manufacturing company in Egypt. Based in the 10th of Ramadan City and established in 2005, the plant has two furnaces and seven lines – six of these dedicated to the manufacture of bottles and jars for the food and beverage, pharmaceutical, and perfume sectors, and one line for tableware.

All the lines produce various shapes and sizes of bottle from 140ml to 2.5 litres and the company has the ability to produce custom made bottles if required. Total daily output capacity is 380 tons, or 138,700tpa. German furnace company Sorg supplied the plant’s furnace, the production lines were supplied by Bucher Emhart Glass, and the plant’s inspection equipment was supplied by AGR. The company has 120 domestic customers, including global players such as Heinz and Schweppes. It also exports its products to MENA countries such as Jordan, the UAE, Morocco, Sudan, Saudi Arabia and Libya, as well as European countries including Greece and Spain.

z  The cold-end of

The National Company for Glass & Crystal (NCGC) is also based in Egypt’s industrial 10th of Ramadan City. With one plant, one furnace and three production lines, the company produces 170 tons per day of glass for the food and beverage industry.

Established in 1984, NCGC specialises in manufacturing glass containers for soft drinks, juice, ketchup, hot sauce, oil, mineral water & jars.

Products are available in flint and green glass, with capacity ranging from 150ml to 1000ml. r

Middle East Glass’ container glass plant in Cairo. The plant produces around 117,000 tons per year and primarily serves the domestic market.

With special thanks to Dr. A. A. Ahmed, Professor of Glass Science & Technology at the National Research Center in Cairo, for providing the majority of the information concerning Egypt’s container glass manufacturers.

Middle East Glass www.megglass.com Kandil Glass www.kandilglass.com Arab Pharmaceutical Glass www.apgglass.com National Company for Glass and Crystal www.ncgcegypt.com

Arab Pharmaceutical Glass Established in the 1980’s, the Arab Pharmaceutical Glass company (APG) is the largest manufacturer of pharmaceutical glass in the Middle East. The company has one plant (in Suez) with three

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Personality profile: GIMAV Director

OCMI-OTG Olivotto Tecno 5 Bottero

Gimav Director has big plans

Pneumofore Fermac

Glass Service

All Glass

BDF

Antonini

Laura Biason* took over as Director of Italian glass trade association, Gimav, at the beginning of the year. She spoke to Greg Morris about her plans for the role and gave an insight into the Italian glass industry.

Congratulations on your recent appointment. What was it about this role that excites you the most?

www.glass-international.com

Thank you very much. There are many extremely interesting things about this new appointment.

One that I’m particularly excited about is being able to work in a dynamic world market where the characteristics of the made-in-Italy ethos and products are particularly appreciated.

Can you tell us a little bit about your background, such as previous jobs? Is this your first role in the glass industry? If so what have been your impressions of the industry so far?

I’ve dedicated my entire working career to companies, working mainly inside the businessmen’s trade associations.

I have always been involved in company organisation and communication, which are two of my great passions. After my computer engineering degree, a tenure at a company and then at the Turin premises of Confindustria (the main association representing manufacturing companies in Italy), I joined the national Confindustria in 2000 becoming involved in

“I have always been involved in company organisation and communication, which are two of my

”

great passions.

technologies, the development of the association, and support to member associations, and then became IT Manager in 2008. I was appointed the director of Confindustria Messina in 2010.

I became more acquainted with the glass industry a few years ago, when I joined Gimav, working alongside former director Renata Gaffo in her daily activities at the service of member companies.

This important sector of Italian production has areas of excellence that are world-recognised and is a growing segment of the Italian industry, despite its ups and downs during the most difficult years of the recession.

We are an extraordinary part of Italian creativity combined with high technology and innovation.

What will your role entail and what plans do you have for the job?

First, activities that involve promoting Gimav companies: attendance at leading international appointments for the glass industry, maintaining relations with the main institutions in Italy and overseas, and doing more to increase the prestige of the association and visibility of the Italian glass industry.

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Personality profile: GIMAV Director

Preparation

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Forming

Tools,

Glass processing

Glass tubes

Tools,

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accessories for

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Work on Vitrum 2017 is already underway and includes a busy schedule of promotional programmes with numerous activities to further increase the exhibition’s visibility among a wider public.

We will of course continue to work in team with other players in the sector following the guidelines of Vitrum’s president Dino Zandonella Necca and Gimav’s president Cinzia Schiatti.

In the future we will be busy with many projects and make every effort to provide Gimav companies and all businesses taking part in the upcoming sessions of Vitrum with the best business and development opportunities.

 Gimav’s hollow glass members.

What makes the Italian glass industry stand out from its competitors?

As I said before, the Italian glass industry is one of the success stories of the Italian industrial machinery sector. It is an industry with a strong export drive, with about 80% of production by Gimav member companies exported.

Despite the recent worldwide recession it has managed to maintain rising sales figures. Italian machinery, special products and accessories are an instrumental investment: they are high-tech and have the necessary features to be long-lasting over time while offering high performance.

Is there a particular sector within the Italian glass supply industry that is particularly strong at the moment, such as pharmaceutical/container/ flat? Similarly, are there any particular geographical regions where Italian glass is strong?

Official 2015 statistics for the industry are not yet available, but based on market observations, we can provide an overall picture of the situation.

The latest figures in our possession show that exports have increased with strong growth in Europe and Africa.

While the main export markets for flat glass are the NAFTA countries, Europe and Africa, hollow glass companies performed particularly well in Europe (EU and non-EU) and Asia.

“ The Italian glass industry is one of the success stories of the Italian industrial machinery sector

”

Are there any particular talking points within Italian glass industry at the moment, such as innovation in general?

In what way can GIMAV help address these discussions?

R&D into high-tech, efficient solutions is typical of Italian production within the glass industry. Gimav provides its members with the latest information in this area and acts as a catalyst for new developments and know-how.

We have been working with leading players in the glass industry for many years to actively promote scientific research in various glass-related fields.

In order to further drive this and to give more visibility and exposure to the glass industry, we have worked to strengthen international relations with glass associations and the academic world.

In doing so we will try to build more effective synergies and promote more participation with all the players involved.

Another big talking point, and one which we will particularly focus on, is Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and its related benefits, an instrumental factor that makes the industry that Gimav represents extremely competitive in the international marketplace.

Do you have any long-term plans for the Vitrum event?

We are already working on Vitrum 2017, definitely maintaining the same specific features that have attracted large numbers of exhibitors and visitors to the event over the years. We would like to focus on glass processing technologies, starting with machinery, which is the main feature of the event of course. But that’s not all, Vitrum will be even more interesting, and an internationallyrecognised meeting place for the end users of the products on display as well as all the glass trade: experts and buyers, engineers, architects and designers, research centres and universities. We are therefore working actively to give everybody the opportunity to discover Vitrum’s potential, by holding meetings and presentations at the main glass industry appointments and events.

Continued>>

www.glass-international.com

Hollow Glass

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Personality profile: GIMAV Director

GIMAV member companies

machinery and molds. Only one member works with both flat and hollow glass through separate corporate departments. r

The flat glass division comprises 61 members, 46 from the machinery and equipment sector and 15 from the accessories industry.

The hollow glass division comprises 14 companies, 13 of which are manufacturers of

Flat Glass Section

*Director, GIMAV, Milan, Italy, www.gimav.it www.vitrum-milano.com

x Gimav’s flat glass members.

Handling Cutting Edging Drilling Engraving Sandblasting Washing Mirror Insulating Laminated Toughening Software

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Quaranta

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16 Glass International February 2016

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Company profile: E.W. Bowman

‘A constant state of evolution’

z x Above and below: E.W. Bowman’s manufacturing facility and office, in Uniontown, USA.

Can you give a history of the company?

E.W. Bowman is a medium sized, family run organisation that mainly supplies annealing and decorating lehrs to the container glass industry.

The company was founded in 1959 by Edward William Bowman, a combustion engineer. The first lehr the company manufactured was in 1959, which is still in operation today in a small art glass facility in West Virginia.

In 1974 Mr. Bowman passed away, with Mr. James Ulmer, the current owner, taking over the business.

Mr. Ulmer was the President of E.W. Bowman up until 2010 when he stepped down from his position, but still remains very much active in the business. The business is still family-run with Mr. Ulmer’s son in law Richard Standish as President and son William Ulmer as Vice President.

The main office and manufacturing facility are located in Uniontown, around 40 miles south of Pittsburgh. There are also two other sales/service

offices providing local support to global glass manufacturers. E.W. Bowman Europe opened in 2005 and is located in York, UK, and E.W. Bowman South America opened in 2010 and is located in Bogotá, Colombia.

In 1965 E.W. Bowman introduced the first recirculated air lehr, pioneering the lehr as it’s seen today. Prior to this date all lehrs were what we’d call a radiant heat lehr, meaning that it did not have recirculated air, which is provided by the recirculation fan. The lack of this recirculation air meant that the temperature homogeneity was poor and as such annealing losses were high. This design feature introduced by Bowman was the first of several that have helped shape the reliable and productive lehr that we know today.

z Mr. Leaper.

Continued>>

www.glass-international.com

Sally Love spoke with Samuel Leaper* to discuss E.W. Bowman’s history in pioneering the modern lehr and the company’s thoughts on future growth in the US and Mexican markets, at last year’s Glassman Latin America event in Guadalajara, Mexico.

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Company profile: E.W. Bowman

“We’re excited about the estimated growth that’s coming out of [the Mexican] market too which doesn’t seem to be showing any signs of slowing down” How is the company structured, and how many employees does it have?

E.W. Bowman has both salaried staff and unionised shop labour. The salaried staff includes; sales, service, purchasing, engineering, accounts and any administrative support staff. All of our manufacturing personnel are members of the United Steel Workers of America union.

In addition there are the two sales and service offices E.W. Bowman Europe and E.W. Bowman South America.

What sectors of the glass market do you serve?

We manufacture annealing lehrs, decorating lehrs, and mould preheating ovens, for container glass, pharmaceutical, tableware, art glass, and speciality glass.

Do you offer any other services?

www.glass-international.com

E.W. Bowman offers an overall annealing solution, which includes process and annealing training, after sales support, proactive and reactive maintenance of lehrs, and any annealing consultation.

Once or twice annually, we run a complimentary annealing and process lehr maintenance training seminar, which we facilitate in our head office in Uniontown. While the primary goal of this seminar is to provide lehr maintenance, annealing and process training, it also provides our customers with the opportunity to see our manufacturing facility, witness our lehrs being manufactured first hand, and meet all the people involved in the design and manufacture of those lehrs.

Is green technology a particular focus for Bowman?

Bowman shares the worldwide efforts in reducing both our carbon footprint in manufacturing lehrs, as well as offering an efficient solution to our customers.

With that in mind, we work very closely with glass manufacturers to ensure that they’re operating their equipment efficiently, and we’re also supplying equipment with the appropriate green technology to meet today’s green

 An E.W. Bowman annealing lehr, located at an Ardagh plant.

expectations. In addition, we utilise state of the art technology in all our lehrs, to ensure that they are as ‘green’ and efficient as is feasible.

What geographical markets do you primarily serve?

Today, E.W. Bowman has around 1200 lehrs in operation, in 54 countries worldwide. As such, we don’t really have any specific geographical markets, so to speak. However, the biggest market is the U.S. domestic market, closely followed by Mexico.

Over the next five years, will you be focusing your sales on any specific geographic regions?

Our sales will not specifically be focused geographically – first and foremost we want to support our existing customers, meeting their needs and making sure that their requirements are met and they are more than satisfied with E.W. Bowman as a supplier.

We’ll continue to respond to global expansions and rebuilds, as we always have, and this would include both established and growing markets.

We’re excited about the recent expansions and rebuilds - specifically in the U.S. domestic market.

This is a good sign of the improving economic situation in the U.S., which we anticipate will continue.

Where do you think your efforts will be focused in terms of technology?

In recent years, there’s been a focus on lean manufacturing processes, and this is an area that Bowman takes very seriously. Our lehrs are in a constant state of evolution, trying to meet the changing expectations of glass manufacturers so that we can provide a lean product in terms of capital investment and total cost of ownership.

In addition, we consider supplying equipment that is globally compliant extremely important. As such, we make considerable effort to ensure that each and every lehr that leaves our factory meets the most rigid domestic and international codes, regardless of its destination.

Continued>>

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Company profile: E.W. Bowman

What, in your view, are the current industry challenges and opportunities?

We see the current challenge as bringing the food and beverage industry back to glass, and away from PET and aluminium packaging. We believe that as a supplier to glass manufacturers we can do our part by ensuring that our equipment is as efficient and productive as possible in a bid to reduce the overall cost of glass production.

Specifically for Bowman, we see the industry focused on lean manufacturing and minimal technical solution, so we have the goal and opportunity to maintain efficiencies and quality at a lower overall cost.

How important is the Mexican market to you?

It’s hugely important to us. As I already mentioned, it’s our second biggest market behind the U.S. domestic market. We have over 130 annealing and decorating lehrs in the Mexican glass market, and we’re excited about the estimated growth that’s coming out of this market too – which doesn’t seem to be showing any signs of slowing down.

Do you have any comments on O-I’s recent takeover of Vitro’s F&B business?

O-I is our biggest global customer. We work very closely with them around the world, so while we have supplied equipment to both Vitro and O-I in the past we’re very excited about this take over and the possibilities that the coming years may bring in this market. r

With O-I’s partnership with Constellation they already had a foot in the Mexican market, but with this acquisition they now have an extremely strong position in this expanding market.

*International Sales Manager, E.W. Bowman, USA www.ewbowman.com

 Another example of Bowman equipment,

www.glass-international.com

installed at an Ardagh plant.

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Glass recycling

Strengthening recycling in the USA Lynn Bragg* discusses how the US glass container industry has partnered with the glass recycling supply chain in an effort to, ultimately, boost the commodity value of glass.

www.glass-international.com

T

he glass container manufacturing industry has consistent and strong demand for recycled glass at its 45 glass plants across the US. In 2015, glass manufacturers purchased 2.4 million tons of recycled glass for remelting into new containers. The fibreglass industry, also a large market for recovered glass, purchased around 750,000 tons. So, glass recycling remains a priority.

The purchase of recycled glass is reflected in the average recycled content of bottles and jars nationwide, which has increased since 2008 from 26% to roughly 33% for 2015. At some plants it reaches as high as 96%. When glass container plants use recycled glass, they experience energy reductions of about 2-3%, for every 10% remelted, as well as associated greenhouse gas emissions of approximately 6-8% for every 10% remelted.

While recycled glass provides a high value for manufacturers, it also helps communities and states reach their sustainability and recycling goals. On average and by weight, glass constitutes about 25% of local recycling programmes.

By continuing to recycle glass, communities move closer to meeting their recycling goals, reducing landfill ‘tipping’ or disposal fees, and cutting energy and carbon emissions. Cities and counties also want to continue to provide glass recycling as an option for their residents, who expect glass containers to be included in local programmes.

Food and beverage companies that use glass containers also have broadbased sustainability goals in place and packaging made from recycled materials remains a priority. GPI and its member companies are engaged with brands in key ‘beverage customer’ sectors to work together on behalf of strong recycled glass programmes that will best help them position their products and meet company environmental goals.

Challenges and opportunities While there is market demand and a strong desire to recycle glass containers, the US recycling industry faces a perfect storm of forces impacting the economics and quality of material recovered for recycling. These include plummeting oil prices, increased volume of material in curbside single-stream collection programmes, higher processing costs, increased contamination and lower market prices for most recycled materials.

The result is that municipalities receive less money from revenue sharing agreements for the sale of all recyclables (paper, plastic, metals), and, in many instances, have to pay for their recycling programmes out of already squeezed local budgets. Recycled glass is typically not a high value recyclable in terms of commodities, but the prices paid

continue to remain consistent.

While glass collected through container deposit programmes constitutes 6580% of all recycled glass remelted to manufacture new containers, staying in single-stream (one-bin) collection programmes is a top priority for the glass industry. Removing glass from these programmes causes consumer confusion and is against their expectation that 100% recyclable glass can and should be recycled.

Some communities have created hybrid programmes, collecting glass separately from other recyclables where it makes sense from a geographic perspective.

Several companies have recognised the industry’s desire for high-quality sorted recycled glass and developed models that Continued>>

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Glass recycling

40% 35% 30% 25%

28.56%

29.77%

2009

2010

31.42%

31.95%

2011

2012

33.64%

33.89%

2013

2014

25%

20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2008

z Glass container industry average cullet use (Dec 2008 - Dec 2014) place a focus on clean collection and processing.

Ripple Glass, in Kansas City, MO, Clear Intentions in Denver, CO, and Momentum Recycling in Salt Lake City, UT, only recycle glass containers and typically collect them through some type of drop-off collection system.

They also take glass bottles for recycling directly from high-volume sources such as bars and restaurants. Across the board, they cite much lower contamination rates for the glass collected and have emerged as key suppliers to the glass container and other manufacturing-based end markets.

www.glass-international.com

Partnership In late 2014 the glass container manufacturing industry began to collaborate more closely with the glass recycling supply chain, opening a dialogue with waste haulers, operators of materials recovery facilities (MRFs), glass recyclers and consultants to address opportunities and concerns with community glass recycling.

This has resulted in an effort to develop a recycled glass specification (spec) for glass exiting the MRF for delivery to the glass processors who prepare it for market.

Other commodities have such a spec in place, which assists with expectations for recyclables received, as well as prices paid for material exiting the MRF. The Glass Packaging Institute (GPI) and its member companies have also examined MRF operations to determine the processes and equipment that provide the best opportunity for recycled glass to be recovered. In general, the sooner recycled glass is removed from the conveyor belts and sorting equipment, the better the chance for it to be resold to

z Some recyclers in the USA only recycle glass containers.

a glass recycler and end up as part of new glass bottle, jar, or fibre glass insulation.

Improved sorting processes at the MRFs provide the potential to boost the commodity value of glass, changing it from tri-mix to recycled glass. While prices paid for recycled glass have remained consistent across the country for all colours, the price for tri-mix is often a negative value because of its high level of contamination.

Tri-mix consists of recycled glass, recyclable residuals and solid waste.

Recycled glass, on the other hand, is a mix of brown, amber and green glass, with limited solid waste and other recyclables.

The GPI is also looking at target communities to improve glass recycling and recovery. Following a site visit and determinations about best next steps, GPI will provide resources to two MRFs in North Carolina to assist them in moving and purchasing equipment to better recover the recycled glass that moves through their facilities.

North Carolina is home to three glass container plants, as well as two in nearby Virginia, ensuring a strong and continued market for the recycled glass.

In 2016 GPI and its member companies will also contact municipal solid waste officials, recycling companies, haulers and MRF operators through state, regional and national conferences in 2016. Participation on recycling markets panels across the US will help to inform and further collaborate with stakeholders on industry efforts to improve the stream of recycled glass.

To further support municipalities and others who recycle glass, the GPI has developed the Glass Resource Locator.

This interactive map provides locations of facilities that process glass, as well as key end markets, including glass container and fibreglass facilities.

To use the locator, visitors type in their address, and find highway routes to and from their facilities to the glass processors, as well as the distance between the manufacturing end points.

Additionally, companies involved in the recycled glass stakeholder chain are also searchable through easy-to-follow Excel spreadsheets.

The glass container industry will continue to work on initiatives in 2016 to stabilise, improve and expand the supply of recycled glass.

The desire expressed by consumers to recycle glass, the contributions to energy and emissions reductions when glass is recycled and the strong demand for quality recycled glass by both the container and fibre glass industries will drive these efforts. r

*President, Glass Packaging Institute, Arlington, USA http://www.gpi.org The GPI Glass Resource Locator is at www.gpi.org/glass-resource-locator

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Conveying glass around the world for over 30 years

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Glass recycling

Achieving the UK’s new Circular Economy glass recycling targets The European Commission has recently published revised legislation that will pave the way for a real EU Circular Economy. Here, Friends of Glass considers its importance and implications for the future of the UK glass industry and how glass packaging can achieve the new targets.

CONTAINER GLASS - YEAR 2013

COLLECTION FOR RECYCLING RATES IN EUROPE

AVERAGE RATES: EU28: 73% EUROPE (including Norway, Switzerland, Turkey): 71% >80% 60-80% 50-60% 35-50% >35%

www.glass-international.com

No available

 Fig 1. Infograph showing the average glass recycling rate for each EU member country, 2013.

* Industry estimates based on the most recent available data provided by national contact points

“The UK’s glass recycling rate currently stands at 68%, one of the lowest in Western Europe compared to countries such as France (73%), Germany (88%) and Denmark (98%).”

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Glass recycling

Improving rates in the UK We have been recycling glass for decades, but ‘organised’ glass recycling through bottle banks began in the UK in the mid 1970s. Over the past 40 years, separate collections for glass have created a huge incentive for consumers to be part of the circular economy. Bottle banks are a natural way for many consumers to dispose of their bottles, however they are in decline. It has been shown that where they are present, recycling rates and quality of material are higher.

Local authorities have also played a role in the development of sustainable systems – the introduction of kerbside waste collection systems have helped to encourage organisations and consumers to recycle more. The UK’s glass recycling rate currently stands at 68%, one of the lowest in Western Europe compared to countries such as France (73%), Germany (88%) and Denmark (98%) (Fig. 1).

How can we drive recycling of glass further forward? One of the important

aspects of reaching the EU goals set out in the new legislation is the initiation and implementation of quality recycling systems that really work.

These need to be readily available from all local authorities and they need to suit the needs of their residents.

As well as providing organisations and consumers with facilities such as recycling centres, bottle banks and at home collections, it is vital that the message of putting clean material that has been separated correctly back into the system is strongly communicated.

Recycling sites (‘bring back centres’) that are regularly emptied, show clearly defined areas for different materials, and which are serviced with additional resources at busy times such as Christmas and Bank holidays will help to increase the collection of re-usable materials.

Enabling and improving closed loop systems is key. In Europe, the glass packaging closed loop value chain has created local businesses and jobs that help to recover more than 70% of all postconsumer glass packaging.

This is obviously not only good news for the environment, but fantastic for the economy too.

Although consumers are now recycling more glass, much still needs to be done to exploit the potential of glass bottles and jars that are not put back into the closed loop. The glass industry – together with all the players along the value chain – would like to optimise a closed loop system. In addition, countries with lower recycling levels need higher investment in infrastructure to raise volumes.

It is also essential that the recycled glass be of the highest quality, so glass manufacturers can use more of this and less virgin raw material.

Friends of Glass is committed to communicating with consumers about the importance of recycling for the environment as well as providing inspiring and easy ways to recycle glass.

The organisation undertakes a number of initiatives throughout the year to help achieve this. Recently, it ran a campaign to communicate the ‘Three R’s (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) during European Week For Waste Recycling.

One of the most important things is to not only highlight the three R’s, but to show consumers how they can achieve them and in doing so, how they actively become part of the Circular Economy. 

Friends of Glass, www.friendsofglass.com

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Continued>>

www.glass-international.com

T

he new proposal from the European Commission includes the revision of the packaging and waste legislation and sets recycling targets for glass packaging. These goals apply to public authorities, industry, value chain partners and consumers. The proposal uses incentives and obligations to drive progress in waste collection schemes and infrastructure, to achieve these targets.

European objectives state that all member countries should achieve a container glass recycling rate of 75% by 2025 and 85% by 2030. At present, an average of 73% of glass packaging is collected across Europe. While at first glance this does not appears to be a great increase on what is already being achieved, it does mean that countries with a weaker performance will need to make significant investments if targets are to be met successfully.

Glass is an ideal material in a circular economy – not only because of its inherent recyclable properties, but also because of how these properties have been used and optimised by the glass industry. Glass is 100% recyclable and can be recycled endlessly without any deterioration of quality. Its life doesn’t end once it has been consumed.

By using 100kg of cullet, glass manufacturers are able to replace 120kg of virgin raw material and every tonne of recycled glass that goes into the furnace represents a saving of 0.67 tons of CO2.

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Glass recycling

Zippe installs cullet plant at Wiegand Glas

z Fig 1. A cullet plant for Wiegand Glass in Steinbach, Germany was built and put into operation on schedule in September last year by Zippe.

Heiko Brand* explains the process behind the successful installation of a Zippe cullet plant at Wiegand Glas, Germany.

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W

iegand Glas is one of the largest container glass producers in Germany, with three container glass plants. At its main factory in Steinbach am Wald, Zippe gained the order for a new cullet plant on a turnkey basis at the beginning of 2014, which was completed on schedule in 2015 (Fig. 1).

Zippe’s core business for almost 100 years has been the development and construction of batch and cullet systems.

The company’s spectrum covers all service ranges within plant construction such as engineering, planning, design, production, automation technology, installation, site management for all disciplines, commissioning, training for personnel and service for ongoing operation.

Processing the cullet The function of this cullet plant is the crushing and storage of factory cullet and special glass, as well as its continuous addition to the melting process. The cullet is crushed to the required grain size by means of robust hammer crushers

î ş Fig 2. The transport to the glass factory, as well as the lifting work of the belt bridges, was carried out at the weekend.

and transported by a mechanical cullet transport system to nine different steel silos where it is stored.

Due to the high volume of cullet delivered, special care was taken to ensure a low-wear execution of the conveying system. The cullet silos are protected from

abrasion by means of special wear rings in the silo cones. Furthermore the silos are weighed by load cells, which guarantees a precise balancing of the cullet stock.

Continued>>

28 Glass International February 2016

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Glass recycling

Contrary to most other container glass producers, Wiegand Glas’ Steinbach site processes foreign cullet using its own inhouse recycling plant. Using the new Zippe plant, this cullet is fed continuously into the cullet transport system in a ‘sandwich’ technique, and is correspondingly supplied to the four melting furnaces.

The addition of the stored cullet into the corresponding furnaces takes place by means of 17 dosing conveyors. With this configuration a maximum flexibility regarding cullet addition is granted. This way, grain mixtures of various colours can be handled.

Extremely slow conveying speeds are possible as the conveyor belts and belt weighers are spaciously dimensioned. This in turn reduces wear at the conveying technology as well as dust generation. Occurring residual dusts are collected by pocket filters and supplied to the process again. It means that operating staff do not have additional work regarding the handling and disposal of dust.

In Steinbach, all four melting furnaces are fed from the new cullet plant.

The furnaces were connected to the new system in September and have worked without problems. The cullet plant’s integrated control system is multi-functional for the complete process control system, which was sourced from the company ABB. The execution of the process control system was discussed and coordinated in close contact with the plant operators, as the electrical control had to be similar to the factory’s existing control systems.

The control system for the cullet transport has a hardwareinterrupted emergency button and therefore even if the PLC breaks down, all furnaces can be fed with cullet. The manualoperating mode facilitates maintenance and servicing work.

A turnkey project Zippe executed the order on a turnkey basis. The scope of delivery comprised the complete steel work, construction, tubing, cabling as well as the commissioning of the plant.

The steel work for this construction project in particular was a great challenge, as the glass production from the four melting furnaces was not to be impaired. The cullet transport’s belt bridges were pre-mounted outside the works due to confined space conditions. The transport to the glass factory as well as the lifting work of the belt bridges was carried out at the weekend (Fig. 2), thus these major activities did not interfere with the operational sequences of the glass plant and the production could run without restrictions.

An additional challenge was that various existing buildings, particularly in the cullet transport area, had to be integrated and adapted to the plant concept, but, this was also managed without any problems. The steelwork was completed in a hotdip galvanized coating to protect it against the weather for decades to come.

The plant was put into operation, on schedule, in the middle of September 2015. Zippe reports that production has been running trouble-free from the start, the good quality of the cullet has had a positive effect on the quality of the bottles produced and that Wiegand Glas is very satisfied with the performance of the new plant. r

*Project Manager, Zippe Industrieanlagen, Wertheim, Germany www.zippe.de Glass International February 2016

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Glass recycling

The problem with co-mingling Lee Glover* discusses the problems faced by recycled glass processors due to the increasingly common practice of co-mingled recycling collection.

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ver the past 16 years, there have been many challenges to overcome in glass recycling. Our first processing facility was designed to process bottle bank glass into cullet removing ceramics, stones and porcelain (CSP) with the use of laser detection and metals with detection coils and magnets.

As mixed colour glass collections became more common, basic camerabased sorting systems were used to remove small quantities of other coloured cullets from a cullet stream. Again, the market changed and more material was collected as mixed colours from kerbside collection schemes. This switch in collection methods resulted in excess volumes of mixed cullet, which at that time could only be used to produce green glass bottles and jars, this was often exported to other countries.

The next phase of cullet processing took place with the installation of a full colour separation plant. The process includes drying the glass, screening it to remove the fine glass particles and processing it with high definition camera-based sorting equipment. This equipment separates each piece of glass based on colour as well as removing CSP, metal, heat resistant and lead glass from the cullet stream. The equipment is equipped with 2mm air jets and ejects the unwanted contaminant

particles from the cullet stream.

It separates the glass into int, green and amber, producing ~200k tonnes of furnace-ready cullet each year.

Every process has losses. To separate contamination from mixed coloured cullet those losses are ~18% of every ton collected. This is due to the removal of contamination critical to the glass manufacturing industry such as CSP, metal, heat resistant, lead glass and the removal of fine glass particles. Although the fine glass particles are used for secondary applications such as aggregate fillers, the key focus is to achieve the highest possible yield of furnace-ready cullet for re-melt.

At present, it is not possible to process fine glass particles efficiently, as the available technology cannot separate contamination or colour at this size.

However, advances in glass sorting equipment have moved rapidly and within the next few years some of this material may be processed and diverted back into re-melt.

Critical contamination Removing critical contamination incurs the loss of good glass within the process.

The loss is generated in two ways: firstly, when ejecting contamination at high speed some glass particles are accidentally

removed with the contaminants; and secondly, when the system ejects organic materials such as paper some glass particles are lost.

The accidental losses are related to the level of non-glass material mixed with the glass – as these materials increase so does the glass loss from the sorting equipment.

The consequence of this increase is a reduction in saleable cullet for re-melt and increased glass lost to secondary markets such as aggregates.

Co-mingled increase The change in collection methods has seen the increase of co-mingled collections where glass, paper, plastic and metals are collected together then separated in a materials recycling facility.

The glass derived from this process has much higher levels of non-glass present.

Where kerbside and bottle bank collection methods yield ~98% glass content, glass derived from comingled materials yields only ~75% glass (Figs. 1 & 2).

The knock-on effect to the glass recycling process is reduced production yields, efficiency and production rates, all limiting the quantity of infinitely recyclable glass available for re-melt into new bottles and jars. The majority of Continued>>

30 Glass International February 2016

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Glass recycling

No of filler breakages per 100k

No of filler breakages in 100k 250 200 150 100 50 0

2000

2005

2010

2015

Date

z Table 1 Glass manufacturers have led the drive for improved cullet over the

z Berryman trucks ready for use in the glass recycling industry.

past 15 years.

z Fig 1. Glass from kerbside and bottle bank collection methods can yield more than a 98% glass content.

z Fig 2. Co-mingled collections can yield only a 75% glass content.

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this non-glass material is shredded paper and plastic, both of which are difficult to remove from glass. Even when using the latest sorting technology, their removal causes further processing issues and additional glass loss.

The extra handling and processing steps required within a mixed recycling facility (MRF) cause the glass to break into smaller and finer particles, which are used for secondary, lower grade markets due to the high concentration of paper and organic matter which glass manufacturers cannot tolerate.

Landfill Not only are large quantities of glass lost to aggregate and landfill due to co-mingled collections, but so too are the other recyclable materials that are mixed with it.

These other materials cannot be tolerated by the glass industry so must be removed from the glass by cullet processors, but once removed they are unsuitable for use within their intended industry. With no use in industry, these materials are either

sent to landfill or, where possible, used in energy from waste. Both the paper and plastics industry experience problems with their recycled materials due to glass contamination, as do glass recyclers receiving 25% paper and plastic in glass from MRF’s and comingled material.

While the quality of collected glass drops due to non-glass contamination from other materials, recyclable and nonrecyclable, the same stringent quality protocols apply to processed cullet regardless of its source.

Over the past 15 years, the requirement for higher quality cullet has been driven by glass manufacturers and bottle fillers to reduce process rejects, operational costs, line breakages, product recalls and risk to consumers.

This drive has seen the quality of cullet improve and the number of breakages by bottle fillers reduce (Table 1).

The available technology for glass sorting has enabled this quality improvement despite the decreased quality of collected glass, but at the cost

of lower yields.

As the volume of comingled material increases and more recyclables are processed at MRF’s, the more glass will be mixed with this. While the collected volumes will increase, the fact is that kg for kg, compared to separate collections, less of each recyclable material will be reused within its intended industry and more material will be used for RDF, landfill and aggregate.

If glass was collected separately from the other recyclables, the quantity of recycled glass, paper and plastics available would increase, and processing losses from recycling each material to achieve customer demands would reduce.

This would result in lower waste costs, improved efficiency and reduced landfill. r

*Quality Manager, United Resource Management (UK), Berryman, West Yorks, UK www.berrymanglassrecycling.com

32 Glass International February 2016

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10/02/2016 11:02

Glass recycling

Glass in Europe: Being green in 2016 Fiacre O’Donnell* discusses the role of container glass manufacturers in the fight against climate change.

A

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s we move further into 2016, sustainability stands at the forefront of the agenda for businesses, industries and Governments around the world. Following the recent COP 21 climate summit in Paris and the release of the European Commission’s Circular Economy (CE) Package in December, this is particularly true across Europe.

At COP21, the largest ever singleday gathering of heads of state, world leaders reached a landmark agreement that will help limit mankind’s impact on the environment. In a similar fashion, the much-anticipated CE Package encouraged European industries to follow the path of resource efficiency by setting some ambitious recycling targets.

Many manufacturers around Europe are already heeding these calls for greater levels of environmental responsibility, employing new techniques and strategies that bolster their green credentials and help ‘close the loop’ in the region’s circular economy.

By 2050, the EU hopes to cut emissions by up to 95% compared with 1990 levels, transforming it into an energy efficient and low-carbon economy. So what is the role of the container glass manufacturer in Europe’s fight against climate change?

The importance of glass in Europe Europe houses the largest container glass sector in the world, with industries in all countries recording positive growth in 2014. According to the latest statistics from the European Glass Container Foundation (FEVE), more than 22 million tonnes of container glass is created every year, accounting for around 60% of all glass production in the region.

With such a vast amount of eco-friendly packaging being produced daily, the growing sector is a major player in Europe’s journey towards a circular economy.

One of the chief benefits of glass is that it is a permanent and endlessly recyclable material. Every glass bottle created can be broken down an infinite number of times and placed back in the supply chain to be used over and over again, without losing any of its quality.

Although having a closed loop recycling system is an important facet in the sector’s fight for a greener future, there is always room for improvement. Instead of resting on their laurels, European manufacturers should be taking steps to neutralise their impact on the environment in any way they can.

Encirc’s mission As one of Europe’s largest glass bottle and container manufacturers, Encirc has always appreciated the important role the glass sector plays in the fight against climate change, which is why we live and breathe sustainability.

This was reaffirmed at the latest Manufacturer MX awards where we were named ‘Sustainable Manufacturer of the Year’.

There are many ways in which we’re already playing an active part to minimise our carbon footprint. In 2014, we launched Trees for Me, which saw 1500 trees planted at our Cheshire site and helped offset the carbon produced by our processes.

By embarking on initiatives such as this, European manufacturers can not only increase their own levels of sustainability, but they can raise awareness and generate interest of these issues throughout their supply chains.

Supply chain sustainability Ultimately, a product is only as environmentally friendly as the supply chain it is a part of. Manufacturers should look to increase levels of sustainability at every stage of the route-to-market.

Not only will this help them stay on top of environmental responsibilities, it allows service to be more cost effective and efficient, and ensures supply chain partners hold the same values.

When sourcing raw materials, for example, securing long-term contracts in advance can prevent costly delays and reduce waste from the outset of the manufacturing cycle.

During the shipping process, moving items in bulk also provides a number of benefits. With wine, for instance, a standard tanker will hold between 12,000 and 13,000 standard 75cl bottles of wine. If the liquid is packed in bulk, the same size tanker will hold the equivalent of 32,000 bottles. This allows carbon emissions to be cut by up to 137g per bottle and halved our associated shipping costs.

In addition to increasing levels of sustainability within their supply chains, European manufacturers can also bolster their environmental credentials by innovating to meet the individual demands of their businesses.

For Encirc, our approach sees our full-service manufacturing, bottling, warehousing and logistics services operate from one purpose-built site, considerably increasing our operational efficiency and reducing our carbon footprint.

The sand and other raw materials we use are transported to Ellesmere Port by rail, rather than road, reducing the number of Continued>>

34 Glass International February 2016

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Encirc cuts its energy consumption by using quad gob, 12 section production for smaller bottles giving 48 bottles per cycle.

ANNEALING LEHRS

HOT-END COATING Carbon emissions are cut by up to 137g per bottle if bulk packaging is used.

HGV journeys, while a rail head at our Elton site is in the final stages of construction. When operational, this will reduce our annual mileage by more than one million kilometres, cutting associated emissions and a reliance on road vehicles.

During manufacturing, our closed-loop recycling system ensures any glass containers we produce which don’t meet specification are returned straight to the furnace and put back into our supply chain. Our ability to use quad gob, 12 section production for smaller bottles (giving 48 bottles per cycle) and triple gob 12 section for food and wine containers means we’re cutting down on energy consumption at the same time as increasing our manufacturing capability.

When servicing our customers, we consolidate our deliveries into fewer loads and modify our warehouse to hold larger pallets. This allows us to reduce our use of plastic packaging by 146,000 kg.

COLD-END COATING

A cleaner, greener future It’s encouraging to see world leaders, governments and industries work together for a greener future in Europe and we welcome the European Commission’s introduction of the new Circular Economy Package.

The creation of a sustainable society is something that requires every business and industry to play their part. It is now the role of glass manufacturers in Europe to incorporate more eco-friendly and innovative processes into their businesses, so they can further lead the way into a truly circular economy.

*Head of Strategic Development, Encirc Glass, Elton, UK www.encirc360.com.

Glass International February 2016

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Glass recycling

Glass an integral part of the EU circular economy package Baudouin Ska* outlines the latest regulations regarding glass recycling and discusses how the material is an integral part of the EU Circular Economy package.

www.glass-international.com

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n the 11th of December 2012, the European Commission published the Regulation (EU) No 1179/2012 of 10 December 2012 which established criteria determining when glass cullet ceases to be waste under Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.

It was the so-called EOW glass regulation that became applicable six months later.

The End of Waste story started in 2008 when the Commission published the revised Directive on Waste, the socalled Waste Framework Directive. In this directive, a general framework was foreseen to define when waste ceases to be waste and reintegrates the circuit of products. Specific criteria had to be defined in separate legal documents.

Initiatives of the Commission for specific waste streams were based on preliminary studies of the Joint Research Centre in Sevilla. Until now, only three regulations have been published, among which two regulations were on metals (the first on iron, steel and aluminium scrap and the second on copper scrap). The third EOW regulation covers glass cullet.

From the beginning, the Commission has encountered difficulties during the approval procedure. A draft EOW regulation on paper was even blocked

in 2014 by a special initiative of the Parliament. Since then, no new EOW regulation has been published.

The regulation on glass is the only one that has been adopted without any difficulty or delay. The reason of this model path is that glass recyclers (FERVER)

FERVER support Members of FERVER started with a specific quality assessment in order to comply with the EOW regulation. Three years later more than 80% of FERVER’s members are certified to a dedicated quality system in accordance with the regulation. More than 90% of the recycled glass is sold as a product to the glass producers. From the remaining percentage, less than 3% is recycled in non-remelting processes.

Thanks to their efforts, raw materials are saved and CO2-emissions are dramatically reduced. It roughly corresponds to the emissions of 20% of the new cars registered each year in Europe.

Circular economy package

and producers (FEVE) combined their efforts and aligned their points of view in order to propose clear rules and criteria to the Commission. FERVER, supported by the European federation of waste management and environmental services (FEAD), played a leading role in the final redaction of the regulation.

The new circular economy package (the legal part of it) published in December 2015 brings changes to the recycling world. The text proposed by the Commission is likely to be amended by the Parliament and the Council. Nobody knows at which level the final text will land. But let’s investigate the proposal that is on the table.

First of all, the End of Waste initiative is moved from the Commission to the countries, which are no longer obliged to Continued>>

36 Glass International February 2016

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Glass recycling

set quantitative criteria on end of waste.

According to FERVER, this leaves the door open to a mosaic of rules throughout Europe.

Secondly, the Commission has proposed higher recycling percentages of glass packaging for the future: 75% by the end of 2025 and 85% by the end of 2030.

The reference point to calculate the recycling percentage has also been, with the introduction of a new concept, the final recycling process: ‘means the recycling process which begins when no further mechanical sorting operation is needed and waste materials enter a production process and are effectively

reprocessed into products, materials or substances.’

There are discussions, in the recycling sector, on the actual identity of such ’final recycling process’: is it the last recycling plant producing such ‘stream’ or the first production plant using it?

With the existing EOW regulation on glass, and its large application by the FERVER members (more than 90%), there is no doubt about the interpretation and the performances of the glass recycling sector: the EOW glass status is set for all the European member states, with the same criteria all over Europe. The EOW glass cullet produced by FERVER members

Online Auction Sale Glass Facility used in the Manufacture of Glass Sinks, Worktops and Bespoke Architectural Products, Italy

is officially recognised as recycled in the new proposal, and automatically considered as effectively recycled.

Another point of concern for FERVER is the fact that the backfilling enters into account in the calculation of the recycling percentages for construction and demolition waste. It may be logical for stones and concrete, but it isn’t for glass. The Commission does not give any incentive for the selective deconstruction of building, nor for the high level recycling of the construction glass.

Challenges FERVER will further promote the selective collection of glass, as it offers the best guarantee of quality and appropriate high volumes of EOW glass to maintain glass in the circular economy.

Bidding Ends: Wednesday 2nd March 2016 at 3.00pm (UK Time) Viewing by Appointment only with the Auctioneer

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FERVER will argue for mandatory rules and objectives in the construction and demolition waste sector, as it is the case for packaging, with the good results explained above.

It will also support its members in the countries where huge efforts are expected in order to meet the new targets. FERVER welcomes more and more new members from these countries. They share experience with advanced installations, and get support from FERVER in their relations with local authorities and take back schemes. r

Please Contact Our Office for Further Information: Cottrill & Co, 401—407 Tyburn Road, Erdington, Birmingham, B24 8HJ

▪ Tel: + 44 (0) 121 328 2424 ▪ Fax: + 44 (0) 121 327 9550 ▪ ▪ Email: info@cottandco.com ▪ Website: www.cottandco.com ▪ Cottrill & Co is a Trade Name of Cottrill & Associates Ltd

*Secretary General, FERVER, Brussels, Belgium www.ferver.eu

38 Glass International February 2016

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History

Prof. John Parker Turner Museum of Glass and ICG

A tale of endurance particularly rich and its compositionproperty relationships complex. An ICG Technical Committee, TC03, currently has a major study on this.

Single glass lenses suffer from a natural variation of refractive index (bending power) with wavelength, so each colour has its own focal point. Two centuries ago Fraunhofer realised that combining two different glasses could eliminate this.

In 1881 Schott identified borate glasses as perfect for an achromatic doublet, significantly enhancing the image quality potential of cameras and telescopes1.

These compositions also have low TECs, useful for devices that require dimensional stability, unaffected by temperature. Significantly, this also confers thermal shock resistance, important for laboratory-ware and chemical plants.

At the beginning of WWI, Corning developed a similar glass, initially for railway signals which were too easily extinguished because of their sensitivity to thermal shock, originating from a hot lamp and cold atmosphere. Having found a solution they sought other applications.

One research worker, Littleton, supplied his wife with experimental samples for cooking and they proved an immediate hit. Thermal shock resistance was increased by a factor of three to over 150°C and meant oven-to-tableware products could be produced. Initial trials also showed that the product gave an even bake, with reduced adhesion and faster baking times.

An expert in home economics was consulted. Suggested ergonomic changes were to make smaller bowls so two would fit into an oven and the addition of handles to keep thumbs away from batter. Recipes were created and sales grew tenfold. The introduction of machine production in the 1930s halved the price, making the products accessible to mass markets.

This glass, Pyrex, was first made commercially a century ago in 1915.

The Corning Museum of Glass has an exhibition celebrating Pyrex until March 2016, although Corning no longer manufactures it. Brumagen, Davies and Nace2 give a detailed account of its development.

The expiry of the Pyrex patents has allowed glass artists to use this glass, giving them added flexibility. Now stresses linked to temperature differences are less likely to cause failure during the creation of complex pieces.

Another aspect of boron is its effect on chemical durability. Borosilicate glasses have excellent resistance to water and acids and are comparatively easily melted, unlike silica. Consequently many pottery glazes have extensive boron concentrations that confer excellent stability, for example in washing machines, while allowing firing of the glaze at a moderate temperature.

This is also why glass fibres contain significant boron concentrations. Socalled E glass fibres have low alkali contents but high B2O3 levels. Fibres have a large surface area for a small quantity of glass, so chemical durability is particularly important both in terms of long-term stability and maintaining strength, but also more subtly for electrical resistance.

The designation ‘E’ is related to electrical behaviour. Unsurprisingly, half of the global consumption of boron compounds is in boron-containing fibreglass used for insulation, structural materials and reinforcing fibres. r

Bibliography 1)

R W. Douglas and S. Frank. A history of

Glass-making. Foulis, 1972 2)

Regan Brumagen, Emily Davies and Aprille

Nace, A century of Pyrex. Glass Circle News, 38(3) 12-15.

*Curator of the Turner Museum of Glass, Sheffield University, UK www.turnermuseum.group.shef.ac.uk j.m.parker@sheffield.ac.uk

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B

oron compounds occur naturally and have been used for millennia.

For example borax, Na2B4O7.10H2O, from dried lake beds in Tibet was traded along the Silk Road.

More recently rasorite (aka kernite) Na2B4O6(OH)2.3H2O and colemanite CaB3O4(OH)3.H2O have been identified and traded as B2O3 sources. Being water soluble, concentrated deposits are produced by the evaporation of, for example, volcanic spring waters or lakes.

These compounds have uses in glassmaking as well as cosmetics and detergents. Boron itself is essential to the human diet, and deficiencies are linked to osteoporosis. The name borax derives from an Arabic term meaning ‘white’, which comes in turn from a Persian word, possibly related to its mineral sources.

Boron is a corruption of borax and carbon, an element it resembles and it was first isolated in 1808.

Early interest in these compounds by glassmakers was as a flux in melting.

Douglas and Frank report that borax was highly valued as a powerful flux but, as it had to be imported at high cost from the East Indies into the UK, it was only used in high quality products such as plate glass1. Little has changed. The water of crystallisation (and alkali content) limits the concentration of the active ingredient (B2O3) in already expensive raw materials, and needs energy for evaporation during melting, adding to its cost.

Adding B2O3 to silicate glasses steepens their temperature-viscosity curve, lowering the high temperature but not the low temperature viscosity i.e. it gives a ‘short’, fast setting glass.

However, unlike alkali fluxes it also reduces the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), decreases refractive index and enhances chemical durability.

These differences arise from its role in the glass structure. It behaves like silicon in forming part of the structural network, but its smaller size makes its chemistry

39 Glass International February 2016

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Country profile: Russia

Russia’s container glass industry b The situation in the Russian container glass industry further deteriorated in 2015, with no signs of improvement in 2016. The current situation looks bleak, but new environmental laws and the forthcoming football World Cup should aid the rise of the Russian container market from 2018, reports Ekran’s CEO, Pavel Bobosik.

O

vercapacity, which had built up as a result of greenfield investments in the 2002-2010 period, created a 50% overhang of supply over demand. The overhang continued after 2010 in spite of the closures of several glass container factories (Fig.1). The reason was the reduced demand for glass-bottled beer and vodka due to increased regulation of the alcoholic beverage market, and the economic crisis.

The Russian container glass industry was hit by a decline in demand, which continued in 2015, and the unbearable economic situation facing all existing factories in the industry. The natural consequence of overcapacity was reduced prices per bottle, despite increased production costs.

when the price per bottle was 3.40-3.60 RBL. Not only have average prices for energy almost tripled in this period, the price for soda ash has more than doubled, while the cost of packaging materials has

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The problems If in 2006-2008 the average achievable price per 0.5l beer bottle was 6.20-6.80 Ruble (RBL) per bottle (US$0.098) in some regions. But the same bottle in 2015 was sold for 3.40-3.60 ($0.052) in the same region. The same bottle in Europe is purchased by the same global customers as those operating in Russia for about 7 RBL under the current exchange rate, although production costs for beer bottles are similar to European production costs.

Fierce competition has put the sales price per standard bottle at a level below full production costs. Many glass factories are operating with zero EBITDA or low EBITDA. Those factories that have positive EBIDTA use it to serve old debt. All amortisation is mostly eaten-up by servicing banking and non-banking debts. Little money has been invested into the modernisation of aging equipment or glass melting furnaces.

The crisis in the banking sector has slowed any solution as domestic Russian banks are missing reserves for the write-off of bad debt at bankrupt glass projects. So the existence of those bankrupt companies has been extended without any chance for an increase in the market price for bottles at an economically sustainable level.

In the 2008 period, when the price peaked at 6.20-6.80 RBL per standard beer bottle, the price of energy was a third of the price that it was in 2015,

“The football World Cup in 2018 will relax some of the strict rules limiting beer

”

sales

increased by almost 50%. Many other materials have increased in price in a similar way, while the price for bottles has dropped.

Demand for glass containers has continued to free-fall, despite the price decline. Statistics show the market for glass containers reduced to 11.9 billion units in 2014 and worse case scenarios for 2015 predict they could plummet to 9.4 billion units (Figs. 2 and 3). According to the association of alcohol producers, about 1.5 billion bottles are sold illegally in Russia, which makes it difficult to count the exact number of bottles produced and accounts for the discrepancy between the total in Fig.3 and the above cited statistics. The most optimistic scenario for 2015 predicts a decline to 11.1 billion units.

There are three driving factors for the decline in the production of glass containers. The first is the decline in official vodka sales by 37% between 2010 and 2015. The second factor is the decline Continued>>

40 Glass International February 2016

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Country profile: Russia

y bets for success in 2018 50,0

48,0

î ś Fig 1. Supply and demand of glass containers in Russia 2012-2014.

Source: Megaresearch calculations based on data EMISS, FCS

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47,2

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46,6

46,3

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45,0 44,0

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Demand volume of glass packaging, billion RUB Supply volume of glass packaging, billion RUB

agency Megaresearch developed optimistic and pessimistic scenarios for the 2015-2018 period.

The optimistic scenario predicts a stabilisation of container glass output in 2015 and further slight growth until 2018 to 11.7 billion units of glass containers (down from 15.6 billion in 2009 or 13.3 in 2012, Fig.4).

The most pessimistic forecast predicts a further decline to 10.5 billion glass container units in 2018.

Sales of container glass products are dominated by global customers in the beer segment such as Carlsberg, Heineken, ABInBev and Efes, and by strong domestic manufacturers of vodka such as Synergy and Russian Standard.

Global and regional brewers in the past 15 years have consolidated the Russian beer market and are dominating the market. The trends in Russia are similar to the rest of the world – a declining market share for global beer makers and the rise of craft brewers or smaller local brewers. This new trend does not appear to be having an influence on container glass manufacturers.

A lack of cullet and problems with soda ash has become a challenge to glassmakers.

The bottle collection system collapsed in Russia 20 years ago and there is no plan to resurrect it. The separate collection of waste is, with rare exceptions, unrealistic.

companies: Krasnoje Echo and Verallia Russia. A future positive is the support of the domestic pharmaceutical industry, which will result in more demand for glass containers in pharma products.

Some factories are re-orienting their production, but many existing furnaces and machines are not suitable for this type of production.

16,0 14,0

Possible scenarios There are a lot of negative factors that have resulted in a decline in market demand for container glass in Russia, such as: high inflation; the battle against alcohol consumption; rising taxes on alcohol; additional taxes for packaging; environmental taxes; and the financial crisis and banking sector crisis. As a result, there are two scenarios to consider for the Russian container glass industry. Based on data from the association of beverage manufacturers and from the Russian Statistical Bureau, the marketing research

49,1

49,0

î ś Fig 2. Market volume of glass containers in Russia 2012-2014 in real terms,

14,2

12,9

12,0 10,4

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billion units.

6,0

Source: Megarearch calculations

4,0

based on data EMISS, FCS

2,0 0,0 2012

2013

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2015

Continued>>

www.glass-international.com

in beer sales for the same period by 35%, while the third factor is the foreclosure of bankrupt container glass factories as a result of low price (under production costs), due to the extensive overhang of production capacities over demand.

One positive has been the increase in demand for jars as a result of sanctions against the import of most food products from the EU and other countries. This positive factor is weak but, with the support of the domestic agriculture and food industry to replace the imports, it is expected to improve demand and the average price per ton of the container glass industry.

So far there have been only a few winners, such as the Kleg family

41 Glass International February 2016

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Country profile: Russia

Outlook

100% 90% 80% 70%

45%

46%

51%

60% 50%

 Fig 3. Dynamics of demand

40% 30% 20%

for various types of glass

55%

54%

49%

0%

containers in Russia 20122014.

10%

Source: Megaresearch calcula2012

2013

2014

tions based on data EMISS, FCS

www.glass-international.com

Demand volume for coloured glass bottles for beverages and foodstuffs Demand volume for colourless glass bottles for beverages and foodstuffs

Waste collection companies are only interested in the collection of large quantities of waste. This is how they are paid from municipalities and regional administration is only interested in the increase of lease payments by renting out land to create waste dumps. Broken bottles and other cullet are collected from waste dumps by a cheap, overseas labour force. Workers receive more money to collect old plastic, cans and paper than they do for glass, and so dedicate their attention to other materials rather than glass.

The recovery of glass from waste has consequently dropped. Some glass companies have imported cullet from abroad, while most have been forced to change the composition of their batch to a cullet share as low as 15%.

But there is light at the end of the tunnel. A new environmental law for waste will be introduced in 2016 which should create a similar environment to other East European countries and slowly improve the cullet situation. But meanwhile, expect a further increase in the price of cullet, which has already doubled in price in the past four years.

Problems with the supply of soda ash started after the Russian Ruble devalued at the end of 2014. It continued its decline against the Euro and USD in 2015.

This factor almost fully excluded imports of soda ash or made them particularly exclusive. At the same time, new capacities from Crimea Soda appeared on the Russian market after Crimea became part of Russia. Since the Crimea is having issues with water and energy supplies after being cut off from Ukraine and, with no land connection to the Russian mainland, soda ash supplies were limited. Crimea Soda has invested in the stabilisation of its water and energy supply. Once completed, it could increase its capacity to Russian industry from 30,000 tons to 55,000 tons per month.

The dominant supplier to the Russian glass industry is Bashkimchemie, which has had challenges with obsolete equipment. It reconstructed at the end of 2015 and the next issues are expected in 2017.

Attempts to misuse Bashkchim’s dominant position came under the scrutiny of the Russian Antimonopoly Agency during 2015.

“So far there have only been a few winners, such as the companies of the Kleg family - Krasnoje Echo and Verallia

”

Russia

The consolidation of the Russian glass industry and the closure of sites with excess capacity will continue. Ruscam, the Russian subsidiary of Turkish group Sisecam, will remain as the leader in the segment with no short-term threat.

Within two to three years excessive capacities will close and prices on the Russian market are expected to climb to an economically sustainable level – but still below European prices.

The reason for this forecast is that many furnaces will reach the end of their life soon and investors will not receive new debt financing after they failed to repay the debt from the first financing cycle.

The Russian banking sector is going through a purification process. Many banks have closed, while others are in the process of being consolidated with government fund participation.

During the strengthening process many banks will make non-effective glass factories bankrupt.

Gazprom, the main supplier of gas, has been more aggressive in stopping gas supplies, which has subsequently closed glass sites.

The remaining glass capacities are expected to consolidate into larger groups. Some capacities have been deliberately closed, and, at the first sign of a price increase, may be re-opened and therefore slow the process of balancing the market.

In Russia there will be a lot of second hand glass making technology available, which could start a market to service the machinery but not for selling new equipment.

The new environmental law could, within the next five years, improve the situation in cullet supplies. The football World Cup in 2018 will relax some of the strict rules limiting beer sales in kiosks and elsewhere. Thus a drop in beer sales is expected to stop and sales may even increase slightly in 2018.

Signs of a relief in the free-fall of official vodka sales is also expected. Therefore, signs of a better future in the next two to three years have been observed despite the current crisis in the Russian container industry. However, a lot depends on the overall geopolitical situation, the global price of commodities and the direction of foreign and domestic affairs of the Russian Federation. r

*CEO, Ekran container glass manufacturer, Novosibirsk, Russia. www.ekran.ru 13,5

 Fig 4. Forecast of demand for container glass up to 2018, under optimistic scenario of industry development, billion units.

Source: Megaresearch calculations based on data Rosstat, expert opinions of market players

13,3

13,0

12,9

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2017

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42 Glass International February 2016

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Technical Topics

John Henderson Henderson Technology

How to choose the right refractory?

R

efractories: all glassmakers use them and some know when, where and how to use them to best effect.

Others rely on the technical expertise of the furnace designer / supplier or the refractory supplier themselves. Whatever the source, refractories are integral to the glassmaking process and can be the difference between success and failure.

A multitude of natural and man-made materials (some of them very exotic) have found their way into refractories and almost all them could be viewed as glassmaking materials.

Reaction Herein lies the fundamental problem with refractories… they react with glass.

Fortunately, in most cases, the rate of reaction is sufficiently slow that furnaces can have a usefully productive life over a time span that is commercially significant.

Refractories can also react with themselves (no it is true!) as in the case of alumina sidewall blocks requiring a barrier layer of zircon bricks or something similar to prevent reaction with the silica of the crown. The commercially productive time span varies, of course, depending on the actual refractory and the use to which it is put.

So for siliceous or aluminous clay pots in a single pot furnace (and yes such things do still exist) this might be one to six months or even longer if treated well.

A large container or float glass furnace using AZS-based electro cast refractories might have a design life of 12 to 14 years.

There is also everything in between these common points of reference including some outliers where the nature

of the product means each melt has to be done in a new pot/crucible/tank or the tank that lasts 20 years because it is only used once a year.

It is common for glassmakers to use time as a measure of refractory (hence tank) life but it may not be the most useful way of comparing the diversity of refractory use.

Alternative view An alternative view would consider the amount of glass that had been successfully melted before the pot/crucible/tank had to be replaced would be better as time only really represents a true measure if all other conditions are constant.

“No matter how we strive for them constant optimal conditions are as elusive as ever.

”

No matter how we strive for them constant optimal conditions are as elusive as ever. Just as an example consider how often does a continuous furnace run at a steady pull rate. At best it may be a number of days but it will still vary extensively over the life of the tank.

Pull rate affects the flow of glass through a tank and hundreds of changes over the life of the tank will affect the performance of the refractories.

Many glassmakers ask ‘what refractories should I use’, or ‘what are the best refractories’.

Asking that type of question is almost like asking how long is a piece of string:

it has no reasonable or sensible answer as it all depends on a myriad of other information required to complete the picture.

If, for instance you are melting sodalime-silica glass in a large furnace for containers or float you might think the best refractories for the glass bath were fused cast AZS (alumina zircon silica).

This would undoubtedly be a good choice but which composition range would be the best for your furnace/glass combination and are you willing to increase your capital spend to get blocks, which are end cast to place the void away from the glass line or void-free blocks which give better wear characteristics but cost much more.

Will you just take regular cast blocks with a normal void and worry about the repair when it is necessary as that life versus cost question is difficult to quantify. If a furnace is conventionally fired then super duty silica may be fine for the crown but is that the case if you are using oxygen boost or full oxy-fuel firing?

Then what about the superstructure and the regenerators?

All these type of decisions need to be made when choosing refractories but fortunately there are a good number of suppliers in the market place who can guide you through this field.

Remember, however, they want you to buy their product so you or your technical specialist should at least understand some of the principles involved. r

*Henderson Technology, Sheffield, UK info@hendersontechnology.com www.hendersontechnology.com

www.glass-international.com

Refractories are essential feature of glassmaking but there are a myriad of options when it comes to choosing what is best for a particular glassmaker.

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Events world: Mir Stekla

International audience prepares for Mir Stekla 2016 in Moscow The international exhibition for glass products, manufacturing, processing and finishing technology, Mir Stekla 2016, will be held at Moscow Expocentre Fairgrounds on 6-9 June 2016. It is the largest show for the glass industry in Russia, the CIS and Eastern Europe.

M

zMr Nikolay Gusev, First Deputy General Director, Expocentre and Mr Victor Osipov President of StekloSouz. production of more than 20,000 tons per day. One of the main advantages of the Russian glass container industry is its modern equipment supplied by global suppliers such as Tiama, AGR, BDF, Emhart Glass, Glass Technologies, CarMet, Zecchetti, Comair and Imaca.

The exhibition will feature thematic sections including modern means of glass production and processing, glass application, tools and auxiliary equipment, test and regulating equipment, software, transportation and storage of glass, design workshops, research institutes, schools and industry associations.

An essential part of Mir Stekla 2016 is its programme of accompanying events, which features forums, seminars, conferences and presentations.

Its business-related international forum is titled Glass and Modern Technology in the 21st Century. The event will welcome heads of StekloSouz and its member companies, representatives of relevant ministries and research institutes, experts and their foreign colleagues. They will discuss problems paying particular attention to the development strategy

and trends of the Russian glass industry, measures of government support, import substitution, exports, changes to relevant legislation, new standards and other important issues. The forum has been organised by StekloSouz since 2001 and, since 2014, has been held at the Expocentre twice a year, divided into a summer and autumn session. The summer event is held at Mir Stekla and the autumn event held on the Day of the Russian Workers of the glass industry on November 19th.

On December 30th, 2015, the Russian government officially supported the event and said its Ministry of Industry and Trade would participate. The event was included in the Ministry’s Plan of Participation for key events and exhibitions to attend in 2016. The list included about 100 of what it deemed the most important events to attend in 2016.

The Mir Stekla Exhibition will take place on 6-9 June 2016 at Expocentre Fairgrounds, Moscow. r

www.mirstekla-expo.ru Continued>>

www.glass-international.com

ir Stekla is organised by the Expocentre Fairgrounds and the United National Council of the Glass Industry Enterprises, known as StekloSouz. The show is supported by the Russian Ministry of Industry and Trade and runs under the auspices of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

About 200 companies from 22 countries are expected to participate in Mir Stekla 2016, from which 85% have regularly participated in the exhibition for several years. Italian and Chinese companies will organise national pavilions. In 2015, there were 8000 visits over the four-day made up of construction, furniture, tool-making and medical industries professionals. The structure of the visitors was head of the company, 19%; specialist and engineering/technology staff, 37%; top and middle management, 29%; and the rest made up of students.

Companies which participated last year included BDF Industries, Tiama, Ermi77, Leybold Optics, Buhler, Horn Glass, RHI, Ayrox – Softeco, Hegla, Bystronic Glass, Revimac, Tecoglas, Cnud-Efco, North Glass, Mountain Glass, Glasmaschinenbau Freital, Grenzebach Maschinenbau, Saint-Gobain, Bottero, Glass Service, Heye International, Landglass Technology, Glaston, Omco Croatia, among others.

New products and glass manufacturing equipment and technology will be showcased by 80 Russian exhibitors, among them KAMI Machine Tool Trade Association, Utah, Salavatsteklo, Saratovstroysteklo, HFD House, Vremena Goda, Bashkhim, Lazurnoe, Steklocentr, Specmash, Polema, Adem and others. The newcomers to the trade show included Lisma, Lorado and Eti Products.

Russia and the CIS countries operate about 70 glass factories with an average

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Events world: Mir Stekla

Feedback from Mir Stekla 2015 Jan Robertson, Business Development Manager of UK company ParkinsonSpencer Refractories (PSR) said: “We are satisfied with the quality of the exhibition target group.

“Visitors who came to our booth to negotiate were generally top-managers from their companies who were able to make a decision.”

Eduard Taran, President, RATM Holding and principal shareholder in Zavod Ekran, said: “Meetings like this are always big events for us as they provide an opportunity to compare our management processes and performance

with those of other players in the sector and share our best practices.

“Our long-term and successful cooperation – I would call it trustful – with the Sklostroi Company from the Czech Republic is based on a shared understanding of production objectives, the need to innovate and to improve operating procedures.

“This cannot be achieved without regular communication, meetings and exchange of opinions. And it’s really hard to imagine a better place for the purpose than an industry exhibition.

“Here, among professionals, we

have yet another chance to see what a prominent role the glass sector should play in the industry; how important it is to use eco-friendly packaging instead of unhealthy plastic one. In developed countries this issue gets particular attention, and our Czech partners, as well as the other exhibitors, share this view. We’ve seen lots of interesting displays here and are pleased to note that the process of integration, modernisation and development of the sector is particularly dynamic.”

Economic treaty seeks to improve Eurasian trade The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is an international organisation of regional countries that seeks to improve trade between the nations and internationally. Its member states are Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Russia who say it will help trigger the freedom of movement of goods and labour within their territories. Alexander Gurov reports*

www.glass-international.com

The new Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) has a population of 170 million people and a combined GDP of $2.4 trillion. Its members states are Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Russia and, according to the agreement, will allow the freedom of movement of goods, services, capital and labour within the EAEU as well as a ‘coordinated, agreed or common policy in the economic sectors.’

A single system of customs regulation based on the rules and standards of the single Customs Code will operate

within the EAEU member states. Its draft Customs Code is currently being finalised and is scheduled to be adopted later this year.

All members are subject to a single regulatory framework governing trade and economic relations, including uniform rules of technical regulation and subsidies to each member state.

There are plans for a single currency and greater integration in the future.

According to a Treaty, the Union was established with the objectives of creating proper conditions for

sustainable economic development of the Member States. This will help improve the living standards of their population; create a common market for goods, services, capital and labour within the Union; and to ensure comprehensive modernisation, cooperation and competitiveness of national economies within the global economy. r

www.eaeunion.org Alex Gurov, Glass International Russian agent, Moscow.

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Events world

A host of international experts attend Glass Problems conference Delegates from 16 countries attended the 76th Conference on Glass Problems, the annual event designed to provide and discuss the latest critical process and technologies used in the glass manufacturing industry. Greg Morris provides a snapshot of the event.

www.glass-international.com

T

he three and a half day 76th Conference on Glass Problems included technical papers from glass manufacturers and suppliers who discussed the latest technology and solutions.

The international mix of delegates saw executives from Iran, Kuwait, India and Japan, along with a large number attending from Europe, join a majority from the USA and the Americas.

The event also included daylong Forming Technology in Glass Manufacturing symposium, which examined the latest technologies used in the process in more depth.

The event was organised by the Glass Manufacturing Industry Council (GMIC) in partnership with Alfred University, both based in the United States.

According to the organisers, the conference serves two critical needs.

The first is to provide a platform where innovations and solutions to technical problems can be disseminated. The second is to provide a consistent meeting place for the industry to share ideas and build relationships.

Conference The two-day technical conference featured sessions on topics such as energy and glass melting, batching, and the

z The technical sessions focused on a range of subjects including batching, refractories, modeling and environment.

environment and included 20 papers from glassmaking equipment suppliers such as Air Products, Glass Service Inc., Bucher Emhart Glass and Nalco.

A paper prepared by Bucher Emhart Glass and Vetroconsult discussed ‘The Qualification of a New Glass Strengthening Process’. It discussed how the thermal strengthening process, which has been prominent in the flat glass industry for more than 70 years, is a new concept for the container glass sector.

The strengthening process changes the structure and nature of the glass and adds a stored energy component. This requires the process to be qualified and validated

before gaining industry acceptance, to show that the end product meets design specifications in terms of function, strength, durability and safety.

The paper focused on these efforts to validate the new process and some of the results of their experiences, such as validation runs, sampling techniques employed and test results.

The company had earlier presented a paper on day two titled ‘Improvements to Bucher Emhart Glass Vertiflow Mould Cooling Applications in Glass Container Production’.

Continued>>

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Events world

Cullet Italian group Stazione Sperimentale De Vetro gave a paper titled ‘Glass Cullet: Impact of Colour Sorting on the Glass Redox State’.

The paper provided an overview of the cullet collection system in Europe. It discussed how cullet is one of the main raw materials used in the glassmaking industry in Europe today. More than 60% of glass cullet is recycled to produce new glass, with furnaces able to produce green- coloured glass with a more than 90% recycling rate.

Post-consumer dry-recyclables are collected in two ways in Europe. The first is the mono-material collection or it is mixed with other dry recyclables such as plastic, cans or mixed colour glass.

The introduction of colour sorting machines has helped increase the amount of cullet used in flint glass production.

But there have been some unexpected problems, such as the redox of the cullet feed has been impacted by the relative amount of different colours.

The paper described a new method developed by the SSV to determine the

inorganic redox and its application.

Thomas Hughes, Senior Industry Technical Consultant at Nalco gave an update to the company’s presentation in the 2013 event. The 2013 paper gave initial results of a dry batch optimiser technology used in the container glass industry. The new paper gave documented information about how the technology can achieve additional benefits such as improved homogenity of the batch mixture, a reduction of excess moisture and associated energy benefits.

An abridged version of this paper is available to read in the January 2016 issue of Glass International (page 45).

The conference concluded with a oneday forming symposium, which included 13 papers from glassmakers including Owens-Illinois (O-I), PPG, Johns Manville and Owens Corning. It also featured an end-of-day panel discussion with all speakers invited to participate

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Other highlights The accompanying exhibition featured 61 suppliers from Europe, the Americas and China. These included the likes of Special Shapes Refractory Company, Specialty Rondot, Sorg, Tiama Americas, FIC UK and Fives Stein.

Another highlight was a student trip to the nearby Anchor Hocking glass plant in Lancaster, Ohio. The trip provided potential graduates to the glass industry the opportunity to see inside a glass plant and furnace, as well as network with senior industry professionals. 

*The 77th Conference on Glass Problems will take place November 7th to 10th, 2016 at the Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, OH, USA. www.glassproblemsconference.org

Introducing the SPT2 the most advanced volume and pressure measurement system available today.

 Forming session chairman, Uyi Iyoha, introduces Alan Stephens, Director at Fives Stein who presented a paper on forehearth heating.

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Mould cooling is a particularly crucial aspect of container glass production.

During the forming process moulds are used to cool the glass while it is blown into its final shape. The heat removed from the glass is dependent on mould temperature, with air often used as a cooling medium.

For more than 30 years Bucher Emhart has used the Vertiflow cooling system on the blow side, which provides cooling air to the moulds from the bottom plate mechanism.

The company has now introduced Vertiflow Assist, which complements the Vertiflow system by enabling cooling when the moulds are open.

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Events world The event takes place for the first time in Edinburgh at a former brewery bottling plant.

Focusing on the future of the industry The conference programme for this year’s Glass Focus conference is taking shape with a number of speakers already confirmed. The British Glass-organised event will also highlight the best of this year’s glass achievements at its awards evening.

O

rganiser British Glass has confirmed several speakers for this year’s Glass Focus conference.

The annual conference and awards event takes place for the first time in Edinburgh, UK at a former brewery bottling plant in the Holyrood area of the city.

Industry and technical experts will share their experience and lead exchanges on topics including anticipating tomorrow’s demands from designers, manufacturers and customers, applying cutting edge glass technology to solve global problems, decoupling growth, energy use and emissions, and working across supply and value chains to adapt successfully.

Mr Dalgarno’s current research focuses on biofabrication and innovative manufacturing of medical devices, particularly tissue engineering scaffolds for application in regenerative medicine – including the use of bioglasses.

Mr Dawson will share practical examples of how big industry can achieve whole-sector collaboration to lever finance, close materials loops and bring sustainable retrofit technologies closer to market.

The conference programme for this year’s Glass Focus conference is already taking shape.

www.glass-international.com

Conference Speakers at the day-long conference include Corporate Financier, Nicholas Mockett of Moorgate Capital; Kenny Dalgarno, Professor of Manufacturing Engineering at University of Newcastle; Will Dawson, Head of Energy at Forum for the Future; Dr Simon Elmer, Luxury Fragrance Package Development at Procter and Gamble; and Steve Barker, Head of Energy Efficiency and Environmental Care programme at Siemens.

Mr Mockett is Head of Packaging Mergers and Acquisitions at Moorgate Capital. He’ll be sharing his analysis of the general economic outlook, market trends and identifying issues on the global stage that the glass industry should be paying attention to.

Mr Elmer is interested in the crossover of concepts and solutions between different types of luxury goods and forging new ways for designers and manufacturers to collaborate and get the best from materials.

With a raft of proven programmes under his belt – across a range of manufacturing clients, including with NSG Pilkington

and others in the glass sector – Mr Barker knows how to deliver the changes that make a positive impact on a business’ bottom line.

More speakers will be announced in the coming weeks.

Awards The Glass Focus Awards, and all the entries to them, reveal the outstanding breadth and quality of achievement in glass.

Winners for all seven categories will be announced at the Glass Focus Awards on the evening of Thursday May 12.

The awards are open to everyone in the glass industry – whether a British Glass member or not. Entries will be judged by a panel of independent industry experts and should focus on initiatives taking place since last year’s awards closed – so between April 2015 and April 2016.

The judging panel will consider entries in the categories of glass design, sustainable processes development, corporate social responsibility, marketing campaign impact, improvement through innovation, supply chain initiative, and apprentice achievement.

The deadline for this year’s entries is 5pm on Wednesday, April 6 2016.

Glass Focus 2016 takes place at Dynamic Earth, Holyrood, Edinburgh, UK on Thursday May 12, 2016. r

www.britglass.org.uk/glassfocus2016 glassfocus@britglass.co.uk

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International Congress on Glass conference 2016 A platform for the dissemination of glass science and technology information.

April 7th - 11th 2016 Shanghai, China.

CONTACT: icg2016@vip.sina.com www.icg2016shanghai.com China Glass 2016 Annual Chinese exhibition returns to Shanghai.

April 11th - 14th 2016 Shanghai New International Exhibition Centre, Shanghai, China.

CONTACT: ceramsoc@163.com www.chinaglass-expo.com

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Glassman Middle East 2016 The Glassman exhibition and conference returns to the Middle East for the first time since 2009.

May 10th - 11th 2016 Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre, UAE. CONTACT: jeremyfordrey@quartzltd.com kenclark@quartzltd.com www.glassmanevents.com Glass Focus 2016 This day-long event is a conference and an awards evening organised by the British Glass association.

May 12th 2016 Dynamic Earth, Edinburgh, UK. CONTACT: glassfocus@britglass.co.uk www.britglass.org.uk/glassfocus2016 Glass Stress Summer School 2016 An intensive two-day course containing lectures,equipment demonstrations, practical stress measurements and informal discusions.

May 27th - 28th 2016 Nordic Hotel Forum, Tallinn, Estonia.

CONTACT: aben@glasstress.com www.glasstress.com

Introducing the SPT2 the most advanced volume and pressure measurement system available today.

Mir Stekla 2016 Annual Russian exhibition.

June 6th - 9th 2016 Moscow Expo Centre, Pavilion Number 2, Russia.

CONTACT:re@expocentr.ru www.mirstekla-expo.ru/ ESG 2016/SGT 100 conference 2016 marks the SGT’s centenary year and it will celebrate with events including a return to the university for its annual conference.

September 5th - 9th 2016 University of Sheffield, UK. CONTACT: www.esg2016.eu glasstec 2016 Biennial exhibition and conference devoted to all sectors of the glass industry.

September 20th - 23rd 2016 Messe Duesseldorf, Germany.

CONTACT: http://www.glasstec.de

• 270 bottles per hour throughput • No job change • Lab-precision volume measurement at the line

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The glassmaker’s diary

Events world

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AGRINTL.COM

51 Glass International February 2016

DIARY.indd 1

2/18/16 9:23 AM

CLASSIFIEDS

COMBUSTION

COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT

ANNEALING LEHRS

SYSTEMS/BURNERS

ANNEALING & DECORATING LEHRS for Containers and Tableware

TEMPERING LINES ON BELT / SPINDLES for Tableware and Stemware

INDUSTRIAL GAS ENGINEERS

I NDUST RIAL G AS E NGINEERS UNIT D2, BRO O KSID E BD2, U S Brookside I N E S S P ABusiness R K , G R EPark, E N G AGreengate, TE,C H AD D ERTO N, M24 1G S, ENG LAND Unit Chadderton, T E L E P H O N E : 0 1 6 1 - 6M24 5 4 71GS, 7 0 0 UKF A X : 0 1 6 1 - 6 5 5 3 8 1 2 Tel +44 (0) 161 654 7700 Fax +44 (0) 161 655 3812 E-MAIL: S A L E S @ M O N T S E L A S . C O . U K WWW.MONTSELAS.CO.UK Email sales@montselas.co.uk www.montselas.co.uk

AIR

Low-Emission Oxy-fuel Solutions GAS

MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS OF SELAS SQUARE PORT GAS & AIR VALVES contact us

vidromecanica@vidromecanica.com www.vidromecanica.com

Inerting Applications

GLASS LEVEL MEASUREMENT

HOT END WARE Sheppee Classified advert.pdf HANDLING

HEAT-UP SERVICES

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Y

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MY

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LUBRICATING AND Classified Ad1.pdf 1 03/02/2016 COATING SOLUTIONS

INSPECTION

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TIAMA ZA des Plattes, 1 Chemin des Plattes, 69390 Vourles, France

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Tel +33 (0) 4 37 20 15 00, Fax +33 (0) 4 78 07 94 50

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Email: marketing@tiama.com Website:www.tiama.com

Contact Esme Horn T+44 (0) 1737 855136 to book your space

CLASSIFIEDS.indd 1

• Oxygen & oxygen flow control equipment • Global oxygen enrichment applications • Cleanfire® oxy-fuel burners • Start-up services

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Lubricating and Coating Solutions for the Glass Container Industry Graphoidal Developments Ltd, Broombank Road, Chesterfield, S41 9QJ, England

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Tel: +44 (0) 1246 266000 Fax: +44 (0) 1246 269269 Email: sales@graphoidal.com Website: www.graphoidal.com

Ware Handling Made Easy Complete intergrated Ware Handling package 2 & 3 Axis Servo Stacker Advanced Lehr Cross Conveyor Ware Transfer units for ALL types of production Adjustable pocket Pushbars Worldwide service and support team Dedicated to resolving your Ware Handling problems

• Hydrogen, nitrogen & other gases • Enabling flow control equipment 1 04/02/2016 10:34:15

800-654-4567 (code 344) gigmrktg@airproducts.com airproducts.com/glass

(39101)

Global Combustion Systems Total Support Unit 43, Evans Business Centre, Easter Inch, Bathgate EH48 2EH, Scotland, UK Tel+44 (0) 1506 657310 Fax +44 (0) 8704 799975 Email Sales@globalcombustion.com Web www.globalcombustion.com

Airfield Business Park, Elvington, York, YO42 4AU, UK Tel: 0044 1904 608999 Email: sales@sheppee.com Web: www.sheppee.com

SCREEN PRINTING

13:53:19

DECORATING MACHINES KBA-KAMMANN GmbH Bergkirchener Str. 228 D-32549 Bad Oeynhausen (Germany) Fon +49 (0) 5734 5140-0 Fax: +49 (0) 5734 5140-5130 mail@kba-kammann.com www.kba-kammann.com

FLEXIBLE. PRECISE. INNOVATIVE.

RAW MATERIALS Rio Tinto Minerals 2 Eastbourne Terrace London W2 6LG, UK Tel +44 (0) 207 781 1450 Fax +44 (0) 207 781 1851 Email: simon.cook@riotinto.com Web: www.riotintominerals.com

Glassman events visit: www.glassmanevents.com

2/19/16 9:25 AM

53035 MONTERIGGIONI (SI) ITALY - Strada di Gabbricce, 6 Tel +39 0577 304730 ifv@fonderievaldelsane.com

www.fonderievaldelsane.com

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