VTNE Practice Test A With Complete Solution A vial of penicillin contains 2,000,000 units of the dry drug. To make the penicillin into a solution that contains 400,000 units per ml, how much diluent is needed? - 2 ml - 4 ml - 5 ml - 10 ml - 5 ml When an anesthetized patient is to be placed on a circular or semiclosed anesthesia circuit, the correct reservoir bag size is determined by using which of the following? - 60 ml/lb/min - 60 ml/lb - 60 ml/kg - 60 ml/kg/min - 60 ml/kg It is necessary to immunize ferrets against: - feline panleukopenia - feline rhinotracheitis - canine hepatitis - canine distemper - Canine distemper endotrachel intubation of the horse is usually performed: - blindly - with the aid of a laryngoscopes - by palpation of the larynx - with direct visualization of the larynx - Blindly In an anesthetized patient, hypocarbia (hypocapnia) could be attributed to: - exhausted soda lime - low respiratory rate - excess artificial ventilation - kinked endotracheal tube - Excess artificial ventilation Which solution is contraindicated as a surgical prep if electrocautery is being used during the procedure. - povidone iodine - hexachlorophene
- isopropyl alcohol - chlorhexidine - Isopropyl alcohol Ivermectin is classified as which type of agent? - fungicide - anthelmintic - antibiotic - disinfectant - Anthelmintic When discharging a patient that is wearing a fentanyl patch, instructions to the owners should include: - skin irritation from the patch is considered a normal reaction - proper use and disposal of the patch - duration of pain control is 24 hours - gloves are not necessary when handling the patch - Proper use and disposal of the patch Acepromazine is classified as a(n): - neuroleptanalgesic - anticholinergic - dissociative - tranquilizer - Tranquilizer The correct names of the four valves of the heart are: - pulmonic, systolic, atrial, and tricuspid - mitral, pulmonic, aortic, and tricuspid - aortic, diastolic, septal, and mitral - mitral, pulmonic, atrial, and tricuspid - Mitral, pulmonic, aortic, and tricuspid If anaphylaxis occurs after the administration of any vaccine or drug, which drug will best reverse the effect of shock? - antihistamines - epinephrine - doxapram - dexamethasone - Epinephrine In treating hypovolemic shock in the canine, the most important form of therapy is to: - administer IV fluids - inject corticosteroids - keep the patient warm - give analgesics - Administer IV fluids
Which of the following is the smallest suture? - #1 -0 - 3-0 - 5-0 - 5-0 When a patient shows clinical signs of dyspnea and cyanosis, the technician should check for: - ataxia - hypothermia - respiratory obstruction - urethral obstruction - Respiratory obstruction For a 20-kg dog that is 5% dehydrated, how much fluid replacement is required? - 250 ml - 500 ml - 1000 ml - 2000 ml - 1000 ml A vial containing 1 gram of medication has to be reconstituted to a 2.5% solution (w/v). What volume of diluent is needed and what concentration will result? - 25 mL, resulting in a concentration of 4 mg/L - 40 mL, resulting in a concentration of 2.5 mg/L - 40 mL, resulting in a concentration of 4 mg/mL - 40 mL, resulting in a concentration of 25 mg/mL - 40 ml, resulting in a concentration of 25 mg/ml In the anesthetized, healthy patient, which of the following abnormalities is most commonly encountered? - Respiratory alkalosis - Metabolic acidosis - Metabolic alkalosis - Respiratory acidosis - Respiratory acidosis The standard culture medium used for bacterial sensitivity testing is: - MacConkey - Hektoen enteric - Sabouraud dextrose - Mueller-Hinton - Mueller-Hinton The inhalant anesthetic isoflurane:
- is a liquid at room temperature when stored in a sealed container - is odorless - is flammable - does not vaporize at room temperature when stored in an open container - Is a liquid at room temperature when stored in a sealed container For horses under anesthesia in lateral recumbency, padding and positioning of the front legs and head is important to prevent: - decubital sores - granuloma - laminitis - neuromuscular damage - Neuromuscular damage adequate tissue perfusion is presumed when an animal exhibits normal: - heart rate - body temperature - capillary refill - pupillary size - Capillary refill Which hormone is responsible for the rupture of an ovarian follicle and the release of a mature egg from an ovary? - Luteinizing hormone - Estrogen - Follicle stimulating hormone - Progesterone - Luteinizing hormone The most profound adverse effect of the opioid drugs is: - respiratory depression - decreased heart rate - bowel hypermotility - decreased blood pressure - Respiratory depression How long is the gestation period in the mare? - 112-115 days - 148-156 days - 280-290 days - 326-354 days - 326-354 days Inanimate objects contaminated with pathogens are referred to as:
- carriers - hosts - fomites - vectors - Fomites Which of the following parasites requires an intermediate host in order to complete the life cycle.? - ascarid - hookworm - coccidia - heartworm - Heartworm basophillic stippling of RBCs is a characteristic finding in: - lead poisoning in dogs - anemia in horses - acetaminophen toxicity in cats - healthy avian blood - Lead poisoning in dogs An effective drug for treating anaphylaxis is: - calcium gluconate - piperazine - procaine - epinephrine - Epinephrine If a horse is given 825 mL of a 10% solution of guaifenesin, the amount in grams of guaifenesin given is: - 0.825 g - 8.25 g - 82.5 g - 825 g - 82.5 g Which of the following does not increase radiographic density? - increased kVp - increased distance from target - increased developing time - increased developing temperature - Increased distance from target Anemia due to the lack of iron and chronic blood loss are classified as: - microcytic, hypochromic - macrocytic, polychromatic
- macrocytic, hypochromic - microcytic, polychromatic - Microcytic, hypochromic Bordetella vaccine is given to dogs to prevent: - Lyme disease - parainfluenza - distemper - tracheobronchitis - Tracheobronchitis Which type of suture material is more likely to "wick" fluid along it and therefore, should not be used in a contaminated environment? - Catgut - Monofilament - Stainless steel - Braided polyglactin 910 - Braided polyglactin 910 A palpebral reflex is checked at the: - pupil - foot - eyelid - throat - Eyelid Which of the following is the most likely complication of endotracheal tube cuff overinflation during lengthy anesthesia? - Air leakage from the cuff - Cuff rotation within the trachea - Tissue necrosis - Cuff wear and tear - Tissue necrosis What is the advantage of using a narcotic as a premedication? - increased analgesia - increased blood pressure - decreased salivation - decreased respirations - Increased analgesia In cattle, an increase in fibrinogen relative to the other plasma proteins is most likely to be due to: - estrus - inflammation - ketosis
- pregnancy - Inflammation When skeletal muscles are not being used, or when they lose their nerve supply, they tend to: - hypertrophy - atrophy - necrose - dystrophy - Atrophy In radiographic terminology, to which of the following does the term density refer? - The difference in anatomical detail observable between two areas on the radiograph - The concentration of X rays produced - The thickness of the radiograph - The degree of blackness of the radiograph - The degree of blackness of the radiograph Butorphanol tartrate has been prescribed for a Pomeranian with a collapsed trachea. The client should be cautioned that a common side effect of this drug is: - hyperventilation - tachycardia - polydipsia - sedation - Sedation The primary function of the segmented neutrophil is: - to remove histamine from the tissues - the phagocytosis of small particles - the antigen/antibody response - to transport oxygen to the tissues - The phagocytosis of small particles The contrast media that are most used in veterinary radiography are iodine, barium sulfate, and: - water - urine - air - feces - Air Cells that line the thoracic, pericardial, and abdominal cavities are known as: - mast cells - macrophages - Schwann cells - mesothelial cells - Mesothelial cells
Constant Rate Infusion (CRI) of an analgesic: - rarely requires a loading dose - is administered in large amounts over a short period of time - avoids peaks and valleys normally seen with a bolus injection - provides excellent analgesia in dogs but not in cats - Avoids peaks and valleys normally seen with a bolus injection Which of the following instruments is used for removing subgingival plaque? - curette - elevator - scaler - calculus forceps - Curette A correct statement about vaccines is that they contain: - antibodies - t-lymphocytes - b-lymphocytes - antigens - Antigens Which of the following is the common name of the first upper premolar tooth in the horse? - incisor - canine - wolf - carnassial - Wolf A rising antibody titer in paired serum samples taken 2 weeks apart indicates a: - latent infection - lack of infection - past infection - recent infection - Recent infection Which surface of the tooth meets the opposite tooth during mastication? - lingual - buccal - occlusal - labial - Occlusal How many grams of sodium chloride should be dissolved in 1.5 L of water to make a 12% solution?
- 1.8 g - 18 g - 180 g - 1800 g - 1.8 g Which of the following forceps do veterinary surgeons most often use to aid in suturing? - Kelly - Adson - Halsted - Babcock - Adson Which of the following is an analgesic drug commonly administered via a transdermal patch? - Oxymorphone - Meloxicam - Xylazine - Fentanyl - Fentanyl The term that is used to describe the removal of the dorsal, bony roof of the spinal canal is: - myectomy - laminectomy - neurectomy - caudectomy - Laminectomy Onychectomy is correctly defined as the surgical removal of: - ovaries - tonsils - testicles - claws - Claws A decrease in RBC size observed during a CBC should be noted as: - hypochromasia - macrocytosis - normocytosis - microcytosis - Microcytosis pocalcemia is commonly seen in: - lactating animals - the second trimester of pregnancy
- unweaned animals - animals exhibiting lactose intolerance - Lactating animals The lingual surface of the tooth is closest to the: - cheek - tongue - palate - lips - Tongue For a midline ovariohysterectomy, the patient is positioned in which type of recumbency? - Left lateral - Ventral - Dorsal - Right lateral - Dorsal All of the following drug groups produce analgesia except: - barbiturates - alpha-2 agonists - phenothiazines - opioids - Phenothiazines When the veterinarian orders radiographs to investigate a suspected fracture of the left olecranon in a canine patient, the technician should radiograph the left: - carpus - elbow - stifle - tarsus - Elbow During surgery, an atraumatic method of hemostasis is: - clamping with hemostatic forceps - wiping with gauze sponges - blotting with gauze sponges - ligation with suture material - Blotting with gauze sponges After parturition, a cow may become partially or totally paralyzed with which of the following types of paralysis? - Perineal - Obturator - Median - Femoral - Obturator
After Gram staining, any bacterium that looks reddish-pink under the microscope is: - alpha-hemolytic - Gram-negative - acid-fast - Gram-positive - Gram-negative The primary reason that vasoconstrictors are added to local anesthetics is to: - increase the duration of action - increase the area affected by the anesthetic - minimize toxicity - decrease the duration of action - Increase the duration of action Which type of immunoassay typically results in the visible clumping of particles? - Fluorescent antibody testing - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) - Agglutination test - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - Agglutination Overinflation of an endotracheal tube cuff in the trachea of an anesthetized animal may result in: - immediate dyspnea - emesis - laryngospasm - pressure necrosis - Pressure necrosis In an anesthetized animal, pale-gray mucous membranes are indicative of: - hypercapnia - hyperventilation - poor tissue perfusion - arrhythmia - Poor tissue perfusion A radiograph that has been overexposed is: - very detailed - too dark - not developable - too light - Too dark Lipase is a pancreatic enzyme that: - degrades carbohydrates
- activates insulin - degrades fat - activates proteins - Degrades fat The neutrophilic segmented cell belongs to the: - plasmacytic series - monocytic series - granulocytic series - erythrocytic series - Granulocytic series Which of the following diseases is caused by Protozoa? - pasteurellosis - trichomoniasis - salmonellosis - leptospirosis - Trichomoniasis Metoclopramide belongs to which class of drugs? - antiemetic - anti-infective agent - nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent - muscle relaxant - Antiemetic Which of the following is a common side effect of glucocorticoid usage? - Polyuria - Inappetence - Vomiting - Pruritus - Polyuria Cattle are commonly vaccinated against which of the following zoonotic diseases, which can be spread by the urine of deer and rats? - Leptospirosis - Borreliosis - Campylobacteriosis - Brucellosis - Leptospirosis