Architectural Design Folio S2 - 2021 by Ralph Santos

Q3²

@ Queen Victoria Market

HYBRID LIVING STUDIO 12 Ralph Santos Led by Dr Mehrnoush Latifi 2021-S2-ARC70001/ARC70003/ARC80002/ARC80003 - Design Research Studio

ABOUT ME

CONTENTS Chapter 01 - Introduction

I am Ralph Santos and I am currently a first year Masters of Architecture and Urban Design student at Swiburne University of Technology. I have completed a Bachelor of Design (Architecture) and have an Advanced Diploma in Building Design. What interests me the most in Hybrid Living is the exploration of built form, integration of programs and interrogation of the blur between private and public spaces and how they improve human experience across all levels whether it be at the ground level as a visitor or a tower level as a resident. In this studio I hope to investigate this category further and develop stronger ideas that will improve my design thinking in terms of architecture and urban design. I live in Epping, Victoria and currently work as a contract Architectural Assistant to a couple of local firms. My responsibilities include mostly of conceptual design work and development. I enjoy the problem solving aspects of work the most; eg. the client proposing a brief, and myself and the team providing innovative ideas and solutions on how to meet the brief and exceed the expectations of the client.

Prologue 01.1

04.1 Site Proposal

Typology Study 01.2

04.2 Ground

Micro Analysis 01.3

04.3 Towers

Typology Analysis 01.4

04.4 Skin 04.5 Unit

Chapter 02 - Background

Chapter 05 - Conclusion

Low2No By Rex 02.1

05.1 Ground

Tornto Timber Tower by Penda 02.2

05.2 Towers

Hybrid Analysis 02.3

The skills that I am currently most confident in are my Rhino 3D, Grasshopper and Adobe Indesign. However I am also proficient in ArchiCAD, 3DS Max, Enscape and can prepare files for 3D printing, lasercutting, CNC milling and have started to get familiar with fabricating with a robot arm. Through this course I hope to improve and sharpen these skillsets.

Chapter 04 - Method

05.3 Skin 05.4 Unit

Chapter 03 - Hypothesis Problem Statement 03.1 Design Vision 03.2 Site Information 03.3

Chapter 06 - Appendices

PROLOGUE Hybrid Living

As urban densification becomes a looming issue for all cities, developing and developed, land availability continues to evaporate and housing issues arise. It is important for architects to address this inevitability and create solutions that not only provides homes for the masses but also to ensure that it is sustainable and well integrated with the urban community. In this studio we look at the Hybrid System as a possible option for solving this problem. We observe how the integration of public and private spaces, form, diversification of programs from business districts, retail and residential, affect the public. Through this exploration, we research and analyse specific environmental parameters such as radiation, solar envelope, views, sunlight hours, and UTCI in parallel with our typical architectural typologies.

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION melbourne city view - https://www.goodfreephotos.com/albums/australia/victoria/melbourne/melbourne-cityview-with-skyscrapers-in-victoria-australia.jpg

Upon collecting data through a matrix of iteration, precedent study, and background research we develop evidence based opinions on what form and spatial and programmatic arrangement is most appropriate for a specific site, audience and client base.

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TYPOLOGY STUDY

At first we looked at different building typologies to get a more in depth idea about building mass and forms and their pros and cons. Here we look at the H-block.

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION

Pros - Creates two sheltered semi private courtyards. - Connects 2 larger sections of a building with a shorter segment. -Allows for the larger length sections to work seprately but still be in the same structure. Cons -Usually used for only residential purposes -The two courtyards are heavily affected by over shadowing

Diagrams completed by Ralph Santos, Jordan Veniamakis, Jayden Von and Matt Grigoriou

Mid-Rise Block

The Hive Lofts on the Queensway

Pros -The structure suits the corner of an intersection well -Contains a lift -Can be effective on small sites. Cons -Does not integrate programs . -Small amounts of public space.

The Hive lofts were designed by Teeple Architects. It contains twenty lofts ranging from 505 sq feet to almost 1100 sq feet standing at 21m tall. This residential structure not only fits the criteria of a mid--rise block typology but it also adresses overshadowing issues by tilting the building.

Diagrams completed by Ralph Santos, Jordan Veniamakis, Jayden Von and Matt Grigoriou

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TYPOLOGY STUDY

Double Loaded Tower

Pros -Central loaded corridor allows for more rooms on both sides -Full view from frontages of surroundings Cons -Inefficient with programming

Nueve 84 Curridabat Building

Slab Typology

Buchholzer Grun Housing

The design is an urban development of residential apartmnents which focuses on defining a new lifestyle aroudn parks, plazas, trails and bikeways. It folows the Double-loaded tower typology by connecting to certain apartment spaces through a central corridor that is made accessible to both sides of the buildings.

Pros -Fits most sites -Cost effective and fast construction time -More housing space for tenants to take up site Cons -Limited views -Programs may be segregated

This urban development is a multi-storey residential housing with entrances accessibility from central corridors and also follows a slab block form.

Diagrams completed by Ralph Santos, Jordan Veniamakis, Jayden Von and Matt Grigoriou

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TYPOLOGY STUDY

European Perimeter Block

Pros -Central dedicated private space for people connected to the buildings function and programming Cons -Very Privatised

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION

VIA 57 WEST

Modular Typology

Toronto Timber Tower

Designed by Bjarke Ingels group, serves primarily as a residential building. Reimagines the way the euroeann perimeter block can be designed. Angles in such a way that residential programming faces the Hudson River.

Pros -Modular and prefab design results in faster, less noisy, less waste and a higher degree of quality control. Cons -Maintenance of plants may be difficult. This type of design in particular may not be the best for mixed use with civic functions.

The 18 storey tower comprises of residential areas and public areas with a cafe, childrens daycare centre and workshops for the neightbouring community. Due to its natural appearance, the building shifts the usual relation from a ‘building to city’ relation to a ‘building to nature’ relation.

Diagrams completed by Ralph Santos, Jordan Veniamakis, Jayden Von and Matt Grigoriou

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TYPOLOGY STUDY

Y-Block

Pros -Uniform floor layouts -Suitable for commercial, office, and residential programs. Cons --Restricted floor layout and core location

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION

Y-Block, Oslo, Norway

Podium Tower

Green Spine, Southbank

Y-Block in Oslo Norway was designed by Erling Viksjo and completed in 1969. It is a part of the Regjeringskvartalet government buildings. Pablo Picasso designed five murals to be featured in these building. It has survived bombings and still remains structurally sound, yet desired to be demolished.

Pros -Form allows for extra daylight hours on majority of the building envelope. The tall structure allows for more floor space with a small building footprint. Cons -Maintanace of plants on building edge may be difficult. Condensed programs in the towers, floor size may be too small laterally some may span vertically.

The tower programme of UNStudio’s proposal for Southbank by Beulah is primarily made up of three main components: office, hotel and residential. From the poduium rooftop garden, the Green Spine climbs upwards into a series of outdoor green spaces along the facades of the two towers.

Diagrams completed by Ralph Santos, Jordan Veniamakis, Jayden Von and Matt Grigoriou

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION

RADIATION ANALYSIS

This type of radiation analysis is useful when trying to visualise solar heat gain on building envelopes such as windows and skyllights. Red indicates a higher amount of radiation absorbed and blue the latter.

Micro Analysis To familiarise ourselves with the analysis tools that we’ll be using throught out the studio, we first looked into how they react to different types of surfaces.

We found that orienting a surface north will expose it to more radiation and a more complex surface, such as doubly curved surfaces, provides a wider variety of radiation, this variation is good to warm buildings during winter and not over expose it in summer.

The main variables we changed in this anlysis is the orientation and form of the surfaces.

This analysis in particular is the radiation analysis.

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION

TYPOLOGY ANALYSIS

Macro Analysis Through different transformation we investigate which one is more effective during the summer and winter solstice. These analysis periods are necessary to explore both extremes of the seasons.

We found that the podium typology with a twisted building envelope to be the best performer during summer and winter due to the curved building envelope.

European Perimeter Block

Pencil Tower

Podium Tower

Wedding Cake

SUMMER SOLSTICE

WINTER SOLSTICE

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 01 - INTRODUCTION

HYBRID TYPOLOGY STUDY

Hybrid Form Finding and Exploration

Hybrid Typology Analysis

By mixing and matching typogies we find new advantages and disadvantages that we can remove or add.

From these iterations we find that the combination of modular typologies to any typology improved its flexibility.

In these matrix of iterations we look at combinations in the Y-Block, European Perimeter Block and the Modular typologies.

Flexibility in terms of programming, circulation and human experience.

By adding and subtracting modules, we can create porous forms that lets more light and ventilation through private and public spaces. This exploration of modularity and porosity is what began our groups interest into applying this strategy into our design.

SUMMER SOLSTICE 18

WINTER SOLSTICE 19

LOW2NO BY REX

CHAPTER 02 - BACKGROUND

Case study by Ralph Santos and Jordan Veniamakis

“The term “Low2No” originates from our belief that a gradual and iterative transition from low carbon to no carbon city building is a more viable and resiliant approach to the sustainability challenge than building new eco-cities on uncontested ground.” - Helsinki Design Lab - Powered by Sitra LOW2NO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Helsinki, Finland

CHAPTER 02 - BACKGROUND

CLIENT Sitra, The Finnish Innovation Fund PROGRAM Mixed-use sustainable development containing 14,000 m² of residential units, an 8,000 m² headquarters, and 13,200 m² of “Urban Infill” AREA 35,200 m² (378,900 sf) COST NA STATUS Limited competition 2009; second prize 2009 ARCHITECT REX|Croxton Collaborative|NOW REX PERSONNEL (14 Personnel involved) Garrick Ambrose, Haviland Argo, E. Sean Bailey, Thomas Baker, Christopher Barley, Behrang Behin, Barrett Brown, Keith Burns, Wayne Congar, Juilanne Gola, Adam Koogler, Joshua Ramus, Jacob Reidel, Troy Therrien CONSULTANTS (7 Consultants involved) 2×4, Arup New York, Bureau Bas Smets, Front, Jonathan Rose Companies, Magnusson Klemencic, Transsolar

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

PROGRAMMATIC INTEGRATION

DOUBLE LOADED PODIUM ANALYSIS

The design concept for Low2No promotes the ideology of a healthy and welcoming living environment, encouraging people to adopt sustainable living methods and creating a diverse and collaborative urban community.

We look at low2no by Rex and analyse it to see what kind of radiaton it collects with on its building envelope and think of ways to reduce and increase them depending on the program behind it.

The purpose of this was to experiment with the flexibility of the overall developmend and how it could adapt to expansion and future requirements

CHAPTER 02 - BACKGROUND

Cafes Restaurants Bars Recreational Gym

3PM

Retail

12NOON

Civic Space

Information

9AM

RADIATION ANALYSIS

Events

3PM

Market Related

12NOON

Office Spaces Apartments Apartment Foyers

Public Circulation

SUN PATH SUN ROSE

Car Park

SUN PATH SUN ROSE

SUMMER SOLSTICE

WINTER SOLSTICE

Diagrams completed by Ralph Santos and Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

MODULAR SYSTEM STUDY

We decided to experiment with modularity due to certain sustainable advanatages such as, faster build time, less waste and higher quality of control.

MODULE EXPLORATION

Starting with a 30x30x60m tower, we split it with a 3 by 3 grid which gves us 100m2 modules, which is the size of a typical two bedroom apartment. We then implemented doubly curved surfaces that works best in radiation analysis, and the sawtooth pattern.

This forms allows for more variety in the building envelop which can create hot and cold zones within the building that building occupants can take shelter in during the summer and winter.

CHAPTER 02 - BACKGROUND

100 m2 floor space

90 m2 floor space

plus

equals

module 1

kWh/m² 5 4.5 4 3.5

module 2

3 2.5 2 1.5 1

ad ac hf

0.5 0.1 <0

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 02 - BACKGROUND

POROSITY EXPERIMENTS

These are some iterations we came up with by subtracting modules, creating a porous structure. minus

minus

The subtracted modules will act as public open space (highlighted in red) whilst also making cross ventialtion possible for each apartment.

70 % Residential 30 % Public Space

66 % Residential 33 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

86 % Residential 14 % Public Space

70 % Residential 30 % Public Space

66 % Residential 33 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

86 % Residential 14 % Public Space

75 % Residential 25 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

83 % Residential 17 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

75 % Residential 25 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

83 % Residential 17 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 02 - BACKGROUND

POROSITY ITERATIONS minus

minus

70 % Residential 30 % Public Space

66 % Residential 33 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

86 % Residential 14 % Public Space

70 % Residential 30 % Public Space

66 % Residential 33 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

86 % Residential 14 % Public Space

75 % Residential 25 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

83 % Residential 17 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

75 % Residential 25 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

83 % Residential 17 % Public Space

79 % Residential 21 % Public Space

DESIGN BRIEF

Hybrid Development @ Queen Victoria Market The Queen Victoria Market Precinct Renewal Master Plan delivers on our vision to create a world-class ‘market of markets’ and surrounding precinct while celebrating the heritage of the site. Our group plans to continue this vision, whilst also addressing Urban Densification and the current Melbourne Housing Issue.

CHAPTER 03 - HYPOTHESIS aerial photograph of queen victoria market - https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Aerial_photograph_of_Queen_Victoria_Market.jpg

Problem Statements • Previous planning controls created a divide between the market and the city. Our plan is to connect them: better streets, new laneways, improve the public realm and balance the heritage fabric. • Lack of low-cost homes in the City of Melbourne leaving 16,299 houses in need of affordable housing (2018) Vision • Rezone Queen Victoria Market as a PUZ (Public Use Zone) and embed the market as a part of CBD North. • Application for the National Heritage listing (for the market sheds) , to be listed to the World Heritage listing for the Queen Victoria Market, an acknowledgement that will provide appropriate recognition and protection of this Melbourne icon. • Enhance facilities for traders and market visitors. • Provide civic areas/event spaces and more open spaces for eating and meeting. • Easier access for pedestrians cyclists and commuters. • Affordable housing developments that does not sacrifice living quality over room quantity this will also address the inevitable Urban Densification issue. • Development of taller hybrid buildings that brings the urban fabric into the market with setbacks from the street. The new renewal could generate 9 000 new jobs at the market, 12 000 jobs in the surrounding precinct and thousands of other jobs in construction industry jobs.

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

SITE LOCATION

Address: Queen St, Melbourne VIC 3000 Block Size: 30000m² This particular area of the site is underutilised, currently housing an a car park and abandoned warehouses.

SITE IDENTITY

WHY?

This is the site’s current condition.

Chosen this sector as it allows for major circulation for pedestrian access that interconnects with the surrounding programs, markets and park.

It mostly consists of shoptop typologes and open airsheds. Theres a prevalent repetitive languge on the building out line that creates a sawtooth pattern, which our group took as inspiration.

CHAPTER 03 - HYPOTHESIS

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

SITE

MASTER PLAN

CHAPTER 03 - HYPOTHESIS

Existing

Melbourne Proposed

The existing site as it stands today can be divided up into three separate segments.

The Queen Victoria Market Precinct Renewal Master Plan delivers on our vision to create a world-class ‘market of markets’ and surrounding precinct while celebrating the heritage of the site. Our group plans to continue this vision, whilst also addressing Urban Densification and the current Melbourne Housing Issue.

The Queen Victoria markets stand today with their sheds lettered from A-M. The car park takes up almost a third of the entire site. There is unused warehouses at the most south part of the site.

QVM

Car park

Unused warehouses

Q3 Q4 Market Cross

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

MASTER PLAN

CHAPTER 03 - HYPOTHESIS

Melbourne Proposed

Group Proposal

Re-addressing the area that is Q3 and redefining it as Q3 and Q3² will allow space for a new hybrid development which celebrates the idea of a ‘market of markets’ while integrating other city functions with residential capabilities to create a hub above the city grid.

Q3² Proposed Site

Market Cross

Q4 Market Cross

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

QVM NEIGHBOURHOOD DESCRIPTION

DESIGN VISION

In this analysis the different typologies surrounding the Queen Victoria Market.

These are some key themes that we have further addressed in our project.

Neighbouring Typologies

CHAPTER 03 - HYPOTHESIS

There is a significant amount of podium towers and pencil towers on the south east side of QVM where the city grid begins. Some more traditional styles of typologies exist in the area such as shoptop, mid rise, factory, retail front and slab block. This analysis will help inform a design typology that would be appropriate for the site.

Diagrams completed by Aaron Stillitano

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

SUSTAINABILITY

PERMEABLE

Through radiation, UTCI, shadow, and view analysis we can consider how sun orientation and climate can affect our design. Positioning, the building in the most optimal orientation can help manage daylighting and natural ventilation, which can reduce energy requirements for a building. A modular system can also result in faster build time, less waste and higher quality of control, since the majority of the building will be prefabricated out of site.

To the right is an example of a hybrid development proposal for a site in Alcoi, Spain. Al Azraq Square’s premise was to address an underused public square space and provide a connection between main access roads in the direct area.

We can ensure that our design is sustainable by:

The addressing of permeability is important for a well functioning hybrid space in a location such as Queen Victoria Market. Some ways that this will be catered to will be by the following:

- Using a modular design - Considering how much heat comes through the building envelope during summer and winter. - Allowing at least 3 to 4 hours of sunlight hours in habitable spaces.

CHAPTER 03 - HYPOTHESIS

The development proposes an urban dynamic hub which features three main programs which are start up spaces, co-working spaces like workshops and a fablab which provides equipment for upstarting entrepreneurs to boost their business. This is all considered and intertwined with public space, kiosks, pavilions, sport facilities, retail with full accessibility between spaces.

- Ensuring there is connection to surrounding functions to the site - Allocating designated entrances/exits to and from the site

- Using sustainable materials.

- Positioning main access points with relevance to points of interest

- Implementing passive cooling and heating strategies into the design.

- Ensuring public access and walkways have a consideration to comfort control - Creating private access points to private residential areas - Interconnecting program seamlessly with one another and public

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 03 - HYPOTHESIS

PRESERVATION

The preserve component of our future development strategy focuses on adaptation through form and re-purposing a portion of the Queen Victoria Market site whilst preserving the quality of the QVM sheds, Flagstaff Gardens and all surrounding structures. To achieve this we intend to minimise the environmental effects that could impede on the neighbouring networks by undergoing performance based analysis to determine the proposed designs optimal levels of operation.

The Empire Stores by Studio V and S9 Architecture in Brooklyn, New York was a mixed use re-purposing project that preserved the facade of previous industrial warehouse. Its new adaptations subtly nestle into the authentic exterior maintaining the industrial impression on the waterfront location whilst contributing to the surrounding networks through the range of programs implemented.

Royal Australian Army Medical Corps Drill Hall

St Mary’s Catholic College

Currie and Richards Warehouse

St James’ Old Cathedral

‘

Langdon Building

Heritage Listed Sites

Formal Royal Mint

Diagrams completed byMatt Grigoriou

Ground Plane

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

GROUND PLANE

Perspective

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

HARD PERFORMANCES

The hard performances have their origins in the design process and are architectural variables and have profound implications on the typology and functionoing of the building. Our design includes: insertion to the grid, circulation, communal spaces, accesses, exterior spaces and dwelling capacity.

Insertion to Grid

Circulations

Communal Spaces

Accesses

SOFT PERFORMANCES

The soft performances of our site are the desired intereactions of the user occurring in the post occupancy period. These consist of: perception of the city, urban atmosphere, usability of space and relation to nature.

Exterior Spaces

Dwelling Capacity

Diagrams completed by Matt Grigoriou

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

Diagrams completed by Matt Grigoriou

Perception of the City

Urban Atmosphere

Usability of Space

Relation to Nature

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

GROUND

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

GROUND - DESIGN OPTIONS

Existing Grid

No Warehouses

To define the Queen Victoria Market ground plane, existing forces of the roads were used to help guide paths and flow spaces between function and programming.

We started to look at design options that would best service the permeability for pedestrian access to the site and compliment the existing grids that were mentioned earlier. Six of them involved removing the underused warehouses completely.

Hoddle Grid North Melbourne Grid

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

05 North Melbourne Grid

Queen Victoria Market Grid

01 Design Option 1

04 Design Option 4

Queen Victoria Market

Meat Hall

02 Design Option 2

05 Design Option 5

Flagstaff Gardens

Hoddle Grid

03 Design Option 3

06 Design Option 6

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

GROUND - DESIGN OPTIONS

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

GROUND - PEDESTRIAN ANALYSIS

With Warehouses

PedSim

We decided to proceed with design option 8, numbered as 2 to the right of the screen. The reason we selected design option 8 was from our pedestrian simulation analysis. The pedsim analysis simulates key points around the site that represented entry and exit points. It shows higher foot traffic areas and speed of pedestrians. This identifies quiet zones in the site with no traffic, which could be later developed for public activity. It also shows better flow from the north to the south of the site from removing warehouses.

01 Existing Warehouses 02 Design Option 1

03 Design Option 2

04 Design Option 3 05 Design Option 4 06 Design Option 5 07 Design Option 6

North Melbourne Grid Queen Victoria Market

Meat Hall

01 Design Option 7

08 Design Option 7

Flagstaff Gardens

Hoddle Grid

02 Design Option 8

09 Design Option 8

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

GROUND - FORM FINDING

Grid Subtraction

Program Refinement

To find the form of the ground plane, we began with a slab block and began to cut out paths based on the Hoddle Grid, then North Melbourne Grid and then the Queen Victoria Market Grid.

We then began to tweak the design to fit our brief for features such as, retainment of warehouses, integration of core, replacement of car park and green spaces. One of these important reasons for tweaking the form was for our desired program. We decided a hierarchy of importance, from largest to smallest. Largest being residential as a requirement of the brief, through public and private spaces, retail, hospitality, culture, market, corporate, car park and recreational.

01 Slab block

02 Set paths from Hoddle Grid influence

03 Create paths from Hoddle Grid influence

04 Set paths from North Melbourne Grid influence

09 Removal of mass of unnecessary excessive built form.

10 Retainment of Queen Victoria Market warehouses

10 Introduce upper core connectivity with the built forms

11 Replace removed car park for public and private sector

05 Create paths from North Melbourne Grid influence

06 Set paths from Queen Victoria Market Grid indluence

07 Create paths from Queen Victoria Market Grid influence

08 Infill for podium and tower locations

12 Connection between podiums to connect the semi-private

13 Voiding of mass to create private space and light

14 Provide green space for public use

15 Extrude walkable private roof for residents

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

GROUND

Program Heirarchy MARKET RELATED

RETAIL

HOSPITALITY

PUBLIC SPACE CULTURE CAR PARK

CORPORATE RECREATIONAL

RESIDENTIAL

PRIVATE SPACE

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

Diagrams completed by Matt Grigoriou

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

GROUND

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

Circulation

Tower Design

Core

TOWER DESIGN

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TOWER

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

TOWER

Volume Study

Looking into repopulating Queen Victoria Market, we explored certain strategies to showcase the towers main features. Through iterative form finding ad mass porosity, we look for ways to incresae sun hours for the habitable areas within the tower, reduce shadow impact to key point on the ground level, increase views to key points from the tower and increased cross ventialtion. With our facade we plan to match the neighbourhood characteristics and through diversification of programs, we plan to provide spaces that will create social connections for the people residing in and visiting the site.

Initially we explored the podium tower representing a box form with different floor areas, changing the heights of the towers and increasing the floor levels. Having ran a sunlight hours analysis during the winter solstice and Quality views analysis towards the market and flagstaff gardens we found that the southern facing wall received less than 1 hour of sunlight and the views were restricted to a fixed state. We than explored the y-block typology finding most surfaces receive more than 3 hours of sunlight access and the quality of views are more flexible and able to see the views to the market and flag staff garden.

22m

Inhabiting Q32

13m

FLOOR LEVEL: 23 levels HEIGHT: 70m

20km2

18m

FLOOR AREA PER LEVEL: 842m2

Increased Sun Light Hours

Reduced Shadow Impact to Key Points

Increased Views to Key Points

Increased Cross Ventilation

FLOOR LEVEL: 29 levels

30km2

HEIGHT: 90m View to Market & Garden %

Sunlight hours

95 90

80 75

FLOOR LEVEL: 34 levels

40km2

Continuation of Neighbourhood Characteristics

Modular System

HEIGHT: 105m

60 55

Hybrid Program Integration

Controlled Impact to Streetscape

0 45

Y-BLOCK

SUNLIGHT HOURS

QUALITY VIEWS

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TOWER

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

TOWER

Form Finding

Module Logic

The towers form was altered to increase visibility to the market and garden and improve sunlight access to certain surfaces that received less hours. We started by adjusting the leg lengths on both towers to allow for sunlight on the southern facing surfaces, then smoothed the inner edges and widened the legs to increase views towards our key points and to finish we applied a twist on the roof and widened the legs to further increase sunlights hours and views.

Before splitting the towers into modules we first decided on how big the modules acturally are. The residential towers will consists of 1 bed, 2 bed and 3 bed modules. We arrived at these specific dimensions by first looking into the Victorian Apartment Design Standards and ensureing all habitable rooms, bedroms and livingrooms have enough space onthe window side of the module.

TOWER 2 TOWER 2

TOWER 1

36.5m2 MARKET VIEW

73m2

90m2

MARKET VIEW

GROUND LEVEL FOOTPRINT

GARDEN VIEW

ADJUSTING LEG LENGTHS

MARKET VIEW

6.3m

5.8m

1 Bed Apartment

GARDEN VIEW

15.5m

12.6m

MARKET VIEW GROUND LEVEL FOOTPRINT

5.8m

5.8m 2 Bed Apartment

3 Bed Apartment

SMOOTHING INNER EDGES & WIDENING LEGS

PLAN VIEW

*not to scale

LENGTH 35°

20°

• Within Victorian Apartment Design Guidelines • Habitable rooms must have 7+ sunlight hours

WIDEN ROTATE

TWISTING ROOF LEVEL & WIDENING LEGS

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TOWER

Module Arrangement

Solar Fan

We then looked at how we can arrange our modules in our towers. Arrangement 1 fits as much modules into the Y-Block in a grid-like pattern while Arrangement 2 places the modules within the building edge leaving space for circulation. Although more modules can fit into Arrangement 1, modules that are within the tower will be considered dead space. So we decided to move onwards with Arrangement 2.

This is the solar fan during winter and how it interacts with the towers.

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

This influenced where the major areas of porosity where subtracted.

Arrangement 1

Module amount 1271 modules Total Floor Area 62 279 m2

N 50

100

Arrangement 2

0 10 20

Module amount 968 modules Total Floor Area 47 432 m2

N 0 10 20

100

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

TOWER

Porosity Strategies

View Example

We used the solar fan and view ports from key points as areas of subtraction to increase sun hour and sky view percentage from the ground palne as seen from the titerations on the left. On the right, we looked at different patterns and forms to establish open areas as public space within the tower.

The porosity in the towers allows the visitors and tenants to engagge with the public space and its relationship to Flagstaff Gardens with a view capturing the human tower experience.

GAR DE

IEW

TOWER

PUBLIC SPACE IN TOWER

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TOWER

Porosity Iterations

In these sets of iterations we looked at removing chinks off the sections of the towers to improve views of the public space to the key points.

These iterations look into removing modules form the centre to reduce the impact from the shadows towards our key points and generated different patterns for hybrid program integration.

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

TOWER

Result

Effects on the Ground Plane

We found that by combining iteration 8 and 15 we were able to come up with our tower porosity that integrated hybrid prograams with the use of the central core and increase sunlight access to our key points through the solar fan and angle of the porosity that were aligning with the key spaces.

It was only the southern side, which was the recreational space of the site, that was heavily impacted by overshadowing. Through porosity sun hours were increased, and a new ground level experienced was achieved.

ORIGINAL

POROSITY INTEGRATION

Sunlight hours

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

TOWER

Perspectives of porosity from the Ground level

In these perspectives we get a glimpse of what the human experience of porosity would be in the ground level.

VIEWS FROM RECREATIONAL PUBLIC SPACE

VIEWS FROM FLAGSTAFF GARDENS

VIEWS FROM QVM MARKET

VIEWS FROM NEW BUS STOP

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

TOWER

View Analysis

Sun Hour Analysis

Before splitting the towers into programs we looked at the module’s visibility percentage regarding Flagstaff Gardens and Queen Victoria Market.

We also looked at the amount of sun hours each module would get during winter solstice.

Tower 1

Tower 2

Tower 1

Tower 2

Tower 1

Tower 2

1 1

Flagstaff Gardens/ Market Visibility

Tower 2

100% Sunlight hours

2 2

Tower 1

2 4

50% 1

0% 3

Flagstaff Gardens View

Queen Victoria Market View

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TOWER

Different Balcony Treatments In these analyses we split each towers into three sections, one for each orientation. For orientations highlighted in blue, balcony depth was increased to reduce the amount of sun hours during summer. Yellow, we reduced the balcony depth to 1m to increase sun hours during winter. Red were not suitable for residential space since it gets too little sun hours and too little view to key points in the site. Tower 1 1

Tower 1

• Greater than 50% view visibility to key points in the site. • Greater than 7 hours of sun during summer.

Tower 2

ule

t Mod

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Apar

Tower 2 • Greater than 50% view visibility to key points in the site. • Greater than 7 hours of sun during summer. ule

t Mod

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Apar

3 2

• Greater than 50% view visibility to key points in the site. • Less than 4 hours of sun during winter.

Unit Design

• Less than 50% view visibility to key points in the site. • Less than 4 hours of sun during winter.

2 ule

t Mod

tmen

Apar

Office

ule

Mod

• Less than 50% view visibility to key points in the site. • Less 4 to 7 hours of sun during winter.

• Less than 50% view visibility to key points in the site. • Between 4 to 7 hours of sun during winter.

ule

Offi

od ce M

tmen

Apar

UNIT DESIGN

e Modul

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

UNITS

Facade Logic

Tower Program

We investigated different types of forms that can be extracted from the existing site condition’s character and language.

The tower consists of 1 bed, 2 bed, 3 bed and office modules that have been arranged within the system, following tinformation from the census data which is why we are accomodation more 1 and 2 bed modules than others as out target residents is mainly singles and couples.

These forms will then shape the apartment balconies which can be fully experienced as an homage to the existing site from the ground floor.

1 Bed Type 1

1 Bed Type 3

1 Bed Type 2

2 Bed Type 1

2 Bed Type 2

2 Bed Type 3

2 Bed Type 4

3 Bed Type 1

3 Bed Type 2

3 Bed Type 3

4 Bed Type 4

1 Bed Type 4

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

SKIN Material Study

In our material study we adapted the characteristics of the warehouses in the form of sandstone brick and redbrick, aswell as blackbutt timbeer and jarrah timber to keep the same language on the ground plane and towers.

ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS Brick

Southern Warehouses in QVM

Timber

Beige

Skin Design

SKIN DESIGN

Sandstone Brick

Blackbutt

Red Brick

Jarrah

Red

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

SKIN

Parametric Brick Wall

Because brick was an important component for our façade from the existing warehouses, we experimented with different ways that brick could be manipulated to create an aesthetic impact, but also altering the microclimate adjacent to it. These iterations involved changing the form of an undulated wall and twisting different bricks on a flat wall to create porosity and pattern.

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

Form effect on UTCI From our initial brick experimentation we tested 5 different façade treatments to find the most effective in relation to the UTCI human comfort, this lead us to pursue the chamfer towards the sky treatment due to its reduced temperature around the initial boundary of the structures.

D 03

C°

30 27.5 25

22.5 20 17.5 15 12.5 10

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

7.5 5

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

SKIN

Chamfered Technique

Facade Module Analysis

We analysed the 6 modules with a daylight hours analysis, which measured how much sunlight enters the modules over a 10 hour period from 8AM – 6PM, and a UTCI analysis which measures how people will experience the space through temperature in degrees Celsius.

From this analysis it was noted that seating and walking were the most problematic in regards to sunlight.

DAYLIGHT HOURS ANALYSIS SUMMER SOLSTICE 8AM - 6PM

UTCI ANALYSIS

HOTTEST WEEK 27TH JAN - 2ND FEB 8M

4m 01

03 01

03 HOURS

01 Door module

8M 2M

C°

6.00>

5.40

27.5

4.80

4.20

22.5

3.60

3.00

17.5

02 Garage module

01 Door module

03 Seating module

02 Garage module

2.40

04 Shopfront module

03 Seating module

1.80

12.5

05 Window module

04 Shopfront module

1.20

05 Window module

0.60

7.5

<0.00

06 Walking module 04

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

06 Walking module

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 04 - METHOD

SKIN

Brick Porosity

Porosity Sunlight & UTCI

We further tested 4 different methods of porosity within brick, vertical, horizontal, perforated and stepping, they were then all analysed and were altered specifically to the direction they would be facing, the vertical porosity method was the most efficient in allowing light into the interior spaces.

After applying the porosity there is a significant difference in the North and the East and west modules, however the south still receives no direct sunlight therefore we have compensated through having more porosity for window frontage.

DAYLIGHT HOURS ANALYSIS

VERTICAL

HORIZONTAL

PERFORATE

DAYLIGHT HOURS ANALYSIS

STEPPING

SUMMER SOLSTICE 8AM - 6PM

NORTH

EAST AND WEST

SOUTH

SUMMER SOLSTICE 8AM - 6PM

UTCI ANALYSIS

HOTTEST WEEK 27TH JAN - 2ND FEB

8M 2M

NORTH

SEATING HOURS

HOURS

C°

6.00>

5.40

27.5

4.80

6.00>

EAST AND WEST

5.40

4.20

4.80

3.00

17.5

2.40

1.80

12.5

1.80

1.20

0.60

7.5

<0.00

3.60 3.00

1.20

SOUTH

WALKING

0.60 <0.00

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

22.5

3.60

4.20

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

CONCLUSION

Hybrid Development @ Queen Victoria Market In a large scale project such as this, it is paramount that each aspect commucates with each other. Whether it be through micro or a macro scale. They must be cohesive and support each others main purpose. In this case we look at the Hybrid System and how we can create programs that not only fulfil their purpose but also improve human experience. We investigate sub-systems such as the ground level experience, tower experience, unit experience and the facade treatment and how each sub-system can work together and create a hybrid development. Through this design loop we can research, analyse, develop and refine endlessly and rigorously even after completion to continue improving and innovating.

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS tower a and tower b perspective

West Entrance

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

GROUND Master Plan

Complete with various programs and transition spaces all connected through permeable paths formed by the surrounding grids.

01 Market mixed-use area 02 Central garden/Plaza

03 East entrance/PTV 10

04 West Entrance 05 Recreation

06 South Entrance

07 Private upper terrace 08 Tower 1

3 7 4

09 Tower 2 10 Public parking

6 5

11 Events 12 Plaza

Diagrams completed by Matt Grigoriou

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

GROUND

Ground Program

Plaza Level Program

: Our refined program allocation on the ground floor revolves solely around public orientated programs.

The Plaza Level focuses on semi-private activities and programs.

Core

Event Space

Information

Hospitality

Retail

Entrance to/Towers

Green Space

Heritage Museum

Car Park

Bus Stop

Recreational

Office

Market Related

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

Market Related

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

West Aerial View

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

TOWER Tower Program Our upper level consists of mainly privately accessed programs.

Core Event Space Information Hospitality Retail Entrance to/Towers Green Space Heritage Museum Car Park Bus Stop Recreational Office Market Related

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TOWER

Typical Floor Plan (Residential)

Typical Floor Plan (Public Open Space)

For our general floorplan in tower 1 we can see the arrangement of residential level, which can accommodate 25 residents.

In level 22 of tower 1 it shows the public access within the tower and possible commercial spaces

LEVEL 05 - RESIDENTIAL FLOOR PLAN

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

LEVEL 22 - PUBLIC ACCESS FLOOR PLAN

01 1 Bed Apartment 02 2 Bed Apartment 03 3 Bed Apartment 04 Offices 05 Elevators

01 Event Space

06 Utility

02 Hospitality

07 Foyers

Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

03 Elevetors Diagrams completed by Jayden Von

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

TOWER

Site Section

Construction Materiality

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

For our construction material we plan to choose recyclable steel as our main skeleton for the tower component.

CBD Grid

Flagstaff Gardens

Diagrams completed by Matt Grigoriou

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

Internal Garden and Plaza

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

UNIT Unit Floor Plans

For our general floorplan in tower 1 we can see the arrangement of residential level, which can accommodate 25 residents.

APARTMENT FLOOR PLANS

1 Bed Apartment

2 Bed Apartment

3 Bed Apartment

5.8 m

1 4

6.3 m

12.6 m

15.5 m

01 Kitchen

02 Living

05 Balcony

03 Bedroom

06 WC

04 Bathroom

07 Laundry

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

West Entrance

SKIN

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

Ground Level Modules We developed façade modules for the ground plane based on the chamfering technique which could be used universally around the site depending on the program. The door and seating are fixed to 4m wide, the shopfront and garage module to 8m. The window module is flexible with it’s 2m width for stacking, and the walking module is flexible to fill space between modules WITH EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL PROGRAMMING 5M

8M 2M

Hospitality Car Park Mixed Use Retail Apartment Entry Offices

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

100

101

ANALYTIC AMALGAMATION

CHAPTER 05 - RESULTS

SKIN

Ground Level Module Renders

Facade Treatment

We investigated how these modules would affect human activities and how they might be visualized in a real scenario. These helped determine where the modules would position best based on program behind it such as hospitality, office space, retail and more.

The upper parts of the podium were given a similar façade, with brick as the material. Twisting to allow air flow and light to program such as private car parking. The glass and aluminium façade is to fit the connection between the two podiums and treat as a softer lightweight façade that connects well with the rawness of the bricks.

Glass Brick

Aluminium

01 Door module 02 Garage module 03 Seating module 04 Shopfront module 05 Window module 06 Walking module

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

102

Diagrams completed by Jordan Veniamakis and Matt Grigoriou

103

South Entrance

REFERENCE • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

CHAPTER 06 - APPENDIX

•

tower a and tower b perspective

Holl, S. (2014). This is hybrid : an analysis of mixed-use buildings. Vitoria: A+T Architecture. Mortimer, K. and A+T Research Group (2015). Why density? : debunking the myth of the cubic watermelon = Desmontando el mito de la sandía cúbica. Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain: A+T Architecture Publishers. Page 4, Melbourne Aerial, https://www.lensaloft.com.au/assets/img/gallery/gallery-single/auto-width/gallery-auto-width-42.jpg Page 6, H-Block Maze Prison, https://www.irishtimes.com/polopoly_fs/1.1371092.1366805741!/image/image.jpg_gen/derivatives/landscape_490/image.jpg Page 7, The Hive Lofts Queensway, https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/GnXdbLZWVdQEbgYDcX-MFcFPNy3igBXMhXZ4o8JO80svIzvQbu5q9Cp_WvWfLreCb9lfXB0ghcxLclIobzC x4bguItavXAgR_4NJmM-UljAY5NCj1UxuhjzkaQ Page 8, Nueve 84 Curridabat Building, https://pimsaweb.s3.amazonaws.com/images/projects/5eb194e59feede001ea2823a-Nueve84%20banner.png Page 9, Buchoholzer Grun Housing, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/6091/9ab0/f91c/8137/3a00/0048/medium_jpg/CS20210324_BTA_BHG_404.jpg?1620155022 Page 10, VIA 57 West by Bjarke Ingels Group, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/57d1/6116/e58e/ceaf/e500/0170/newsletter/w57-image-by-nic-lehoux_original. jpg?1473339656 Page 11, Toronto Timber Tower, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5983/6778/b22e/3899/4f00/0130/medium_jpg/penda_TreeTower_(0).jpg?150178392 Page 12, Y Block Oslo Norway, https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/yxWg24CHeGY1G_WCzbp0wzGtgrxPbW3hRPDvSWHGkuPw2KJZ9SycAYAAkQnV8QCe3syzRyCjGqGXVE-m33B QNjHzoByjGuX6bRBe59f7zY4QN62GguFzwx96otWfIvJTEs1GlW8UxNL2JhNL-GiP8zaQyoBK2XzL3IlI_WgsrX1L0ZFq607U1sCZ Page 13, Southbank by Beulah, https://www.coxarchitecture.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/UNS_Green-Spine_view-aerial-1080x1080.jpg Page 21, Ralph Knowles - Solar Envelope, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5893/12fc/e58e/ce6e/c700/0302/newsletter/8_05_2.jpg?1486033655 Page 24-25, Low2No by Rex, https://rex-ny.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/01-38.jpg Page 26, Toronto Timber Tower, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5983/6778/b22e/3899/4f00/0130/medium_jpg/penda_TreeTower_(0).jpg?150178392 Page 32, Queen Vicoria Market Aerial, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Aerial_photograph_of_Queen_Victoria_Market.jpg/1024px-Aerial_ photograph_of_Queen_Victoria_Market.jpg Page 43, The Empire Stores - Brooklyn, https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/55d76180e4b0504764b18bcb/1517948628749-XBV0BECQC53TDEKS6KFR/170911+S9+Em pire+Stores+006.jpg?format=1000w Page 80, Sala Ayuthaya Hotel ,https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2015/02/Sala-Ayutthaya-by-Onion-aa_dezeen_784_4.jpg, Page 80, Thayer Brick House, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5cff/3be7/284d/d191/4200/0438/newsletter/LiptonThayer_015_Peters.jpg?1560230852 Page 81, Eladio Dieste Cristo Robrero Church, https://images.adsttc.com/media/images/5aa0/7d9b/f197/ccb5/4d00/0060/slideshow/100218__-__Uruguay_2018_ph_Moreno_y__ Viramonte-1242.jpg?1520467348 Page 81, Structural Oscillation - ETH Arkitektur, https://rok-office.com/media/uploads/images/thumbs/3a7b103a67f04bda9c84d8abab5e7ff3_940_664_ ughvdg8grvriifp1cmljaa%3D%3D_92.jpg

Ralph Santos Masters of Architecture and Urban Design Swinburne University ralphsantos.au@gmail.com