L^EM #
LZ8_
D[QB WZ[X;M WTM
0L+3ZU TZ-L\:3 Qe3[+M 3CZ3ZO
XeQ\ 3< O75\F\
I<8O ,T" WZL[M3 XQ8Q 3< LZ[W3 H[23Z
5]:OZB # [IO FX [T3ZW 3F JZT:^D FOE") LeD; 3< L][F3QP XW $5Qa LXZ D75a Wa J8ZT 3< 5ZO7=\
W]'U:MLYh JTZL\ 3Z ELZ3Z [UTOZ: [W"X 8fXZF 3< WIZ' I<8O# +3D[B 3F J\8 F3F
<<$"vWO;-B\WO DO 3. H_1>3 HO>>
TV_ 4, $"3 3
W"HZD3# F\QZK [L3 HOZLU_DZBZ# [TFTD;H Le&2Z WXZM3 W"HZD3# 5\BZ3\ 2HOEU"W W"HZD3# OZ:aU O7:F I<8O W"HZD3# %3N^Z HZOE 3Z[UT +L]4 W"TZDDZBZ# LF\VZ KEQZ / 3>LZO H"3: 9?:Z&F# [TLQ WO3ZO (%=` ?ZMOE1=O) Oe9XB 3>LZO OZM, $[FQ 3>LZO Ie=e Wa1UF# FOQ) [JIY= (9??=; Ie=e ,9?=O), [:Ba>) 5]?BZ (8\I Ie=e$ZIO), [2K]TF [BTZO;, 9DFaU HOJ, [FOZQZ [2HZ>; ,W. O[^B (3e2x?Fa=O), :eEZ [W"X $[E3ZO; (Ie=e 9OW8_) W"HZD3<M ,1:\1M^9=T# LFe: 3>LZO W"DK_# $Q3Z 5]?BZ W"HZD3<M 8aMOLbF# [TFeD LaXBZ [J:FaW 3ZMOQM# +a[W?Q=# %Qe3 3\TZJBT W\,I0# [TFeD 3>LZO H[A13O [TeZHF# :FOQ LbFa:O# [U[UO W1WaFZ ([TeZHF), 3J\O 4hO (3gH_.), LfWL\ JF:? 6eV, (LZ 3\[FTZWF (8a>F'), 3][B3Z D;TZF ('N? ,7? LZ3O9=75) $[WJ=Q= :FOQ LbFa:O# W"BeV FZMO O;:FQ LbFa:O# ,7CF\ :eWI W\[FMO LbFa:O# $":\B [2TaD;, |:TaE= IFO?e, W]E\O U]1QZ, 5eHZQ.3F. $DMO LbFa:O# ,L. W]F\Q OZ:^ W3>aQaUF# TZ&W +a[W?Q=# F\O: OfQ\ FaUFQ XE?# 9XLNU] HN?EM ([J:FaW ?ETQHLP=), :FOQ LbFa:O# %Oe:3MZ OZ:, J\.,W. :fXO $[WJ=Q= :FOQ LbFa:O# L]3FU Q4FHZQ :eFQ WaEW LbFa:O# $[F"L JbF:? (TaJ=), :\. OLaU (WZ(C) LbFa:O# [TFeD :eU\ +e?1UF ,T" [WJ=L# W\[FMO LbFa:O# UUN3 D;[^B, DEUOZ: :WTZQ, W":M FZO75 $3Z(7=# $[WJ=Q= :FOQ LbFa:O# 8aBF J]9JOZ:Z +UZWF# $[WJ=Q= :FOQ LbFa:O# OZ:P) 3>|H LP=gO# LXEFTO HaO; +EZF 3ZMOQM# ,.J\.-10 WIDO:"5 ,>1QaT, F' 9DEQ\-110029 W"HZD3<M 3ZMOQM# ,.J\.-6 WIDO:"5 ,>1QaT, F' 9DEQ\-110029 =EQ\IeF # 33505500, IH1W # 26191420 $ZX3< 3F [Q, W"H3a # 011-33505653 yourhelpline@outlookindia.com WZLZ>M H^9BZ9 queries@outlookindia.com $>M 3ZMOQM# =EQ\IeF# L]"J'# 33545000, IH1W # 33545100, 3eQ3ZBZ# 33545400, IH1W # 22823593, 8a>F'# 33506300, IH1W # 28582250, JP5Q^O# 33236100 IH1W # 25582810, XGDOZJZD# 23371144 IH1W # 23375676, W"HZD3 F\QZK [L3 %(=Q]3 H[AQ[U"5 (&79?MZ) +Z. [Q. 3< BOI Wa LXEFTO HaO; MZOZ DG[F3 KZJ3O (,L.H\. [+"=W_), J\-220, IFW-2, Fe,?Z-201305 ((_O +DEU) Wa L]9)B 1O ,.J\.-10 WIDO:"5 ,>1QaT, F' 9DEQ\ Wa +3Z[UBj 1 LZ8_, 2012 LZX 3F [Q, +3Z[UB 3>Q H_I> W"2MZ 72 + %TOA
26. 1MZ :IO 5]:OZB :bWZ LXZD75Z W"KT XG FOE>) LeD; Wa 25 $F]_9OB WTZQ
D[QB WZ9X;M [TUaV
42 %"eU ;N3F $HFa $"DO D[QB WZ9X;M HO ,3 WTM
43 W]Fe 'ZUA
LQ4ZF [W"X 3< 3[TBZ
44 DQDQ
0L+3ZU TZEL\:3 3< 3XZF\
46 LN, 5]& 1O WZx3ZO
LeXFDZW Fb[LUOZM 3< 3XZF\
48 9XJWa 3< $[JCMN
W^O:HZQ 3< 3XZF\
50 :F 3< KZVZ LP
:M+3ZU 3D`L 3< 3[TBZ
52 [HBZ K\ XeBa XW LN
O:BOZF\ AL\F^B 3< 3[TBZ
54 MZBFZ 3Z MCZC_ 1O L][1B 3Z JT?F D[QB WZ9X;M LP %;L3CZ L:J^B [TEZ O75-O75\Q\ XeQ\ %'
62 LV5F\: 5ZCZ K"5-BO75 LP y&D75
64 K"5 3F 6e=ZQa LP XeQ\ JZTOZ LfWL JfOZ, [T8ZO
66 DDN 9DQ DDN [:5O LfWL XG %[U3ZFZ
68 LV 3XN :Z)7?
W]OQ) ULO 3< [H83ZO;
70 :]3OJ5OM FL#
IFWJ]3 3< 8L;3ZO; 3CZ
8 L]KZ# Qe3B"2 3< 3<LB
16 B\4a JeQ# LfF Be&Q +EZFL"2\
14 +BZ&FZ# 3ZF^F Wa )HO J3AQ
20 WLZ:# :Z[B H"8ZMBQ 3< HXQ
8]FZT LP %8ZO W"9XBZ 3e EBZ :MH]O %L? J3AQ LP MfF +BZ&FZ
3TO 9?:Z&F# [TFTD;H Le&2Z
%(=Q]3 MZF\ WL$ DC[I=3eA ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 1
2:\ HO W]'U:MLYh JTZL\ 3< JaJZ3 OZM =Q3 LP FX" XQ5a $J JZQ-[TTZX
< H2 > 3< 3Wf=; 1O TZJB[T3BZ 3F EOZBQ HO HaU 3OQ5aj
W]4DET [WWf9DMZ
3< FZ3 :|O 3=E5\j $5O 3N$aW 3e 3>9 4ZW J'B F [LQ\ Be MX DNT 3N$aW 3F [Q, LX75Z H&E5Zj
?g. W]U\Q 5]"?ETZO 9X75eQ\
JZ&LaO, OZ:JCZF
9X75eQ\, LXZOZI7
3>9 O75 Be QZ,5Z
WJWa J&; $[3FHO;^Z
%(=Q]3 IOTO; 3< 3TO J=eO; H';j XZQ X; LP $Q5-$Q5 OZ7MQ LP y, 8]FZT [TUaV3O (_O +DEU, 3N$aW 3F [Q, FX" J[E3 OZyQ 5NE\ 3F [Q, $[3FHO;^Z 3F WLZF XGj MX Be %Fa TZQZ WLM X; JBZ,5Z [3 %[4O; JZ:\ 3fF :\Ba5Zj Qa[3F 3N$aW $5O 8]FZTQ LP [H9&; Be 3L Wa 3L LFLeXF [W"X 3< :5X OZyQ 5NE\ 3Z 8aXOZ [D4Z' DEFZ H^O; BOX BM XGj 3N$aW :\B K\ 5' Be K\ LFLeXF [W"X $HF\ $^LBZ0" 3< T:X Wa :Z,75a X;j Ma 8]FZT OZyQ 5NE\ 3e GMZTXZ[O3 ,T" Me3M FaBZ
IOTO; 2012 3F $"3 LP 8]FZT\ 8fH& LP OZyQ 3F 3J9O$O 3Z DNT [TUaV %Qa4 ,3 W=;3 1O B3aW"5B [=?HA\ XGj &BFZ JHI= XG [3 (_O +DEU LP +DU_F $59Z OXZ Be &W3Z 3aM OZyQ 5NE\ 3e :Z,5Z 1O H[OAZL $F]3AQ FX" OXE Be &WWa OZyQ 3< FaB_;T ^LBZ HO WTZQ 4&E XQ5aj Qa[3F OZyQ 3F [Q, WJWa W3ZOZ;L3 H^, (F3< JaDZ5 9[T 1O %L :FBZ 3F WZC (F3Z W\EZ W"H3a, 3>9 O75 Be :|O QZ,5Zj
D;H3 3>LZO [W"X
vWOE OZ7MQ 3< W]E K\ QP
L^QB# %: (_O +DEU Xe MZ $>M [3W\ OZ7M 3F 8]FZT XQ, 3N$aW BCZ (F3F WXMe5\ DQQ 3F HZW M]TZ L]KZ X; L]2M L]KZ JF3O %5a Df& OXZ XGj 4]D OZyQ 5NE\ X; KZTFZ;L3 3Z?` 3e %5a J'Z OXE XW :e $>M HZ[=`MQ Fa FX" [3MZj Qa[3F OZyQ 5NE\ 3e 3L Wa 3L MX We8FZ 8Z[X, [3 DEU 3F $>M OZ7MQ 3< XZQB 3HW\ XGj MX K\ FX" We8FZ XG Be &BFZ Be We8 QP [3 DEU 3F 3N$aW UZ[WB +DEUQ 3< XZQB 3HW\ XGj
W"5\BZ TZW]DET
X:ZO;JZ5, ;ZO4"?
DNT LX75Z H& W3BZ XG
3N$aW $5O OZyQ 5NE\ 3e DEU 3Z $5QZ +EZFL"2\ JFBa y, DE4FZ 8ZXB\ XG Be (>XQ 8Z[X, [3 TX DEU 3F WK\ OZ7MQ 3< [8"BZ 3OQ F [3 [WIa (_O +DEU 3<j &BF\ :Ke:XD 3F JZD K\ $5O 3N$aW (_O +DEU LP UZFDZO +DU_F F 3O HZ' Be 3N$aW
H]OJ3DB H2
Ue3 WLZ8ZO
JyB w4 3F WZC W^[8B 3OBa XW :3 XLZOE WXMe5\, ,We[W,= W"HZD3 OT!) UZX 3Z W&3 w6_=FZ LP $WLM [FEF Xe 5MZ, (>XQ %(=Q]3 H9OTZO 3< 0O Wa 3JN:[Qj -Ue3 W"B?B %(=Q]3 H9OTZO
3>9 [DF HXQa =EJ= 3< F"JO ,3 =;L C\j WL; LP FX" % OXZ [3 &W XZO 3e 1MZ FZL [DMZ :Z,j &W3F 3ZOA 8ZXE 3>9 K\ XQ Qa[3F $J T1B % 5MZ XG [3 [4QZ[&MQ 1O [3"F= Je?` 3e KZOB\M ["3F= 3e 0MZF LP O4Ba y, 3&E IHWQa QaFa XQ5aj
WB\U 3>LZO
F"wOJZO, LXZOZI7
3&E IHWQa QaFa XQ5a
8"DfW\, (_O +DEU
IOTO; 2012 3F %(=Q]3 $"3 LP ["3F= HO Qa4 A&W XZO 3e XL 1MZ FZL DE"B H'Zj HXQa =;L &7[?MZ &73QV? Wa Q5ZBZO 8ZO =EJ= Lb8 XZO; 1O $J 2J7E[QMZ Wa K\ 8ZO Lb8 XZO 5'j LV XGOZF $ [3 MX TX; =;L &7[?MZ XG :e
WaFZ LP LaTZ
%(=Q]3 3F IOTO; $"3 LP :FOQ 1O (F3< HOEUZ[FMN Qa4 LP =;L %(=Q]3 3< H&BZQ Wa Q5BZ XG [3 :FOQ T\.3F. [W"X Fa $HF\ HOEUZ[FMN H^A_|H Wa JTM" ':ZD 3< y' XWj
!aA\# XZ[:O :TZJ D-U 3. [Q, 3fF 3OBZ X/ %(=Q]3 3F IOTO; $"3 LP %J^EZJ\ LP [X7D; 3e [:"DZ O4Fa 3< :Ke:XD LP Q5a [X7D; [U^3 1O KZOB\M OZ:vB 3e WZE]TZD, TbWa K\ WZ[X;Me;WT :bWa BLZUa XLZOE MXN 3L FX" XeBaj (WLP W]WZ[X;M 3e Qa3O WZC_3 88O KQa F Xe ($J TXN 8ZM, 3gI<, FL3<F FX") 84Fa 3F WZC L[DOZ 3< F[DMN :|O JXB\ XWj L[DOZ X; 1MQ, 4ZFa 3Z WZLZF K\ H]OZFa J=Z&Q 3Z FX" XeBZj L[DOZ 3F 'V? F,, Be 84Fa 3F H3TZF K\ F,j TbWa MXN J&E 3QZ3ZO 1O Qa43 3< HX8ZF [TTZDZJHD [=?HA\ Wa X; XeB\ XGj ["3F= LP KQa XZOE XQ Qa[3F [4QZ[&MQ 3< :aJ HO 3e' $WO FX" H&Zj TbWa K\ DEU 3F [Q, 3fF 4aQBZ MZ [4QZBZ XGj _I=Z8ZO Wa $JB DEU 3e M]TZ U[1B Te= Wa JDQa Be JZB JFaj
!aA\# W]O L2 W]O 3 Z 3ZF^F JFa LF\VZ KEQZ 3< +JB][B J~Q 3< L"?; 3Z IHQBZ GMZHZO Fa J~Q 3F WZC XeFa TZQa UZO;[O3 UeVA , $;MZ8ZOQ 1O $HOZEQ 3Z :e AMfOZ +JB]B [3MZ XG TX XLZO; F!D 1O 8bF (&Z DEFa TZQZ XGj KQa X; 3R) 1O OZ7M WO3ZOE" &Wa 5"K\OBZ Wa F QP, HO WLZ: ,T" WZLZ[:3 W"JCZ0" 3F [Q, MX ,3 J&Z L]DKDZ XeFZ 8Z[X,j ,3 [F[F8B Me:FZ 1O ,3 We8a WL;a OZJBa 3F :[OMa OE? QZ&= ,[OMZ, JZQ3L, K\4 ,T" $"5 GMZHZO 3F [Q, (>XQ J[Q 3Z J3OZ JFZMZ :Z OXZ XGj :e UO;O Wa L:J^B XG (Wa L:vO, UZO;[O3 $H"5 3e [K4ZO;, W]"DO XG (Wa JZQ TaFMZT_[_ LP E3FQZ :Z OXZ XGj &Wa J'ZTZ DEFa TZQQ LP 4Z3< TD@ 1O WIFDHeU Qe5 DeFQ UZ[LQ XWj w4 3< JZB XG :3 OZ:EZF\ 9DEQ\ LP 5]LU]DZ J~Q 3Z %"3&Z WJWa 7MZDZ XG, :XN Wa H^OZ DEU UZ[WB XeBZ XGj WO3ZO &W LZLQa LP 3>9 3OE5\ FX" Be J~Q 3< L"?; IHQB\ :Z,5\j
!aA\# [F"D3 [FMOF, O8FZ3ZO HaU 3O3 OZ[UIQ JB"K DE43O Q5BZ XG [3 HZ>3Q 3e JaT3AI JFZFa 3< HO7HOZ z3Fa TZQ\ FX"j K[TIM H'3O 3>9 HZ>3 OeBa XW Be 3>9 X7WBa XW Qa[3F LV ?73F 3< 8e= HO 3XBZ $ [3 &WWa ,3 K\ QZKZ[>TB FX" XeBZ XGj WTM 3< w[FMZ 3F WOBZ: %(=Q]3 3F [Q, 3O;J ,3 X:ZO Qe5Q Wa :J OZ[UIQ 3F W"J"E LP 6Z=E-QZK 3Z WTM^A [3MZ BJ H8\W I<WD; Qe5Q Fa LZFZ [3 $59Z K[TIMIQ DE43O LaOZ LFeJQ J' :ZBZ XGj XL +MZW 7MZDZ 3OBa XW Qa[3F BJ K\ H[OAZL (E=Z Xe :ZBZ XGj 3K\ OZ[UIQ LP K[TIM $"E3ZOH^A_ [D4BZ XG 1O XL 3ZLMZJ\ 3F ;"?E 5Z& DEBa XWj H8ZW I<WD; Qe5 3XBa XW [3 K[TIM DE4Fa 3< ^LBZ 3FTQ K5TZF LP XGj H8\W I<WD; 3XBa XW [3 OZ[UIQ LX;FZ J\BFaa 3F JZD HBZ Q5BZ XGj &Wa 4;L 3O F, HZ>3Q 3Z ,3 H>FZ %O[^B 3O H23Z[OBZ 3< w[FMZ 3< LXZF X[JBMQ 3F %5a F, O8FZ3ZOQ 3e HaU 3OFa 3Z WZXW 3OQj
WZMF, L]"J'
;]";]F^, OZ:JCZF
DET6O, ;ZO4"?
3\3NB 3>Q3aI>
W]KZV W\. 3JTN
2 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
8")Ua4O 8fEO;
< H2 > WZ9X[;M3 H9O88O Q5Z
%F8M_ XG [3 :J WaFZ +L]4 T\.3F. [W"X Fa ,F?;, %TaDF LP $HF\ :>L [B[C 1950 D:_ 3OTZ' C\ Be TX [3W %EZO HO C\j UZMD Lb[73 3< :>L [B[C 3Z +LZA H2 Be (WLP K\ Q5Z CZj $J [3W F, Lb[73 +LZA H2 3F %EZO HO $HF\ :>L [B[C 1951 JBZ OXE XW, :e ,:\ [TKZ5 3F W]H]D` XGj M[D 3X" :>L [B[C LP [TW"5[B OX 5' C\ Be 1965 LP KOE %TaDF IZL_ 3< :>L [B[C 3< MZD 2006 LP 1MQ %'j &W [TW"5[B 3e TX 2006 Wa HXQa >;3 3OTZ W3Ba Caj F [TTZD XeBZ, F WaFZ 3< E^[LQ 9[T 1O E^[LQ XeB\j W8 JZB MX XG [3 WaFZ LP [LQFa TZQZ LaTZ %DL\ Wa 3>9 K\ 3OTZ QaBZ XGj
$Qb1W
;]";]F^, OZ:JCZF
IOTO; 2012 3Z $"3 [TUaV [TVM TJB] 3F 3ZOA L];a WZ[X[;M3 H[O88O [TUaVN3 Q5Zj &W $"3 LP [X7D; WZ[X;M 3e +e;WZ[XB 3OFa TZQa %Qa4 OXEj :MH]O WZ[X;Me;WT LP :e y% TX [X7D; WZ[X;M 3F [Q, $59; 4JO FX" OX;j &WLP Be TbFT\3OA 3F 8QBa %Me:3Q LP $"$a:\ 1O $>M [T8ZOEZOZ0" 3F WZ[X;M3ZOQ 3e +ZC[L3BZ D; 5'j WZ[X;Me;WT LP [X7D; 3F T[OI> O8FZ3ZOQ, L[XQZ O8FZ3ZOQ BCZ WQLZF zFD; 3Z $F]H[JCB XeFZ WZ[X;Me;WT 3< WIQBZ HO +FF[8D Q5ZBZ XGj
[T3ZW H=EQ 8[LMZQ\, (>FZT
[TFTZW 3Z $KZT
%(=Q]3 3F IOTO; 2012 $"3 LP +3Z[UB Qa4 55 7ZMQ 3< 4]QB\ HeQ H'Zj WLZ: LP ?g1=O; 3F HaUa 3e WCLZ[FB DC[I= Wa DE4Z :ZBZ XGj %: ?g1=O LZFTBZ 1O WfXZD` Wa [TX;F 1O Fb[B3 |H Wa H[BB Xe3O QeK ,T" _I=Z8ZO 3F K"TO LP I8Wa y, [D4Z' DEBa XWj 8"D zHMQ 3< 4Z[BO 3>9 ?g1=O, LO;: 3F WZC [TFTZW JCZ[HB FX" 3O HZBa [:WWa %, 9DF &W HaUa HO DZ5 Q5 OXE XWj
[TTa3 MZDT B[LQFZ?=
-Wa [T3ZW FX" Xe5Z
%(=Q]3 IOTO; $"3 LP AF1UZ JDQFa 3< [WMZWBB H'Zj 9_\W5' 3< OLF [W"X WO3ZO Fa OZ7Me LP [:QQ 3< W"2MZ 18 Wa J'Z3O 27 3O D; XGj 3XZ :Z OXZ XG [3 MX WJ [T3ZW 3F [Q, Xe OXZ XGj [:W BOX LZMZTB\ (_O +DEU 3e 8ZO KZ5Q LP JN=Fa 3Z +JBZT [T3ZW 3F [Q, FX" Te= 3F [Q, DE OX; XW, (W\ BOX 9_\W5' LP -WZ y% XGj F, [:Qa MZ FMZ OZ7M JFZFa LP 3Oe?jQ zHMa 3Z 48_ %,5Zj WO3ZO 3Z B3a XG [3 -WZ XeFa Wa [:QZ L]2MZQM WJ3F 3O;J Xe :Z,5Z Qa[3F Q^=Fa TZQa K\ J' :Z,75aj :FBZ 3Z [T3ZW L]2MZQM 3O;J XeFa Wa FX", L^Q3 3ZM_ 3OFa Wa Xe5Zj
9DFaU 8") +WZD 3eQ3ZBZ
J58a XLZO; [:CLaDZO;
%(=Q]3 IOTO; 3F $"3 LP LF\VZ KEQZ 3F Qa4 AJ~Q 3< L"?; 3Z IHQBZ GMZHZOB LF L[JBI3 3e ;3;eO 3O O4 DEBZ XGj $1WO DE4Z 5MZ XG [3 -Wa W":\DZ L]KE OZ:F\[B, ["3F= 1O [IELQ 3< 83Z8RE LP 4e :ZBa XWj %H3F %"3&Q 3F $F]WZO M[D MX $HOZE &BFa J&E JBO HO IHQ OXZ XG Be &W3F H\9E 3X" F 3X" XLZOZ WO3ZO; B"2 [:CLaDZO XGj J~a XO 3e' FX" 8]OZ W3BZj 3>9 [5Fa-8]Fa $HOZE\ 1O W"5>F X; &W3F H\9E XQ5aj MX 3HWa LZF [QMZ :Z, [3 &BF\ 6=FZ0" 3F JZT:^D H][QW 3F XZCe FZ3Z[LMN Q5 OX; XWj LZBZ-[HBZ 3< K\ [:CLaDZO; XG [3 TX $HFa J~Q 3e HMO?B WLM DQ 1O (F3< 5[B[T[EMQ HO F:O O4Pj
WO3ZO 3e K\ &W JZOE LP W2B 3ZF^F JFZFa XQ5aj
(LaU 8") U]1Q
83 %C?` IeW_ OE:\LP=
WaFZ0M^ 3F WZC OZ:F\[B
IOTO; $"3 LP A:FOQ 1O (W3< HOEUZ[FMNB =;L %(=Q]3 3< [OHe=` H';j TZJBT LP :FOQ T\.3F. [W"X 'LZFDZO 1O JaDZ5 9[T TZQa :FOQ XWj WO3ZO J&E WfDE 3OFZ 8ZXB\ XGj (F WfDQ LP :FOQ 3< K\ WXL[B XeB\ XGj &W[Q, WO3ZO Lf:^DZ WaFZ0M^ 3e ,3 WZQ HXQa 6O Ka:FZ 8ZXB\ XGj :J TX &BFa WZQQ Wa WaFZ LP XW Be 1MZ HXQa :>L [B[C 3Z HBZ FX" Q5Zj WO3ZO -WZ &W[Q, 8ZXB\ XG BZ[3 HW"D 3F WaFZ0M^ 3< [FM][1B 3O W3Fj &WWa WO3ZO 1O WaFZ DeFQ 3< 9[T 4OZJ y' XGj
8fEO; O75QZQ [W"X ;]";]F^, OZ:JCZF
WO3ZO $TOeE3 Be&E
WQLZF zFD; 3< [3BZJ UbBZF 3< %MBP HO OZ:\T 5NE\ WO3ZO Fa Oe3 Q5Z3O Q5K5 Wf 3Oe& Qe5Q 3e &W $[E3ZO Wa LX|L 3O [DMZ CZ [3 &W [3BZJ LP 1MZ XG? 4]LbF\ Fa &W [3BZJ 3e L]WQLZFQ 3< KZTFZ0" 3e >EW H#8ZFa TZQZ JBZMZ CZj 1O $J &W\ 3N$aW WO3ZO Fa Te= [Q?WZ 3F 3ZOA :MH]O LP zFD; 3e %Fa Wa Oe3 [DMZj MXN B3 :3 (F3< T\[?Me 3g>,F[W"5 K\ 3>[=QBZ Wa Oe3 D; 5'j MX WOZWO (F3F +U"W3Q 3F WZC $>MZM XGj
4 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
O[FL QBZ
W\3O, OZ:JCZF
$"3 LP WLZFBZ FX"
:FTO; 3Z $"3 H'Z, L]2M H_I> HO KKZ [82 DE4Fa 3e [LQZ, $59Z FX" Q5Z, ,3 0O Be %HFa &Wa FTTV_ $"3 6e[VB :3MZ XG, TX" H[23Z LP Wa1W WTM [TUaV |H Wa +3Z[UB :3MZ XGj &F DeFQ B<MQ LP WLZFBZ vO-vO B3 F:O FX" %B\j L]2M H_I> HO -WZ [82 DEFZ H[23Z 3e F\8a 3F HZMDZF HO O4BZ XGj %(=Q]3 ,3 JBO;M H[23Z XG, &W3e XLaUZ 0MZF LP O4Zj MX 2MZQ O4Z :ZFZ CZ :3 BJT\OQ Ce&; HeU\DZ XeB!j KK; BJT\OQ Wa WZL$\ 3< 5"K\OBZ K\ 4;L XeB\ XGj
3zA +3ZU 5]FZ, L0M +DEU
H[23Z 3e UeKZ FX" DEBZ
%(=Q]3 3Z FTTV_ [TUaVN3 $:\Je5O;J Q5Zj WZQ 3F HXQa $"3 LP X; MfF-[FTOA 3Z L]KZ (>Z3O H[23Z Fa 1MZ WZ[JB 3OFa 3< 3e[UU 3< XGj 3TO H_I> Wa Qa3O H[23Z 3F K\BO B3 MfF [FTOA HO $"3 3R[)B OXZj WX; XG [3 KZOB LP Wa1W HO 4]Q3O JZB FX" XeB\ 1O H2H[23Z0" 3F [Q, MX &W\ 3ZOA 7MZDZ [J3Fa TZQZ [TVM XGj [J"< 3F [Q, Wa1W [TUaVN3 QZFZ 3L Wa 3L %(=Q]3 3e UeKZ FX" DEBZj H[23Z 3F JBO 3e 0MZF LP O4Pj
[TKT W1WaFZ
H\Q\K\B, (_O +DEU
$59; [8i\ [Q4P
XO JZO XLP $HFa HZ>33 3F @EO WZOE H2 [LQBa XWj H23 3< [T[TEBZ DE4 BM [3MZ 5MZ [3 B\F 3a[AM3, AXZ[:O :TZJB, AW]O LP W]OB 1O A[F"D3 [FMOEB LP ,3-,3 H2 3e H]OJ3DB [3MZ :Z,5Zj XZ[:O :TZJ H2 TX Xe5Z :e L]KE HO 8]=;Q\ JZB 3XE 1O W]O LP W]O %(=Q]3 =;L 3e WXQZBa y, XfWQZ J'Z,j [F"D3 [FMOE 3aA\ LP XLZO; W"HZD3<M WZL[$M3 HO W"B][QB WLZQe8FZ TZQa H23 3Z JTZ5B [3MZ :Z,5Zj -W"HZD3
< -B\WO XQ8Q >
K^4a OXQ5a K^4a, 3>HeVA HeVA Wa T"[8B JZ F\QZK [L!
L]QZ[X:Z Xe[UMZO, y3ALBa [X7D L]E3 3F 3Oe&Q K^4Q 3F Ha= LP Ke:F 1O (F3< 3>He[VB O5Q LP HeVA H#8ZFa 3Z 3ZF^F JFZFa 3< LU13B 3O OX; XGj [IO F5Z&E 5&5&Z,75a 1O WO3ZO 3< :M Xe 3Z [@7@eOZ [H=E5Z, Qa[3F F13ZO4ZFZ 4]QFa 3F 3JQ XL $HF\ %Qe8FZ 3< 9e=; W\ B^B\ 9E& OXE XW BZ[3 3e' W]FFZ 8ZXE Be W]FFa 3< 5]":Z&U JF\ OXEj Qe3B"2 LP :FBZ 3e W]FFa 1O W]F3O WO3ZO B3 H#8ZFa 3Z 3ZL W"WD LP Jb>Fa TZQa :FBZ 3F F]LZ&7DQ 3Z XGj 1O MX; F]LZ&7DE :FBZ 3F [Q, 3ZF^F K\ JFZBa XW 5e[3 (W 3ZF^F 3Z LWfDZ KQa X; WO3ZO HaU 3OEj 3ZF^F 3e $"[BL |H DE3O HZW Be W"WD X; 3OB\ XGj &WLP W"WD 3< JCZM\ W[L[B $XL [3ODZO [FKZB\ XG [:W3Z J&Z UeO XL WJFa $:AZ X:ZOE %"DeQF 1O Qe3HZQ [TEaM3 FZ=3 3F DfOZF W]FZj 3XZ :Z OXZ CZ [3 :FBZ 3F F]LZ&7DQ 3e [JFZ D4Q $HFZ 3ZL 3OFa Dej JCZM\ W[L[B 3< LU13BQ 3F J^Ba W"WD -WZ [F4OZ y% L:J^B Qe3HZQ 3ZF^F QZ,5\ [3 w[FMZ DNBQ BQa (75Q\ DJZ Qa5\j Qe5 $:AZ =;L 3F WT_U[1BLZF Qe3HZQ 3F +JBZT Wa K\ WU"[3B Ca, &W[Q, W' [3MZj HO FB\:Z 1MZ [F3QZ? w[FMZ Fa DNBQ BQa (75Q\ Be DJZ', Qa[3F WT_DQ\M JDF\MB\ HO [:WFa Qe3HZQ [TEaM3 3e =NM-=NM [IJW 3O [DMZj +JBZ[TB 4ZL W]O^Z [TEaM3 3F LZLQa LP K\ JCZM\ W[L[B 3< U]z%B\ 3ZM_TZX; XLZOE F]LZ&7DQ 3< 3ZM_^LBZ LP H^OZ [TFTZW FX" :5ZB\j [3W\ K\ [T8ZOZE\F [TEaM3 HO W"WD;M JCZM\ W[L[B Wa $Ha[^B XG [3 TX HMO?B WLM DE3O %L FZ5[O3Q Wa W];ZT %L"[2B 3OEj Qa[3F JCZM\ W[L[B Fa 4ZL W]O^Z [TEaM3 3F +Z|H HO W];ZT %L"[2B 3OFa TZQZ [TeZHF Be :ZO; [3MZ HN8 IOTO; 3e 1O &W3< ?E?QZ&F O4\ [WIa 15 [DF JZD, MZF\ 20 IOTO;j [TeZHF K\ H^OE DEU 3F WK\ J&E $4JZOQ LP FX" [DMZ 5MZ, LX: [TeZHF 3< 4ZFZH^O; 3< 5'j LWQF, L0M +DEU LP [WIa ,3 3L +WZO TZQa $4JZO 3e [TeZHF :ZO; [3MZ 5MZ 1O OZ:JCZF LP K\ [WIa ,3 [X7D; $4JZO 3ej B[LQFZ?= LP K\ ,3 3L +WZO TZQa $4JZO 3e [TeZHF [DMZ 5MZ 1O $WL LP [3W\ $4JZO 3e 3e' [TeZHF FX" [DMZ 5MZj H^OE DEU LP Q5K5 [LQBZ-:]QBZ XZQ OXZj &WLP KZVZ' $4JZOQ 1O [TeZHFQ 3< 6eO (Ha^Z 3< 5' [:W3< T:X Wa BZ^4 1O 3>HeVA 3F LWQa HO :L\F\ 3ZL 3OFa TZQa Qe5Q 3e HBZ FX" 8Q W3Z [3 +JBZ[TB 4ZL W]O^Z [TEaM3 3F +Z|H HO W];ZT LN5Fa TZQa [TeZHF 3J [F3Qa 1O 3J Be W];ZT Ka:Fa 3< ?E?QZ&F J\B\j 4ZL W]O^Z [TEaM3 3F +Z|H HO %L FZ5[O3Q 1O K^4 ,T" 3>HeVA 3F LWQa HO 3ZM_OB :L\F\ 3ZM_3BO0" 3F [T8ZO :ZFFa LX;TH^A_ &W[Q, XW [3 WO3ZO MZOZ +JBZ[TB [TEaM3 LP 8\:Q 3e [U4O Wa DE4Fa ,T" 3gOHeOE= z;ZFQ 3F 3ZOA JyB ;eQ XWj GMZH3 K^4 1O 3>HeVA TZQa DEU LP Ke:F 3< W]O^Z 3F [Q, B\F 8\:P :|O; XW# (HQAEBZ [:WLP JCZF\M JBO HO 4ZL (;HZDF 3e +ZC[L3BZ [LQa, Ke:F B3 Qe5Q 3< H#8 MZF\ %[C_3 1O WZLZ[:3 JBO HO :FBZ 3< Ke:F XZ[WQ 3OFa 3< ^LBZ, 1O $XAU\QBZ MZF\ Ke:F 3e HeVA LP JDQFa 3< ^LBZj
[TEaM3 3Z WO3ZO; LWfDZ [FOZU X; 3OBZ XG 1M3[3 MX DEU 3F WK\ Qe53 3e Ke:F 3Z $[E3ZO FX DEBZ 1O (>XQ Ke:F (HQAE 3OZFa 3< 5ZO7=; FX DEBZj
6 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
MZF\ 4ZL W]O^Z 3Z $WQ\ LBQJ MX XG [3 DEU 3F XO GM[1B 3e XLaUZ HMO?B HeVA TZQZ %XZO [LQFZ 8Z[X,j [:W KZOB LP XO vWOZ J~Z 3>He[VB XG, XO B\WOZ TMJ3 $EH[T3[WB 3ZMZ TZQZ XG 1O DW LP WZB 1OBP 4^F 3< 3L\ Wa $JB XW TXN WO3ZO; 4ZL W]O^Z [TEaM3 3F +Z|H LP HXQZ DeV Be MX; XG [3 (W3Z 6e[VB (KEFM 3>HeVA vO 3OFZ FX" J[E3 Qe5Q 3e A([8B L^EM HO HMO?B LZ2Z LP $>F (HQAE 3OZFZB XGj :XN B3 $>F 3< GMZH3 (HQAEBZ 3Z WTZQ XG TX [JFZ $FZ: 3< 4aB\ 3e QZK3ZO; JFZ, W"KT FX" XGj Qa[3F WO3ZO; [TEaM3 3F +Z|H LP 3D[V [T3ZW, >M^FBL WLC_F L^EM ,T" WO3ZO; 4O;D 1O $>F 3F %MZB-[FMOB 3F $XL LWQQ Wa De 8ZO XeFa 3< 3e' 3e[UU FX" XGj :XN B3 $>F 3F [TBOA 1O Qe5Q B3 (W3< H#8 3Z WTZQ XG, [TEaM3 3Z WO3ZO; LWfDZ [FOZU X; 3OBZ XG 1MQ[3 MX DEU 3F WK\ Qe5Q 3e Ke:F 3Z $[E3ZO FX" DEBZ 1O (>XQ Ke:F (HQAE 3OZFa 3< 5ZO7=; FX" DEBZj &WLP K\ :F[TBOA +AZQ\ 3e Q[^B JFZMZ 5MZ XG 1O 5O;J\ OE4Z Wa )HO BCZ F\8a 3F H]OZFa [TKZ:F 3e F, FZL3OA, WZLZ>M 3aA\ ,T" +ZC[L3BZ 3aA\ 3F BXB ,3 BOX Wa JO3OZO O4Z 5MZ XGj -Wa X; DeVH^A_ [TKZ:F 3< T:X Wa Ta K^4a 1O 3>He[VB Qe5 $FZ: Wa T"[8B OX :ZBa XW [:>XQ DO$WQ Ke:F 3< :|OB XGj 5O;J\ OE4Z Wa F\8a 3< W^8\ 3F JZOE LP [H9Qa TVU 3F B\F OZI7;M WTM JBZBa XW [3 $ZL\A &QZ3Q LP 5O;JQ 3< %E\ W"2MZ 3F HZW 5O;J\ 3Z?` FX" XeBZj Ma B\F WTM XW OZI7;M FL^FZ WTM^A (61TN 8", 2004-05), B\WOZ OZI7;M JTZJ<M WTM^A (2005-06) 1O KZOB\M LZFT [T3ZW WTM^A (2004-05)j [JXZO 1O ;ZO4"? :bWa OZ7MQ LP Be 5O;J\ OE4Z 3F F\8a 3F 80 +[BUB Qe5Q 3F HZW 2004-05 LP 5O;J\ 3Z?` FX" CZj 1O Be 1O, WO3ZO; LWfDE LP MX B3 FX" JBZMZ 5MZ XG [3 WZLZ>M 1O +ZC[L3BZ 3a[AMQ LP 3fF-3fF Qe5 XQ5a 1O [3W %EZO HO 8]Fa :Z,75aj MX JZB 3R) 1O OZ7M WO3ZOQ HO 9e&; 5' XGj $5O W"WD MX [JQ HZW 3OB\ XG Be $HFZ 3ZL DO$WQ TX 3ZM_HZ[Q3Z 3F )HO 9e& DE5\ :e Qe3B"2 3F W"B]QF 3F [Q, >;3 FX" XGj (HM]_1B %EZOQ HO WO3ZO; +Z|H 3e 4ZL W]O^Z [TEaM3 3XFZ 5QB Xe5Zj &Wa DO$WQ [WIa WO3ZO 3< $FZ: (HQAEBZ J3<L LZFFZ 8Z[X,j $5O J3<L K\ LZFa" Be &W [TEaM3 LP MX W][F[F8B 3OFa TZQa +ZTEZF FX" XG" [3 :L\F HO J3<L 3Z HZQF WX; @75 Wa Xe OXZ XG MZ FX"j +JBZ[TB WO3ZO; [TEaM3 3Z ,3 1O DeV &W3Z $;M[E3 3R);3DB XeFZ XG [:W3F ["MZ>TMF LP H"8ZMB\ OZ: W"JCZ0" 3Z 3e' Me5DZF FX" Xe5Zj K^[L3Z Xe5\ Be [WIa 3R) 1O OZ7M WO3ZOQ 3< [:WLP QZKZ[C_MQ, :F[TBOA +AZQ\, $FZ: 3< 3<LBQ %[D $XL LWQQ 3F JZOE LP [FA_M [WIa 3R) WO3ZO Qa5\j &W[Q, MX [TEaM3 TB_LZF JT|H LP QZ5^ y% Be 3R) 1O OZ7MQ 3F J\8 XLZO; W"6\M GMTJCZ LP JyB ;";= HbDZ 3OE5Zj ,3 1O J&; JZB MX [3 [TEaM3 LP $FZ: 3F JDQa 8eO DOTZ:a Wa QZKZ[C_MQ 3e F3D DEFa 3Z +ZTEZF O4Z 5MZ XG [:WWa $FZ: (F3< H#8 Wa vO L"?; LP E>FZWa>Q 3F XZCQ LP X; OXE5Z 1O HbWQ 3F LZLQa LP ENEQ\ $FZ: 3F LZLQa LP ENEQ\ Wa 7MZDZ %WZF Be XG X;j WO3ZO; +Z|H LP 1O K\ 3' DeV XG" [:FLP %L^Q W]EZO 3< :|OB XGj l
< L]KZ >
Qe3B"2 3< 3<LB 8]FZT %Me5 3< [XDZMBP yN F:O$"DZ:, %8ZO W"[XBZ 3Z :L3O y% (-Q"6F 3>LZO H"3:
HN
8 OZ7MQ 3F [TEZFWKZ 8]FZTQ LP %8ZO W"[XBZ 3Z (EQ"6F :XN 8]FZT %Me5 3F [Q, 8]FfB\ JFZ TX" (CL\DTZOQ MZOZ HbWa DE3O $HFa H^
LP 4JO 3F +3ZUF (Ha? >M^:) 3F [Q, [T[K>F L\[?MZ W"5>FQ 3e K]5BZF 3OFa TZQQ 3< W"2MZ LP &:ZIZ K\ y%j &F H"[1BMQ 3F [Q4a :ZFa B3 8]FZT %Me5 Ha? >M^: 3F LZLQQ LP 167 (CL\DTZOQ 3e Fe[=W :ZO; 3O 8]3Z CZ [:FLP WTO[E3 (CL\DTZO H":ZJ 3F XWj :J[3
[U3ZMBQ 3Z %"3&Z ,3 X:ZO Wa 3X" 7MZDZ XGj 8]FZT %Me5 3F $[E3Z[OMQ 3F L]BZ[J3 -Wa LZLQQ LP %Me5 HXQa [U3ZMBQ 3Z W"eZF LP QaBZ XG [IO [:Qa 3< [F5OZF\ W[L[B 3< [OHe=` 3F %EZO HO (CL\DTZO 1O L\[?MZ W"5>F 3F [4QZI Fe[=W :ZO; 3OBZ XGj WJWa 7MZDZ Ha? >M^: 3< [U3ZMBP ^a2\M 1O JCZF\M L\[?MZ +3ZU3Q 3F [4QZI yxj %Me5 3F $[E3ZO; JBZBa XW [3 $K\ Ma [U3ZMBP KQa X; (CL\DTZO F:O$"DZ: 3O DQ Qa[3F K[TIM LP Ma JZE3 JFP5\j 8]FZT %Me5 Fa 20 $1B^JO 2011 3e (_O +DEU 3F [JWfQ\ [TEZFWKZ ^a2 Wa [TEZM3 (LQaU MZDT 3e $Me3M 6e[VB 3O [DMZ CZj (>XQ 2007 3F [TEZFWKZ 8]FZTQ LP L\[?MZ W"5>FQ 3e KZO; KO3L OZ[U DE3O $HFa H^ LP 4JO +3Z[UB 3OTZFa 3Z DeV\ HZMZ 5MZj Ha? >M^: 3e $Fb[B3 3OZO DEBa y, L]2M 8]FZT %M]1B 9ZMZ# H\.=;.%'.
%8ZO W"9XBZ 3F 6aOE LP 3N aW LXZW[8T OZOQ 5NE\ )HO 1O OZQeD WNWD :M"B 8fEO; DZ,7 ,WTZ' 3>OGU\ 3XBa XW [3 8]FZT %Me5 :F-+[B[F[E;T 3ZF^F 3F BXB &Wa _I=Z8ZO 3F |H LP QaFa 3F [Q, 3ZF^F\ [T3EHQ 3< W"KZTFZ HO [T8ZO 3O OXZ XGj Qa[3F 3>OGU\ MX K\ 3XBa XW [3 %Me5 3< BZ3B 3FTQ (CL\DTZOQ B3 W\[LB XG, F :3 L\[?MZ B3 IHQ\j Ha? >M^: 3Z DZMOZ J'BZ :Z OXZ XGj 8]FZT %Me5 Fa &BF\ J&; W"2MZ LP M[D (CL\DTZOQ 1O L\[?MZ 6OZFQ 3e Fe[=W Ka:a XW Be &W3Z 3e' W"3FB Be XGj Ha? >M^: H":ZJ LP [TEZFWKZ 8]FZT 3F DfOZF J&; 4JO JF 5MZj LBDZF 3< [B[C 30 :FTO; %Fa B3 [:QQ LP L\[?MZ [F5OZF\ W[L[BMQ 3F %Me5 (,L,LW\,W) Fa B3O;JF 300 Fe[=W :ZO; 3O [D, Caj &FLP Wa 200 Wa $[E3 Fe[=WQ 3F :TZJ LP K]5BZF 3OFa MZ QaFa 3< JZB JT\3ZO 3< 5'j (CL\DTZO $HFa 8]FZT 8 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
+8ZO 3F [Q, 16 QZ4 zHMa 48_ 3OFa 3< TbEZ[F3 W\LZ 3F BXB MX 48_ [D4ZFa 3F [Q, BbMZO Caj &WWa :Z[XO XeBZ XG [3 +;Ma3 (CL\DTZO -WZ 3OBZ XG 1O &FLP Wa 7MZDZBO (CL\DTZO &Wa [F#W"3e8 JT\3ZO K\ 3O QaBa XWj (CL\DTZOQ 3F 8]FZT W"J"E\ +8ZO $[KMZFQ 3Z HBZ Q5ZFa 3F [Q, +;Ma3 [:Qa LP ,L,LW\,W 3F 5>F 3F JZD Ma Fe[=W :ZO; [3, 5, Caj Ha? >M^: 3< HX8ZF 3F [Q, GMZH3 LZFD7? $HFZ, 5, Caj [3W\ 4ZW $4JZO LP (CL\DTZO 3e [FO7BO 3TOE: [LQFZ, [T[K>F WLZ8ZO-H2Q LP [3W\ (CL\DTZO 3F 3TOE: LP ,3 BOX 3F JMZF XeFZ MZ ,3 H>Fa HO X; [3W\ (CL\DTZO 3F JZOE LP ,3 Wa $[E3 4JOQ 3Z +3Z[UB XeFZj OZ7M JBO 3< ,3 W[L[B =;T\ >M^: 8bFQQ MZOZ 8]FZT 3TOE: [D4Z, :ZFa HO [F5OZF\ O4B\ C\ 1O AW"[D3EB 3ZM_"LQ HO [U38:Z 3WB\ C\j 8]FZT %Me5 3F HXQ\ JZO Ha? >M^: HO $"3>U Q5ZFa 3F +MZWQ Fa H":ZJ 3F 3' L\[?MZ 6OZFQ 3e HOEUZF [3MZ XGj &W3F JZT:^D L\[?MZ HM_Ta^3Q 3Z LZFFZ XG [3 &W 3TZMD Wa [WIa 9e=; L9[QMN X; H3& LP %' XWj ,3 =;T\ 8bFQ ?E ,7? FZ&= >M^: 3F
+J"E W"HZD3 38TO W"E^ 3XBa XW, A(CL\DTZOQ MZOZ [TeZHF 9HTZFa HO 8]FZT %Me5 3< W2B\ 3Z vWOZ HXQ^ MX XG [3 $J $4JZOQ MZ =;T\ 8bFQQ HO JyB 3L (CL\DTZOQ 3F [TeZHF %Fa Q5aj &W3F JDQa (CL\DTZO MZ Be JCZF\M W"TZDDZBZ0" 3e HbWa DE DEBa XW MZ [IO Ha? >M^: LP [FTaU 3O DEBa XWjB H\H]EW HZ=@ 2I H":ZJ 3F +T1BZ :WT\O [W"X 3XBa XW, A3>9 $4JZO TZQQ Fa XLWa 2 3Oe& zHMa 3< 3<LB HO XLZOE L]2M (CL\DTZOQ 3e 25 [DFQ B3 3TOE: [DQZFa 3F [Q, W"H3a [3MZ CZj XLFa LFZ 3O [DMZ 1MQ[3 XLZO; (BF\ XG[WMB FX" C\j XLZO; [JE3>Q F' HZ=@ XG 1O XLZOE HZW HbWa FX" XWjB :WT\O JBZBa XW, A[:W +L]4 H":ZJ\ DG[F3 LP XLFa [TeZHF [DMZ CZ TX Be [D4Z, Qa[3F [3W\ $4JZO LP OGQ\ 3< 4JO FX" C\j XLFa :J W"TZDDZBZ0" Wa JZB 3< Be (F3Z 3XFZ CZ [3 -WZ &W[Q, y% Xe5Z :3 XLFa WLZ8ZO-H2 3F L]2M 3ZMOQM LP $HFZ [TeZHF J]3 3OTZMZ Xe5Z, 1MQ[3 -W\ [JC[B LP JCZF\M 3ZMOQMQ 1O W"TZDDZBZ0" 3Z 3L\UF LZOZ :ZBZ XGj XLP [TeZHF D;[:,
Be %H3e $59; 3TOE: [LQa5\jB J&; HZ[=`MQ 3< K\ MX; [U3ZMB XGj ,3 3N$aW\ (CL\DTZO 3XBa XW, AHXQa LVFa -W\ [JC[B FX" DE4\ C\j ,3 J&E L\[?MZ 6OZFa 3Z JCZF\M KZVZ 3Z ,3 $4JZO Be K]5BZF [3, J5bO ,3 UAD K\ FX" 9ZHBZj MX 4]Q\ AQb3La[Q"5 XGj HXQa Be LVFa [TOeE [3MZ Qa[3F :J LaOZ +[BM7M; (CL\DTZO $HFa WZC :]&Fa HO JZ0M 3OFa 3F [Q, LaOE 3ZM_3BO0" 3F [4QZI I:? 4JOQ 9HTZFa Q5Z Be LV DJZT LP % 5MZj [QXZ:Z XLP K\ K]5BZF 3OFZ H&Z 1O 1OQ 3< BOX X; LF5'7B 4JOQ 9HTZF\ H&"jB L\[?MZ LP Ha? >M^: 3F J'Ba +8QF HO JXW Be :eODZO XeB\ XG 1O 3' J&E L\[?MZ 6OZFa MX $[KMZF K\ 8QZBa XW [3 (F3F MXN Ha? >M^: 3Z +8QF FX" Qa[3F 8]FZTQ 3F WLM WZOE TZMDE EOE 3F EOE OX :ZBa XWj +EZFL"2\ ?Z. LFLeXF [W"X Ha? >M^: 3F J'Ba +8QF HO [8"BZ :Z[XO 3OBa XWj TX 3XBa XW [3 Ha? >M^: 3F [4QZI L\[?MZ 3e 4]D Q&Z' Q&F\ 8Z[X,j J&E OZ:F\[B3 DQQ MZOZ L\[?MZ 6OZFQ 3e [D, 5, HbWa 3< 3X" 3e' 88O B3 FX" XeB\ 1O 9e=E $4JZOQ HO &W3< 5Z: [5OB\ XGj KZOB\M +aW H[OVD 3F $0M^ >MZML^[B_ LZ3a:?EM 3Z=:^ 3XBa XW [3 &W J]O; +T_[_ HO Oe3 Q5F\ 8Z[X,j 8ZXE J&Z L\[?MZ Xe MZ 9e=Z, MX +8QF X; 5QB XGj 3Z=:^ 3XBa XW [3 :e [U3ZMBP +aW H[OVD 3e [LQB\ XW (F HO 5"K\OBZ Wa 3ZO`TZ' XeB\ XGj Ha? >M^: 3F +8QF HO +XZO 3OBa y, H^T_ 8]FZT %M]1B =;,W 3DIAL^[B_ 3XBa XW [3 L\[?MZ Wa :]&E WK\ W"JJ H^Q 3e &W L]KE HO 88O 3OFa 3F WZC 8]FZT 3F DfOZF H^HZBH^A_ [OHe=` 3e Oe3Fa 3Z (HZM 3OFZ 8Z[X,j &F 8]FZTQ LP Ha? >M^: 3F WZC-WZC %Me5 3e 8]FfB\ DEFa TZQa 3' -Wa LZLQa WZLFa %, [:>XQ Qa3O MX JXW XeFa Q5\ [3 1MZ 8]FZT %Me5 3< U[1BMN 3L XQ 5' XWj 3R);M 3ZF^F L"2\ WQLZF 4]U?D XQ MZ [IO &JHZB L"2\ JaF\ +WZD TLO, WJFa 8]FZT %Me5 3< :L3O E[77ZMN (&Zx 1O 8]FfB\ K\ DE ?ZQ\j 3N$aW LXZW[8T OZyQ 5NE\ Fa Be [:QZ +UZWF Wa 3L WLM 3< $F]L[B [LQFa 3F JZT:^D 3ZFH]O LP %8ZO W"[XBZ 3Z (EQ"6F 3OBa y, 7MZDZ WLM B3 Oe? Ue 3O ?ZQZj TX" OZQeD WNWD :M"B 8fEO; K\ 8]FZT %Me5 3e WIZ' DEBa OXEj 3' -Wa LZLQa WZLFa %, [:F HO 8]FZT %Me5 JTM" W"eZF Qa3O 3ZO`TZ' 3OFa 3Z LF JFZ OXZ XGj 3>OGU\ 3XBa XW [3 %Me5 3e [LQ\ [U3ZMBQ HO 3ZO`TZ' LP KQa X; DEO; Xe Qa[3F DEO-WJaO ([8B [FA_M %BZ X; XGj l WZC L2 8"DO W]BZ ?e5OZ ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 9
< H eW >
&W JZO W]FZL\ W_Z 3F WL"DO LP
DeFQ Ie=e# ,.H\.
LZQD;TTZ[WM3 3e HO7HOZ5B BZFa-JZFa Wa 9E 9Z FZL":^O OX;
M
X 3Z9XOZ 3Z BXO;O 8f3 MZ JXO;F 3< OZ:EZF\ LFZLZ 3Z HQ_ 8fOZXZ FX" CZ, F MX D[LF3 3< 5[QMZ" C\", F X; MXZ" HO (BF\ BZDZD LP Qe5 :LZ Ca [:BFa ,3 WZQ HXQa TXN $HFa-$HFa DEU 3F WXL[B JF 5' XGj 1MZ MX B2BZHQ= CZ MZ :F"Z"[B UZW3 Wa L][] HZFa 3F [Q, %"DeQF 3O OXE Caj Qa[3F [:W3F 8QBa DEU 3F WDO 3e $HFZ HD 9e&FZ H&Z? &F3Z L3WD 3LeJaU TbWZ X; CZj MX [X7D LXZWZ5O [:W GM[] 3e MXZ" 3F Qe5 LZL^F $AwQ 5M^L 3F B\W LP 1192 M;HQ TZQa DEU LZQD;T 3< OZ:EZF\ LZQa C\, WZQ 3F Q5K5 BZFZUZX; UZWF Wa L][] HZFa 3F [Q, %5a QZ,,TX 1MZ B\F WZQ LP &BFZ $Qe3[+M Xe 5MZ :XZ" 16 :FTO; Wa XO Oe: X:ZOQ Qe5 :]= OXE Caj Ma Qe5 OZI7H[B LeXCLD FU\D 3< F\[BMQ 3F [TOeE [3 (W3F [4QZI B\F X@Ba B3 %"DeQF 8QBZ OXZ? LP (FWa &JB\IF 3< LZ"5 3O OXE Caj 9X IOTO; 3e 1MZ T:X OX; [3 LZQD;T 3F [F3=BL WXMe5\ KZOB %"DeQF3Z[OMQ 3< BZDZD 12 X:ZO B3 Hy78 8]3< C\j Fa FU\D 3F XJB^aH 3OFa 3F [FTaDF 3e (F3Z %"B[O3 H][QW [TDie[XMQ 3F WZC C\j UZL B3 WaFZ K\ %"DeQ- LZLQZ JBZBa y, $JT\3ZO 3O [DMZ, :J[3 &W\ KZOB F3Z[OMQ 3F WZC % 4&; y'j &W3F $5Qa [DF W]JX Fa 1988 LP A2HOEUF 3H1=WB 3F BXB LZQD;T LP B;3ZQ\F OZbfH[B 5M^L 3Z B2BZH,3 4JO XO L\[?MZ 8bFQ HO C\, Q= Oe3Z CZ? DO$WQ LZQD;T 3< ALZQD;T LP B2BZHQ=...OZI7H[B Kf5e[Q3 [JC[B 3F 3ZOA MXZ" 3F FU\D Fa HD 9e&ZjB 3>9 DEO JZD Qe5 JTM" B3 W\[LB 1O HO7HOZ4JO %'- A(HOZI7H[B LeXCLD TZD; OXEj WZQ 2008 LP MXZ" :e FMZ TX;D XWF Fa W"[TEZF 3F $F]WZO W"[TEZF QZ5^ y%, (W3Z BZFZLZQD;T 3Z OZI7H[B HD W"KZQZjB JZFZ MXZ" 3F [8O7BF BfO-BO;3Q Wa FU\D 3F &JB\IF 3F 10 [DF JZD MX [TQ5 FX" CZj &W\ BZFa-JZFa Wa H23ZO LZQa 3< 5[QMQ LP XGj TX;D 9E&9Z& LZQD;T 3F Qe5Q 3e 5TZOZ 3< ,3<3DB WO3ZO LP FU\D 3< HZ=@ FX" y%j MXN (>X" M;HQ HO 3e 9e&3O UaV WZOE DQ UZ[LQ XWj L[DOZHZF 3< $F]L[B XG :XZ" WbQZF\ F, UZWF 3e J"v3 3< Fe3 HO >XOBa XWj (F 185 M;HQ HO FX" :XZ" $W"TbEZ[F3 B2BZHQ= 1O EZwL3 JCZF\M %JZD; XGj LZQa &F 185 8OLH"[CMQ 3< 3OF\ JBZBa y, M;HQ LP Wa ,3 XGj $HFa [4QZI FU\D WLC_3Q 3F WZC W]FZL\ [TOeE 3< [8"5ZO; FU\D Fa BJ JLZO3 HO OGQ\ 3O OXE XWj ,3 [DF W]Q5Z' :J (>XQFa LZQa LP L[DOZ HXQa KZOB\M [TDEU W[8T O7:F LBb (HQAE 3OZFa 3< 3TZMD U]| 3<j LZQa Xe3O 5, XWj TXN W_Z H[OTB_F OZI7;M =;T\ 8bFQ HO (F3< HZ=@ 3F JZD KZOB 3< 0O Wa MX HXQZ ,L?;H\ 3Z DJDJZ K\ Qe5Q 3e OZW WZC_3 3DL XG [:W3F $WO Wa Le. FU\D FX" CZj $DZQB\ +["MZ LP K\ $"B9OL 8]FZTQ HO UZMD WT_H^\M
:FBZ LaOE WZC XGj $"B9OL 8]FZT3 LP LaO; Qe3[+MBZ 3Z HBZ 8Q :ZMa5Z
10 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
FU\D 3F [TOeE LP FZOEJZ:\ 3OBa LZQD;TTZW\ FU\D 3< D4Q$"DZ:\ Qe5Q 3e (FWa vO 3OFa 3Z WJWa J&Z 3ZOA OX;j XZQZ"[3, :QTZM] H[OTB_F 3F L]KE HO HXQ 1O JTZJ<M J\LZ :bWa $59E 3DL K\ FU\D Fa (>Z, 1O &WWa LZQD;T 3< ,3 F' 9[T JF\j HO %"B[O3 BfO HO :e 8Q OXZ CZ (WFa FU\D 3e Qe5Q Wa vO [3MZj Ta WXMe5\ DQ K\ (F3F [TOeE LP %Fa Q5a [:F3F WXMe5 Wa TX OZI7H[B JFa Caj 3K\ (F3F (pMF L"2\ OXE LeXCLD :L\Q $XLD [TOeE 3< &W L][XL LP WJWa %5a Caj :L\Q 3e [JFZ [3W\ %OeH 3F De JZO [5O@BZO [3MZ 5MZj :L\Q 3e [OXZ 3OFa 3Z %DEU DEFa TZQa $HOZE $DZQB 3F 8\I :[J=W $AwEQZ LeXCLD 3e &W WZQ 16 :FTO; 3e [5O@BZO 3O [QMZ 5MZj FU\D 3Z MX 3DL %;L6ZB\ WZ[JB y%j %(=Q]3 Wa JZB8\B LP FU\D 3XBa XW A:FBZ Fa L];a 8]FZ CZ, :FBZ %: K\ LaOE WZC XGj $"B[OL 8]FZT LP LaO; Qe3[+MBZ 3Z HBZ 8Q :Z,5ZjB LeXCLD TX;D XWF 3F FaB_;T LP JF\ F' WO3ZO LP 5_XL"2\ LeXCLD :L\Q $XLD Fa %(=Q]3 Wa 3XZ [3 FU\D 3F :ZFa 3Z J&Z 3ZOA :FBZ 3e (F3Z FZ(CL\D 3OFZ OXZj TX -Wa JDQZT 8ZXBa Ca :e [T3ZWHO3 FX" J[E3 [F:\ We8 3Z FB\:Z Ca 1O :e ,3 HO7HOZTZD; WLZ: 3e JT\3ZO FX" XeBaj :L\Q Fa FU\D 3F &W %OeH 3e 4Z[O: [3MZ [3 MX LZQD;T LP EZ[L_3 8OLH"C 3< U]z%B XGj TX 3XBa XW, AF' WO3ZO (F Qe5Q Fa [LQ3O JFZ' XG :e B\F WZQ HXQa FU\D 3F WZC 4&E CajB l $:M 55_
< WZ^Z;3ZO >
)WO3ZO 3ZO`TZ' 3O OX; XG &W[Q, _bZ8ZO 3F LZLQa (:Z5O Xe OXE XW*
%, [DF _I=Z8ZO 3F LZLQa (:Z5O XeFa, W^M_ FLJ3ZO ,T" 5\BZ 3< H'Z' QZ5^ 3OFa BCZ 5e BJ3O; HO [TTZDZJHD 3ZF^F :bWa 3DLQ Wa W"6 H[OTZO 3Z WN+DZ[M3 ,:P?Z QZ5^ 3OFa 3F %OeHQ 3F 3ZOA L0M +DEU 3< [UTOZ: [W"X 8fXZF 3< WO3ZO HO WTZ[QMZ [FUZF Q5 OXE XWj Qa[3F 8fXZF WN+DZ[M3 ,:P?E 3F %OeHQ 3Z 4"?F 3OBa XW 1O 3XBa XW [3 WO3ZO 3F 3ZO`TZ' 3OFa Wa X; _I=Z8ZO 3F &BFa LZLQa (:Z5O Xe OXE XWj L]2ML"2\ [UTOZ: [W"X 8fXZF Wa %(=Q]3 3F +L]4 W"TZDDZBZ 3>LZO H"3: 3< 4]Q\ JZB8\B 3F $"U#
%, [DF L0M +DEU LP _I=Z8ZO 3F LZLQa (:Z5O XeFa Wa %H3< WO3ZO 3< 9[T E^[LQ Xe OX; XG, &W JZOE LP %H3Z 1MZ 3XFZ XG? DE[4, :J _I=Z8ZO 3e Oe3Fa 3F [Q, WO3ZO 3ZO`TZ' 3O OX; XG BJ LZLQa K\ (:Z5O XQ5aj $5O WO3ZO LfF OXB\ Be _I=Z8Z9OMQ 3< Hf JZOX XeB\j %: :J WO3ZO B;HOBZ [D4ZBa y, _I=Z8ZO 3e Oe3Fa 3F [Q, 3&Z 3DL (>Z OX; XG Be W"KT XG [3 _I=Z8Z[OMQ 3< HeQ 4]Qa5\j Qa[3F XZQ LP &F LZLQQ LP Ba:\ Wa J'eBO; y', Ma 3DL HXQa X; (>Z, :ZFa 8Z[X, Ca? JZB WX; XG, Qa[3F :J B3 >eW +LZA FX" [LQ :ZBZ BJ B3 3ZO`TZ' W"KT FX" XGj :e LZLQa Ba:\ Wa (:Z5O Xe OXE XW (FLP Q"Ja WLM Wa ,3 +["MZ 3F BXB 3ZO`TZ' 8Q OX; C\j &W[Q, MX 3XFZ 5QB Xe5Z [3 OZ7M WO3ZO Fa 3e' >eW 3DL FX" (>ZMZj _I=Z8ZO 3e Oe3Fa 3F [Q, OZ7M WO3ZO 1MZ 3DL (>Z OX; XG? WO3ZO; JBO HO :e K\ Xe W3BZ XG, WO3ZO (W3F [Q, H^O; B;HO XGj 3R) 1O OZ7M WO3ZO 3< 3' Me:FZ0" 3< WO3ZO LgF\=[O75 3O OX; XG 1O &W3F ,3-,3 HbWa 3F WX; (HMe5 3F [Q, >eW
3DL (>Z OX; XGj :XN B3 _I=Z8ZO Oe3Fa 3Z WTZQ XG Be XL '-5TFSW HO :eO DE OXE XWj [3W\ J3<L 3F [XB$ZX; 3F 4ZBQ LP W\E\ EFOZ[U Ka:\ :Z, BZ[3 _I=Z8ZO 3< 5]":Z&U X; F Xej WZC X; WZC WO3ZO MZOZ 5[>B [F5OZF\ W[L[B K\ H^O; BOX Wa B;HO XG [3 _I=Z8ZO 3e Oe3Z :Z W3Fj Qe3HZQ [TEaM3 3F JZOE LP 1MZ OZM XG? ,3 L:J^B Qe3HZQ %FZ 8Z[X, BZ[3 _I=Z8ZO HO $"3>U Q5ZMZ :Z W3Fj %: 3FTQ L0M +DEU X; FX" J[E3 H^OE DEU LP _I=Z8ZO 3e Qa3O ,3 JXW W\ 8Q OX; XG 1O LV LZFBZ $ [3 &W3e Oe3Fa 3F [Q, 3&Z 3DL (>ZMZ :Z, BK\ :Z3O &W WLJMZ Wa [F:ZB [LQ W3B\ XGj 3K\ %H3< 6eO [TOeE\ OX; OZ7M 3< H^T_ L]2ML"2\ OX; (LZ KZOB\ 3F [Q, %HFa (_O +DEU 3F [TEZFWKZ 8]FZT LP :Z3O Te= LN5Z, 3e' 4ZW T:X?
DE4Ba XW? J\Ba TVU LP [T3ZW 3< [DUZ LP 3ZI< 3ZL y% XGj WZQ 2003 LP OZ7M 3< [T3ZW DO 0.67 +[BUB C\ :e WZQ 2009 LP J'3O 8.67 +[BUB Xe 5'j XLZOE [Q, MX 5T_ 3< JZB XG [3 [H9Qa B\F TVU LP [T3ZW 3< DO 9 +[BUB Wa $[E3 OX; XGj [T3ZW 3< XLZO; $TEZOAZ WLZ: 1O WO3ZO 3< WXKZ[5BZ HO %EZ[OB XGj &W[Q, +DEU 3Z UZWF+UZWF %L %DL\ 3< 4]UXZQ\ 1O +5[B 3F [Q, +[BJJ XGj XLFa +DEU 3< [T3ZW MZ2Z LP WLZ: 3F WK\ T5U 3e UZ[LQ [3MZ XGj Qa[3F OZ7M LP [J:Q\ 3< WLJMZ [8"BZ:F3 XG, &W3F JZOE LP %H 1MZ 3XQ5a? [J:Q\ 3Z (;HZDF $3FQa +DEU WO3ZO 3F XZC LP FX" XGj 3R) WO3ZO 3Z H^OZ WXMe5 FX" [LQFZ [J:Q\ 3F (;HZDF LP $TOeE HbDZ 3OBZ XGj LaOZ LZFFZ XG [3 [T3ZW 3F 3ZLQ LP OZ:F\[B FX" XeF\ 8Z[X,j
[J:Q\ 3Z (;HZDF $3FQa +DEU WO3ZO 3F XZC LP FX XGj 3R) WO3ZO 3Z H^OZ WXMe5 FX [LQFZ [J:Q\ 3F (;HZDF LP $TOeE HbDZ 3OBZ XGj LaOZ LZFFZ XG :3 [T3ZW 3F 3ZL3 LP OZ:F\[B FX XeF\ 8Z[X,j -WZ FX" XG [3 (LZ :\ XLZO; [TOeE\ OX;" 1O XL (LZ :\ 3Fj (LZ :\ (_O +DEU LP XLZO; HZ=@ Wa [TEZFWKZ 8]FZT Q& OX; XW 1O XL (F3F [Q, Te= LN5 OXE XWj 1MZ %H +EZFL"2\ HD 3F (CL\DTZO XW? FX", KZ:HZ LP L];Wa 3ZI< 3Z[JQ 1O $59E FaBZ XWj LaOZ 3ZL L0M +DEU 3Z [T3ZW 3OFZ XGj OZI7;M OZ:F\[B LP %Fa 3< 3e' &59Z FX" XGj +DEU 3F [T3ZW 3e %H [3W F:[OMa Wa 12 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
OZ7M 3F H^T_ L]2ML"2\ [D[3T:M [W"X +DEU 3F [H9&EHF 3F [Q, %H3e [:CLaTZO >XOZBa XW, &W HO %H3Z 1MZ 3XFZ XG? [D[3T:M [W"X 3< [TFTWF\MBZ 4;L Xe 8]3< XGj (F3< JZBQ 3Z 3e' LX;T FX" OXZ XGj :J TX OZ7M 3F L]2ML"2\ Ca BJ OZ7M [:BFZ [H9&Z CZ, $J FX" XGj (F3< JZBQ 3Z XLZOE [Q, 3e' LX;T FX" XGj J3AQQ LP W^M_ FLJ3ZO, 9Z2Q 3e 5\BZ H'ZFa 3e [X7w;T OZ:F\[B 3e J'ZTZ DEFZ 1O [U^Z 3Z
QZ?Q\ QiL\, 3>MZDZF, (VZ [3OA, +[BKZ [3OA, 5NT 3< Ja=;, :FF\ W]O^Z :bW\ Me:FZ0" 3F LZ0ML Wa L0M +DEU LP L9XQZ WU1B\3OA 3F W"3EH 3e H^OZ [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj K5TZ3OA JBZ3O %Qe8FZ Xe OX; XG? &W3F H\9E 3e' OZ:F\[B3 T:X FX" XGj XL Be W[DMQ Wa 8Q\ % OX; W"J3D[B Wa %: 3< M]TZ H\'; 3e :Z5|3 3O OXE XWj W^M_ FLJ3ZO 1O 5\BZ 3Z HZ> 3e' $[FTZM_ [TVM 3< BOX FX" XGj Qa[3F XLZOE &W $[KMZF 3e H^O; BOX Wa WIQBZ [LQ OX; XGj $5O XLZOE $[KMZF Wa Qe5 8]JB-wzJB Xe OXE XW Be &WLP KQZ [3W\ 3e 1MZ %H[_ Xe W3B\ XGj XLZOE L][JQL KZ' K\ &W3Z WLC_F 3O OXE XWj OZ7M LP %HFa 5ZM 3< BJ3O; Oe3Fa 3F [Q, :e 3ZF^F JFZMZ XG (Wa DLF3ZO; 3ZF^F 3XZ :Z OXZ XGj &W HO %H 1MZ 3XQ5a? XLFa 3e' DLF3ZO; 3ZF^F FX" JFZMZ XGj 5eXLZO; LZBZ XG 1O XLZO; LZBZ 3< X;MZ 3e 9X7v W"J3D[B LP JDOFB FX" [3MZ :Z,5Zj :e Qe5 &W 3ZF^F 3e DLF3ZO; 3XBa XW Ta [JE3>Q X; 5QB XWj OZ7M WO3ZO Fa 3D[V 3H[JFa= 3< JCZHFZ 3< XG, &W3Z +L]4 (KEFM 1MZ XG? 3D[V 3H[JFa= 3< JCZHFZ Wa [3WZF 3R[)B F\[BMN JFZFa 1O (F3F ["MZ>TMF LP 5[B %' XGj &W WZQ $Q5 Wa 3D[V J:= +JB]B 3OFa 3Z [BXZ[W3 3DL K\ (>ZMZ :Z OXZ XGj IQ 1O W[A:MQ 3< IWQ $J L"?; Wa JZXO +[BMe5\ DOQ HO Ja8Fa 3< $F]L[B D; 5' XGj 3D[V 3F LU\F\3OA, (LZ[F3<, HU] HZQF, L9Q\ HZQF BCZ $>M W"J"[EB 5[B[T[EMQ 3e J'ZTZ [DMZ 5MZ XGj XLZO; +ZC[L3BZ XG [3 +DEU 3F [3WZF Me:FZ0" Wa QZKZ[>TB XQ 1O (F3Z [T3ZW Xej OZ7M WO3ZO 3< 3' 8[8_B Me:FZ0" HO vWOE OZ7M K\ &W HO $LQ 3OBa y, [D4Z' H& OXE XWj 1MZ &F Me:FZ0" 3Z QZK TZJB[T3 Qe53 3e [LQ OXZ XG? [JE3>Q [LQ OXZ XG BK\ Be WIQ Xe OX; XWj WO3ZO LZBZ0", JXFQ 1O Ja[=MQ 3F WZLZ[:3 1O %[C_3 JBO LP 5]AZ;L3 W]EZO 3F [Q, +[BJG XGj JZ[Q3Z0" 3F W"O^A 1O WCLZF BCZ [Q"5 $F]HZB 3F W"B]QF 3e JFZMa O4Fa 3F [Q, Ja=; J8Z0 $[KMZF U]| [3MZ 5MZ XGj &W HXQ 3e +DEU KO LP GMZH3 WLC_F [LQ OXZ XGj QZ?Q\ QiL\, 3>MZDZF, (VZ [3OA, +[BKZ [3OA, 5NT 3< Ja=;, :FF\ W]O^Z %[D Me:FZ0" 3F LZ0ML Wa L[XQZ WU1B\3OA 3F W"3EH 3e H^OZ [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj &W3F $QZTZ H"8ZMBQ 3e WU1B 3OFa 3F [Q, H"8 HOLaFTO :bW\ Me:FZ,7 K\ JaXD 3ZO5O OX; XWj l
9ZMZ# [:BP) 5]?BZ
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 13
< +BZ&FZ >
3ZF^F 3F )HO WaFZ 3Z J3AQ 3R);M O^Z L"2\ ,7=eF\ 3< DE4OE4 LP Xe5\ :N8
Wa
FZ 3F WXMe5 Wa 8QFa TZQa :MH]O 3F %L? H[AQ3 J3AQ LP [TTZ[DB MfF (;H\&F LZLQa 3< :N8 $J 3R);M O^Z L"2\ ,.3F. ,7=eF\ 1O OZ:JCZF OZ7M L[XQZ %Me5 3F DZMOE LP Xe5\j +BZ&FZ 3Z MX LZLQZ WaFZ WL[C_B W"JCZFQ LP $HZOD[U_BZ Be (:Z5O 3OBZ X; XG WZC X; MX JZB K\ (KO 3O WZLFa %B\ XG [3 [3W +3ZO WaFZ WL[C_B W"JCZFQ LP LFLZFa @75 Wa 3ZL 8Q OXZ XG :XN WTT~ >MZMZQM 3F 3ZF^F 3e K\ EBZ JBZMZ :Z OXZ XGj J3AQ 3F [+"W\HQ OZ:\T 3>LZO [W"X HO XJB3QZ 3< [U[^3Z L"5QZ Kh Fa H][QW LP MfF (;H\&F 3< +ZC[L3< D:_ 3OZ' C\j LZLQa LP [+"W\HQ 3e [5O@BZO; 3F JZT:^D, [:W3F JZD TX :LZFB HO XW, [FQ"[JB FX" [3MZ 5MZj [FMLZF]WZO $[$L :N8 B3 Be [+"W\HQ 3e [FQ"[JB :3MZ :ZFZ 8Z[X,j MX; T:X XG [3 $J :N8 3R);M O^Z L"2\ 3< [F5OZF\ LP Xe5\j 5fOBQJ XG [3 LZ3HZ FaBZ J_"DZ 3OZB 3< $0M^BZ LP L[XQZ W"5>F 3R);M O^Z L"2\ ,.3F. ,7=eF\ Wa [LQa Caj LZLQa HO W"eZF QaBa y, ,.3F. ,7=eF\ Fa &W3< :N8 3F %DEU [D,j [+"W\HQ 3Z [FQ"JF &W[Q, K\ :|O; XG [3 TX $HFa HD 3F +KZT 3Z +Me5 3O 5TZXQ 3e +KZ[TB F 3O W3Rj L"5QZ Kh 3Z 3XFZ XG [3 J3AQ LP OZ:\T 3>LZO [W"X 3F %B"[3B LZXfQ Wa WK\ WXLa y, XWj 5TZXQ 3e ?OZMZ :Z OXZ XGj L"5QZ 3F H^ LP WZLFa %' J3AQ 3< 8B]C_ 3aA\ 3L_8ZO; L\FZ 3e Ff3O; Wa [F3ZQ [DMZ 5MZj TX JBZB\ XW [3 TX :J K\ [+"W\HQ 3F 3LOE LP 8ZM DEFa :ZB\ Be TX 3H H3&Ba y, (F3Z XZC DJZ DEBaj L"5QZ 3Z XfWQZ DE4 L\FZ K\ (F3F WZC (F3< Q&Z' LP UZ[LQ Xe 5x [:W3Z FB\:Z MX OXZ [3 (>XQ Ff3O; Wa [F3ZQ [DMZ 5MZj TX 3XB\ XG" [3 (F3F H[B K\ (W\ J3AQ LP 8B]C_ 3aA\ 3L_8ZO; XW [:>XQ EL3ZMZ :Z OXZ XGj
%L? H[AQ3 J3AQ :MH]O 3F [+"W\HQ OZ:\T 3>LZO [W"X F\8a ,7=eF\ 3Z :N8 %DEU H2
&W LZLQa LP :N8 3F [Q, 5[>B [TKZ5\M 3La=; X; WTT~ >MZMZQM 3F [TUZ4Z [DUZ-[FDNUQ 3Z (EQ"6F C\j [FMLZF]WZO 3La=; LP B\WO; [FIH^ HZ=@ 3F BfO HO [3W\ JZXO; JTM"WaT\ W"JCZ Wa ,3 +[B[F[E XeFZ 8Z[X, CZ Qa[3F (1B If:\ J3AQ LP B\WO; HZ=@ 3F BfO HO (W\ J3AQ 3F 9Z2 3< LN 3e UZ[LQ [3MZ 5MZj OZ:JCZF OZ7M L[XQZ %Me5 Fa &W JZB HO J3AQ 3e WLF Ka: BQJ [3MZj J3AQ +J"EF 3Z 3XFZ XG [3 WK\ %L? J3AQQ LP -Wa LZLQQ 3< W]FTZ' (F3F $HFa [FMLQ 3F BXB XeB\ XGj %Me5 3< $0M^ +e. QZ? 3>LZO; :bF 3XB\ XW [3 &W JZOE LP OZI7H[B 3e [Q4Z 5MZ XG [3 %L? J3AQQ LP MfF (;H\&F 3< W]FTZ' [TUZ4Z [DUZ[FDNUQ 3F $F]WZO FX" Xe OX;j LZLQa LP Be :N8 3F WLM $F][8B BfO HO [+"W\HQ JTM" Lf:^D OXBa Caj L"5QZ 3XB\ XW [3 16 FT"JO 2010 3e XD (W WLM y' :J TZ[V_3e;WT 3< BbMZ[OMZ" 8Q OX; C!j L"5QZ 3ZL 14 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
4;L 3O 6O 8Q\ 5'j $5Qa [DF [+"W\HQ (F HO [8EQZ, [3 TX :ED; 1MQ 8Q\ 5&`j L"5QZ $HFZ H^ O4Fa Q5\ Be [+"W\HQ Fa (F3< 9ZB\ HO XZC O4 :eO Wa (>XQ E13Z DE 9DMZj 22 FT"JO 2010 3e L"5QZ Fa [+"W\HQ 3F [4QZI J3AQ +J"EF 3F 8aMOLbF 3e [U3ZMB 3<j (F3Z %OeH XG [3 :"Z8 3F DfOZF [+"W\HQ 3F Qe5Q Wa JZB 3< 5'j L"5QZ 3F H^EOQ 1O 8FLD;DQ 3e J]QZMZ FX" 5MZj >MZM [LQFZ Be vO L"5QZ 3e Ue-3g: Fe[=W DE [DMZ 5MZj (>XQ 3XZ 5MZ [3 (F3< $"$a:\ 3L:eO XG &W[Q, (F3< WaTZ,7 4;L 3< :ZB\ XWj L"5QZ 3Z 3XFZ XG [3 TX XJB3QZ [U^3 XG $5O (F3< $"$a:\ 3L:eO K\ XG Be 8ZO WZQ Wa (>XQ Ff3O; HO 1MQ O4Z CZj L"5QZ Fa J4OJB5\ 3e 8]FfB\ DEBa y, vWO; :N8 3< LN5 3<j (F3< LN5 C\ [3 :N8 =;L LP ,3 L[XQZ Xe 1O [+"W\HQ Lf:^D F XQj ,3 9Z2 3< LN LZE]O; 3e UZ[LQ Be [3MZ 5MZ Qa[3F TX ,3 X; [DF %&c j [+"W\HQ :N8 LP Jb>E OXEj L"5QZ 3F H[B HTF Kh 3XBa XW AXLP HBZ CZ [3 :N8 JaFB\:Z OXE5\, XLFa ,I%'%O 3OTZF\ 8ZX;j L[XQZ W"5>FQ 3F DJZT LP H][QW Fa 5 $+bQ 2011 3e EZOZ 323, 354 1O 504 3F BXB LZLQZ D:_ [3MZj H")X FT"JO 2011 3e $DZQB LP 8ZQZF HaU [3MZ 5MZ Qa[3F [+"W\HQ Fa 6O Jb>E :LZFB Qa Q\jB &W JZOE LP WaFZ 3< 0O Wa Qa[@=FP= 3F_Q ,W.?;. 5eJTZL\ Fa 3XZ A&W LZLQa LP XL B\F DIZ [+"W\HQ 3F [4QZI :N8 3O 8]3F XW, XLZO; :N8 LP TX [FDTV XW 1O LZLQZ $K\ $DZQB LP XGjB l LF\VZ KEQZ
< B\4a JeQ >
:\ HO +EZFL"2\ Be 3
:FBZ HZ=@ 3F $0M^ W] 7:MLh JTZL\ [TTZDZJHD TF LbF %L? MZF\ ,3Q GM[1B WaFZ 3< BOX 3ZL 3OBa XWj XZQ 3F 2:\ 6e=ZQa LP %J"9=B WK\ 122 QZ&WPW OK 3OTZ 3O JTZL\ ,3 JZO [IO 8[8_B Xe 5, XWj 5_XL"2\ H\. [8D7JOL 3e 2:\ %OeHQ Wa JO; 3OFa TZQa [F8Q\ $DZQB 3F IHWQa 3F [4QZI W]+\L 3e=`
LP $H\Q DZMO 3OFa 3< H^T_ W"0MZ (22 IOTO;) HO %(=Q]3 3e J&E X; [TFTZW 3F WZC JTZL\ JBZBa XW [3 [8D7JOL 3e :aQ :ZFZ X; Xe5Zj &W3F $QZTZ TX 3N$aW $0M^ We[FMZ 5NE\ HO K\ [FUZFZ WZEBa XWj W]'U:MLh JTZL\ Wa %(=Q]3 3F +L]4 W"TZDDZBZ 3>LZO H"3: Fa JZB8\B 3<j HaU XG" $"U# 16 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
2:\ 6e=ZQa LP 5_XL" \ H\. [8D7JOL 3e 6W\=Fa 3< %H3< Me:FZ H^O; BOX 3ZO5O 1M3 FX Xe HZ'? LV ,3 IHWQa Wa [FOZU XeFa TZQZ FX $j L];a W]+\L 3e=` HO H^OZ KOeWZ XG M3[3 %MZDZBO LaO; :\B W]+\L 3e=` LP X; XeB\ XGj &W LZLQa 3e K\ LV W]+\L 3e=` Qa :Z)75Z 1O L];a H^O; (+L\D XG
LfF -B
3e X; 3W^OTZO FX" >XOZMZ :Z W3BZ XGj &WLP Be [8D7JOL 3e K\ :aQ :ZFZ Xe5Zj +EZFL"2\ ?Z. LFLeXF [W"X HO K\ %H 1MQ %^aH 3OBa XW? +EZFL"2\ 3e L^3DU_3 FX" XeFZ 8Z[X,j [:W BOX Wa 2:\ y% XG, -WZ FX" XG [3 TX (F3< :ZF3ZO; LP FX" CZj +EZFL"2\ 3e $HFZ LfF -B Be&FZ 8Z[X,j %H 3N$aW $0M^ We[FMZ 5NE\ Wa Qa3O (F3F DZLZD OZJ=` T@EOZ HO K\ %OeH L'Ba XW 3e' 4ZW T:X? T:X 1MZ Xe5\j :e 5QB Xe OXZ XG (W3F H\9E [3W\ +3ZO 3< T:X FX" H^9; :ZF\ 8Z[X,j We[FMZ 5NE\ HO LaOE %OeH [JE3>Q WX; XWj JeIeW_ LZLQa LP W\J\%' 3e LVFa :e DJBZTa: [D, XW (F HO 3ZO`TZ' 1MQ FX" Xe OX; XGj :XN B3 OZJ=` T@EOZ 3Z WTZQ XG Be 3gLFTaEC LZLQa LP (F3< K^[L3Z 3< :N8 XeF\ 8Z[X,j (F3< 3' 38H[FMQ 3e WO3ZO Fa IZMDZ H#8ZMZ XGj &W LZLQa 3e K\ LV $DZQB LP Qa :Z)75Zj LaOE HZW H13Z WJ^B XGj %H 3N$aW FaBZ0" 3F H\9E [:W BOX Wa H&E y, XW, (W BOX Wa %H KZ:HZ MZ (F3F WXMe[5MQ 3F H\9E 1MQ FX" H&Ba? WO3ZO $HFa )HO 3FW Be ?ZQa5\ FX" &W[Q, LV WO3ZO 3< HeQ 4eQ OXZ $j L];a W\J\%' 3Z [FDEU3 JFZ [DMZ :Z,, LV WK\ WO3ZOQ, 8ZXE TX 3N$aW 3< Xe MZ KZ:HZ 3<, WJ3F [4QZI 3ZO`TZ' 3|75Zj XL WO3ZO 3e =G1W DEBa XW 1O WO3ZO XLZOE X; HbWa 3Z wzHMe5
[JE3>Q XWj JT. OZ:\T 5NE\ XLZOE KZ' :bWa Caj (FWa LVFa :e 3XZ, TX (>XQFa [3MZj $J K\ 3' [L2 XWj FZL FX" QaFZ 8Z$5Zj _I=Z8ZO 3e Qa3O $:AZ X:ZOE 1O JTZL\ OZLDET 3Z %"DeQF %H3F %"DeQF Wa 7MZDZ Qe3[+M XGj %H3< L][XL 3e :FWLC_F FX" [LQ OXZ XG, 1MZ T:X XG? 3fF 3X OXZ XG [3 :FWLC_F FX" [LQ OXZ XGj XLZO; OG[QMQ LP :FBZ 3< K\& DE[4,, Qe5Q 3Z :e WLC_F [LQ OXZ XG (Wa 3HWa F3ZOZ :Z W3BZ XGj XLZOZ $[KMZF H^O; BOX Wa WIQ XGj XL [:W BOX Wa Q&Z' Q& OXE XW TX [JE3>Q X; $Q5 XGj Be 1MZ %H3Z %"DeQF $:AZ X:ZOE 1O JTZL\ OZLDET 3F %"DeQF Wa $Q5 XG? [JE3>Q X; $Q5 XGj $:AZ X:ZOE 3Z %"DeQF FMZ 3ZF^F JFZFa 3F [Q, Xe OXZ XGj JTZL\ OZLDET 3Z %"DeQF Qe5Q LP 8aBFZ :5ZFa 3F [Q, Xe OXZ XG 1O LaOZ %"DeQF >MZMGMTJCZ 3F [XWZJ Wa Qe5Q 3e D7[?B 3OFa 3F [Q, Xe OXZ XGj LV FMZ 3ZF^F QZFa 3F [4QZI FX" $j Qa[3F :e 3ZF^F XG (W 3F %EZO HO K\ Qe5Q 3e D7[?B [3MZ :Z W3BZ XGj 3ZQa EF 3F JZOE LP %H3< 1MZ OZM XG? 3ZQZ EF ,3 J&; WLJMZ XGj JTZL\ OZLDET Q5ZBZO &W L]KE 3e (>Z OXE XW 1O LV K\ &W L]KE HO 3ZL 3O OXZ $j XTZQZ 3F :[OMa M^H\, WO3ZO 3F 3' L"[2MQ 3Z HbWZ [JTW JV3Q LP :LZ XGj 3ZQa EF 3e TZHW QZFa 3F [Q, $5O XLP $DZQB Qa=O Og[5=O; ([TDEU\ $DZQBQ LP [3W\
:J 3e=` Fa WK\ QZKZ[>TB 38H[FM3 3F QZ&WPW OK 3O [D, Be [WIa OZ:Z X; :aQ LP 1M3 [8D7JOL 3e K\ :aQ :ZFZ Xe5Zj
9ZMZ# [:BP) 5]?BZ
[3 XLZOE H^ LP X; IHWQZ Xe5Zj MX JZB &BFa DZTa 3F WZC 3HWa 3X OXE XW? DZTZ &W[Q, 3O OXZ $ [3 LaOE HZW WJ^B XWj :e IHWQZ %MZ XG (WLP K\ 70 LP Wa 60 HbOZ$ZI LP Be LaO; JZB 3< X; H][I= XGj :J 3e=` Fa WK\ QZKZ[>TB 38H[FMQ 3F QZ&WPW OK 3O [D, Be De[VMQ 3e K\ Be W:Z [LQF\ 8Z[X,j [WIa OZ:Z
3O OX; XGj &W[Q, LV WO3ZO 3F H\9E H&Z $j MX ,3 [WGNB 3< JZB K\ XG [3 [TH^ LP OXBa y, W_Z 3< HeQ 4eQFZ 7MZDZ %F"DDZM3 XeBZ XGj Be 1MZ LZFZ :Z, [3 %H KZ:HZ 3F 7MZDZ 3O;J\ XW? LV KZ:HZ 3Z 3O;J\ FX" $ Qa[3F OZI7;M JTM"WaT3 W"6 Wa LaOZ FZBZ OXZ XGj LV H]OZFZ :FW"6\ $ 1O 3K\ KZ:HZ LP [TQM 3F H^ LP FX" CZj :J TX JF\ Be LVFa We8Z [3 MX 1MZ y%j %: LV L^Q :FBZ HZ=@ 3e 8QZ OXZ $ 1O LaOE WZC Qe5Q 3F :]&Fa 3Z [WQ[WQZ :ZO; XGj KZ:HZ LP K\ LaOE 3' 6[Fd [L2 XWj LaOZ ,:P?Z [X>w;T 3F H]Fz;CZF 3Z XGj $5O &W HO 3e' 3ZL 3OE5Z Be LV (W3F WZC $j 1MZ 3N$aW LP K\ %H3F [L2 XW? ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 17
LZLQa 3< 3ZF^F\ WXZMBZ HZFa 3F [Q, JCZF\M $DZQB Wa Q\ 5' $F]L[B) DE DE Be XL $HFa 48M HO :Z3O (F Qe5QE 3< W^8\ Qa %,7 [:F3Z HbWZ [JTW JV3Q LP :LZ XGj %H3Z FMZ Le8O ,1UF 3La=; $5PJ= 3O?UF &F &7[?MZ (,W\,W\%') 3J B3 O75 QZ,5Z? XL Q5ZBZO 3ZL 3O OXE XW H[OAZL K\ :ED X; %H3F WZLFa Xe5Zj %H &Qa17g[F3 Te[=75 LU\F 3Z [TOeE 3O OXE XW, &W3< T:X? DE[4, &Qa17g[F3 Te[=75 LU\F Wa [TFTWF\MBZ 4;L Xe :ZB\ XGj &WLP ENEQ\ 3< H^O; W"KZTFZ XGj &W[Q, K\ LV 3e' 8]FZT FX" Q&BZ [3 &W HO L];a KOeWZ FX" XGj l
< 88O LP >
JTZL\ W"3= 3F MZ WLZEZF 3F
WO3ZO 3< L]W\JB JFa JTZL\ _>Z8ZO 3F [4QZI Q5ZBZO 3ZF^F\ Q&Z' Q& OXE XW W]F\B $Oe Z
$
HFa 3J9O$O 3F WJWa GMJB W?BZX 3F [DFQ LP W]'U:MLh JTZL\ O[TTZO 5 IOTO; 3e L]"J' 3< ,3 :FWKZ 3< 0O Ba:\ Wa J'E :Z OXE Caj ,3 $"EaOE WKZ5ZO LP (>XQFa 5"K\O 3eBZ0" 3F WL^ MX WZ[JB 3OFa 3F [Q, KZOB\M &[BXZW 3Z JZO;3< Wa TA_F [3MZ [3 AKZOB\M HO7HOZ,7 1O HfOZ[A3 L^EMB _I= 3ZO5]:Z[OMQ 3Z WLC_F FX" 3OBaj $HFa 6"=E KO 3F GMZ2MZF LP :FBZ HZ=@ 3F $0M^ Fa Q5ZBZO FZOEJZ:\ AT"DE LZBOLB 1O AKZOB LZBZ 3< :MB 3F 55FKaD; (DK6eV 3F J\8 :JODJB WOZXFZ J=eO;j &W3F $QZTZ :J (>XQFa $HFa [8O-H[O[8B $"DZ: LP FaX|-5NE\ H[OTZO HO 3=Z^ [3MZ Be Qe5Q 3< DJ\ X7W\ DEO B3 5^":B\ OX;j W]8aBZ DQZQ 3F LF\QZ&I IZ(7?EUF MZOZ %Me[:B MX GMZ2MZF 2:\ 6e=ZQa HO 3R[)B W]+\L 3e=` 3F XZ[QMZ IHWQa 3F [F[XBZCU Wa W"J"[EB CZj XZQN[3 TXN WK\ Qe5 [T_\M WZ^OBZ HO GMZ2MZF W]FFa 3F [Q, H#8a Ca, Qa[3F %H3e MX LZFFa 3F [Q, LZI [3MZ :Z,5Z [3 3>Q 3>9E3 Wf Lf:^D 3eBZ ([:FLP 7MZDZBO L0M T5_ 1O (~ L0M T5_ 3F Qe5 Ca) D[^AH"C\ [T8ZOEZOZ 3F XQ5aj W"Me5TU, &FLP Wa $[E3BO Qe5 $:AZ X:ZOE 3F %"DeQF Wa :]&E Ca [:WLP K\ _I=Z8ZO [TOeE\ :eU BCZ 9X7vTZD; +B\3QFb[B3BZ 3Z ,3-vWOE LP 6ZQLaQ Xe 5MZj JTZL\ $HFa 3DLQ Wa MX; :FZEZO FZH OXE XWj (>XQFa KZOB LP _I=Z8ZO-[TOeE\ Q&Z' Q& OX; B\F BOX 3< U[1BMQ 3< HX8ZF JBZ'# ,3, (F3F :bWZ JTB"2 1O +[BJJ FZ5[O3, vWOZ X:ZOE %"DeQF 1O B\WOZ JZJZ OZLDET, [:>XQ TX 5O;JQ 1O [H9&Q 3Z FaBZ LZFBa XWj vWOE DfO 3< TZXTZX; 1O FZOEJZ:\ 3F J\8 (>XQFa 3XZ, A3EHFZ 3OQ [3 M[D Ma B\FQ U[1BMN ,3 WZC Xe
JTZL\ Wa :]&E 3>9 Oe83 B<M '#$ JTZL\ WP= J=;I8W Wa [WIa &W[Q, FX" H'E 1MQ[3 (>XQ TXN 4]D 3F [TDEU\ XeFa :bWZ $XWZW XeBZ CZj '$" FeJaQ
FaB_;T LP $C_UZJ2 LP H\. ,8?; 3<j '$' $L;M_ WaF Fa (>XQ [DEQ\ J3AQ 2I &3eFZ[L1W H]OJ3ZO [T:aBZ (?;,W') Wa :]&Fa [WLeF 3>:Fa=KW 3F 3Z >MeBZ [DMZ
Qa[3F (F3F JZ:ZO WLC_3 F:[OMa 3F 3ZOA (>XQ MX HaU3U 8\F\ KZVZ [TKZ5 3F H^A_3Z[Q3 +eIFWO HD 3F J:ZM O;?O 5' C\j HD 3F [Q, X; 3< '% J:= HO 18 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
W"WD LP 8Q OX; JXW 3F DfOZF &7[DOZ 5NE\ Fa (>XQ A$TZJB[T3 [T8ZOQ TZQZ WNBZ 1Qg:B 3X3O W"Je[EB [3MZ CZ 1MQ[3 (>XQFa 10
I<WD; [T3ZW DO, 3D[V [FMOB 1O J&E O^Z J:= 3e W"KT JBZMZ CZj '% JTZL\ 1O (F3< H;F\ Og1WFZ 3HZ[?MZ 3e %'%'=; Wa
:Z,7 Be 1MZ XejB GM"3M JZAQ 3Z DfO 8QBZ OXZj :M6eV 3F UeO 3F J\8 X; (>XQFa 3XZ, ALVFa :J 2:\ $[KMZF U]| [3MZ CZ Be Qe5 3XBa Ca [3 3e' FB\:Z FX" [F3Qa5Zj Qa[3F OZ:Z :aQ 5,, 3[FLfQ\ :aQ 5&c, [8D7JOL J8 5, (BZ[QMQ 3< 5&5&ZX=)j DO$WQ, [3W\ Fa L];a 3XZ [3 9ZMZ# [:BP) 5]?BZ
[T:M 8f3 HO W&3 HZO 3OBa W] 7:MLh JTZL\
J4OJB 3O [DMZ 5MZj MX L]3DLZ (>XQFa 1991 LP :\BZj '%# %HZB3ZQ 3F DfOZF [W4 3Z KaV JFZ3O 8a>F' 1O 3\Q"3Z XeBa
y, $La[O3Z KZ5 5,j XZT_?` [TFT-
[BXZ& 3F :aQ $E\^3 Fa &W 6=FZ 3F ,3 [DF JZD X; [U3ZMB 3< C\ [3 JTZL\ (F3F [Q, L]W\JBP 4&; 3O OXE XW, LVFa H^9Z [3 1MQ Be :aQO 3Z 3XFZ CZ [3 (F3F JZT8? 3< L][F3QP J' 5' XWj JZT8? Fa 3XZ [3 JTZL\ [WIa L)Z[WMQ 3e [BXZ& Ka: OXE XW 1O Ta WK\ 3HD; L];Wa LWZQZ ?eWZ BCZ &W\ BOX 3F GM":FQ 3< LN5 3OBa OXBa XWj BJ LVFa 3XZ [3 ,3 &BZQT\ 3F TXN H#8Fa B3 W' 3O QejB XZT_?` Wa H'E-[Q4a 1O $C_UZJ2\ Wa OZ:F\[Be JFa JTZL\ (W [JEQ\ 3< BOX Q5 OXE Ca :e @EO WZO; JTZ[DI= LQZ' 8= 3O 5' XGj TX XLaUZ =;T\ HO OXBa XW Qa[3F $HFa 50,000 Wa $[E3 WLC_3Q 3e =KT\= 3OFZ FX" K^QBaj JTZKZ[T3 K\ XGj JTZL\ Fa 2:\ 6e=ZQZ LZLQa 3F 3ZF^F\ $[KMZF LP $XL K^[L3Z [FKZ' XGj (>XE" De LZLQQ LP :\B [LQ\- WO3ZO; Ff3OUZXQ 3F [4QZI $[KMe:F 3e L":^O; 3< WLM-W\LZ [FEO[OB 3< 5' 1O 122 =EQ\3gL 38H[FMQ 3F QZ&WPW OK [3, :ZFa 3Z IHWQZ %MZj ,3 X; LZLQa LP TX XZOE, TX CZ [8D7JOL 3e WX%OeH\ JFZFa 3Z L]3DLZ, Qa[3F (>XQFa &W IHWQa 3e WTe_55Z $DZQB LP 8]FfB\ D; XGj &W3F WZC X; TX OZ:F\[B3 3DL K\ J'Z OXE XWj B\F JZO WNWD OXE 72 TV?M JTZL\ Fa 4 IOTO; 3e OZI7;M JTM"WaT3 W"6 3F H^T_ [T8ZO3 3F. ,F. 5e[T"DZ8ZM_ 1O ,W. 5]zL^[B_ 3F WZC [LQ3O ,3 FMZ Le8O KZOB LP _I=Z8ZO 3F [4QZI 3ZO`TZ' W[L[B (,1UF 3La=; $5PJ= 3O?UF &F &7[?MZ) ,W\,W\%' 5[>B 3OFa 3< 6eVAZ 3<j $"D|F\ W^2Q 3Z DZTZ XG [3 MX %"DeQF JTZL\ 3F ?E' TVU 3F +MZW 3F JZD BJ U]| [3MZ 5MZ XG :J (F3F KZOB\M :FBZ HZ=@ LP UZ[LQ XeFa 3< (CL\D %[4O3ZO E^[LQ Xe 5'j &W [DUZ LP TX DEU 3F Q&Z3A [TLZF :a= IZ&=O 3F J&E WfDE :bWa LZLQQ 3< H&BZQ K\ 3O OXE XW :XN ,NW 3< 38HF\ ?EWgE= Fa $"[BL WLM LP ',?;,W 3F M^OeIZ&=O Wa MX WfDZ X[CMZ [QMZ CZj Q"DF 3F W"?E =Z&CW Fa JTZL\ 3F XTZQa Wa [Q4Z XG [3 M^OeIZ&=O Fa 10 $OJ ?gQO 3Z WfDZ [3MZ CZ Qa[3F $8ZF3 Wa ,NW\W\ 38HF\ Fa MX WfDZ X[CMZ [QMZj
[TLZQM Wa +eIFWO 3F |H LP :]&Ej '%% Qe3WKZ 3F [Q, 8]Fa 5,j LeOZO:\ DEWZ' Fa (F3Z FZL [T_ L"2\ 3F |H LP W];ZMZ [:Wa $=Q
[JXZO; TZ:HaM\ Fa 4Z[O: 3O [DMZj '& DeJZOZ Qe3WKZ H#8aj ,3 WZQ JZD [BAJB LP [X7v B\C_MZ[2MQ 3F [Q, 3HQZU LZFWOeTO ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 19
%[4O; JZO 1999 LP W"WD WDJMBZ 3F JZD Q"Ja WLM Wa OZ:F\[B3 $eZBTZW LP OX OXE JTZL\ $J Qe5Q 3F W3ZOZ;L3 %3V_A 3Z L:Z Qa OXE XWj Qa[3F &WWa 1MZ TX $HFa $B\B 3F $"B[T_OeEQ Wa J8 W3Ba XW? K\& 3e K&3ZFa TZQa 1O [T0T"W3 +T_[_ TZQa 3F BfO HO 7MZDZ 8[8_B JTZL\ Fa [H9Qa TV_ X; L]"J' 3F ,3 WLZ8ZO-H2 LP K&3Z) Qa4 3F :[OMa L][JQL WL]DZM 3F [4QZI :XO (5QZ CZj $HF\ BLZL +[BKZ 3F JZT:^D JTZL\ 3< ,3 [FLOBZ 3F J:ZM [T0T"W3 3F |H LP F3ZOZ;L3 9[T X; (KZO; 5' XGj IeOL IgO &Qa1=eOQ &7=E[$=; (8]FZT\ 'LZFDZO; L"8) 8QZ OXE WaTZ[FT__ %',,W $[E3ZO; ,L. :\. DETWXZML 3XBa XW, A3e' FX" JBZ W3BZ [3 (F3Z $5QZ XLQZ 3XN Xe5Zj TX &OZDZ XLaUZ TX FX" XeBZ :e [D4BZ XGj (F3Z 3e' E]OD[^AH"C\ XGjB DETWXZML 3[CB &Qa17g[F3 Te[=75 LU\F ENEQ\ 3F [4QZI JTZL\ 3F HW"D;DZ $[KMZF HO (FWa De-De XZC 3O OXE XWj JTKZT 3< (59C"4QBZ 1O 4ZW3O 5NE\ H[OTZO (OZ:\T 5NE\ 3e 9e&3O [:>XQ TX $HFZ [L2 JBZBa XW) BCZ U\V_ 3N$aW FaBZ0" 3F [4QZI JaB]3F %OeH Q5ZFa 3< +T_[_ JTZL\ 3Z KQZ FX" 3OB\j 8fJ\W [WB"JO 2011 3F &W =KT\= 3< X; [LWZQ QP, :J We[FMZ 5NE\ [TDEU LP $HFZ &QZ: 3O Qf=; C!j 4JO %' [3 )L]3 3F FaBZ =;. %O. JZQ^ Fa (FWa L]QZ3ZB 3<j &W HO JTZL\ Fa =KT\= [3MZ #AJZQ^ 3e We[FMZ :bW\ 3e' vWO; L[XQZ [D4Z D; 5' Xe5\j JZQ^ 3e ,3 M^OeH\M Wa vWOE M^OeH\M LP KaD 3OFZ FX" %BZjB WF 1939 LP 8a>F' LP ,3 Ff3OUZX W\BZOZL W]'U:MLh 3F 6O HbDZ y, JTZL\ Fa 3R) 3< De WO3ZOQ 3e [5OZFa LP $XL K^[L3Z [FKZ' XG- 1990 LP T\. H\. [W"X 3< WO3ZO 1O 1998 LP BaOX LX;Fa 3< OZ:5 WO3ZO ([:W DfOZF (>XQFa $Qe3[+M 8ZM HZ=@ J]QZ' C\)j J\W WZQ Wa JTZL\ 3< 3>h\ ;aQ OXE OZ7MWKZ 3F WDJM L[AU"3O $DMO JBZBa XW [3 ,NW 3F $"[BL J^Je_F OZ:Z0" 3< BOX JTZL\ 3K\ F K^QBa XG F ^LZ 3OBa XWj XZT_?` LP $HFa H^T_ 9Z2 5_XL"2\ [8D7JOL Wa JTZL\ 3< $DZTB 3e X; QP :e 1990 3F DU3 3F L0M DET5f&Z WO3ZO 3F 3ZM_3ZQ LP HbDZ y'j l
3Z DQ5 [:0[H"5 3Z LZ5_ 4eQFa 3Z WIQ +MZW [3MZj & 2:\ 6e=ZQZ LZLQa LP ,. OZ:Z HO L]3DLZ 8QZFa 3< $F]L[B HZFa 3F [Q,
LFLeXF [W"X 3e H2 [Q4Fa TZQa HN8 LP Wa HXQa GM[1Bj We[FMZ 5NE\ HO L]3DLZ 8QZFa 3< $F]L[B 3F [Q, 206
H>FQ 3< MZ[83Z DZMO 3<j W]+\L 3e=` Fa 2:\ LZLQa LP H\,L0 3F [4QZI JTZL\ 3< MZ[83Z 3e L":^O; D;j
< WLZ: > (JZ,% Wa) QZE^OZL, OZL FZOZMA, LN5aQZQ, D-T\QZQ, XF]LZF TLO
:Z[B H"8ZMB3 3< HXQ =33 LP JZQ-[TTZX 3e 4;L 3OFa 3< +[BeZ
:
MH]O Wa 200 [3L\ vO =Q3 3F 5Z"T [HQZ' 3F L"[DO LP OG5O WLZ: 3< :Z[B H"8ZMB :ZO; XGj $0M^ LZ"5aQZQ $HFa WLZ: 3F Ff:TZFQ Wa $+bQ LZX LP % OX; $^M B_B\MZ HO 5Z"TQ LP BbFZB\ 3< JZB 3O OXE XW BZ[3 3e' JZQ [TTZX F Xe W3Fj 5fOBQJ XG [3 &W [DF OZ:JCZF LP J&; BZDZD LP JZQ [TTZX XeBa XWj (WWa HXQa &W :Z[B 3Z =Q3 LP WT_[TTZX WCLaQF K\ XG, [:WLP -QZF [3MZ 5MZ XG [3 3e' K\ GM[1B [TTZX 3F [Q, 18 TV_ Wa 3L Q&3< 1O 21 TV_ Wa 3L Q&3Z Qa3O FX" %,, $5O -WZ y% Be (Wa +UZWF 3F XTZQa 3O [DMZ :Z,5Zj [HQZ' LP OG5O WLZ: 3F FaBZ0" 1O Ff:TZFQ Fa 3>Q DETBZ 3F L"[DO LP +[BeZ 3< XG [3 $J Ta 5Z"T LP JZQ [TTZX FX" XeFa DQ5aj :XZ" ,3 0O X[OMZAZ 1O H[F8L\ (_O +DEU 3< :Z[B H"8ZMBP +CZ 3F FZL HO JaB]3F IOLZF DEB\ OXB\ XW TX" =Q3 3< OG5O, WbF\ 1O 5^:O WLaB 3' :Z[B H"8ZMBQ Fa JZQ [TTZX 3< 3>+CZ 3e :& Wa [L=ZFa 3Z J\&Z (>Z [LWZQ 3ZML 3< XGj MX %WZF FX" CZj JTM"WaT\ W"JCZ ALLBZB 3F [:QZ W"Me:3 LeXCLD $XLD JBZBa XW [3 J\Ba %>
TVQ` Wa W"JCZ 3F 3ZM_3BO Q5ZBZO JCZF\M WL]DZMQ 3F WZC Jb>3R 3O OXE XWj Qe5Q 3e WL;Z OXE XWj JZQ [TTZX 3F J]OE FB\:Q Wa $T5B 3OTZ OXE XWj &W3F LZMFa MX FX" XG [3 OZ:JCZF LP JZQ [TTZX 3< :&Q 3L:eO Xe OX; XW J[E3 &W3< :&Q JyB 5XO; 1O L:J^B XWj OZ:JCZF LP 20 Wa 24 TV_ 3< 57. 6 I<WD; Q&[3MN -W\ XW [:F3< UZD; 18 TV_ Wa 3L (& LP Xe 5'j KZOB LP WJWa $[E3 [JXZO LP 68.2 I<WD; JZQ [TTZX XeBa XWj vWOE F"JO HO OZ:JCZF XGj =Q3 3F WZB-%> 5Z"TQ LP 6^LFa Wa HBZ Q5Z [3 5O;J\ OE4Z Wa F\8a OX OXE Qe5Q 3e BLZL WO3ZO; Me:FZ,7 HBZ X; FX" :e (F3F WZLZ[:3-%[C_3 [T3ZW 3F [Q, JFZ' 5' XWj [HQZ' 3F H"8 DET\QZQ JBZBa XW [3 $C3 +MZW Wa OZLFZOZMA 1O QeE^OZL Fa $HF\ FZJZ[Q5 Q&[3MQ 3< UZD; Oe3< XGj OZLFZOZMA 3XBa XW, AJ&; Q&3< 3F WZC 9e=; Q&[3MN K\ [F3ZQ D; :ZB\ XW, Oe=; 3Z 48_ J8BZ XGj Q&3< [:BF\ J&; Xe5\ DXE: (BFZ 7MZDZ Xe5Zj XL L:vO Qe5 Q&3< 3e 3J B3 6O LP O4P5aj H'Z'-[Q4Z' 1MQ 3OTZ,75a (WWa Ff3O; Be [LQB\ FX"jB QeE^OZL 3XBa XW A:ED; UZD; F 3OQ Be ?O OXBZ 20 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
XG [3 Q&3< [3W\ 3F WZC KZ5 F :Z,j 3e' )78-F\8 F Xej Qa[3F, $J DeFQ 3e WL; % 5MZ XG [3 JZQ [TTZX X; (F3< 5O;J\ 3< T:X XGj J\W TV?M L":^ 3< UZD; 14 WZQ LP Xe 5' C\j TX WZB LX;Fa 3< Ja=; 3e WZW 3F HZW 9e&3O L:vO; HO :ZB\ XGj 8aXOE Wa J\LZO 1O UO;O Wa 3L:eO L":^ JBZB\ XG [3 MX (W3< vWO; Ja=; XGj (W3Z H[B WZBT! H'Z XG 1O TX B\WO; B3j L":^ JBZB\ XG [3 :ED; UZD; XeFa 3F 3ZOA H[B 3< H'Z' 9@= 5', 48M J' 5, 1O DeFQ H[B-HS\ 3e L:vO; 3OF\ H&;j TX 3XB\ XG, ALaOE H[B 3XBa XW [3 UZD; :ED; F 3< XeB\ Be %5a H' QaBZ 1O J~Q 3< [:"D5\ JFZ QaBZjB L":^ JBZB\ XG [3 (Wa F Be 6O 3Z 3ZL 3OFZ %BZ CZ F L:vO; , [:W T:X Wa WZW Wa 4^J LZO H&B\j 5Z(7&; 5Z"T 3F 5^:O WLZ: 3F OeUFQZQ 3XBa XW, AXLP WL; % 5MZ XG [3 JZQ [TTZX 3< T:X Wa 5O;J\ H\['MQ B3 OXB\ XGj 1MQ[3 UZD; 3F [Q, WZx3ZO Wa 24 I<WD; AMZ: HO (EZO QaBa XWj J58Q 3< H'Z' 9@= :ZB\ XG, 48M J' :ZBa XWj L:J^O; LP L:vO; 3OBa XWj &W[Q, 5O;J\ XLaUZ JF\ OXB\ XGj MX; FX" 1OB 3F [Q, 30-34 TV_ 3< J:ZM 15-19 TV_ LP LN JFFZ 66.6 I<WD; 7MZDZ 4BOFZ3 WZ[JB XeBZ XGj J~a K\ 3L:eO HbDZ XeBa XWjB =;T\ Fa $ZL\A :\TF HO MXZ" K\ +KZT ?ZQZ XGj WOeQ\ 5Z"T 3F WeXFQZQ 3XBa XW [3 (F3F 5NT LP 3' Q&3F -Wa XW :e H' 3O UXO 8Qa 5,, TXZ" (>XQFa $HFaa :bW\ Q&3< Wa UZD; 3O Q\ 1O [:WWa JZQ [TTZX y% CZ (Wa 5Z"T LP MZ Be LZBZ-[HBZ 3< WaTZ 3F [Q, 9e& [DMZ MZ $HFa WZC UXO TZQa 6O LP 3ZL 3OTZFa Qa 5,j 9e&E :ZFa 3< [JC[B LP vWOE H^ 3e ;5&E 3F |H LP KZO; O3L DEF\ H&B\ XGj LeXCLD $XLD JBZBa XW [3 L][F3Q Wa Ta 5NTTZ[WMQ 3e WL;Z HZ OXE XW [3 JZQ [TTZX LX75Z H&BZ XGj &W JZOE LP OZ:JCZF 3< L[XQZ ,T" JZQ [T3ZW L"2\ J\FZ 3Z3 JZB 3OFa 3e BbMZO FX"j TX 3XB\ XW [3 (>XQ (F3F 2[IW 3F :[OMa W"H3a [3MZ :Z,j :J[3 QV?QZ&F HO 3e' L"2\ LXeDMZ Wa JZB FX" 3OTZBZj $Fa3 Qe5Q BCZ JZQ [TTZX y, Q&3F-Q&[3MQ Wa JZB8\B 3F %EZO HO 3XZ :Z W3BZ XG [3 &W3F [FDZF LP :Z[B H"8ZMBQ, Ff:TZFQ 3< K^[L3Z $XL Xe W3B\ XGj Ja=; W"J"E\ Me:FZ0" 3e 5NTQ LP 'LZFDZO; Wa QZ5^ [3MZ :Z, ,T" JZQ [TTZX [FOeE3 3ZF^F W2B\ Wa QZ5^ Xej l LF\VZ K-QZ
< HeU\DZ :"5 >
OZ
:EZF\ [DEQ\ 3Z $[B W]O[^B &QZ3Z 3XE :ZFa TZQa +EZFL"2\ %TZW Wa 8"D 3DL 3< vO; HO &.Z&Q\ vBZTZW 3< 3ZO HO y, XLQa Fa %B"3 3F ,3 F, 8aXOE 3e :>L DE [DMZj 8]"J3<M (H3OA ([J=3 JL) 3< WXZMBZ Wa y, XLQa 3< 3EHFZ KZOB\M 4][IMZ ,:P[WMQ Fa K\ FX" 3< C\j XLQa LP &.Z&Q\ vBZTZW 3< L[XQZ 3L_8ZO; 3F $QZTZ B\F $>M Qe5 K\ 6ZMQ y,j %B"3 3F &W F, 8aXOE 3e DE43O XO 3e' XB+K CZj W]O^Z ,:P[WMQ 3e &W JZB 3< B[F3 K\ KF3 FX" Q5\ [3 &W BOX Wa K\ XLQZ Xe W3BZ XGj %B"3 3F &W F, 8aXOE Wa $"BOOZI7;M BFZT 3< %"8 KZOB LP DE4\ :ZFa Q5\j ,3 BOI &.Z&Q &W XLQa 3e 'OZF 3< WZ[:U JBZFa LP :]= 5MZ Be vWO; BOI 'OZF &F %OeHQ 3F 4"?F LPj 3R);M 5_XL"2\ H\. [8D7JOL XLQa 3< WZ[:U LP UZ[LQ Qe5Q 3F JZOE LP $F[KeBZ :Z[XO 3OBa XW Qa[3F MX 3XBa XW [3 MX %B"3< XLQZ XG 1O [FUZFa HO &.Z&Q\ vBZTZW CZj &.Z&Q &W XLQa 3e :g[:_MZ LP &W\ [DF &.Z&Q\ vBZTZW HO y, XLQa 3< WZ[:U Wa K\ :e& OXZ XGj :g[:_MZ LP W]O^Z ,:P[WMQ Fa &.Z&Q\ vBZTZW HO XLQa 3< WZ[:U 3e FZ3ZL 3O [DMZ CZj Qa[3F [DEQ\ LP y% XLQZ W][FMe[:B CZ 1O XLQa 3e $":ZL DEFa TZQQ 3F [FUZFa HO &.Z&Q\ vBZTZW 3F 3L_8ZO; Caj :N8 Wa :]&E ,3 $[E3ZO; 3Z 3XFZ XG [3 $K\ XLQa 3< :N8 KZOB\M ,:P[WMN 3O OX; XW Qa[3F :|OB H&\ Be [TDEU\ ,:P[WMQ 3< LDD Q\ :Z,5\j vWO; BOI &.Z&Q\ 3< 4]:IMZ ,:PW\ LeWZD 3F $[E3ZO; K\ &W 6=FZ 3< :N8 LP :]= 5, XWj &W3F [Q, &.Z&Q 3< 0O Wa 3e' %[E3Z9O3 JMZF FX" %MZ XG Qa:3F JBZMZ :Z OXZ XG :3 &.Z&Q $HFa BO;3F Wa &W LZLQa
%B"3 3Z FMZ 8aXOZ
KZOB H#8\ $"BOOZ>f\M BFZT 3< %"8
XLQa LP ^[B$JB TZXF )HO 1O F\8a &.ZMQ\ vBZTZW 3< 3L_8ZO; =ZQ MaXeU]TZ 3< :N8 LP :]=Z y% XGj &W W][FMe[:B XLQa Fa KZOB\M 4][IMZ ,:P[WMQ 3< F!D (&Z D; XGj MXN 3< W]O^Z GMTJCZ 3e Qa3O K\ WTZQ (>Fa Q5a XW [3 [DEQ\ 3F $[B W]O[^B &QZ3F LP XLQZTO XLQZ 3O3F IOZO Xe :ZBZ XG 1O ,:P[WMQ 3e (W3Z W]OZ5 FX" [LQ HZBZ XGj Qa[3F [DEQ\ 3F H][QW %M]1B J\3F 5]?BZ JBZBa XW [3 U\6h 22 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
X; De[VMQ 3e H3& [QMZ :Z,5Zj W^2Q 3F L]BZ[J3 H][QW MX HBZ Q5ZFa 3< 3e[UU 3O OX; XG [3 XLQa 3F [DF 'OZF, HZ[3JBZF 1O H[F8L\ ,[UMZ' DEUQ LP KZOB Wa :3BF\ JZBP 3< 5' XWj WZC X; KZOB LP OX OXE 'OZ[FMQ 1O QaJFZ[FMQ HO K\ F:O O4\ :Z OX; XGj &.Z&Q 3F +EZFL"2\ JP:Z[LF FaB>MZx &W3F H\9E QaJFZF\ W"5>F [X:J]EQZ 1O 'OZF 3Z XZC JBZ OXE XWj Qa[3F KZOB\M 4][IMZ ,:P[WMZ" &W JZB 3< 3X" Wa 3e' H][I= FX" 3O OX; XWj 5_XL"2\ H\. [8D7JOL 3XBa XW [3 WK\ DEUQ Wa KZOB 3F [OFBa >;3 XW &W[Q, [3W\ DEU HO U3 :Z[XO 3OFZ ([8B FX" XGj Qa[3F &.Z&Q MX LZFFa 3e BbMZO FX" XGj TX &W H^O; 6=FZ 3< :N8 LP $HF\ ,:P[WMQ HO X; KOeWZ :BZ OXZ XGj 'OZF 1O 9ZMZ# H\.=;.%'. &.Z&Q LP [J=3 JL 3Z (HMe5 %L JZB XGj Qa[3F KZOB LP &W BOX 3< HXQ\ 6=FZ Wa U3 3< W]' [TDEU\ EOB\ 3< 0O X; 6^L OX; XG, AQa:3F 3fF DEU UZ[LQ XGB MX 3X HZFZ L][F3Q XGj W\J\%' 3F H^T_ [FDEU3 :e[5>DO [W"X 3XBa XW [3 KZOB 3F 'OZF 1O &.Z&Q DeFQ Wa L:J^B [OFBa XWj 'OZF 3K\ K\ KZOB\M EOB\ HO %B"3< 3ZO`TZ' 3< Me:FZ FX" JFZ,5Zj Qa[3F ,3 U3 DEU LP OX OXE 'OZF\ UOAZ[C_MQ 3< 0O K\ 5XOZ OXZ XG [:W3e Qa3O W]O^Z ,:P[WMN WB3a XWj Og 3F H^T_ $[E3ZO; %O.3F. MZDT LZFBa XW [3 'OZF 3F $QZTZ K\ &W 6=FZ 3e :e& 3F DE4Z :ZFZ 8Z[X,j %B"3 3FTQ ,3 L]E3 3< WLJMZ FX" XGj %: MX 3' DEUQ 3< WLJMZ JF 8]3< XGj 4][IMZ W^2Q 3F L]BZ[J3 W"KT XG 'OZF 3F +[B WXZF]K^[B O4Fa TZQa [3W\ DEU 3< MX WZ[:U Xej W^2Q 3Z 3XFZ XG [3 &.Z&Q Fa HXQa X; KZOB\M 4][IMZ AM^Oe 3e W8aB 3O [DMZ CZ [3 (F3F Qe5Q 3e [FUZFZ JFZMZ :Z W3BZ XGj &W[Q, &.Z&Q Fa 12 IOTO; 2008 3e [X:J]EQZX 3F LZJ=O LZ&7? &LZD Le5[F,X 3< X;MZ 3< JOW\ 3F LKEF:O H^OE [TFT LP $HFa vBZTZWQ 3e ,Q=` 3O O4Z CZj WZC X; $HFa $[E3Z9OMQ 3e &W JZB 3F [Q, W^[8B K\ 3O O4Z CZ :3 Ta vBZTZW LP OX3O X; 3ZL 3OQj Qa[3F 'OZF &W 6=FZ 3F [Q, &.Z&Q 3e X; DeV\ >XOZ OXZ XGj 'OZF 3F OZ:F[M3Q 3Z 3XFZ XG :3 'OZF 3F HOLZA] 3ZM_"L Wa &.Z&Q 4]U FX" XG 1O KZOB\M EOB\ HO -WZ XLQZ 3OZ 3O DeFQ DEUQ 3F J\8 DOZO J'ZFa 3< 3e[UU 3< 5' XGj :e K\ Xe, %B"3 3F &W F, +Z|H 3Z $WO K[TIM LP K\ DE4Fa 3e [LQa5Z [:W3e Qa3O 4]:IMZ ,:P[WMN $J WB3a XWj l 3>LZO H"3:
< [TTZD >
L9=%OQ 3Z [U3ZO, &=Q\ Wa B3OZO
9ZMZ# H\.=;.%'.
De Ja3W^O, JaX[CMZO KZOB\M L9=%OQ 3< 5eQ\ LZO3O X;MZ
H"
)X IOTO; 3e D[^A 3FOQ 3F 3eEQL [:Qa 3F F!?3OZ L;JM J"EF 3R) Wa ,3 M"2\3DB Je= LP [F3Qa L9=%OQ 3F DQ 3F De %DL\ (:Qa[J=F (Ia TZQaF=Z&F 1O $:\V [H"3A) %Q?H]VZ [:Qa 3F $CJQH]VZ B= Wa Q5K5 14 Fg[=3Q L\Q vO 5XOE WL]Di LP LZQTZX3 :XZ: 3F W]O^Z 3[L_MQ 3< 5eQ\ 3Z [U3ZO Xe3O LZOE 5,j DQ LP 3>Q 3MZOX %DL\ Caj AWP= ,7=F\B FZL3 Je= LP (W3F LZ[Q3 ,F?; K\ Caj $F]LZF MX Q5ZMZ :ZBZ XG [3 HeB 3F W]O^Z 3[L_MQ Fa &>XQ 5QB\ Wa :QDJM] WL;3O 5eQ\ 8QZM\ C\j L9=%OQ Fa W^8FZ D; [3 )HO 3ZQa 1O F\8a QZQ O75 3F :QMZF Fa (F HO 5eQ\ 8QZ' C\j FfWaFZ 1O B= O^Z JQQ Fa :XZ: 3Z HBZ Q5ZMZ [3 MX HeB &BZQT\ :XZ: A,F[O3Z Qa1W\B XG 1O (Wa 3e[~ J"DO5ZX LP QZFa 3Z %DEU [DMZ 5MZj MX LZQTZX3 HeB [W"5ZH]O LP LZQ (BZO3O [L. :Z OXZ CZj :XZ: Fa 3e[~ J"DO5ZX LP Q"5O ?ZQZ 1O H][QW Fa :XZ: 3e [XOZWB LP Qa [QMZ 1O BK\ $&8F K\ U]| y' 1O LBKaD K\j KZOB 3F [TDEU L"2ZQM 3F +T1BZ Fa B;3ZQ &=Q\ 3F OZ:vB [:Me 3eLe WZF IF[QW 3e J]QZ3O KZOB 3< BOI Wa $W"BeV GM1B [3MZ 1O LZLQa 3< :Z"8H&BZQ LP &=Q\ 3Z H^OZ WXMe5 LZ"5Zj OZ:vB 3Z LZFFZ CZ [3 &=Q\ 3F FfWb[F3Q Fa 5eQ\ LZOFa Wa HXQa WZO; +:"MZ,7 H^O; 3< C!j (>XQFa H^OE WXMe5 3Z TZDZ 3OBa y, MX OE4Z"[3B [3MZ [3 &=Q\ 3Z :XZ: 3e[~ J"DO5ZX LP JTa59Z Wa %MZ CZj O^Z L"2\ ,.3F. ,7=F\ Fa 6=FZ 3e 5"K\O ,T" wKO3MH^A_ JBZMZ 1O 3XZ [3 3ZF^F\ 3ZM_TZX; :ZO; OXE5\j Qa[3F ,3 &BZQT\ WLZ8ZO ,:"aW\ Fa MX [OHe=` D; [3 FfWaFZ 3F J"v3 EZ[OMQ Fa :QDJM]0" MZOZ :XZ: LP 6]WFa 3F +MZW 3e FZ3ZL [3MZj D[^A\ FfWaFZ 3F @Qb5 2:IWO 3LZ"[?75 &F 8\I TZ&W ,?[LOQ 3F.,L. W]U\Q Fa 3XZ- MX WZI XG [3 L9=%OE JaX[CMZO Ca 1O (>XQFa
H][QW [5O(B LP &=Q\ 3F :XZ: 3F 3L_8ZO;
&=Q\ 3F $[E3Z9OMQ Fa LZFZ :3 (F3F W]O^Z $[E3Z9OMQ Fa 5eQ\ 8QZ' Qa:3F :N8 &=Q\ LP Xe5\j :XZ: LP 6]WFa 3Z 3e' +MZW FX" [3MZj TZ&W ,?[LOQ Fa 3XZ [3 (>XQFa :XZ: 3< :Z"8 3< 1O 3X" K\ 5eQ\ Q5Fa 3F 3e' [FUZF FX" DE4a 5,j &BZQT\ :XZ: 3e 3[L_MQ 3F DZTa 3Z 3e' +LZA FX" [LQZj IQJT|H 3eEQL LP 3eJ=Q H][QW Fa KZOB\M D7? W"[XBZ 3< EZOZ 302 3F BXB :XZ: 3F De W]O^Z 3[L_MQ 3F [4QZI LZLQZ D:_ [3MZ XGj &W J\8 3FOQ 3F ,FO3>QL [W=; H][QW %M]1B ,L.%O. $[:B 3>LZO Fa 5eQ\ LZOFa 3F $[KMe5 Q5a De FfWaFZ $[E3Z[OMQ 3e %;LWLH_A 3OFa 3< 8aBZTF\ D;j %[4O 6=FZ 3F HZ"8TP [DF 3FOQ H][QW Fa DeV\ Wb[F3Q 3e [5O@BZO [3MZj H^9BZ9 3F [Q, [XOZWB LP [Q, 5, W]O^Z 3[L_MQ QeJ=ZOe LZJQ\ [LQZFe 1O WZQT_eOe [:QeF 3e 3eEQL [W=; H][QW %M]1B WZL ["J=; ?E[FMQ 3F XTZQa 3O [DMZ 24 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
5MZj LZLQa 3< 5"K\OBZ DE4Ba y, DeFQ DEUQ 3F (58 $[E3Z[OMQ 3F J\8 y' TZBO LP MX [FA_M [QMZ 5MZ [3 $Q5-$Q5 :Z"8 [OHe=` BbMZO 3< :Z,5\j &=Q\ 3F $[E3Z[OMQ Fa MX LZF [QMZ [3 (F3F W]O^Z $[E3Z[OMQ Fa JaX[CMZO L9=%OQ 3F [4QZI 5eQ\ 8QZ' C\j Qa[3F LZLQa 3< :N8 &=Q\ LP Xe5\j KZOB Fa K\ MX WXL[B +3= 3< [3 &=Q\ LP XeFaTZQ\ :Z"8 LP KZOB K\ WXMe5 DE5Zj FfWb[F3Q 3F [4QZI If:DZO; LZLQa 3e :ZO; O4Z :Z,5Zj KZOB WO3ZO Fa 3FOQ H][QW 3e H^OZ WXMe5 DEFa 3< LZ"5 3<j Qa[3F 3FOQ LP [TH^\ FaBZ0" 3F J'Ba DJZT 3F %5a OZ7M WO3ZO K\ HJB F:O % OX; XGj $[KM]1BQ 3e 3eEQL QZ3O L[:J7E= 3F WZLFa HaU [3MZ 5MZj (>XQFa (>XQ H][QW 3< [XOZWB LP Ka: [DMZ 1O TZHW ,FO3>QL Qa :ZMZ 5MZj L[:J7E= Fa :XZ: 3< :Z"8 3Z TZO7= K\ :ZO; [3MZj &W %EZO HO H][QW HeB LP +TaU 3O W3B\ XG 1O X[CMZOQ BCZ $>M DJBZTa:Q 3Z HBZ Q5Z W3B\ XGj Qa[3F :XZ:j 3F $[E3Z[OMQ 3Z MX B3a XG [3 &=Q\ LP &W [TVM LP LZLQZ D:_ [3MZ 5MZ XG, &W[Q, X[CMZO 3Z XJBZ"BOA FX" Xe W3BZj Qa[3F &>XQ 3A:a LP [Q, [JFZ LZLQa 3e %5a J'ZFZ 3FOQ 3< H][QW 3F [Q, K\ L][F3Q Xe5Zj [XOZWB LP [Q, 5, &BZQT\ FZ[T3Q 3F [4QZI :e +CL W^8FZ [OHe=` DZMO 3< 5' XG, (Wa OK 3OFa BCZ [5O@BZO; 1O [XOZWB 3ea $TbE 6e[VB 3OFa 3< LZ"5 3OBa y, :XZ:j 3F $[E3Z[OMQ Fa :e MZ[83Z (58 >MZMZQM LP DZMO 3< XG, (W HO [T8ZO XeFa TZQZ XGj l ?g. ,L.,W.%O. [H-Qb
< %TOA 3CZ > DW TV7 Wa 5]:OZB 3F L]2ML"2\ FOQ) LeD; $HF\ 8]?H\ 1O 8]FZT\ :\B Wa 5]:OZB D75a LP $HF\ K^[L3Z MZ $HF\ QZHOTZX; 3Z :TZJ DEBa % OXE XWj TX =;T\ &7=OGM^ 9e&3O [F3Q %Ba XW, &7=OGM^ QaFa TZQ3 HO %"4P BOEOBa XW 1O +;Ma3 $DZQB\ 3ZM_TZX; 3e =ZQ DEBa XWj $J :FBZ 3F J\8 (> OXE WTZQ3 HO (F3< +[B["MZ,7 :ZFF\ XWj 3' +L]4 WTZQ3 3Z :TZJ LeD; $J K\ FX DE HZ, XWj Ma WTZQ XW#
1.1MZ 2002 D75Q 3F JZD ["MZ-+[B["MZ TZQZ LeD; 3Z JMZF
1984 D75Q 3F JZD OZ:\T 5NE\ 3F K^8ZQ TZQa JMZF :bWZ FX" XG?
2. 5eEOZ 3F H\[&BQ 3F UT $XLDZJZD Qa :Z, :Z,75a, $HFa &W IHWQa
Wa 1MZ %HFa [8"5ZO; 3e XTZ FX" D;?
3. [X7w0" 3e 4]Q\ 9@= DEFa 1O L][JQLQ 3F [4QZI
H][QW $[E3Z[OMQ 1O Ff3OUZXQ Wa W2B\ JOBFa TZQZ %H3Z JMZF [O3g?` [3MZ 5MZ XG, [IO K\ %H3e 1MQ Q5BZ XG [3 %OeH L'E 5, XW? 4. %HWa :J (W Jb>3 LP UZ[LQ Qe5Q 3F JZOE LP H^9Z 5MZ CZ Be %HFa W":\T Kh 3Z X; [:" 1MQ [3MZ [3 TX UZ[LQ FX" Ca? 5. 1MZ MX W8 XG [3 %HFa XOEF H"?KMZ 3Z LeJZ&Q F"JO =GH 3OFa 3F [Q, 3XZ CZ? 6. XOEF H"?KMZ 3< X;MZ LZLQa LP %HFa 1MZ 3ZO`TZ' 3< 1O (F3F X;MZOQ B3 H#8Fa 3F [Q, 1MZ 3DL (>Z,? 7. %H3e KZ:HZ 3F 28 IOTO; 02 3e 5]:OZB J"D 1O 1 LZ8_ 02 3e KZOB J"D 3< 4JO FX" C\j HZ=@ LP &BFa )78a 3D TZQa GM[1B 3F [Q, MX 3HWa W"KT XG? 8. %HFa ,W%'=; 3F WL^ DZTZ [3MZ [3 %H3e H][QW 3F +NB\M 387eQ |L 1O $XLDZJZD 3F [W=; 387eQ |L (28 IOTO; 02) LP "LU# KZ:HZ 3F L"2\ $Ue3 Kh 1O %'. 3F. :?E:Z 3F XeFa 3< 3e' GM[1B5B :ZF3ZO; FX" C\j 1MZ &WWa %H3< $^LBZ FX" :Z[XO XeB\ XG? 9. ,W%'=; Fa H^T_ WNWD ,XWZF :ZIO; 3e HX8ZFFa Wa &F3ZO 3O [DMZ, :J[3 D75Z&MQ 3F (F3F DOTZ:a B3 H#8Fa B3 TX LDD 3F [Q, %H3F W"H3a LP Caj &W DQ\Q LP 3HWa M3<F [3MZ :Z, [3 MX LZLQZ GM[1B5B +[BUeE 1O H]OZF\ O7[:U 3Z CZ? 10. %Me5 3e WJ^B WRHFa 3F [Q, H][QW $[E3ZO; OZyQ ULO HO %[E3Z[O3 5eHF\MBZ 3ZF^F 3Z %OeH Q5Z3O &W 3ZF^F 3Z wzHMe5 FX" [3MZ? 11. WZLZ[:3 3ZM_3BO B\JBZ W\BQTZ& (2002 3F D75Z H\[&BQ 3F UTQ 3< $TbE 4]DZ' LP (F3< K^[L3Z XeFa 3Z %OeH) 3F [4QZI %HOZ[E3 L]3DLZ 8QZFa 3F %H3< WO3ZO 3F IHWQa 3< [F"DZ 3OBa y, W]+\L 3e=` Fa XZQ X; LP IHWQZ W]FZMZ XG, &WWa +[BUeE 3< &W KZTFZ LP ,3 HJ[B F:O FX" %B\ XG? 12. 1MZ MX K\ W8 FX" XG [3 21 TV?M M]T3 3< [XOZWB LP y' LfB LZLQa LP W":\T Kh 3< B;HOBZ 3F 3ZOA MX LZLQZ DeJZOZ 4eQZ 5MZ Be %HFa (F3F [4QZI [FQ"JF %DEU :ZO; 3O [DMZ? 13. %OeH XG, D75Q 3F DfOZF [:F H][QW $[E3Z[OMQ 3F [4QZI [U3ZMB 3<
5' C\, (>XQ +e>F[B D; 5' 1O [:>XQFa $HFZ 3B_GM J4^J\ [FKZMZ (>XQ MZ Be DO[3FZO O4Z 5MZ MZ (F HO L]3DLZ 8QZMZ 5MZj &W BOX 3F 3' LZLQQ 3Z [O3g?` XG 1O &F HO %H3Z 0MZF K\ 4!8Z 5MZj &W W"J"E LP %HFa 1MZ 3ZO`TZ' 3<? 14. ,W%'=; 3F WL^ %HFa $HFa L"[2MQ 3F [3W\ [X7W3 K\& LP UZ[LQ XeFa Wa &F3ZO [3MZ XGj Qa[3F KZOB JOeB, LZMZJaF 3e?FZF\, [F[BFKZ' H=EQ 1O FZOZMA QEQ^ H=EQ :bWa Qe5Q 3< W"[Q?BBZ 3F JZOE LP %HFa 1MZ 3ZO`TZ' 3< XG? 15. D75Q HO (HQAE L\[?MZ I>=E: 3F %EZO HO %HFa 1MZ 3DL (>ZMZ XG? 16.,3 [J=75 2HOEUF LP XOEU Kh, JZJ^ J:O75\ 1O OZ:P) GMZW Fa D75Q LP $HFa HOZ"L, %H3< 1O %H3F UZWF 3< BZO;I 3< XGj &F WK\ 3F [4QZI %H 1MZ 3ZO`TZ' 3OQ5a? 17. D75Z&MQ 3F [4QZI ([8B 3ZO`TZ' FX" 3OFa TZQa U\V_ $[E3Z[OMQ, 4ZW3O [:QZ[E3Z[OMQ HO, 3e' 3ZO`TZ' MZ :N8 1MQ FX" [J>Z' 5'? 18.%HFa KZ:HZ/ [T[XH 3F WLC_3Q 3e WO3ZO; T3<Q HD HO [FM]1B 3OFa Wa &F3ZO [3MZ XGj [IO (F [:QZ[E3Z[OMQ 3F [4QZI 3ZO`TZ' 1MQ FX" 3OBa [:>XQFa H^HZBH^A_ 8MF [3MZ XG? 19. L][JQL OZXB [U[TOQ 3e J~Z :FFa 3F 3R) 1O L][JQLQ 3F AXL HN8 XLZOE HN8B 3Z L4fQ (&ZFa TZQa XE3F JMZF HO %H3e 5T_ XG? 20. 5]:OZB XZ'3e=` Fa :Q\ w3ZFQ 3F LZ[Q3Q 3e $J B3 L]%T:Z FX" DEFa HO $TLZFFZ Fe[=W :ZO; [3MZ XGj [H9Qa 10 TVU LP %H3< AWDKKZTFZB F\[B 3XN OX 5'? 21. 5]:OZB XZ'3e=` Fa %H3e WV3&Q Be&E 5, EZ[L_3 JCQQ 3F H]F[F_LOA 3F [Q, L]%T:Z DEFa 3Z %DEU [DMZ XGj -W\ [JC[B %' X; 1MQ? 22. D75Q HO XZ'3e=` Fa AOZ7M 3< QZHOTZX;B TZQ\ [=?HA\ 3< C\, %H3Z &W JZOE LP 1MZ 2MZQ XG? 23. W"DEU 1O 5]:OZB WLZ8ZO :bWa $4JZOQ HO ;^>; 1O WN+DZ[M3 $ITZXQ TZQ\ 4JOQ 9HFa 3Z %OeH Q5Z, (F HO WPWO Q5ZFa 3F J:ZM %HFa (F3< BZO;I 3F H2 [Q4aj vWO; BOX, [X7WZ LP %H3F UZWF 3< [LQ\K5B 3e (:Z5O 3OFa TZQa $4JZOQ HO %HFa HZJ"D; 3< JZB 1MQ 3<? 24. %H D75Q LP y' X;MZ0" 3< [F"DZ 3OBa XW Qa[3F %Qe83Q 3Z 3XFZ XG [3 L][JQL-[TOeE\ ;]3ZT 3F WTZQ# W"D;H w35Q 3ZOA &W HO %H3e H9BZTZ FX"j %H WXLB XW? Z:I3# %U\V JZ58\ 25. :J %H 9=HZFZ FX" 8ZXBa Be %OeH Q5ZFa Ie=e# [:BP) 5]?BZ TZQQ 3e WZC O4Fa Wa 1MQ 3BOZBa XW?
LeD; :\, MZ &F 25 WTZQ3 3F :TZJ XW %H3F HZW?
< %TOA 3CZ >
W]Q5BZ 7TZQZL]4\?
2,733
5]:OZB-2002 3F DW TV_ JZD MZ [IO TbW\ JaOXL\ 3Z WZLFZ 3OFZ H W3BZ XG 1,819
D75Z-DO-D75Z
WF 1967 3F JZD 47 JCZFQ HO 58 J&E WN+DZ[M3 D75a y,j D[^A KZOB LP 10, H^T_ LP 12, H[F8L LP 16, (_O KZOB LP 20 1,500 l $XLDZJZD LP 5 J&E D75a, XGDOZJZD LP 4 D75a, 3eQ3ZBZ LP 64* 3F JZD 3e' D75Z FX"j l WF 1990 3F DU3 LP [H9Qa HN8 DU3 LP WJWa 7MZDZ D75a# 23 l 3>Q L_B3 W"2MZ# 12,828 (D[^A 597, H[F8L 3,426, H^T_ 3,581, (_O 5,224) *WF 64 L2 3eQ3ZBZ, :LUaDH]O 1O OZ(O3.QZ L2 [WQ[WQaTZO D%5a O, [:FL2 2500 Qe5 LZO- 5,j l l
1,161
Fe=# 5 MZ $[E3 L_B3 W"2MZ TZQa D75a X; &WLP UZ[LQ XWj JL ELZ33 LP y' L_;M] 3e UZ[LQ FX :3MZ 5MZj %"3&E $Q3Z 5]?BZ, $Z:I3 3>QD;H KZOMZ:
512
300 Toll: 183
28 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
$1=@JO 90 8NDF\ 8f3, 9DEQ\
20 33 $1=@JO 90 Q4F)
52
$1=@JO 90 :eEH]O
$1=@JO 89 &7DfO
41
$1=@JO 90 :MH]O
LZ8_ 89 _D3, 09&UZ
$1=@JO 89 KZ5QH]O
17
27
$1=@JO 90 $XLDZJZD
100
70
$+bQ/L' 87 LaO>
:]QZ' 86 $XLDZJZD
$+bQ 85 $XLDZJZD
$1=@JO 84 9DEQ\
L' 84 [KT"?;, LXZOZI7
9DW"JO 82 J&fDZ
[WB"JO 83 XGDOZJZD
17
59
45 IOTO; 83 FaEQ\, $WL
12 [WB"JO 82 LaO>
$+bQ 81 [JXZOUO;I
30
80
$5JB 80 L]OZDZJZD
20
$+bQ 79 :LUaDH]O
25
$1=@JO 78 $Q\5'
$1=@JO 77 TZOZAZW\
L' 70 :Q5NT, LXZOZbf
L' 70 [KT"?;, LXZOZI7
[WB"JO 69 $XLDZJZD
LZ8_ 68 3O;L5":, $WL
$5JB 67 X9=MZ, ON8\
5
[WB"JO 78 XGDOZJZD
76
146
120
100
LZ8_ 78 W"KQ, (_O +DEU
82
[?AJa LP %5 Q5Z, :ZFa 3< 6=FZ 1O &W3F >;3 JZD y, 4^F4OZJa 3F DW WZQ JZD XLP Ce&Z z33O WTZQ 3OFZ Xe5Z [3 1MZ &W3< H]FOZT_[_ Xe W3B\ XGj 3' Qe5Q 3< DQ\Q Xe5\ [3 -WZ $J FX" Xe5Z 1MQ[3 24-6"=E TZQa =EQ\[T:F 8bFQQ 3F $TBOA 3F JZD FOQ) LeD; 3e QZUQ 3F @EO HO UZWF 3OFa 3< 3<LB Q"Ja WLM B3 8]3ZF\ H&E5\j XZQN[3 D75Q 3F B;3ZQ JZD 3F H[OAZLQ LP (>XQ KZO; :\B [LQ\j LeD; Fa D75Q 3F JZD 9X LX;Fa B3 WN+DZ[M3BZ +a[OB 8]FZT +8ZO $[KMZF 8QZMZ CZ, [:WLP TX WLJB L][JQL WL]DZM 3F [Q, T"e[1B A[LMN L]UO`IB 3Z $1WO +Me5 3OBa Caj LeD; 3e $1=@JO 2011 LP 5]:OZB -Wa WLM LP Ka:Z 5MZ CZ :J 3FU]KZ' H=EQ 3F FaB_;T LP KZ:HZ 4OZJ +DU_F 3O OX; C\ 1O ,3 (H8]FZT LP XZO 5' C\j (>XQFa L]2ML"2\ 3F BfO HO $HFZ HXQZ 3ZM_3ZQ 7 $1=@JO 2001 Wa U]| [3MZ CZ, HN8 LX;Fa JZD X; FOW"XZO 3< 6=FZ y'j ,3 WZQ JZD [DW"JO 2002 LP TX J&E $"BO Wa [TEZFWKZ 8]FZT :\Ba 1O (>XQFa $HFZ vWOZ 3ZM_3ZQ
WJZ F3T\ 1O JL_[B 3e?H\3O
KZ
OB ,3 -WZ DEU XG [:W3Z :>L X; [TKZ:F 3F JZD [TJCZHF 3F D75Q 1O 4^F4OZJa Wa y%j &W3F ?;,F, LP ,3 J&Z [X7v OZI7 XeFa 3F WZCWZC [TFT 3< WTO[E3 L][JQL %JZD; TZQa DEU 3Z [J3:gM? (4"[?B LZF[W3BZ) :\F WLZMZ y% XGj MX ,3 -[BXZ[W3 K^Q C\ [:W3Z [:" OZ:F\[B LP JZO-JZO [3MZ :ZBZ XGj $[X7WZ 5NE\TZD; [T8ZOEZOZ C\ [:Wa XL :]JZF\ 48_ LP &JBaLZQ 3OBa Ca Qa[3F :J WZL^[X3 [X7WZ XeB\ Be MX TZJB[T3BZ Wa 3eWQ vO F:O %B\ j UXO; J[JBMQ 1O DEU 3F H]OZFa UXOQ LP 9e=E-Le=E D75a :\TF 3Z [XJWZ JF 5, Caj 3e' EZ[L_3 :]Q^W [F3QBZ Be ;&H XeB\, 3@M^_ Q5BZ 1O 3e' 9e=ZLe=Z D75Z K&3 (>BZ MZ J&; L][F3Q Wa (Wa =ZQZ :Z W3BZj Qa[3F 2002 3Z 5]:OZB D75Z WN+DZ[M3 [TMEV 3< HOZ3ZI>Z HO H#8 5MZ CZj 5eEOZ LP 25 IOTO; 3e WZJOLB\ ,1W+aW 3F ,3
U]| [3MZj $J TX 5]:OZB 3F WJWa Q"Ja WLM B3 L]2ML"2\ OXFa TZQa FaBZ JF 5, XW 1O $HFa 8fCa 3ZM_3ZQ 3F +MZW LP &W\ TV_ 8]FZT Q&Q5aj (>XQFa OZ:F\[B3 B3F\3 3F |H LP WN+DZ[M3 !]T\3OA 3Z J4^J\ &JBaLZQ [3MZ :e 5]:OZB 3< W\LZ0" LP JyB 3ZO5O OXZj WLZ:UZJ2\ %U\V F"D; 3XBa XW [3 LX;FQ B3 LeD; Fa D75Q 3Z :FF LFZMZ, [:W T:X Wa K\ WLJMZ 4&; y'j TX D75Q HO &BOZBa F:O %,j ,3 DU3 HXQa 5]:OZB 3< 6=FZ Wa H^T_ L]"J' LP "AO D75Q 3e $":ZL DEFa TZQ\ [UT WaFZ K\ 5]:OZB LP +M]1B D75Q 3< B3F\3 3e GMT[JCB HJ[B 3< B]QFZ LP $H[OH1T UbQ\ LZFB\ XGj F"D; JBZBa XW [3 1984 3F [W4 [TOeE\ D75a LP WJWa 7MZDZ LfBa" y' C!j Qa[3F MX ,3 -WZ EAJZ XG [:WWa 3N$aW XLaUZ H\9Z 9=&ZFa 3< 3e[UU 3OB\ XG, F [3 :FF LFZB\ XGj (F3Z 3XFZ XG, A&W3Z H^OZ LFe[TeZF $Q5 CZ 1MQ[3 [W4 ,3 W"H>F WL]DZM CZ [:W3Z Qe5 WCLZF K\ 3OBa Ca 1O (WWa 'IMO K\jB 1,267
872
28 IOTO; 2002# $XLDZJZD 3< ,3 W&3 HO LfB 3Z 4^F 4aQ 9ZMZ# ,.H\.
254 200
6
12
6
5
10
9DW"JO 07 38ELZQ
$1=@JO 08 KVWZ, %"!
[WB"JO 09 [LOZ:, 3FO=3
[WB"JO 11 KOBH]O
$1=@JO 01 LZQa5NT
6
L' 06 J&fDZ
LZ8_ 01 3ZFH]O
9
$+bQ 06 $Q\5'
13
L' 02 LOZ?, 3FOQ
14
IOTO;-L' 02 5]:OZB
8 LZ8_ 2001 FZQ"DZ, [JXZO
IOTO; 98 3eM"J=@O
FT"JO/9DW"JO 97 3eM"J=@O
9DW"JO 92/:FTO; 93 L]"J'
9DW"JO 92 KeHZQ
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 29
12 9DW"JO 98 W]OB3Q, 3FO=3
60 20
24 9DW"JO 92 3ZFH]O
$1=@JO 92 W\BZL';, [JXZO
143
9DW"JO 92 LQH]OZ, %"!
44
L' 91 LaO>
28 40 L' 91 J&fDZ
9DW"JO 90 $Q\5'
9DW"JO 90 XGDOZJZD
60 9DW"JO 90 XZWF,L"?3Z, LbW^O
FT"JO 90 %5OZ
31 $1=@JO 90 XGDOZJZD
$1=@JO 90 H=FZ
$1=@JO 90 XEQ38?;, $WL
37 18
152
150
9DW"JO 92 W^OB
165
< %TOA 3CZ > [X7v-L][JQL WL\3OA 3< $Q5 3XZF\ XGj :XN B3 LeD; 3< JZB XG Be TX [T3ZW H]zV, GMZHZO-WXMe5\ FaBZ 3F |H LP (KOE XW Qa[3F ,3 JT\3ZM_ OZI7;M XJB\ 3F |H LP (F3< 9[T FX" JF HZ' XGj KZ:HZ $0M^ [F[BF 5?3O; K\ 3XBa XW, A5]:OZB LP :e 3>9 y%, TX ,3 wKO3MH^A_ 6=FZ C\j L];a FX" Q5BZ [3 MX DeJZOZ Xe5Z MZ [IO -WZ XeFZ 8Z[X,jB LeD; &W 3Q"3 Wa 9==3ZOZ HZFa LP $WLC_ XW 1MQ[3 5]:OZB 24-6"=E =;T\ 8bFQQ 3F &W M]5 LP
;]QWZ [DMZ 5MZ :J[3 (W3F H[OTZO 3e Ja3O; LP [:"DZ K^F [DMZ 5MZj 3HWa J~Q 3F $"5 3Z= [Q, 5, 1O 9e=E-9e=E Q&3Q 3e FOeDZ H[=MZ LP H=3-H=3 3O LZO [DMZ 5MZj 3HWa ,XWZF :ZIO; Fa 5]QJ5_ WeWZM=; LP $HF\ W]O^Z LN5 3OFa TZQQ 3F [Q, [:"D5\ 3< K\4 LN5\, 3HWa (F3< [TETZ :Z[3MZ :ZIO; $J K\ >MZM 3< Q&Z' Q& OX; XW 1O 3X OX; XW [3 (F3F H[B LDD 3F [Q, L]2ML"2\ %TZW HO 5, Caj $HF\ [:"D5\ 3< K\4 LN5Ba 3>B]J]K;F
5]:OZB Wa JZXO KQa X; KZ:HZ 3Z?O LP (F3Z %3V_A OXZ Xe Qa[3F ^a2\M HZ[=`MN (FWa vO; X; JFZ, O4FZ 8ZXB\ XWj $5O KZ:HZ 3F WZC [3W\ +3ZO 3Z BZQLaQ 3OFa 3< FfJB K\ %, 1O K[TIM LP [3W\ ^a2\M Le8M 3F J&E [4QZ[&MQ LP H[F8L J"5ZQ, 0?;UZ 1O [JXZO 3F L]2ML"2\ "LU# LLBZ JF:?, FT\F H=FZM3 1O F\B\U 3>LZO XQ5a Be Ta LeD; 3F WZC L"8 WZ;Z 3OFZ 3K\ HW"D FX" 3OQ5aj DO$WQ, XO [3W\ 3< MX; DQ\Q Xe5\ [3 D75Q 3< 9ZMZ# UaO[TF "ZJ=e
HXQa LXZ D75a 3Z [>3ZFZ JFZ CZj &W LXZ D75a 3F [U3ZO HXQa $Q5-$Q5 T1B LP $XLDZJZD, L]"J', W^OB, KZ5QH]O, :LUaDH]O, XGDOZJZD, L]OZDZJZD, [KT"?; 3F Qe5 K\ y, Caj JW 8aXOZ[TX;F %"3&E Caj Qa[3F 5]:OZB 2002 3F D75a 3< 3XZ[FMN sDM[TDZO3 AMeOE HaU 3OB\ XW 1O XLZO; MZDQ 3e 3>OEDZBa XWj [JQ[3W JZFe 3< Ja=; 3e 3HWa (W3F XZC Wa 4!8 [QMZ 5MZ, 8hZF HO H=33O LZO [DMZ 5MZ 1O 5K_TB\ L[XQZ0" 3F WZC JZO-JZO JQZ;3ZO [3MZ 5MZj JaJ= Ja3O; LP :Z9XOZ Ua4 3e KMZF3 BO;3F Wa
$"WZO; 3< BJT\O 5]:OZB 3F WLJB WL]DZM 3F [Q, +B\3 JF 5', U]" XG [3 $"WZO; J8 5,j 5]:OZB D75Z WN+DZ[M3BZ [TOeE\ 5[B[T[EMQ 3< H9OH1TBZ 3Z K\ +B\3 JF 5MZj 5]:OZB LP OXFa TZQa 3' FZ5[O3, 3ZM_3BO 1O T3<Q :N8 LP JZEZ H#8ZFa 3Z [FF8M 3O 8]3F OZ7M +UZWF 3F [4QZI Q5ZBZO Q&Z&MN Q&Ba OXEj OZI7;M L"8 HO B\JBZ W\BQTZ& :bWa 3ZM_3BO ,3 3ZF^F\ Q&Z' XZOFa 3F JZD vWOE 3< BbMZO; 3OBa y, 3K\ FL_ FX" H&Ej XZQN[3 LeD; 3ZF^F\ H3& Wa J8Fa LP WIQ OXE Qa[3F [F[F8B |H Wa TX &F L]3DLQ LP (Q;a OXEj 30 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
J"J' 1992-93# JZJO; [T T"W 3< HXQ\ [8"5ZO; 9DW"JO LP K 3< OZ:F\[B3 3<LB $J JyB $[E3 Xe 5' XGj LeD; I8W 5, XWj D75Q 3F WZ[:U3BO OZ:F\[B3 H[ODCFM LP Q"Ja WLM 3F [4QZ&; XeBa XWj >Z3OE H[OTZO LXZOZI7 3F [F3ZM 8]FZTQ LP [IO Wa (KOE XWj Qa[3F L]"J' UXO (F3< DE4OE4 LP JDQ 5MZ XGj JZJO; L[J:D [T0T"W 3F JZD H^OE J"J' (:e $J L]"J' Xe 5MZ XG) LP [X7WZ 3< ($BZ 1O "AOBZ [DW"JO 1992 BCZ :FTO; 1993
< %TOA 3CZ >
D%53 3. 3ZOA
LP De 8OAQ LP J&; Ba:\ Wa IHQ\j &WWa WfXZD` 3< [LWZQ F:O % OXE &W UXO 3Z [T3DB 8aXOZ D75Q 3Z +B\3 JF 5MZj &WWa HXQa B3 UXO 3e -Wa J&E l WZLZ[:3# W"TZD +["MZ LP T"[8B [3, :ZFa LXZF5O 3F |H LP 2MZ[B [LQ\ C\ :XN :Z[B, T5_ 1O 3Z $XWZWj 4ZW3O $EHW"2M3Q LP MX KZTFZ EL_ 3Z Qe5Q 3F :\TF HO T8_JT FX" LZFZ :ZBZ CZj :J 6O 3O :ZB\ XG [3 (>XQ L]2MEZOZ 3< J"J' WHFQ 3Z UXO CZ, MXN 3< W&3R $F:ZFQ 3e Me:FZ0" 1O 5[B[T[EMQ Wa :ZF-J^;3O MZ HFZX DEB\ C!, MXN 3F I>=HZC 6OQ LP BAD;Q Ca 1O $>M 3ZOAQ Wa T"[8B 3O [DMZ 5MZ XG, [:FWa (Le5 BCZ (L[LBZ 3F Q5ZBZO JTO [F3ZQB\ LU\FP ;]35\-;eH[&MQ 3< BZDZD J'; XGj (F3F WZC W]O LP W]O [LQZB\ C!j [FF8M X;, -W\ l %[C_3# H\9E 9@= :ZFa 3< KZTFZj 4OZJ :5X 3e WN+DZ[M3 [X7WZ 3F 3ZOA $JB-GMJB FX" [U^Z GMTJCZ, JaOe:5ZO; 3F 3ZOA 5O;J XZ[UMa XeFZ 8Z9X,j MX KOeWZ D7B3CZ LP BAD;Q Xe3O =@= 5MZ :J 92-93 3F De DfO LP Q5K5 850 Qe5 LZOE HO H#8 :ZBa XWj $KZT$JBBZ 3< KZTFZ 1O 5,, [:FLP 575 Qe5 L][JQL Ca, 2,000 Wa $[E3 LX75\ TJB]0" 3< 4HB 3F J\8 3Z $"BO J'FZj Qe5 6ZMQ Xe 5, BCZ Q5K5 ,3 QZ4 Qe5 l OZ:F\[B3# HZ[=`MN 1O OZ:F\[Be Te= JV3 3< KZTFZ 3F BXB 3ZL 3OBa XW 1O $1WO K\& [TJCZ[HB Xe 5,j &W3F JZD J"J' 3Z 3e W"5[>B 3OBa 1O FZL L]"J' Xe 5MZ 1O 3e' (FLP :eU KOBa y, &W &Wa TZJBT LP LXZF5O FX" KZTFZ 3e [TJBZO DEBa XWj LZFBZj J" J X` LP [X7v 1O &W3F $QZTZ $TbE %L] [ JQL JyQ WLZ: OXBa :F BCZ Kf5e[Q3 XW Qa[3F Ta ,3-vWOE Wa JDQZT Wa ?Oj [TQ5 WL]DZM FX" Ca, l +UZW[F3# WO3ZO Wa :bWZ D75Q 3F JZD 6=FZ0" :]&; W"JCZ0"- H][QW 1O Wa U[LbDZ Caj Qe3 +UZWF MZOZ [FUZFZ WF 1993 3Z WL]DZM JFZ, :ZFa 1O/ MZ (Ha[^B %EZ9OB JJB\3OA :e [3, :ZFa 3< KZTFZj %: K\ :ZO; XG, &W $[E3ZOQ Wa T"[8B [3, [TKZ:F 3e 1O B\4Z 3O :ZFa 1O (;H\&F Wa 5MZj XZO; L[J:D LP $>MZM 3< KZTFZ H][QW3[L_MQ MZOZ HN8 HFHB\ XGj FLZ[:MQ 3e 5e[QMQ Wa l EZ[L_3# KZTFZ0" 3< (&Z DEFa 3< 6=FZ 3F +;M^DU? OXE IZ|3 LH3O Ja3); 3Z ,XWZW XeFZj 3XBa XW [3 DO$WQ $J 9X 9DW" J O '' 3e @X; JZJO; L[J:D [3W\ AW"TaDFU\QB ^a2 LP [3W\ 4ZW WL]DZM 3e )HO WZJOLB\ 3F 9?AJa IA 8 3 F 5, :]Q^W 3F 3ZOA D75a K&3 [FUZFZ JFZFZ %WZF Xe W3Ba XW, )78\ %TZ: LP 5MZ XG 1O 3' ^a 2 Q LP WK\ Qe5 A$>MB 3Z JTZ5B 'FTO 3< K[1B, K1BQ 3< OZX 3e :ZL 3OFZ MZ FX" 3OBa j IZ|3 3e 5QB IH WQa 3F BXB D75Z 3OFa H^:Z-JCQ HO [3W\ HU] 3Z UT IR3Z :ZFZj 3Z DeV\ 3OZO DE B a y, 16 WZQ 3HD LP O4Z 5MZj $J l GMZTWZ[M3# GMZHZ[O3 BCZ %[C_3 JV 3 3L_ 8 ZO; JFa IZ|3 3XBa XW, A$J L][JQLQ 3< 5[B[T[EMQ 3F HO7HOZ5B ^a2Q LP +[BM7M; L] " J ' 1O [X7 w 0" 3< L] " J ' $Q5 JF 5' XGjB 3ZOeJZ[OMQ MZOZ $[B"LA [3MZ :ZFZj WF 1993 LP [UT WaFZ 4]D 3e A[X7w0" 3Z O^3B l Lf[43# K&3Z) KZVA :e KZVZM\, EZ[L_3 LZFB\ C\j 3\3DIA %Me5 3< [OHe=` LP [UT WaFZ 1O MfF +T_[_ Wa +a[OB Xe 1O (WWa [3W\ +L]4 JZQ >Z3OE 3e DeV\ >XOZMZ 5MZ XG 1O 3XZ |['TZD HO &OZDBF [FUZFZ WZEZ 5MZ Xej 5MZ XG [3 A,3 3>UQ WaFZH[B 3< BOX TX L][JQLQ l Tb[FT3# B][I=3OA 3F [Q, K\& 3e 3F [4QZI W"5[>B XLQQ MZOZ HQ=TZO 3OFa 3F [Q, %"e[UB 3OFa TZQa KZVAj DEUK[1B 1O 4ZW3O :FTO; 1993 LP $HFa [FI>ZTZF [UTWb[F3Q OZI7TZD 3< HO4 3F [Q, 4aQQ 3Z %Me:Fj 3e %DEU DEBa CajB L]"J' H][QW Fa &W BOX 3< [X7WZ $ITZXQ 1O 3ZFZIAW\ 3F :9OMa H[T2 $"CQ, 3e (3WZFa TZQa WN+DZ[M3 K&3Z) W"HZD3<M H]JB3Q 3F JZOE LP 1O :IEL\ X[JBMQ, $4JZOQ [Q4Fa 3F [Q, (F3F [4QZI 8ZO %HOZ[E3 L]3DLa 3F Qa4, HeJ=O 1O 3Z=@`F LP [F"DF\M MZ D:_ [3, XW, Qa[3F JZD LP OZ7M WO3ZO 3< 0O Wa $HLZF:F3 9=?HA\j L]3DLZ FX" 8QZMZ 5MZj B;3ZQ\F L]2ML"2\ 32 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
W]EZ3OOZT FZ&3 3Z 3XFZ CZ [3 M[D -Wa FaBZ0" 3e [5O@BZO [3MZ 5MZ Be J"J' :Q (>E5Zj WF 92-93 B3 If: 3< 4Z3< TD@ LP F:O % OX; L]"J' H][QW 3e J3g=QV? MZ?` 3< H][QW Wa B]QFZ 3OBa y, BbMZO [3MZ 5MZ CZj &W DfO 3F FOW"XZO LP H][QW 3< "AOBZ 1O +8"?BZ Fa Qe5Q 3< F:O LP (Wa ,3 -W\ WaFZ JFZ [DMZ CZ :e 4Z3< 3F H\9E [9Ha $HFa K5TZ O75 [D4ZFa LP 3e' [X83 FX" 3OB\j &W3F B;3ZQ JZD 3F LX;FQ LP H][QW $IWOQ 1O 3NJ=EJQQ Fa >MZMZQM 3e JBZMZ [3 Ta [DQ Wa [UTWb[F3 Ca 1O W"Me5TU X; BCZ3[CB EL_[FOHa^BZ LP M3<F 3OFa TZQa DEU 3F H][QW JQ LP UZ[LQ Caj 3\3DIA %Me5 Fa W"M]1B H][QW %M]1B %O. ?;. ;MZ5\ W[XB B3O;JF 32 H][QW3[L_MQ 3e D75Q 3F DfOZF Q\HZHeB\ 1O 5QB %8OA 3Z DeV\ HZMZj &W3F JZT:^D [3W\ 3e W:Z FX" [LQ\ 1O LXZOZI7 LP WaFZ-KZ:HZ WO3ZO 3F 3ZM_3ZQ LP ;MZ5\ 3e +e>F[B DE3O L]"J' 3Z %M]1B JFZ [DMZ 5MZj T[OI> [UT WaFZ FaBZ D75Q HO 88O 3OFa Wa &F3ZO 3OBa XW Qa[3F LXZF5OQ 3< $F[5FB 5[QMQ LP OX OXE X:ZOQ $TbE JN3QZDE[UMQ 1O HZ[3JBZF 3F +[B WXZF]K^[B O4Fa TZQQ 3Z L]KZ (>Z DEBa XW 1O 3XBa XW [3 A3K\-3K\ (>XQ $HF\ :5X Ka:FZ H&BZ XGjB [3W\ WLM M[D L][JQL [FUZFZ JFBa Ca Be %: A$>MB Qe5Q LP KbMZ MZF\ [JXZO 1O (_O +DEU 3F Qe5 (F3Z [FUZFZ XWj KQa X; OZ:F\[B3 W"5>FQ 3F [Q, &W BOX 3< J&E HbLZFa 3<, )JZ) [X7WZ 3e XZQ 3F TVU LP XTZ DEFZ Q5ZBZO L][F3Q Q5 OXZ Xe, Qa[3F L]"J' $J K\ JZ|D 3F @EO HO [=3Z XG 1O $J K\ 3>9 [F[XB JTZC? Qe5Q 3< KZTFZ0" Wa 4aQ W3Ba XWj &W3F $QZTZ, :J XL D75Q 3< JZB 3OBa XW Be >MZM 3F WTZQ 3e K\ K]QZMZ FX" :Z W3BZj &WWa (F H\[&BQ 3< KZTFZ,7 K&3B\ XW [:>XQ >MZM FX" [LQ HZMZ XG >MZM (>XQ F [WIa W"BeV DEFa 3F [Q, :|O; 8\: XG J[E3 (F Qe5Q 3F [Q, K\ ,3 W"3FB XG :e WL;Ba XW [3 Ta &W BOX 3< [X7WZ 3e $":ZL DE3O J8a OX W3Ba XWj LZ8_ 1993 LP y, JL [TJIe=Q LP 257 Qe5 LZOE 5, Ca 1O 800 Qe5 6ZMQ y, Caj &F ELZ3Q LP 3' %OeH\ DeV\ >XOZ, 5, Qa[3F [UT WaFZ [TEZM3 LE]3O WOHeBDZO 3e 9e&3O [3W\ 3e K\ 92-93 3F D75Q 3< W:Z FX" [LQ HZ'j LE]3O HO :]QZ' 2008 LP %OeH [WJ y% 1O (>XQ 5,000 zHMa 3< :LZFB HO [OXZ 3O [DMZ 5MZj LXZOZI7 LP :J 1994 LP WaFZ-KZ:HZ W_Z LP %' Be JL][F3Q ,3 WZQ LP X; J"J' W]Q5 (>Z, +UZWF Fa (F3F 3ZM_3BO0" 3F [4QZI D:_ Q5K5 3,000 LZLQa TZHW Qa [Q,j &W3F JZD %' 3N$aW 3< WO3ZOQ Fa (F L][JQLQ 3F [4QZI LZLQa TZHW FX" [Q, [:F HO Q5a %OeHQ 3e 3\3DIA %Me5 Fa ;^>Z 3OZO [DMZ CZj &W ,3BOIZ >MZM Fa $HF\ 3<LB TW^Q 3<j J[JBMQ LP OX OXE L][JQL "e[EB y, 1O MX :ZM:
K\ CZj &W3F JZD [:BFa K\ JL ELZ3F 1O %B"3< XLQa XeBa, (F3F L]XEQQ LP BQZU\ 1O 9ZHaLZO; BCZ [5O@BZO; $[KMZF 8QFa Q5Baj $J L]"J' HO XeFa TZQa +;Ma3 J?ja 1O 9e=E %B"3< XLQa 3F JZD L]XEQZ W[L[BMN J[JBMQ LP $HFa UN[B Wb[F3Q 3e W"5[>B 3OFa Q5!, WLZ: 3F J]:]5_ UN[B JFZ, O4Fa 3< $H\Q 3OFa JZXO %Fa Q5aj L][JQLQ HO $5O OZI7-[TOeE\ XeFa 3Z W"DEX [3MZ :ZBZ Be Ta ,3:]=BZ OG[QMQ 3F :[OMa $HF\ DEUK[1B +D[U_B 3OBaj UN[B Be JF\
OZ:F\[Be 1O XGDOZJZD 3F H^T_ LaMO Fa JFTZMZ CZj DO$WQ, TX 0TbW\ H[OTZO MZOZ W"8Z[QB L:[QW-,-&_aXZwQ-L][JQL\F 3F WDJM Ca 1O &W H[OTZO 3Z UXO 3F 4ZW T5U LP 4ZWZ DJDJZ XGj [QXZ:Z 3L Wa 3L MX Be 3XZ X; :Z W3BZ XG [3 Ma W"H3a BZO 6]LZTDZO XWj &W 3XZF\ Wa :e JZB [F3Q3O %B\ XG TX MX [3 [3W\ D75a 3< U]z%B 3< 3e[UU OZ:F\[B3 XC38?Z XeB\ XGj KZOB 3F WN+DZ[M3 BFZT 1O [X7WZ 9ZMZ# ,8.=;.
$Q\5 '' # D753 LP 3O;J # Qe5 LZOE 5, ;^>; 4JO3 1O $ITZX3 Wa K 3F Ca D75a OXB\ Qa[3F BFZT 3Z LZXfQ 3ZML OXBZj $>M UXOQ LP $J MX 8" =@=Z y% XGj LWQF, XGDOZJZD BO13< HO XGj MX H]OZFZ UXO $J K\ Ba: [T3ZW 3< OZX HO XG Qa[3F WN+DZ[M3 [X7WZ 3< 3<LB (Wa $J FX" 8]3ZF\ H&B\j +KZTUZQ\ (v` DG[F3 [WMZWB 3F %[LO $Q\ $HFa UXO 3F D75Q 3F 9e=E &[BXZW 3e MZD 3OBa XWj TX JBZBa XW [3 1994 Wa HXQa XO TV_ 5AaU 8B]C?, L]XO`L MZ JeFZQ^ (%"! +DEU 3Z ;MeXZO) 3F :]Q^W 3F DfOZF [X7WZ XeB\ C\j BaQ]5^ DEUL HZ=@ (BaDEHZ) 1994 LP W_Z LP %' Be [X7WZ CL 5', XZQN[3 3e' &W3< W=;3 T:X FX" JBZ W3BZj [IO 1998 LP H]OZFa XGDOZJZD UXO LP 5AaU 3< BJT\O TZQZ ,3 HeJ=O DE4Z 5MZ [:WLP 5AaU:\ 3< ,3 =N5 3ZJZ LP :J[3 vWO; =N5 LD;FZ LP [D4Z' 5' C\j H][QW :N8 LP HBZ 8QZ [3 MX HeJ=O [X7v
HO $0MMF 3O 8]3F M^[FT[W_=; 2I TZ[U"5=F 3F OZ:F\[B [TeZF\ 1O Qa43 HgQ %O. 'ZW &Wa W"JCZ5B D75Z +AZQ\ 3OZO DEBa XWj TX 3XBa XW [3 MX +AZQ\ (_O; BCZ H[F8L\ KZOB LP J&E HbLZFa HO O8\ :ZB\ XG 1O OZ:F\[B3 QZLJ"D; MZ 8]FZT 3F DfOZF OZ:F\[BeQ MZOZ &Wa ["MZU\Q [3MZ :Z W3BZ XGj [3W\ D75a 3Z $":ZL H^O; BOX %"3Z OXBZ XG 1O KZ5\DZOQ, (;+aO3 5[B[T[EMQ 1O W"DEUQ 3Z +WZOA, $ITZX IHQZFa :bW\ We8\-WL;\ ["MZ0" 3e 3>9 4ZW Qe5 $":ZL DEBa XWj JXOXZQ LeD; 3< OZ:F\[B3 3CZ $K\ :ZO; XGj (F3< OZI7;M LX;TZ3N^Z JHI= XG Qa:3F KZ:HZ 3F $3FQa JyLB [LQFa HO X; TX 3e' OZI7;M K^[L3Z [FKZ W3Ba XWj 8^":3 MX $K\ W"KT FX" 9D4BZ, LeD; $HF\ w[TEZ 3e DZU_[F3, %0MZ[;L3 MZ WZ9X[;M3 F:9OMa Wa DE4 W3Ba XWj LeD; Qa?; Lb3JaC 3F (W TZ1M HO :]5ZQ\ 3O W3Ba XW :e TX XZC Ee-Ee3O wXOZB\ OXB\ C\, A[L=, FZWH\=E DZ5! LV 3XB\ $, [L=!B l ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 33
JHg=QZ&= H'O[UI=
L M+D-U
[UTOZ: [W"X 8fXZF L] ML" \
sDM +DEU LP [T3ZW 3< Ba: O(BZO L
0M+DEU Fa [H9Qa 3>9 TVU LP [T3ZW 3F F, %MZL JCZ[HB [3, XWj +DEU F 3FTQ AJ\LZ|B OZ7M 3F 3Q"3 Wa (JOZ XG J[E3 Ba: 5[B Wa [T3ZW 3OFa TZQa OZ7M 3Z [4BZJ K\ XZ[WQ 3O 8]3Z XGj +DEU 3< [T3ZW DO, 3D[V DO 1O +[B GM[1B %M J'; XG TX" DEU\-[TDEU\ (Le5H[BMQ 3Z [FTaU 3< 0O z;ZF J'Z XGj TV_ 2013 B3 +DEU [J:Q\ (;HZDF LP %;L[FK_O JFFa 3< 0O $$WO XGj TX" 28 X:ZO [3.L\. W&3Q 3Z [FLOA :ZO; XGj L.+. 5a$ (HZ:_F LP B\WOE JCZF HO XG 1O QZ?Q\ QiL\ Me:FZ, 3>MZDZF Me:FZ, Ja=; J8Z0 $[KMZF 1O Qe3WaTZ +DZM 5ZO7=; Me:FZ LP vWOE +DEUQ 3F [Q, HC +DU_3 JFZ XGj OZ7M Fa '-5TFS>W 3F ^a2 LP $Fa3 H]OJ3ZO XZ[WQ [3, XWj
L0M+DEU 3< [T3ZW DO OZI7;M 1WB Wa 7MZDZ L0M+DEU Fa 5B B\F TVQ` LP DW +[BUB [T3ZW DO +Za 3O $K^BH^T_ WIQBZ XZ[WQ 3< XGj (EQa4F\M XG [3 MX T_[J WK\ Wa1=O LP y' XGj +DEU 3< [T3ZW DO LP +ZC[L3 ^a2 $COBh 3D[V 1O W"JJ ^a2Q 3Z LX;TH^A_ Me5DZF XGj 3D[V ^a2 LP 9.23 +[BUB 3< [T3ZW DO +Z?B 3< 5' XG :e [T5B 50 TVQ` 3F &[BXZW LP WTO[E3 XGj MX OZ7M 3F [3WZFQ 3< LaXFB 1O WO3ZO 3< vODU? F\[BMQ 3F H[OAZL Wa W"KT Xe W3Z XGj +DEU 3< MX (HQ[AE OZI7;M 1WB Wa 3X" $[E3 JaXBO XGj [TFeV >MZMZQM $[E[FML L.+. $J [JXZO 3F JZD vWOZ OZ7M XG :XZ" _I=Z8ZO Wa $[:_B W"H[_ 3e OZ:WZB 3OFa 3F 34 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
[Q, [TFeV >MZMZQMQ 3Z 5>F [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj [TFeV >MZMZQM $[E[FML 15 IOTO; Wa +KZTU\Q Xe 5MZ XGj &W $[E[FML Wa _I=Z8ZO 3F [4QZI L][XL 3e 1O K\ DC' %EZO +Z?B Xe W3F5Zj 3D[V 3H[JFa= L0M+DEU 3< $C_GMTJCZ 3Z L]2M %EZO 3D[V XGj 4aB\ 3e QZK 3Z E"EZ JFZFZ WO3ZO 3< (58 +ZC[L3BZ XGj &W\ (KEFM Wa ,3 $[KFT HXQ 3OBa y, +DEU LP 3D[V 3H[JFa= 3Z 5>F [3MZ 5MZj &W JZO 3Z J:= W2 &W LZMFa LP $Q5 Xe5Z 1MQ[3 &WLP 3D[V J:= $Q5 Wa +JB]B [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj WZC X; +DEU 3Z 3D[V WTM^A K\ HXQ\ JZO $Q5 Wa %H3F WL^ % OXZ XGj WO3ZO Fa ,3
-[BXZ[W3 HXQ 3OBa y, ,3 +[BUB AMZ: HO $EH3ZQ\F WX3ZO; *A (HQAE 3OZFZ +ZO7K 3O [DMZ XGj $K\ B3 27 QZ4 Wa $[E3 [3WZFQ 3e &W3Z QZK [LQZ XGj +DEU 3F WX3ZO; JV3Q MZOZ 2011-12 LP 6 X:ZO 690 3Oe& 3Z $EH3ZQ\F *A :FTO; LZX B3 [TB[OB 3O QiM Wa K\ $[E3 (HQ[AE XZ[WQ 3< XGj $5Qa TV_ 7 X:ZO 200 3Oe& |HMa 3F *A [TBOA 3Z QiM O4Z 5MZ XGj OZ7M UZWF MZOZ 3D[V %DZFQ 3< 5]AT_Z [FM"2A XEB] [FO7BO +MZW [3Ma :Z OXE XWj +DEU LP ([8B 5]AT_Z 3F +LZ[AB J\: 3< J'B\ y' LN5 3e DE4Ba y, J\: +W"J3OA XEB] J\: [F5L ,T" J\: (;HZD3 W[L[BMQ 3e W\? +eWa[W"5 M^[F= JCZ[HB 3OFa XEB] WXZMBZ +DZF 3< :Z OX; XGj J\: 3< W"H^A_ +DEU LP (HQAEBZ ,T" (;HZDF HO [FO7BO [F5OZF\ XEB] +DEU LP W\? [$? 3< JCZHFZ 3OFa 3Z [FA_M [QMZ 5MZ XGj +DEU LP [T[KB IWQQ 3F (;HZDF 1O (;HZD3BZ LP T_[J 3F [Q, FT\F B3F\3Q 3Z +Me5 ,3 $[KMZF 3F |H LP +ZO7K [3MZ 5MZ XGj EZF 3F ^a2 LP $[E3 (;HZDF XEB] ,W.%O.%'. HJ[B 3Z (HMe5 ,T" TVO 3< $[F[F8BBZ 3F 3ZOA XeFa TZQ\ IWQ XZ[F 3e 3L 3OFa 3F [Q, WeMZJ\F LP [O: ,T" IOe HJ[B 3F (HMe5 3Z $[KMZF +ZO7K [3MZ 5MZ XGj %[DTZW\ ^a2Q LP L13Z 3F (;HZDF LP T_[J XEB] W"3O L13Z 3F (HMe5 3Z [TFeV 3ZM_"L +ZO7K [3MZ 5MZ XGj 3D[V 3F (;HZDF ,T" (;HZD3BZ LP T_[J XEB] 3D[V M"2\3OA 3< LXB\ %TFM3BZ 3e 0MZF LP O4Ba y, +;Ma3 [:Qa 3F 3D[V M"2\3OA 3ZM_`L 3Z [FEOOA [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj 3J=L XZM[O75 3< F' Me:FZ +ZO7K 3< :Z OX; XG [:WLP JV3 *A Wa 3D[V M"2 "M [3Ma :Z W3F"5aj WO3ZO MZOZ &W HO $F]DZF [DMZ :Z,5Zj 3DV3Q 3e OZWZM[F3 (T_O3 WLM HO (HQAE 3OZFa 3F [Q, OZ7M UZWF +[BJJ XGj &W\ (KEFM Wa 4O;I 1O OJ\ LfWL 3F H^T_ HMO?B LZ2Z LP (T_O3Q 3Z $[$L K"?ZOA LZ3aIF? ,T" +ZC[L3 3D[V WZ4 WX3ZO; W[L[BMQ LP 3OFa 3Z LX;TH^A_ [FA_M [QMZ 5MZ XGj &W3F $QZTZ ,3 $>M LX;TH^A_ [FA_M LP TFTZW\ HhZEZ[OMQ 3e L"?; W[L[B 3F 8]FZT LP LBDZBZ 3F |H LP UZ[LQ 3OFa 1O XCLZQQ BCZ B]QZT[=MQ 3e LBZ[E3ZO DEBa y, (F3F
+[B[F[E;T 3F [QMa L.+. 3D[V (H: L"?; $[E[FML 1972 LP W"UeEF [3MZ 5MZ XGj WO3ZO MZOZ 5ax7 3F WLC_F L^EM HO 100 zHMa +[B [1T"=Q 1O EZF 3F WLC_F L^EM HO H8ZW |HMa +[B [1T"=Q 3Z JeFW DEFZ 4aB\ 3e IZMDE 3Z E"EZ JFZFa 3F W"3EH 3Z X; [XJWZ XGj &W WZQ 3O;J 50 QZ4 L\[73 =F 5ax7 3Z (HZ:_F 3O XLZOZ +DEU DEU 3F B\F $$A\ OZ7MQ LP UZ[LQ y% XGj 5ax7 HO 3O;J HZ"8 Wf 3Oe& 3Z JeFW OZ7M WO3ZO Fa $HF\ 0O Wa [DMZ XGj ,3 1O $[KFT HXQ 3OBa y, DEU LP HXQ\ JZO MX OZ[U W\Ea [3WZFQ 3F 4ZBa LP :LZ 3< 5' XGj &W W\:F LP WLC_F L^EM HO EZF 3< 3O;J 9 QZ4 L\[73 =F 4O;D 3< 5' XG :e JTM" LP ,3 3<[B_LZF XGj HU]EF [T3ZW +DEU LP +CL JZO HU]EF [T3ZW F\[B QZ5^ 3< 5' XGj HU] [8[3;WZ W][TEZ 3L QZ5B LP HU]HZQ3Q 3F 6O B3 H#8ZFa 3F [QMa '-Ta= H[OMe:FZ U]| 3< :Z OX; XGj &W TV_ Wa DEU\ FJQ 3< 5ZMQ 3F HZQF 3e J'ZTZ DEFa 3F [Q,
5eHZQ H]OJ3ZO Me:FZ +ZO7K 3< 5' XGj &W TV_ 3F H]OJ3ZO JZ"=E K\ :Z 8]3F XWj XZQ X; LP Lx, O;TZ, KeHZQ, :JQH]O 1O L]OGFZ LP HU]HZQF [TeZF 3Z [MTV?M [??QeLZ HZ>3"L U]| [3MZ 5MZ XGj &WWa Oe:5ZO 3F ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 35
WZC HU]EF 3F DE4KZQ LP K\ LDD [LQa5\j :IUOLbF "F[?= 3Z?` WO3ZO [3WZFQ 3< BOX L9=%OQ 3e K\ ,3 +[BUB AMZ: HO *A (HQAE 3OZ OX; XGj &W TV_ 6 X:ZO Wa $[E3 :IUOLbF "F[?= 3Z?` JFZ, :Z 8]3F XWj HXQa MX 3Z?` :Q^a2 3F HhZEZO; L9=%OQ 3e X; (HQAE CZ, $J &W3Z DZMOZ J'ZMZ 5MZ XGj LXZW"6 3F :QZUMQ LP 3ZM_OB L9=%OQ 3e K\ ,3 +[BUB AMZ: DO Wa "F[?= 3Z?` (HQAE 3OZ, :Z,75aj $F]W^[8B :Z[B 1O :F:Z[B 3< H":\3DB W[L[BMQ 3e [LQFa TZQ\ 1O L;JMHZQF 3< WXZMBZ $J HO7HOZ5B 1O WZLZ>M :Z[B 3F L9=%OQ 3e K\ WLZF |H Wa +Z?B Xe5\j L;JMHZQF 3F ^a2 3e J'ZTZ DEFa 3F [Q, L0M+DEU HU] [8[3;WZ [TeZF LXZ[TLZQM :JQH]O LP L;JM [TeZF 3< H_C3 UZ4Z 4eQ\ :Z,5\j (LZ[F3< IWQP IQ HfEQ 3< 5]AT_Z W][F[F8B 3OFa 3F [Q, 1O [F:\ OfH[AMQ HO [FM"2A XEB] +DEU LP FW_O; ,1= ,T" (W3F [FMLF QZ5^ 3O [D, 5, XWj &W $[E[FML 3F QZ5^ XeFa 3F (HONB (LZ[F3< Wa W"J"[EB IQ HfEQ 3< 5]AT_Z LP W]EZO Xe5Zj WO3ZO Fa IQ, W[A:MQ ,T" IAQQ 3< IWQQ 3F (;HZD3 3DV3Q 3e OZXB DEFa 3F [Q, &F (;HZD3Q 3e L"?; $[E[FML 3< H[O[E Wa JZXO O4Fa 3Z +ZTEZF [3MZ XGj 3DV3 $J L"?; 3F JZXO K\ &F3Z [T"M 3O W3Ba XWj &W +ZTEZF 3F 3ZOA (;HZD3 ,T" [T"FBZ 3F L0M W\EZ W"J"E JCZ[HB Xe W3F5Zj +DEU LP (LZ[F3< BCZ 4ZL +W"J3OA 3e J'ZTZ DEFa 3F [Q, BCZ [F:\ KZ5\DZO; Wa (Le5Q 3< JCZHFZ XEB] (LZ[F3< 1O 4ZL +W"J3OA 3F [Q, K^[L BCZ KTF %J"=F [FML 2011 QZ5^ [3MZ 5MZ XGj &WWa +DEU LP 4ZL +W"J3OA (Le5 3F [FTaU 3e %3[V_B 3OFa LP WXZMBZ +Z?B Xe5\ BCZ (;HZD3Q 3e $59Z L^EM +Z?B Xe W3F5Zj L9=% H"8ZMB WO3ZO MZOZ WLZ: 3F XO BJ3F 3F WZC W"TZD 3O F\[B 1O [FA_MQ LP (F3< KZ5\DZO; 3Z $[KFT 3ZM_ [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj L]2ML"2\ [FTZW HO [TLZC? 1O HC HO
JHg=QZ&= H'O[UI= [-3M 3OFa TZQa 1O XZC>EQZ TZQQ 3< H"8ZMBQ 3F JZD XZQ X; LP L9=% H"8ZMB W"HB y' XGj +MZW MX [3MZ :Z OXZ XG [3 H"8ZMBQ LP y, [FA_MQ 3e U\6h $LQ LP QZMZ :Z,j J][FMZD; [T3ZW OZ7M 3F J][FMZD; [T3ZW LP W&3, [J:Q\, HZF\ 3F ^a2Q LP yMa 3ZMQ` 3< $XL K^[L3Z XGj WO3ZO &>XQ Q5ZBZO +ZC[L3BZ DE OX; XGj [H9Qa HZ"8 TVQ` LP Q5K5 17 X:ZO [3QeL\=O W&3Q 3Z [FLOA/(>FMF +DEU LP [3MZ 5MZ XGj +DEU 3F De W"KZ5\M L]2MZQMQ 3e OZ:EZF\ Wa 8ZO QaF W&3 MZOZ :e&Z :Z 8]3Z XGj +DEU 3F 48 [:QQ 3e De QaF W&3 Wa :e&Z 5MZ XGj TV_ 2011-12 LP 3885 [3QeL\=O Q"JZ' 3< W&3Q 3Z [FLOA 3Z 3ZM_ XZC LP [QMZ 5MZ XGj &WLP Wa 2925 [3.L\. W&3Q 3Z [FLOA MZ (>FMF H^OZ K\ Xe 8]3Z XGj &W3F $QZTZ L0M +DEU W&3 [T3ZW [F5L MZOZ WZ'E WeQX X:ZO 3Oe& zHMa 3< QZ5B Wa 6690 [3QeL\=O Q"JZ' 3< [T[KB W&3Q 1O W&3 $EeO8FZ 3Z 3ZM_ XZC LP [QMZ 5MZ XGj HZ"8 Wf Wa 3L %JZD; TZQa 5NTQ 3e L]2ML"2\ $ZL W&3 Me:FZ LP H13< W&3Q Wa :e&Fa 3Z 3ZM_ +ZO7K Xe 5MZ XGj &W Me:FZ 3F $>B5_B B\F X:ZO H]Q-H][QMZ 1O 288 [3QeL\=O W&3 JF 8]3< XGj :FTO; 2012 B3 11 X:ZO [3QeL\=O W&3Q 3Z Ha8 [OHaMO 3ZM_ H^OZ [3MZ :Z 8]3Z XGj $5Qa TV_ 4 X:ZO [3QeL\=O LZ5_ [FLOA/(>FMF 3Z QiM XGj [TL]B (;HZDF L0M+DEU LP [TL]B (;HZDF J'ZFa, 7Z"W[LUF QZ&FQ 3< ^LBZ J'ZFa 1O [TL]B [TBOA Fa=T3a 3e L:J^B JFZFa 3Z 3ZM_ Ba:\ Wa [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj OZ7M LP 5NTQ 1O UXOQ LP [FJOE [J:Q\ %H^[B_ 3F [QMa 3O;J 12 X:ZO 3Oe& |HMa 3F 3ZM_ 3OZ, :Z OXE XWj WO3ZO 3< WTT58 +ZC[L3BZ0" LP $ZL\A ^a2 LP 24 6"=E 6OEQ^ 1O 3D[V 3ZMQ` 3F [QMa 8 6"=E [J:Q\ +DZM 3OFa 3F [QMa I<?O $Q5 3OFa 3< LX;TZ3Z"^\ Me:FZ UZ[LQ XGj OZ7M 3F 11 3F.T\. 6 X:ZO Wa $[E3 I<?OQ 3F $Q5 3OFa 3Z 3ZM_ [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj [TL]B XZ[FMQ LP +[BTV_ 3 +[BUB 3< 3L! QZFa 3< 3e[UU 3< :Z OX; XGj [TL]B (;HZDF 3< $[B9O1B ^LBZ 3< [DUZ LP K\ WO3ZO B;HOBZH^T_3 3ZM_ 3O OX; XGj 1200 La5ZTZ= 3< [W"5Z:\ BZH [TL]B 36 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
H[OMe:FZ 1O WBH]&Z BZH [TL]B 5_X WZOF\ LP 500 La5ZTZ= 3< [TJBZO &3Z' 3Z 3ZM_ +5[B HO XGj &W3F $QZTZ [W"5Z:\ BZH [TL]B H[OMe:FZ 3F [MB\M 8OA LP W]HO [`=;3Q B3F\3 HO %EZ[OB 1320 La5ZTZ= ^LBZ 3< [TL]B H[OMe:FZ 3< JCZHFZ 3< 3ZO`TZ' +ZOCK 3O D; 5' XGj &W\ +3ZO L0M+DEU HZTO :FOE[=75 3CHF\ 1O J\.,8.'.,Q. 3F W"M]1B (H"L DZDZ E^F\TZQa 4"?TZ HgTO [Q[L=E? MZOZ 1600 La5ZTZ= ^LBZ 3< BZH [TL]B H[OMe:FZ 3< 3ZO`TZ' K\ U]| Xe 5' XGj [F:\ ^a2 3e +e;WZXF DEFa 3F [QMa ,3 F\[B K\ JFZM\ 5M\ XGj 52 [F:\ 3CH[FMQ MZOZ OZ7M WO3ZO 3F WZC [TL]B H[OMe:FZ W"J"E\ 3OZO [3Ma 5, XWj FT5[>B FT\F ,T" FT3OA\M ):O [TKZ5 3F $"B5_B +DEU LP B\F F' F\[BMZ"- HTF ):O H[OMe:FZ F\[B, Q6] :Q [TL]B H[OMe:FZ F\[B ,T" JZMeLZW %EZ[OB [TL]B H[OMe:FZ F\[BMZ" [FEO[OB 3< 5' XWj HTF ):O Wa 268 La5ZTZ= ^LBZ 3F W"M"2 JCZ[HB XW ,T" 250 La5ZTZ= ^LBZ 3F HTF ):O W"M"2 JCZ[HB 3OFa 3Z QiM XGj JZMeLZW %EZ[OB [TL]B 3F 250 La5ZTZ= ^LBZ 3F BCZ Q6] :Q [TL]B H[OMe:FZ0" 3F 100 La5ZTZ= ^LBZ 3F W"M"2 JCZ[HB 3OFa 3Z QiM XGj WfO ):O Wa [TL]B (;HZDF 3F [QMa +DEU LP 750 La5ZTZ= ^LBZ 3< H[OMe:FZMP H":\3DB y' XWj &F H[OMe:FZ0" 3< JCZHFZ Wa +DEU LP Q5K5 15000 3Oe& |HMa 3Z [FTaU W"KZ[TB XG [:FWa [TL]B (;HZDF 3< ^LBZ LP T_[J 3F WZC-WZC JCZF\M Oe:5ZO K\ [T3[WB XQ5aj +DEU LP 450 Wa $[E3 $ZLQ 3Z FT3OA\M ):O .eBe Wa [TL]B\3OA [3MZ :Z OXZ XG [:WWa 40000 Wa $[E3 H[OTZO QZKZ[>TB XQ5aj $"[BL 9eO 3F [3WZF3 B3 [W"8Z' W][TEZ +DEU LP HXQ\ JZO 3' H[OMe:FZ0" Wa FXOQ 3F $"[BL 9eO HO JWa [3WZFQ B3 HZF\ H#8ZFa LP WIQBZ [LQ\ XGj MX; FX" OJ\ 2011 3F [QMa HXQ\ JZO 16 QZ4 XE1=EMO ^a2 LP [W"8Z' 3< 5' XG :e ,3 3<[B_LZF XGj W"3EH 2010 3F $F]WZO OZ7M LP 8ZO TV_ LP WZ'E WZB QZ4 XE1=EMO ^a2 LP $[B9O1B [W"8Z' ^LBZ [F[L_B 3OFa 3Z QiM BM [3MZ 5MZ XGj $J B3 3O;J 4 QZ4 XE1=EMO $[B9O1B [W"8Z' ^LBZ [F[L_B Xe 8]3< XGj :Q W"WZEF, FL_DZ 6Z=; [T3ZW 3F WZC 3[HQEZOZ Me:FZ &WLP WXZM3 JFa XWj 5B TV_ 415 1O &W TV_ 9DW"JO LZX B3 258 Q6] Me:FZ,7 H^A_ 3< 5' XWj :Q W"WZEF
[TKZ5 3F $>B5_B WK\ [FLOAZE\F T_XD 1O L0ML H[OMe:FZ,7 OJ\ 2013 3F HXQa H^O; 3OFa 3F [QMa WO3ZO WLMJJ 3ZM_"L JFZ3O 3ZM_ 3O OX; XGj FL_DZ 6Z=; H[OMe:FZ0" LP $J B3 3O;J 6 QZ4 89 X:ZO XE1=EMO [W"8Z' ^LBZ [F[L_B Xe 5' XGj $5Qa LZQ\ WZQ LP 3FTQ FL_DZ 6Z=; T_XD H[OMe:FZ0" Wa 55 X:ZO XE1=EMO $[B[O1B [W"8Z' ^LBZ [F[L_B 3< :Z,5\ 1O 2 QZ4 XE1=EMO O3Ja 3e TZJB[T3 [W"8Z' (HQAE 3OZ' :ZMa5\j WO3ZO H[OMe:FZ0" 3F 3LZ"? ^a2 LP KZ5\DZO
[W"8Z' +J"EF GMTJCZ UB-+[BUB QZ5^ 3OE5\j [W"8Z' :Q 3F WL][8B (HMe5 3F [QMa OZ7M LZ&"e &O;5aUF [LUF +ZO7K 3OFa 3Z [FA_M [QMZ 5MZ XGj ZL\A JWZX=3 LP :Q %H^[B_ OZ7M 3< $ZL\A JWZX=Q LP $J 45 3F JCZF HO 55 Q\=O +[B GM[1B 3F LZF Wa :Q %H^[B_ 3< [DUZ LP 3ZO`TZ' 3< :Z OX; XGj WK\ JWZX=Q LP 500 L\=O 3< H[O[E LP HaM:Q .eB (HQAE 3OZFa 3Z QiM O4Z 5MZ XGj 9DW"JO LZX B3 DW X:ZO Wa $[E3 JWZX=Q LP
HaM:Q GMTJCZ 3F 3ZM_ [3Ma 5, XWj HZ"8 Wf Wa $[E3 :FW"2MZ TZQa $ZLQ LP L]2ML"2\ HaM:Q Me:FZ 3F BXB $J B3 1291 $ZLQ 3< Me:FZ,7 H^O; 3< :Z 8]3< XWj 3>9 LP 3ZM_ [FO>BO 8Q OXE XWj [F:\ ^a2 3< KZ5\DZO; Wa :Q +DZM Me:FZ0" 3F ["MZ>TMF 3Z HO;^A [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj FL_DZ FD; .eB HO %EZ[OB 3 [:QQ 3< HaM:Q %H^[B_ Me:FZ 3< ,3 ?;.H\.%O. JFZ' 5' XGj ;ZJ]% [:Qa 3< ,3 WL^X Me:FZ 3F [F:\ KZ5\DZO; Wa W"8ZQF 1O W"EZOA 3F [QMa [F[TDZ J]QZFa 3< 3ZO`TZ' 3<
:Z OX; XGj FL_DZ 3Z :Q OZ:EZF\ KeHZQ B3 Q5K5 68 [3QeL\=O QCJ\ HZ&H QZ&F 3F LZ0ML Wa UZX5": Wa Hy78ZMZ 5MZ XGj &W Me:FZ LP KeHZQ F5O 3< TV_ 2022 LP 27.5 QZ4 zHZ"[3B :FW"2MZ 3F [QMa 185 ,L.,Q.?;. $[B[O1B :Q +DZM 3< GMTJCZ 3< :Z OX; XGj &W LX;TZ3Z"^\ Me:FZ Wa KeHZQ F5O LP HaM:Q %H^[B_ +ZOCK 3< :Z 8]3< XGj H=TZ[OMQ 3< K_? 3e HZODU? ,T" [FIH^ JFZFa 3F [QMa H=TZO; HO;^Z 2FQZ&F 3< :Z OX; XGj ,3 3Oe& 10 QZ4 55 X:ZO Wa $[E3 [XB$Z[XMQ 3e FT\F ,3<3DB ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 37
K^-$[E3ZO ,T" *A-H][JB3Z,7 L]@B D; 5M\ XWj FZLZ"BOA +3OAQ 3F [FOZ3OA LP Ba:\ QZM\ 5M\ XGj 3>Q 1181 F1UZ[TX;F 5NTQ LP Wa 740 5Z!TQ 3F F1Ua 1O $[KQa4 BbMZO [3Ma :Z 8]3F XWj Q5K5 WZ'E 34 X:ZO 3e=TZOQ 3e WZ&[3Q D; 5M\ XGj WaTZ K^[L TZQa 14 X:ZO Wa $[E3 3e=TZOQ 3e "F[?=3Z?` [DMa 5Ma XWj :F3\ Me:FZ LP Q5K5 32 X:ZO 3e=TZOQ 3Z J\LZ 3OTZMZ 5MZ XGj H"8 HOLa.TO Me:FZ $ZLQ 3Z WL$BZ LP [T3ZW BK\ W"KT XG :J WLJMZ0" 3F D;6_3ZQ\F 1O JCZ' XQ 4e:a :Z,7j WO3ZO &W\ [DUZ LP 3ZM_ 3O OX; XGj $K\ XZQ X; LP QZ5^ 3< 5' AH"8 HOLaFTOB Me:FZ 3Z QiM 5Z"TQ 3< %;L [FK_OBZ XGj $J H"8ZMBQ 3e %JZD; 3F LZF Wa Me:FZ0" 3< OZ[U ,3<3DB 3O [DMZ :ZFZ +ZO7K [3MZ 5MZ XGj &W HXQ 3Z GMZH3 JTZ5B Xe OXZ XGj L] ML" \ ZL\A %TZW [LUF +DEU 3F %TZWX;F MZ 358a L3ZFQ LP OXFa TZQa $ZL\AQ 3e H13F %TZW L]XGMZ 3OZFa 3F [QMa AL]2ML"2\ $ZL\A %TZW [LUFB +ZO7K [3MZ 5MZ XGj MX H^O; BOX Wa LZ"5 %EZ[OB ,3 JTKZ5\DZO; *A WX $F]DZF Me:FZ XGj &WLP B\W X:ZO |HMa 3Z UZW3<M $F]DZF +[B %TZW (HQAE 3OZMZ :Z OXZ XGj *A +DZF 3OFa 3F [QMa 9X OZbf\M3DB JV3Q 3F WZC ,L0M^ [3Ma 5Ma XWj +DEU 3F WLJB [:QQ LP MX Me:FZ QZ5^ Xe OX; XGj +ZO7[K3 BfO HO ,3 QZ4 %TZWQ 3F [FLOA 3Z QiM O4Z 5MZ XGj L]2ML"2\ $>;MeDM [T3ZW Me:FZ 3F BXB W2X Wf Wa $[E3 $F]W^[8B :Z[B ,T" :F:Z[B H[OTZOQ 3F [QMa %TZWQ 3Z [FLOA K\ [3MZ 5MZ XGj $5Qa TV_ &7[DOZ %TZW Me:FZ LP 3O;J 76 X:ZO 1O L]2ML"2\ $>;MeDM %TZW Me:FZ LP 5 X:ZO %TZWQ 3Z [FLOA $F]W^[8B :Z[B 1O :F:Z[B 3F H[OTZOQ 3F [QMa [3MZ :ZMa5Zj TFTZW\ W"TE_F Me:FZ L0M+DEU H^OE DEU LP -WZ HXQZ OZ7M XG [:WLP LXZ;LZ 5Z"E\ OZbf\M $ZL\A Oe:5ZO 3ZM_"L 3F BXB :ZJ 3Z?`EZO; 3[L3Q MZOZ [3Ma :ZFa TZQa 3ZM_ (=ZJ3) 3ZM_ WLM 1O 5[B $0MMF 3F LZ0ML Wa M][1B3OA 3O Q5K5 20 Wa 25 +[BUB $[E3 HZ[O3[L3 [DMa :ZFa 3Z +ZTEZF [3MZ XGj TF $[E3ZO $[E[FML 3F BXB HhZEZO3Q 3F [QMa LXZ;LZ 5Z"E\ FOE5Z 3<
JHg=QZ&= H'O[UI= (HMe:FZ ATFTZW\ W"TE_FB QZ5^ 3< 5' XWj &W Me:FZ 3F BXB (F3< K^[L 3Z [T3ZW 1O [W"8Z' W][TEZ (HQAE 3OZ' :ZMa5\j Q5K5 1.43 QZ4 HhaEZ[OMQ 3e %5ZL\ De TVQ` LP &W Me:FZ 3Z QZK [DMZ :ZMa5Zj L0M+DEU Wa +aOAZ Qa3O H^OE DEU 3F TF HhaEZ[OMQ 3F [QMa KZOB WO3ZO Fa &Wa QZ5^ [3MZ XGj $ZL H"8ZMB3 3Z 3C?M^=O;3OA +DEU LP WK\ $ZL H"8ZMBQ 3F 3C?M^=O;3OA 3< Me:FZ HO 3ZM_ 8Q OXZ XGj +DEU LP 3>UZKZ) >Z3OE Me:FZ 3F BXB JF OXE 2776 $ZL H"8ZMB KTFQ LP '-H"8ZMB 3^ JF OXE XWj (F $ZL H"8ZMBQ LP :XZ" H]OZFa KTF XW, W\ @Z' X:ZO Wa $[E3 H"8ZMBQ LP ,3 $[B[O1B 3^ K\ &W\ TV_ JFZ, :Z OXE XWj F5O3 3Z W"B][QB [T3ZW $ZLQ 3F WZC F5OQ 3Z W"B][QB [T3ZW WO3ZO 3< +ZC[L3BZ0" LP UZ[LQ XGj 110 UXOQ 3F [W=; ?ETQHLP= ?QZF BbMZO [3Ma :Z3O $"5\3DB Xe 8]3F XWj FeV F5OQ 3F -Wa X; ?QZF TV_ 2013 B3 H^OZ [3Ma :ZFa 3Z QiM XGj KeHZQ 1O &7DfO LP La7e OEQ 8QZFa 3F [QMa [I[:[J[Q=; WTM 3ZM_ [3MZ 5MZ XGj WZC X; +DEU 3F LXZF5OQ LP Qe-@QeO JWP 8QZFZ U]| [3MZ 5MZ XGj :TZXOQZQ FaX| $J_F [O>M^$Q [LUF 3F BXB WZ'E 8ZQ\W X:ZO %TZW [FLOA 3F [T[KB 8OAQ LP XWj WLZ: 3F 3L:eO T5Q` LP UZ[LQ WZ'E 8ZO X:ZO [O1UZ
8ZQ3Q 1O 25 XZC>EQZ 8QZFa TZQQ 3e JV3Q 3F LZ0ML Wa [T_\M WXZMBZ +DZF 3< 5' XGj UXO3 LP FM\ Me:FZ,7 WO3ZO $5Qa TV_ Wa UXOQ LP F' Me:FZ,7 QZ5^ 3OE5\j &FLP UXOQ 3F W][FMe[:B [T3ZW 3F [QMa L]2ML"2\ $EeW"O8FZ [T3ZW Me:FZ, L]2ML"2\ UXO; HaM:Q Me:FZ, L]2ML"2\ F5O;M JT59BZ [LUF 1O UXO; 5O;JQ 3F [QMa L]2ML"2\ %TZW Me:FZ UZ[LQ XGj &FLP L]2M |H Wa HaM:Q, W&3, MZBZMZB 1O F5O;M H]F|JZO 3F [QMa OZ7M UZWF MZOZ $F]DZF [DMZ :Z,5Zj &W3F $QZTZ +DEU 3F H]OZB;T, EZ[L_3 1O HM_=F 3< DC[b Wa +[WJ UXOQ W[XB $>M 9e=E F5OQ 3F [T3ZW 3< Me:FZ K\ $5Qa TV_ Wa $LQ LP QZ' :ZMa5\j [W"XJC 2016 3< BbMZ[OMQ 3< [DUZ LP K\ LaO; WO3ZO Fa 3ZM_ 3OFZ +ZO7K 3O [DMZ XGj Ja=; J8Z0 $[KMZF WZLZ[:3 ^a2 3< Me:FZ,7 LaO; WO3ZO 3< -W\ +ZC[L3BZ,7 XW [:F3F ["MZ>TMF 3F [QMa WO3ZO [FO>BO +M;FU\Q XGj QZ?Q\ QiL\, L]2ML"2\ 3>MZDZF Me:FZ 3F JZD OZ7M WO3ZO ,3 1O WZLZ[:3 HXQ 3e OZbfGMZH\ LZ>MBZ [LQ\ XGj Q5ZBZO 6=Ba [Q"5ZF]HZB 3F DC[b5B AJa=; J8Z0 $[KMZFB 3e WLZ: 3F XO BJ3F 1O +DEU 3F XO 3eFa Wa WLC_F [LQ OXZ XGj
38 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
$=Q [JXZO; TZ:HaM\ JZQ %Oe3M ,T" HeVA [LUF OZbf\M HeVA W"JCZF XGDOZJZD MZOZ [3Ma 5Ma $0MMF LP MX HZMZ 5MZ XG [3 OZ7M LP 3>HeVA 1O 5"K\O 3>HeVA DeFQ LP (EQa4F\M 3L\ %' XGj [IO K\ &W 3Q"3 3e WLZa 3OFa 3F [QMa [LUF Le? LP 3ZL 3OFa 3< %TFM3BZ XGj $=Q [JXZO; TZ:HaM\ JZQ %Oe3M ,T" HeVA [LUF 3Z 5>F &W\ (KEFM 3e Qa3O [3MZ 5MZ XGj MXN MX 3XFZ %TFM3 XG [3 &F WK\ +MZWQ LP :FBZ 1O WLZ: 3Z WXMe5 JyB :|O; XGj WL$ WZLZ[:3 W]O^Z 3ZM_"L WZLZ[:3 W]O^Z 3< WK\ Me:FZ0" 3F QZK Ba:\ 1O %WZF\ Wa W]QK 3OTZFa 3F [QMa AWL$ WZLZ[:3 W]O^Z 3ZM_"LB BbMZO [3MZ 5MZ XGj [FU1B:FQ 3F [QMa UZW3<M [TKZ5Q LP HD %O[^B [3Ma 5Ma XWj WL$ H]FTOW 3F (KEFM Wa JHU_ $[KMZF LP WZ'E %> QZ4 [FU1B [8[>XB [3Ma 5Ma XWj &FLP Wa 7 QZ4 15 X:ZO 3e +LZA-H2 DEFa 3F WZC X; ,3 QZ4 Wa 7MZDZ 3e 3D[2L $"5 [DMa 5Ma XWj WZT_:[F3 [TBOA +AZQ\ WZT_:[F3 [TBOA +AZQ\ 3e +KZT\ JFZFa 3F [QMa OZUF w3ZFQ B3 OZUF H#8ZFa TZQa TZXFQ 3< [F5OZF\ 3F [QMa :\H\,W 7E[385 GMTJCZ QZ5^ 3< :Z OX; XGj 5O;J\ OE4Z 3F F\8a 3F [XB$Z[XMQ 3F OZUF-3Z?Q` 3Z [?[:=Z&:aUF 3ZM_ H^OZ Xe 5MZ XGj XODZ,
XeU"5ZJZD, 4:?TZ, J]OXZFH]O, DETZW 1O UZ:ZH]O LP JgMeLa[73 H":\MF 3Z 3ZM_ Xe 5MZ XGj XeU"5ZJZD 1O XODZ LP LZ8_ LZX Wa JZO3e?E? IA? 3AHF Wa (HKe1BZ0" 3e OZUF WZL$\ D; :ZMa5\j $5Qa ,3 WZQ LP MX GMTJCZ H^OE +DEU LP QZ5^ 3OFa 3Z +MZW XGj [U^Z [U^Z, [TFeV3O 5]AT_ZH^A_ [U^Z 3< [DUZ LP Q5ZBZO +;MFU\Q XGj +DEU 3F Ff^[A3 |H Wa [H9&E 201 [T3ZW4"?3 LP Lg?Q J3AQ W"8Z[QB [3Ma :Z OXE XWj OZ7M 3F UZW3<M J3AQ3 Wa DWT 3^Z LP (_\A_ +[BKZUZQ\ [TLZ[C_M3 3F [QMa W]HO 50 Me:FZ +ZO7K 3< 5M\ XGj &>XQ 11 T 1O 12 T LP $0MMF 3F WZC GMZTWZ[M3 W"JCZF3 LP +TaU 3F [QMa [TFeV +[U^A [DMZ :ZMa5Zj %'.%'.=;., [8[3;WZ [U^Z 1O 8Z=`? ,3Z(>=Q= :bWa HZ>3"L &WLP UZ[LQ XWj &W TV_ 603 LZ0M[L3 UZQZ0" 3Z XZ'J3AQ LP 1O 160 XZ'J3AQ3 3Z FT\F (>FB XZMO Wa3F"5; [TLZQM3 LP (>FMF [3MZ 5MZj &W TV_ GMZTWZ[M3 HO;^Z L"?Q Fa 82 X:ZO W"[TDZ [U^33 3F [QMa +DEU 3< WJWa J&; HO;^Z W"H>F 3< XGj XZ'J3AQ 1O LZ0M[L3 [TLZQM3 LP K\ WZ'E BaOX X:ZO Wa K\ $[E3 [U^3<M HD JT\3DB [3Ma 5Ma XWj [FU]E3 WZ&[3QP &W JZO JZ[Q3Z0" 3F WZC JZQ33 3e K\ D; 5Nj L0M+DEU DEU 3F (F OZ7M3 LP XG :XZ" (58 [U^Z LP OZbfh\M W3Q H":\MF $F]HZB 15 Wa $[E3 16.9 +[BUB +Za [3MZ 5MZ XGj +DEU LP 32 FMa LXZ[TLZQM 1O 7 FMa $UZW3<M [TFT[TLZQM +ZO7K yMa XWj DEU 3Z [X>D; 3Z HXQZ [TFT[TLZQM H^T_ +EZFL"2\ 1O +4O [X>D; WaT3 3\ $=Q [JXZO; TZ:HaM\ 3F FZL Wa 1O LXZOZ:Z 92WZQ J]"DEQ4"? [TFT[TLZQM U\6h +ZO7K Xe OXE XWj LXZ[TLZQM3 LP 141 FMa Oe:5ZOL^Q3 [TVM +ZO7K 3OFa 3< $F]L[B D; 5' XGj (58 [U^Z 3F ^a2 LP 2011-12 3e 5]AT_Z TV_ 6e[VB [3MZ 5MZj &W3F [QMa ,CJaW?O +Z0MZH3 Me:FZ QZ5^ 3< 5'j +DEU LP ,3Q +FF H2 +AZQ\ 3e QZ5^ [3MZ 5MZ XGj 3fUQ [T3ZW M]TZ0" LP 3fUQ [T3ZW ,3 1O -WZ ^a2 XG [:W3F JZOE LP L0M+DEU WO3ZO W][T8Z[OB 1O Me:FZJJ +MZW 3O OX; XGj +DEU WO3ZO Fa OZ7MJBO;M 3fUQ [T3ZW [LUF 3F BXB 113 [T3ZW4"?3 LP 3fUQ [T3ZW 3R) JCZ[HB [3Ma XWj &F 3R)3 LP JCZF\M LZ"5,
JTOe:5ZO 3F $TWO 1O (Le53 3< %TFM3BZ 3F $F]WZO +[U^A [DMZ :ZMa5Zj &W TV_ WZB [H9&E ^a23 LP FMa HgQ\=E[1F3 LXZ[TLZQM 1O OZ7M LP 3>Q 135 FT\F %'.=;.%'. +ZO7K [3Ma 5Maj &WLP 6 %'.=;.%'. [TFeV |H Wa [T3QZ"5 3fUQ (>FMF 3F XWj &W3F $QZTZ OZ:\T 5Z"E\ +fLe[53< [TFT[TLZQM MZOZ ,3 JTZM_ HgQ\=E[1F3 LXZ[TLZQM K\ JCZ[HB [3MZ 5MZ XGj L[XQZ0" 3< B3F\3< [U^Z LP KZ5\DZO; J'ZFa 3F [QMa +DEU 3F 38 HgQ\=E[1F3 LXZ[TLZQM3 LP 50 W\=O L[XQZ 9Z2ZTZW JCZ[HB [3Ma :Z OXE XWj &W3F $QZTZ 3' [T[Ub Me:FZ,7 K\ B3F\3< [U^Z 3F ^a2 LP (HMe5 3< :Z OX; XWj 3fUQ [T3ZW 3< %5ZL\ Me:FZ0" 3F BXB $5Qa TV_ Wa [:QZ L]2MZQM [JCB 50 %'.=;.%' 3Z %DU_ %'.=;.%' LP (>FMF [3MZ :ZMa5Zj F1WQ +KZ[TB JZQZ6Z= [:Qa 3F $ZL HZQ?35O; LP %'.=;.%'. 1O [JOWZ 1O HZOWTZ&Z LP 3fUQ [T3ZW 3R) +ZO7K [3Ma :ZMP5aj %5ZL\ TV3` LP :FKZ5\DZO; Le? LP FMa HgQ\=E[1F3 LXZ[TLZQM JCZ[HB 3OFa 3< Me:FZ HO K\ 3ZO`TZ' 3< :ZMa5\j $F]W^[8B :Z[B, :F:Z[B T5_ 3Z [T3ZW L.+. 3< ,3 [BXZ' Wa $[E3 %JZD; $F]W^[8B :Z[B 1O :F:Z[B T5_ 3< XGj (F3Z WL$ [T3ZW WO3ZO 3Z W"3EHJJ +MZW XGj $F]W^[8B :Z[B T5_ 3F [TLZ[C_M3 3F [QMa W"8Z[QB 9Z2ZTZW3 LP &W TV_ ,3 X:ZO ,3 W\=3 3< T_[J 3< 5' XGj &W T5_ 3F 9Z23 3e [LQFa TZQ\ [UIMT_[_ 3e L^EM W^83Z"3 Wa :e&Z 5MZ XGj 3>MZ [U^Z +e;WZXF Me:FZ 3F BXB @Z' QZ4 Wa $[E3 JZ[Q3Z0" 3e 2 X:ZO 343 QZ4 3< OZ[U [TB[OB 3< 5' XGj 3^Z 1 Wa 10 B3 $0MMFOB $F]W^[8B :Z[B 3F 21 QZ4 Wa $[E3 [TLZ[C_M3 3e 3O;J 6 X:ZO 255 QZ4 9Z2T_[_ D; 5' XGj L[XQZ 1Le[53 +[U^A W"JCZ W\XeO 1O 1Le[53 +[U^A W"JCZ, L]OGFZ 3e ?Z. $CJa?3O %'.=;.%'. W"JCZ 3F |H LP [T3[WB [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj TV_ 2012-13 LP UX?eQ, XeU"5ZJZD 1O L]OGFZ LP W"KZ5\M %TZW\M [TLZQM3 3< JCZHFZ 3Z +JBZT XGj &W\ +3ZO 119 +\La[73 1O 3 FMa HeJ=La[73 9Z2ZTZW3 3< JCZHFZ 3< :ZMa5\j OZ7M WO3ZO 3Z W"3EH XG [3 ,3 K\ HZ2BZEZO; TF[FTZW\ TF $[E3ZO Wa T"[8B F OXEj +DEU LP $J B3 1 QZ4 54 X:ZO DZTaDZO3 3F $[E3ZO LZ>M 3O [QMa 5Ma XWj $J &F ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 39
$[E3ZOEZO33 3e 3D[V +Me:F W"J"E\ W][TEZ,7 (HQAE 3OZFa 3Z [FA_M [QMZ 5MZ XGj %[DTZW\ [TLZ[C_M3 3e %TZW\M W][TEZ,7 (HQAE 3OZFa 3F [QMa 9Z2ZTZW3 LP ,3 X:ZO W\=3 3< T_[J 3< 5' XGj 8 FMa ,3QGM [TLZQM 4eQa 5, XWj &FLP FTeDM [TLZQM3 3F $F]|H Ff^[A3 1O %TZW\M W][TEZ,7 (HQAE 3OZ' :Z OX; XWj W"3EH 2010 3F $F]WZO 30 %[DTZW\ [T3ZW4"?3 LP $"$a:\ LZ0ML 3< %3LUZQZ,7 +ZO7K 3< 5Nj %[DTZW\ JZ[Q3Z0" 3< [U^Z [TJBZO 3F [QMa $5Qa TV_ >M^FBL L[XQZ WZ^OBZ TZQa [T3ZW4"?3 LP 3^Z 6 Wa 3^Z 12T B3 3>MZ [U^Z H[OWO 4eQa :ZMP5aj &W3F WZC X; 28 FT\F %3LUZQZ,7 K\ 4]QP5\ BCZ W"JCZ0" LP ,3 X:ZO W\=3 3< T_[J 3< :ZMa5\j [H9 Z T5_ 1O $-HW" M3 3-MZA [H9&Z T5_ 1O $EHW"2M3 3EMZA HO WO3ZO H^OZ 0MZF DE OX; XGj [H9&Z T5_ 3F 30 QZ4 74 X:ZO [TLZ[C_M3 3e Q5K5 433 3Oe& 3< 9Z2T_[_ 3F $QZTZ DW [:Q3 LP [H9&Z T5_ 9Z2ZTZW JCZ[HB [3Ma 5Ma XWj +UZW[F3 WaTZ0" 3F [QMa +e;WZXF 3F $QZTZ [H9&E T5_ 3F %[C_3 |H Wa 3L:eO 9Z23 3e [TDEU $0MMF 9Z2T_[_ K\ D; :Z OX; XGj [H9&E T5_ 3F [U[^B JaOe:5ZO M]T3-M]T[BM3 3e Oe:5ZOe>L]4\ +[U^A Me:FZ 3F $>B5_B 5 X:ZO [U[^B JaOe:5ZO3 3e 5]AT_ZH^A_ +[U^A +DZF [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj [H9&E T5_ 3< 3>MZ0"
JHg=QZ&= H'O[UI= 3F [QMa +DEU 3F WK\ [:QQ LP H_C3 Wa 50 W\=O 3>MZ 9Z2ZTZW JT\3DB [3Ma 5Ma XWj 9Z25_X Me:FZ K\ JT\3DB 3< 5' XGj LDOWZ [U^Z %E][F3<3OA 3F 3ZM_ LP L0M+DEU DEU LP $$A\ OXZ XGj &W TV_ HXQ\ JZO KeHZQ Wa W\Ea :aKZ (&ZF 3< -[BXZ[W3 U]|%B 3< 5' XGj $EHW"2M3 T5_ 3F ,3 QZ4 Wa $[E3 [TLZ[C_MQ 3e 9Z2T_[_ JT\3ZO 3< 5' XGj $EHW"2M3 T5_ 3F [U[^B JaOe:5ZOQ 3F [QMa Oe:5ZO +[U^A Me:FZ +ZO7K 3< 5' XGj +DEU LP [FTZW 3O OXE $EHW"2M3 T5_ 3F Qe5Q 3e WLZ:WaTZ, T\OBZ, WZ[X;M, 3QZ ,T" W"J3D[B 3F ^a2 LP Me5DZF 3F [QMa ,3-,3 QZ4 |HMa 3F UX;D $UIZ3 (EQZ 4ZF, 3H?=F XL\D 4ZF 1O LfQZFZ $AwQ 3QZL %:ZD H]OJ3ZO +ZO7K [3Ma 5Ma XWj DEU LP HXQ\ JZO X: MZ[2MQ 3< W][TEZ 3F [QMa Ie=e 1O LeJZ&Q F"JO M]1B3Z?` (HQAE 3OZMa 5Maj X: 3F H^OE 45 [DF 3< $T[E LP ,3 24 6"=E 3Z 3ZQ WP=O KeHZQ LP +ZO7K [3MZ 5MZ XGj KeHZQ 1O &7DfO LP X: XZ(W 3Z [FLOA [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj $W"5[>B [FLOA 3[L3Q 3e WZLZ[:3 W]O^Z [XB QZK 3F [QMa H":\MF 3Z 3ZM_ :ZO; XGj $J B3 Q5K5 19 QZ4 3[L3 H":\3DB Xe 8]3F XWj &W TV_ :FTO; LZX B3 3e' 4 QZ4 28 X:ZO 3[L3Q 3e 66 3Oe& |HMa Wa $[E3 3Z QZK [DMZ :Z 8]3Z XGj H]OJ3ZO 1O WCLZF WLZ:WaTZ, WZ[X;M 1O W"J3D[B 3F Jy%MZL\ ^a2Q LP [DMa :ZFa TZQa WCLZFQ 3< W"2MZ LP T_[J 3F WZC WO3ZO Fa &F H]OJ3ZOQ 3< OZ[U 3e K\ De5]F\ 3O [DMZ XGj +DEU LP DEU 3F HXQa FZ=KM [TLZQM 3< JCZHFZ 3< 5' XGj OZLTF 5LF LZ5_ [8"[XB 3OFa 3F [QMa +CL 1O [MB\M 8OA 3< MZ2Z H^A_ 3O Q\ 5' XGj 1Le[53 [FTaU 3Z TZBZTOA +DEU LP 1Le[53 [FTaU 3Z $K^BH^T_ TZBZTOA XGj [FTaU 3F [QMa [3Ma :Z OXE +MZWQ 3< [FO>BOBZ LP Q5ZBZO 3ZM_"L [3Ma :Z OXE XWj &W TV_ &7DfO LP 3QeJQ &>TaJ=W_ W[L= %Me[:B Xe OX; XGj WO3ZO MZOZ 9 FT\F 1Le[53 ^a2Q 3Z [T3ZW +CL 8OA LP 761 XE1=EMO K^[L LP Q5K5 @Z' Wf 3Oe& |HMa 3F GMM Wa [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj HZ"8 [TLLZF 1Le[53 ^a2 3F [T3ZW 3F [QMa K\ 310 3Oe& 3< H[OMe:FZ +CL 8OA LP JT\3DB 3< 5' XGj +DEU LP &W TV_ $K\ B3 WZ'E JZOX X:ZO Wa $[E3 JCZ[HB (Le5Q LP +;M^ |H Wa 9AJ\W X:ZO Wa $[E3 Qe5Q 3e Oe:5ZO [LQZ XGj
4[F: W"HDZ OZ7M $HF\ 4[F: W"HDZ 3F [T3ZW 3< [DUZ LP Ba:\ Wa $$WO Xe OXZ XGj 4[F:Q 3< 4e: 3F [QMa T_XD ^a2 LP [F:\ WXKZ[5BZ 3e J'ZTZ [DMZ :Z OXZ XGj $[B %E][F3 B3F\3 3F (HMe5 Wa 9BOH]O 1O H>FZ LP X;OZEZO; :3CJO QZ&= HZ&H, W\E\ LP WeFZ 1O 3ZHO, 3=F\ LP K\ WeFZ 1O JbB^Q [:Qa LP ?Qa[=FL HbQa[?ML 3F K"?ZO eZB yMa XWj 4[F: OZ:JT LP K\ T_[J Xe OX; XGj OZ7M WO3ZO 3< 4[F: F\[B 3F 3>9 $"UQ 3Z KZOB WO3ZO Fa $>M OZ7MQ 3e K\ $F]WOA 3OFa 3e 3XZ XGj JTZJ<M W][TEZ,7 JTZJ<M W][TEZ0" 3F ^a2 LP WO3ZO Q5ZBZO +MZW 3O OX; XGj +DEU LP +DZM 3< :Z OX; LZB_ ,T" [UU] JTZJ<M WaTZ0" 3F (;WZXTE_3 H[OAZL WZLFa % OXE XWj +DEU 3< [UU] L_;M] DO LP HZ"8 $"3Q 3< 3L\ %' XG 1O MX 67 Wa 6=3O 62 +[B X:ZO Xe 5' XGj MX 3L\ H^OE DEU LP WJWa 7MZDZ XLZOE +DEU LP y' XGj +DEU LP W"JCZ5B +WT $J 86 +[BUB XGj &W TV_ +DEU 3F DW [:QQ 3F [:QZ [8[3;WZQMQ LP FT:ZB [UU] 5XF [8[3;WZ &3Z' QaJQ 2 3< JCZHFZ 3< 5'j $J +DEU LP -W\ &3Z&MQ 3< W"2MZ 34 Xe 5' XGj &W TV_ L]2ML"2\ JZQ sDM (H8ZO Me:FZ U]| y' XGj $J B3 3O;J 13 Wf J58Q 3F +3OA JT\3DB yMa XWj KeHZQ, &7DfO, 3TZ[QMO 1O :JQH]O 3F [8[3;WZ 40 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
LXZ[TLZQMQ LP 203 JFZB3e_O [8[3;WZ W\=Q 3< T_[J 3< Me:FZ JT\3DB 3< 5' XGj &W3F $QZTZ KeHZQ LP TZMOZQg:\ QbJ 3< JCZHFZ 1O &7DfO 3F LXZOZAZ B]3e:\OZT LXZ[TLZQM 3F (>FMF 3< H9OMe:FZMP K\ JT\3DB 3< 5' XWj :JQH]O 3F [8[3;WZ LXZ[TLZQM LP >M^Oe W:_O; [TKZ5 JCZ[HB 3OFa 3< 3ZO`TZ' 3< :Z OX; XGj H\.,L.=;. 1O +\.H\.:\. 3< +Ta U HO;^Z0" 3< 3Z(7W[Q"5 $5Qa TV_ Wa %F QZ&F 3< :Z OX; XWj &W TV_ +DEU LP 373 %M]V [8[3;W3Q 3< [FM][1BMN 3< 5' XWj 200 %M]V [8[3;W3Q 3F FMa HD JT\3DB :3Ma 5Ma XWj +DEU LP %M]V $F]W"EZF ,T" +[U^A $3ZDL\ 3< JCZHFZ 3< 3ZO`TZ' U\6h 3< :Z OX; XGj &W TV_ 1715 [8[3;W3Q 3< [FM][1BMN +DEU 3F $ZL\A ^a2Q, [T[KB [8[3;WZQMQ, WZL]DZ[M3 1O +ZC[L3 JTZJ<M 3R)Q LP 3< 5' XWj &W3F WZC X; 607 J=ZI FWQ` 3< K\ [FM][1BMN 3< 5' XWj 950 [8[3;W3Q 1O 220 F[W"_5 [WJ=O 3F FMa HD JT\3DB [3Ma 5Ma XWj WZB F, [:QQ LP LQa[OMZ 3ZMOQM JCZ[HB [3Ma 5Maj JTB"2BZ W"$ZL WaFZ[FM3 3< WCLZF [F[E LP T_[J OZ7M WO3ZO MZOZ +DEU 3F JTB"2BZ W"$ZL WaFZ[FMQ 3< WCLZF [F[E HPUF 6 X:ZO |HMa +[BLZX Wa J'Z3O H")X X:ZO |HMa +[BLZX 3< 5' XGj &W\ +3ZO OZ:Fb[B3 MZ WZLZ[:3 3ZOAQ Wa L\WZ/ ?;.%'.%O LP [F|J
GM[1BMQ 3< HPUF LP K\ T_[J 3< 5' XGj JTB"2BZ W"$ZL WaFZ[FMQ 3e $J 5"K\O +T_[_ 3< J\LZ[OMQ 3F [QMa [8[3;WZ $F]DZF JT\3DB 3OFa 3Z [FA_M [3MZ 5MZ XGj &WLP -W\ J\LZ[OMQ 3Z DZMOZ J'ZMZ 5MZ XGj vOJC TF ^a2Q 3F [FTZ[WMQ 3e 4ZLZB (HQAE 3OZFa 3F [QMa W"M]1BTF +J"E W[L[BMQ 3F LZ0ML Wa 259 OZUF 3< w3ZFP W"8Z[QB 3< :Z OX; XWj 4aQ ,T" M]TZ 3EMZA OZ7M LP 4aQ 1O M]TZ 3EMZA HO WO3ZO 3Z H^OZ 0MZF XGj XZQ X; LP M]TZ %Me5 3F 5>F 3Z [FA_M [QMZ 5MZ XGj XLZOE [4QZ[&MQ MZOZ OZbf\M +[BMe[5BZ0" LP HD3 XZ[WQ 3OFa 3Z [WQ[WQZ :ZO; XGj OZ7M 3< 3HFe&75-1MZ[385 1O 3OZ=E 3< =;L Fa &W TV_ WT_3ad +DU_F 3OBa y, OZbfh\M +[BMe[5BZ0" LP +CL JCZF +Za [3MZ XGj +DEU 3< L[XQZ Xg3< [4QZ&; OZbfh\M JBO HO De %M] T5_ LP $GTQ OX; XGj $>BOObfh\M JF^3O [4QZ&; 3LQ 8ZTQZ 3F [TDEU LP +[U^A 3< [TFeV GMTJCZ 3< 5'j (>XQFa [TFT OGP[385 LP B\WOZ JCZF +Za [3MZj De FMa [TKZ53 3Z 5>F OZ7M WO3ZO MZOZ De FMa [TKZ5Q 3Z 5>F &W TV_ [3MZ 5MZ XGj [TL]1B 6]L13& ,T" $E_6]L13& :Z[B 3F 3EMZA 3F [QMa HXQ\ JZO [TKZ5 3F 5>F 3F WZC $J $Q5 Wa $F]W^[8B :Z[B 3EMZA [TKZ5 JFZMZ 5MZ XGj +DEU LP Q6] TFeH: W"$ZX3Q 3e ([8B L^EM [DQZFa 3F [QMa XOO, Ly% IAQ, Ly% 5]EQ\, F\L J\:, 3O7: J\:, $8ZO 5]>Q\ 1O QZ4 3< 4O;D; 3Z WLC_F L^EM DEU LP HXQ\ JZO [FEO[OB [3MZ 5MZ XGj TF ^a2Q LP Oe:5ZO 3< W"KZTFZ0" 3F [QMa WZ'E W2X X:ZO XE1=EMO TF ^a2 LP 3<=-HZQF 5[B[T[EMQ 3Z [TJBZO [3MZ 5MZ XGj &W B\F TV?M H[OMe:FZ 3F LZ0ML Wa 30 X:ZO Qe5Q 3e $[B[O1B W"WZEF (HQAE Xe W3F"5aj TV_ 2011 3e Ly% TV_ 3F |H LP LFZ3O 13 QZ4 Ly% HfEa OeHa 5Ma XWj $ZL\AQ 3e 4LaO OeHA 3F [Q, +a9OB 3O 18 QZ4 4LaO HfEQ 3Z OeHA :3MZ 5MZj JJ^Q T_iZ +:ZB\ 3e =;.H\. Wa L]1B :3MZ 5MZ XGj JZ6 W"O^A +Z[E3OA Fa OZBZHZF\ $KMZO:M 3e =Z&5O [O:T_ 3Z D:O [DMZ XGj HBZ =Z&5O [O:T_ LP JZ6Q 3< H]FJCOHFZ Me:FZ 3e WIQBZ [LQ\ XGj H>FZ OZbfh\M (LZF LP QZ' 5' JZ[6FQ Fa UZT3Q 3e :>L [DMZ XGj JCZFZ"B[OB JZ6Q MZOZ TF ^a2 LP UZT3Q 3F :>L 9DMa :ZFa 3< DEU LP MX HXQ\ 6=FZ XGj JbB^Q [:Qa LP DEU 3F 8fCa HZ[O[JC[B3<M B"2 3ZJ_F $F]LZHF
3R) 3< JCZHFZ 3< 5' XGj &W TV_ +DEU 3F $ZL\A ,T" %[DTZW\ JyQ ^a2Q LP Q5K5 6 3Oe& LZFT [DTW Oe:5ZO (HQAE 3OZMa 5Maj HM_=F OZ7M HM_=F 3F ^a2 LP J][FMZD; W][TEZ,7 J'Fa Wa +DEU HM_=3Q 3F %3V_A 3Z 3R) JF OXZ XGj OZ7M LP %Fa TZQa DEU\-[TDEU\ HM_=3Q 3< W"2MZ LP %UZB\B T_[J Xe OX; XGj &W TV_ Q5K5 4 3Oe& 44 QZ4 HM_=3Q 3Z %5LF +DEU LP y% :e [H9Qa TV_ 3< B]QFZ LP 3O;J 16 +[BUB $[E3 XGj LaO; WO3ZO Fa ,3 1O $[KFT HXQ 3OBa y, Ta>8]OZ ,MO3Fa1= 3F WZC ,L.0.M^. [3MZ XGj $K\ OZ:EZF\ KeHZQ 3e 4:]OZXe, O;TZ, :JQH]O, FZ5H]O 1O 3TZ[QMO 3F WZC XTZ' WaTZ Wa :e&Z 5MZ XGj
W]UZWF 3< HXQ W]UZWF WTT58 +ZC[L3BZ0" LP UZ[LQ XGj &W3F [QMa [T[K>F +M;F [3Ma :Z OXE XWj L0M+DEU WO3ZO MZOZ JFZMa 5, Qe3WaTZ 5ZO7=; 3ZF^F 3e OZbfhGMZH\ Qe3[+MBZ [LQ\ XGj FZ5[O3Q 3e $[EW^[8B WaTZ0" 3e WLMW\LZ LP HZFa 3< 3ZF^F\ 5ZO7=; DEFa TZQZ +DEU HXQZ XGj 3' OZ7M WO3ZOQ Fa &W3Z $F]WOA [3MZ XGj $J KZOB WO3ZO K\ &W BOX 3Z 3ZF^F JFZFa :Z OX; XGj $J B3 Q5K5 87 QZ4 %TaDFQ 3Z [FOZ3OA [3MZ 5MZ XGj &FLP 99 +[BUB Wa $[E3 %TaD3Q 3e WaTZ,7 +DZF 3< 5' XWj &W TV_ $5JB LZX Wa %TaDFQ 3F 2FQZ&F H":\MF 3< GMTJCZ 3< 5' XGj [F:\ KZ5\DZO; MZOZ +;Ma3 [T3ZW4"? L]2MZQM 1O F5O;M ^a2Q LP Q5K5 400 Qe3 WaTZ 3R) JCZ[HB [3Ma :ZMP5a BZ[3
W]DC' 3ZF^F GMTJCZ +DEU LP 3ZF^F GMTJCZ 3< [JC[B W]DC' XGj OZ7M WO3ZO +DEU LP WZC+DZ[M3 WDKKZT 1O 3ZF^F-GMTJCZ JFZMa O4Fa 3F [QMa 3[=JJ XGj WZC X; %B"3TZD, LZ0TZD; 1O DJM] WLJMZ 3e :& Wa 4;L 3OFa 3F [QMa W"3[EHB XGj TV_ 2004 Wa $J B3 209 ?3HBQ 3Z 4Z;LZ [3MZ 5MZ XGj $J 3e' W^8\JJ DJM] [5OeX W["M FX" XGj F1WQ\ [X7WZ HO [FM"2A 3< KZOB WO3ZO Fa WOZXFZ 3< XGj [:QZ H][QW 1O UJ2 JQ LP 14 X:ZO FMa HD JFZMa 5Ma XWj
FZ5[O3 &F 3R)Q HO K\ $HFa %TaDF :LZ 3O W3F"j :FW]FTZ', WLZEZF %F QZ&F, WLZEZF ,3 [DF &W\ 3F (H"L XGj UZW3<M [F[TDZ0" LP '-=Q?[O75 3F [FA_M 3F JZD 3O;J 12 X:ZO 3Oe& OZ[U 3F =Q?O :ZO; [3Ma :Z 8]3F XWj $J XL '-HaLP= 3< 0O J' OXE XWj ,L.H\. %F QZ&F FZL3 He=`Q Wa 130 Wa $[E3 FZ5[O3 WaTZ,7 D; :Z OX; XWj $J W"M]1B KZ5\DZO; Wa J=E= He=`Q 1O J=E= W[T_W [?Q\TO; 5a=Ta 3< JCZHFZ K\ 3< :Z OX; XGj l
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 41
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
< WZ9X;M WTM^A >
% eU $J ;N3. $HFa $"DO X; HX8ZF Wa :^; OXZ XGj UZMD &W\[Q, (F3F +T1BZ OZ:a>) MZDT Fa (>XQ %;L[FO;^A 3< WQZX D; XGj ,3 WZ^Z;3ZO LP (>XQFa 3XZ XG [3 D[QB Qa43Q 3e $J %;L[FO;^A 3Z WZ[X;M [Q4FZ 8Z[X,j $K\ B3 Be (F3Z WZ[X;M [TOeE, [T)eX 3Z WZ[X;M CZ, WTAeb Wa Q&Fa 3Z CZj $J TX J=E: % 5' XG [3 (>XQ %;L-[TFQaVA 3OFZ 8Z[X, 1O &W\ %;L-[FO;^A Wa UZMD 3e' F' [DUZ [LQa5\j (F3F &W T1BGM 3e XL $HFa WTM 3F %Qe3 LP DE4P Be 3>9 8\:P WZI Xe :ZB\ XWj $J B3 [T[K>F +3ZO 3F WZ[X;M WTM 3OZ 8]3Fa 3F JZD XLFa D[QB [TLU_ 3< BOI z4 [3MZ Be (CL\D C\ [3 WK\ T5_ 3F HZ>3e" 3Z WLC_F [LQa5Z, (F3< HW"D %,5\j De LX;Fa JZ,7# D[QB 8aBFZ :5ZFa TZQa ?g. K\LOZT %"Ja?3O 1O D[QB3 3F +T1BZ OZ:a>) MZDT 5\BZ3\
?g.
K\LOZT %"Ja?3O Fa 3XZ, A5]QZL 3e $XWZW 3OTZ De :3 TX 5]QZL XG, TX L]1B Xe :Z,5ZjB W9DMQ Wa 5]QZL OXE D[QBQ 3e MX $XWZW 3OZMZ 5MZ, (FLP 8aBFZ :Z5\ 1O Ta (> 4&E y,j OZ:F\[B LP K\ 1O WZ9X;M LP K\j DeFQ w[FMZ0" LP WZC-WZCj w[FMZKO LP &F3< 88O 9Z 5'j AWJgE=`F [Q=OE8OB MZ 3XE" A[Q=OE8O 2I D; 2+aJ?B MZF\ AWBZ, y, 3F WZ[X;MB 3< 88O XeFa Q5\j WZ[X;M LP D[QB [TLU_ 3< [H9Qa De-B\F DU3Q LP 5XO; HX8ZF K\ JF\ XGj [X7D; WZ[X;M LP OZ:a>) MZDT &W3F WJWa J&E +T1BZ XWj &Wa XZ[UMa Wa JXW 3F 3R) LP QZFa 3Z H^OZ 3aM (>X;" 3e :ZBZ XGj :J (>XQFa U]| [3MZ BJ (F3Z B3a CZ, AKZOB\M WLZ: LP U^)e" 1O [J2MQ 3< [JC[B 3LeJaU WLZF OX; XGj [T[K>F %[C_3-EZ[L_3WNJ3D[B3 1O WZLZ[:3 $[E3ZOQ Wa DeFQ X; WLZF |H Wa T"[8B OXE XWjB DeFQ X; T"[8B, Ue[VB, H\[&B BCZ WLZ: 3F $;MZ8ZO 3F [U3ZO OXE XWj &WLa" D[QB WLZ: Fa TA_-GMTJCZ 3Z L]4O [TOeE [3MZ 1O $HFa DLF3ZO; $B\B Wa (H:a HO7HOZ5B 5]JWa 3Z O8FZ;L3 &JBaLZQ 3O $HF\ >eW :5X JFZ' 1O JXW 3F 3R) LP % 5,j $J ,3 JZO [IO Wa [X7D; LP D[QB [TLU_ $HF\
HZ>33 3< HW"D 3< W^8\ 3[T LQ4ZF [W"X 0L+3ZU TZEL\[3 :M+3ZU 3D`L W^O:HZQ 8fXZF O:B OZF\ )L\F^*
3XZF\3ZO 0L+3ZU TZEL\[3 LeXFDZW Fb[LUOZM W^O:HZQ 8fXZF/ [T[HF [JXZO; FMeOZ: [W"X Ja8bF/ DMZF"D J=eX;
Q5ZBZO [T[K>F LZ0MLQ Wa +8ZO-+WZO 3F JZD XL XGOZF Xe 5,j HZ>3Q 3F 'LaQ %,, H2 %,, 4^J %, 1O H[OAZL [F3QFa B3 %Ba OXE Qa[3F 8R3ZFa TZQ\ JZB MX [3 90 +[BUB HZ>3 D[QB 42 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
WLZ: 3F X; [F3Qaj (>XQFa $HF\ HW"D 3F JZOE LP [TJBZO Wa B3a DEBa y, 4]D 3e (W\ WLZ: 3Z [XJWZ JBZMZj 3>9 HZ>3Q Fa $HFa FZL 3F WZC $HFa WOFaL :e&3O [TUaVBfO HO Ka:Z Be 3>9 HZ>3Q Fa $HFa$HFa D[QB W"JCZ0" 3< BOI Wa H2 Ka:aj WTM 3F H[OAZL 3F WZC 3>9 [T8ZOA\M WTZQ K\ 4&E y, XWj 1MZ [X7D; 3F D[QB Qa43Q Wa WT_AQ` 3< Q&Z' 1O (F HO XLQa &BFa 7MZDZ Xe 5, XW [3 (>XQFa D[QB Qa43Q 3< $[JLBZ 3e JT\3ZOZ X; FX"? MZ [X7D; D[QB Jf[J3BZ 3Z [T3ZW WLMH^T_ $TzJ Xe 5MZ XG 1O WZ[X;M HO &W3Z $WO H& OXZ XG? MZ D[QB FaBZ0" Fa [:W BOX Wa D[QB X; FX" $>M J][J:\[TMQ 3F WZC [TFTZW6ZB [3MZ XG, (Wa Qa3O D[QB 8]H XW MZ JTM" D[QB $HFa WLZ: 3F WZC y, MZ Xe OXE $>MZMQ HO J&Z WZ[X;M HbDZ FX" 3O HZ OXE XW? 3>9 Be XG..:e ,3 4ZW T5_ 3F HZ>3Q 3e 9@ FX" HZ OXZ XGj 1MZ W8L]8 D[QB Qa43Q 3e $J %;L[FO;^A 3OFZ 8Z[X,? UZMD OZ:a>) MZDT $HF\ :5X WX; XW [3 $J T1B % 5MZ XG [3 %;L [TFQaVA 3F :[OMa Q&Z' 3Z L]"X Le& [DMZ :Z,, UZMD BK\ F' [DUZ [LQaj WTA_ HZ>3Q 3< (DZW\FBZ 3F 3' LZMFa JHI= XWj :Z[XO XG [3 D[QB WZ[X;M 3e JT\3ZOFa 3< (DZOBZ $K\ B3 WTA_ HZ>3Q LP FX" %' XG MZ D[QB Qa43Q 3< Q&Z' 3< EZO KeCO; 1O JaLZF\ Xe 5' XG &W DfO LP", :XN 8\:P JaXD Ba:\ Wa JDQ OX; XWj (CL\D XG HZ>3 &F WTZQQ HO XLZO; JXW 3e $HFa H2Q 3F :9OMa BCZ $>M Qa43<M L"8Q HO 1O %5a J'Z,75aj $J 3>9 WTM 3< JZBP# XL MXN HZ>3Q 3< HW"D 3F $F]|H 9X7D; 3F D[QB 3[TMQ, 3CZ3ZOQ 3< W^8\ DE OXE XWj 0L+3ZU TZEL\[3 1O W^O:HZQ 8fXZF DeFQ Fa DeFQ T5U LP $HF\ :5X JFZ' XGj 3[T 3F |H La" :XN TZEL\[3 vWOE F"JO HO OXE, TX" 3XZF\3ZO 3F |H LP HXQa F"JO HOj W^O:HZQ 8fXZF 3[T 3F |H LP HZ>3Q 3< 8fC\ HW"D JFa Qa[3F 3XZF\ LP B\WOE JCZF HO %,j XLFa HN8 FZL LN5a Ca, [:>XQ XLFa $"[BL |H DE3O B\F 3[T 1O B\F 3XZF\3ZO 8]Faj 8M[FB WZ[X;M3ZOQ Fa XLP WXMe5 [DMZ Qa[3F XL $C3 3e[UU 3OFa 3F JZD K\ LQ4ZF [W"X 3Z HBZ 1O IeF F"JO F HZ W3Fj W^O:HZQ 8fXZF 3< 3e[UU 3< T:X Wa (F3< 8[8_B 3[TBZ AW]Fe 'ZUAB 1O FTaB-FMZL BJT\O XZC Q5\j l
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
< 3[TBZ >
W]Fe Z7A LQ4ZF [W"X
XLZO; DZWBZ 3Z WIO / B]CXZOE :>L Wa U]| XeBZ XG/ 1O &W3Z $"B K\ B]CXZOE $"B 3F WZC Xe5Z/ W]Fe 'ZUA! XLZOE HW\Fa Wa / J^ %B\ XG B]CXQj [IO -WZ 3Oe/ ,3 [DF/ $HF\ :FZF\ 3e/ XLZO; :FZF\ 3F WZC/ LbQZ 3LZFa Ka:ej B]L LaOE WZC %0/ 8L&Z H3Z,75a/ DeFQ [LQ-Jb>3Oj LaOE Ja=E 3F WZC/$HFa Ja=E 3e Ka:e [DXZ?j\ 3< 4e: LPj 1O $HF\ [J[=MZ 3e/ XLZO; [J[=MZ 3F WZC/ Ka:e 3=Z' 3OFa/ L][4MZ 3F 4aB LPj UZL 3e C3 3O/ HWO :Z0 EOB\ HO W^"6e 4]D 3e/ Ja=E 3e/ Ja=; 3e/ BK\ :ZF HZ05a B]L/ :\TF 3< 5"E 3e, JQTB\ XeB\ XG :e/ DEX 3< 5"E Waj XL :ZFBa XW/ XLZOZ WJ 3>9/ KQ&Z Q5BZ XG B]CXQj XLZO; J5Q LP 4&Z XeFa HO/ 3D 6=BZ XG B]CXZOZ/ 1O JOZJO 4&Z DE4/ KTP BF :ZB\ XWj W]Fe K^DET/ B]CXZOZ 3D/ (W\ [DF 6= 5MZ CZ/ [:W [DF [3 B]LFa/ >MZM 3F FZL HO/ :\TF 3e 8f4=Q LP 3W/ 3WZ' 3Z JZ&Z JFZ [DMZ CZj 1O 4]D 3e U\V_ HO/ JCZ[HB 3OFa XEB]/ BZQa >=3TZ [D, Ca/ 8fL"[:QZ :\Fa Waj TX" J\8 %"5F LP/ JT5_ 3F FO3 3F/ )78 3F F\8 3F/
9@B 3F $9@B 3F/ K^B 3F KK^B 3F/ L"2 3F B"2 3F/ JaHPD; 3F 'U 3F/ 3>[BMZ, %;LZ, +ZOAE/ 1O 5L-EL_ 3F/ [WMZW\ +H"8 5'/ OET& JFZ [DMZ CZ/ H^OE 3F H^OE DEU 3ej B]L $1WO 3XBa Xe [3/ %;LZ 3>%" XG/ :]&; XG :e L^Q W\/ [IO [FF8M X; XLZO; 6_AZ/ 8]KB\ Xe5\ B]CXQ/ H3F y, U^Q W\j M[D FX".../ Be W]Fe T[UI>! XL B]LWa 6_AZ 3OBa XW/ B]CXZO; %JCZ0" HO C^3Ba XWj LB K^Qe [3 $J/ LaXFB3U 38Ea B]CXZOZ Je; @eFa 3e/ BbMZO FX" XW [JE3>Q BbMZO FX" XWj DE4e! J"D [3Qa Wa JZXO/ ;N3 3O Be DE4e/ JOI [H6Q OX; XGj J9E&E LZO OXE XW IO@/ JbQ E^H 8JZ OXE XWj 1O ,3QGM/ H]OZFa :"5 Q5a B\OQ 3e/ %5 LP BHZ OXZ XGj
OE4N3F# w5O D_
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 43
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
< 3CZ-3XZF\ >
,3,3
$OWa JZD 5Z"T :ZFZ y%j LaOE 5Z"T Wa H")X-J\W [3QeL\=O vO H^T_ 5"5Z 3F [F3= 9e=ZWZ 3JJZ XG, QZJZOE?;j [3W\ :LZFa LP MX 5Z"T CZj $J 9e=E 3JJa 3Z |H Qa 8]3Z XGj MXZ" QXQXZBa XOE-KOE 4aB 3F WZC ,3 &7=O 3gQa: K\ XGj &W\ &7=O3gQa: LP ?g. OZAZ 3< 0L+3ZU +Z8ZM_ HD HO [FM][1B y' C\j TZ-L\:3 TX LaOE H]OZFa [L2 XWj (F3< &59Z C\ [3 LV (F3F 3gQa: LP [TLZ[C_MQ 3F J\8 %3O 3>9 WLM v7j &WWa $ZL\A H[OTaU LP OXFa TZQa J58Q 3< :ZF3ZO; J'Q5\ WZC X; (FLP WZ[X[;M3 $[Kz[8 K\ [T3[WB Xe5\j ?g. OZAZ 3Z W];ZT L];a O8FZ;L3 Q5Z CZj XZ'-Ta Wa &W 3JJa 3e :e&Fa TZQ\ H13< W&3 Be JF 5' C\ [IO K\ (W W&3 HO MZ2Z 3OFZ :e[4L KOZ CZj :5X-:5X OZJBZ z3 :ZBZ CZj JbQ5Z&; MZ KVWZJ]35\ -Wa 4&; Xe :ZB\ C\, :bWa (>X" 3F [Q, &W W&3 3Z [FLOA [3MZ 5MZ Xej E^Q &BF\ 7MZDZ C\ [3 5Z&; 3Z O75 X; E]"EQZ 5MZ CZj XZ'-Ta Wa 7MZDZ vO; HO MX 3JJZ FX" CZj H"DiX-J\W [3QeL\=O 3Z OZJBZ BM 3OFa LP 3ZI< WLM Q5 5MZ CZj Qa[3F 3gQa: 3Z TZBZTOA DE4 3O WZO; C3ZF 1O HOEUZ[FMZ" 3ZIAO Xe 5' C\"j 3gQa: 3Z +Z"5A ,3DL WZI-W]COZ 1O X[OMZQ\ Wa KOZ y% CZj WD@ 3F [DF Ca &W[Q, 3ZM_"L E^H LP X; O4Z 5MZ CZj J58a UZ"[B Wa Jb>E y, :>L# 30 :^F, 1950, JOQZ, (_O +DEUj +3Z[UB 3,[BMN#W9DMQ 3Z W"BZH, JJW! JyB Xe 8]3Z, $J 1O FX", UAD ;^> FX" JeQBa (3[TBZ W"$X), :^>F (%;L3CZ), WQZL, 6]WHb9>, (3XZF\ W"$X)j WCLZF# 3CZ"L, >M^ &79?MZ J]3 +Z&:, [TFT 9X7D; WCLaQF, >M^Mg3a WCLZF, (_O +DEU 9X7D; W"JCZF, Q4F) 3Z WZ9X;M K^VAj W"H3=# 89, 'FTO [TXZO, IF: 2, QZ?H]O, DEXOZvF, (_OZ4"?j
Caj ,3 0O 9Z2Z,7 C!, vWO; 0O 9Z2j 9Z2Q Wa 7MZDZ 9Z2Z,7 C!j MX K\ ,3 8R3ZFa TZQZ B<M CZj :J LV &7=O 3gQa: LP H'BZ CZ BJ WZB Wf 9Z2Q LP 3FTQ De MZ B\F 9Z2Z,7 y% 3OB\ C\"j Ta K\ [U^3Q 3F H[OTZO 3<j :J LV 3ZM_"L LP Hy78Z Be WJ UZ"B CZj Qa[3F $8ZF3 [TLZ[C_MQ LP 4]WO-H]WO U]| Xe 5' C\j ,3 [U^3 3< 0O LaOZ 0MZF 5MZ :e XZC LP Le=Z ?7?Z Qa3O [TLZ[C_MQ 3F J\8 6^L OXZ CZ LZFe 3e' [WHZX; D75Z$JB &QZ3F LP BbFZB [3MZ 5MZ Xej [:W 0O TX :ZBZ, J~a [WO ;]3Z 3O UNB Xe :ZBaj :bWa X; TX TXN Wa 5]:O :ZBZ J58Q LP 4]WO- H]WO U]| Xe :ZB\j $:\J WZ LZXfQ JF 5MZ CZj MX WJ DE43O L];a $59Z FX" Q5 OXZ CZj L];a $HFa J8HF 3F Ta [DF MZD %Fa Q5a :J LZJ=O :\ L]5O JFZ 3O 9&; Wa [H=Z' [3MZ 3OBa Caj BJ JaJZB K\ [H=Z' 3O DEFZ [U^3Q 3Z :>L[WJ $[E3ZO y% 3OBZ CZj Lb"Fa $838Z 3O ?g. OZAZ 3< 0O DE4Zj TX [FOHa^ KZT Wa W"8ZQF 3OFa TZQa [U^3 3< Q"J\ (JZ) 3[TBZ W]F OXE Caj L]; Wa OXZ FX" 5MZj LVFa 3XZ, A?g. WZXJ, &W H][QW 3Z"J=EJQ 3e J58Q 3F J\8 Wa J]QZ&,jB ?g. OZAZ JeQa, AFX", TX Be =;8O XGj J58Q 3e $F]UZ[WB O4Fa 3F [Q, TXZ" 4&Z [3MZ XGjB LVFa :eO DE3O 3XZ, A$F]UZWF JFZFa 3F [Q, MZ $F]UZWF [J5Z&Fa 3F [Q,j M[D =;8O 3e $HF\ JZB WL;ZFa 3F [Q, ?7?E 3< :|OB H&B\ XG Be [U^Z 3F [Q, H][QW TZQQ 3e X; [FM]1B 3OFZ 7MZDZ WX; Xe5Zj %H :OZ (>XQ TZHW J]QZ 3O DE[4, :3 1MZ J58a BJ K\ &W\ BOX [O,1= 3OQ5ajB ?g. OZAZ Fa (W H][Q[WMa =;8O 3e TZHW %Fa 3Z &UZOZ [3MZj J58Q Fa 4]U\ LP BZQ\ J:Z'j Ce&; DEO JZD WJ J58a UZ"B Xe3O 3ZM_"L LP z[8 QaFa Q5a Caj JZB8\B $59; y' C\j J58Q Fa JZB8\B LP z[8 [D4Z' C\j TZBZTOA K\ 4ZWZ (;WZXTG`3 CZj 3gQa: 3F +J"E3 JTM" K\ 3ZM_"L LP H^OE WLM Lf:^D OXE Caj Qf=Fa LP DEO Xe 5' C\j [IO K\ LVFa 5Z&; $HFa 5Z"T 3< 0O Le&Fa 3Z &UZOZ 5Z&TO 3e [3MZj LaOZ 5Z"T L]2M OZ:LZ5_ HO X; JWZ y% XGj Qa[3F XLZOZ H[OTZO 5Z"T 3F vWOE 9eO MZF\ H[F8L LP OXBZ XGj 6O Wa 4ZWZ HXQa X; 5Z&; 9e&F\ H& OX; C\j LbFa 5Z&TO Wa 3XZ, A3X" WX; :5X DE4 3O 5Z&; HZ3a 3O Qej LV Ce&; DEO LP H[OTZO TZQQ Wa [LQ3O %BZ x7jB Qa[3F 3e' (HM]1B 44 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
:5X F HZ3O 5Z&TO HOEUZF Q5 OXZ CZj (WFa $FLFa @75 Wa 3XZ, AWO, %5a 3X" 5Z&; I8W F :Z,jB ADE4Ba XW, Ce&Z 1O %5a 8QejB LVFa (Wa %FTJB 3OFa 3< 3e[UU 3<j JJB\ Wa HXQa 8fEO; LZLOZ: 3Z 6O CZj JOWQ JZD K\ TbWZ X; WZLFa Wa 4]QZ y% CZ, :bWZ HXQa CZj LVFa 5Z&TO Wa z3Fa 3Z &UZOZ [3MZj 5Z&; Wa (BO 3O LV 6O LP % 5MZ CZ :XZ" 5ZM, KVW 1O JbQ J"Ea Caj JOZLDE LP ,3 J]:]5_ Jb>E Caj LVFa (>XQ FLJ3ZO [3MZj TX $EQa=E Caj L];a DE4 3O Ce&Z W\Ea Xe 3O Jb> 5, 1O LaOE FLJ3ZO 3Z (_O [D, J5bO LaO; 0O (;W]3BZ Wa DE4Fa Q5aj LVFa (F3F [3W\ +;M]_O Wa HXQa X; 3XZ, A8fEO; WZXJ, 1MZ Ce&; DEO 3F [Q, LV $HF\ 5Z&; %H3F 6O LP 4&; 3O W3BZ x7? (WFa WsDMBZ Wa [WO [XQZMZ 1O H^9Z, A[3F3F 6O :ZFZ XG?B A8fEO; WZXJ, %H3F 6O 3F H\9E JJB\ LP :ZFZ XG FOE>Di 3F 6OjB LVFa [JFZ [3W\ QZ5-QHa= 3F 3XZ, A3XZ" Wa %, Xe?B (>XQFa WX:BZ Wa H^9Zj A:\, DEXOZvF WajB LVFa (_O [DMZj TX 3>9 ^A z3F :bWa 3>9 MZD 3OFa 3< 3e[UU 3O OXE Xe"j [IO :bWa $8ZF3 MZD % 5MZ Xe JeQa, AXLZOE WZC ,3 WeLHZQ H'Z 3OBZ CZj W]FZ XG TX K\ %:3Q DEXOZvF LP X; XGj [3W\ WO3ZO; Ff3O; LP XGjB &WWa %5a TX 3>9 3XBa, (WWa HXQa LV X; JeQ H&Z, ALV X; WeLHZQ x7j L];a F\ [H9ZAZ? LV, W8\>Di XL ,3 X; [3QZW LP Be CajB (F3F 8aXOE HO 3' WTZQ ,3 WZC (5 %, [:>XQ LV H3&Fa 3< 3e[UU 3O OXZ CZj Qa[3F Ta WJ LaO; H3& Wa 9@=Ba :Z OXE Caj $B\B 3< E]"EQ\ BJT\OQ WZLFa Wa 5]:O 5' C!j (F3Z 8aXOZ [3W\ K\ BOX W8\>Di Wa LaQ FX" 4Z OXZ CZj WLM 3< 5D` Fa :bWa WZOZ O75-|H JDQ [DMZ CZj A%0 Jb>e, [3BFa WZQ Xe 5, XWj B]L JyB WLM JZD 5Z"T % OXE XejB (>XQFa %;L\MBZ [D4Z'j LVFa 3XZ, A:|O Jb>BZj Ce&; :ED; LP x7, $K\ DEXOZvF Qf=FZ XGj QZJZOE?; %MZ CZ &7=O 3gQa: LPj We8Z, 5Z"T 3F XZQ-8ZQ K\ QaBZ 8Q^"j JJB\ LP Xe3O %BZ x7 [IO Jb>@"5ZjB A5Z?; Qa %0 $"DOjB (>XQFa 5Z&TO Wa 3XZj 5Z&TO 3e TX" 5Z&; 3F HZW 9e&3O LV JJB\ 3< 0O 8Q [DMZ CZj FOE>Di 3Z J&Z Q&3Z [T3ZW JZXO X; [LQ 5MZj FOE>Di K\ 6O HO X; CZj &EO-(EO 3F XZQ-8ZQ :ZFFa 3F JZD LVFa FOE>Di Wa H^9Z, AWJ >;3->Z3 XG?B Ce&; DEO 3< 4ZLeU\ 3F JZD TX JeQZ, A3>9 [DF HXQa %H3F HZW DEXOZvF %MZ CZj %H [LQa FX" Be Qf= %MZjB (W3F JTO LP 5XO; [FOZUZ C\j :bWa TX [U3ZMB 3O OXZ Xej LVFa H^9Z, A3e' 4ZW JZB C\? [3W\ Fa JBZMZ FX" [3 B]L %Ma Ca?B TX 8]H Xe 5MZj (Wa 8]H DE4 3O LVFa 3XZ, AJeQe, 1MZ JZB C\? :e K\ 3XFZ XG WZI-WZI 3XejB (WFa [XCLB J=eOBa y, 3XZ, A6O 3< XZQB Be DE4 X; OXE Xej WJ 3>9 5QB X; Xe OXZ XGj 3>9 K\ >;3 FX" XGj $J 5Z"T K\
HXQa Wa J]OE X; XZQ LP XGj HXQa Be 3>9 3ZL-EZL K\ [LQ :ZBZ CZ, $J Be TX K\ 3L XeBZ :Z OXZ XGj [T3ZW K\ [H9Qa ,3 WZQ Wa 4ZQ\ 6^L OXZ XGj &W\ 3F [Q, %MZ CZjB ALVFa Be HXQa K\ 3XZ CZ, &Wa LaOE HZW Ka: Dej 3e' F 3e' OZJBZ [F3Q %,5Zj B]L X; FX" LZFajB LVFa 3XZj AWK\ Qe5 UXO 8Qa :Z,75a Be MXZ" 3fF OXE5Z? &W3F J58a XW, Jx XG, (F3< DE4KZQ 3fF 3OE5Z?B (W3F LF LP JyB [DFQ Wa HWOZ 5]JZO JZXO %Fa Q5Zj LZXfQ $WX: Xe 5MZ CZj 6O 3< 3&TZX= UZMD JZXO [F3QFa 3Z &7B:ZO 3O OX; C\j Q5 OXZ CZ :bWa TX 3>9 1O 3XFZ 8ZXBZ XG, Qa[3F 3X FX" HZ OXZ XGj A3>9 [DFe" 3< JZB XG, LV 3e[UU 3|75Z [T3ZW 3e 3X" >;3->Z3 3ZL [LQ :Z,j [IO MX $HFa J\T\-J58Q 3e K\ WZC Qa :Z,5ZjB LVFa FOE>Di 3e WL;ZFa 3< 3e[UU 3<j (W3< 8]?H\ 1O 5XO; Xe 5' C\j 39=, 3< BOX (WFa W]O^Z;L3BZ 3F BXB :bWa $HF\ 5D`F 4eQ LP [9HZ Q\ C\j 3>9 HQ 3< 4ZLeU\ 3F JZD LVFa [IO Wa 3XZ, AWe8 3O L];a JBZ DEFZj $K\ Be LV :ED; LP x7, 7MZDZ DEO z3Fa Wa OZB Xe :Z,5\jB FOE>Di 3>9 FX" JeQZj [WIa vO U^>M LP BZ3BZ OXZj A3>9 LF LP XG Be JeQejB LVFa ,3 JZO 1O (Wa (3WZFa 3< 3e[UU 3<j (WFa 5XO; F:OQ Wa LaO; 0O DE4Zj 3>9 HQ JZD JeQZ, AMXZ" 3F 3gQa: LP WIZ' 3L_8ZO; 3< :5X 4ZQ\ XGj $5O TX :5X [T3ZW 3e [LQ :Z, Be WZOE ;";= 4;L Xe :Z,75ajB LV $:\J HWeHaU LP I8W 5MZj [IO TX; FO3? [T3ZW ,3 BOI Jb>Z WJ W]F OXZ CZj K\BO DOTZ:a 3< 0= LP (W3< Jx K\ 4&; C\j LaO; WL; LP FX" % OXZ CZ :3 LV 1MZ 3x7j &WWa HXQa [3 LV 3>9 JeQBZ, [T3ZW Fa $HF\ 8]?H\ Be&;j LaO; BOI DE4Ba y, JeQZ, A3gQa: 3Z :e %:3Q LbFa:O XG, TX %H3F WZC H'Z XGj ':aU 3>LZOj %H3e $59; BOX :ZFBZ XGj $5O %H (FWa [LQ QP Be JZB JF W3B\ XGj &W Ff3O; 3F JDQa LP TX ,3 QZ4 zHMa LZ"5 OXZ XGj %H (FWa JZB 3OQ5a Be UZMD 3>9 3L 3O DEjB [T3ZW 3< JZB W]F3O L];a Q5Z :bWa [3W\ Fa L];a 5XO; 4Z' LP E3FQ [DMZ XGj ,3 WIZ'3L? 3< Ff3O; 3< [OFTB ,3 QZ4 zHMaj LaOZ LZCZ KBZ 5MZj WL; LP FX" % OXZ CZ [3 1MZ 3x7j [T3ZW Be &W Ff3O; 3e HZFa 3F [Q, :bWa BbMZO Jb>Z CZj (W3< H'Z' 3Z LBQJ X; FX" OX 5MZ CZj LV K\BO Wa J]O; BOX %XB Xe 8]3Z CZj Qa[3F (F DeFe" 3F 8aXOE HO [3W\ K\ BOX 3Z 3e' ^eK MZ U[L"_D5\ FX" C\j LVFa (>Ba y, 3XZ, AB]CXQ LaOE WZC UXO 8QFZ XG Be 8Qej JZXO 5Z&; 4&; XGj &W DQDQ Wa JZXO [F3QFa LP X; KQZ' XG TFO 3Q B]CXZOE Ma :e 9e=E-9e=E J58a XW, [:F3Z :\TF B]L FO3 Wa K\ J]OZ JFZFa 3< 3e[UU 3O OXE Xe, B]CXQ 3K\ LZI FX" 3OQ5ajB LaOZ OeL-OeL 3Z"H OXZ CZj Qa[3F (F DeFe" 3F 8aXOQ HO 3e' [U3F FX" C\j LaO; %"4Q 3F WZLFa ,3 $DCFM $"EaOE 3< 3ZQ\ HOB IHQB\ [D4Z' DE OX; C\ [:WFa (F DeFe" 3e @3 [QMZ CZj l
OE4N3F# w5O D_
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 45
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
< 3CZ-3XZF\ >
LN, 5] 1O WZN3ZO 6O LP WZ&:3Q %'j LN Fa 5]& JN=Z CZj ,3 zHMa 3Z DW WaO 5]& CZ BJj LN Fa 3FTQ %> %Fa 48_ [3, Ca 5]& 4O;DFa LPj HN8 WaO 5]& %MZ CZ %> %Fa LPj 5Q\-L]XEQa 3F Qe5 :]=E Caj L[XQZ,7 $HFa WZC J~Q 3e K\ QZ' C!j 5]& JN=Fa 3Z LeXFDZW [:CLZ Q59e 3Z CZj Q59e Fb[LUOZM JJB\ 3< WJWa $[E3 (& 3< L[XQZ C\j 3e' (Wa BZ' 3XBZ Be 3e' DZD;j M^" KZK\ 3XFa TZQa K\ JJB\ LP 3L FX" Caj Q59e 3e K\ KZK\ W]FFa LP $59Z Q5BZ CZj TbWa H]zVQ 3e K\ KZK\ 3XFa LP L:Z %BZ CZj -Wa $TWO HO :TZF\ 3F [DF :e MZD % :ZBa Caj Qe5Q Fa 5]& 3< J&; ?Q\ B]O7B 5H3 Q\ C\, :J[3 Q]5Z&MQ Fa Ce&Z 4Z3O UaV 5]& $HF\ EeB\ 3F 3eFa LP O4 3O 5N> JNE Q\ C\j 5]& 4ZFa 3F JZD WJFa HZF\ [HMZj HZF\ [HQZFa 3Z [:CLZ X;OZ 3Z CZj HZF\ JJB\ 3F 3>,7 3Z CZj 4^J >7?Z 1O L\>Zj 5]& J[FMa 3< w3ZF Wa 4O;DZ 5MZ CZj BJ 5]& X; [L>Z' y% 3OB\ <Z\j WZ&[3Q J~Q 3F [Q, $:^JZ <Z\j Ta (Wa 9@3O DE4 OXE Caj 3>9 $HFa F>XQ XZCQ Wa Hb?Q 6]LZ OXE Caj 3>9 [OL 3F WZC Q5\ B\[QMQ 3e X; [5F OXE Caj ,3 J~Z [5FB\ U]| 3OBZ, TX J\8 LP K^Q :ZBZ Be vWOZ J~Z U]| Xe :ZBZj :bWa H[XMa LP Q5\ WK\ B\[QMQ 3e [5F3O Ta [3W\ +[BMe5\ HO;^Z LP HZW Xe :ZFZ 8ZXBa Caj ,3-De L[XQZ,7 XW?Q LP 3W\ 6"=; 3e J:Z3O OeBa y, J~a 3e 8]H 3OZFa 3F +MZW LP Q5\ C\"j ==FF-==FF 6"=; 3< %TZ: W]F OeBa y, J~a 8]H :>L# 5 [WB"JO,1949, LaO>, (_O +DEUj +3Z[UB 3,[BMN# WIDO ,3 JMZF (3[TBZ W"$X), $HFa-$HFa [H":OE (%;L3CZ), 4 (H>MZW, 2 3XZF\ W"$Xj (HQ[AEMN# DD` 3XZF\ HO &QZXZJZD vODU_F MZOZ :IEL [FLOAj KZOB\M (~ $0MMF W"JCZF, [ULQZ LP (2007-2009)IFQej W"+[B # 9X7D; LZ[W3 JMZF 3Z W"HZDFj +3ZUFj W"H3=#J\:\5,, 30 J\, H[F8L [TXZO,F' 9DEQ\j
Xe =3=3< Q5Z3O 5eQ-5eQ 8ND;-W\ 6"=; 3< 0O DE4Fa Q5Ba Caj [DFKO [Lh\ Wa Q\Ha y, %"5F LP :L6= OXZj Q59e 5]& JN= 3O $HFa 6O Qf= 5' C\ 1O X;OZ HZF\ [HQZ3O 8QZ 5MZ CZj J~a BJ K\ WZ&[3Q 3F HZW 4&E Caj (F3< [:eZWZ UNB FX" Xe HZ OX; C\j WZ&[3Q HO [:BF\ 8L3 C\, (WWa 3X;" $[E3 LN 3< %"4Q LP 8L3 C\j LN 3F K\BO x3 C\j Ja=E 3e WZ&[3Q HO 8' 8QZBa y, DE4Fa 3< %W :e H^O; Xe 5' C\j WZ&[3Q F y', :bWa vEXE 3F [Q, W:\ y' 6e&; Xe 5'j [DF KO 6O-%"5F LP :FF OXZj &W :FF LP F F8[FMN %x F [X:&Ej F [3W\ Fa @eQ3 J:Z' 1O F JZ:Z J:ZMZj B"J^, ?EOE K\ FX" Q5aj F La: C\ F 3>[W_MNj 3FZB K\ L"5Z' FX" 5'j F XQTZ' J]QZ, 5,j QZ(?JH\3O K\ 9B HO FX" Q5ZMZ 5MZj [IO K\ JJB\ LP 5^": C\j BFW]4 3F MZOZ WZ&[3Q 4O;DFa 3< JJB\ 3F &W 9eO Wa (W 9eO B3 88O C\j L\>E :Q 3Z 3>%" 8FLD;D 5TZX CZj WZC X; J[FMZ K\j J[FMa Fa 5]& BeQBa y, $HFa [XJWa 3< 5]& 3< J&; ?Q\ [F3ZQ Q\ C\j LN 3e $59Z Q5Z CZj (WFa LFZ FX" [3MZ CZj 3>,7 3< 8fBO; HO Ce&Z 5]& O4 %' C\j JJB\ 3F [3FZOE HO H\O CZj TXN K\ 5]& 3< ?Q\ O4FZ FX" K^Q\ C\ LNj H[OTZO 3F 3>Q DETBZ0" LP MX; WJ UZ[LQ CZj -Wa $TWO HO LN (>XQ FX" K^Q HZB\ C\j :bWa :>L-:>LNBO 3Z [OFBZ CZ (FWaj JJB\ LP HXQ\ WZ&[3Q %' C\j :e BFW]4 Fa 4O;D; C\j BFW]4 3Z FZL &[BXZW LP D:_ y% CZj 88O 3Z [TVM K\ MX; CZj [:BFa L]"X (BF\ X; JZBPj Ja=E 3< Ff3O; Q5\ C\j HXQ\ BF2TZX [LQ\j BFW]4 Fa LN 3< XCaQ\ HO H^O; BF2TZX O4\ C\j B\W zHMa LN Fa 3K\ FX" DE4a Caj DE4a Be (W3< %"4Q LP 4ZW 8L3 % 5' C\j 8L3 K\ 1MQ F %, KQZ? :\TF LP HXQ\ JZO HN8-HN8 3F XOE-XOE 9X Fe= DE4a Caj LN 3< 4]U\ 3Z 3e' [XWZJ FX" CZj DW zHMa Wa 7MZDZ 3Z 3e' [XWZJ ,3 LX;Fa LP FX" CZj 6O 3Z [3OZMZ 8ZO %Fa LZXj 3FJBO KO %=Z ,3 zHMa LP % :ZBZ CZj De %Fa 3< WA:\ De T1B 3F [Q, JyB XeB\ C\j [L8_-LWZQZ, ?MZ:, $DO3, QXW]F 1O ?ZQ?Z 6\ 3< JZB 3OQ Be 8ZO %Fa Wa 7MZDZ 3>9 F JFBZ CZj 6O LP BeBZ CZj ,3 HbWa Oe: 3Z 48_ CZ (W3Zj LN Oe: J[FMa 3< w3ZF Wa DZQ 4O;DB\ C\j XO; [L8_ WA:\ 3F WZC % X; :ZB\ C\j BeBa 3F $QZTZ 6O LP 3>_Z K\ CZj 3>_a 3Z 3e' 46 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
48_ FX" CZj :e 3>9 J8 :ZBZ 3>_Z 4Z QaBZ 1O XO OZB XeBa X; TIZDZO; 3< JZB $HF\ 5N> LP JNE QaBZj 3>_Z K\ 4]U 1O 6O 3F Qe5 K\ W"B]I=j 6O LP ,3 WDJM 1O CZ, :e $J FX" OXZj (W3< MZDQ UaV C\j TX CZ OXL^j OXL^ MZF\ BFW]4 3Z JZHj Ja=E 3e H'ZFa-[Q4ZFa 3F 813O LP 0TO =Z&L 3OFa Q5Zj TX QiLF [W"X %@j[BMZ 3< %'B HO JaQDZO CZj ,3 LZX LP %> zHMa BF2TZX, De zHMa 0TO =Z'L 3Fj zHMa y, 3>Q :LZ DWj DW zHMa LP 6O 3Z 48_ L][F3Q Wa 8Q HZBZ CZj ,3 OZB TX y%, [:WFa 6O 3F 8ZO WDJMQ 3e $FZC 3O [DMZj OXL^ HO Je[OMQ 3< @N5 [5O 5'j 5eDZL LP [3BF\ Je[OMN C!, 9XWZJ F CZj ,3 JeO; LP J\W WaO 5a$ CZj QiLF [W"X %'[BMZ K\ 8QZ 5MZ CZj TIZDZO JaQDZO :e CZ OXL^j (Wa Be OZB 3F JZOX J:a B3 3ZL 3OFZ CZj OXL^ 3F L]"X Wa (I B3 FX" [F3Q\ C\j [IO K\ L^3 D;TZOQ Fa W]FZ CZ 1O DE4Z K\j D;TZOQ 3O K\ KQZ 1MZ W3B\ C!? WZO; OZB OXL^ Je[OMQ 3F F\8a DJZ OXZj $5Qa [DF 3Z (:ZQZ DE4 FX" W3Z CZ OXL^j 6O Wa :\[TB 8QZ CZ 1O QZU 3F |H LP Qf=Z CZ TXj %'[BMZ 3< %"4Q LP [3BFa %"W^ Ca LZQ^L FX" HO LN 3< %"4Q LP
Be 5"5Z-ML]FZ KO %' C\j BFW]4 3< %"4Q LP K\ 3L %"W^ F Caj 3>_a 3e LZQ^L F CZj 6O 3Z LZ[Q3 3XN 8QZ 5MZ CZj (W3< %"4Q LP [:eZWZ KZT CZj TX JZO-JZO W&3 B3 :ZBZ 1O [FOZU Xe3O Qf= %BZj BeBa 3< %"4P K\ 3>9 BQZU OX; C\"j BeBZ [H":OE LP CZ 1O [H":OE 3Z DOTZ:Z J"D CZj HO OXL^ 3Z UO;O :\TF 3F [H":OE Wa L]1B Xe 5MZ CZj 6O 3F LZ[Q3 3< $:Q-L:Q Xe 5' C\j De [DF JZD %'[BMZ Qf=Z CZj (WFa BFW]4 3F XZC HO H")X zHMa O4a Caj DW zHMa BF2TZX 1O HN8 zHMa L]%T:Zj O3L 3e [WIa DE4Z CZ BFW]4 Fa 1O LN Fa K\j 3XBa K\ KQZ 1MZj 8QBa y, %'[BMZ Fa 3XZ CZ, AWJ KZ3M 3Z IFO XGj (W HO [3W\ 3Z JW FX"jB HO LN 3Z LF F LZFBZ CZj (W3F K\BO Wa JZO-JZO WTZQ-DO-WTZQ (KOBa Caj CXZOE 4WL 3F WZC [3JLB Fa 1MQ D5Z [3MZ? WTZQ BFW]4 3F K\BO K\ Caj %'[BMZ 5eDZL LP &BFZ WLZF KOBZ X; 1MQ XG, [:WWa w6_=FZ Xe :Z,j HZO WZQ K\ ,3 L:vO 3< Je[OMQ 3F F\8a DJ 3O LfB Xe 5' C\j (W3F K\BO [IO FMZ WTZQ (KOZ CZj LfB %[4O L:vOQ 3< X; 1MQ XeB\ XG? %'[BMZ 8QZ 5MZ CZj (W3F [D, y, H")X zHMa $K\ TX" O4a Caj (>ZFa 3< [XCLB F y' DeFQ LP Wa [3W\ 3<j DeFQ 3F K\BO 3WbQ\ MZDQ C!j 5MZ y% %DL\ 3K\ Qf=BZ FX", Qa[3F (W3< MZD7a JZO-JZO Qf= OX; C!j LN-Ja=E DeFQ $3FQa OX 5, Caj BFW]4 B&3F X; (> 5MZ CZj %: 3< W]JX
Fa (W3F K\BO :bWa :eU 1O (;WZX 3Z W"8ZO [3MZ CZj F, 2[IW TX ,3 LX;Fa HbDQ X; %BZ-:ZBZ OXZ CZj H^OE HN8 L\Q CZ %[IWj HN8 L\Q :ZFZ 1O HN8 L\Q Qf=FZj %: HXQ\ JZO TX WZ&[3Q Wa 2[IW :Z,5Zj BF2TZX QaBa y, X; (WFa 3L_8Z[OMQ Wa JBQZ [DMZ CZj 3>9 HbWZ LN Fa &3iZ [3MZ 1O 3>9 HbWZ JZH Fa O4 9e&Z CZj H8ZW zHMa 3< WZ&[3Q 4O;D; C\ 9=h\ TZQa [DF JZ:ZO :Z3Oj LN Fa :ED; Wa 8ZM JFZ'j DeFQ Fa H\j J\8-J\8 LP TX WZ&[3Q 3H&E Wa WZI 3O QaBZ CZj WZ&[3Q 4^J 8L3Fa Q5\ C\j BFW]4 3K\ 5K; HO XZC IFOBZ Be 3K\ XW?Q HOj WZ&[3Q WZI 3O TX F5OHZ[Q3Z 3F FQ HO FXZFa 8QZ 5MZj &W J\8 LN Fa Oe[=MN WP3 Q\ C!j %: %Q^ 3< WA:\ J&E 8ZT Wa JFZ' C\j BFW]4 Fa 3H&E HXFaj [IO U\Ua 3F WZLFa :Z3O JZQQ LP 386\ 3<j JZD LP 8?HQ 3< H[hMQ 3e 5"DE 3H&E Wa WZI [3MZj LN Fa Oe[=MN 3H&E LP QHa= 3O DEBa y, 3XZ, ADE2Z WZ&[3Q >;3 Wa 8QZFZj JOE3 Be DE4 [Q, XW Fj WJ >;3 XG FjB :TZJ LP JeQZ CZ, AXN LN, WJ >;3 XGjB
OE4N3F# w5O D_
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 47
A1O 6"=;jB ATX K\ >;3 XGjB LN Fa [IO WL;ZMZ CZ, AWZ&[3Q %OZL Wa 8QZFZj [3W\ 3e =13O F LZO DEFZjB X7WBa y, JeQZ CZ, AB^ [I3O LB 3O LNjB BK\ JZXO Wa [3W\ 3F 4NWFa 3< %TZ: %'j DeFQ Fa HX8ZFZ CZj MX Be WZx3ZO 3< %TZ: C\j HQKO LP WZx3ZO WZLFa CZj BFW]4 Fa FLJBa 3<j HO WZx3ZO Fa :TZJ FX" [DMZj (W3< %"4Q LP 3>9 OQ5 OXZ CZj %Ba X; WZx3ZO JeQZ, ABFW]4, BaOE JZH Fa 3:O [QMZ CZj B^Fa TX Be 8]3ZMZ FX" 1O F' WZ&[3Q 4O;D Q\jB AHO JZH^ Fa Be 3K\ JBZMZ FX"jB WZx3ZO 3F JTO LP FZOZ:5\ (KO;, A$J Be HBZ 8Q 5MZjB BFW]4 1MZ JeQa? BK\ JeQZ CZ WZx3ZO, ALV WZ&[3Q Qa :Z OXZ $j 3:O 8]3Z DEFZ 1O WZ&[3Q Qa QaFZjB WZx3ZO Fa F' WZ&[3Q J=W? Wa (BZO; 1O Qa3O :ZFa Q5Zj LN-Ja=E DeFQ $TZ3 OX 5,j UAD Xe>Q 3F BZ\BO X; OX 5, Caj W]JX 3Z (:ZQZ :bWa $"EaOE LP JDQFa Q5Z CZj l
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
< 3CZ-3XZF\ >
9XJWa 3< $[JCMN ALOFa TZQZ LaOE $3FQa 3Z [HBZ FX" CZ, BaOZ K\ [HBZ CZjB OZL+3ZU Fa %"4P 8L3ZBa y, 9e=E KZ' D;F^ Wa 3XZ CZj OZL+3ZU $J OZL^ Wa OZL+3ZU JF 5MZ XGj Qa[3F D;FZFZC 5NT LP OXBa y, D;F^ X; JF 3O W^O:HZQ 8fXZF 5MZ CZj [HBZ Fa J3AQ Be DeFQ KZ&MQ 3e Ka:Z CZ, Qa[3F D;FZFZC U]| Wa X; LZBZ-[HBZ 3F W"5 6O 3F 3ZMU 3F WZC-WZC 5NT 3F JW\>Q 3F 6OQ LP 3ZM_ 3OFa LP XZC J"=ZBZ OXZj FB\:BF TX H'Z' LP [H9& 5MZ 1O HN8T! 3^Z Wa %5a H' F W3Zj %:, OZL+3ZU [U^Z H^O; 3O UXO 3F ,3 WO3ZO; JV3 LP LbFa:O 3F HD HO 3ZM_OB XGj 3ZO, WO3ZO; J"5QZ, $"$a:\ J3AQQ LP H'Ba (W3F J~a 1O H;F\ K\ UXO 3F J3AQ LP $0MZ[H3Zj %E][F3 W][TEZ0" Wa H[OH^A_ XG OZL+3ZU 3Z :\TFj $J (W3Z 5NT LP :ZFZ 3'-3' TVU JZD Xe HZBZ XGj $J3< JZO Q5K5 B\F TVU 3F JZD 5NT LP [HBZ 3F J\LZO XeFa 3< 4JO HZ3O TX UXO Wa (>XQ DE4Fa %MZ CZj 3XWO$JB [HBZ Fa 8ZO LZX Wa $[E3 WLM Wa 4Z= H3& O4\ C\j D;F^ Fa (W3Z JyB (H8ZO 3OZMZj H;F\ 3F 5XFa, De KVWP, 1O Be 1O 4aB\ 3< HN8 J\6Z :L\F Ja83O K\ D;F^ Fa [HBZ 3F (H8ZO LP Q5Z D;j Qa[3F (>XQ J8ZMZ FX" :Z W3Zj D;F^ 3< :bWa 3LO X; =@= 5'j :e 3>9 (W3F HZW CZ TX [HBZ 3< J\LZO; HO Q5Z [DMZj (W3F )HO 5NT 3F L][4MZ 3F 8ZQ\W X:ZO zHMa K\ 3:_ :>L# 20 $+bQ, 1955, I>WZTQ\, (_O +DEUj +3Z[UB 3,[BMN # +MZW, 1MQ [TFTZW 3|7, 3J Xe5\ TX KeO (3[TBZ W"$X), J~a W~a :3JWa 1O LE]O JZQ 5\B (JZQ 3[TBZ,7),T\O MeJZ LZBZD;F (:\TF\), 9X7D; 3F D[QB 3XZF\ 3ZOQ 3< HXQ\ 3XZF\ (W"HZDF), [BOJ3DB 1O W"B?B (%;L3CZ,7), XGO; 3J %,5Z, FMZ 'ZUA, Ee4Z (3XZF\ W"$X), :L_F ,T" $>M
3F Xe 5, Caj (Wa [8"BZ 4Z, :Z OX; C\ [3 TX $J L][4MZ 3Z 3:O 3HWa (BZO HZ,5Zj WJ 3>9 (W3F XZC Wa :ZBZ OXZj J&E KZ' Fa 5NT %Fa Wa HXQa [HBZ 3F &QZ: 3F [Q, O3L 3F FZL HO LZ2 HN8 Wf zHMa Ka:a Caj D;F^ Wa (W3F J\LZO [HBZ Fa 3' JZO 3XZ CZ [3 TX (F3F &QZ: LP O3L F Q5Z,j (>XQ HBZ 8Q 5MZ CZ [3 TX [3W\ KM"3O Oe5 Wa $JB XGj $J TX J8 F W3R5aj Qa[3F D;F^ Fa (F3F (H8ZO HO [DF-OZB ,3 3O [D,j TX (>XQ Qa3O [DEQ\ 3F 2Q &7[?MZ &7J=;=3^= 2I La[?3Q WZ&7Wa: K\ 5MZ, Qa[3F [HBZ 3< J\LZO; E\OE-E\OE KM"3O |H QaB\ 5'j D;F^ Fa K\ $"B B3 [XCLB FX" XZO;j ,3 3XZTB K\ XG, A:J B3 WNW, BJ B3 %WBj TX &W\ (CL\D LP CZ [3 UZMD 3e' 3[OFLZ Xe :Z, 1O (W3F [HBZ >;3 Xe :Z,7j Qa[3F XeF\ 3e KQZ 3fF =ZQ W3Z XGj DeFQ KZ' [HBZ 3< L_;M] 3F JZD B\WOE [DF [8BZ 3< OZ4 3< @EO; Wa $[JCMN 8]FFa LP Q5a Caj BK\ J&E KZ' OZL+3ZU Fa [IO TX; UAD DeXOZBa y, D;F^ Wa 3XZ, A...LOFa TZQZ LaOE $3FQa 3Z JZH FX", BaOZ K\ JZH CZjB (WFa $HF\ JZB %5a J'ZBa y, [IO 3XZ, A$[JCMN Qa3O LaOE W"5 B];a X[OMZO 8QFZ Xe5Zj MZD O4FZ, $HFa %Fa-:ZFa 3F 48_ 3Z JTM" +J"E 3O QaFZ, LaOE J^Ba HO LB OXFZj LV $J IA=; 3f&; B3 48_ F 3|75ZjB D;F^ Fa J&E KZ' 3< JZB W]F3O 3e' (_O FX" [DMZj TX 8]H8ZH [8BZ Wa $[JCMN 8]F-8]F3O 3H&E 3< WIFD CbQ\ LP ?ZQBZ OXZj $[JCMN Qa3O DeFQ 6O 3< 0O 8Q H&Ej ABaO; KZK\ 1O KZOB\M KZVZ0" LP O8FZ,7 $F^9DB ,T" +3Z[UBj WCLZF # OLZ3NB JL_[B 3XZF\ H]OJ3ZO, 9X7D; $3ZDL\, 9DEQ\ MZOZ 3D[B WCLZF, OZI7H[B MZOZ W]'U:ML KZOB\ H]OJ3ZOj W"+[B # ,W=;W\ 2I &79?MZ [Q.F' 9DEQ\ LP L]2M +J"E3j W"H3=# ?;-20, ,W=;W\ 3gQeF\, LXOfQ\ Oe?, F' 9DEQ\-17
48 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
J~Q 3F WZC L];a LN UaOZTZQ\ 3F DU_F 3OFa MZ2Z HO :ZFZ CZ Qa[3F &F3< J\LZO; 3< 4JO W]F3O..., XLZO; Be MZ2Z K\ EO; 3< EO; OX 5'j $J F :ZFa 3J LbMZ 3Z J]QZTZ %,5ZjB OZJBa LP 5D`F L=3ZBa y, D;F^ Wa OZL+3ZU Fa 3XZ CZj AK&MZ, B]L Be 3gQa: LP H'Ba WLM ?g. WZXEJ 3< [U^Z 1O JfJ DU_F 3< JZBP 3OBa Caj $J 1MZ y% B]CXQjB D;F^ Fa $8O: GM1B 3OBa y, J&E KZ' Wa 3XZ CZj AJa3ZO 3< JZBP LB 3O 1O L];Wa L]"X LB Q5j 3HWZ JfJ-DU_F 1O 3HW\ $"Ja?3O 3< [U^Zj JZJZ WZXEJ DET\ LbMZ MZ K5TZF Wa J&E F Xe 5,j DE4 B^ Be HN8T! H'3O OX 5MZj L];a DE4, LV K5TZF 3< 3DHZ Wa 3XN Wa 3XN H#8 5MZjB OZL+3ZU ,3 Of LP JeQ 5MZ CZj vWOE [DF W]JX XeBa X; OZL+3ZU FXZ-Ee3O X[OMZO :ZFa 3< BbMZO; LP :]= 5MZj (WFa 9e=E KZ'
D;F^ Wa K\ WZC 8QFa 3< JZB MZD [DQZ' 1O 3XZ, A$OE, W^O: [WO 8' %MZ 1O B^ $K\ B3 BbMZO FX" y%j 1O [3BF\ DEO Q5Z,5Z, 8Q :ED; Wa BbMZO Xe :ZjB D;F^ J&E KZ' 3< JZBP W]F3O 3WLWZ (>Z CZj (WFa K\ W\Ea-W\Ea 3XZ, ALaO; :aJ LP &BFa HbWa FX" XW [3 B]CXZOE W"5 8Q W3A"jB AH'WZ FZ XW..., $OE JZH 3F &QZ: 3F FZL HO HN8 J\6Z :L\F Ja83O 4Z 5Mf..., 3XTa XG [3 zHMZ FZM" XWjB OZL+3ZU Fa K&3Ba y, D;F^ HO %OeH Q5ZBa y, 3XZ CZj J&E KZ' 3< JZB W]F3O D;F^ [BQ[LQZ 3O OX 5MZj (Wa $J J8HF 3< WZO; 6=FZ,7 8Q[82 3< KN[B ,3-,3 3O3F 6^LB\ F:O % OX; C!j [HBZ Fa [3F-[3F L]W\JBQ 3Z WZLFZ 3OBa y, DW J\6Z :L\F LP Wa HN8 J\6Z :L\F Ja83O OZL+3ZU 3< H'Z'-[Q4Z' LP Q5Z D; C\j D;F^ 3< %"4P KO %' C!j (WFa KOO, 5Qa Wa J&E KZ' 3F WZLFa $HF\ JZB O4\, ALaOE [Q, 5"5Z 1O 5NT 3F HZW JXB\ FD; LP 3e' $"BO FX" XG, FD; WK\ ,3 :bW\..., B]LFa :\Ba :\ Be [HBZ 3< W]E FX" Q\ 1O $J 8Qa 5"5Z FD; LP $[JCMN JXZFajB D;F^ Fa 5Qa LP H&E $"5e9E 3F ,3 9eO Wa @Q3 %, %"W]0" 3e HQ9Ba y, $HF\ JZB :ZO; O2Z\j AK&MZ, LaOE [XJWa 3< [HBZ 3< $[JCMN He=Q\ Wa [F3ZQ 3O $Q5 O4 De, 5NT 3F [F3= JX OX; FD; LP JXZ %)75ZjB D;F^ 3< JZBP W]F3O OZL+3ZU 3e :bWa WNH W^"6 5MZ Xej (WWa 3>9 JeQBa FX" JF OXZ CZj TX $HFZ L]"X 4eQa [3 (WWa HXQa D;F^ Fa [IO 3XZ, AB]L H'-[Q43O 7MZDZ X; WL;DZO Xe 5, Xe..., $J LV 1MZ 3$, B]L 3>+CZ0" 3e @eBa OXej LV F @eFa 3Z &>XQjB D;F^ 3F JTO LP &W JZO Ba:\ C\j OZL+3ZU $J W3H3Z 3O OX 5MZ CZj TX Be MX; We8a Jb>Z CZ [3 D;F^ (W3F WZLFa L]"X FX" 4eQa5Z 1O (W3< WK\ JZBa" LZFBZ 8QZ :Z,5Zj TX D;F^ 3F WZLFa JyB DEO B3 [38B]-HO7B] 3OBZ OXZ Qa[3F D;F^ Fa (W3< ,3 FX" W]F\j 3>9 DEO 3< 8]?H\ 3F JZD D;F^ Fa (Wa MZD [DQZBa y, [IO 3XZ, AK&MZ, JZJZ WZXEJ Fa W8 X; 3XZ CZ [3 (>XQ WLZ: 3F H@Ej-[Q4a Qe5Q Fa Ee4Z [DMZ XGjB 9e=E KZ' 3F WZLFa OZL+3ZU 5D`F Q=3Z, ,3 0O 3e 8QZ 5MZ CZj l
OE4N3F# w5O D_
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 49
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
:M+3ZU 3D<L
:F 3< KZVZ LP
LaOE DeJB LaOE [Q, (W KZVZ LP L"5Q 3ZLFZ LB 3Oe :e KZVZ 3K\ LaO; FX" OX; [:W3F [Q, OXZ LV WDGT $";M:, $JH_FM LaOE DeJB, (W KZVZ LP LaO; +U[JB 3F 5\B LB [Q4e [:W KZVZ LP [Q4a 5, LaOE DLF 3F DJBZTa: [:F3F B\O :bWa F]3<Qa UAD J!E :ZBa XW LaOE 3Qa:a 3e 3O DEBa XW %XB LaO; 8aBFZ 3e %: K\ LV $JT\3ZOBZ x7, [E13ZOBZ x7 $HFa [TOeE LP 4&; (W DET KZVZ 3e [:W3Z (58ZOA 3OFa LZ2 Wa 3Z=; 5' XG LaO; [:TZ Ie&; 5' XW LaO; %"4P 5L_ WQZ4Q Wa L];a FIOB XG (W KZVZ 3F W"J3ZOQ Wa (W3F UZJ2\M WOe3ZOQ Wa (W KZVZ LP $[KF"DF 3O LaOZ $HLZF LB 3Oe L];a (W KZVZ LP W"Je[EB 3O LB J]QZ0 LV DET FX" :F x7 L];Wa :F 3< KZVZ LP J[BMZ0j
U)D
UADQ 3F :Zv5O UADQ 3Z 8L;3ZO [D4ZBa XW UADQ 3F [4QZ&; UADQ Wa 4aQBa XW UADQ 3F H"[?B
UADQ 3Z HN[?;M [D4ZBa XW UADQ 3F GMZHZO; UADQ 3< w3ZF W:ZBa XW UADQ 3< $HF\ 3e' KZVZ 3e' :]JZF FX" XeB\ UADQ 3Z $HFZ 3e' WRDM_ MZ W_Z FX" XeB\ UAD TX 3XBa XW :e (FWa 3XQTZMZ :ZBZ XG UAD BZJaDZO XeBa XW UADQ 3Z $HFZ 3e' T:^D FX" XeBZ :J B3 UAD 3FTQ UAD XeBa XW BJ B3 UADQ 3F $C_ FX" XeBaj
JZ"E
FD;, B]L (IFB\ 1MQ Xe $HF\ W\LZ LP 1MQ FX" OXB\ E\OE-E\OE 1MQ FX" JXB\ 1MQ Ja6O 3OB\ Xe Qe5Q 3e FI= 3OB\ Xe (F3< IWQP 0TJB 3OB\ Xe (F3F L3ZF JXZ Qa :ZB\ Xe (F3F LTa[UMQ B3 3e K\ $HFa WZC 9e& :ZB\ Xe LXZLZ[OMZ" GMZH3 [TFZU 3F JZD B]L 1MQ K^Q :ZB\ Xe JZ"E JFZFa % 5, XW $J Qe5Q 3e [3BF\ X; Ja5TB\ F[DMQ HO JFZ [Q, 5, XW JZ"E 3O [QMZ 5MZ XG (>XQ 3ZJ^ [3W\ [DF B]L HO K\ JFZ [QMZ 5MZ JZ"E 3O [QMZ 5MZ B]CXQ 3ZJ^ BJ B]L 1MZ 3Oe5\ [3EO Wa JXe5\?
50 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
We LB DEFZ
LaOE UADe, :Z5Ba OXe WTaOZ XeFa Wa HXQa We LB DEFZ $HFa $C_ LB 4e DEFZ JyB Wa UADQ 3e 4BOZ XG B]CXZOE $CQ` Wa 9;F QaFZ 8ZXBa XW Ta B]LWa B]CXZOE $C_ %,75a JyB WZOE UAD UZJ2Q, LXZ3ZGMQ 1O &[BXZW $"CQ Wa [F3Q3O B]CXZOE $CU 3e X[CMZFa 3F [Q, BOX-BOX 3F TaU LP WJ 3F WJ B]CXZOE +[B $HF;T :BZ,75a, B]CXQ 5Qa Wa Q5Z,75a Qa[3F $"DO X; $"DO WBM W"_Z"BQ 3< &W JJB\ LP B]L 3XZ" Wa % 6]Wa &W HO [BQ[LQZ,75a 1O 8ZXQ5a [3 ?OZ3O, EL3Z3O MZ I>WQZ3O :bWa K\ Xe B]LWa B]CXZOE $CU 3e X&H [QMZ :Z, 1O DEU 1O WLZ: 3Z K":3 JBZ3O B]L3e &W JJB\ Wa 4DE& [DMZ :Z, WZTEZF, LaOE UADe, B]CXZOE 8ZOQ 0O [5JQ 3Z 6aOZ XG LB K^Qe B]L T"[8BQ 3< $[JLBZ 3F HXOEDZO Xe (F3< (CL\DQ 3Z %EZO Xe D[QBQ 3F :Z5Fa Wa HXQa We LB DEFZ $HFa $C_ LB 4e DEFZj
OE4N3F# w5O D_
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
< 3[TBZ >
[HBZ K\ Be XeBa X9 LN
LVFa HZHZ 3< %"4Q LP DE4Z $HF\ LN 3Z 8aXOZ HZHZ LN X; Be XW, -WZ LXW^WZ LN 5]:O :ZB\ XG $^O [W4ZBa-[W4ZBa 1O HZHZ Qa QaBa XW LN 3< :5X :e w4 3< :5X K\ XG LN 3< =@=B\ WNWQ 3F WZC =@=Fa FX" DEBa Ja=; 3F [T3ZW 3Z WHFZ 1O 3OBa XW [O[1BH^[B_ 3Z KOH^O +MZW LN 3< 3L\ 3e 3L\ 3XBa y, z3B\ XG LaO; :]JZF [HBZ 3F [3, 3F %5a LN 3< BOX HZHZ Fa [W4ZMZ (>FZ-Jb>FZ H'FZ-[Q4FZ [WQFZ-J]FFZ 4ZFZ-H3ZFZ OXFZ-WXFZ TX W]QZBa Ca L];a $HFa W\Fa Wa Q5Z3O LCL\ 3< BOX LaOE 3H&Q 3e EeBa Ca $HFa XZCQ Wa 3OBa Ca LaOE 3H&Q HO +aW FXQZBa Ca L];a O5&-O5& 3O LaO; 8e[=MN 5^"CBa Ca JZQQ LP BaQ Q5Z3O 4ZFZ [4QZBa Ca $HFa XZCQ Wa [FTZQZ Be&-Be& 3O BK\ [LQB\ C\ (F3e B_[?B 5NT Qa :ZBa Ca $HFa WZC 5>Fa 3F 4aB LP OX= 3F HZW Ha& 3< 9ZMZ LP [J9Z DEBa Ca $"5e9Z $HFZ (W HO [J>Z 3O L]QZML T OW\Qa 5>Fa 3e 9;Q3O 9e=E-9e=E ==3&E 3Z= 3O O4 DEBa Ca LaOE WZLFa 4;L XeFa Wa HXQa DeXOZBa Ca +["MZ
O:B OZF\ )L\F^*
BJ B3 :J B3 KO FX" :ZBZ CZ LaOZ Ha= WZ&[3Q 3F 3H[OMO HO Jb>Z3O Qa :ZBa Ca J3AQ 0MZF Wa 3OZBa Ca QZ&F HZO :J JZ:ZO :ZBa Ca %FTJB 3O :ZBa %Ba Be [877Z\ :|O QZBa Ca $HFa WZC LaOE HZHZ XZO;-J\LZO; LP K\ O4Ba Ca LaOZ H^OZ 2MZQ Ce&Z K\ 7TO 8'BZ HZHZ HOEUZF XeBa 3K\ 5eD LP 3K\ 38Ea HO [J>Z ?g1=O 3F HZW Qa :ZBa 1O ,3 [DF HZHZ JWZ QaBa XW $HFZ 6O J'B\ XW (F3< [:CLaDZ[OMN LV (F3< 92-9ZMZ LP H'B\-J'B\ H#8B\ $
,L. ,. J\.,?. B3 $HF\ DTZ 3F HbWa 8]H8ZH LaO; L]i\ LP 9=HZ DEBa Ca 3XBa Ca, H'e-J'e %TaDF 3Oe ,L. ,. 3Oe HO TX ?OBa Ca [3WWa 1O 1MQ? LaOE [Q, U]E3 3Z &7B:ZL 3OBa y, LaOE [TTZX 3F [Q, &7B:ZL 3OBa y, LaOE HZHZ LV (_\A_ XeB\ C\ HZHZ 3e Q5BZ CZ TX; HZW Xe 5, XW HO;^Z LP JN=Ba Ca [L>Z' LFZBa Ca 4][UMN (F3< %"4Q LP 8L3BZ XG LN :bWZ ?MZO [HBZ LP %: K\ WLZ' Q5B\ LN [HBZ K\ Be XeBa XW LNj 52 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
OE4N3F# w5O D_
JHg=QZ&= H9O[UI=
T_"DZTF LP +aL L"9DO 3Z Qe3ZH_A n n
OZ:JCZF 1O (+ 3F ,3 X:ZO [UEH3ZOQ 3e L"[DO [FLOA LP Q5a 11 WZQ 3QU MZ2Z, UeKZ MZ2Z 1O JbQ^F Ue OXE WLZOeX 3F L]2M %3V_A
XWj +aL L"[DO TZJB]3QZ 3F LZ0ML Wa [DGM +aL 3e WZ3ZO T_"DZTF# :Z[B, TA_ 1O DEU 3Z KaD [L=Z3O W"H^A_ [TW LP +aL 3OBZ XGj TA_, :Z[B, DEU %[D 3Z KaD [L=Z3O W"H^A_ [TFT 3< WTT58 W_Z 3ZML 3OFa 3F [Q, K5TZF 3\3DIA T (F3< 3e [DGM +aL %F"D 3F 5K_ LP J]QZFa 3F [Q, &W L"[DO 3F MZO %SZ9DF\ U[1B OZEZ OZF\ 3< [DGM +aL Q\QZ0" 3< WZ^\ WK\ [DUZ0" LP 4]QBa XWj L]2M +TaU MZOQ HO $I= LM^OQ 3F T_"DZTF F5O; LP :5D5]z 3DHZQ] :\ LXZOZ: Fa $DYKK]B +aL L"[DO FgZU\DZO BeOA JFZ, 5, XWj H^OE L"[DO 3< JZXO; D;TZOQ HO 3Z [FLOA 3OTZMZ XGj WLJB WZE3Q 3F +aLZ3]0" T WaTZ 3< 3\OZEZ 3DIA 3< Q\QZ0" 3e [UEHZ"[3B [3MZ 5MZ XGj &F +aL [F[E Wa BbMZO &W $[MB\M 3\OZEZ 3DIA +aL L"[DO 3Z Tb[D3 Q\QZ0" LP K5TZF 3< K[1BTFMBZ 1O +aL [TTUBZ 3e L"2e58ZOA 1O +aL 3<B_F 3F J\8 17 IOTO; 3e Qe3ZH_A OE4Z"[3B [3MZ 5MZ XGj [3MZ 5MZj &WWa H^T_ 15 IOTO; 3e W]JX WZB J:a [TUZQ &W\ +3ZO +aL L"[DO 3< K\BO; D;TZOQ HO [T[K>F HbFQQ 3QU MZ2Z [F3ZQ\ 5'j WeQX IOTO; 3e UeKZ MZ2Z 1O LP 3\OZEZ 3DIA 1O 3\ LXZOZ: 3< [T[TE ;Z"[3MQ 3e +JB]B 17 IOTO; 3e +ZA +[BI>Z, D;H +77TQF, DET\ DU_F 3ZM_"L [3MZ 5MZ XGj &=Z[QMF 3OZOZ +JBOQ 3e BOZU3O D;TZOQ HO y%j (W3F JZD HXQ\ %OB\ y' 1O JbQ^F Ue %Me[:B 8ZOQ 0O HfOZ[A3 &[BXZW 3e +JB]B [3MZ 5MZ XGj H^OE L"[DO [3MZ 5MZj LP :5X-:5X 3\ LXZOZ: MZOZ O[8B A+aL OW L[DOZB 3F HDQ 3MZOX WZQ 3F 3>eO 3L 3F JZD BbMZO y% MX KGM M]5Q 3Z [Q?MZ"3F [3MZ 5MZ XGj De L"[:QZ +aL L"[DO 3F K^BQ HO [TXZOZQM-+aL L"[DO FTaB &=Z[QMF 3OZOZ W"5LOLO Wa BOZUZ 5MZ XGj 8[=3ZOZ LZ5_ HO [JCB 3\T_"DZTF EZL 3Z MX $[MB\M [T.T LP +aL 3< W_Z WT6~# 3\OZEZ 3DIA 3F WZC $I> LXZW[4MQ 3F L"2L]3E 3OFa TZQa WOQ [T$X +JB]B :3, 5, XWj +CL BQ HO 3\ W\BZOZL 3F M]5QZTZW +Z8\F KZOB\M [UEH3QZ 3F H]F:O$B XeFa 3F W"3FB 3DHZQ] :\ LXZOZ: 8bB>M [T$X +[B[I>B :3, 5, XWj H^OE L"[DO LP 94 3QZL"[?B DEBZ XGj MX L"[DO 3DHZQ] :\ LXZOZ: 3< 0O Wa &W F5O 3e WL[H_B ,3 [DGM +aLeHXZO XGj QZ4Q 3JZQ]0" 3< Lf:^D5\ LP 14 :FTO;, 2001 JB"K XW [:WLP [38[3O; BCZ L":O; W[4MQ 3F [T$X DUOMa 5, XWj 5K_5_X 3F $"DO 3e 3DHZQ] :\ LXZOZ: Fa +aL L"[DO 3Z [UQZ>MZW [3MZ CZj (W\ [DF Wa OZ:JCZF 1O JZXO +Z8\F KZOB\M TZJB][UEH 3Z (;3DI= +DU_F 3OB\ y' FgZU\ ,T" 1O (_O +DEU 3F 3O;J ,3 X:ZO [UEH3ZO $HFa X:ZOQ WXMe5\ 3[L3Q 3F WZC H58\3ZO; WJ3e Le[XB 3OB\ XGj MXZ" W"5LOLO 3< [83F\ JQa=Q HO AOZEZ 5e[T>D +aL L"[DO 3e 5'Fa LP :]=E Caj (F3F 11 WZQ 3F $C3 +MZWQ 3F JZD [F[L_B y' 5\BB 3F WOQ 1O WZO5[K_B DeXE +JB]B :3, 5, XW :e K[1BMe5 Wa K5TDK+Z[?B MX [TQ^A O8FZ WLJB UZJ2Q, TaDQ 3Z WZO 3\OZEZ OZF\ 3F +aL 3F WZ^ZB JT|H 3F WOQ 1O TaDWCLB LZ5_ +[BHZ[DB 3OBa XWj WFZBF Tb[D3 EL_ 3F $F]WZO 'FTO WT_GMZH\ XG Qa[3F XL WZEZOA LF]IMQ 3e 3e +3= 3OFa LP WIQ y' XGj 3DHZQ] :\ LXZOZ: 3XBa XW [3 [TFT LP :J B3 +aL 3< W_Z WTT58 JCZF (F3Z +;M^ $F]KT FX" Xe HZBZj L"[DOQ 1O [T$XQ LP 3\W[58DZF"D6F +K] 3< XZ[WQ FX" 3OE5\, [TFT 3Z %0MZ[;L3 3EMZA W"KT FX" XGj T_"DZTF LP 54 (H[JC[B LP XLZOZ [TFTZW Xe X; :ZBZ XGj &W\ 3ZOA O[W3Z8ZMU Fa :\TQ 3F ,3& LP [F[L_B MX +aL L"[DO 125 I>= )78Z, 122 I>= Q"JZ 1O 115 I>= 8f&Z %0MZ[;L3 3EMZA 3F [Q, -Wa KGM L"[DOQ 3< JCZHFZ 3< XGj &W\ (KEFM 3e XGj &WLP IGTZOE, 3\OZEZ 3DIA 3< LFeXO ;Z"[3MZ", 3\5eTE_FEZOA Q\QZ, 0MZF LP O43O 3DHZQ] :\ LXZOZ: Fa K\ W"H^A_ :5B LP +aL B;T 3< WTT58BZ 3e 3Z[QMZ FZ5 DLF Q\QZ, ;^QF Q\QZ,7 4^JW^OB (LZFQ 3F J\8 W]W[7:B 3< 5' JCZ[HB 3OFa 3F [Q, &W +aL L"[DO 3< JCZHFZ 3OTZ' XGj l ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 53
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
MZBFZ 3Z MCZC_ 1O L][1B 3Z JT?F Lf:^DZ [X7D; D[QB WZ[X;M LP WJWa L:J^B [TEZ %;L3CZ XG WZBTP DU3 3F %O7K LP LXZOZI7 LP", AD[QB HVCOB FZL Wa ,3 %"DeQF 3< U]z%B y'j MX %"DeQF KZOB\M WLZ: 3< L]2M0ZZOZ 3< W"J3D[B 3F +[BOe0Z LP D[QB :Z[BMQ 3< $[JLBZ 3e OE4Z"[3B 3OBZ CZj :Z[B +CZ 3F 3ZOA GMZ?B 9=%9@B 1O OZ:\T O%:F [5'O 5bOJOZJO; 3F [4QZI HVCW_ Fa WZLZ[:3 L^EMQ 3< H]FO`8FZ 3F H^ LP %TZ: J]Q"D 3< C\j &F %TZ:Q 3e W"J3D[B3[L_MQ Fa $HFa-$HFa 3QZ-LZ0MLQ 3F :[OMa O8FZ;L3 0ZZO D; C\j WZ[X;M LP &W3< :e O8FZ;L3 $[KGM[1B y', (Wa D[QB WZ[X;M 3Z FZL [LQZj LOZ>; Wa U]| y% D[QB WZ[X;M $>M KZOB\M KZVZ0" LP K\ O8Z :ZFa Q5Zj [X7D; LP D[QB WZ[X;M :OZ DEO Wa O8Z 5MZj 3ZOA CZ, [X7D; KZV\ &QZ3F 3Z LZF[W3 5>F 1O D[QB%"DeQF 3< DEO; Wa %LDj $>M KZVZ0" 3< B]QFZ LP [X7D; KZVZ 3Z D[QB-WZ[X;M L]2M0ZZOZ 3F JO$1W DEO Wa JCZ[HB y%j &Wa JT\3D[B K\ $Ha^Z3DB [TQ"J Wa [LQ\j [X7D; D[QB WZ[X;M HO :Z[BTZD; WZ[X;M XeFa 3Z %OeH Q5Zj )HO; BfO HO DE4Fa HO &W %OeH LP W~Z' F:O %B\ XGj HO TZJB[T3BZ MX XG [3 MX ,3 A;^>Z W8B XGj $WQ LP, D[QB WZ[X;M 3< $[KGM[1B 1O O8FZ;L3BZ 3Z WJWa LX;TH^A_ WheB KZOB\M WLZ: LP GMZ?B :Z[B 3F %0ZZO HO [3MZ :ZFa TZQZ KaDKZT BCZ &FWZF 3e &FWZF F WL;Fa 3Z $LZFT\M GMTXZO XGj &W "AOBZ 3< X; D[QB WZ[X;M LP WTO[0Z3 $[KGM[1B XeB\ XGj [QXZ:Z, &WLP D[QB XeFa 3< MZBFZ 1O D7U 3Z 3== MCZC_ 1O &WWa L][1B 3F JT?F 3Z [82A [LQBZ XGj WLM 3F WZC &W3< +["MZ LP B\4aHF 3Z I3a KQa X; %MZ XG, %"eU 3Z MX B\4ZHF JTZKZ[T3 K\ XGj %8ZM_ LXZT\O +WZD [MTaD; MZOZ W"HZ[DB AWOJTB\B ([WB"JO 1914) LP X;OZ ?eL 3< D[QB WL]DZM 3< H\&Z 3e JMZ" 3OFa TZQ\ +3Z[UB 3[TBZ 3e ,3 +JCZF LZF3O TB_LZF D[QB O8FZU\QBZ B3 3< MZ2Z HO 5fO 3OFa Wa %"eU 3F B\4aHF 3e WL;Z :Z W3BZ XGj 1O &W H^O; MZ2Z LP :Z[B 3F %0ZZO HO Xe OXE UeVA 3F MCZC_ 1O (WWa L][1B 3Z WHFZ Lf:^D [D4BZ XGj +W"5TU, %8ZM_ LXZT\O +WZD [MTaD; MZOZ
X;OZ ?eL 3< 3[TBZ AWOJTB\B LP 9ZHFZ 5fOBQJ XGj X;OZ ?eL 3< 3[TBZ Ke:H]O; LP [Q4\ 5' XGj (W DfO LP AWOJTB\B LP WZLZ>MB# ':KZVZ $CTZ 4&; JeQ\ :3 3[TBZ 3e X; :5X [LQB\ C\j AWOJTB\B BJ [X7D; 3< WJWa LX;TH^A_ WZ[X[;M3 H[23Z C\ 1O %8ZM_ [MTaD; WJWa +KZTUZQ\ W"HZD3j AWOJTB\B LP [3W\ O8FZ 3F 9HFa 3Z 4ZW LBQJ XeBZ CZj %8ZM_ [MTaD; Wa W"HZD3 Ca :e W^M_3Z"B [2HZ>; A[FOZQZB 3< 3[TBZ K\ Qf=Z W3Ba Caj (F [MTaD; :\ 3Z X;OZ ?eL O[8B WL]DZM [TUaV 3< MZBFZ 3e JBZFa TZQ\ 1O &W BOI We8Fa 3Z %$X 3OFa TZQ\ 3[TBZ 3e 9ZHFZ LZMFa O4BZ XGj [MTaD; :\ 3F W2B WZ[X[;M3 +[BLZF 1O &Wa AWOJTB\B 3< O8FZ0" HO DC'BZH^T_3 QZ5^ 3OFa W"J"0Z\ B<M 3e 0MZF LP O4Fa HO &W JZJB LX;T 3Z 3MZW Q5ZMZ :Z W3BZ XGj WZC X; LF LP MX WTZQ K\ (>BZ XG [3 %8ZM_ [MTaD; 3e X;OZ ?eL 3< &W O8FZ LP 1MZ [D4Zj [F[F8B BfO HO %8ZM_ [MTaD; 3e &W 3[TBZ LP [8[2B 3== MCZC_ Fa X; +KZ[TB [3MZ Xe5Zj FB\:BF (>XQFa AWOJTB\B LP (Wa :5X D; Xe5\j [X7D; 3F D[QB WZ[X;M 3e HZO7H[O3 WZ[X[;M3 LZFD7?Q 3e H^OZ F 3OFa 3F 3ZOA 3L:eO WL;Z-JBZMZ 5MZj WZC X; &Wa 5bO WZ[X[;M3, LX: WLZ:UZJ2\M 1O WZ[X;M 3e 4"[?B 3OFa TZQ\ $[KGM[1B K\ 3XZ 5MZj MXN [IO %8ZM_ LXZT\O +WZD [MTaD; 3F +W"5 3e MZD 3OFZ TZ[:J Xe5Zj X;OZ ?eL 3< 3[TBZ %8ZM_ [MTaD; 3F WZ[X[;M3 +[BLZFQ 3F L]BZ[J3 F XeFa 3F JZT:^D AWOJTB\B LP :5X HZFa LP WIQ y'j MZF\ (WFa WZ[X[;M3 O8FZ 3Z D:O HZMZj &W %0ZZO HO 3XZ :Z 54 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
OE4N3F# w5O D_
WZ'X;M [TUaVN3 D[QB Qa4F
OE4N3F# w5O D_
W3BZ XG [3 HXQa 3F LZFD7?Q 3F %0ZZO HO &F 3D[BMQ 3e 4Z[O: FX" [3MZ :Z W3BZ XGj vWO; JZB MX [3 D[QB WZ[X;M 3F O8a :ZFa Wa WZ[X;M 4"[?B 1O 3L:eO FX" y% $[HB] GMZH3 1O L:J^B y% XGj &W WZ[X;M Fa XZ[U, HO H&E BJ3Q 3F KZTQ-[T8ZOQ 3e KZVZ 3Z :ZLZ HXFZMZ XGj (F3< H\&Z 3e %TZ: D; XGj Lf:^DZ DfO LP D[QB $[JLBZ 3e OE4Z"[3B 3OFa TZQa [TLUU 3F O8FZ3ZOQ Fa WZ[X;M 3F DZMOE LP $J B3 F %, KZTQ, [T8ZOQ 3e QZ3O &W3F HZ= 3e IHQZMZ XGj K[1B WZ[X;M, +5[BU\Q WZ[X;M 3< 3&; LP DE4Fa Wa D[QB O8FZU\QBZ 1O D[QB WZ[X;M 3F LX;T 3e WL;Z :Z W3BZ XGj &F B\FQ DfOQ 3e ,3 3&; LP DE4Fa 3Z +JBZT O43O &F3F J\8 3F WLM, WL; 1O O8FZU\QBZ 3F I3a 3e F:O$"DZ: FX" [3MZ :Z OXZ XGj HO :bWa K[1B WZ[X;M 1O +5[BU\Q WZ[X;M Fa XLZOE WLZ: 3F (F 3eFQ-$"BOQ 3e WZLFa QZ3O O8FZ;L3 $[KGM[1B +DZF 3< C\ 1O &WWa WZ[X;M 3Z [TJBZO 1O [T3ZW [3MZ CZ, TbWa X; D[QB WZ[X;M Fa [3MZ XGj -WZ FX" XG [3 Lf:^DZ D[QB WZ[X;M Fa HXQ\ DIZ -WZ [3MZ XGj T8_JTL^Q3 WZLZ[:3 W"O8FZ 3e HXQa
K\ 8]FfB\ [LQB\ OX; XGj [F5]_A K1B 3[TMQ Fa K\ T5?M WL; 3F [XWZJ Wa T8_JTL^Q3 W"O8FZ 3< [UFZ2B 3O (Wa 8]FfB\ D; C\j Lf:^DZ D[QB WZ[X;M Fa JBZMZ XG [3 (F3< :Z[B 3Z LWQZ 1O T5_ 3Z WTZQ ,3-vWOE Wa $QXDZ FX" XG J[E3 DeFQ LP $F>Me>MZ3M W"J"E XGj Lf:^DZ [X7D; D[QB WZ[X;M LP WJWa L:J^B %;L3CZ [T0ZZ XGj LeXFDZW Fb[LUOZM ($HFa$HFa [H":&E), 0L+3ZU TZEL\[3 (:^>F), 3fUEMZ JbW"2\ (DeXOZ $[BZUZH), FMfOZ: [W"X Ja8bF (LaOZ J8HF LaOE 380ZQ HO), W^O:HZQ 8fXZF ([BOJ3DB, W"B?B) 1O B]QW\OZL (L]D`[XMZ) %[D Qa43e" Fa $HF\ %;L3CZ [Q4Fa 3F "L LP :e A3>9 %HJ\B\, 3>9 :5J\B\B 3e [8[2B [3MZ XG, TX D[QB WZ[X;M 3< BZ3B XGj &F3F $QZTZ ,W. %O. XZOFe=, ?g. 0ZL_T\O, 38TQ KZOB\, [TLQ CeOZ=, XELQBZ LXEFTO, O;F3>LZO WZ"K[OMZ, Ba:[W"X, $:M FZT[OMZ WO;4a D[QB O8FZ3ZOQ Fa O8FZ;L3 1O %Qe8FZ;L3 Qa4F 3F :[OMa D[QB WZ[X;M 3e L:J^B JFZMZ XGj -WZ FX" XG [3 BLZL D[QB O8FZ3ZO ,3 X; Tb8Z[O3 WZOA\ LP %Ba XQj &F3F 56 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
K\ A$HFa-$HFa [H":&EB XG", $HFa LBKaD XWj JZT:^D &W3F &F WJ3< O8FZ;L3 ):O D[QB WZ[X;M X; FX", [X7D; WZ[X;M 3e L:J^B BCZ GMZH3 JFZ OX; XGj [X7D; D[QB WZ[X;M $HF\ LX_Z WZ[JB 3O 8]3Z XGj $HFZ GMZH3 HZ>3 T5_ 1O WLC_3 BJ3Z K\ BbMZO 3O 8]3Z XGj XO $[JLBZL^Q3 [TLU_ MZ WZ[X;M ,3 L][1B 3ZL\ H[OMe:FZ 3e Qa3O O8Z :ZBZ XGj $HF\ H\&Z, D7U 3Z [82A 1O L][]-3ZLFZ &F3Z WZ;Z L3WD XeBZ XGj &W +["MZ LP A$>MB 3< O8FZ 3OFZ %TFM3 XeBZ XGj DE4FZ MX XeBZ XG [3 $[JLBZL^Q3 O8FZ3ZO [:F L^EMQ 3< JCZHFZ 3e Qa3O $HF\ L][1B3ZL\ H[OMe:FZ 3Z %O7K 3OBa XW, 4]D $HFa A$>MB MZ vWO; $[JLBZ0" 3F [Q, (F L^EMQ 3e LZFBa XW MZ FX"j 3ZOA [3 $HFa A$>MB $CTZ vWO; A$[JLBZB 3e F:O$"DZ: 3OFa HO L][1B3ZL\ $[JLBZ 4]D ,3 T8_JTUZQ\ 1O UeVAL^Q3 @N8a 3Z [FLOA 3OFa 3< [DUZ LP $$WO XeB\ XGj &W "L LP HDZF]"L KQa X; JDQ :Z, HO UeVAL^Q3 W\'; JO3OZO OXB\ XGj [X7D; 3F D[QB WZ[X;M 3F WL^ K\ MX; 8]FfB\ XGj l
O%5 X/ 'D5"JO
(>L]1B KZOB\M3 3Z ,3 WL^X JDF HO XTZ 3. ;333 3Z ,XWZW 8ZXBZ X/, 3H&3 3Z FX
< +3,[BTZD > $MHBZ JW]
A3
L Wa 3L 8?K@; Be HXF QeB, MX [;&3< +D;H 8"DZ (JDQZ FZL) 3e $1WO W]FFa 3e [LQB\ XG 1O &W BOX 3< [;&[3MQ Wa XO JZO (>XQ w4 H#8BZ XGj +D;H 3e' UOZOB\ J3AQ\ 9Z2 FX" XW :e :EDJZ:\ LP $HF\ J3AQ\ HeUZ3 HXFFZ K^Q 5MZ Xej B3O;JF 30 TV?M MX GM[1B De J~Q 3Z JZH XG 1O (_O; J"5ZQ LP ?g1=O XGj TX +3D[BTZD 3Z HZQF 3OBa XWj +3D[BTZD; BO;3F Wa :\TF :\Fa LP H[OEZF 3e +3D[B Wa BZQLaQ [J>ZFa, F"5\ ;T8Z Wa XTZ, JOWZB 1O W^M_ 3< OeUF\ 3Z ,XWZW 3OFa 1O [?:Z&FO QaJQQ 3F F\8a WJ3< WLZFBZ 3F JeE 3< OZX LP JZEZ
LZFZ :ZBZ XGj KZOB 3< MX ,3 (KOB\ :F:Z[B XG, [:WLP ?g1=O, J\LZ HaUaTO, JV3O, [U^3 :bWa Qe5 F3FBZ 3F JT597DTZD; +Me:F 3Z HZQF 3OBa XWj XZQN[3 $HF\ [L2BZ 3F &W %O7[K3 8OA LP Ta Qe5 4]Q\ XTZ LP :\Fa 3F &W [WJNB 3e 7MZDZBO WLM J"D 3LOE LP $HFZFa 3< [T?7JFZ Wa X; $JB XWj :XN 3X" K\ W"KT Xe W3F, TJ2X;F OXFZ HW"D 3OFa 3< +D;H 3< :\TFUbQ\ Fa (>XQ $HFa 6O 3< [F:BZ Wa $Q5 :"5QQ 1O vOTB? WL]) B=Q HO H#8Z [DMZj &W3F [Q, TX $1WO MZ Be $3FQa OXBa XW MZ [IO +3D[BTZD; [T8ZOEZOZ 3F $HFa WXMe[5MQ 3F WZCj +D;H JBZBa XW, A,3 JZO XL 3FO=3 3F Q5K5 $F:ZF WL]) B= HO BJT\OQ 4!8 OXE Caj $8ZF3 3X" Wa ,3 WL^X +3= y% 1O MX :ZFFZ 8ZXZ [3 1MZ 60 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
XL [3W\ AQ^ [IEL 3< U^[=75 3O OXE XWjB (>XQFa WL; [QMZ [3 MXN WIZ' DEFa Wa 3ZL FX" 8Qa5Z 1O -W\ H[O[JC[BMQ LP J][JLZF\ MX; XG [3 $HF\ HV= ;= Wa HXF 3O IA= QPj (>XQFa 3XZ, ALVFa De JZO (>XQ WL;ZFa 3< 3e[UU 3< [3 XL )Q :Q^Q XO3BP MZ 3ZLe_a:3 3ZL FX" 3O OXE XW Qa[3F (>XQFa ,3 F W]F\j KZOB 3< WLJMZ XG [3 MXN F3FBZ 3e $FQ\Q LZFZ :ZBZ XGjB DO$WQ, :e GM[1B WZT_:[F3 JCQQ HO F3F HZMZ :ZBZ XG (F3F [4QZI KZOB\M D7? W"[XBZ 3< EZOZ 294 3F BXB [3W\ WZT_:[F3 JCQ HO $FQ\Q XO3B 3OFa 3Z L]3DLZ 8QZMZ :ZBZ XGj L]"J' 3F 68 TV?M 3ZOeJZO; D;H3 3H[QIe[F_MZ LP OXBa y, 15 TV_ HXQa B3 4]Qa JDF 6^LBa Caj TX JBZBa XW, AWZT_:[F3 MZ WZLZ[:3 H[OTaU LP F3F OXFZ MXN
9ZMZ# W"D;HF 8=:?
JTZKZ[T3 +T_[_ &W 1QJ 3F $[JB;T 3F JZOE LP (F3F H2Q Wa X; :ZF3ZO; [LQ\j B\F WDJMQ 3Z MX 1QJ "gIe?` 3< L_;M] 3F JZD J"D Xe 5MZj 1903 LP XGCJ5_ LP JFZj +ZO7K# ['[=U UZWF 3F [TJBZO# HgQ [:LOLbF 3Z ,F[Q8 HZ3a MZF\ MX [T8ZOEZOZ :ED X; DfOZF H]Aa LP 1891 LP 5[>B WJWa HXQZ eZB (>L]1B :\TF HZ3a WF :L_F\ Wa ['=EF,$La[O3Z 1O 3FZ?Z B3 IHQ +3D[BTZD; 1QJj &W3F 5'j JP:Z[LF ,X3[QF W"JCZH3 8ZEW_ ,?T?` U]z%B\ DfO 3F +3D[B5g?`F "gIe?` [TE]O Ca TZ9DMQ LP U]LZO Ca 1O 1O J"J' [W[TQ TX U\BQ XTZ LP JFZF WaTZ0" 3F [:QZ ,T" 3Z Q];I (>ZBa Caj W2 >MZMZE\U Caj XLP 8ZXBZ CZ [3 KZOB LP XL :bWa [3BFa Qe5 XWj Qe5 WZLZ[:3 3Q"3 3F ?O Wa 9ZMZ0" Wa 4]Qa LP %Fa Wa [;;3Ba XW Qa[3F ,3 2FQZ&F ?Qa=IZL_ Fa (>XQ $HF\ HX8ZF [DQZFa 3F [Q, &W DZMOE Wa JZXO [F3ZQZ XGjB TX H13Z M3<F Be FX" 3O W3Ba [3 $]H LP WK\ FZL [TFTWF\M 1O H]3Z| X; XW BCZ JHI= [D4Fa TZQ\ BJT\OQ (>X" 3< XW Qa[3F (>XQ &Wa Qa3O 3e' [U3ZMB K\ FX" XGj &W BOX 3F WDJMQ 3< W"2MZ 246 Xe 5' XG 1O MX J'B\ X; :Z OX; XGj I:? %TaDFQ 3e 4Z[O: 3OFa 3F [Q, TX +;Ma3 %TaDF 3< JZO;3< Wa :N8 3OBa XWj TX JBZBa XW [3 3>9 Qe5 :J MX :ZF QaBa XW [3 +3D[BTZD; [T8ZOEZOZ Wa1W 1O GM[K8ZO Wa W"J"[EB FX" XG Be Ta B;3ZQ &W WZ&= Wa FZBZ Be& QaBa XWj +D;H MZOZ U]| [3, 5, J"5ZQ\ >M^[?J= $]H 3F WZC WZB LX;FQ LP X; 60 Qe5 :]& 5, XWj XZQN[3 2FQZ&F 8b= JZB8\B 3F JZT:^D TZJB[T3 w[FMZ LP 3H&E (BZOFa LP [;;3 Be&FZ Ce&Z L][F3Q XeBZ 3eQ3ZBZ 3F 5"5Z B= HO +3D[B Wa WZ^Z;3ZO 3OBa +D;H 8"DZ WF3<HF MZ [T3D[B LZF\ :ZB\ XGjB %F8M_ FX" [3 +3D[B 3F 7MZDZ 3O;J OXFa 3Z KZOB\M +Me5 7MZDZBO 6OQ 3F $"DO X; Xe HZBZ XGj XZQN[3 &W BOX 3< +Me5UZQZ 3Z [DEQ\ Wa HN[?8aO;, L]"J' 1O H]Aa Wa 3eQ3ZBZ B3 J&; Ba:\ Wa [TJBZO Xe OXZ XGj LbLF U[1BL"5QL Fa ?E' TV_ HXQa :J &7=OFa= HO &79?MF Fa8]9OJ= L\=$H $]H 3Z 5>F [3MZ CZ Be TX &W3F [TJBZO 3F JZOE LP :ZF3O %F8M_8[3B y, Caj &W +["MZ LP +3D[BTZD; [T8ZOEZOZ 3F $HFa WXMe[5MQ 3< [5FB\ 3Z [:CLZ QaFa TZQa [DEQ\ LP J\LZ 3F HaUa Wa :]&E ,3 GM[1B JBZBa XW, ALV :ZFFZ
XGj $J K\ 8"D Qe5 X; F3FBZ 3< OZX 4eQFa 3F +MZW LP Q5a y, XWj LbLF MZD 3OBa XW [3 [3W BOX X[OMZAZ 3F ,3 9OWg=` LP +3D[BTZD; W?BZXNB 3ZM_"L [TIQ Xe 5MZ CZ [:WLP De Qe5Q 3e 9e&3O WK\ H\9E X= 5, Caj LZ3O[=75 +eIFUFQ ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 61
TB_LZF# :^F 3Z HXQZ O[TTZO [TFT +3D[BTZD; [DTW 3F |H LP LFZMZ :ZBZ XGj Q"DF LP [TFT 3Z WJWa J&Z F3F [?J3e XG [:Wa 5]AZF]|H H^A_BMZ J7;3W_ 3XZ :ZBZ XGj
OZ:F FZJZ[Q5 XeFa 3F DfO LP $"B#TJ2 LP K\ DE4 [Q, :ZFa Wa 6JOZBa Caj TX LZFBa XW, AUO;O HO ,3 K\ 3H&E 3F J5bO DE4 [Q, :ZFa 3Z [T8ZO K\ KMK\B 3OFa TZQZ XGjB H[F8L LP +3D[BTZD HO 9Ha ,3 Qa4 Fa $8ZF3 (>XQ [IO Wa [T8ZO 3OFa HO L:J^O [3MZj $J 29 WZQ 3< (& LP %;L[TFTZW Wa QJOE: OZ:F 3XBa XW, AXL &W\ |H LP HbDZ y, XW Be XLP 1MQ UL_ 3OF\ 8Z[X,? [D5"JO :b[FMQ 1O FZ5Z JZJZ0" 3e DE4 Q\[:,j +3D[BTZD Fa L];a L][1B [DQZ' XGjB +3D[BTZ9DMQ 3< Jb>3R WLC_F :]=ZFa 1O -Wa Qe5Q 3e +e;WZ[XB 3OFa 3F [Q, X; XeB\ XWj L]"J' 3F 30 TV?M $Z[I1W [?:Z&FO T\F^ $HFa UXO 1O H]Aa LP &W BOX 3< 8ZO Jb>3Q LP [XJWZ Qa 8]3F XWj TX 3XBa XW, A&FLP XO GM[1B $HF\ F3FBZ 3e Qa3O Ja[I" OXBZ XGj Q=3B\ BQD, ;T8Z, 5]?BN5 1O $>M 8\:P L\[?MZ LP $TZJB[T3 1O BOZUa 5, JDF 3< 83Z8RE 3e 8]FfB\ DEB\ XW 1O ,3-vWOE BCZ $>M Qe5Q 3e (W\ |H LP JT\3ZO 3OFa LP LDD 3OB\ XW, :bWa Ta XWjB LbLF 3XBa XW, AWZC [LQ3O XL 4ZBa XW, JZB 3OBa XW, 5ZBa XW, BbOBa XW 1O TX; WJ 8\:P 3OBa XW :e ,3 [FM[LB WZLZ[:3 Jb>3 LP XeB\ XWj Ma WK\ 3ZL XL [JFZ 3H&Q 3F 3OBa XW, JW MX; ,3 $"BO XGjB &W [T8ZOEZOZ 3Z ,3LZ2 [FML XG, [:W HO 3e' WL;fBZ FX" Xe W3BZ [3 WDJMQ 3F J\8 3e' MfF W"J"E F JFZ, :Z,7j Qe5 We8Ba XQ5a [3 &WWa L[XQZ,7 &W [DUZ LP 3DL J'ZFa 3F [Q, 7MZDZ WXLB XQ5\j Qa[3F MX W~Z' FX" XGj &7[?MF Fb8][OJ= WL^X 3F WTMWTO JP5Q^| 3F 40 TV?M &7:\[FMO XLP JBZBa XW [3 3>Q 441 WDJMQ LP [WIa 30 L[XQZ,7 XWj +3D[BTZD; [T8ZOEZOZ 3F ,3 WDJM Fa JBZMZ [3 &FLP 7MZDZBO L[XQZ,7 UZD;U]DZ XW Qa[3F H;F\ MZ LN 3F |H LP LZXfQ [J5&Fa MZ $WZLZ>M [JC[B (H:Fa 3F ?O Wa $HFa H[B Wa &W [T8ZOEZOZ LP z[8 O4Fa 3< JZB 9=HZB\ XWj l
/ J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/ ÀUè´ÅðU
$C-&[B
L85F\: 5ZCZ $Ue3 8 EO
WZOE WZQ Be O7:\DZ-W":\DZ JZBP 3[O, Qa[3F :J O755]QZQ 3Z LfWL %, Be 5\Qa-O75\Qa Xe :Z&,j [3W\ BOX 3< We8, [I3O, WWH"W, O7:, 5L 3< :|OB FX" XGj %H Je[Q,, [DQ 4eQ3O Je[Q,, [3W\ 3F JZOE LP K\ Je[Q,, [TV 6e[Q,, 8ZXE OW 6e[Q,, O75 6e[Q, 8ZXE 3<8& 6e[Q,, W"TZD 3[O, 8ZXE J3-J3 3[O,j $OE MX Be We8Z X; FX" [3 J3O; 3Z FZL J3O; 1MQ XG! TX Be 3K\ J3J3 FX" 3OB\j (W :bW\ [FO;X :\TZ;LZ &W EOB\ HO DE4\ 1MZ? 6ZW 4ZB\ XGj 6ZW 4ZFa 3F JZD :e [TW[:_B 3OB\ XG, TX ([59I= K\ &BFZ W]"DO, WLZFEL?, WLZFZ3ZO;, 5eQ-5eQ XeBZ XG [3 W^4 :Z, Be 388a 4aQ Qej J3O; 3< LV5F\:\! [3BF\ W]"DO XeB\ XW Ta LV5F\:! L];a MZD XG [3 :J LV $HFa F[FXZQ &5QZW :ZBZ CZ Be J3O; 3Z vE H\BZ CZj LaOE FZFZ:\ Fa LaOE [Q, ,3 J3O; HZQ\ C\j LJB OXBZ CZj 5eQ-L=eQ CZ 1O (W W]"DO J3O; 3< 5eQ-5eQ LV5F\: 3e $HFa 3e= 3< :aJ LP O43O 6^LZ 3OBZ CZj H&eW LP OXBa Ca X;OZQZQ JZJZj Xe W3BZ XG, L];a B]3J"D; 3Z yFO DEFa LP (F3Z K\ Me5DZF OXZ Xej :bWa X; LV 8J^BOE HO %BZ CZ, X;OZQZQ JZJZ 5ZBa Ca-A$We3 JZJ^ %,, J3O; LV5F\ QZ,!B LV J&Z 4]U XeBZ CZ 1MQ[3 L];a J3O; 3< LV5F\: JyB X; W]"DO Q5B\ C!j LV (W $[X7W3 J3O; 3F FbFQ LP [FXZOZ 3OBZ CZj JZD LP :J K\ Qe5 [XOF\ 3< %"4Q Wa W]"DO; 3< %"4Q 3< B]QFZ 3OBa Be L];a Q5BZ [3 (W 5O;J J3O; 3Z 1MZ DeV XGj (W3< %"4P [XOF\ 3< %"4Q Wa 3X" 3L FX" XWj $>MZM y%, WOZWO $>MZM y%j DE[4,, [JE3>Q J3-J3 3OB\ FX", [L[LMZB\ XGj [L[LM-0T[F K\ ?MZO; Q5B\ XGj 3>9 +Z[AMQ 3e [JFZ JZB [FO;X JFZ [DMZ 5MZ XGj TbWa, [FO;XBZ Wa J&; 3e' BZ3B Xe K\ FX" W3B\j [FO;X %DL\ 3F [JFZ XLZOE DEU 3Z Qe3B"2 8Q W3BZ XG 1MZ? [FO;XQ 3F WXZOE X; %H WLC_ JF W3Ba XWj
LV 5NE\TZD; [T8ZOQ 3Z WLC_3 $, &W3Z 3ZOA J3O; K\ Xe W3B\ XGj XL DeFQ Fa J3O; 3Z vE [HMZ XGj J3O; 3Z vE H\3O X; &7WZF W;M 3F +Me5 3O W3BZ XGj [FI>ZTZF OXBZ XG 1O -[BXZ[W3 K^QP K\ 3OBZ XGj 5NE\ :\ Wa :ZFa-$F:ZFa ,3 K^Q y' C\j %:ZD; Wa HXQa 3< JZB XGj JFZOW LP J][J:\[TMQ 3< ,3 WKZ LP TX JeQ %, Ca [3 JN3QZ WZ[X;M LP J&; 5XOZ' XG, (BF\ 5XOZ' [X7D; 3F WZ[X;M LP FX" XGj $L_B JZ:ZO H[23Z 3Z [X7D; W"J3OA &QZXZJZD LP :J B\WOE [DF H#8Z 1O [FOZQZ :\ Fa H'Z, Be TX [BQ[LQZ 3O OX 5,j (>XQFa We8Z [3 5NE\:\ Wa [LQFZ 8Z[X,j 5NE\ :\ 3XN [LQP5a? TX Be (F [DFQ [5O@BZO; Wa J8Fa 3F [Q, :XN-BXN 5]?BTZW [3MZ 3OBa Caj (F3F WZC (F3< J3O; 3e K\ 5]?BTZW 3OFZ H&BZ CZj JFZOW LP T1BGM [DMZ XG Be 5]?BTZW JFZOW LP Be 3OQ5a FX"j XQ5a MX" 3X" %WHZW, (>XQFa We8Zj 3>9 [DF JZD (>XQFa $8ZF3 DE4Z [3 ,3 BN5a HO WTZO ,3 JTJC W\ J3O; :Z OX; XGj TX XGOZF, J3O; 1O BN5a 3< UZFDZO WTZO; LP! MX :|O [3W\ [T[UI= GM[1B 3< J3O; OX; Xe5\j L]L[3F XG 5NE\ :\ 3< Xej [X7D; HO 3e' 8e= 3OE Be TX HOL 4]"D3< Xe :ZBa Ca B;3ZQ vWOZ BN5Z [3MZj BN5a 3F H\9E BN5Zj $5Qa [3W\ Le& HO BN5Z 0;Q Xe 5MZj [FOZQZ :\ Ce&E HOEUZF y,j Qa[3F (W EOB\-H]2 Fa EOB\ 3< 0O [FXZOZ 1O DE4Z [3 W&3 HO 5eQ-5eQ LV5F\: [J4O; y' XWj [J8ZO; J3O; BN5a LP :ZFa 3< $BMJB F OX; Xe5\, KMZ"NB Xe3O BN5a LP X; [TW[:_B 3O Jb>;j 5e[QMN, OW\Q\-5\Q\ Be XeB\ FX", W^4\-W^4\ Q]'3-Q]'3 3O W?j3 HO [J4O 5&cj :bWa OZTA 3Z H\9Z :=ZM] Fa %K^VAQ 3F :[O, [3MZ CZ, (W\ BOX Wa [FOZQZ :\ Fa LV5[FMQ 3F WXZOE @@7' [QMZ [3 $5QZ BN5Z JT|H KTF :Z OXZ XGj LeB\ QZQ FaX| :\ 3Z 6Oj DFDFZBa y, Hy78 5,j TXN (H[JCB Qe5Q Fa (>XQ HX8ZF [QMZj %DOH^T_3 [J>ZMZj [3W\ Fa $"DO :Z3O 5NE\:\ 3e JBZMZ [3 [X7D; 3F JyB J&E 1O FZL\-[5OZL\ 3[T %, y, XWj J&Z LZF XG 1O 3ZF LP I>WI>WZ 3O MX K\ JBZ [DMZ Xe5Z [3 Ce&E Wa [XQa y, K\ XWj :OZ WZTEZF O9X,5Zj [FOZQZ 3e [3W3< [I3Oj (>XQFa 5NE\ :\ Wa 3XZ- LV %H3Z JyB %DO 3OBZ $, Qa[3F MX JBZ&, [3 JN3QZ Wa [X7D; 3XN 3L XG? 1MZ %HFa
62 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
W"H^A_ JN3QZ WZ[X;M H'Z XG? 5NE\:\ Fa 3XZ, FX"! 1MZ %HFa W"H^A_ [X7D; WZ[X;M H'Z? 5NE\:\ Fa 3XZ, JyB $[E3 FX"j -[IO %H -WZ T1BGM 3HWa DE W3Ba XW? 5NE\:\ Be 5NE\:\ Ca, $[X7WZ 3F H]:ZO;j WZLFa TZQZ %"ZL3 Xe Be (W3Z sDM :\BFa 3F [Q, $HFa %H3e B;3ZQ WL[H_B 3O Dej (>XQFa UNB JTO LP (_O [DMZ [3 TX $0MMF 3OQ5a 1O [IO [3W\ [FI3V_ HO H#8P5aj [FOZQZ :\ Fa 3XZ, E>MTZD JZH^! [FOZQZ :\ 3X 3O [F3Q 5,j $IWeW [3 %: [X7D; 3Z -WZ [FOZQZ H^EO 3e' J8Z FX" XG, :e DL >e3 3O [X7D; 3F JZOE LP %;L[TFTZW 1O DC'BZ Wa JeQ W3Fj LaO; 0O Wa E>MTZD LV5F\: 3e [:F3< 3DHZ Wa ,3 LXZ3[T 3e [DUZ [LQ\j 5NE\:\ 3Z MX [3JWZ JOZJBa 3[TTO (DM +BZH [W"X LaOE HZW %MZ CZj (DM +BZH :\ Fa ,3 $HFZ [3JWZ K\ W]FZMZj MX JZB OX; Xe5\ H~\Wa3 WZQ H]OZF\j TX =XQFa 3F Uf3<F OXE XWj ,3 3ZM_"L LP Caj (>XQ 3FZ?Z Wa %' y' ,3 JBOW 1O 3ZGM 3< +aL\ L[XQZ [LQ!j (DM :\ 3e ;\Q 3F [3FZOE =XQFa :ZFZ CZ, TX K\ WZC Xe Q!, HO =XQFa LP 4ZW z[8 FX" O4B\ C!j ,3 Ha& 3F F\8a Jb> 5&c 1O (DM :\ [F3Q 5, ;\Q 3Z H^OZ 813O Q5ZFaj Ha& 3F F\8a 3e' J3O; $HFa [TW[:_B 5eQZ3ZO Q6] [H"? 9e& 5' C\j W"]DO-W]"DO Wa, [83Fa-[83Fa Waj %DOA\MZ Fa WL;Z [3 Ma &W T_^ Wa [5OE y, 9e=E-9e=E IQ XWj J&E 3O;Fa Wa (>XQFa ,3 :5X &3ia [3, 1O (DM +BZH :\ 3F %Fa HO (>XQFa 3XZ [3 DE[4, [3BFa AM^=;I>Q IAh=KW XW &W Ha& 3F! 4Z 3O DE[4,j (DM +BZH :\ Be LbFH]O; 3F 5NT 3F OXTZW\ Ca, :ZFBa Ca [3 Ma 5eQZ3ZO Q6] [H"? 1MZ XWj B;3ZQ JeQa, IR[3,-IF"[3,, &>XQ F 9@FZ, F 4ZFZ, MX XG J3O; 3Z H4ZFZj 8[Q, ;\Q LP XZC Ee&,! J3O; LV5F\: Wa :]&Z ,3 +^aH3-+W"5 WeL >Z3>O :\ 3Z K\ XGj WeL :\ 3F JZOE LP WJ3e HBZ XG [3 TX J&E FIZWB HW"D OXE XWj WJWa $59E 3H&E HXFFa TZQa, WJWa W"]DO 3[Tj 3e= HXFP, Be (WLP |LZQ 3Z 3eFZ [F3ZQFZ :|O; y% 3OBZ CZj 3e= [:W 5Z'1Q\FO-EeJ\ Wa E]QTZMZ Xe5Z, TXN 5Ea 3F WZC J3O; K\ OXB\ OX; Xe5\j HBZ FX" 3HWa ,3 LV5F\ 3e= 3< :aJ LP 8Q\ 5'j 5Z'1Q\FO 3F MXN Wa Qf= 3O K\ W"H^A_BZ LP JF\ OX;j WeL :\ 3e= HXF 3O 3[T WCLaQF LP 5,j 3ZGM-HZ> 3F DfOZF HW\FZ %MZj (>XQFa 3e= Wa :bWa X; $HFa |LZQ 3Z [B3eFZ 3eFZ H3& 3O )HO [F3ZQZ, LV5F\ K\ JQ 4ZB\ y' +3= Xe 5'j DU_3Q 3F WZLFa [5O;j [:WFa (W B;T 3e (>ZMZ 1O $5Q-J5Q 3F 3eBZ0" 3e JBZMZ Be ,3 >XZ3Z Q5Zj &WWa HXQa [3 OXJM 4]Qa, WeL :\ Fa L"8 Wa JT\3ZO [3MZ [3 :aJ Wa J3O; 3< LV5F\ [F3Q 3O [5O; XGj Qa[3F DeJBe, X7[W, LBj %H HX8ZF FX" HZ, [3 MX [3W J3O; 3< XG 1O [3BF\ LX;TH^A_ LV5F\ XGj J"E]0, MX %Q\ X:OB H\O WZXJ 3< J3O; 3< LV5F\ XG, [:F3F [Q, XLZOZ [WO W:DE LP ;]3 :ZBZ XGj LV %: 3< WZO; 3[TBZ,7 &W LV5F\ 3F FZL 3OBZ $j LV5F\:-5ZCZ 3Z $C 1MZ 1O &[B 1MZ, HO &BFZ LV DZTa 3F WZC 3X W3BZ x7 [3 %5ZL\ 8]FZT LP M[D 8]FZT [8D O4a :Z,7- 3), 3< J\=, 5eJO 3Z 8eC, J3O; 3< LV5F\ Be J3O; 3< LV5F\ TZQZ :\Ba5Z 1MQ[3 XZC\ 3F 5eJO Wa Be JyB Qe5 6JOZ, y, XWj l ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 63
/ J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
ÌÚ¢U»
K"5 3. 6e=ZQa L2 XeQ\ HDL I<TO 3<=
W]E\U H8fO; K"5 3< BO75 LP WZ[X;M 3Z WBO75Z 1O [FBZ"B F"5Z F:O %MZj WZ[X;M 3F 813A (JBZD Fa W]JX-W]JX EB^OE 1O BZ"Ja 3F H]OZFa ?AJQ [W13F 3e [6W3O K"5 :e 9ZF\ Be KbMa F:O WZ[X;M 3F %O HZO [F3Q 5'j W58\ 3x7 :bWa 6[=Me_L W\F [D4a TbWa 3K\ F [D4a Caj WZ[X;M3ZO BOX BOX 3F 6e=ZQQ LP W"[Q?B HZ, 5,j $3ZDL\ 3F 5[QMZOQ LP 3' Qe5 [J=75 LP 3>9 3XBa QaBa DEBa H3&E 5,j $[TFTWF\M W^2Q 3F XTZQa Wa [FCF 4JOQ %' XW#
OZ:a> MZDT =;T\ 6e=ZQa LP I8Wa
4JO XG, 3Q OZB OZ:a>Di MZDT 3F 6O HO H][QW Fa 9ZHZ LZOZj DEO OZB B3 :ZW^W (W =;T\ 3< BQZU 3OBa OXE [:Wa 3K\ 5QB\ Wa +WZO KZOB\ Fa OZ:a>Di MZDT 3e &W[Q, [DMZ CZ [3 +WZO KZOB\ Je?` 3F WDJM JFFa 3F JZD =;T\ DE4 DE4 3O $HFZ eZFTE_F 3O7a5a 1O DEU 3Z KQZ 3OQ5aj KZOB KZOMZ: :J Wa WZ[X;M 3F L]4[JO JFa XW BJ Wa 3XBa [IO OXE XW [3 AH&WZ& KZ&B\B 3e Ee4Z [DMZ 5MZj (W J&E =;T\ Wa= 3Z (HMe5 [FBNB T:_F\M 3ZMQ` 3F [Q, [3MZ 5MZj +WZO KZOB\ 3F WZOE =;T\ Qf= 3F % 5, Ca Qa[3F ,3 F %MZ CZj (W3< 4e: 4JO Q\ 5' Be LZQ^L y% [3 ,3 WDJM 3< F\MB 4OZJ Xe 5' 1O (WFa FX" Qf=ZMZ &W[Q, K"?ZO LP ,3 =;T\ 3L F:O %BZ XGj (W\ Q]?B -[BXZ[W3 =;T\ 3< 4e: 3F [Q, 9ZHZ H&Zj Qa[3F [:W D;TZO HO =;T\ OXBZ CZ, TXZ" =;T\ 3F JOZJO 4ZQ\ :5X [LQ\j OZ:a>Di MZDT 3Z 3XFZ XG, (F3F ,3 LF8Qa 8aQa Fa ,3 UZL De JeBQ DZ| 3F JDQa (Wa 3JZ&; 3e Ja8 [DMZj 4JO $:AZ :\ 3F DOJZO LP 5' Be $:AZ Fa 3XZ [3 $5O LaOZ Qe3HZQ XeBZ Be OZ:a>) MZDT $"DO XeBZj
M^H\ LP QbH=gH 6e=ZQZ
8]FZT JZD 3Z WHFZ XGj L]QZML QbH=gH DE OXE XWj ["X7D; 3F Qa43 Qa OXE XWj WJ3F HZW QbH=gH XGj [X7D; TZQa $J [DF OZB QbH=gH 3Z WaTF 3OBa XWj ,3 WTM LP HZMZ 5MZ XG [3 [X7D; 3F WZ[X;M3ZO &F [DFQ AW[TBZ KZK\B FZL3 TaJWZ&= HO DW-DW 4"Z=E 5]:ZOBa XWj Ta QbH=gH Wa A+ZLZ[A3 $F]KTB Qa3O A$F]KT 3< +ZLZ[A3BZB $HFa W4Z0" 3e JZ"=Ba [IOBa XWj ,3 W"HZD3 AW[TBZ KZK\B HO ,3 [TUaVZ"3 [F3ZQFa 3< Me:FZ JFZ 8]3Z XGj 3FO=3 $WPJQ\ LP Jb>3O HeF_ DU_F 3OFa TZQa J\:aH\ [TEZM3 (F3F %DU_ O8FZ3ZO JF (>E XWj M^H\ 3Z QbH=gH [Q, [X7D; Qa43 IeF 3O 3F (FWa (F 4ZW HaZF_ TaJWZ&=Q 3F FZL H^9Ba OXBa XW [:>XQ DE4Ba Ta HZ, 5, Caj :ED X; [X7D; WZ[X;M LP HeF_ OW 3< JZ' %Fa TZQ\ XG
XLZOE K"5&; W"TZDDZBZ Fa ?JQ $"=Z 8'ZFa 3F JZD 4][IMZ 4JO D; XG [3 XeQ\ 3F W\:F Wa HXQa [:W Qa43 Fa [Q4Z [3 TX J\LZO XG (Wa $WQ LP HDL J]4ZO Fa 6aO [QMZ XGj [H9Qa 3' JOWQ Wa -WZ XeBZ %MZ XG MX HDL I<TO 3<= K\ J&Z $:\J XGj [X7D; 3F W\[FMO WZ[X;M3ZO 3e H3&BZ XGj ,3 BOX Wa LX;TZ3N^Z 3< LZO; 9@B 3< J\LZO; WL;ej MX 3ZFQ3ZF IeFZIeF\ IHQB\ XGj ,3 [DT"5B H23ZO, ,3 %Qe83 [H9Qa JOWQ B3 HDL I<TO H\[&B Xe :ZMZ 3OBa Caj $J ,3 3[T Xe 8Qa XWj &W3F Q^A &W +3ZO XW# U]| LP BJ\MB ';Q\-W\ OXFa Q5B\ XGj [3W\ 3ZL LP LF FX7! Q5BZj WZ[X;M Je; Q5BZ XGj :\ 3OBZ XG $HFZ [Q4Z WJ 3>9 IZ& DQj :QZ DQj K^4 FX" Q5B\j DZ| K\ KQ\ FX" Q5B\j 6O Wa JZXO [F3QFa LP W"3e8 XeBZ XGj H\[&B :OZ-:OZ W\ JZB HO 8\4Fa [8EQZFa Q5BZ XGj JZTQZ-WZ JfOZMZ y% TX $JI>= JTO LP 3K\ 5Z[QJ 3K\ 3J\O 3< QZ&FP MZD 3O3F "LU# WO3ZO 3Z 3== Wa 3==BO %Qe83 JFBZ :ZBZ XGj [X7D; LP HDL GMZ[E LP %DL\ LOBZ FX" Qa[3F LOFa Wa JDBO XZQ LP OXBZ XGj
FZLTO 3Z [FI3ZWF
Q4F) LP A$5O -WZ X; OXZ Be JZLF, >Z3>O K\4 LN5P5aB TZQa FZLTO 3F JMZF HO JZLF, >Z3>O JyB FZOZ: XWj 3X OXE XW [3 MX XLZO; KZTFZ0" 3e 8e= Hy78ZFa TZQ\ JZB XG, XLZOZ $HLZF XGj XL 1MZ [K4ZO; [D4Ba XWj (EO LZ3HZ 3F FaBZ0" Fa JMZF :ZO; 3O WZI
64 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
OE4N3
w5O D_
/ J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
[3MZ XG :3 &W +QaW WCLaQF Wa (F3Z 3e' TZJBZ FX7! XG, [3 $J Wa %5a F Be +QaW Wa (F3Z 3e' TZJBZ XG F FZLTO Waj (>XQ +Z&LO; WDJMBZ Wa [F3ZQ OXE XWj +QaW $J 3QaW Xe 5MZ XGj T5_TZD 9e&3O :Z[BTZD; Xe 5MZ XGj $5O 3e' (Wa MZ FZLTO 3e LZ3HZ :e&E5Z Be MX 33F\:a[JQ 2IRW LZFZ :Z,5Zj 3ZF^F\ 3ZO`TZ' W"KT XGj
[X7D; WZ[X;M3ZO 1O =@:\
K"5 3< BO75 LP K"5&; LF =@:\ LP :Z Hy78Zj DE4BZ 1MZ XG [3 =@:\ :J Wa y% XG BJ Wa JyB Wa [X7D; WZ[X;M3ZO 3[FLfQ\ 3e [X7D; 3< WJWa J&; Qa[43Z JFZFa 3< Xe& LP Q5a XWj 3>9 Fa B[LQ W\4F\ U]| 3O D; XG BZ[3 (F3< O8FZ0" 3Z $F]TZD 3O W3F"j 3>9 OZ:Z 3F HZW 5, XW 1O 3XZ XG [3 %H 3e &W T1B [X7D; WZ[X;M WaTZ 3< :|OB XGj %H =@:\3\ FZL3 3e' H8ZW QZ4 3Z &FZL O4 DQj DEU 3F WJ O8FZ3ZO %H3F %5a H\9E Q5 :Z,75aj %H HO 3[TBZ,7 [Q4P5a, 3XZF\ [Q4"a5aj &W 4JO 3F Q\3 XeBa X; W]'U:MLYh JTZL\ :\ 8f3>Fa Xe 5, XW 1O [X7D; 3< H[23Z,7 H'Fa Q5a XWj 3XBa XW, &W3F JZD :Z"8 3Z DZMOZ [X7D; TZQQ 3< 0O %Fa TZQZ XGj :Z"8 ,:PW\ H^9Fa Q5\ XW [3 [X7D; L"a XOE3 O8FZ3ZO 3F FZL 3F %5a H\9Ea A:\-:\B Q5BZ XGj 3X" MX7! Be =@ JZO :\ MZF\ =@:\ 6e=ZQa 3F J\: Be FX7! H&E?
3FDZO 3F 6O Wa JZ6 3< 4ZQ JOZLD
OZB 3F De J:a H][QW Fa 9ZHZ LZO 3O WZ3FB Wa ,3 JZ6 3< 4ZQ JOZLD 3< XGj TZ&E? QZ&I TZQa 4ZQ Qa 5, XWj 3XBa XW [3 3FDZO JZ6 =@ W\O;: 3< 3[TBZ,7 [Q4Ba HZ, 5, ,3-,3 3O3F JZ6 %Ba 1O 3[TBZ LP 5ZMJ XeBa 5,j JZ6Q 3F O4TZQQ Fa [U3ZMB 3< [3 JZ6 $5O 3[TBZ +aL\ Xe 5, Be JZ6Q 3Z 1MZ Xe5Zj JZ6 WZ[X;M LP % 5, Be WZ[X;M 3Z 1MZ Xe5Z? 3[TBZ 3F OW 3< :5X JZ6 3< DXZ& W]FZ' H&E5\j 3[TBZ 3F HZ>3 HXQa X; 3L XW, JZ6 3F %Ba X; WZ"H W^"6 :Z,5Zj &W BOX 3F F]3WZF 3e DE4 WO3ZO Fa :Z"8 [J>Z D; XG [3 JZ6Q 3Z 5ZMJ XeFZ 5"K\O LZLQZ XGj 3FDZO 3X OXE XW [3 LV Be 3[TBZ LP JZ6 [Q4 OXZ CZj L];a 1MZ LZQ^L CZ [3 JZ6 LaO; ,I%'%O 3OTZ DE5Zj [:F 3[TMQ Fa [H9Qa JOWQ LP H[^MQ HO 3[TBZ,7 [Q4\ C! (F3F FZL K\ :Z"8 3F DZMOE LP % 5, XWj %OeH XW [3 &F QaZ5Q Fa ,7?Q:?` JHaW\: 3e 3[TBZ LP JyB LZOZ XGj MX $HOZE XGj K"5-KTZF\ Fa [DLZ5 4OZJ 3O [DMZj XeQ\ Fa (W HO W"[4MZ [LQZ [DMZ We HBZ FX" $HFa OZL 1MZ-1MZ )Q-:Q^Q 3EHFZ 3O 5, 1O [:W-[BW WZ[X;M3ZO 3e 1MZ-1MZ J3 5,j XE XeQ\ LbMZ.. WZO; 5QB\ K"5 3< OX;j $HF\ 5QB\ MX OX; [3 (Wa XeQ\ 3F FZL Ha 8'Z 5,j $J B^ X; O^Z 3[O0, XeQ\ HO 3K\ F X7WFa TZQa DETBZ0" Wa! l ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 65
/ J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/ ¿éãUÜ
DDN [DQ... DDN [:5O...[DQ LP OWO%:F 34 Wa 5\BZ!\
WZ[X;M :5B 3< W^F\ OZBP
[X7D; 3F ,3 AH3Z)B 3[T 3F JT5_TZW 3F JZD J&EJ&E Qa43Q 3< OZBP JaL:Z Xe 5&c [:>XQ 3[T LXeDM DEO OZB OWO7:F 3F JZD IeF [3MZ 3OBa Caj [X7D; WZ[X;M &W W^FaHF 3e ;aQ FX" HZMZ 1O ,3 %Qe83 LXeDM Fa $K^BH^T_ 3>UQBZ 3F WZC MX 3ZL W"KZQ [QMZj 8^"[3 TX J_4 H[23Z 3F W"HZD3 3F WZC JyB [DF 3ZL 3O 8]3F XW, We TX $>MZMH^A_ H^HZB 3OBa y, [WIa L[XQZ 3[TMQ 3e X; IeF 3OBa XWj Qa43Q 3e 3Lj (FLP 3ZM_ K[1B &BF\ XG [3 IeF 3OFa 3F JZD (>XQ 8ZXE 5Z[QMN W]FF\ H&Q MZ WZEZOA :TZJ [LQa, TX [T8[QB FX" XeBaj
[H9Qa [DFQ ,3 OZB (>XQFa ,3 4N=; DEW\ =Z&H L[XQZ 3[T 3e IeF 3O [DMZj L[XQZ 3[T Fa XZQ X; LP A[UCJeJ3OB HO 3>9 [Q4Ba y, ,3 :5X AT\M_HZBB :bWZ UAD [Q4 [DMZj %Qe83 LXeDM Fa OW LP ?@J\ %TZ: LP H^9Z, AB]CXQ &W3Z $F]KT 3HWa y%?B L[XQZ 3[T Fa 9@=Ba X; IeF HO :e 5Z[QMN W]FZx [3 TX EOZUZM\ Xe 5,j 3[T LXeDMZ [WIa 5Z[QMN DE3O X; W"B]I= FX" y&c, TX &F [DFQ %Qe83 LXeDM 3F [4QZI +8ZO-+WZO LP K\ Q5 5x XGj &Wa DE43O JZ3< H\[&B L[XQZ 3[TMQ LP WZXW 3Z W"8ZO y% XGj $J WLTaB JTO LP 5Z[QMN W]FZ' H& OX; XWj W]FZ XG [3 %Qe83 LXeDM wJZOZ Le8M HO ?=Fa 3F [Q, E^Q ;Z&3O BbMZO Xe OXE XWj
XZM $3FQZ 9e& 5,
DEU 3F ,3 LXZF +3ZU3 &F [DFQ ,3NBTZW\ 1O B>XZ Xe 5, XWj (F3< WZO; Qa[43Z +a[L3Z,7 (>XQ 9e?j 5' XWj (F3F 3LOE LP ,3 X; OZ[5F\ J: OX; XG...9e& 5, JZQL...L];a XZM $3FQZ 9e& 5,...j (F3< B>XZ' 3Z %QL BK\ Wa U]| X=% :J (F3< HXQ\ +a[L3Z A$5F-L5FB (FWa Q& ;5& 3O $0MZ;L 3< BOI L]& 5'j TX K\ $J TZ[DMQ LP TbOZ3M KZT LP [:"D5\ 3Z L:Z Qa OX; XWj (F3F WLZFNBO vWO; +a[L3Z A[;Q[LQ [:MZB 3Z KZOB Wa LeXK"5 Xe 5MZ 1O TX HODEW\ Xe 5&cj HODE[WMQ Wa FZ $"[4MN [LQZFZ... 5ZBa5ZBa ,3 [DF $8ZF3 TX ATFN8QB LP +TaU 3O 5,j TF LP (>XQ 3>9 [D4Z...TX [8EQZ,...M^OE3Z-M^OE3Z...j TX TF Wa 6O Qf=E 1O 5ZFa 3F JeQ JDQ 5,...A[LQ 5,...[LQ 5,... %: LaOE WFL...jB BK\ B]VZOZHZB y%j (F3< A4e:B 3Z [8_ 8"8Q [F3QZj TX [IO D&Ja LP wJ3 5,j -Wa LP (FWa [LQFa ,3 [DF (F3F 4]OZIZB\ [L2 H#8aj DE4Z, [X7D; 3Z LXZF +3ZU3 5L5\F-We8 L])Z LP, ,3NBTZW\, 3\X;F...3LOZ 4ZQ\...j A+K]...MX 1MZ XZQ JFZ O4Z XG, 3>9 QaBa 1MQ FX"?B +3ZU3 LXeDM DXZ&E... AJWZQa, WJ3e Be Qa (&Z, $J 3XBZ XG, 3>9 QaBa 1MQ FX"?B XNIBa y, ECL Wa 3>W? HO Jb> 5,j J'B\ (& 1O [4W3BZ :FZEZO &FWZF 3e [3BFZ 3L:eO 3O DEBa XWj Qa[3F &W DXZ& LP (>XQ (CL\D 3< ,3 [3OA W^;\ 1O B;3ZQ L[XQZ Qa[43Z0" 3F [Q, Q4=[3MZ H]OJ3ZO 3< 6eVAZ 3O ?ZQ\j TFN8Q B3 JZB H#8 5' XGj HO MX HBZ FX" [3 3J (DZW\ TF 5LF 3e :Z,5\j
DD`F5O 3F TZW\
OE4N3F# w5O D_
66
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
%:3Q DD` AQg3, DD` $HZ=`LP=, DD` F5O 3F [FTZW\ 4]D 3e [8O A[FL_Q 3>LZOB LZFFa TZQa +f' 3[T 3Z [DQ &W 3DO =@=Z XG [3 TX $JHBZQ H#8 5,j 5L LP TX HXQa 8QFZ [IOFZ K^Qa [IO $JHBZQ B3 :ZFa 3< FfJB % 5'j TX WZQQ Wa 5Z OXE XW..[DQ 8\: 1MZ XG %H LaO; :ZF Q\[:,... Q&[3MN XW [3 :ZF QaFa 3F J:ZM :ZF Qa QaFa HO %LZDZ XWj ,3 -Wa X; :ZFQaTZ, XBZU +aL 3e Qa3O (>XQFa (H>MZW $OLZF ,= Ja8bF%;LZ ?g= 3gL B3 [Q4 ?ZQZj [IO K\ 3[T LXeDM 3XN LZFFa TZQa..$HFa +aL
/ J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
:5ZMZ %HFa 3e [TJBZO DEFa 3< Me:FZ JFZ OXE XWj [IQXZQ $JHBZQ LP H&E y, (F3e :J (F3< ,3 L[XQZ [L2 Fa IeF [3MZ Be (>XQFa $HFZ JTZJ<M J]Qa[=F :ZO; 3OFa Wa HXQa 8X3Ba y, JBZMZ, LaO; FZ[M3Z K\ L];a DE4Fa %' C\j TXN H;F\ K\ C\j [L2 Fa (;W]3BZTU H^9Z, TZ(..%H LP DDN [DQ..DDN [:5O :5ZFa TZQ\ %' C\j 3>9 6=Z 1MZ? 3[T LXeDM Fa 3XZ, $OE $:\J JZB 3OB\ XW %Hj LV $3FQa LP $HF\ H;F\ 3Z XZC FX" H3& HZBZ, +a[L3Z 3F WZC 1MZ 3OBZj
+aL F5O 3F Ha: 3 3[T
&F [DFQ [X7D; 3F W]DU_F FTaB3FU\, KDEW [3JL 3F Ha: 3 3[T JaXD 88O LP XWj H]OZF\ v3ZF (:& 8]3< XG, F' v3ZF :L\ FX" XGj F:OQ &EO (EO XG" Qa[3F (:Z& LP K\ HN8 [WBZOZ HZ[=`Me" 3Z DfO :ZO; XGj HZ=@ 3< [:BF\ K\ Ie=e 9HB\ XW, TX 3e[UU 3OBa XW [3 (F3F J5Q LP 3e' FTaB3FU\ L[XQZ F Xej 3fF Xe, &W3Z J"DeJJB 3OBa XWj MX WJ W"KT y% +aL 3[TBZ 3< T:X Waj 3[TBZ 1O 3[TBZ Wa JZXO 93 3O +aL 3OFa TZQa 3[T 3< DE4ZDE4\ T\O OW 1O W^4aHF HO 3[TBZ [Q4Fa TZQa 3[TMQ LP &F [DFQ +aL HO 3[TBZ,7 [Q4Fa 3< Xe& W\ Q5 5' XGj 3>9 3[T :e >;3 Wa JZB FX" 3O W3Ba, :e >;3 Wa KZVZ FX" JOB W3Ba, $J +aL 5Q\ LP 6]W %, XWj Ha: 3 3[T WJ WL; OXE XW [3 MX JMZO 3XN Wa 1O 1MQ % OX; XGj TX JZB-JZB LP 3X (>Ba XW..$OE K'..:e Qe5 DE4ZDE4\ +aL 3[TBZ,7 [Q4 OXE XW, (FLP +aL 3< )ILZ 3XN Wa Xe5\? (F HO Be :N8 3L\UF Jb>ZFZ 8Z[X, [3 Ma +aLZW[1B 3< 3[TBZ,7 XW MZ IX=EW\ 3<..j
H]OJ3ZO 3< L[XLZ $HO7HZO
:J Wa [:"DQ H[OTZO Fa WZ[X;M LP ,3-,3 3Oe& zHMa 3F H]OJ3ZO 3< 6eVAZ 3< XG, 4QJQ\ XG 4QJQ\...j 3>9 H]OZFa E^Q E^W[OB WZ[X;M3ZOe" 3F [DF [IO 5, XWj (FLP Wa ,3 J]:]5_ WZ[X;M3ZO 3e J&E 6OZFa Fa WQZX LU[TOE 3F [Q, 1MZ J]QZ [QMZ, Qe5e" 3e Q5Z [3 MX; :^O; LP XQ5aj JW %Qe83Q, 3[TMQ Fa (F3F WZ[X[;M3 Me5DZF HO Qa4 [Q4Fa U]| 3O [D,j (F3Z F, [WOE Wa L^EMN3F [3MZ :ZFa Q5Z XGj 3e' (>XQ UQZ3Z H]zV 3X OXZ XG Be 3e' (>XQ $eaM 3F WL3^ >XOZ OXZ XGj Xe&-W\ L8\ XGj TX 4]D X3J3Z, y, XW..MZ &QZX; Ma LZ:OZ 1MZ XG..j ,3 [DF TX UXO 3F WKZ5ZO LP H#8aj [:WFa DE4Z, TX; (>Z..:aJ Wa |LZQ [F3ZQZ, W\= He"9; 1O 3XZ..WO, %H MXN Jb[>,..j (>XQFa $838Z 3O WJ3e DE4Z... WJWa %5a TX; 3[T CZ, DNB [FHeOBa y,, :e 3Q B3 (>XQ De 3f&; 3Z WL;BZ CZj (F3F L]"X Wa %X [F3Q\...1MZ :LZFZ % 5MZ XG!
OE4N3F# w5O D_
JT\[L"5 H]Q LP 3[TBZ
J2\ [TLU_ 3F 8V[HMF +3ZU3 &F [DFQ H5QZ, 6^L OXE XWj :J Wa (>XQ ,3 Qa[43Z Fa W\Ea-W\Ea JT\[L"5 H]Q LP WZC FXZFa 3Z >MeBZ [DMZ XG, (F3Z [DQ J[EQMQ (9Q OXZ XGj $J B3 Qa[43Z0" 3e 5Qa Q5ZFa 3e %B]O +3ZU3 LXeDM 3Z HXQ\ JZO -W\ J2\ Wa HZQZ H&Z XG :e HXQ\ L]QZ3ZB LP XCa[QMQ 3e $HF\ XCaQ\ LP QaBa y,, %"4Q LP %"4P ?ZQ3O &BFZ [?WP= +He:Q DEj Ta [8B Xe 5, XWj [U3ZO; 4]D MXN [U3ZO Xe 5MZ 3< B:_ HO XGOZF TX F XN 3X HZ OXE XW, FZ X; F 3X HZ OXE XWj JW JT\[L"5 H]Q LP BbOZ3< 3F WHFa (>XQ WBZ OXE XWj
8QBa-8QBa
De WL3ZQ\F L[XQZ 3[T ,3 +3ZU3 3F 3LOE 3F JZXO ;5& OX; C!j LVFa HXQa =Z&L [QMZ Be LVFa HXQa =Z&L [QMZj DeFQ 3F XZCe" LP 3[TBZ 3< HN?=[Q[H DJ\ y' C\j DeFQ La" HXQa :ZFa 3< Xe& Q5\ C\j +3ZU3 3Z W[8T %[:: %3O JeQZ, %H DeFQ LP :e 7MZDZ (&DOZ: Xe, 3DHMZ TX HXQa $"DO :Z,j DeFQ ,3 WZC [8EQZ H&;", A03F, B^ :Z HXQa...jB
1O $"B LP
,3 3CZ3ZO LXeDM 3e W^;Z [3 TX J2\ [TLU_ LP K\ XZC %:LZ,7j (>XQ vWOE 3[T [L2 Fa W];ZMZ, AMZO B^ $HF\ [3BZJ 3Z FZL WJWa $Q5 O4FZjB 3CZ3ZO LXeDM Fa [3BZJ 3Z FZL O4Z ADeOZXE HO KZOB\M FZO;...0FQ\ IgO LaEWjB l
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 67
/ J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
W]O-> ULO
L8 3XN :Z)%?
OE4N3F# w5O D_
XLZO; 3>9 5"K\O WLJMZ,7 XW 3HWa W]Q;Z,7? DEU 3F FaBZ0" 3F HZW :Z,7 (>X" 3< T:X Wa Be WLJMZ,7 XW $J 3e' :TZJ FX" [LQBZ LV 3XN :Z)7 ? [OFTB Fa FZ3 LP DL 3O O4Z XG [3WWa 3XQ? CZFa LP [OHe=` [Q4Z0 [Q4Fa TZQZ X; LN5BZ XG Be $DZQB 3F DOTZ:a 4=4=Z0 TXN Be 8HOZW\ Wa Qa3O XZ[3L B3 LN5BZ XG XO :5X E"EZ XG 3ZF^F $"EZ XG LV 3XN :Z)7? 8HOZW\ (JZW\ Qa OXZ XG 2:IWO 3F HZW :Z0 2:IWO )76 OXZ XG L"2\ 3F HZW :Z0 L"2\ We OXZ XG +EZFL"2\ 3F HZW :Z0 HBZ X; FX" Q5BZ +EZFL"2\ 3fF XG? OZI7H[B 3F HZW :Z0 OZbfH[B LfF XG DEU 3F LW\XZ 3F HZW :Z0 %H 1MZ :ZFP 1MZ Xe 5MZ CZ W"H^A_ "N[B 3F JZD DEU 3Z LW\XZ 5^"5Z Xe 5MZ CZ Be [IO 'FTO 3F HZW :Z0 6ZT MX; Be 5XOZ XG 'FTO Be LaOE DEU 3Z JOWQ Wa JXOZ XG LOXL 3e' FX" Q5ZBZ LV 3XN :Z)7? 1MZ MX TX; GM[1B XG :e 8eO T Ja'LZF XG
68 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
8]H OXe MX XLZOE DQ LP % 5MZ XG JyB LXZF XG B]CXQ 1MZ %BZ XG FD; LP 3HWZ K\ :Q [LQa JT59 Xe :ZBZ XG %H X; We[8, [3BFZ WXFZ H&BZ XG? 3<8& 3e 5"5Z :Q 3XFZ H&BZ XG OZ:F\[B &W DEU 3< XLP MX; [W4ZB\ XG U^H_A4Z $Me0MZ LP % :Z, Be W\BZ 3XQZB\ XG LV 3XN :Z)7? LaOZ 5NE\ 3XN 5MZ OZ:6Z= (W3Z [WJNB FLUZF 6Z= LOFa 3F JZD TX 3>9 3ZL LP %BZ XG? XN, TX XLP 8]FZT [:BZBZ XG 1O XLZOE X; MZOZ ,3 WZQ LP 3' JZO LZO [DMZ :ZBZ XG LV 3XN :Z)7? &F WTZQQ 3e H^9Fa TZQZ LV 1O 3e' FX" KZOB $ FZ H^9@75Z FZ H^9FZ 8Z$5Z 1MQ:3 3e' K\ Be -WZ FX" :e L];a HZQ HeW 3O J&Z 3O W3F $HFa HbOQ HO 4&Z 3O W3F IQ WJ 4ZFZ 8ZXBa XW HZF\ 3e' FX" W!8BZ X7WFZ WJ 8ZXBa XW %"W^ 3e' FX" HQ9BZ :Z5OA 3< %TZ: DEBa-DEBa LV 4]D We 5MZ X@" 1O DE4Ba-DE4Ba 4"?XO Xe 5MZ $ %5a 3>9 [D4Z' FX" DEBZ 3>9 W]FZ' FX" DEBZ LV 3XN :Z)7?
/ J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
J]OZ F LZFe XeQ\ X/
ȤÃßæÚðU
$C !\I.WFZOZMAZM 3CZ %3N^Z HZO- 3Z[UT [3W\ F5O LP ,3 D[O) LbFa:O OXBZ CZj (W3F HZW JZOJZO XW5 Xe :ZFa TZQZ &7=OFa=[TX;F ,3 38?M^=O CZj TX DO-DO 3K\ DeJBQ 3F MXN Be 3K\ WZ&JO 3HIF LaP '-LaQ DE4Fa 3< [K^Z HZBZ CZj (W3F DeJB B_B\M 3aA\ LP LbFa:LP= 3< [?$\ QaFa 3F JZD K\ W]4H^T_3 $HFa 6OQ LP OXBa Caj ,3 JZO (WFa $HFa [L2 3F MXN IFWJ]3 3F DU_F [3,j [L2 $[KK^B Xe 3O IFWJ]3 LP $HFZ J=E=W $H?E= 3OFa, vWOQ 3F Lb=O 3e QZ&3 3OFa 1O 3LP= ?ZQFa LP [FI>Z Wa Q5Z y% CZj D[O) LbFa:O Fa :J (WWa H^9Z Be [L2 Fa 3XZ, AXE [L2, L];Wa B]CXZO; HOEUZF\ WX; FX" :ZB\ &W[Q, LV &W (_L Fa=T3a WZ&= 3< 3CZ B]LWa 3XBZ $j 3aI>Q LP 3aI> MX TaJWZ&= W"H3U 3F MZO 4eQB\ XG, [:WWa XL W]4\ OXBa XWjB LbFa:O $[KK^B Xe 5MZ 1O (WFa [L2 3e $3]H^A_ Fa2Q Wa DE4Z 1O 6]=FQ 3F JQ Jb> 5MZj [L2 Fa 3XZ, AXE D[O), [L2 ,3 3LOE LP $59E =EJQ HO MCZU[1B 38?M^=O MZ QbH=gH O4ej WJWa
OE4N3F# w5O D_
70
HXQa 3LOE 3< [4&3< J"D 3O (W HO HODZ ?ZQ De BZ[3 3e' B]CXZOE -B LP [T4F F ?ZQ W3Fj [IO [3W\ $59; 38HF\ 3Z &7=OFa= 3Fa1UF Qa3O ,3 %OZLDZM3 3>W? Qa Qej 1O XN H;F\ 3e &W -B LP %Fa 3< $F]L[B FX" XG, TFO TX A3J B3 MX ?QZ[J=3 8=3Z05aB 3F BZFa Wa B]CXZO; B")Z K"5 3OB\ OXE5\j +WZD 3F |H LP Ce&E K]Fa 3Z:^, [J[J3= 1O HZF\ 3< JeBQ O4 Qej $J IFWJ]3 HO :]3OJ5OM FL# 3XBa y, $HFZ ,3 4ZBZ 4eQ Qej $J &W :Zw' w[FMZ LP BbOe 1O [:>XQ HW"D F K\ 3OBa Xe (F3F 4ZBa LP K\ (>E y, $"5^>E 3F [FUZF HO E&ZE& [1Q3 3OBa :Z0j DeJBQ 3e X[CMZ0, Qe5Q 3e DeJB\ 3F [Q, 6aOe, vWOQ 3< [:"D5\ LP BZ3Z-;N3< 3Oe, D@BO 3Z 3ZLEZL 9e&3O XO T1B $HFZ J=E=W $H?E= 3Oe, 9e=; Wa 9e=; (HQ[AE 3e J'Z8'Z 3O J4ZFej W]JX 1MZ 4ZMZ Wa Qa 3O OZB 3e [3W O75 3F HZ:ZLa LP WeBa Xe WJ :ZF3ZO; Qe5Q 3e De 1O J&E Qe5Q 3e :>L[DF 3< U]K3ZLFZ,7 De, (F3< [8OfO; 3OejB D[O) LbFa:O MX W]F 3O JyB $[KK^B y%j (WFa (W\ T1B +A [3MZ [3 TX XO [DF :]3OJ5OM FL# 3X 3O &W %KZW\ w[FMZ LP 3AD :Z,5Zj (WFa $5Qa [DF X; $HF\ :LZH^":\ Wa 38?M^=O 4O;D 3O &7=OFa= 3Fa1UF Qa [QMZj $J TX K\ IFWJ]3 3< w[FMZ 3Z TZW\ Xe 5MZ CZj (W3F F, W"H3a JFa 1O TX J&; 38HF\ LP W\'0 3F HD HO H#8 5MZj $J (W3F XZC LP AQb3JaO; OXBZ CZ [:WWa TX &W w[FMZ 3F W"H3a LP OXFa Q5Zj Qa[3F $J (Wa W"H3U 3< :|OB FX" C\ We (WFa IFWJ]3 HO E\OE-E\OE :ZFZ 9e& [DMZj TX ,3 (&B\ [8[&MZ 3< H\> HO WTZO Xe 5MZ 1O =KT\= 3OFa Q5Zj TX =KT\= 3O J&; w[FMZ 3Z %DL\ JF 5MZj XO [DF $4JZO LP (W3F =KT\= 9HFa Q5aj ,3 [DF (WFa $HFa $X73ZO LP :]3OJ5_ DET 3F $[JB;T 3e F [WIa F3ZO [DMZ J[E3 IFWJ]3 3e %(=?E=E? K\ 3OZO DE [DMZj :]3OJ5_ K5TZF ,3 7EF\ 3F |H LP (W3F WZLFa H#8a 1O (WWa Ff3O; LN5\j (>XQFa H^9Z, AWO %H IFWJ]3 HO XW 1MZ?B BJ $X73ZO; W\&0 Fa 3XZ, ALV &F IZQB^ 3ZLQ LP $HFZ WLM JJOD FX" 3OBZjB :]3OJ5_ K5TZF Fa BCZJB] 3XZ 1O $"B0MOF Xe 5,j JW BK\ W\'0 3e (W3< 38HF\ Fa ,3 5]QZJ\ H8? CLZ D;j (W3< 38HF\ K\ L"D; 3< LZO LP % 5' 1O 3' Qe5 JZXO Xe 5,j BJ (Wa 0MZF %MZ [3 (WFa Oe: :]3OJ5_ K5TZF 3< :M JeQFa 3< 3WL 4Z' C\j TX Df&Z-Df&Z $HFa 6O H#8Z 1O AQb3JaO; 3e (Ha[^B KZT Wa [JJBO HO IR3 [DMZj (WFa $HFZ HP[=ML IZ&T 38?M^=O DE4Z, (W HO E^Q 3< Le=; HOB X=Z' 1O (Wa 8ZQ^ [3MZj (WFa $OWa JZD IFWJ]3 3Z 4ZBZ 4eQZ 1O $HFa J=E=W 3e $H?E= [3MZj $HFa 6O 3F 3>9 Ie=e ?ZQa, Qe5Q 3< D;TZO HO :Z 3O IZQB^-W\ JZBP [Q4! 1O (F3< IZQB^ JZBQ HO 3LP= ?ZQaj (WFa [FM[LB |H LP %> [DFQ B3 -WZ [3MZj $HFa H]OZFa W"H3U LP Wa 3' Qe5Q 3e (WFa Ff3O; 3F [Q, 3XZj ,3 W]JX (Wa IeF %MZ [3 (Wa vWO; 38HF\ Ff3O; HO O4 OX; XGj (WFa :]3OJ5_ K5TZF 3e E>MTZD 3XZ 1O $HF\ F' Ff3O; HO 8QZ 5MZj :bWa :]3OJ5_ K5TZF Fa D[O) LbFa:O 3F [DF IFOE, -Wa WJ3F IFOE"j JeQe :]3OJ5OM FL#j l
¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
»é Ì»ê =;T\ HO F' :e ; $TB[OB y' XGFaXZ :FH"[?B 1O ,:Z: 4ZFj WeF\ 8bFQ HO +WZ[OB Xe OXE FMa EZOZTZ[X3 U]K [TTZX 3F &W :e E Wa JZB8\B#
&EO-(EO W?BO75 &W $":]LF L2
%H3< H_I>K^[L? XL DeFQ X; L]"J' 3F XWj [3ODZO 3< 4Z[WMB? LaOZ [3ODZO [3W\ K\ BOX $HFZ 3ZL [F3QTZFZ :ZFBZ XG :J[3 FaXZ W":\DZ Q&3< 3Z :3ODZO [FKZ OX; XWj %H DeF3 3< J"<F 3FLaJ7;? MX Be DU_3 JBZ,75aj Qa[3F L];a Q5BZ XG ,:Z: JyB $59E WX 3QZ3ZO
$4QZ3 LeXCLD 4ZF MZF\ UXOMZO 3F [FEF Wa (v` UZMO; 3Z ,3 J&Z [XJWZ 4ZQ\ Xe 5MZj [H9Qa 9DFQ $Q\5' LP (>XQFa $"[BL WNW Q\j (LOZT :ZF $DZ [IEL 3< 5:QQ Wa TX WJWa 7MZDZ 8w8B y,j &W :IEL 3e %: K\ (F3< 5:QQ Fa [:"DZ O4Z y% XGj WF 2008 LP (>XQ eZFH\> H]OJ3ZO Wa WCLZ[FB [3MZ 5MZ CZj eZFH\> HZFa TZQa UXOMZO (v` 3F 8fCa UZMO Caj (F3F X; UADQ LP (F3F L]O;D 8ZXBa XW [3 TX &W $":]LF LP ,3 JZO [IO %,7j
3XN 8Q\ $FZO3Q\
LQZ&3Z $OeOZ 4ZF 3F :QTa XW [3 4;L XeFa 3Z FZL X; FX" QaBaj &W JZO TX QX75Z-8eQ\ HXF 3O ;"?@ JZL TZQ\ JDFZL L]>F\ Wa %5a J' 5' XWj HZODU? 3>BM LP $FZO3Q\ [?J3e 8Q\ 3F WZC TX $HFa [DQ3U >=L3F Wa 1MZ FMZ 5]Q [4QZ,75\, MX Be T1B X; JBZ,5Zj
FMZ O%5|= HZHZ 3F :TZF W\Fa HO 5eQ\ 4ZFa 3e BbMZO OXBa XW 1O HZHZ 3Z :TZF W\FZ [D4ZFZ 7MZDZ HW"D 3O OXZ XGj O^Z L"2\ ,.3F. ,7=F\ 3F W]H]2 $:\B ,7=F\ 3e HZHZ 3< [TOZWB LP [DQ8JH\ FX" XGj TX JgQ\T]? LP $5Qa FaBZH]2 XeFa 3< BbMZO; LP XWj HXQa [OBaU [IO [8OZ5j DE4Ba XW, TX 3BZO LP 3XN 4&E Xe HZBa XWj ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw 71
XWj 3XZF\ LP 3' Le& XW :e JBZ,75a [3 XLZO; =3^[F"5 JyB $59; XGj Ja=; +EZF EZOZTZ[X3 LP %H3e Lf3Z [LQa5Z? FX", -WZ FX" XGj 3XZF\ KQa X; Ja=; HO Xe Qa[3F (Wa %5a J'ZFa LP LaO; $XL K^[L3Z Xe5\j WZW-Jx 3< BOX $J Ja[=M3 HO %EZ[OB 3XZF\ H]OZF\ FX Xe 5'? [T8ZO Be JW 3>9 X; $59E XWj (>XQ %H [D4ZBa 3HWa XW, &W HO Qe3[+MBZ [FK_O 3OB\ XGj 3XZF\ 1MZ XG? [HBZ HO :ZF 99 3Fa TZQ\ ,3 Q 3< [:W3< HN8 JXFP XW, ,3 Q 3Z :e [WIa LN 3F [Q, :\BZ XGj K[TIM 3< Me:FZ,7? $K\ Be =;T\ EZOZTZ[X3 X; 3O OX; $j :J[3 ,:Z: [IELQ LP K\ % OXE XWj 3e' [IEL 3OFa 3< Me:FZ? M[D 3e' [FDNU3 XLP Lf3Z DE Be LV FaXZ 3F WZC :|O [IEL 3|75Zj %3N^Z HZO- 3Z[UT
LZX 3Z OZ[UIQ
[DGMZ 8]6
=GOe O;?O, [HOZ[L?, TZJB] ,T" :\TF WQZX3ZO
$:-.^2, LZ8_, 2012
LaV
=GOe W[=`[I3FUF Je?` 2I $La[O3Z MZOZ +LZ[AB =GOe O;?O ,T" HOZLU_DZBZ XWj =GOe 3< w[FMZ LP LN DETMZF\ 3F FZL Wa LUxO XWj K[TIMTZA\, [HOZ[L?, TZJB] WQZX, %0MZ[;L3 X;[Q"5 Wa WLJMZ0" 3Z [FDZF 3OB\ XWj TOZX WCLZF, JTA_ HD3 ,T" DETe3\ (HZ[E Wa WCLZ[FB XWj W"H3a# divyataroread@gmail.com 1O 09302121911
LZ8_ Wa $+bQ
LZ[W3 3Z?` # D J=ZO %H3< (DZOBZ 1O GMZTXZ[O3 DC[I=3eA Wa %WHZW :]&E GM[1BMQ 3e QZK [LQa5Zj &W LX;Fa %H3Z WLM $59Z J\Ba5Zj [+M:F, +aL\, :\TF WZC\ 3< [F3=BZ 3< T:X Wa LF +W>F OXE5Zj $FZTFM3 48_ HO [FM"2A O4Pj Xe W3BZ XG LX;Fa 3F $"B B3 3>9 3ZF^F\ LWQa %H3Z WLM QPj %MZB-[FMOB Wa :]&E GM[1BMQ 3e QZK [LQa5Zj 5K_TB\ [J2MN WZTEZF\ JOBPj =GOe WQZX # 5]QZJ\ O75 3F TJ2 EZOA 3OQj
T_V
$+bQ Wa L'
LZ[W3 3Z?` # :385 2I HP=E3EW $HFa $E\FJCQ 3e DZ[M;T WRHP 1O (F HO [TFTZW 3OQ, 9XB3ZO; OXE5Zj %H3Z 3fUQ :FW"H3a XGj &Wa JFZ, O4Pj [IEL 1O OZ:F\[B Wa :]&E GM[1BMQ 3e K[TIM LP F, $TWO +Z?B XQ5aj "eE HO [FM"2A O4FZ JyB :|O; XGj EF Wa :]&E LZLQQ LP W"ML O4Pj 6OEQ^ [J2MN WZLZ[:3 3ZL Wa :]&Qj JTZJ<M L0ML OXE5Zj =GOe WQZX # [L3\ DZF 3OQj
[LC]F
L' Wa :^F
LZ[W3 3Z?` # XEOeIR= WLM 3Z QZK (>ZFa Wa F 8^3Rj MX WLM (HQ[AEMQ KOZ XGj TZ3 8ZB]M_ 3Z QZK (>Z,7j $HFa Wa 9e=Q 3e WQZX DQ 1O (F3F 3ZMU LP LDD 3OQj M[D %H W"H[_ 4O;DFZ 8ZXBa XW Be [FTaU 3F [Q, JaXD (HM]1B WLM XGj [3W\ K\ BOX 3Z UZO;[O3 :e[4L (>ZFa Wa J8Pj 3LO 1O 6]=Fa Wa W"J"[EB WLJMZ0" 3F J8ZT 3Z 4ZW 2MZQ O4P j =GOe WQZX # W^M_ 3e :Q 8'Z,7j
33aa
:^F Wa
:]QZ'
LZ[W3 3Z?` # 8b9O,= _LA 1O MZ2Z 3F Me5 XWj GMZHZO Wa W"J"[EB GMJBBZ,7 %H3e [T8[QB O4P5\j Qa[3F HOEUZF F XQ, :ED X; [JC[BMN >;3 Xe :Z,75\ 1O %Fa TZQa WLM LP QZK Xe5Zj H]OZFa [3, TZMDQ 3e K\ H^OZ 3OFa 3Z WLM XGj [OFBaDZOQ Wa LaQ-L]QZ3ZB 3F Me5 XWj DeJBQ Wa WZC_3 [T8ZOQ 3Z %DZF-+DZF Xe5Zj 3ZF^F\ 3ZM_TZX; Ba: Xe5\j ([8B WQZX Wa X; 3ZL 3OQj =GOe WQZX # MZ2Z Wa H^T_ TZXF HO JT[JB3 JFZ,7j
[W"X
! :]QZ' Wa ! $5JB
LZ[W3 3Z?` # " 2I 3?W &W LZX %H3Z LF Tb8Z[O3 MZ2Z0" 3F (CQ-H]CQ KOE DfO Wa 5]:OE5Zj $0MZ;L LP ;]3ZT W"KT XGj $HF\ [:CLaDZ[OMQ Wa H\9E F X=Qj LZX 3Z L0M [F:\ 1O GMZTWZ[M3 ^a2Q LP (;WZX QZ,5Zj UaMO LZ3O= Wa :]&E Qe5Q 3e IZMDZ Xe W3BZ XGj Qa[3F [T_ LZLQQ LP WZTEZF\ O4Pj W5Z'-[TTZX %[D 3F F, Me5 JF OXE XWj WLM 3Z QZK (>Z,7 1O BFZT F 3OQj =GOe WQZX # $HF\ We8 W3ZOZ;L3 O4Pj
3>MZ
" $5JB Wa ! [WB"JO
LZ[W3 3Z?` # ,CHOO 3ZL 1O +aL $[KGM[1B 3Z ([8B WLM XGj W=;3 DC[I=3eA 1O 3ZM_ +J"EF W]"DO H[OAZL WZLFa QZ,5Zj +[BI>Z 3F Me5 XWj (58 +UZW[F3 $[E3Z[OMQ 3F JCZFZ"BOA W"J"[EB WLJMZ,7 WZLFa %,75\j F' Me:FZ0" 3< U]z%B 3F [Q, ):O JF\ OXE5\j %[C_3 [:CLaDZ[OMQ 3e >;3 Wa [FKZ HZ,75aj *A 3F [Q, WLM >;3 XGj 6]=FQ 1O H\> W"J"[EB WLJMZ Xe W3B\ XGj =GOe WQZX # J]ETZO 3e 5O;J J58Q 3e IQ JN=Qj
B]QZ
" [WB"JO Wa ! $1=@JO
LZ[W3 3Z?` # 1T\F 2I JTg?` 3J9O$O LP F, [T3EH WZLFa %,75aj LBKaD XeFZ W"KT XGj F3ZOZ;L3 ):O,7 %H3F JTZJ<M 3e FOL O4 W3B\ XWj %H3F 6O MZ 2[IW 1O MZ2Z0" LP 48_ W"KT XGj WZ;aDZO; 3F GMZHZO LP $&8F % W3B\ XG, &W[Q, -WZ 3OFa Wa J8Pj WLM L0ML XGj $5O 3e' FMZ 3ZL 3OFa 3Z [T8ZO 3O OXE XW Be =ZQ DQ, WLM >;3 FX" XGj =GOe WQZX # HZF\ LP FL3 ?ZQ 3O HQ9Z Q5Z,7j
T_[F83 " $1=@JO Wa
FT"JO
LZ[W3 3Z?` # % 2I HP=E3EW 3&; LaXFB 1O W"6V_ 3Z WLM XGj 3e' K\ 3ZL 3OQ (WLP 'LZFDZO; 1O Q5F 3Z WLZTaU O4Pj H]OZFa [Q, [FA_MQ LP H[OTB_F 1O F, DC[I=3eA 3e $HFZFZ X; Xe5Zj EF Wa W"J"[EB 3ZMU LP $FZMZW z3ZT= 3F 3ZOA 3ZL z3 W3Ba XWj %H3F [TDEU MZ2Z 3F Me5 JF OXE XWj [3W\ 3< (Ha^Z F 3OQ 1O WJWa WXMe5 JFZ3O %5a J'Ba OXQj =GOe WQZX # HZ"8 L]4\ zDiZ^ EZOA 3OQj 72 ¥æ©UÅUÜé· = ×æ¿ü w®vw
EF]
! FT"JO Wa [DW"JO
LZ[W3 3Z?` # QTW_ -Wa GM[1B :e %HWa +aL W"J"E MZ GMZTWZ[M3 JBO HO :]&E XW, %H3F [Q, (HMe5\ [WJ XQ5aj $[B[O1B %M +Z[?B W"KT XGj OeLZ"W LF HO XZT\ OXE5Zj W5Z' MZ TbTZ[X3 88O,7 XQ5\j 3LO-H\> LP DD` JFZ OX W3BZ XGj :e K\ IHWQZ QP We8-WL; 3O QPj JTZJ<M 3Z [TUaV 0MZF O4Pj =GOe WQZX # D[^A-H[F8L [DUZ LP AQT J?KW_B 3F :e&E 3< L^[B_ O4Pj
L3O
[DW"JO Wa :FTO;
LZ[W3 3Z?` # % 2I JTg?KW_ J&E 48_ 3F W"3FB XWj WZT_:[F3 3ZMQ` LP %H (Q;a OXQ5aj $HFa 3ZMQ` 3< +ZC[L3BZ BM 3OFZ :|O; XGj :EDJZ:\ LP [Q, [FA_MQ Wa F]3WZF W"KT XGj [T_\M 1O GMZTWZ[M3 L]KQ LP J][FMZD; JDQZT QZ 3O %H H[OAZL $HFa H^ LP 3O W3Ba XWj ;T8Z W"J"E\ WLJMZ Xe W3B\ XGj =GOe WQZX # J]ETZO 3e [3W\ K\ BOX 3Z QaF-DEF 3OFa Wa J8Pj
3>8K
:FTO; Wa & IOTO;
LZ[W3 3Z?` # ! 2I HP=E3EW $8ZF3 EF QZK 3F Me5 XG"j Qa[3F Xe W3BZ XG H[OTZO 3F J\8 %HW\ BZQLaQ 3Z $KZT OXFa Wa %H3e &W $TWO Wa QZK F [LQaj 9Z2Q 3e 3&; LaXFB 3OFa 3< :|OB XGj +8ZO 1O L\[?MZ Wa :]&E GM[1BMQ 3< 3QZ;L3 $[KGM[1B 3e WOZXFZ [LQa5\j [J2MQ 3e Ha= MZ 9ZB\ Wa W"J"[EB WLJMZ,7 HOEUZF 3O W3B\ XWj =GOe WQZX # 8ZTQ 3Z DZF U]K IQ DE5Zj
L\F ' IOTO; Wa LZ8_ LZ[W3 3Z?` # " 2I Tg>?KW [:BFZ W"KT Xe W3F, :|OBL"DQ 3< WXZMBZ 3OQj $E^OE 3ZL 3e H^OZ 3OFa 3F [Q, [FO7BO +MZWOB OXQ, WIQBZ [LQa5\j z3F y, EF 3< +Z[?B 3F Me5 JF OXE XWj W"H[_ 4O;DFa 3F [Q, WLM >;3 XGj JTZJ<M $F]3AQ OXE5Zj 9Z2 M9D +[BMe5\ HO;^Z DEFa 3< We8 OXE XW Be DEO F 3OQ, WIQBZ [LQFa 3F W"3FB XWj WLM %H3F WZC XG, &W3Z QZK (>Z,7j =GOe WQZX # 6O LP B]QW\ 3Z HfEZ Q5Z,7j