INTRODUCTION
Organization of player development by age and stage 2. BASIC STAGE – 9 TO 12 YEARS OLD
Children do not learn in the same way as adults, especially when the learning process involves both intellectual and physical activity. Age conditions the way a person perceives and interacts with the world and with others. In any learning process, age is the key component in selecting appropriate content and methodology. Soccer is no different. For this reason we must not train 6 year old players the same way as 13 years old players. Training sessions must be adapted to the age of the players. Taking into consideration the characteristics of human and player development, we have structured the curriculum into four age groups. The first two age groups are: 1. INITIAL STAGE – 5 TO 8 YEARS OLD
At this age children do not have the same capacity as adults to analyze the environment. They explore and have an egocentric conception of the world. Children are still gathering the experience necessary to interact with their surroundings and with others. Also, empathy and the capacity to consider the thoughts and feelings of others is very low. In order to help children build their own experience, many exercises will be individual (e.g. each player will have a ball). The tactical component of the game will be reduced to small-sided games with basic explanations about space distribution. Training sessions will be treated more as physical education than specifically as soccer training. U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
At this stage, the structure (but not the content) of the training sessions will be similar to that of older players. The main component of the training session will be technical. It is sensible at this age to develop technique and basic tactical understanding. Children’s capacity to solve problems increases significantly. Therefore players will begin working on basic and dynamic tactical scenarios. At this stage, players are pre-pubescent and have important physical limitations in terms of strength and endurance. 3. INTERMEDIATE STAGE – 13 AND 14 YEARS OLD
Players at this age develop a good understanding of the game. However, these players are limited by their physical size and the significant changes, which arise with puberty. Safety should be the number one priority for the coach. The coach must be cautious to avoid overtraining should focus more on tactical and technical elements of the game and less on the physical aspects. Tactical training plays an important role at this age. 4. ADVANCED STAGE – 15 TO 18 YEARS OLD
Players at this age have completed most of their physical and mental development. All components of training can be combined and organized with the purpose of developing the highest potential of the player. The strength of the muscles helps to develop technique at high speed and this speed helps the player to react faster to tactical situations. This stage is crucial for combining all the components of soccer in order to increase the players’ soccer knowledge. These are some of the facts in terms of human development adapted to soccer. In this document these facts are used to develop the most appropriate training methodology for each age group.
37
PLAYER STAGES
Age groups organized by stage
PLAYER STAGES 1. INITIAL STAGE
2. BASIC STAGE
3. INTERMEDIATE STAGE
4. ADVANCED STAGE
5. SPECIFIC STAGE
U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 U17 U18
U19 U20
6. PERFORMANCE
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
Senior
38
PRINCIPLES OF AGE APPROPRIATE DEVELOPMENT Training characteristics based on human development STAGES
AGE GROUPS U6
CHARACTERISTICS Very young players from 5 to 8 years of age love to play. Therefore, all practices should be based on fun games. Players must spend the maximum time possible in contact with the ball and experiment by themselves.
INITIAL
U7 For the first time the player has to build a relationship with other players. Give different responsibilities to the players in order to develop a sense of team. U8
Basic motor skills like walking, running or jumping have to be combined with ball handling and ball control.
U9
Pre-pubescent players from age 9 to 12 years have a special ability to learn. Therefore, this is the right age to work on specific soccer techniques and skills. Developing good technique is essential at this age.
U10 BASIC U11
1v1 and 2v1 attacking and defending situations are important to develop individual skills as well as the passing techniques to develop the necessary team game. Use small-sided games to develop basic attacking and defensive principles. Other important aspects of tactical training are possession, combination play, transition and finishing in the final third, as well as zonal defending. Players will rotate in two or three different positions to avoid early specialization.
U12
Speed, coordination, balance and agility are the main physical aspects to improve at this stage.
U13
At this stage, training sessions are orientated more toward tactics and the player will practice in bigger spaces. Players must practice all different types of techniques at this stage. Strength and endurance should be part of the fitness training. Coaching methods have to consider and preserve players’ health since they will be experiencing many changes due to puberty at this stage. Warm-ups and cool downs are essential as is dynamic flexibility.
INTERMEDIATE
U14
Players must develop discipline at this stage by following the instructions of the coach both during and outside training sessions.
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
39
PRINCIPLES OF AGE APPROPRIATE DEVELOPMENT Training characteristics based on human development STAGES
AGE GROUPS U15
U16 ADVANCED U17
Tactical training and small-sided games are an essential part of the training at this stage. Attacking and defending principles must be part of all games. Important aspects of the tactical training are speed of play, quick transition, counter attacking and finishing in the final third, as well as pressing. Technique will focus on speed and accuracy. Passing and finishing are two of the main techniques emphasized at this stage. Part of the technical training will be position-specific (e.g. defender: passing, center midfield players: receiving to turn and strikers: finishing). The physical aspect of the game is key at this stage: endurance, strength and speed will be part of the weekly training routine.
U18
Players should be expected to show commitment to the team, concentration in training sessions and competitiveness during the game.
U19
All tactical aspects of the game must be covered. Strategy and set pieces are now a major part of the training sessions.
U20
The technical and physical work is based on explosive actions.
SPECIFIC
PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS
SENIOR
Training methods will be adapted to the type of players and level of competition.
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
40
WORKLOAD KEY
1 2 1
3. Pressing
4. Retreat & Recovery
5. Compactness
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
2
2. Zonal Defending
2
1. Defending Principles
1
3
2
3
4
1= VERY LOW
1
2
1
2
3
3
1
8. Finishing- Final Third
2
4
3
2
3
1
4
7. Playing out from the back
1
5. Switching Play
3
3
4
4
U11
1
2
4. Combination Play
2
3
3
U10
BASIC
6. Counter Attacking
1
3. Transition
U9
2
U8
2. Possession
U7 3
U6
INITIAL
1. Attacking Principles
TACTICAL
1
3
2
3
4
4
4
1
3
5
4
5
4
U12
2= LOW
2
4
3
4
5
5
5
2
3
5
5
U13
2
4
3
4
5
3
4
5
U14
INTERMEDIATE
STAGE AND AGE GROUP
CONTENT DISTRIBUTION BY AGE: TACTICAL
ATTACKING
DEFENDING
3= MID
3
5
4
5
5
4
5
U15
3
5
4
5
5
4
5
U16
4
5
5
4
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
5
U18
4= HIGH
U17
ADVANCED
5
4
3
3
4
U19
2
3
41
Senior
5= VERY HIGH
3
4
U20
SPECIFIC
1
1
WORKLOAD KEY
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
12. 1v1 Defending
11. Crossing and Finishing
1
2
1
1
10. Receiving to Turn
4
1
3
3
5
9. Shielding the Ball
2
6. Ball Control
5
3
4
5
5. Shooting
2
4
2
1
4. Turning
5
3
8. 1v1 Attacking
5
3. Dribbling
3
5
U8
1
2
2. Running with the Ball
5
U7
INITIAL
7. Heading
5
U6
1. Passing and Receiving
TECHNICAL
1
2
2
2
5
1
5
5
4
4
4
5
U9
2
3
3
3
4
3
5
5
5
3
4
5
U11
1= VERY LOW
2
2
2
2
5
2
5
5
5
3
5
5
U10
BASIC
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
4
2
3
5
4
3
4
2
4
4
4
5
2
2
5
U13
2= LOW
U12
5
3
5
4
5
3
5
2
1
5
U14
INTERMEDIATE
STAGE AND AGE GROUP
CONTENT DISTRIBUTION BY AGE: TECHNICAL
3= MID
4
4
5
3
4
5
2
5
U15
4
4
3
3
5
2
5
U16
3
2
5
1
5
5
5
U18
4= HIGH
U17
ADVANCED
5
U19
5
42
Senior
5= VERY HIGH
5
U20
SPECIFIC
2
3
U13
2
2 3 5 5
Coordination & Balance
Agility
Basic Motor skills
Perception & Awareness
5
5
4
3
1
WORKLOAD KEY
5
5
3
3
1
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
1
Flexibility & Mobility
3
5
4
4
4
2
4
1
Acyclic Speed
1
4
1
1
3
Speed Endurance
Maximal speed
2
5
2
5
5
3
2
2
5
1= VERY LOW
5
3
5
5
2
5
2
1
5
5
1
4
4
3
2
2
5
4
2= LOW
5
3
4
3
2
5
5
1
4
Acceleration
4
4
1
2
Reaction
2
3
1
1
3
Anaerobic Alactic
2
3
1
1
2
Anaerobic Lactic
Aerobic Power
2
3
1
2
U12
Aerobic Capacity
2
U11
1
1
U10
Maximal Strength
1
U9
3
U8
5
3
4
3
2
5
5
3
2
4
4
1
3
2
U14
INTERMEDIATE
Explosive Strength
U7
BASIC
1
U6
INITIAL
Strength Endurance
PHYSICAL
STAGE AND AGE GROUP
CONTENT DISTRIBUTION BY AGE: PHYSICAL
STRENGTH
ENDURANCE
SPEED
3= MID
5
2
3
2
3
4
4
2
3
5
1
4
3
U15
5
1
3
3
4
1
4
3
U16
5
2
2
5
2
5
3
5
1
2
3
U18
4= HIGH
U17
ADVANCED
5
1
2
U19
5
43
Senior
5= VERY HIGH
5
U20
SPECIFIC
1 1
Cooperation
Decision/Determination
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
WORKLOAD KEY
5
1= VERY LOW
5
5
3
2= LOW
5
4
3
5
3
2
Respect & Discipline
2
2
1
1
Communication
4
3
4
3
5
U13
1
4
3
2
3
4
5
U12
Self Control
3
3
2
3
4
5
U11
5
2
2
1
2
4
5
U10
1
2
1
2
4
5
U9
5
4
3
=
2
4
3
4
=
5
U14
INTERMEDIATE
Commitment
5
1
1
1
5
5
U8
BASIC
1
5
1
1
1
5
5
U7
INITIAL
Concentration
5
5
Self Confidence
Competitiveness
5
U6
Motivation
PSYCHOSOCIAL
STAGE AND AGE GROUP
CONTENT DISTRIBUTION BY AGE: PSYCHOSOCIAL
BASIC
ADVANCED
SOCIAL
3= MID
5
5
4
3
4
4
5
5
U15
5
5
4
3
4
4
=
5
U16
5
4
4
4
5
4
5
5
3
4
4
5
4
5
U18
4= HIGH
U17
ADVANCED
5
=
5
5
5
5
5
U19
5
5
44
Senior
5= VERY HIGH
5
=
=
=
=
5
U20
SPECIFIC
25’ 5’
Scrimmage Cool Down & Debrief
TECHNICAL
12. 1V1 Defending
11. Crossing and Finishing
10. Receiving to Turn
9. Shielding the Ball
8. 1V1 Attacking
7. Heading
6. Ball Control
5. Shooting
4. Turning
3. Dribbling
2. Running With the Ball
1. Passing and Receiving
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Age Group Organization
2
5 5
8. Finishing in the Final Third
1. Defending Principles
5. Compactness
5
7. Playing Out From the Back
4
2
6. Counter Attacking
4. Retreat & Recovery
3
5. Switching Play
3
5
4. Combination Play
4
5
3. Transition
3. Pressing
5
2. Possession
2. Zonal Defending
5
1. Attacking Principles
TACTICAL
-
70’
Game time
Size of the practice Time of the practice Intensity of the practice Rules Number of players Teammates, opposition and support players
ASPECTS TO CONSIDER
90’
Session time
4
3
4
2
4
4
4
5
4
2
2
5
CONTENT
1 3 5 5
Anaerobic Lactic Anaerobic Alactic Reaction Acceleration
4
6. Agility 8. Perception & Awareness
5
3 7. Basic Motor Skills
4 5. Coordination & Balance
5
3 4. Flexibility & Mobility
Acyclic Speed
Speed Endurance
2
3
Aerobic Power
Maximal Speed
1 3
Maximal Strength
3
Explosive Strength Aerobic Capacity
1
SCRIMMAGE 30%
PSYCHOSOCIAL
10. Respect & Discipline
9. Communication
8. Self Control
7. Commitment
6. Concentration
5. Competitiveness
4. Decision/Determination
3. Cooperation
2. Self confidence
1. Motivation
TACTICS 25%
TECHNIQUE 20%
CONTENT DISTRIBUTION INTERMEDIATE STAGE
Strength Endurance
PHYSICAL
Comments Use the contrast of small spaces for possession practices and bigger spaces for transition practices Match: 11v11 games. Formations: 4-3-3
20’
Tactics
PSYCHOSOCIAL: Commitment to the team and focus in training
By the end of the season the player must be capable of: 1. Passing the ball at speed in reduced spaces 2. Combination play and communication with teammates 3. Combine endurance and speed during the game
15’
15’
Physical Technique
10’
Warm-up
PHYSICAL: Basic development of speed, endurance and strength
TECHNICAL: Focus on quality of passing and receiving technique and ball control in small spaces
16
Players per team
TACTICAL: Improve attacking coordinated movements and zonal defending SESSION STRUCTURE
3
ORGANIZATION Sessions per week
OBJECTIVES
CURRICULUM – U13 – SEASON PLAN
SCRIMMAGE: Coordinate possession, transition and finishing
ATTACKING
DEFENDING
STRENGTH ENDURANCE SPEED
5
3
3
52
5
1
4
3
4
3
5
PHYSICAL 25%
Aerobic power
Physical
Possession Playing out from the back Pressing
Tactical
Passing & receiving Shooting
Aerobic capacity
Physical
Technical
Passing & receiving, shooting
Technical
Possession
Coordination & balance
Physical
Tactical
Possession
Passing & receiving
Coordination & balance
Dribbling
2 WEEKS
Tactical
Technical
Physical
Technical
TYPE
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
ADVANCED U15 to U18
INTERMEDIATE U13 & U14
BASIC U9 to U12
INITIAL U6 to U8
STAGE
Glycolytic power
Shooting Ball control
Combination play
Receiving to turn, shooting
Perception & awareness
Passing & receiving
2 WEEKS
Transition & combination play
Speed & agility
Glycolytic power
Passing & receiving, dribbling and RWB
Specific speed
Receiving to turn Passing & Receiving
General strength
Anaerobic alactic
1v1 defending Turning
Speed of play & defensive principles
Transition Switching play
Speed & agility
Turning & 1v1 defending
Perception & awareness
Playing out from the back
Perception & awareness
Attacking principles Combination play Transition Transition Defending principles
Aerobic power
Shooting, running with the ball & ball control
Transition
Turning, Dribbling & 1v1 attacking
Basic motor skills
Ball control & turning
2 WEEKS
Attacking principles: 2v1, 3v1, 3v2, 4v3
Attacking principles
Speed & agility
Playing out from he back
Shooting & RWB
Generic speed & agility
Shooting & RWB
2 WEEKS
Explosive strength
Crossing & finishing Aerial control & heading
Finishing in the final third Zonal defending
General strength
Aerial control & heading
Finishing in the final third
Coordination & balance
Finishing in the final third
Ball control, turning & 1v1 defending
Speed (acceleration + acyclic) and agility.
1v1 attacking
2 WEEKS
Acyclic speed
Passing & receiving, ball control & shooting
Counter attack Retreat & recovery
Reaction & acceleration
Receiving to turn & shooting
Defending as a team – zonal defending
Reaction & acceleration
Defending principles
60
RWB, shielding the ball, shooting
Perception & Awareness + BMS
2v1 attacking
2 WEEKS
Main objectives for the 12-week program in the different stages are indicated in the sample below. The arrow indicates the main objective in that stage:
STRUCTURE OF THE TRAINING SESSION For the initial, basic, intermediate and advanced stages
Sessions for all age groups cover tactical, technical, physical and psychosocial objectives. The exception to this are the sessions for players in the initial stage, which cover only technical, physical and psychosocial objectives because of the age and developmental characteristics of this group. The session is organized into three blocks: Warm-up, main part (which includes technical, physical and tactical exercises) and scrimmage or free play. Training sessions follow the structure indicated below. However, the three parts of the session can be shorter or longer in duration and the sections within the main part can be interchanged depending on the type of exercise. Please note that any of the explanations below are recommendations and not prescriptions. INITIAL STAGE U6-U8 Sessions per week
2
Duration of the session
60 to 75 min
Players per session
12
Duration of the match
30 to 40 min
WARM-UP (10 to 15 min) Physical (15 min) TRAINING SESSION STRUCTURE
MAIN PART
Ball familiarity practices to develop basic skills Exercises oriented mainly to develop speed, agility and basic motor skills
Technical simple (10 to 15 min)
Unopposed practices based on simplicity of the movements, repetition and high-tempo
Technical complex (10 to 15 min)
Unopposed or basic opposed practices with a small tactical component based on perception and/or decision-making
SCRIMMAGE (20-25 min)
Simple small-sided games to develop the team concept
BASIC STAGE U9-U12 Sessions per week
3
Duration of the session
90 min
Players per session
14
Duration of the match
50 to 60 min
WARM-UP (10 min)
TRAINING SESSION STRUCTURE
MAIN PART
Fun & dynamic games, passing & possession practices, stretching & dynamic movement
Physical (15 min)
Exercises based on agility, speed, coordination & balance
Technical (20 min)
Unopposed practices to develop quality and opposed practices to develop competitiveness. Opposed practices are more realistic and force players to make decisions as they would in the game
Tactical (15 min)
Practice games based on basic understanding of the game (attacking principles), possession, combination play, playing out from the back & finishing
SCRIMMAGE (25 min)
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
Games based on position specific, quick movement of the ball and distribution of space
63
STRUCTURE OF THE TRAINING SESSION For the initial, basic, intermediate and advanced stages INTERMEDIATE STAGE U13-U14 Sessions per week
3 or 4
Duration of the session
90 min
Players per session
16
Duration of the match
70 min
WARM-UP (10 min)
TRAINING SESSION STRUCTURE
MAIN PART
Passing, possession & transition practices, stretching & dynamic movement
Technical (20 min)
Unopposed practices to develop speed of play and opposed practices to develop competitiveness. Opposed practices are more realistic and game oriented. Unopposed practices must have time restriction
Physical (15 min)
Exercises based on agility, various types of speed (reaction, acceleration & acyclic speed), aerobic capacity & explosive strength
Tactical (20 min)
Use the contrast of small spaces to develop speed of play and big spaces to develop the understanding of how to work in units
SCRIMMAGE (25 min)
Free game based on speed of play, movement off the ball & quick defensive-offensive transition
ADVANCED STAGE U15-U18 Sessions per week
4 or 5
Duration of the session
90-120 min
Players per session
18
Duration of the match
80-90 min
WARM-UP (10 min)
TRAINING SESSION STRUCTURE
MAIN PART
Passing, possession & transition practices, stretching & dynamic movement
Technical (20-25 min)
At this stage technique can be developed in small spaces through collective games & simple opposed practices
Physical (10-20 min)
Exercises based on agility, various types of speed (reaction, acceleration & acyclic speed), glycolytic power, aerobic power & explosive strength
Tactical (20-30 min)
Use the full size or specific areas of the field to develop tactical understanding of the game. Keep it realistic and related to the game.
SCRIMMAGE (25-30 min)
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
Free game including the concepts worked in the session
64
TITLE subtitle
Session Examples INTERMEDIATE STAGE
INTERMEDIATE STAGE TRAINING SESSION EXAMPLE Date:
Age group: U14
Duration: 90 min
Workload (1 to 5): 4
OBJECTIVES Technical
Transition
Tactical
Passing and receiving
Physical
Strength endurance
Psychosocial
Self confidence ORGANIZATION
TIME
Arrival: Players in pairs – 5 yards distance and passing first two touches with inside of the foot then one-touch
5 min
WARM-UP: 3v1s – Practice 11 – Passing and receiving / 2v2+2 – Practice 13 – Passing and receiving’ Stretching: Mobility in a circle – Practice 1 – Flexibility and mobility Dynamic movement: Mobility - Practice 2 – Flexibility and mobility
20 min 5 min 5 min
MAIN: Technical: double ‘Y’ passing – Practice 3 – Passing and receiving – goalkeepers with goalkeeping coach Physical: Speed reaction and agility – Practice 1 – Strength endurance – goalkeepers with goalkeeping coach Tactical: 4 channels transition – Practice 5 – Transition – bring goalkeepers to practice
10 min 10 min 20 min
SCRIMMAGE: 9v9 or 11v11 free game
20 min SETUP
7x7 yards
50x30 yards 30x20 yards
Possession & Technical
Tactical - Transition
50x30 yards
3v1 & fitness
WORKLOAD KEY
1= VERY LOW
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
2= LOW
3= MID
4= HIGH
5= VERY HIGH
80
INTERMEDIATE STAGE
PASSING & RECEIVING
OPPOSED
Practice 11: 3v1*
TECHNICAL
OBJECTIVE: Improve short passing and reaction under pressure. AREAS
STRUCTURE
Technical
Passing and receiving
Space
8x8 yards
Tactical
Possession
Time
5 min
Physical
Reaction
Age Recommended
U13+
Psychosocial
Concentration
Difficulty (1 to 5)
3
ORGANIZATION Players
Groups of 4 players – 3 attackers and 1 defender
Time
Work continuously at high-intensity for 2-3 min. Use rest periods to make brief coaching points.
Equipment
4 cones and 1 ball per group
Description
Three players keep possession of the ball and one in the middle tries to regain possession. The player with the ball must always have two passing options and players without the ball must work on the movement and support to create passing options. Variation 1: Two-touch passing restriction Variation 2: One-touch passing restriction Variation 3: Join squares to increase space and difficulty
KEY POINTS 1. 2. 3. 4.
Ball on the ground for short pass using inside of the foot Timing of the pass Movement to support - triangle Accuracy and weight of the pass – speed of play
* Can be used during the warm-up
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
81
INTERMEDIATE STAGE
PASSING & RECEIVING
OPPOSED
Practice 13: 2v2+2 progressing to 4v4+4*
TECHNICAL
OBJECTIVE: Improve short passing and reaction under pressure in a game context. AREAS
STRUCTURE
Technical
Passing and receiving
Space
40x20 yards
Tactical
Attacking principles
Time
15 min
Physical
Perception & awareness
Age Recommended
U13+
Psychosocial
Concentration
Difficulty (1 to 5)
5
ORGANIZATION Players
Groups of 6 players – 3 pairs in each group
Time
Work continuously at high-intensity for 2-3 min. Use rest periods to make brief coaching points.
Equipment
For 12 players - 8 cones, 12 pinnies of 3 different colors and 2 balls
Description
Two teams of pairs keep possession away from a third pair. When the third pair regains possession, they attack and the pair that lost possession defends. Always keep a 4v2. Variation 1: Two-touch passing restriction Variation 2: One-touch passing restriction Variation 3: Join squares to increase space and difficulty
KEY POINTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ball on the ground for short pass – using inside of the foot Attacking principles: creating space and support Movement to middle then to outside positions – avoid standing in the four corners Accuracy and weight of the pass – speed of play Communication
* Can be used during the warm-up
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
82
INTERMEDIATE STAGE
FLEXIBILITY AND MOBILITY
UNOPPOSED
Practice 1: Mobility in a circle*
PHYSICAL
PHYSICAL/PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT: Prepare the body for high-intensity exercise. AREAS
STRUCTURE
Technical
Flexibility & mobility
Space
20x20 yards
Tactical
-
Time
5 min
Physical
-
Age Recommended
U13+
Psychosocial
-
Difficulty (1 to 5)
1
ORGANIZATION Players
8+
Equipment
1 ball per player
Description
Make a circle around the coach. Different types of exercises for flexibility and joint mobility: ankles, knees, hips, calf, hamstrings, abductors, adductors, hip flexor, wide dorsal muscles and neck.
Justification
A variety of exercises to prepare muscles and joints for game speed and constant change of direction. Young players do not need to stretch intensively before activity. However, it is essential for players to be familiar with these types of exercises.
WORKLOAD 1. 8 seconds per exercise and 1 or 2 repetitions * Can be used during the warm-up
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
83
INTERMEDIATE STAGE
FLEXIBILITY AND MOBILITY
UNOPPOSED
Practice 2: Mobility*
PHYSICAL
PHYSICAL/PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT: Prepare the body for high-intensity exercise. AREAS
STRUCTURE
Technical
Flexibility & mobility
Space
40x30 yards
Tactical
-
Time
5 min
Physical
-
Age Recommended
U13+
Psychosocial
-
Difficulty (1 to 5)
1
ORGANIZATION Players
8+
Equipment
24 cones
Description
The first player in each group makes an action then jogs: 1) High knees; 2) High heels; 3) Side to side forward; 4) Side to side backwards; 5) Acceleration – deceleration; 6) Speed forward and backward to change direction
Justification
A variety of exercises to prepare muscles and joints for the speed of the game and for constant changes of direction.
WORKLOAD 1. 1 or 2 repetitions * Can be used during the warm-up
10 yards between cones
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
84
INTERMEDIATE STAGE
PASSING & RECEIVING
UNOPPOSED
Practice 3: Double ‘Y’ passing
TECHNICAL
OBJECTIVE: Improve the quality and speed of passing and receiving on the ground in short and long distances
by changing angles. AREAS
STRUCTURE
Technical
Passing and receiving
Space
30x20 yards
Tactical
Combination play
Time
10 min
Physical
Reaction
Age Recommended
U13+
Psychosocial
Cooperation
Difficulty (1 to 5)
2
ORGANIZATION Players
9+
Time
Work continuously at high-intensity for 3 min. Use rest periods to make brief coaching points.
Equipment
16 cones, 2 balls
Description
Passing from one teammate to another and follow the pass. Change direction. Variation Variation Variation Variation
1: 2: 3: 4:
Change direction of the ball Two-touch play, one to receive and the second to pass Short passes only – one-touch play Players at both ends play aerial passes without touching the ground
KEY POINTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ball on the ground Body position – facing the ball Inside foot to control and inside foot or inside/instep foot to pass the ball Quick execution – speed of play Communication
1 2
3
4 5
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
85
INTERMEDIATE STAGE
STRENGTH ENDURANCE
OPPOSED
Practice 1: 1v1 in a square
PHYSICAL
PHYSICAL/PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT: Improve reaction in fatigued situations and increase muscular mass. AREAS
STRUCTURE
Technical
Strength endurance
Space
7x7 yards
Tactical
Possession
Time
10 min
Physical
Shielding the ball
Age Recommended
U13+
Psychosocial
Competitiveness
Difficulty (1 to 5)
3
ORGANIZATION Players
3+
Equipment
4 cones and 2 balls per group
Description
Groups of two. Two players inside the square, one ball per player. For 30 seconds, try to push each other outside of the square with control of the ball. Rotate positions after 30 seconds. Players can only use their body but no arms. A player will earn 1 point by pushing the opponent out of the square. Variation 1: Try to play the opponent’s ball out Variation 2: One ball in the middle square, one player protects it and the other tries to regain possession
Justification
Players will be forced to bend the knees to lower the center of gravity and stay in balance. Using the ball forces the player to use only one foot and thus remain balanced while increasing the load.
WORKLOAD 1. 2. 3. 4.
30 seconds x2= 1min Sets: 6 Rest: 30 seconds Ratio: 2:1
7x7 yards
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
86
INTERMEDIATE STAGE
TRANSITION
GAME
Practice 5: 4 channels transition**
TACTICAL
OBJECTIVE: Improve quick transfer of the ball from one side of the field to the other when playing forward. AREAS
STRUCTURE
Technical
Transition
Space
50x30 yards
Tactical
Passing and receiving
Time
20 min
Physical
Perception and awareness
Age Recommended
U13+
Psychosocial
Competitiveness
Difficulty (1 to 5)
4
ORGANIZATION Players
16+
Time
Work continuously at high-intensity for 4 min. Use rest periods to make brief coaching points.
Equipment
15 cones, 2 goals and 6 balls
Description
7v7+2 game. The ball must progress from one zone to the next. Score by playing to any target zone from any part of the field. In order to score consecutive goals in the same target zone, a team must cross the midfield line. Variation Variation Variation Variation
1: 2: 3: 4:
Score only from the final quarter Score only in one target zone Limit the number of defenders in each channel Limit number of touches or passes before scoring
KEY POINTS 1. 2. 3. 4.
Creating space Support play Movement off the ball – diagonal runs, overlaps Passing options – playing forward
** Can include goalkeepers
Target zone
U.S. SOCCER CURRICULUM > Planning and Training
Target zone
87