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Bad for the heart?

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Contents.indd 1

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NEWS

COMMENT

Bad for the heart?

F

or decades, we’ve been told to eat less saturated fat as this will cause plaque to build up in our arteries, which then hardens and ultimately leads to heart disease.

Examples of saturated fat foods include dairy products like butter and cheese, fatty meats, processed foods such as pizzas, burgers and sausages, and oils such as coconut and palm kernel and palm oils*.

Recently, three cardiologists have written that saturated fats do not clog arteries and the "clogged pipe" model of heart disease is "plain wrong".

In the British Journal of Sport Medicine, lead author and cardiologist Dr Aseem Malhotra wrote an April editorial claiming that saturated fats are not associated with general mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD), death from CHD, ischemic stroke or type 2 diabetes in healthy adults. “There's no association between eating saturated fats and heart disease among healthy people,” he told CNN. Dr Malhotra’s team’s study noted that most cardiac events happen at sites in our body with less than 70% artery obstruction, and stents to open arteries narrowed by plaque failed to prevent heart attack or reduce mortality.

The editorial also said cited unpublished data, which revealed that replacing saturated fat with linoleic acid-containing vegetable oils “increased mortality risk despite significant reductions in low-density lipoprotein [LDL or ‘bad’ cholesterol] and total cholesterol”.

Instead, adopting a Mediterranean diet, supplemented with “at least four tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil or a handful of nuts” achieved a 30% reduction in cardiovascular events. The alpha linoleic acid, and omega 3 fatty acids found in nuts, extra virgin olive oil and oily fish were what reduced coronary inflammation and thrombosis, they say.

Such a diet should be complemented with regular exercise.

“Coronary artery disease is an inflammatory disease and it can be reduced effectively by walking 22 minutes/day and eating real food.”

Dr Malhotra says the No 1 risk factor for heart attacks is "insulin resistance driven by a number of dietary factors, especially increased sugar and other refined carbohydrates".

In other words, it's not the meat – which contains less than 10% saturated fat – in your burger that's the problem. It's the bun, the French fries and the sugary drink that washes it all down, he told CNN. Of course, there are many critics of this view, who say that the editorial is not based on any new research but “obsolete methodology” and, according to Dr Frank Sacks, former chairman of the American Heart Association's nutrition committee, "ignores a large database of highest quality evidence that saturated fat does cause atherosclerosis, largely because it increases LDL cholesterol."

As it stands, most health authorities around still advise us to reduce eating saturated fats and the World Health Organization recommended a switch from saturated to unsaturated fats in May 2015.

So what are we to believe?

Common sense and moderation are probably the best approach to take. You can’t go wrong with exercising, reducing stress and eating less processed food, whether it’s because they contain too much saturated fats, refined carbohydrates or sugar.

"In moderation as part of a mixed diet, there is no single food item that is bad for you and no single nutrient should be thought of as 'healthy or unhealthy',” says Dr Gavin Sandercock, director of research at the University of Essex. “This is true for fat, protein and carbohydrates." w

* Fats are comprised of three fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol molecule.

When the carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain are linked with a single bond, these are saturated fats. When the chains are linked with one double bond and the remainder are single bonds, this is a monounsaturated fat. When the chains are linked with more than one double bond, these are polyunsaturated fats.

Glencore approaches Bunge with merger G

lencore Agriculture, commodity trading company Glencore’s non-consilidated agriculture joint venture, has confirmed it has approached agri and food firm Bunge with an informal takeover offer.

Confirmed by Glencore in a statement on 23 May, the company said it had “made an informal approach to Bunge Limited regarding a possible consensual business combination”, but added that “discussions may or may not materialise and there is no certainty that any transaction will occur”.

However, Bunge appeared reserved in its reply, published by the company on the same day, which stated was not engaged in business combination discussions with Glencore.

“Bunge is committed to continuing to execute its global agri-foods strategy and pursuing opportunities for driving growth and value creation,” Bunge said.

The approach came in the wake of several years of low commodity

prices and bumper crops that have put pressure on the world’s largest oilseed and grains traders, Oilseed & Grain News wrote.

Bunge’s CEO Soren Schroeder confirmed this view in a Fox Business News interview and agreed that the grains industry would see a wave of consolidation, saying: “It is very clear that there are too many trying to do the same thing with a small margin.”

Should the takeover materialise, it would see Glencore, which generated US$21.9bn in agricultural revenues in 2016, enter the US market and strengthen its presence in the Americas, Australia and Russia, Oilseed & Grain News said.

Glencore sold a 9.99% stake in its agriculture unit to Canada’s British Columbia Investment Management Corp (bcIMC) for US$624.9M in June 2016 and a 40% stake to Canada Pension Plan Investment Board for US$2.5bn two months prior in April 2016 in order to cut its US$30bn debt load.

Greenpeace halts IOI campaign

G

lobal environmental activist group Greenpeace suspended its campaign against leading palm oil producer IOI Group on 28 April as a result of its progress on sustainability across its supply chain.

As part of Greenpeace’s protest campaign against IOI, the activist group blockaded the company’s Rotterdam palm oil refinery in September 2016 and organised a protest at its Malaysian headquarters.

Greenpeace said in a statement that IOI had begun proactively monitoring its palm oil suppliers since January to ensure they were not destroying rainforests or peatlands.

“IOI has come a long way in the past 12 months, and has now started taking meaningful action to eliminate forest destruction and human rights abuses from its supply chain,” said Kiki Taufik, global head of Greenpeace’s Indonesian Forests Campaign. “Greenpeace will be watching closely to make sure IOI follows through..”

The IOI Group launched its updated Sustainable Palm Oil Policy (SPOP) in August 2016 alongside what the company called a Sustainability Implementation plan after it was suspended from the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) in April 2016 for clearing peatlands in Indonesia. Following the suspension, many companies, including large names such as Unilever, Mars and Nestlé, cancelled their IOI contracts.

The RSPO lifted its suspension in August 2016 and IOI said it had implemented additional commitments to its SPOP. The company said it had addressed the labour issues highlighted by Finnish corporate responsibility watchdog Finnwatch at IOI’s Peninsular Malaysia plantations. It had commissioned external consultants Business for Social Responsibility to “transparently verify” its progress.

Additionally, it had committed to implement global best practice peatland management standards, analysed the exposure of its supply base to peatland and committed to minimise and mitigate the impact of its third party suppliers on peatlands.

2 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

Comment and News.indd 1

09/06/2017 15:07

NEWS

Bunge to acquire edible oil producer Aceitera Martinez B unge Southern Cone, a subsidiary of global agribusiness and food company Bunge, has agreed to acquire all of Argentinian edible oil producer Aceitera Martínez SA’s assets.

The acquisition, agreed on 11 April, covered all of the company’s assets and included a modern production plant located in San Jerónimo Sud, near Bunge’s refining centre, Bunge said.

The facilities, equipped with “state-of-the-art” technology and three packaging lines, had an installed capacity of approximately 18,000

tonnes/month.

“This acquisition allows us to strengthen our value-added position in the agrifood chain and ratifies Bunge’s deep commitment to national production,” said Enrique Humanes, CEO of Bunge Southern Cone.

“In the coming years, our commitment will be to meet the demand for higher value-added products, expand our portfolio and generate a more appropriate asset allocation,” he added.

Aceitera Martínez is a family-run business, which has more than 60 years of experience

in the production and packaging of edible oils, including sunflower and soyabean oil.

Bunge has completed a line of acquisitions in the past 12 months, including the buyout of German oils and fats supplier Westfälische Lebensmittelwerke Lindemann GmbH & Co KG in March.

In February, Bunge acquired two oilseed crushing plants from Cargill and formed a joint venture with Saudi shipping firm Bahri Dry Bulk Company to establish an ocean freight supplier for dry bulk flows in and out of the Middle East.

Deforestation due to soya falls in America and Asia

D

eforestation due to soyabean, palm oil, beef and other agricultural commodities has decreased in several South American and Southeast Asian countries, according to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).

An April 2017 report titled ‘International Trade and Deforestation: Potential Policy Effect via a Global Economic Model’ tracked the history of production and international trade of forest-risk commodities between 1991 and 2013.

According to the report, deforestation in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay was mostly linked to beef and soyabean production, while in Indonesia and Malaysia the main culprit was palm oil and timber.

Soyabean production in Argentina and Brazil had increased “substantially” since 1991, the report noted but, in recent years, production had mostly expanded onto previously cleared crop land or pasture,

SOYABEAN PRODUCTION HAS INCREASED, BUT NOT AT THE COST OF DEFORESTATION

rather than contributing directly to further deforestation.

In Indonesia, deforestation due to palm oil production had decreased significantly as most palm plantations in Indonesia came from land that was previously degraded following unsustainable logging.

Palm oil-derived deforestation had also decreased in Malaysia from the high levels of late 2000s, but forest loss was still overall higher than between

1991 and 2003.

The report mentioned that palm oil was the most frequently mentioned cause of deforestation in Indonesia and Malaysia, but USDA’s findings showed that timber had caused more forest loss.

Beef was the largest contributor to deforestation in total. In Brazil, for example, it accounted historically for more than 80% of all agriculturerelated deforestation, although the levels had dropped drastically within the 12-year study period.

In 1995, beef production accounted for 3.75M ha of deforestation in Brazil, compared to 0.71M ha in 2013, the USDA report said.

The report also proposed two international trade policy options to further reduce tropical forest loss, namely removing tariffs on forest-risk commodities or prohibiting the trade of forest products from countries that might be illegally logging.

Mars pledges switch to high-oleic peanuts by 2018

A

merican confectionery and food product manufacturer Mars, known for its Mars bar and M&M brands, has pledged to use only high-oleic peanuts in its Peanut M&M’s and Munch Bars by the end of 2017.

The pledge was mostly kept hidden from the consumer and food manufacturing sectors, despite it being made already in the summer of 2016, reported FoodNavigator-USA on 1 May. “We alerted the peanut industry as a whole of our commitment and our goal, and we’re waiting until we become 100% high-oleic before we announce to the public and the consumer,” Anne-Marie DeLorenzo, strategic sourcing manager for nuts at Mars Chocolate North America, told the news site.

DeLorenzo said the switch to only high-oleic peanuts had been slow due to the company being unable to source sufficient supply, which is why it focused the pledge on only two products.

Mars had, however, used 90% high-oleic peanuts in its products in the USA. High-oleic peanuts have a high monounsaturated fat content, but FoodNavigator quoted Mars saying that the changes to nutritional profiles would be negligible and the switch wasn’t intended to create a “health halo”.

“Our peanut investment is more about product freshness and quality than anything else. We know our products are a treat and that consumers should be eating responsibly, so that’s our number one priority,” said Anthony Guerreri, director of external affairs at Mars.

FoodNavigator reported that the move would increase the cost of acquiring peanuts for Mars, but would not affect consumer prices.

Additionally, only products sold in the USA would be affected, as Mars products sold elsewhere in the world were already 100% high-oleic.

IN BRIEF ARGENTINA: Soya crusher and biodiesel producer Renova received on 31 May a US$410M funding package to expand its operations from the World Bank member International Finance Corporation (IFC) and Dutch Rabobank.

Renova, a joint venture between Vicentin and Glencore subsidiary Oleaginosa Moreno Hermanos, would use the financing to increase the 18,000 tonnes/day soyabean crush capacity at its Timbues, Santa Fe, plant by 50% and double its port’s loading capacity with a new grain port, IFC said.

The funding package consisted of US$75M from the IFC, another US$75M from Rabobank and US$260M from various other financial institutions and banks.

In addition to the crushing plant and port facilities, the company’s Timbues complex includes a lecithin plant and storage facilities and it also operates a biodiesel facility in San Lorenzo, Santa Fe. UK: The country is set to get its first large-scale rapeseed processing plant since the 1980s as commodity trading and supply chain company RCMA Group announced the construction of a new facility on 6 June.

To be located in Atherstoneon-Stour in central England, the £25M (US$32.3M) facility with an annual crush capacity of 100,000 tonnes was scheduled to come online in autumn 2017, RCMA said.

The plant would produce 40,000 tonnes of refined edible rapeseed oil and 60,000 tonnes of rape cake for animal feed annually from UK rapeseed.

3 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

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NEWS

New palm planting material increases yields P

T SMART Tbk, a subsidiary of Singaporean palm oil company Golden-Agri Resources Ltd, announced on 22 May that it had cultivated high-yielding oil palm planting materials that could “substantially” increase the yields from its oil palm plantations without increasing land use.

The two materials – called Eka 1 and Eka 2 – were developed at the SMART Research Institute and SMART’s Biotechnology Centre naturally through a conventional selection programme and tissue culture from “elite palms”.

“Tissue culture helps us propagate planting materials through a non-GMO process that produces more CPO and, in the near future, it will help to produce planting materials

that make better use of nutrients and are more resistant to both disease and drought,” said SMART’s head of plant production and biotechnology division Tony Liwang.

The materials could increase SMART’s crude palm oil (CPO) yield to more than 10 tonnes/ ha/year at the prime palm production age of 8-10 years from its current yield of 7.5-8 tonnes/ha/year under optimal soil conditions, according to the company.

Indonesia’s industry average yield was still under 4 tonnes/ha/year, SMART said.

“With the success to date of our tissue culture programme, we can expect to see substantially higher yields with Eka 1 and Eka 2 and greater oil extraction levels from the fruit itself,” Liwang said.

SMART expected the Eka 1 seedling to produce 10.8 tonnes/ha of CPO at prime maturity, with oil extraction levels of 32% due to increased oil ratio in the fruit, while the Eka 2 seedlings were projected to yield an even greater 13 tonnes/ha and 36% oil extraction.

Furthermore, the company expected the seedlings to reach the first harvest in 24 months, in contrast to the current industry average of 30 months.

It intended to multiply the seedling clones through tissue culture over the next five years to cultivate a sufficient quantity to plant over a “larger commercial area” by 2022.

SMART first started developing the materials in 2007 and The first clonal seedlings were planted in 2011 following several trials.

J M Smucker buys Nutella firm wins palm oil court case Farmers’ union: Wesson oil brands talian confectionery maker stop palm oil use

U

S consumer food and beverage firm J M Smucker signed a US$285M agreement on 30 May with packaged food company Conagra Brands to acquire its Wesson brand of edible oils.

Under the contract, Conagra will continue to manufacture the Wesson brand – which includes vegetable, canola, corn and blended oils – for up to one year following the close of the transaction to provide Smucker with a transitory period.

Smucker was planning to settle the manufacture of Wesson products into its existing oils production facility in Cincinnati, Ohio, the company said.

J M Smucker CEO Mark Smucker said the Wesson brand was strongly complementary with the company’s existing and wellknown Crisco brand of products.

“By allowing us to more efficiently use existing supply chain and go-to-market resources, this acquisition will lead to significant cost savings that can further fuel our growth opportunities,” Smucker said.

The firm expected the deal to generate additional annual net sales of US$230M and generate EBITDA of approximately US$30M. The Wesson deal was another step in Conagra’s plan to divest several of its private label and condiment businesses in order to reform itself as a branded goods-only company, Reuters wrote on 30 May. Conagra sold its loss-making private label business to TreeHouse Foods in 2016 and also spun off its Lamb Weston frozen potato business.

I

Ferrero – producer of the Nutella spread – won on 2 June a court case against Dutch retailer Delhaize over its claims that its palm oil-free Choco spread was “healthier” and more environmentally friendly.

The ruling did not prevent Delhaize from claiming the health benefits, but the court found that an ad campaign launched by Delhaize in 2015 was “deceitful and misleading”, RetailDetail wrote on 6 June.

Saying its claims were “unverifiable and therefore not objective”, the Brussels Court of Appeals said Delhaize must immediately stop its campaign or risk a €250,000 fine (US$280,000).

Ferrero welcomed the court’s decision in a statement and said it represented a “significant step in contributing to the circulation of impartial information”.

Luca Bucchini, a food law expert and managing director

T

of Hylobates Consulting, told Confectionery News that the ruling sent a message that those looking to make palm oil-free claims had better be careful. “[They must make] sure that there is strong evidence for all of the claims, considering certified palm oil as a possible comparator. Certainly, the case shows that you can’t just shoot carelessly on palm oil,” he said.

Delhaize is a member of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, which prohibits its members from implying that removing palm oil is a preferable alternative to using sustainable palm oil, but the group has struggled to keep its members in line on this point.

he Swiss Farmers’ Union (SBV) has called on the country’s farmers to stop using palm oilbased supplements in dairy cattle feeds after the country’s public television company SRF revealed the practice on some Swiss farms.

SwissInfo.ch said on 31 May that SBV had traditionally opposed palm oil imports from Asia.

Using palm oil supplements in animal feed was not against any laws or regulations in Switzerland, but SBV had been lobbying against the practice in an effort to protect Swiss rapeseed production from being overtaken by cheaper palm oil imports.

But weeding out palm oil use might be easier said than done as, in 2016, Swiss farmers used around 5,000 tonnes of palm oilbased feed. Replacing this with rapeseed oil products would cost farmers an additional 1M Swiss francs (US$1.02M) annually, according to SwissInfo.ch.

New contraceptive ingredient discovered in olives

A

new contraceptive, harmless to both eggs and sperm, could be available within the next four years – and it is made from olives.

A recent study by researchers at the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California found that lupeol – a natural compound found in olives and plants such as mango, dandelion and aloe vera – acts as what the scientists called a “molecular condom”, wrote Olive Oil Times on 22 May. According to the research team, lupeol could be processed into a contraceptive that could be taken by members of either sex.

The female version that could be taken before or after intercourse could be commercially available in two years’ time, but men would have to wait four

years to be able reap the discovery’s benefits.

Lupeol could act as an emergency contraceptive and a “potentially safer morning after pill, regular Pill, and a future male contraceptive,” the study’s coauthor Polina Lishko told the Daily Mail.

The compound prevented sperm from performing their final “power kick”, which propels them to the egg, allowing them to penetrate the protective shell surrounding it.

The team found that the human sperm cell took five to six hours to mature after entering the female, giving lupeol ample time to get to work on the sperm.

Another benefit of lupeol was its effectiveness at “incredibly low concentrations”, which would make it a viable alternative to the Pill.

4 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

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BIOFUELS NEWS

Argentine, Indonesian biodiesel ‘harms US’

T

he US International Trade Commission (ITC) voted on 5 May to continue an anti-dumping investigation launched by US Department of Commerce (DoC) into Argentinian and Indonesian biodiesel imports.

The 5-0 vote, according to an ITC statement, came in the wake of the DoC initiating in late April an investigation into the imports after a complaint filed by trade organisation the National Biodiesel Board (NBB), alongside other industry players.

In the complaint, the NBB claimed that biodiesel imports from Argentina and Indonesia had surged by 464% from 2014 to 2016, taking 18.3% of market share from US manufacturers.

The ITC determined that there was “a reasonable indication” that the US industry was materially injured by biodiesel imports from Argentina and Indonesia that were allegedly subsidised and sold in the USA at a

IN BRIEF USA: US ethanol producer Poet is suing international engineering company Andritz for failing to deliver a functioning pre-treatment system for Poet’s Emmetsburg, Iowa, cellulosic ethanol plant.

Poet Design & Construction Inc hired Andritz in 2010 to design a system to pre-treat the corn stalk and husk biomass at the plant at an economically scalable level for the production of ethanol, Argus Media wrote on 28 April.

However, Poet alleged that the Austrian-headquartered group was “incapable” of providing the pre-treatment system and of operating it at a rate to meet commercial scalability, which the lawsuit claims prevented the plant “from producing cellulosic ethanol at a commercially scalable level”.

SINGAPORE: Singapore Airlines (SIA), together with the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS), has started a series of flights between Singapore and San Francisco, using used cooking oil-based bio-jet fuel.

The “green package” flights were the first in the world to combine the use of biofuels, the fuel-efficient Airbus A350900 aircraft and optimised flight operations, SIA said in a statement on 3 May. The used biofuel was produced by California, USAbased AltAir Fuels and supplied and delivered by SkyNRG.

“less than fair value”.

“The decision in our favour is an important next step for the US biodiesel producers suffering because of the flood of imports,” Anne Steckel, vice president of federal affairs at NBB told Reuters.

Ray Bradbury, president of risk management at agribusiness and biofuel company Archer Daniels Midland, also praised the ITC vote in a statement. “The facts clearly show that Argentina and Indonesia are engaging in unfair trade practices, and we are confident that duties will be imposed when the final decision is made,” he said.

The DoC now had to determine whether it would impose countervailing and anti-dumping duties. Its preliminary decision was due by 16 June but was now delayed until no later than 21 August, according to a notice in the Federal Register. t The NBB testified on 18 May in a public

hearing at the US Department of Commerce on the “significant trade deficits” with Indonesia and described the alleged harm caused by the increasing volumes of “unfairly traded” biodiesel imports.

NBB claimed that the trade deficit with Indonesia had reached US$13.2bn in 2016, a 20% increase since 2014, and that it was fuelled by increasing volumes of biodiesel imports from Indonesia.

“Between 2014 and 2016, the trade imbalance with respect to biodiesel has grown 95%,” Anne Steckel, vice president of federal affairs at NBB said at the hearing.

The Indonesian government employed “tactics that promote exports and violate US trade laws”, including levying high export taxes on crude palm oil, preferential financing from the Indonesian Export-Import Bank, and providing subsidies and tax incentives for biodiesel producers, the NBB alleged.

Australian biodiesel industry ‘crash’ Brazil sets new

C

onsumption of biofuels in Australia has been hit by a sixyear slump as motorists’ interest in the fuel keep decreasing and the government’s revival measures show little effect, according to an annual review by APAC Biofuel Consultants.

The ‘Australian Biofuels 2017’ report found that total annual consumption of fuel-grade ethanol in 2016 fell by more than 95M litres to its lowest level since the peak of 319M litres in 2010-2011.

The biodiesel industry in the country had “collapsed”, with supply falling by 92% from 442M litres in 2014-2015 to approximately 35M litres in 20152016.

The sharp decline in biodiesel consumption also caused the total demand for all biofuels to plunge by 63% to 255M litres in 2015-2016.

“Australian motorists have been shunning ethanol-blended fuel by switching to other grade fuels or seem unconvinced of the

benefits of E10 (10% ethanolpetrol blend),” said Mike Cochran, the report’s co-author and APAC Biofuel Consultants joint CEO. “But more startling, the report reveals the Australian biodiesel market is in freefall. For 2016, we estimate Australia’s biodiesel production/consumption to be around 15M litres, continuing the stunning decline of the industry,” he added.

The report said that between 2006 and 2015, the Australian government paid out AUS$1.35bn (US$1bn) in grants to the ethanol and biodiesel industries, but they had “little to show” for the expenditure.

“Domestically produced ethanol and biodiesel receive concessional excise rates, whereas the full standard excise rate is applicable to biodiesel and ethanol imports. Imposing the full excise rate on biodiesel imports in mid-2015 was the largest single factor contributing to the recent decline of the Australian biodiesel market,” Cochran said.

ethanol rules

B

razil is now requiring ethanol importers to comply with the same rules as domestic ethanol producers regarding stocks of supply, Platts reported on 16 May. The country’s National Council for Energy Policy proposed a rule in mid-April that would require importers to keep stocks of anhydrous ethanol at 25% in January of each year and 8% in March, based on the previous year’s sales.

The measure, which came into effect on 15 May, was aimed at protecting Brazilian domestic ethanol market from the recent increase of US imports, Platts wrote.

The original import rules were enacted to ensure a steady supply of anhydrous ethanol in Brazil during the intercrop season in central and southern Brazil in the aftermath of a supply disruption that forced the country to increase imports.

During 2017, Brazil had already imported more than 1bn litres of ethanol, Platts said.

Aemetis subsidiary signs two biodiesel supply agreements

U

niversal Biofuels, an Indian subsidiary of USAheadquartered biofuels company Aemetis, has won a US$6M contract in a public tender process to supply biodiesel to Indian government-owned oil marketing companies (OMCs).

The government in India was reviewing whether to approve sales of 100% biodiesel by producers to retail fuel stations, but OMCs were already approved to market blended biodiesel to railroads, bulk customers and retail stations, Aemetis said in a

statement on 10 May. The use of up to 100% biodiesel to blend or replace diesel fuel was approved in 2016 but, at the moment, producers were limited to sales directly to bulk customers, such as trucking companies and OMCs. On 25 May, Universal Biofuels also signed a threeyear bioduesel supply agreement with BP Singapore, UK petroleum giant BP’s regional trading arm, which had an expanding biofuels portfolio, Aemetis said.

6 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.oilsandfatsinternational.com

Biofuels News.indd 1

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BIOTECH NEWS

China to review US GM crop applications

C

hina has agreed to evaluate eight pending US agricultural biotechnology product applications in the aftermath of a meeting with US and Chinese Presidents Donald Trump and Xi Jinping.

According to the agreement, China’s National Biosafety Committee (NBC) was to “conduct science-based evaluations” of the pending applications “to assess the safety of the products for their intended use” by the end of May, a US Department of Commerce statement on 11 May read.

The terms of the deal prohibited China from requesting any “additional information

IN BRIEF BRAZIL: A movement advocating replacement of genetically modified (GM) soyabeans with conventional strains is growing in support in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, Reuters reported on 11 May. More than 96% of the soyabean harvest in Mato Grosso – Brazil’s largest soyaproducing state – originate from GM varieties.

Winton Mendes, coordinator of a conventional seed promotion programme run

by Brazilian government agri research agency Embrapa, said that the push for non-GM seeds was fuelled partially by health concerns.

Mendes told Reuters that Mato Grosso’s drive to plant more conventional soya was backed by three trading firms, which paid a 12 real (US$3.67) per 60kg premium for non-GM soya this season.

CANADA: A bill that would have made labelling of GMOcontaining foods mandatory in Canada was voted down by an overwhelming majority in the country’s parliament on 17 May. Members of Parliament voted 216-67 against the private members bill C-291, which was introduced by MP PierreLuc Dusseault of the New Democratic Party (NDP).

The bill would have amended the Canadian Food and Drugs Act so that “no person shall sell any food that is genetically modified unless its label contains information … to prevent the purchaser or the consumer of the food from being deceived or misled in respect of its composition”.

unrelated to safety assessment for intended use” from the applicants, and should any application be disqualified, China had to provide a complete list of information necessary to complete the assessment.

The agreement could potentially open the door for US companies such as Dow AgroSciences, DuPont Pioneer, Monsanto and Syngenta to enter the Chinese market, Chemical & Engineering News reported on 18 May. Dow was seeking approval for its genetically modified (GM) corn and soyabean seeds, while Syngenta and DuPont were aiming to export

their GM corn varieties to China.

Monsanto had submitted four of the eight pending applications, including herbicidetolerant corn and soyabeans, and two alfalfa varieties.

US officials had been lobbying for China to speed up its lengthy approval processes for GM crops for several years, as it had typically taken China six years to grant clearance, which was twice as long as most other major countries, Chemical & Engineering News wrote.

At the time of printing, no report had been released on what decisions China had made regarding the applications.

Bayer agrees to sell Liberty crop protection brands

B

ayer AG, the German multinational chemical, pharmaceutical and life sciences company, has announced it will divest its Liberty crop protection brands globally to receive approval from South Africa for its merger with Monsanto.

Included in the divestments were the Liberty herbicide and Liberty Link-branded seeds businesses, Reuters reported on 8 May. “Bayer has agreed to these conditions and is evaluating how best to execute the imposed

divestiture,” the company said in a statement.

The Competition Commission of South Africa said it was concerned that the merger of Bayer and Monsanto would eliminate competition in crop protection, as the companies would form a monopoly, the commission said in a 7 May statement.

According to Reuters, this marked the first time Bayer had acknowledged it had to sell the Liberty brands that compete with Monsanto’s Roundup weedkiller

and Roundup Ready seeds, which include corn, soyabean, canola, cotton, sugarbeet and alfalfa seeds engineered to be resistant to glyphosate herbicide.

Similar divestitures were expected to be imposed by other jurisdictions from whom Bayer was still awaiting an answer, such as the USA and the EU. Bayer and Monsanto began the process of selling US$2.5bn worth of assets in March 2017 in order to seek regulatory clearance for their US$66bn merger, Reuters wrote.

Dow-DuPont merger moves forward Shareholders rice crops for five years after the he expected merger of DuPont at Syngenta closing of the merger. and the Dow Chemical TCompany “China is a critical market for is moving forward as accept offer both Dow and DuPont and will more countries have granted their regulatory approvals to the firms.

China’s Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) granted conditional approval for the projected August merger of DuPont and the Dow Chemical Company, the firms announced on 2 May. The MOFCOM approval was conditional on Dow and DuPont fulfilling commitments to divest parts of DuPont’s crop protection portfolio and R&D pipeline along with Dow’s global ethylene acrylic acid copolymers and ionomers business.

The divestments were consistent with those the companies had already made to receive the European Commission’s regulatory approval earlier in March, DuPont said in a statement.

Additionally, the companies made commitments related to the supply and distribution in China of certain herbicide and insecticide ingredients and formulations for

be for the three independent companies that will be created following the merger,” DuPont said.

Brazil has also followed suit, as Reuters reported on 5 May that the country’s antitrust regulator Cade had given the merger conditional approval with the companies’ planned asset sales.

DuPont said in a 17 May statement that the approval hinged on the divestment of Dow AgroScience’s corn seed business in Brazil, a copy of the company’s Brazilian germplasm bank, the Morgan brand and a license for the use of the Dow Seeds brand for a “certain period of time”.

The merger was still awaiting approvals in the USA, Australia and Canada. The companies expect to close their merger between 1 August and 1 September 2017, with intended spinoffs scheduled to take place within 18 months of merging.

T

he shareholders of Swiss pesticide and seeds maker Syngenta accepted on 5 May China’s National Chemical Corporation (ChemChina)’s US$43bn takeover offer after tendering the required amount of shares.

Based on preliminary numbers, Syngenta had tendered 80.7% of its shares, which was well above the 67% minimum acceptance rate condition for the approval.

Syngenta CEO Erik Frywald described the fulfilment of the tendering condition as a “historic day for Syngenta and truly a great day for our shareholders, for our employees, our customers and for ChemChina” to CNBC. The deal was conditionally approved in April by both the USA and the EU pending asset divestments, the Agri-Pulse news site wrote.

Syngenta said the merger was projected to close by early June.

8 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.oilsandfatsinternational.com

Biotech News.indd 1

09/06/2017 15:07

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TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS NEWS

Glencore Agri acquires feed supplier Mercury

G

lencore Agriculture UK – Anglo-Swiss commodity trading and mining giant Glencore’s UK agribusiness – has acquired all the assets of UK animal feed product supplier Mercury Commodities, the firm announced on 18 April.

Included in the acquisition of Mercury, which had for 18 months been the sole agent supplying Glencore with soyabeans in the UK, were all workforce assets and Mercury’s deepwater terminal and storage facilities on the Isle of Portland.

The Portland site would be Glencore Agriculture UK’s first wholly-owned portside facility and would open the doors for the

IN BRIEF RUSSIA: Global agricultural trader Louis Dreyfus Company (LDC)’s Vostok subsidiary inaugurated a new grain terminal on 2 May in Rostov Oblast, southwest Russia.

The terminal, located on a 20ha plot in the Azov district on the River Don, was developed in partnership with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).

To be used for the transhipment of grain on sea-river vessels, it included two berths and 10 silos with a total storage capacity of 50,000 tonnes and an initial annual export capacity of 800,000 tonnes, LDC said in a statement.

“The Azov facility is LDC’s first terminal in Russia, alongside our five offices and 10 inland silos, and brings our total storage capacity in the country to over 1M tonnes,” said David Ohayon, senior head of grains and value chain platforms and head of the EMEA region at LDC. USA: Tank storage company Vopak Americas has awarded a contract to industrial engineering firm Matrix Service Co to install new biofuel storage capacity at its Deer Park terminal in Texas.

Announced on 21 March, the agreement includes the engineering, fabrication and construction 10 tanks, or about 138,000m3, of biodiesel and ethanol product capacity and related infrastructure to the terminal, located on the Houston Ship Channel.

The project began in December 2016 and is scheduled for completion by the first quarter of 2019.

import of animal feeds from the company’s global crop processing facilities, said Glencore Agriculture UK managing director James Maw. “We are looking to further invest and extend the site’s capacity and capability, alongside expanding the import arrangements at Teesport and other ports to supply the UK’s major livestock areas,” said Maw. Maw added that the existing 50,000 tonnes of modern storage and handling facilities at Portland also offered a “highly responsive export route for arable farmers” in the south of England.

“With uncertainty over the future of export opportunities and international markets, we

can seek to connect and enhance domestic consumption for arable grain, oilseeds and protein crops, to supply a productive and viable livestock sector,” he said.

“The move will secure and fulfil UK demand, as well as exploit any export opportunity to improve returns on UK farmers.”

In October 2016, Glencore Grain, a subsidiary of Glencore, announced the launch of an animal feed products marketing business in the UK. Glencore Grain has been trading since 1969 and has 180,000 employees at more than 150 locations. In 2014, the company generated a total turnover of US$224bn and had total assets of US$152bn.

Biofuel throughput at Port of Rotterdam grows 6%

B

iofuel throughput at the Port of Rotterdam grew more than 6% in 2016, with the total volume increasing from 4.5M tonnes in 2015 to nearly 4.8M tonnes.

The growth was brought on by the biodiesel segment, which increased 23% from a total of 2.8M tonnes in 2015 to 3.45M tonnes in 2016, the port reported on 2 May. Half of the biodiesel supply entering the Port of Rotterdam came from Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia, with another major region of origin being Spain, which accounted for close to 25% of the throughput.

The primary EU destination for biodiesel was Sweden, which took in nearly 19% of outbound shipments, the port said.

In contrast, ethanol and ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) volumes fell by 12% and 44% respectively, ethanol from 1.21M tonnes to 1.06M tonnes and ETBE from 500,000 tonnes to 280,000 tonnes.

The port said the “modest decrease” in ethanol

throughput may have been a consequence of the continuing development of the intra-European ethanol market, which had led to a reduced demand for ethanol from outside suppliers.

Ethanol arriving at the Port of Rotterdam from overseas came from the UK (13%), Peru and the USA (12% each), Venezuela (11%) and Sweden and Guatemala (10% each), with the main export destinations being the UK, which took in 55% of output, and Sweden at 18%.

ADM completes Santos expansion Viterra Inc buys

A

gribusiness giant ADM completed an expansion project at its Port of Santos export terminal in São Paulo, Brazil on 22 May. The 280M real (US$85M) enhancement works increased the port facility’s annual handling capacity from 6M tonnes to 8M tonnes and storage capacity from 172,000 tonnes to 194,000 tonnes, in addition to adding a second ship loading line and a fourth truck unloading station, ADM said. The facility’s environmental controls were also upgraded, reducing dust particle emissions by 80% through the use of technology improving the flow and storage of grain.

“Our upgraded terminal allows us to connect Brazilian grain markets more efficiently while setting the industry benchmark for sustainable operations,” said ADM South America president Scott Fredericksen.

Reuters wrote on 19 May that recent changes in Brazilian port legislation had extended operating licenses in an attempt to attract private investment into the country.

ADM was also evaluating improvements to rail infrastructure around the port area in collaboration with other operators, but any further decisions would depend on how the Brazilian government applied its new legislation, according to Reuters.

ADM’s original concession at the Port of Santos began in 1997 and its contract to move grains – including soyabean and corn – was extended two years ago to run until 2037.

The Reuters report also said ADM was expanding capacity at its Barcarena terminal in Pará state by four-fold to 6M tonnes, with works scheduled to be completed by June. The terminal is a 50-50 joint venture with Glencore.

Gavilon assets

L

eading Canadian grain handler Viterra Inc has acquired US commodity management firm Gavilon Grain’s grain handling assets in North Dakota, USA, World-Grain.com wrote on 2 May. The Grand Forks facility had a capacity to store about 140,000 tonnes of grain and could load up to 100 railcars.

Viterra was planning a number of immediate capital upgrades to the site, wrote World-Grain.com.

Viterra is part of Anglo-Swiss commodity trading giant Glencore.

It handles, processes, distributes and transports grains and oilseeds. It also operates a canola and soya processing and refining plant in Quebec and a canola processing plant in Manitoba.

Gavilon distributes grain and oilseed products such as cotton seed, soyabeans, canola and corn.

10 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

Transport News.indd 1

09/06/2017 15:08

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11 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

R E N E WA B L E M AT E R I A L S N E W S

IN BRIEF USA: US renewable chemicals and advanced biofuels company Gevo Inc announced on 4 May that it has agreed to supply HCS Holding GmbH (HCS) with renewable isooctane under a five-year offtake agreement.

HCS is a global supplier of hydrocarbon specialty products and its subsidiary, Haltermann Carless, is expected to be the direct customer with Gevo under the deal.

In the first phase of the agreement due to start in May, HCS will buy isooctane produced at Gevo’s demonstration hydrocarbon plant in Texas.

This will continue until Gevo completes its first large-scale commercial hydrocarbon plant, expected to be built at its existing isobutanol production facility in Luverne, Minnesota.

In the second phase, HCS has agreed to purchase 300,000 gallons/year of isooctane with an option to buy an additional 100,000 gallons/year. Gevo will supply this from its first commercial hydrocarbon facility.

Gevo said this would represent about 10-15% of the isooctane production from its expanded Luverne plant.

USA: Dutch life and material sciences company Royal DSM has agreed to invest US$25M in US industrial biotech firm Amyris Inc and to work together to develop products for the global health and nutrition markets, the companies said on 8 May. Amyris engineers yeast strains to convert plant sugars into hydrocarbon molecules to produce speciality ingredients for markets including speciality chemicals, flavours and fragrances, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. It has developed products such as artemisinin, an anti-malarial drug; sugarcane-derived squalene for the cosmetics industry; and sugarcane-based farnesene for renewable base oils and lubricants.

The companies have agreed to focus on a number of short- to medium-term projects in vitamins and other nutritional ingredients and DSM may also invest an additional US$25M in Amyris.

Royal DSM operates in a wide markets including food and dietary supplements, personal care and bio-based materials.

Huntsman and Clariant to join forces in US$20bn agreement

U

S chemical company and surfactant producer Huntsman Corporation and Swiss specialty chemicals firm Clariant AG signed an agreement on 22 May to combine their operations in a merger of equals.

The new company, to be called HuntsmanClariant, would have a combined enterprise value of approximately US$20bn with which to tackle a challenging chemicals market environment.

Together, the companies were set to operate in more than 100 countries, employ about 32,000 people and generate more than US$13bn in revenue, reported MarketWatch.

Clariant shareholders would own 52% and Huntsman 48% of the new company, with equal representation in the board of directors.

Peter Huntsman, CEO of Huntsman, would assume the position of CEO, while Clariant CEO Hariolf Kottmann would become chair of the board.

“This is the perfect deal at the right,” Kottman said in a statement, adding that he and Huntsman

shared the “same strategic vision”.

The merger transaction was projected to close the end of 2017, subject to shareholder and regulatory approvals and other closing conditions.

In the edible oils sector, Huntsman supplies the home and personal care industries with surfactants based on renewable oils, including products such as castor oil ethoxylates, fatty acid alkanolamides, fatty alcohol alkoxylates, lauryl alcohol ethoxylates, stearic acid ethoxylates, tall oil fatty acid ethoxylates, tallow amine ethoxylates and fatty alcohol sulphates.

Clariant supplies the edible oil industry with its Tonsil brand bleaching earth. In April, it announced the opening of new bleaching earth production plants in Bahkesir, Turkey, and Gresik, Indonesia (see p22).

MarketWatch wrote that this latest deal was in response to the global chemical industry facing a struggling market, which had prompted a number of other large-scale mergers, including those between Bayer and Monsanto, Dow and DuPont, and ChemChina and Syngenta.

BASF launches linseed-based cosmetic ingredient

A

new anti-ageing active ingredient from linseed has been developed by German chemical producer BASF’s R&D department for bio-actives, together with the University of Reims and its Technology Transfer Office SATT Nord.

According to a BASF statement on 4 April, Oligolin – a hydrolysed linseed extract concentrated in oligosaccharides

– is manufactured from French flaxseed and has received approval according to the COSMOS standard for organic and natural cosmetics.

Oligolin could be coldprocessed at room temperature and was suitable for use in cosmetic products such as face creams, moisturising and firming serum treatments and multifunctional rejuvenating

cures, the company said.

Describing Oligolin’s effects, BASF said it enhanced the buildup of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that were part of the connective tissue and inhibited the expression of the hyaluronidase and heparanase enzymes.

BASF’s Care Chemicals division is a leading supplier to the cosmetics, detergents and cleaning industries.

New waxes and emollients plant Safic-Alcan buys

G

erman chemical manufacturer BASF’s Care Chemicals Division inaugurated a new plant producing emollients and waxes in China on 2 June.

The CNY150M (US$22M) plant – located in Jinshan, Shanghai – is the company’s largest investment in emollients in Asia Pacific and complements BASF’s current production of wax esters, emulsifiers and primary surfactants in Jinshan.

“The new plant can cater for production requiring different levels of high temperature reactions, thus producing a wide variety of product types.

Manufacturers of skin and hair care, sun protection and other personal care products will benefit from the expanded capacity,” BASF said.

BASF currently produces wax

esters, emulsifiers and primary surfactants for make-up, sun protection and skin, hair, baby, child and oral care applications at Jinshan, some of which are derived from natural feedstocks, including palm kernel oil (PKO).

The PKO was RSPO-certified, offering customers the opportunity to switch to sustainable ingredients, BASF said.

“Producing RSPO-certified products is one of the key steps in meeting our customers’ sustainability needs,” said Sergey Andreev, senior vice president at BASF Care Chemicals Asia Pacific.

According to data from the Chinese National Statistics Bureau, China was the second largest personal care market behind the USA, with the cosmetics retail sector expanding at an annual growth rate of 13.5%.

Polish distributor

S

peciality chemicals distributor Safic-Alcan Poland announced on 28 April that it had acquired Cosmetics Partner, a Polish distributor in the personal care sector supplying natural ingredients including essential oils, vegetable oils and butters.

“The acquisition will enable us to diversify our range of personal care ingredients and to widen our portfolio offering in Poland,” said Safic-Alcan.

Cosmetics Partners is the exclusive Polish distributor for Greentech, Inovia and other leading boutique suppliers.

Safic-Alcan Poland is a subsidiary of the French SaficAlcan Group, covering markets such as rubber, adhesives, plastics, paints and cosmetics and pharmaceuticals ingredients.

12 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

Renewable News.indd 1

09/06/2017 15:08

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DIARY OF EVEN TS

18-23 JUNE 2017 FOSFA Middle Managers Course VENUE: Royal Holloway, University of London, UK CONTACT: FOSFA International, UK Tel: +44 207 374 2346 E-mail: amy.morrell@fosfa.org Website: www.fosfa.org/events/ middle-managers-course/

28-29 JUNE 2017 Oleofuels 2017 VENUE: Kraków, Poland CONTACT: Marta Kielerska, ACI, Poland Tel: +48 61 6467058 E-mail: mkielerska@acieu.net Website: www.wplgroup.com/aci/event/ oleofuels/

2-5 JULY 2017 8 European Symposium on Plant Lipids VENUE: Scandic Hotel Triangeln Malmö, Sweden CONTACT: Eurofedlipid, Germany Tel: +49 69 7917 345 E-mail: amoneit@eurofedlipid.org Website: www.eurofedlipid.org/meetings/ malmoe2017/index.php th

11 JULY 2017 23 MPOB Transfer of Technology Seminar and Exhibition 2017 VENUE: Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) Head Office, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia CONTACT: HRD & Conference Management Unit, MPOB, Malaysia.

Rubaah Masri, Tel: +60 3 87694567 E-mail: rubaah@mpob.gov.my or Salmah Hussin, Tel: +60 3 87694873 E-mail: salma@mpob.gov.my Website: www.mpob.gov.my/en/events/ conferences-seminars/28233-23rd-mpobtransfer-of-technology-seminar-2017-11july-2017 rd

12-13 JULY 2017 14 Oleochem Outlook 2017 LOCATION: Nanjing, China CONTACT: Amy Shen, Enmore, China Tel: +86 21 5155 1208 E-mail: shenchuan@enmore.com Website: www.en.enmorebiz.com/ Chemical/101412.html th

31 JULY - 1 AUGUST 2017 PINC 2017 LOCATION: Le Méridien, Putrajaya, Malaysia CONTACT: Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC) E-mail: pinc2017@mpoc.org.my Website: www.mpoc.org.my/Palm_ International_Nutra-Cosmeceutical_ Conference_(PINC)_2017.aspx

12-13 SEPTEMBER 2017

27-30 AUGUST 2017 15 Eurofedlipid Congress VENUE: Uppsala Konsert & Kongress Uppsala, Sweden CONTACT: Eurofedlipid, Germany Tel: +49 69 79 17 533 Fax: +49 69 79 17 564 E-mail: info@eurofedlipid.org Website: www.eurofedlipid.org/meetings/ uppsala2017/index.php th

Novel Technologies in Oilseed Processing, Edible Oil Refining and Oil Modification VENUE: ICM International Congress Center, Munich, Germany CONTACT: ID&A Ignace Debruyne & Associates VOF, Belgium Tel: +32 51 311 274 E-mail: info@smartshortcourses.com Website: www.smartshortcourses.com/ oilprocess18/program.html

30 AUGUST 2017 Enzyme Technology in Oilseeds, Oils & Fats Processing and Transformation VENUE: Park Inn Hotel, Uppsala, Sweden CONTACT: ID&A Ignace Debruyne & Associates VOF, Belgium Tel: +32 51 311 274 E-mail: info@smartshortcourses.com Website: www.smartshortcourses.com/ lipidenzymes2/program.html

3-8 SEPTEMBER 2017 FOSFA Basic Introductory Course VENUE: Royal Holloway, University of London, UK CONTACT: FOSFA International, UK Tel: +44 207 374 2346 E-mail: amy.morrell@fosfa.org Website: www.fosfa.org/events/ basic-introductory-course/

5-6 SEPTEMBER 2017 4th High Oleic Oils International Congress VENUE: Bucharest, Romania CONTACT: FAT & Associés, France Tel: +33 567 339 206 Fax: +33 567 339 203 Website: www.higholeicmarket.com/ hoc-2017/

11-14 SEPTEMBER 2017 17 AOCS Latin American Congress and Exhibition on Fats and Oils VENUE: Grand Fiesta Americana Coral Beach Hotel, Cancun, Mexico CONTACT: AOCS Meetings Department, USA Tel: +1 2176934821 Fax: +1 2176934865 E-mail: meetings@aocs.org Website: www.annualmeeting.aocs.org th

11-15 SEPTEMBER 2017 oils+fats International Trade Fair for Technology and Innovations VENUE: Messe München, Munich, Germany CONTACT: Messe München, Germany Tel: +49 89 94911328 E-mail: info@oils-and-fats.com Website: www.oils-and-fats.com/index-2.html

13-15 SEPTEMBER 2017 Globoil India 2017 VENUE: Renaissance Mumbai Convention Centre Hotel, India CONTACT: Tefla’s, India Tel: +91 9820990012 E-mail: teflas@gmail.com; events@teflas.com Website: www.globoilindia.com/

19 SEPTEMBER 2017 Black Sea Oil Trade VENUE: Hilton Kyiv, Ukraine CONTACT: UkrAgroConsult, Ukraine Tel: +38 44 451 46 34 Fax: +38 44 451 46 34 Email: conference@ukragroconsult.org Website: www.ukragroconsult.com/bso/2017/ en/conference

22-23 SEPTEMBER 2017 1 Indian Surfactants Conference VENUE: Mumbai, India CONTACT: ICIS, UK. Inara Mironova, senior conference producer, ICIS, UK Tel: +44 20 7911 3134 E-mail: inara.mironova@icis.com Website: www.icisconference.com/ indiansurfactants2017 st

3-5 OCTOBER 2017 PALMEX Indonesia VENUE: Santika Premiere Dyandra Hotel & Convention Centre, North Sumatra, Indonesia CONTACT: PT Fireworks Indonesia Tel: +62 21 2605 1028 / +62 21 2605 1029 E-mail: info@asiafireworks.com Website: www.palmoilexpo.com/

4 OCTOBER 2017 Global Oils and Fats Forum (GOFF) 2017 VENUE: Washington DC, USA CONTACT: Haznita Husin or Mohd Izham Hassan, Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC) E-mail: haznita@americanpalmoil.com; izham@ mpoc.org.my Website: www.mpoc.org.my/Palm_Oil_Trade_ Fair_and_Seminar_(POTS)_2017.aspx

14 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

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D IARY OF EVEN TS

4-5 OCTOBER 2017 Biofuels International Conference & Expo VENUE: Sheraton Grand Hotel & Spa, Edinburgh, UK CONTACT: Woodcote Media Tel: +44 20 8687 4138 E-mail: tracy@biofuels-news.com Website: www.biofuels-news.com/conference/

12-13 OCTOBER 2017 57th European Commodities Exchange 2017 VENUE: Tour & Taxis, Brussels, Belgium CONTACT: Brussels Commodity Exchange Commission, Belgium Tel: +32 25 121 550 E-mail: info@brusselsehandelsbeurs.be Website: www.ece-brussels2017.com

17-19 OCTOBER 2017 Argus Biofuels Conference 2017 VENUE: Jumeirah Carlton Tower, London, UK CONTACT: Argus Media, UK Tel: +44 20 7780 4341 E-mail: biofconf@argusmedia.com Website: www.argusmedia.com/events/argusevents/europe/argus-euro-biofuels/home/

23 OCTOBER 2017 Malaysia-Ghana Palm Oil Trade Fair & Seminar (POTS) 2017 VENUE: Accra, Ghana CONTACT: Kamal Azmi or Nor Iskahar Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC) E-mail: kazmi@mpoc.org.za iskahar@mpoc.org.my Website: www.mpoc.org.my/Palm_Oil_Trade_ Fair_and_Seminar_(POTS)_2017.aspx

23-27 OCTOBER 2017 National Renderers Association 84th Annual Convention VENUE: Ritz-Carlton, San Juan, Puerto Rico CONTACT: Marty Covert, NRA, USA Tel: +1 703 683 0155 E-mail: co@martycovert.com Website: www.nationalrenderers.org/events/ calendar

www.sepigel.es

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1-3 NOVEMBER 2017

24-25 OCTOBER 2017 11th ICIS World Oleochemical Conference VENUE: Barcelona, Spain CONTACT: ICIS, UK Tel: +44 20 8652 3887 E-mail: events.registration@icis.com Website: www.icisconference.com/ worldoleochemicals17

25-26 OCTOBER 2017 Bulk Liquid Storage 2017 VENUE: Dubrovnik, Croatia CONTACT: Cheryl Williams, Active Communications International Tel: +44 203 141 0623 E-mail: cwilliams@acieu.net Website: www.wplgroup.com/aci/event/ european-bulk-liquid-storage/

29 OCT - 1 NOV 2017 Algae Biomass Summit VENUE: Grand America Hotel, Salt Lake City, USA CONTACT: Algae Biomass Organization, USA Tel: +1 877 531 5512 E-mail: info@algaebiomass.org Website: www.algaebiomasssummit.org

30-31 OCTOBER 2017 9th International Symposium on Deep-Fat Frying VENUE: Shanghai, China CONTACT: Chinese Cereals and Oils Association (CCOA) Tel: +86 106 835 7511 E-mail: wcf@ccoaonline.com Website: www.eurofedlipid.org/meetings/ shanghai2017/index.php

31 OCTOBER 2017 FOSFA Annual Dinner VENUE: Hilton Antwerp Old Town, Belgium CONTACT: FOSFA International, UK Tel: +44 207 374 2346 E-mail: gemma.hale@fosfa.org Website: www.fosfa.org/

12 Indonesian Palm Oil Conference (IPOC) and 2017 Price Outlook VENUE: The Westin Resort Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia CONTACT: IPOC Secretatiat, Indonesia Tel: +62 21 57943852 E-mail: info@gapkiconference.org Website: www.gapkiconference.org/ th

14-16 NOVEMBER 2017 PIPOC 2017 VENUE: Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia CONTACT: Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) E-mail: pipoc2017@mpob.gov.my Website: http://pipoc.mpob.gov.my

17-18 NOVEMBER 2017 PORAM Annual Forum, Dinner, Golf Challenge VENUE: One World Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia CONTACT: The Palm Oil Refiners Association of Malaysia (PORAM) Tel: +603 7492 0006 E-mail: info@poram.org.my Website: www.poram.org.my/p/

7-8 DECEMBER 2017 Fats & Oils Istanbul/Feeds & Grains Istanbul 2017 VENUE: InterContinental Hotel, Istanbul, Turkey CONTACT: Agripro, Turkey Tel: +90 212 236 0345 E-mail: info@fatsandoilsistanbul.com.tr info@agripro.com.tr Website: www.fatsandoilsistanbul.com.tr

For a full listing of oils and fats industry events, visit our website online at: www.ofimagazine.com

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15 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

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BLEAC H IN G EAR TH S

Making use of the used Bleaching earths are essential for certain oil processing applications, but they have traditionally posed problems, including a fire risk, after use. Patrick Howes explores possible uses for spent bleaching earths

B

leaching earths are the most important processing aid utilised in the refining of edible oils. The handling, disposal, and use of the spent bleaching earth has historically been considered problematic.

The main issues are the potential for spontaneous combustion of the spent bleaching earth (SBE), and the leaking of entrained oily materials from the SBE into ground water at landfill sites.

According to the Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC), global edible oil production in 2014 was 199.75M tonnes. For an average bleaching earth consumption of 0.5% of the weight of the oil, this would equate to at least one million tonnes per annum of spent bleaching earth. There are three main factors driving an increasing supply of spent bleaching earth, two of which are population-related and the third is related to refining technology.

The annual consumption of edible oil is increasing with the growing global population and increasing per capita consumption of edible oils in developing countries. There is also increasing utilisation of physical refining technology to reduce the volume of liquid effluents, as compared with the traditional chemical refining technology. In

physical refining, the bleaching earth has a larger role to play and a greater quantity of bleaching earth is therefore required.

Over the next few years, global production of spent bleaching earth is forecast to increase by about 3% annually. It is therefore important that spent bleaching earth is utilised in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way.

What are bleaching earths?

Bleaching earths are mainly alumino-silicate minerals, such as attapulgites, bentonites and sepiolites, in their natural or acid-leached forms.

They have absorption, adsorption, catalytic and ionexchange properties that enable this single material to effectively remove undesirable impurities such as soaps, gums, pigments, oxidised materials and metals from the oils being refined.

Bleaching earths are normally supplied in a powdered form. At the refinery, the bleaching earth is mixed with the pre-treated oil to form a slurry, which is typically maintained at temperatures of about 100˚C for approximately 30 minutes under partial vacuum with mechanical or steam-sparging

agitation. The SBE is then separated from the “bleached oil”, usually with pressure leaf filters.

The SBE formed on the filters is blown with air and/or steam to remove part of the entrained oil, leaving a mostly dry spent earth filter cake that is discharged from the filters into a dumpster. At this stage, the SBE is a loose powder, possibly with some oily lumps (especially if the filters are not operated correctly).

Spontaneous combustion The risk of fire from spontaneous combustion is associated with residual oil content and particularly the level of easily oxidised unsaturated oils remaining in the SBE. The bleaching earth type, temperature and the age of the SBE are also important factors. Higher levels of unsaturated, particularly polyunsaturated oils, higher SBE temperatures and higher acidity bleaching earths and acidic-activated carbons, due to their catalytic activity and high surface area, increase the risks of spontaneous combustion.

Blowing with steam alone is the preferred method for reducing the amount of oil in the SBE v

16 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.oilsandfatsinternational.com

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BLEAC H IN G EAR TH S

v while the filter cake is still in the pressure leaf filter as steam is free of oxygen. Blowing with air is normally the cheaper option as compared to steam, but air-blowing should be avoided as it introduces oxygen to the SBE, increasing the potential risk of fire within the filters, in the dumpster, and whilst transporting the SBE for disposal or future treatment.

Reducing the risk of spontaneous combustion can be achieved by lowering the temperature of the SBE, by adding retardants such as water, lime and salt, and by reducing exposure to air. To reduce the risk of spontaneous combustion, water may be sprayed onto the SBE in the dumpster after each press batch is discharged. However, water adds weight to the SBE, resulting in higher transportation costs.

Fire-proof dumpsters are recommended and closing the lid on the dumpster will help reduce the contact of air with the SBE. The SBE should be transported or further processed within 24 hours of generation.

Classification of SBEs Before we can proceed to consider appropriate uses of SBEs, it is important to classify and separate the different types of SBEs that are generated at refineries. The types of SBEs are broadly classified as natural materials, acid-leached materials, SBE with activated carbons, and SBE from posthydrogenation bleaching (which may contain substances such as nickel).

The classification and separation of different SBEs is important to ensure that any harmful levels of impurities that have been removed from the oil by the bleaching earth – such as dioxins, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides and transition metals – do not enter the food chain.

The EU vegetable oil and protein meal industry association (FEDIOL)’s declaration on safety of used bleaching earth and used filter aid in meal feed and expellers (see 13SAF195 for details) notes that SBEs which have been used for refining vegetable fats subject to hydrogenation or containing activated carbon are not allowed to be added to oilseed meals.

Uses of oily SBEs SBEs can be utilised either in the oily form as generated or after de-oiling has occurred. SBEs typically contain between 20-40% of oily matter, depending on the type of bleaching earth used, the type of oil being processed, the filtration conditions and the period of steam blowing at the pressure leaf filter. After de-oiling, the residual oil content is about 2%.

Historically, SBE that is not utilised at the refinery would most likely be transported for disposal at a landfill site. SBE has also historically been utilised beneficially for soil enrichment at farmlands. It has been reported that in warm climates, 60-90% of the oil can be decomposed by soil bacteria within six months, improving plant growth.

The calorific value of SBE is similar to that of lignite coals and it can thus be used as a fuel, particularly when mixed with other solid fuels.

Cement producers can utilise all classes of SBE as a fuel, and the SBE ash acts as a pozzolant, which provides beneficial properties to the cement.

Oil-containing SBEs conforming to FEDIOL

BLEACHING EARTHS ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT PROCESSING AID UTILISED IN THE REFINING OF EDIBLE OILS

requirements can be used as an extrusion aid for oilseed extraction or for direct addition to meal, where the entrained oil adds value to the meal. This usage of SBE is limited by the allowable ash content of the meal, as the mineral component of the SBE contributes to the ash content.

There are patented processes in use where SBE is blended with fire retardant materials and binders to provide feed additives for poultry and livestock. One patent on “salt lick” products uses about 45% salt and 10% binder blended with SBE before forming it into granules, pellets or blocks. This formulation and forming process may be carried out at the refinery, thereby utilising the properties of salt to eliminate the risk of spontaneous combustion. The formed products are reported to be beneficial for the health of the animals that consume them with respect to muscle mass and a glistening coat for cattle.

Another patented formulation uses fine particles of hydrated lime or limestone at a dosage of about 5% of the SBE, where they act both as the combustion suppressant and binder. The product finds use as a poultry and livestock feed additive.

De-oiled SBE There are a number of processes, such as hexane extraction, for recovering oil from SBE. The

extracted oil may be further purified by using activated carbons and/or bleaching earths.

Depending on the quality of the extracted oil, it may be profitably used in the manufacture of soap, biodiesel, lubricants and other products.

Annually, about 250,000 tonnes of oil can be recovered from 1M tonnes of SBE. Once the oil has been extracted, the residual oil content is only about 2%. The de-oiled SBE, being an alumino silicate, acts as a pozzolant and can be beneficially utilised in the formulation of cementaceous products, including grouts, cement bricks, and soilcement-polymer road systems, where it reduces the need for Portland cement.

Conclusions It has been shown that with correct processing and handling procedures, the risk of spontaneous combustion of SBEs can be eliminated. There are beneficial uses for all classes of SBE, which eliminate the need for disposal at landfill sites.

With the forecast continued growth of SBE production, refiners must select the most appropriate, safe and environmentally friendly options for handling and utilisation of the SBE generated in their refineries. w Dr Patrick Howes is the technical director at Natural Bleach Sdn Bhd, Malaysia

18 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.oilsandfatsinternational.com

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BLEAC H IN G EAR TH S

PHOTO: ADOBE STOCK

Moving from waste to feed

One potential application for the 500,000 tonnes of spent bleaching earth produced by the edible oil industry every year is to add salt and turn the mixture into an animal feed ingredient.

Norman Smallwood writes

S

imple solutions for perplexing problems do not always come easy. The edible oil processing industry has grappled for over 100 years to find a profitable use for spent bleaching earth, and success has been elusive. Bleaching is an essential step in the edible oil processing scheme. To remove the colour pigments and some impurities from edible oil, bleaching earths or clays are added to adsorb the undesirable components and are subsequently removed by filtration.

Annual global consumption of vegetable oil is about 210M tonnes. On the basis of a conservative estimate, the average bleaching earth usage is 0.3% by weight of the vegetable oil consumed, equating to around 660M pounds (300,000 tonnes)/ year.

The average retention of vegetable oil in spent bleaching earth is about 40% by weight, with an annual generation of spent bleaching earth of around 1.1bn pounds (500,000 tonnes)/year – (this equals the bleaching earth used plus the retained oil). On an ideal or near ideal operating basis, the retention could be in a range of 20 to 30%.

Realistically, this is achieved by only the few highlydisciplined processors.

Spent bleaching earth is subject to spontaneous combustion within a few hours after discharge from the filters, and handling and disposing of it is a fire risk and subject to environmental regulation. There is also a significant cost due to the value of the oil that is lost. The entrained oil in spent bleaching

earth is in the form of a thin film covering the enormous surface area of the clay crystals. The residual thin film of oil oxidises rapidly when exposed to air and sufficient heat is generated from the oil oxidation reaction to ignite and burn rapidly.

With some exceptions, the dominant disposal method is to bury the spent bleaching earth at a solid waste disposal site. The US Department of Transportation regulations limit hauling spent bleaching earth on public roadways to a 24-hour maximum following filter cake discharge to avoid the fire hazard.

A simple solution In 2011, the author, at the time a 44-year veteran of the edible oil processing industry, mentally connected the dots from his lifetime experience to develop a novel but simple solution. By adding salt to the spent bleaching earth and mixing after discharging the filter cake, the spontaneous combustion problem is eliminated.

Experimental work showed that a salt content as low as 35% would eliminate spontaneous combustion. A 50-50% mixture of salt and spent bleaching earth is recommended as a safety factor. A provisional patent application was filed.

Validation tests were conducted to confirm the effectiveness and a regular patent application was subsequently filed. The patent has been or soon will be granted by most countries in the world to cover the methodology.

The safe and stable mixture of spent bleaching earth and salt has application as a highly beneficial animal nutrition product. The product mode covered by the patent includes granular, pellet and block form. Pilot-scale production of the product for trial with cattle and horses has been started.

To eliminate the spent bleaching earth’s spontaneous combustion problem, mixing with salt immediately on discharge from the filter cake is the optimal solution. The resulting spent bleaching earth and salt mixture will cool and maintain

ambient temperature.

The typical steps taken to avoid combustion of, and fire from, the spent bleaching earth in the container prior to disposal are no longer an issue to be addressed. The time needed to profitably utilise the safe mixture in an array of animal nutrition products is now available.

Animal nutritional benefit Using cattle as an example, consumption of a minimum of 9kg/year of salt is needed to sustain health. Salt provided in a 50/50 blend with spent bleaching earth includes metabolisable energy.

Several feeding trials reflect that cattle like the product, gain weight faster and have noticeably better coats.

The oil in spent bleaching earth is a source of essential fatty acids that are vital for health. The clay component retains sufficient adsorption capability while passing through the gut to bind and remove mycotoxins.

Market potential On a worldwide basis, if all spent bleaching earth was mixed with salt and used as an animal feed ingredient, it would cover less than 10% of the potential market. Thus, there is room in the marketplace for all edible oil processors to engage in it. The animal weight gain and health sustaining advantage is sufficient to warrant purchasing the product to achieve high profitability for both the user and supplier.

Bunge North America has recognised the business potential of utilising this patent and has obtained authorisation to conduct a rigorous feeding study. The study is now in progress under the direction of the University of Missouri School of Agriculture. Agreements for utilising the patent on a worldwide basis are also being negotiated. w Norman Smallwood is an inventor and owner at The Core Team, USA

20 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.oilsandfatsinternational.com

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BLEAC H IN G EAR TH S

Round-up of news Oils & Fats International reports on some of the latest news and developments around the world related to bleaching earths

EP Minerals buys BASF bleaching clay and adsorbents businesses

G

erman chemical company BASF announced on 6 April that it has agreed to sell its bleaching clay and mineral adsorbents businesses to EP Minerals LLC for an undisclosed sum.

The sale is expected to close in the third quarter of this year, subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions.

The bleaching clay and mineral adsorbents businesses are currently part of the process catalysts business unit of BASF’s global catalysts division.

“The divestiture includes a production site and a clay mine in Mississippi, and the mineral rights sublease associated with a mine in Arizona,” BASF says. “It will affect approximately 70 employees.

“In the process of focusing our portfolio on strategic growth areas we are divesting the businesses to a strategic buyer. This is the best course of action for the further development of the businesses,” says Detlef Ruff, BASF senior vice president, process catalysts.

EP Minerals president and CEO Gregg Jones said the acquisition is “a strategic move to strengthen our portfolio of industrial minerals and position EP Minerals for future growth and innovation”.

EP Minerals, headquartered in the USA, is a leader in diatomaceous earth (DE), clay and perlite. These minerals are used as filter aids, absorbents and functional additives in markets including food and beverage, biofuels, swimming pool, landscape, sports turf, paint, plastics and insecticides. BASF’s catalysts division is a leading supplier of environmental and process catalysts.

The BASF group has five portfolios: chemicals, performance products, functional materials & solutions, agricultural solutions and oil & gas. BASF generated sales of about €58bn in 2016.

CLARIANT OPENED A NEW BLEACHING EARTH PRODUCTION SITE IN GRESIK, INDONESIA, IN APRIL

Clariant opens new bleaching earth production sites in Indonesia, Turkey S

wiss speciality chemicals company Clariant announced in April the opening of new bleaching earth production plants in Turkey and Indonesia.

The site in Indonesia is located in Gresik, near Surabaya – the capital of East Java province – in the Java Integrated Industrial & Port Estate (JIIPE), the first fully integrated industrial estate established in Indonesia.

“Through its deep sea port, proximity to Juanda International Airport and other logistical connections, the JIIPE enables efficient local and international deliveries,” Clariant says.

“This new site increases our regional production capacity for bleaching earth by 35%, allows us to offer a broader range of our Tonsil bleaching earths and has dedicated laboratory facilities to deliver faster technical support to customers in the Asia-Pacific Region,” says Sven Schultheis, head of Clariant’s Functional Minerals business unit.

In Turkey, Clariant’s new production site is located in Balıkesir, the capital of Balıkesir Province in the Marmara region. It is situated in a rural area close to important deposits of the mineral bentonite. The plant processes bentonite into bleaching earth for the edible oil industry, desiccant clay for export packaging and speciality products for the paper and foundry industries.

“We started to produce Tonsil in Turkey upon requests from local sunflower oil refiners to shorten lead times for bleaching solutions,” says Osman Çalısır, sales manager for Turkey and Middle East, at Clariant’s Functional Minerals business unit. “The new plant uses local raw material sources and the existing site infrastructure in Balıkesir.”

Clariant would also start exporting Tonsil products from the new plant into selected markets such as Eastern Europe and Africa.

Clariant’s Functional Minerals Business Unit supplies customers with speciality products based on bentonite, and it has been putting in place a multimillion Swiss franc global expansion plan for bleaching earths. As well as its latest new plants in Indonesia and Turkey, Clariant also brought on 30% more production capacity for its Tonsil bleaching earths at its Puebla site in Mexico last April.

Clariant also has bleaching earth production sites in Brazil, Germany, Peru and Spain. t Clariant reported a 9% increase in 2017 first quarter sales and continued solid growth development of its functional minerals business unit, which supplies its Tonsil bleaching earths.

First quarter 2017 sales were CHF1.602bn (US$1.605bn) compared to CHF1.478bn (US$1.481bn) in first quarter 2016m, an increase of 9%.

“The sales growth was driven by higher volumes across all business areas and increased by 3% due to acquisitions,” Clariant said on 27 April.

“In the first quarter, local currency sales growth was strong in Europe at 12%, Asia at 11% and the Middle East & Africa at 7%, while North America grew by 11% driven by acquisitions.

“The growth in Asia was supported by China and Southeast Asia. In Latin America, demand declined by 5% in local currency against a strong comparable base and as a result of the weaker economic environment mainly in Brazil.”

For the year ahead, Clariant says its expects the uncertain business environment – characterised by a high volatility in commodity prices, currencies as well as political uncertainties – to continue.

22 OFI – JUNE 2017

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BLEAC H IN G EAR TH S

Geohellas launches spent bleaching earth end-of-waste services

I

ndustrial minerals company Geohellas has launched complete services for the handling of fresh and spent bleaching earth, in collaboration with GBN, the Netherlands, and the Technical University of Delft.

“This first ever service is based on European end-of-waste criteria and allows refinery clients to benefit from lower total handling costs,” Geohellas says.

“Through technologies developed by the three partners, the spent material is regenerated and used in secondary applications that take advantage of the high residual surface area and porosity of the recovered clay.

“These applications include use as absorbents for the environmental and chemical processing industry.”

Geohellas says that following the successful launch in the Netherlands this year, the three partners plan to extend these services through local collaborations to other refining centres in Europe.

Geohellas produces the MAK series of physically activated bleaching earths, designed specifically for oxidation-sensitive oils. These products are made from attapulgitic clay, mined in northern Greece.

European end-of-waste criteria specify when certain wastes cease to be waste and obtain a status of a product (or a secondary raw material). This is to provide a high level of environmental protection and an economic benefit, while encouraging recycling in the EU. According to the Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC, certain wastes cease to be waste when they have undergone a recovery (including recycling) operation and comply with specific criteria, in particular, if:

iron, suphur or phosphorus from vegetable oils.

Metal adsorption is accentuated if a sepiolite-based bleaching earth is used, Tolsa says. “In addition, the sepiolite offers a very good level of filterability, which extends the life of filters used in the refining process and guarantees the permeability of the filter cake.”

Another key goal is the adsorption of organic compounds present in vegetable oils, which is crucial in reducing the proliferation of potential carcinogenic compounds such as 3-MCPD (3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol).

“Natural bleaching earths are the most appropriate in reducing the presence of organic compounds within vegetable oils,” Tolsa says.

These can be manufactured using bentonite, sepiolite or attapulgite clays, and each of these clays have different properties with different grades, some with higher capabilities than others for particular purposes.

“In each case, it is necessary to carry out laboratory tests” to confirm which bleaching earths are the most appropriate.

Tolsa says it specialises in natural bleaching earths based on the highly adsorptive smectite, sepiolite and attapulgite clays.

Its Minclear bleaching earths grades can be used to process the most common vegetable oils such as sunflower, soyabean, rapeseed, palm, and olive oils.

The group also provides technical support during trials for bleachng earth selection. 

t the substance is commonly used for specific purposes; t there is an existing market or demand for the substance; t the use is lawful; t the use will not lead to overall adverse environmental or human health impacts.

Choosing the right bleaching earth product

S

everal different factors must be taken into account when choosing the right bleaching earths for refining vegetable oils, according to Spain’s Tolsa group.

“Depending on the raw materials incorporated in their production, a bleaching earth’s main characteristics – such as its level of adsorption achieved or its capacity to adsorb certain undesirable compounds in the oil refined – will vary,” the company says.

Edible oil producers may also have different goals. One may be to remove metals such as 23 OFI – JUNE 2017

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MARGARIN E & SPREAD S

Emulsifiers: spreading stability

PHOTO: PALSGAARD THE USE OF EMULSIFIERS HAS DRAMATICALLY CHANGED THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING MARGARINE

Emulsifiers have helped the margarine industry leave behind the unstable products of yesteryear, but new demands and requirements from both consumers and retailers require continuing development

T

he bad old days of difficult-to-control margarine production are over, thanks to one man’s invention of the modern emulsifier. What was the impact on the industry – and what lies ahead for these powerful production aids?

Perhaps unsurprisingly, things were different 100 years ago. Today, there is a widespread push to cut down on fats in the foods we eat to counter the adverse effects of modern, more sedentary lifestyles.

Our forefathers, however, were highly active, and needed high-density energy sources.

Fat, therefore, particularly in compact, concentrated forms, was highly desirable. And for the working class of the time, margarine stepped in to provide exactly such a low-cost source of energy.

By the 1900s, margarine production had become big business.

Early margarines, however, had their drawbacks.

For one thing, they were very unstable, tasting terrible within three weeks of production. A similar lack of self-control marked their use in food production, spitting wildly and leaving undesirable after-tastes.

A man whose achievements have had a profound effect on margarine production was Danish inventor and businessman Einar Schou. In 1908, he retired from the UK margarine business, but his inventive mind had yet to make its most important contribution to the food industry. Seven years later, Schou became the inventor of the modern commercial emulsifier and its first patent holder.

The first controllable emulsifier Schou’s emulsifier, known as Palsgaard emulsion oil (PEO), was particularly welcome, because it dramatically changed the process of producing margarine.

Virtually from one day to the next, manufacturers could achieve good, strong emulsions with better stability.

They could gain control over their margarines, ensuring consistent results. And they could get by rather well, even if they did not have the most up-todate production equipment.

With PEO, manufacturers had obtained an entirely new understanding of what was going on at the chemical and functional levels, meaning different raw materials and emulsion types could be brought into recipe development, all depending on what the margarine would be used for.

In the 1970s, for example when the idea was to reduce up to half of the calories in margarine, around one in five production runs failed, at a tremendous cost to the manufacturers.

Today, as then, it is not hard to make a good emulsion, but it has become easier to balance between stability and instability without having to reject batches – “failed” runs are still useful and can still be sold.

Of course, such products can be reprocessed, but as with most things, it is better to get it right the first time.

24 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.oilsandfatsinternational.com

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ALSGAARD

M ARGARIN E & SPREADS

Performance enhancers

What next for emulsifiers?

What is an emulsifier?

Modern, high-performing emulsifiers operate on many different levels. They also affect the shelf life of puff pastry. More water can be incorporated in the pastry margarine, resulting in a better mouth-feel of the less fatty puff pastry, just as taste can be improved – all at the same time.

New product development in particular can now be finely tuned, balancing on the knife’s edge between stability and instability.

One of the key focus areas for emulsifier manufacturers and their margarine customers is drop size – a major influencer of stability.

Different emulsifier doses produce different drop sizes. If you add more salt to the margarine, for example, large drop sizes will result in a more intense taste. Achieving smaller droplets, without changing the original salt content, will give a less intense salty taste.

Puff pastry, on the other hand, always requires strong emulsions with a small drop size, but emulsifiers can also provide other benefits, such as an emulsifying film between the dough layers, improving plasticity of the margarine and ensuring faster crystallisation during production.

At the same time, a more moist mouthfeel is likely to result, along with good expansion and more uniform layer structure in the baked pastry – even as the product’s fat content is being reduced.

But just how powerful can today’s emulsifiers be? Whether the goal is to remove lecithin, GMO, reduce e-numbers or fats, including these emulsifiers in the recipe has a significant impact.

Of course, emulsifier type and dosage are just two of the many parameters that can be adjusted when designing or refining a product.

Increasing stability, for example, may mean the product can handle high temperatures, but it will not provide the same flavour release as a less stable emulsion. So, choices still need to be made, but today’s emulsifiers certainly enhance the ability to manipulate the parameters and find a much more workable balance than was possible in the past.

A changing landscape A processed food manufacturer needs to keep on its toes. In the 1960s, animal fats in food products brought on concerns about high cholesterol levels.

A change was made to use vegetable fat, but that gave rise to trans fatty acids as an issue. And today, the environment and wildlife have also come into focus.

With sustainability quickly becoming more important to a growing number of manufacturers to protect their brands – and as part of their own pride in their work – emulsifier suppliers are increasingly required to provide new, sustainable versions of their products.

One avenue is to move away from palm oil-based products, but this is not without complications.

Palm-free alternatives, such as sunflower or rapeseed, have different melting points and fatty acid compositions, which are likely to deliver

In the coming decades, inventions like margarine will be needed to get more out of our foods, using a widening variety of raw ingredients, and emulsifiers will be required to make much of this possible. So, what is the future for emulsifiers?

“There’s a lot going on,” says Anders Mølbak Jensen, global product and application manager at Palsgaard. “Of course, our R&D scientists try to stay ahead of the trends in the market, such as using segregated emulsifiers. But, for example, we are also working on emulsifiers with different fatty acid combinations, and emulsifiers in liquid form that you don’t have to melt before using.”

At a fundamental level, emulsifier technology is still in its infancy. In fact, there is much more to be discovered – particularly around how emulsifiers work at a molecular level.

Knowing more about this will enable scientists to gain even better control over emulsifier design and increase their efficiency, too.

Claus Hviid Christensen, newly appointed CEO of Palsgaard’s sister company Nexus A/S, which continuously researches, develops and refines emulsifier formulations, explains: “While each emulsifier has a single e-number, it is composed of many different chemical substances. We are only now exploring what each of these different molecules actually contributes to emulsifier functionality. Once we understand which molecules are key, our customers can dose fewer additives and less of them into their recipes.”

Emulsifiers are molecules with both hydrophilic (polar/water-loving) and hydrophobic (non-polar/ water-repelling) regions. In an oil/water emulsion, the non-polar portion of the emulsifier interacts with the oil droplet, while the polar component faces the surrounding water.

In water/oil emulsions, its orientation is reversed: polar groups project into the water droplet, while non-polar regions face the oil. This reduces tension between the two liquids, stabilising the droplets and preventing them from merging.

Emulsifiers commonly used in margarine production DMG – Distilled monoglycerides of fatty acids (E471) are emulsifies produced from glycerol and fatty acids of vegetable origin, like sunflower, rapeseed, and palm oil. Distilled monoglycerides are commonly used in various food and non-food applications. The main function of DMG in margarine is to create a stable emulsion of water droplets equally dispersed in oil (fat).

PGE – Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids (E475) are emulsifiers produced by esterification of polyglycerols with vegetable-based fatty acids. Polyglycerol esters are widely used in the food industry as they combine hydrophilic and lipophilic properties in the same molecule. PGE is used in margarine to create air in the emulsion and stabilise it.

PGPR – Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (E476) is an emulsifier made from glycerol and fatty acids, based on castor (vegetable) oil. PGPR is a strongly lipophilic emulsifier, soluble in fats and oils, and insoluble in water. It is used in low-fat spreads and other types of fat-based foods as an emulsion stabiliser.

different functionality to that of palm-based products. By using sustainable palm oil, on the other hand, manufacturers can use oils with wellknown functionalities and production processes, simultaneously satisfying consumer demands for health and environmental protection.

Here the Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) provides a useful yardstick for emulsifier manufacturers and their customers. The RSPO was founded to promote the production and use of sustainable palm oil, bringing social and environmental NGOs together with all sectors of the palm oil industry.

Under the RSPO’s structure, palm oil can be processed or traded through one of four supply chain models: Identity Preserved, Segregation (SG), Mass Balance (MB) or Book and Claim.

Producers like Palsgaard have wasted no time in adopting these models. In fact, the Danish company can already provide all of its vegetablebased emulsifiers as ‘segregated’ – the RSPO’s most stringent level.

Food manufacturers can, therefore, replace conventional palm oil with segregated palm oil without difficulty. It is in sharp contrast to the many hours of complex R&D work and test productions required to create sunflower- or rapeseed-based products with the same functionality as the original, palm-based versions.

New applications Such new discoveries will enable emulsifier manufacturers to move from relying on trial and error-based experimentation to a more knowledgedriven approach that is expected to open new doors for emulsifiers in a wide range of applications.

“For example, we have recently applied emulsifiers to polymers for food packaging – providing antifogging and anti-static functionalities – and we are busy developing this along with other, entirely new business segments,” says Christensen.

“The challenge for us, you might say, is that we’re now seeing just how many potential applications there are for our emulsifier technology, and we need to be careful to move into each field with the right solutions and the right timing.”

There are still other, more basic, ways to innovate, too. In more than two decades of industry experience, Palsgaard’s Jensen has often seen existing emulsifiers turned to new applications – sometimes in surprising ways.

“When you invent new emulsifiers for a specific application, you sometimes realise they can also be used for something quite different. The ability to produce low-fat Danish pastries, for example, came from one of our R&D projects aimed at producing fat-reduced chocolate,” he concludes. w This article was supplied by Palsgaard, Denmark

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The challenge of glass Food products with high oil and fat content pose special problems when tamper evident seals are applied to their containers. Such is particularly the case when these containers are made out of glass.

Darren Dodd discusses the problems and offers a solution

T

he packaging of food products is a constantly evolving challenge for both manufacturers and brand managers operating in a competitive market where consumer expectations rank highly.

Consumers expect food packaging to maintain product integrity, prevent losses due to spillages, provide a reliable form of tamper-proofing and – should the packaging have been breached – provide some visible evidence of tampering.

Moreover, with ageing populations and the specific needs of certain sections of these populations with limited strength or dexterity, there is growing demand for packaging closure seals that are easily removable, while providing that all too important product protection and tamper evidence.

Such consumer demands embrace many types of packaged foodstuffs, but where these contain a high level of oil or fat, such as cooking oils, peanut butter or chocolate spread, there are additional packaging challenges – particularly when they are packed into glass containers.

Glass continues to be the packaging medium of choice for these products, despite the broader industry’s trend to move from glass to plastics packaging materials.

Where the inertness of glass is recognised and valued for food packaging purposes, there is strict legislation in place covering the use of plastics in food packaging. The EU Food Contact Regulations lay down specific rules and guidelines for food contact materials (FCMs).

The most comprehensive specific EU measure covering plastic FCMs is Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, which establishes a ‘union list’ of substances that are permitted for use in their manufacture. This regulation also specifies restrictions on the use of these substances and sets out rules to determine compliance.

Another growing market for PET bottles is edible oil. A 3-litre PET bottle with a handle recently launched in the USA, with its light weight expected to be a key selling point.

While PET is making inroads thanks to its low water and oxygen permeability, stiffness and greater compatibility with oils and fats, glass remains a preferred packaging medium for high oil/fat content foods compared to other plastic materials. This is largely due to glass’ inertness, superior gas impermeability and its ability to store product for far longer than is possible in an equivalent plastic container.

Until now, though, packaging companies have been unable to guarantee a truly hermetic and airtight seal around the rim of glass containers containing high fat content foodstuffs using induction heated liners, because good adhesion has traditionally been difficult to achieve.

This is partly due to glass being a difficult substrate to adhere to – a condition made more problematic in the presence of fats, which have the ability to penetrate and degrade adhesive bonds.

The usual practice is to seal such high fat/oil content containers with steam-applied metal caps, which are difficult to remove by hand – particularly by people with low grip strength.

A foil liner on the other hand is a lower cost alternative and much easier to open, but the materials of construction of such liners are closely regulated. Of particular note is FCM regulation EC 10/2011 (Annex I, Table 1), which states that petroleum-based or synthetic hydrocarbon-derived waxes (which are frequently used in induction heat sealed liner laminates) must not be used for articles in contact with fatty foods.

Fortunately, current developments in induction heat sealed lining materials are poised to address these issues.

Plastic or glass?

A new formulation

The trend away from glass towards plastics food packaging has largely been dictated by the need to reduce weight and improve robustness for transportation purposes – as well as a general desire to promote greater corporate environmental responsibility. As an example, the majority of beverages are now packed in lightweight polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, which are less prone to damage during transit.

The first PET bottled product was placed on the market almost four decades ago and the subsequent growth of PET as a viable substitute for glass has been enormous. One of the major reasons for this is weight reduction. A 330ml PET bottle, for example, weighs around 28g, up to 86% less than an average equivalent glass bottle.

Selig, a global manufacturer of tamper evident cap and closure lining materials, has developed a new proprietary formulation, which is currently undergoing testing. It not only increases adhesion on glass but also improves adhesion in an oil environment, resisting oil penetration better than current packaging seals.

The new formulation includes a heat-seal layer that is suitable for direct contact with fatty foodstuffs as it contains no waxes, neither paraffinic nor micro-crystalline. Thus, it ensures that the requirements of EU Regulation EC 10/2011 for direct contact with fatty foodstuffs are fully met.

The new lining material consists of an aluminium foil, coated with a heat-seal layer

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polymer laminated to either a white lined folding boxboard or expanded polyethylene backing material. The polymer lamination eliminates the use of wax, enabling compliance with EC 10/2011, as well as creating a stable liner over a wider temperature range.

The lining material, when inserted into the closure, is applied to the container and sealed by induction.

In order for the seal to function correctly, the closure must have sufficient means of retaining the liner material behind a retention bead while allowing the liner to rotate freely. Upon removal of the closure, the seal gives an audible ‘crack’ during separation.

The materials separate to leave a clean, attractive foil on the container and a secondary reseal liner or wad in the cap, ensuring no risk of debris contamination of the product. Selig is now seeking partners to fully develop the solution and provide consumer-friendly screw caps with an easy-topierce/open foil.

Induction heat sealing essentials Induction heat sealing is a commonly accepted approach to providing tamper evidence for glass or plastic jars and bottles. It is a non-contact method of applying a laminated structure (liner) to the openings of containers to provide a hermetic seal that also delivers tamper evidence, leak prevention, freshness preservation and pilferage/security protection. Liner construction aside, the process of developing a perfect seal involves close control of three important key parameters, namely pressure, heat and time.

Pressure is needed for the liner to have an even seal to the container, which is achieved by the torque heads of the capper when placing the closure onto the filled container. Heat is applied via a magnetic induction process, which raises the temperature of the seal’s metallic foil liner by means of eddy currents. Timing is crucial for a successful seal. Timing intervals include the period the closure passes beneath the induction coil and the following cooling period, during which the container must not be subject to any rough handling as it is moved by the conveyor.

There are numerous variables affecting this process. For example, the design of the neck and threads of the container must be matched to the closure so that it will give even pressure to the container rim and ensure the closure skirt will not bottom out on the shoulder of the container.

If the rim of the container has any defects, such as high or low spots, there will be uneven pressure around the seal, leading to uneven heating or even melting of parts of the liner, which could potentially lead to product contamination.

Ensuring proper results It is vitally important to get the size and power of the induction seal equipment right as it must produce sufficient heat around the induction liner to seal effectively for a given conveyor line speed. Measuring the temperature or temperature rise profile of the liner at the seal interfaces is not a practical proposition, though it may be possible to calculate the energy delivered to the foil using real-time current and voltage measurements, and thus come up with a statistical profile of the process.

As a result, it may be more appropriate to engage with induction equipment suppliers at an early stage to run timing and power trials with induction liners and induction heaters – preferably at the supplier’s premises.The induction seal liner needs sufficient time under the coil to be heated to the correct temperature for the polymer sealing surface to melt and subsequently bond to the rim of the container. This timing, again, will be dictated by the conveyor speed. The time required to heat the induction liner will depend on the size of the container, whether or not it is hot- or cold-filled, the type of liner chosen and so on.

Moreover, achieving a satisfactory bond between the seal and the rim of the container will be determined by the cooling time interval, as the bond can only develop properly upon cooling. This is a critical stage in the process, requiring smooth handling of the containers to avoid any relative movement of the seal before it has fully bonded to the container.

Clearly, the choice of liner and the induction system engineering are not trivial tasks, particularly when observing complex FCM regulations. Moreover, there is a strong case for trialling both liner and induction equipment before making any decisions. Obtaining expert advice from an experienced supplier is thus an important first step that customers are well advised to take when considering the installation of an induction heat sealing line.

Darren Dodd is Selig Group’s marketing and service director

CELEB R ATIN G ears Y 19 17 · 20 17 of the invention

l Palsgaard Emulsion Oi

EXPERIENCE NEVER GETS OLD The history of commercial emulsifiers is the history of Palsgaard. In 1917 Danish entrepreneur and former CEO of the world’s largest margarine factory, Einar Viggo Schou, invented and patented the world’s first commercial emulsifier in the trial labs he had set up around his home in the beautiful 12th century Palsgaard Manor.

Since then Palsgaard has continued to grow as an industry pioneer. We remain dedicated to aiding our customers in developing their businesses and products by means of ours – not only within margarine – but also in bakery, confectionery, dairy, ice cream as well as mayonnaise and dressings.

WATCH OUR NEW ANNIVERSARY FILM

PALSGAARD A/S Palsgaardvej 10 DK-7130 Juelsminde Denmark Tel. +45 7682 7682 direct@palsgaard.dk www.palsgaard.com

– AND TEST YOUR EMULSIFIER KNOWLEDGE IN OUR ONLINE QUIZ

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Palm oil from the coast

West Africa has the potential to emerge as a rival to the current number one palm oil producing region, Southeast Asia. Ile Kauppila interviewed the director of DekelOil, one of the companies in Côte d’Ivoire trying to make that happen

S

outheast Asia has traditionally been the powerhouse of the global palm oil industry.

Out of the 62.79M tonnes the USDA projects to be produced in 2016/2017, 88% is expected to come from the top three palm oil-producing countries – Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Amongs the three, Indonesia is the sovereign leader, alone putting out 34M tonnes or 54% of the global production.

While no other single player is likely to dethrone Indonesia any time soon, certain regions could within a decade or two emerge as worthy competitors to the Southeast Asian juggernauts.

West Africa, for example, houses two top-10 palm oil producers, Nigeria and Ghana, which put out a combined 1.39M tonnes annually. Immediately at the tails of Ghana is Côte d’Ivoire, or Ivory Coast.

Its palm oil output in 2016/17 is projected to reach 415,000 tonnes.

Ivorian palm oil companies are paving the way to increased production from a dip in the early 2000s.

Using a combination of new cultivation techniques, innovative technologies and socially beneficial contract programmes, companies such as DekelOil are set to expand the industry in Côte d’Ivoire and West Africa in general.

DekelOil, headquartered in London, UK, was incorporated on 24 October 2007. The company’s

executive director Lincoln Moore told Oils & Fats International that the firm was set up after he and his colleagues saw that palm oil smallholders around the village of Ayenouan, situated about two hours from the major port of Abidjan in the southeast of Côte d’Ivoire, were struggling with a serious shortage in milling capacity.

“Normally when you start a business like ours, you plant your own hectares, which takes years and a significant amount of CAPEX. However, in this case, there was a real need for a mill to enter into a partnership with all the smallholders to provide them with someone to sell their product to,” Moore says.

According to Moore, around the time when DekelOil was founded, another company was largely monopolising the palm oil industry around the Ayenouan region. This company, instead of engaging with the smallholders, cultivated its own estates.

“They were naturally holding their own estates in preference to the smallholders, which created a frustrating situation for them,” Moore recalls.

To provide relief to the smallholders, and to engage in the promising business opportunity, DekelOil has now set up a modern oil palm nursery, nearly 19,000 ha of plantations and – most importantly – a 65 tonne/year palm oil mill. As the company this year celebrates its 10th anniversary, it can also celebrate steadily increasing production and a market hungry for palm oil.

Computerised nursing The US$500,000, technologically advanced nursery DekelOil operates in Ayenouan is a modern, computerised facility. Procured from two different seed providers, the cultivated palms are tended by a computer-controlled drop irrigation system, which doses an appropriate amount of both water and fertiliser for each individual plant.

Each plant is held is a black poly bag, which contains a mixture of finely shredded coconut fibre and soil. Moore explains that this mixture is less dense than simple soil, which allows for better root development.

DekelOil’s system has provided tangible benefits to the cultivation process. The nursery is capable of producing up to a million plants per year in two cycles, equivalent to 6,000ha of new planting.

The irrigation system, combined with the root developing benefits of the loose substrate, results in the plants being ready for sowing in six months, compared to the industry standard of 9-12 months, DekelOil says. Additionally, DekelOil’s cultivation method allows the palms to reach their first yield phase in two to three years after planting, with the West African standard being four years.

The milling operation The nursery, however, is only a small part of the business. The half million-dollar investment in the nursery pales in comparison to the €20M (US$22M) fresh fruit bunch (FFB) processing mill, which forms the main element of DekelOil’s operations.

The company commissioned Malaysian Modipalm Engineering, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CB Industrial Product Holding Berhad, to construct the mill in 2011. The contract included the supply, building, delivery and installation of the facility on a 42ha plot, and the project was finalised as a turnkey delivery with a modular design.

“The mill was opened in March 2014, so we’re now in our third full year of production,” says Moore. “It can produce up to about 65,000 tonnes of crude palm oil (CPO) a year. This year we expect to produce about 45-46,000 tonnes, while last year we produced about 39,000 tonnes. We’re growing organically towards full capacity.”

The FFBs to feed the mill’s two 30 tonnes/hour processing lines comes from within 100 kilometres

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of the facility from the many smallholders who work with DekelOil. To make delivery smooth and easy, DekelOil has set up a number of logistics hubs to which the smallholders can deliver their FFBs or request pickup from. Instead of having to deliver the fruit bunches all the way to the mill, the hubs make feedstock delivery more accessible to the smallholders and ensures a steadier supply for DekelOil. “We have three logistics hubs at the moment and we’re reviewing adding a fourth. They include a waybridge, areas for the trucks to weigh in and weigh out, and a small office where we pay for the products. There are storage areas where the FFBs are stored and our own trucks take the product to the mill on a daily basis,” explains Moore.

Smallholders and estates The smallholders are another key element of DekelOil’s Cote d’Ivoire operation. The smallholders acquire plants from the nursery and produce the FFBs to feed the mill in Ayenouan.

DekelOil has more than 5,000 long-term harvesting contracts in place with local smallholders, in total covering approximately 15,000ha of existing palm oil plantations.

“We sell probably 90% of what we produce at the nursery to the smallholders for them to plant and we buy everything that they produce. We’re working in conjunction with the World Bank, which is subsidising half the cost of each plant to the smallholders. It’s quite a good partnership arrangement where we take a margin and they take a margin,” Moore says.

The company has committed to acquiring 100% of the FFBs the smallholders produce on an exclusive basis, and it is also responsible for the final transportation to the mill. DekelOil has confirmed the number of hectares each individual smallholder holds and the expected yield potential. Finally, the price the firm pays to the farmers conforms to that specified by the International Association of Horticultural Producers (AIPH), subject to crop quality.

“The contracts are a mutually beneficial commercial arrangement. The farmers could, of course, sell their product to any of the other players, but we try to be the best partner for them.

We do it by, for example, having the logistics centres to make it easy for them to deliver the product and making sure we pay the proper price on time,” tells Moore.

By signing the harvesting contracts, DekelOil has eased the plight the smallholders were facing when the company first moved into Ayenouan.

But its operations have also had further beneficial effects on the area in the form of employment and increased development.

“We employ about 350 full-time people and possibly another 350 contractors. There’s a good mixture of men and women. The more heavy work in the mill is often done by men, but the work in the nursery, which is a lot lighter, is predominantly done by women. They also mostly run our offices,” Moore describes.

“When we arrived in Ayenouan it was in a pretty distressed state, but we’ve now built a school, a medical facility and water wells and in the future we’ll be providing them with excess electricity from our mill. Our operations are also driving other small businesses into the region.”

MAP OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE WITH DEKELOIL’S OPERATIONS MARKED WITH GREEN CIRCLES

DekelOil has also executed a conditional sale contract with La Coopérative Coopalen, comprising smallholder oil palm farmers based in the Aboisso region, who oversee 10,000ha of oil palm estates.

The 20-year contract, which became effective with the mill reaching operational status, echoes the terms given to the individual smallholders, with DekelOil purchasing the cooperative’s entire production and transporting it to mill within 48 hours of purchase.

Finally, the company manages 1,886ha of estates of its own. DekelOil has been granted rights to more than 176 oil palm estates, covering a total area of 2,363ha within an 80km radius around Ayenouan.

The company estates are expected to yield 20-24 tonnes/year as they reach full maturity.

Future outlook DekelOil’s business has been growing in production, revenue and profitability for three consecutive years, and this year looks to be no different.

In 2015, the firm reported revenues of €23.4M (US$26M), up 135% from the €9.5M (US$10.5M) in 2014, according to its latest financial results published on 17 January. DekelOil expects its revenue to climb to €26.1M (US$29M) in 2016.

The slower growth was brought on by bad weather, a condition shared by “West African mills across the board”. However, production should pick up in 2017, with revenues projected to reach €37.3M (US$41.4M), and €39.7M (US$44.1M) in 2018.

At the moment, DekelOil has three to four major buyers for its palm oil, says Moore. Two of them operate refineries within Cote d’Ivoire and they turn the palm oil into products for local

supermarket chains, such as cooking oils, butters, soaps and mayonnaise. The other buyers refine the oil within West Africa.

Moore tells Oils & Fats International that DekelOil’s entire market is currently staying within western Africa as the area suffers from a “significant shortfall” in CPO. “For the next 5-10 years, we expect the situation to stay the same, but we also expect West Africa as a region to become a player in global palm oil production. Land availability and environmental sensibilities in Southeast Asia mean that people are looking at West Africa as a region to expand. I expect that in 10 years’ time there’ll be much more palm oil in the region and the logical market for excess product will be Europe, as it’s a lot closer to us than Southeast Asia,” Moore projects.

DekelOil might be getting a head start with the expansion, as the company is planning to establish new plantations in Guitri, some 200km west from Ayenouan. There, DekelOil has rights to more than 24,000ha of expansion land, which could be used to provide additional feedstock for palm oil production.

“The Ayenouan operation is growing in profitability, so we’re now taking what was successful there to Guitri. We have significant amounts of land available to develop smallholders in the same way and we’re looking to start that project shortly.

We’re also looking at expanding to neighbouring countries, like Ghana. The Ayenouan project is quite close to the Ghana border, so we’re looking at opportunities for investment there,” concludes Moore. w Ile Kauppila is the assistant editor at Oils & Fats International

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PL ANT, EQU IPM EN T & TEC H N OLOGY

Plant & technology listing 2017 Oils & Fats International’s updated global selection of plant and equipment suppliers to the oils and fats industry, accompanied by a chart of company activities

Argentina

*Process SRL (Proglobal) Av. Juan Pablo II 6750 S2010AMP - Rosario Santa Fe Tel: +54 341 454 4544 E-mail: grabois.andres@proglobal.com Website: www.proglobal.com

Austria

*BDI - BioEnergy International AG Parkring 18, Raaba-Grambach Styria 8074 Tel: +43 316 4009 100 E-mail: sales@bdi-bioenergy.com Website: www.bdi-bioenergy.com GIG Karasek GmbH Neusiedlerstrasse 15-19 Gloggnitz 2640 Tel: +43 266 242780 E-mail: office@gigkarasek.at Website: www.gigkarasek.com Other: Evaporators, dryers, columns, heat exchangers, turnkey plants, engineering

Belgium

*Desmet Ballestra Group, Oils, Fats and Oleochemicals Division Belgicastraat 3 - B-1930 Zaventem Tel: +32 2 716 11 11 Fax: +32 2 716 11 09 E-mail: info@desmetballestra.com Website: www.desmetballestra.com De Smet SA Engineers & Contractors Waterloo Office Park, Building O, Box 32 Drève Richelle 161, Waterloo 1410 Tel: +32 2 634 25 00 Fax: +32 2 634 25 25 E-mail: info@dsengineers.com Website: www.dsengineers.com Other: EPC/ECM contractor SEA–Tank Terminal NV Skaldenstraat 1 Gent 9042 Tel: +32 92 555666 E-mail: info@sea-tankterminal.com Website: www.sea-tankterminal.com

China

*Famsun Oils & Fats Engineering Co Ltd No 1 Huasheng Road Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127 Tel: +86 514 8777 0799 E-mail: maniqian@muyang.com Website: www.muyang.com Other: Pre-treatment Myande Group Co Ltd No. 199, South Ji’an Road Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225127 Tel: +86 514 87849111 Fax: +86 514 87848883 E-mail: lxd@myande.com Website: www.myandegroup.com *Scikoon Industry Co Ltd Building C, Runcheng Industry Zone, No 68, Huagang Avenue, Huadu District, Guangzhou Guangdong 510800 Tel: +86 20 3938 8895 Fax: +86 20 3686 2630 E-mail: info@scikoon.com Website: www.scikoon.com Xiamen Bentonite International Corporation 1st Floor, Xiangyu Building, Xiangyu Free Trade Zone, Xiamen, Fujian 361006 Tel: +86 592 6037769 Fax: +86 592 6038969 E-mail: xbic@xbic.com Website: www.xbic.com

Denmark

*Alfa Laval Copenhagen A/S Maskinvej 5, Soborg DK-2860 Tel: +45 3953 6000 E-mail: bent.sarup@alfalaval.com Website: www.alfalaval.com Other: Lecithing drying, soap stock splitting, hydrogenation, biodiesel plant, heat exchanger *GEA Process Engineering A/S Gladsxvej 305, Soeborg DK-2860 Tel: +45 3954 5454 E-mail: betina.grewal@gea.com Website: www.niro.dk *Gerstenberg Services A/S Vibeholmsvej 21, PO Box 196, Brøndby Copenhagen 2605 Tel: +45 4343 2026; Fax: +45 4343 2028 E-mail: info@gerstenbergs.com Website: www.gerstenbergs.com

Germany

*Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions GmbH Olof-Palme-Strasse 35, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main Tel: +49 695 8080 E-mail: natalia.anjaparidze@airliquide.com Website: www.engineering-airliquide.com

*B+B Engineering GmbH Otto-von-Guericke-Str 50, Magdeburg D-39104 Tel: +49 391 505 499 50 Fax: +49 391 505 499 59 E-mail: info@b-b-engineering.de Website: www.b-b-engineering.de Buss-SMS-Canzler GmbH Kaiserstrasse 13-15 Butzbach 35510 Tel: +49 6033 85 0 Fax: +49 6033 85 249 E-mail: info@sms-vt.com Website: www.sms-vt.com Other: Thin film evaporation systems, molecular distillation Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH Ostenrieder Str 15 Moosburg 85368 Tel: +49 8761 82 120 Fax: +49 8761 82 662 E-mail: markus.schmidl@clariant.com Website: www.clariant.com *CPM SKET GmbH Schilfbreite 2, Magdeburg 39120 Tel: +49 3916 82249 Fax: +49 3916 84233 E-mail: headoffice@cpm-sket.de Website: www.cpm-sket.de *GEA Aktiengesellchaft, Product Group Separation Werner-Habig-Str 1, Oelde 59302 Tel: +49 2522 77 0 E-mail: separation@gea.com Website: www.gea.com *GEA Wiegand GmbH Am Hartwaldt 1, Ettlingen 76275 Tel: +49 7243 7050 Fax: +49 7243 705 330 E-mail: gea-wiegand.info@gea.com Website: www.gea.com Other: Evaporators GekaKonus GmbH Siemensstr. 10 Eggenstein-Leop 76344 Tel: +49 721 943740 Fax: +49 721 9437444 E-mail: info@gekakonus.net Website: www.gekakonus.net *HF Press+LipidTech Seevestrasse 1, Hamburg 21079 Tel: +49 40 771 79 488 E-mail: jan.ikels@hf-group.com Website: www.hf-group.com *Hoch-Temperatur Industrieanlagen GmbH Sauerbruchstraße 9-11, Ellerau, D-25479 Tel: +49 410 670 090 E-mail: info@hti-ellerau.de Website: www.hti-ellerau.de

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INTEC Engineering GmbH John-Deere-Str 43 Bruschsal D-76646 Tel: +49 7251 9324 312 E-mail: christian.daniel@intec-energy.de Website: www.intec-energy.de Other: Biomass- and coal-fired power plants, sludge drying and incineration systems, ORC-based power generation modules Körting Hannover AG Badenstedter Str 56, Hannover 30453 Tel: +49 511 2129 253 Fax: +49 511 2129 223 E-mail: st@koerting.de Website: www.koerting.de Other: Tank mixing systems *Machinenfabrik Reinartz GmbH & Co KG Industriestrasse 14, Neuss, 41460 Tel: +49 213 197 6124 Fax: +49 213 197 6112 E-mail: g.strupat@reinartz.de Website: www.reinartz.de Other: Screw presses *Siemens AG Lina-Ammon-Str 3, 90471, Nuremberg Tel: +49 911 895 4123 Fax: +49 9119 1127 87 E-mail: marco.mambach@siemens.com Website: www.siemens.com

Serving the Vegetable Oil Industry

Schneider Engineering GmbH Hildburghauser Str 79, Berlin, Berlin 12249 Tel: +49 30 7544 93990 Fax: +49 30 7544 9339 21 E-mail: info@schneider-kessel.de Website: www.schneider-kessel.de Other: Biomass- and coal-fired power plants, sludge drying and incineration plants, ORC-based power generation modules *Siwaco GmbH Huettenweg 5, Netphen 57250 Tel: +49 2737 21606 0 Fax: +49 2737 21606 511 E-mail: info@siwaco.com Website: www.siwaco.com Other: Cracker and flaker rolls

From Basic Engineering to Full Turnkey Project Single Point Responsibility through EPC or EPCM+® with guaranteed: � Process Performances � Time Schedule

*VetterTec GmbH Laipziger Strasse 104-108, Kassel 34123 Tel: +49 561 5001 90 Fax: +49 561 5001 940 E-mail: bernd.imenkamp@vettertec.de Website: www.vettertec.de Other: Dissolventising, animal feed, soya meal

� Budget

India

Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd 5th Floor, Sun Magnetica, LIC Service Road Louiswadi Thane Maharashtra 400610 Tel:+91 22 417 03200 Fax: +91 22 258 35159 E-mail: info@advancedenzymes.com Website: www.advancedenzymes.com AkashaViha Foods Pvt Ltd 19, Srinivasa Perumal Sannidhi 2nd Street Royapettah, Chennai Tamil Nadu 600014 Tel: +91 98 840 17551 E-mail: AkashaViha@gmail.com Website: www.aroga.co.in 31 OFI – JUNE 2017 www.ofimagazine.com

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Engineers & Contractors Brussels • Belgium Tel.: +32 (0)2 634 25 00 Fax: +32 (0)2 634 25 25 info@dsengineers.com v

Reliability through Experience

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Techn ology meets YOU

International Trade Fair for Technology and Innovations

September 11–15, 2017 Messe Mßnchen

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*Chempro Technovation Pvt Ltd 802 Astron Tech Park Satellite Road, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380015 Tel: +91 982 500 5649 E-mail: ramesh@chempro.in Website: www.chempro.in Other: Dry fractionation, hydrogenation autoclaves Cotecna Inspection India Pvt Ltd The Summit - Business Bay, Office No 213, 214 & 215, behind Guru Nanak Petrol Pump, opposite Cinemax, off Andheri-Kurla Road, Prakashwadi, Andheri (East), Maharashtra Mumbai Tel: +91 42 188 000 Fax: +91 42 188 001 E-mail: cotecna.mumbai@cotecna.co.in Website: www.cotecna.com Other: Surveyors, weighing and quality checking Dynamic Equipments No D-69 Sriranga Nagar, Sriranga Nagar Road Neelambur Post, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore Tel: +91 42 226 27615 Fax: +91 42 226 27615 E-mail: dynamicindia2015@gmail.com Website: www.marico.net *Fenix Process Technologies Pvt Ltd K 6/1, Malini, Erandwane Co-op Housing Society, Erandwane, Pune 411004 Tel: +91 20 6650 8772 Fax: +91 20 2545 8454 E-mail: info@fenix.in Website: www.fenix.in Other: Evaporation, used oil re-refining, static mixers, methanol recovery, glycerine purification *Filteration Engineers India Pvt Ltd Plot No W 62B, TTC Industrial Area MIDC Rabale, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400701 Tel: +91 22 2760 8501 Fax: +91 22 2760 8510 E-mail: sales@feipl.com Website: www.feipl.com *Flosys Pumps Pvt Ltd No 90 SIDCO Industrial Estate Malumichapatti Post Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641050 Tel: +91 422 2655 030 Fax: +91 422 2655 230 E-mail: info@flosys.in Website: www.flosys.in HRS Process Systems Ltd 201/202, Karan Selene, 851 Bhandarkard Rd Pune, Maharashtra 411004 Tel: +91 20 660 47894 E-mail: mktcom@hrsasia.co.in Website: www.hrsasia.co.in Other: Heat exchangers, heat exchanger-based systems *Kevin Enterprises Pvt Ltd Plot No 11, Street No 10, MIDC, Andheri (E) Mumbai, Maharashtra 400093 Tel: +91 2261 4780 00 Fax: +91 2261 4780 01 E-mail: contact@kevinccp.com Website: www.kevinccp.com Other: Structured packing, random packing, tower internals, mist eliminators, tower trays

Kirloskar Pneumatic Co Ltd 1002, Vikas Centre 10th Floor, Dr C G Road Nr Basant Cinema Chembur (East), Mumbai Maharashtra 400074 Tel: +91 22 252 19152 E-mail: ambrish.pant@kpcl.net Website: www.kirloskarpcl.com Other: Chilling plant chillers *Kumar Metal Industries Pvt Ltd 101 Kakad Bhavan 30th Road, Bandra (West) Mumbai 400050 Tel: +91 22 26441673, 28458200, 28458300 E-mail: kumarind@vsnl.com Website: www.kumarmetal.com *Mazda Limited Mazda House, 650/1, Panchvati Second Lane Ambawadi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380006 Tel: +91 79 4000 7000 Fax: +91 2656 5605 E-mail: vacuum@mazdalimited.com Website: www.mazdalimited.com Mectech Process Engineers Pvt Ltd 366 Udyog Vihar, Phase 2 Gurgaon, Haryana 122016 Tel: +91 124 4700800 Fax: +91 124 4700801 E-mail: anik.roy@mectech.co.in Website: www.mectech.co.in Other: Turnkey projects for edible oil refineries and hydrogenation plants, filters including PLF, VPLF, HPLF, candle filters and polishing filters *Muez-Hest India Pvt Ltd 230 & 231, Blue Rose Industrial Estate WE Highway, Borivali (East), Mumbai Maharashtra 400066 Tel: +91 22 2870 1752 Fax: +91 22 2854 1758 E-mail: info@muezhest.com Website: www.muezhest.com Other: Meal desolventisation, condensate recovery management systems *Sharplex Filters (India) Pvt Ltd R-664, TTC Industrial Area MIDC, Rabale Maharashtra, Navi Mumbai Tel: +91 22 6940 9850 Fax: +91 22 2769 6325 E-mail: sales@sharplexfilters.com Website: www.sharplex.com Spec Engineers & Consultants Pvt Ltd 2/86 WHS Kirti Nagar, Near Saraswati Garden Bus Stop, New Delhi Delhi 110015 Tel: +91 11 414 20206 Fax: +91 11 251 93715 E-mail: rajvinder@specengineers.com Website: www.specengineers.com Other: Biodiesel esterification, static phase separators, LT HT power, DG sets *Tintometer India Pvt Ltd B-91, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad Telangana 500018 Tel: +91 9322 4434 33 E-mail: k.kantawala@tintometer.com Website: www.lovibondcolour.com Other: Tintometers, colour matching equipment

United Oil Mill Machinery and Spares Pvt Ltd D-58, 2nd Floor, Okhla Industrial Area Phase 1 New Delhi, Delhi 110020 Tel: +91 11 26 371201 E-mail: ash@umas-india.com Website: www.umas-india.com *Veendeep Oiltek Exports Pvt Ltd N-16/17/18, Additional Midc Patalganga District Raigad 410207 Tel: +91 291 2250 532 Fax: +91 291 2250 534 E-mail: info@veendeep.com Website: www.veendeep.com

Italy

*Andreotti Impianti SpA Via Di Le Prata, 148 50041 Calenzano (FI) Tel: +39 055044870 Fax: +39 055 44917 35 E-mail: info@andreottiimpianti.com Website: andreottiimpianti.com *C.M. Bernardini International SpA Via Appia Km 55, 900 04012 Cisterna di Latina (LT) Tel: +39 06 9687 1082 Fax: +39 06 9294 2564 E-mail: info@cmbernardini.it Website: www.cmbernardini.it Other: Meal processing, glycerine treatment refining, biodiesel distillation, fractionation, esterification *CMB Italy Technoilogy Via Domenico Frederici 12 Cisterna di Latini LT 04012 Tel: +39 03 353 69384 Fax: +39 06 969 6181 E-mail: andrea.bernardini@technoilogy.it Website: www.technoilogy.it *Desmet Ballestra SpA, Detergents, Surfactants and Chemicals Division Via Piero Portaluppi 17, 20138 Milano Tel: +39 02 50831 Fax: +39 02 5801 8449 E-mail: mac@desmetballestra.com Website: www.desmetballestra.com *Servizi Industriali srl Marie Curie n 19, Ozzano dell’Emilia Bologna Emilia Romagna 40064 Tel: +39 051 795 080 Fax: +39 051 799 337 E-mail: macfuge@macfuge.com Website: www.macfuge.com Other: Dynamic centrifugal mixers

Jordan

*Mawlawi Group PO Box 426074, Yarmook Amman 11140 Tel: +62 795 954 142 E-mail: jordan@mawlawigroup.com Website: www.mawlawigroup.com Other: Distributor of oil and raw materials

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Luxembourg

*Mitchells Europe 11 Rue des Trois Cantons Windhof Koerich L-8399 Tel: +324 7694 4491 E-mail: info@mitchellseurope.eu Website: www.mitchells-europe.eu Other: Chain conveyors, screw conveyors, vapour tight conveyors

Malaysia

*ExcelVite Sdn Bhd Lot 56442, 7.5 Mile, Jalan Ipoh/Chemor Chemor Perak 31200 Tel: +605 2014 192 E-mail: info@excelvite.com Website: www.excelvite.com *Felda IFFCO Sdn Bhd Lot 596, Lebuh Raja Lumu, Pandamaran Industrial Estate, Port Klang Selangor Darul Ehsan 42009 Tel: +603 3165 3313 Fax: +603 3167 1980 E-mail: slyap@feldaiffco.com Website: www.feldaiffco.com Intec Energy Systems Sdn Bhd 6F-21, IOI Business Park, Bandar Puchong Jaya Puchong, Selangor 47170 Tel: +603 589 16642 Fax: +603 589 99824 E-mail: yap.fw@intec-energy.de Website: www.intec-energy.de *JCT Packaging Solutions No 5429-A, Jalan Kenari 18, Bandar Putra Kulai, Johon 81000 Tel: +601 6722 1217 E-mail: theresa_yang@jctpack.com Website: www.amcor.com Other: Plastic packaging materials *JJ-Lurgi Engineering Sdn Bhd 16, Jalan 51A/225, Petaling Jaya Selangor 46100 Tel: +603 7861 6188 E-mail: jj-lurgi_enquiry@jjsea.com Website: www.jj-lurgi.com *Oiltek Sdn Bhd Lot 6, Jalan Pasaran 23/5, Kawasan Miel Phase 10, Shah Alam, Selangor 40300 Tel: +603 5542 8288 Fax: +603 5541 8288 E-mail: yong.oiltek@gmail.com Website: www.oiltek.com.my

Netherlands

*CPM Europe BV Rijder 2, Zaandam 1507 DN Tel: +31 75 65 12 611 Fax: +31 75 65 12 600 E-mail: arthur.von.hofe@cpmeurope.nl Website: www.cpmeurope.nl Other: Flaking, cracking, preparation *Dinnissen Process Technology Horsterweg 66, Sevenum 5975 NB Tel: +31 77 467 3555

Fax: +31 77 467 3785 E-mail: powtech@dinnissen.nl Website: www.dinnissen.nl *Filtration Group BV Hanzeweg 21, 7241 CS Lochem Tel: +31 573 29 77 81 E-mail: karel.verheesen@filtrationgroup.com Website: www.filtrationgroup.com Other: Filtration systems, fine filtration, solidliquid filtration

Norway

Nel Hydrogen Electrolyser Heddalsvegen 11 Notodden 3671 Tel: +47 350 93838 E-mail: helan@nelhydrogen.com Website: www.nelhydrogen.com

Singapore

*Beaver Contromatic Pte Ltd 30 Shaw Road, Unit 02-02 to 06 Singapore 367957 Tel: +65 9069 7671; Fax: +65 6743 1194 E-mail: bcvalves@beavercontro.com Website: www.beavercontro.com Other: Ball and butterfly valves, illumination and observation equipment, in-line filters, valves for critical processes *Boerger Pumps Asia Pte Ltd 17 Boon Lay Way, #01-48 Tradehub 21 Singapore 609965 Tel: +65 629 540; Fax: +65 629 542 E-mail: asia@boerger.com Website: www.boerger.com Other: Pumps, macerators *Lipico Technologies Pte Ltd 61 Bukit Batok Crescent Unit 06-03/06 Heng Loong Building Singapore 658078 Tel: +65 6316 7800; Fax: +65 6316 7830 E-mail: sg.enquiry@lipico.com Website: www.lipico.com Other: Biodiesel and oleochemical refining *Lipotech Project Engineering Pte Ltd 21, Bukit Batok Crescent, #27-75 WCEGA Tower, Singapore 658065 Tel: +65 6515 0027; Fax: +65 6515 0037 E-mail: sudarshan@lipotechprojects.com *Technithon International Pte Ltd 24 Sin Ming Lane #06-98, Midview City Singapore 573970 Tel: +65 6659 2641 E-mail: info@trivedigroupe.com Website: www.trivedigroupe.com

Spain

Equirepsa Colombia 64, Madrid 28016 Tel: +34 91 3455444 E-mail: equirepsa@equirepsa.com Website: www.equirepsa.com Other: Static mixers, oil coolers, tank mixers (eductors)

*Fundiciones Balaguer SA Polig Ind Los Vasalos Parc 104 Onil Alicante 03430 Tel: +34 96 556 4850 E-mail: info@balaguer-rolls.com Website: www.balaguer-rolls.com *Sepiolsa Pol Ind Miralcampo Avda Del Acero 14-16 Azuqueca De Henares Guadalajara 19200 Tel: +34 9490 10 000 E-mail: info@sepiolsa.com Website: www.sepiolsa.com

Sweden

*Perten Instruments PO Box 9006 Hägersten 126 09 Tel: +46 8 505 80 900 E-mail: info@perten.com Website: www.perten.com Tapflo Fileregatan 4 Kungälv S-442 34 Tel: +46 303 63390 Fax: +46 303 19916 E-mail: sales@tapflo.com Website: www.tapflo.com

Switzerland

*Bühler AG Gupfenstrasse 5 Uzwil 9240 Tel: +41 71 955 11 11 Fax: +41 71 655 33 79 E-mail: buhler.uzwil@buhlergroup.com Website: www.buhlergroup.com *Buss ChemTech AG Hohenrainstrasse 12A Pratteln 4133 Tel: +41 61 825 64 62 E-mail: thomas.blocher@buss-tc.com Website: www.buss-tc.com

Turkey

*Entil AS OSB 15 Cad No: 2 Eskisehir 26110 Tel: +90 222 237 57 46 Fax: +90 222 237 26 75 E-mail: mehmetgurkaynak@entil.com.tr Website: www.entil.com.tr Other: Rolls for oilseed, chocolate, flour and feed industries, cracking, flaking Keller & Vardarci Lrd Sti Cinar Sok No 12 Ege Serbest Bölgesi Gaziemir Izmir 35410 Tel: +90 2324 784814 Fax: +90 2324 784827 E-mail: info@keller-vardarci.com Website: www.keller-vardarci.com

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United Arab Emirates

*Ecore LOB 16, Office 313, Jebel Ali Free Zone Dubai 18453 Tel: +971 4887 3071 Fax: +971 4887 3072 E-mail: wael.gaama@ecoremena.com Website: www.ecoremena.com *Metan FZCO 2293, Jafza View 18 Jebel Ali, Dubai 61389 Tel: +971 4889 5647 Fax: +971 4889 5657 E-mail: m@metanfz.com Website: www.metan.ae Other: Plant oil solvent extraction

UK

Chemtech International Ltd Crownhouse 1 A, High Street Theale Reading RG7 5AH Tel: +44 118 9861222 E-mail: emre@chemtechinternational.com Website: www.tmcigroup.com Other: Block wrappers, bag-in-box fillers De Smet Rosedowns Ltd Cannon Street Hull HU2 0AD Tel: +44 1482 329864 Fax: +44 1482 325887 E-mail: info@rosedowns.co.uk Website: www.rosedowns.co.uk *Europa Crown Limited Waterside Business Park, Livingstone Road Hessle, East Yorkshire HU13 0EG Tel: +44 1482 640099 Fax: +44 1482 649194 E-mail: sales@europacrown.com Website: www.europacrown.com Other: Soya protein concentrates, speciality extraction *Oxford Instruments Tubney Woods Abingdon OX13 5QX Tel: +44 1865 393 200 Fax: +44 1865 393 333 E-mail: barry.jones@oxinst.com Website: www.oxford-instruments.com

Ukraine

OEP Gradoil LLC 37-G, Murmanska Street smt Nove Kropyvnytskyi 25491 Tel: +380 522 27 15 00 E-mail: o.vorontsov@gradoil.com.ua Website: www.gradoil.com.ua

USA

*Anderson International Corp 4545 Boyce Parkway Stow, Ohio 44224 Tel: +1 216 641 1112 Fax: +1 330 688 0117 E-mail: mark.kelly@andersonintl.net Website: www.andersonintl.net Other: Pet food, animal feed

Arisdyne Systems Inc 17909 Cleveland Parkway Cleveland, Ohio 44135 Tel: +1 216 458 1991 E-mail: dlitle@arisdyne.com Website: www.arisdyne.com Other: Hydrodynamic cavitation devices *Crown Iron Works 2500 W Country Road C Roseville, Minnesota 55113 Tel: +1 651 639 8900 Fax: +1 651 639 8051 E-mail: sales@crowniron.com Website: www.crowniron.com *Dupps Company PO Box 95, Germantown, Ohio 45327 Tel: +1 937 855 6555 Fax: +1 937 855 6554 E-mail: jlyle@dupps.com Website: www.dupps.com *French Oil Mill Machinery Company 1035 W. Greene Street, PO Box 920 Piqua, Ohio 45356 Tel: +1 937 773 3420 Fax: +1 937773 3424 E-mail: oilseedsales@frenchoil.com Website: www.frenchoil.com Other: Screw presses, lab presses, cookers/ conditioners, flaking mills Oil Dri Corporation of America 410 N Michigan Ave #400 Chicago, Illinois Tel: +1 312 321 1515 E-mail: fluidspurification@oildri.com Website: www.oildri.com/fluids Other: Bleaching earths

Pope Scientific Inc PO Box 80018 Saukville, Wisconsin 53080 Tel: +1 262 268 9300 Fax: +1 262 268 9400 E-mail: sales@popeinc.com Website: www.popeinc.com Other: Distillation, essential oils and flavours, molecular short path stills *PQ Corporation 300 Lindenwood Dr Malvern, Pennsylvania 19087 Tel: +1 610 651 4200 E-mail: PQWeb.CustomerService@pqcorp.com Website: www.pqcorp.com *Westway Terminals 9325 East Avenue S Houston, Texas 77012 Tel: +1 713 514 1015 Fax: +1 713 924 5032 E-mail: kortnie.joyner@westway.com Website: www.westwayterminals.com The above companies are a selection of plant, equipment and technology suppliers to the oils and fats industry who have replied to an Oils & Fats International questionnaire this year.

Please refer to ‘Summary Table of Company Activities’ chart for companies’ areas of operation. *Denotes entries from previous questionnaires ‘Other’ refers to other activities selected in the accompanying chart

READ THE NEXT ISSUE OFI JULY/AUGUST 2017 FEATURES Transport/logistics/shipping/storage Renewable resources Oilseeds - Canola in South Africa OFI India 2017 review

Bonus circulation 15th Euro Fed Lipid Congress, Uppsala, Sweden, 27-30 August oils+fats Trade Fair, Munich, Germany, 11-15 September Globoil 2017, India, 13-15 September Black Sea Oil Trade, Kyiv, Ukraine, 19 September FOR ADVERTISING ENQUIRIES, CONTACT Mark Winthrop-Wallace (International) Sales Manager Tel: +44 (0) 1737 855114 Email: markww@quartzltd.com

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STATISTIC S

EU SOYA, SUNFLOWER AND CORN OIL, 2012-17 (US$/MT)

GERMAN BIODIESEL AND DIESEL PRICES, 2012-17 (US$/L)

US UNLEADED PETROL AND ETHANOL, 2012-17 (US$/GAL)

STATISTICAL NEWS FROM MINTEC Soyabean, sunflower and maize oil Soyabean oil prices fell in Q1 2017 due to high yields from USA and Brazil in the 2016/17 season. Global production was estimated to have risen 10% y-o-y to 354.4M tonnes. Global supply and demand balance showed a surplus of 17M tonnes at the end of Q1 2017.

However, prices began to recover at the end of May due to higher demand and concerns over delayed planting.

Sunflower oil prices fell during Q1 2017 due to record sunflower seed production in Russia and Ukraine.

Within Ukraine, sunflower oil production also reached a record of 439,000 tonnes in 2016/17. Prices faced downward pressure due to estimates that 2017/18 crop yields could be as large as in 2016/17 due to favourable planting conditions. However, prices have started to rise due to seasonally declining stocks.

Maize oil prices followed the general upward trend of feedstock maize prices in Q1 2017. Prices climbed due to expectations of lower sowings in 2017/18, with harvested area forecast down 5% y-o-y at 33.3M ha, resulting in a lowered production forecast of 357.3M tonnes, down 7% y-o-y.

Biodiesel and diesel EU biodiesel prices were down in Q1 2017 due to large falls in the price of all four major vegetable oils.

However, prices started to rise in May, in line with price rises in the vegetable oil market. Diesel prices remained steady through January and February, in line with the prices of crude oil, which stabilised due to OPEC production cuts. Prices fell 9% in March due to good supply and low demand.

Unleaded petrol and ethanol Ethanol prices were volatile during Q1 2017. However, prices were pushed down at the end of Q1 as sugar producers switched to ethanol production. Unleaded petrol prices were also unstable in Q1 in line with crude oil prices. OPEC oil production cuts drove prices up, but increased oil production from the US dragged them downwards.

808 794 786 797 733 690 635 661 694 671 613 637 1,645 1,505 1,520 1,529 862 836 818 796 810 786 788 801 1,520 1,193 1,014 1,044

Mintec works in partnership with sales, purchasing and supply chain professionals to deliver valuable insight into worldwide commodity and raw materials markets using innovative technology and a knowledgeable team of specialists. We provide independent insight and trusted data to help the world’s most prestigious brands to make informed commercial decisions.

1,010 239

Tel: +44 (0) 1628 851313 E-mail: sales@mintecglobal.com Website: www.mintecglobal.com

PRICES OF SELECTED OILS (US$/TONNE) 2015 Soyabean Crude Palm Palm Olein Coconut Rapeseed Sunflower Palm Kernel

Average price INDEX

Jan 17

747 853 637 760 602 716 1,099 1,756 773 911 846 822 901 1,696 801 1,073 190 154

Feb 17

Mar 17

925 219

Apr 17 May 17

882 209

895 212

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Visit us at OFI Munich September 11 – 15, 2017

Hall C1 Stall 122

Every bean is precious.

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Bühler’s process technology and associated equipment for Hot Dehulling and Warm Dehulling is setting highest efficiency standards in soybean preparation.

At every stage – heating, popping, cracking, hull separation and subsequent flaking – the machinery works seamlessly together to minimize total cost of ownership and to extract highest amounts of oil from both, freshly harvested and highmoisture soybeans.

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Science behind Technology

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OILSEED CRUSHING MILLS SOLVENT EXTRACTION FISH OIL/MEAL PROCESSING RENDERING/FAT MELTING PLANT PELLETING MILLS OTHER DEGUMMING WINTERISING CRYSTALLISATION OIL DISTILLATION/FRACTIONATION ALKALI & PHYSICAL REFINING INTERESTERIFICATION MISCELLA REFINING DEODORISERS BLEACHERS OIL DRYERS FAT SPLITTING FATTY ACID DISTIL’N/FRACT’N OTHER HYDROGEN GENERATORS HYDROGEN SYSTEMS OTHER COOKING/SALAD OILS BUTTER FORMULATION SHORTENING/MARGARINE PROD’N VITAMIN E PRODUCTION LECITHIN PRODUCTION SULPHONATION ETHOXYLATION/PROPOXYLATION DETERGENT FORMULATION DETERGENT PRODUCTION SOAP PRODUCTION SOAP FINISHING COSMETICS PRODUCTION GLYCERINE REFINING FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES PHARMACEUTICALS BIODIESEL/METHYL ESTER OTHER PNEUMATIC CONVEYORS BELT CONVEYORS VIBRATORY CONVEYORS SLATTED CONVEYORS ELEVATORS LOADING ARMS/CHUTES AUGER FEEDERS STORAGE SILOS STORAGE TANKS OTHER SCREENS CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS GRAVITY SEPARATORS MAGNETIC SEPARATORS MEMBRANE SEPARATORS FILTER PRESSES PRESSURE LEAF FILTERS OTHER PACKING EQUIPMENT INSTRUMENTATION PUMPS/FLUID HANDLING VACUUM SYSTEMS/EJECTORS PROCESS HEATING SYSTEMS STEAM BOILER THERMAL OIL HEATER HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM OTHER

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SEA–Tank Terminal China

Myande Group

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Famsun Oils & Fats Engineering

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Scikoon Industry

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Xiamen Bentonite International Denmark

Gerstenberg Services

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Alfa Laval Copenhagen Germany

Buss-SMS-Canzler

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B+B Engineering

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Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GEA Aktiellengeschaft

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CPM SKET

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GekaKonus

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Körting Hannover

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INTEC Engineering

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Shcneider Engineering

VetterTec

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Siwaco

India

AkashaViha Foods

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Cotecna Inspection India

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Dynamic Equipments

Fenix Process Technologies

Flosys Pumps

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Chempro Technovation

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Advanded Enzyme Technologies

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Kevin Enterprises

Kirloskar Pneumatic

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HRS Process Systems

Muez-Hest India

Sharplex Filters (India)

Spec Engineers & Consultants

United Oil Mill Machinery & Spares

Veendeep Oiltek Exports

Italy

Andreotti Impianti

CMB Italy Technoilogy

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Science behind Technology

w OILSEED CRUSHING MILLS w w w w w w SOLVENT EXTRACTION w w FISH OIL/MEAL PROCESSING w w w w w w RENDERING/FAT MELTING PLANT w PELLETING MILLS w w w OTHER w w w w w w w w DEGUMMING w w ww w w w w WINTERISING w w w w w w w CRYSTALLISATION w w w w w OIL DISTILLATION/FRACTIONATION w w w w w w ALKALI & PHYSICAL REFINING w w w -OFI-2015v001.indd w w w 1INTERESTERIFICATION 87x265Annonce w w w w w MISCELLA REFINING w w w w w w w DEODORISERS w w w w w w w BLEACHERS w w w w OIL DRYERS w w w w w w FAT SPLITTING w w w w w w FATTY ACID DISTIL’N/FRACT’N w w OTHER w w HYDROGEN GENERATORS w w w HYDROGEN SYSTEMS w w w OTHER w COOKING/SALAD OILS w w BUTTER FORMULATION w w w w w w SHORTENING/MARGARINE PROD’N VITAMIN E PRODUCTION w w w w LECITHIN PRODUCTION w SULPHONATION ETHOXYLATION/PROPOXYLATION DETERGENT FORMULATION DETERGENT PRODUCTION w SOAP PRODUCTION w w SOAP FINISHING COSMETICS PRODUCTION w w w w w GLYCERINE REFINING w w w w w FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES w PHARMACEUTICALS w w w w w w BIODIESEL/METHYL ESTER w OTHER w PNEUMATIC CONVEYORS w w w BELT CONVEYORS w w w VIBRATORY CONVEYORS w w SLATTED CONVEYORS w w ELEVATORS w w LOADING ARMS/CHUTES w w AUGER FEEDERS w w STORAGE SILOS w w w STORAGE TANKS w w OTHER SCREENS CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS GRAVITY SEPARATORS MAGNETIC SEPARATORS MEMBRANE SEPARATORS FILTER PRESSES PRESSURE LEAF FILTERS OTHER PACKING EQUIPMENT INSTRUMENTATION PUMPS/FLUID HANDLING VACUUM SYSTEMS/EJECTORS PROCESS HEATING SYSTEMS STEAM BOILER THERMAL OIL HEATER HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM OTHER

Mectech Process Engineering

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Mazda Limited

Plant & technology chart 2017: Summary table of company activities

5/2/16 1:29 PM

Extraction Refining

Extraction

Refining

Hydrogenation

End user processes/equipment

PROCESS PLANT & EQUIPMENT

12/06/2017 09:39

ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

Storage & handling

Screens & filtration

Other equipment

PROCESS PLANT & EQUIPMENT ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

Hydrogenation

End user processes/equipment Storage & handling Screens & filtration Other equipment

4/29/

OILSEED CRUSHING MILLS SOLVENT EXTRACTION FISH OIL/MEAL PROCESSING RENDERING/FAT MELTING PLANT PELLETING MILLS OTHER DEGUMMING WINTERISING CRYSTALLISATION OIL DISTILLATION/FRACTIONATION ALKALI & PHYSICAL REFINING INTERESTERIFICATION MISCELLA REFINING DEODORISERS BLEACHERS OIL DRYERS FAT SPLITTING FATTY ACID DISTIL’N/FRACT’N OTHER HYDROGEN GENERATORS HYDROGEN SYSTEMS OTHER COOKING/SALAD OILS BUTTER FORMULATION SHORTENING/MARGARINE PROD’N VITAMIN E PRODUCTION LECITHIN PRODUCTION SULPHONATION ETHOXYLATION/PROPOXYLATION DETERGENT FORMULATION DETERGENT PRODUCTION SOAP PRODUCTION SOAP FINISHING COSMETICS PRODUCTION GLYCERINE REFINING FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES PHARMACEUTICALS BIODIESEL/METHYL ESTER OTHER PNEUMATIC CONVEYORS BELT CONVEYORS VIBRATORY CONVEYORS SLATTED CONVEYORS ELEVATORS LOADING ARMS/CHUTES AUGER FEEDERS STORAGE SILOS STORAGE TANKS OTHER SCREENS CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS GRAVITY SEPARATORS MAGNETIC SEPARATORS MEMBRANE SEPARATORS FILTER PRESSES PRESSURE LEAF FILTERS OTHER PACKING EQUIPMENT INSTRUMENTATION PUMPS/FLUID HANDLING VACUUM SYSTEMS/EJECTORS PROCESS HEATING SYSTEMS STEAM BOILER THERMAL OIL HEATER HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM OTHER

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Servizi Industriali

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Desmet Ballestra Jordan

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Mitchells Europe

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ExcelVite

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Felda IFFCO

Intec Energy Systems

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JCT Packaging Solution

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Oiltek

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CPM Europe

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Dinnissen Process Technology

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Filtration Group

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Nel Hydrogen Electrolyser

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Boerger Pumps Asia

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Lipotech Project Engineering

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Beaver Contromatic

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Technithon International

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Equirepsa

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Sepiolsa

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Perten Instruments

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Tapflo

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Buss ChemTech

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Keller & Vardarci Industries

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Entil

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Ecore

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Metan FZCO

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Chemtech International

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Europa Crown

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De Smet Rosedowns

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OEP Gradoil

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Anderson International

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French Oil Mill Machinery

Oil Dri Corporation of America

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Pope Scientific

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PQ Corporation

Westway Terminals

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Science behind Technology

OILSEED CRUSHING MILLS SOLVENT EXTRACTION FISH OIL/MEAL PROCESSING RENDERING/FAT MELTING PLANT PELLETING MILLS OTHER DEGUMMING WINTERISING CRYSTALLISATION OIL DISTILLATION/FRACTIONATION ALKALI & PHYSICAL REFINING

w INTERESTERIFICATION 87x265Annonce -OFI-2015v001.indd 1 w w w MISCELLA REFINING w DEODORISERS w w BLEACHERS w w w OIL DRYERS w FAT SPLITTING w w FATTY ACID DISTIL’N/FRACT’N OTHER w HYDROGEN GENERATORS HYDROGEN SYSTEMS OTHER w w COOKING/SALAD OILS BUTTER FORMULATION SHORTENING/MARGARINE PROD’N w VITAMIN E PRODUCTION w w LECITHIN PRODUCTION SULPHONATION ETHOXYLATION/PROPOXYLATION DETERGENT FORMULATION DETERGENT PRODUCTION SOAP PRODUCTION SOAP FINISHING w COSMETICS PRODUCTION w w GLYCERINE REFINING w FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES w PHARMACEUTICALS w w w w BIODIESEL/METHYL ESTER w OTHER PNEUMATIC CONVEYORS BELT CONVEYORS VIBRATORY CONVEYORS SLATTED CONVEYORS ELEVATORS LOADING ARMS/CHUTES AUGER FEEDERS STORAGE SILOS w w STORAGE TANKS OTHER SCREENS CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS w GRAVITY SEPARATORS w MAGNETIC SEPARATORS MEMBRANE SEPARATORS FILTER PRESSES PRESSURE LEAF FILTERS OTHER w PACKING EQUIPMENT INSTRUMENTATION PUMPS/FLUID HANDLING VACUUM SYSTEMS/EJECTORS PROCESS HEATING SYSTEMS STEAM BOILER THERMAL OIL HEATER HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM OTHER

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Crown Iron Works

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Arisdyne Systems

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Extraction

Refining

Mawlawi Group Luxembourg Malaysia

Netherlands

Norway

Singapore

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland Turkey

United Arab Emirates

UK

Ukraine USA

Plant & technology chart 2017: Summary table of company activities

Extraction Refining P&E Chart 2017.indd 2

PROCESS PLANT & EQUIPMENT

4/29/15 6:08 PM

Leading Oils & Fats technologies

PREPARATION

Cleaning • Cracking • Dehulling Conditioning • Flaking • Expanding

PRESSING

Full Pressing • Prepressing

EXTRACTION

Extractors • Desolventing Toasting Distillation • Solvent Recovery

REFINING

Degumming • Neutralising • Bleaching Winterising • Deodorising

FAT MODIFICATION

4/30/15 10:34 AM

12/06/2017 09:39

Fractionation • Hydrogenation • Interesterification

OLEOCHEMICALS

Science behind Technology

Methylesters • Glycerine • Biodiesel Fatty Acids • Fatty Alcohols

v2-87x265General-OFI-2015.indd 1

ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

Hydrogenation

End user processes/equipment

Storage & handling

Screens & filtration

Other equipment

PROCESS PLANT & EQUIPMENT ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

Hydrogenation

End user processes/equipment Storage & handling Screens & filtration Other equipment