Loksangharsh patrika gantantra divas visheshank 2017 by Randhir Singh Suman

fo"k;&lw p h

lEikndh;

02&02

&eq gEen 'kq ,sc laizHkqrk dk mRlo &izse flag

03&04

jtuh ike nÙk vkSj Qklhokn &txnh'oj prqosZnh

05&06

Hkkjrh; laln dh cqyna vkokt

07&09

ns'knzkgs h dkSu\

10&37

ykgkSj "kM~;a= dsl 38&40 ladyudrkZ & fueZ y oekZ ykgkSj dsl ds nLrkost Hkkjr esa &'kkfyuh tks ' kh

41&42

vlyh vkrafd;ksa dk inkZQk'k

43&45

vlyh ns'k HkDr

46&47 &iq"isUnz dqekj flag

Hkkjr ds egku Økafrdkjh

48&48

fiz ; ikBdx.k! yksd la?k"kZ if=dk dk okf"kZd pUnk tek djus dk d"V djsAa vki pkgsa rks viuk okf"kZd pank nsuk cSd a ] ckjkcadh A/c No. 127510031730 Branch Code : 1275 IFSC Code : BKDNO771275

esa tek dj ldrs gSAa Mªk¶V o psd yksdla?k"kZ if=dk] ckjkcadh ds uke HkstAas &izcU/k lEiknd

fudV Mh-oh-,l- Ldwy] y[kisM+kckx dkyksuh] ckjkcadh&225001 m0iz0 eksckby % 09450195427 yyks ksdd k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkafo'ks d d k f"okka'd Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2= 0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 yks k"kZ x.kra dlylaa?la ?ik"kZf=lif=dk&2017 if=dk Qjojh&2016

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lEikndh; dQu uksp ysaxs /kjk csap ysaxs

26 tuojh ;kuh x.kra= fnolA blh fnu vktknh ds ckn ns'k esa lafo/kku ykxw fd;k x;k FkkA lafo/kku dh izLrkouk esa /keZ fujis{krk dks eq[; :i ls xzg.k fd;k x;k Fkk ftldh ea'kk Fkh ;g ns'k lHkh /keksZa ds ekuusokys ;k u ekuus okys yksxksa dk leku :i ls gSA bl Hkw[k.M esa tks Hkh fuokl djrk gS ;g eqYd mu lHkh yksxksa dk gSA vkt la?k dh fo"kkDr fopkj/kkjk ls vksrizkrs yksxksa dk lRrk ds Åij dCtk gks tkus ds ckn lafo/kku ds vuqlkj lRrk dk mi;ksx rks djuk pkgrs gSa fdUrq lafo/kku ds ewy rRo ^/keZfujis{krk* dks ugha ekurs gSAa ;k ;ksa dfg, fd lafo/kku esa of.kZr rF;ksa ds foijhr ,d Qklhoknh] fgUnqRooknh jkT;] cukus dh ckr dj lkekftd <k¡ps dk /oal dj jgs gSa] lafo/kku dks u ekuukk jk"Vªnzksg gS ;k jk"VªHkfDr gS bldks og u;s fljs ls ifjHkkf"kr dj jgs gSAa tsgu ls vikfgt fo"kkDr efLr"d okys yksx yksdrkaf=d <k¡ps dks {kfr igq¡pkdj ns'k dh ,drk vkSj v[k.Mrk dks [kf.Mr dj jgs gSa] ;g dk;Z mudh jk"Vªnzksfgrk dk gS tcfd os okLrfod ns'kHkDr rkdrksa dks cnuke djus ds fy, xn~nkj&xn~nkj dgdj fl;kjksa dh rjg gqvk¡&gqvk¡ djus yxrs gSaA jk"Vª HkDr dk eryc dkiksZjsV lsDVj dk ukSdj] vkSj mudh uhfr;ksa dk fojks/k djus dk eryc jk"Vªnzkgs h gks tkuk gS tcfd okLrfod fLFkfr ;g gS fd vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa ;s yksx fczfVª'k lkezkT;okfn;ksa dh eq[kfcjh dk dke djrs Fks vkSj vc dkiksZjVs lsDVj ds ,ts.V dh Hkwfedk vnk djrs gq, vejhdh lkezkT;okn dks ykHk igq¡pkus dk dke dj jgs gSaA yksd la?k"kZ if=dk 26 tuojh lu~ 2017 dks lafo/kku cpkvks fnol ds :i esa eukus dk vkokg~u djrh gS vkSj bl volj ij fo'ks"kkad izdkf'kr dj jgh gSA &eq g Een 'kq , sc yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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laizHkqrk dk mRlo &izse flag

26 tuojh 1950 dks Hkkjr dk lafoèkku ykxw gksrk gS vkSj ge nqfu;k ds eap ij ,d laçHkq x.kra= ds :i esa ços'k djrs gSaA rc ls gj 26 tuojh dks x.kra= fnol euk;k tkrk gS] tks gekjh laçHkqrk dk mRlo gSA x.kra= fnol ij jkT;ksa ,oa foHkkxksa dh jaxkjax >kafd;ka fudkyh tkrh gSaA ysfdu og eq[;r% ns'k dh lSU; 'kfä ds çn'kZu dk mRlo gksrk gSA xkSj djsa rks ik,axs fd 1991 esa ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr;k¡ ykxw gksu& s ;kuh 'kkld oxZ }kjk ns'k dh vkfFkZd laçHkqrk ds lkFk le>kSrk djus&ds ckn ls x.kra= fnol dk mRlo T;knk ls T;knk çn'kZudkjh gksrk x;k gSA fiNys djhc rhu n'kdksa esa tSls&tSls vkfFkZd laçHkqrk ds lkFk jktuSfrd laçHkqrk ij Hkh le>kSrk gksrk x;k] jktiFk ij x.kra= fnol dk mRlo çn'kZu dh ijkdk"Bk ij igq¡prk x;kA loky gS fd x.kra= fnol ij çn'kZudkfjrk ds ijoku p<+us ds lkFk D;k gekjh laçHkqrk Hkh ijoku p<+h gS\ uomnkjokn ds nkSj esa fd, x, le>kSrksa vkSj QSlyksa ij ljljh rkSj ij utj Mkyus ls gh irk py tkrk gS fd 'kkld oxZ us ljdkjksa dks lafoèkku] ftlesa gekjh laçHkqrk fufgr gS] dh èkqjh ls mrkj dj uomnkjokn dh iqjksèkk oSf'od iw¡thoknh vkfFkZd laLFkkvksa&fo'o cSad] varjkZ"Vªh; eqæk dks"k] fo'o O;kikj laxBu vkfn&dh èkqjh ij fcBk fn;k gSA ;s le>kSrs vkSj QSlys oSf'od iw¡thoknh vkfFkZd laLFkkvksa ds vkns'kksa ds ekrgr ns'kh&fons'kh dkjiksjsV ?kjkuksa] cgqjk"Vªh; dEifu;ksa ds fgrksa ds fy, fd, x, gSaA fiNys 70 lkyksa esa ns'k esa dqN Hkh ugha gksus dh ckr djus okys ekStwnk usr`Ro us v<+kbZ lky esa ns'k dh laçHkqrk dks fxjoha j[kus dh fn'kk esa fiNys usr`Ro ls T;knk rsth fn[kkbZ gSA vktknh vkSj mls gkfly djus dh dqckZfu;ksa dk ewY; ugha le>us ds pyrs laçHkqrk [kksus dh ckr mUgsa ugha lkyrhA ujflEgk jko] eueksgu flag vkSj lksfu;k xkaèkh ds lkFk Hkh ;gh leL;k FkhA rHkh mUgksaus vktknh ds la?k"kZ dh ikVÊ dks vktknh dks fxjoha j[kus okyh ikVÊ esa rCnhy dj fn;kA 'kkld oxZ lsuk dh etcwrh dks laçHkqrk dh etcwrh ds :i esa is'k djrk gS] ysfdu j{kk&{ks= esa lkS çfr'kr fons'kh fuos'k dh NwV vkSj vejhdk yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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dks nh xbZ lqj{kkra= esa ?kqliSB dh NwV ds pyrs ;g rlYyh >wBh gSA ljdkjsa] [kkl dj ekStwnk ljdkj] jk"VªHkfä dk mUekn iSnk djds ns'k dh turk dks Hkzfer djrh gS fd og ljdkj ds laoSèkkfud laçHkqrk ds çfræksg dks ugha ns[k&le> ik,A jk"VªHkfä dk mUekn dsoy ikfdLrku ds f[kykQ iSnk fd;k tkrk gS] ftls ijkLr djus dh {kerk Hkkjrh; lsuk esa ges'kk jgh gSA Hkkjr dk dbZ gtkj oxZ fdyksehVj {ks= phu ds dCts esa gSA 'kkld oxZ mlds lSU; lekèkku ds fy, jk"VªHkfä dk mUekn iSnk ugha djrkA dqy feyk dj x.kra= fnol dh ijsM lfEefyr :i ls 'kkld oxZ] mldk fgLlk ukxfjd lekt vkSj lkèkj.k turk ds fy, laçHkqrk [kksus ls iSnk gksus okys [kks[kysiu dks Hkjus dh dok;n cu tkrh gSA laçHkqrk ij uolkezkT;oknh f'kdatk ftruk dlrk tk,xk] ;g dok;n Hkh vfèkdkfèkd c<+rh tk,xhA mxz jk"Vªokn mxzrj gksrk tk,xkA ;g fLFkfr csgn my>h vkSj fujk'k djus okyh gSA ysfdu yacs la?k"kZ ls gkfly dh xbZ laçHkqrk dks cpkus vkSj etcwr cukus dh cM+h pqukSrh Hkh is'k djrh gSA [kkl dj ns'k ds ;qokvksa ds lkeusA Hkkjr esa ;qokvksa dk dksbZ ,d èkjkry ugha gSA lkekftd] vkfFkZd ,oa 'kSf{kd Lrj ij dbZ èkjkry gSAa bu lcds vius&vius lius vkSj ladYi gSaA bu rhuksa èkjkryksa ij f'kf{kr] v)Zf'kf{kr vkSj vf'kf{kr csjkstxkj ;qokvksa dh ,d fo'kky QkSt gSA ;qokvksa dk jk"Vª dks ysdj vkSj jk"Vª esa viuh fgLlsnkjh dks ysdj vyx&vyx utfj;k gSA jk"Vªh; laçHkqrk ij uo lkezkT;oknh geys dks ysdj Hkh ;qokvksa dk utfj;k ,d tSlk ugha gSA gkykafd muesa T;knkrj Hkkjr dks egk'kfä ns[kuk pkgrs gSaA cfYd dqN rks ekurs gSa fd Hkkjr egk'kfä cu pqdk gSA ;qokvksa dks le>uk gksxk fd laçHkqrk [kksus okyk ns'k dHkh egk'kfä ugha gks ldrkA os ;g dfBu dYiuk dj ldrs gSa fd uomnkjhdj.k ds rgr rsth ls fd, tk jgs futhdj.k ds pyrs Hkfo"; esa x.kra= fnol dh >k¡fd;ksa esa futh {ks= dh >kfd;k¡ 'kkfey gks ldrh gSaA lkS çfr'kr fons'kh@futh fuos'k lsuk dh ijsM esa Hkh viuh >yd fn[kk ldrk gSA mls lkspuk gS fd D;k mls ;g lc eatwj gksxk\ D;k og uo lkezkT;okn ds rgr cu jgs uomnkjoknh jk"Vª esa fgLlsnkjh djsxk] ;k laçHkq Hkkjrh; jk"Vª esa ftEesnkjh fuHkk,xk\ ns'k ds tkx:d ;qok ubZ rS;kjh vkSj le>nkjh ls laçHkqrk cpkus dh Hkwfedk r; djsaxs] rHkh og cpsxhA eks c kby % 09873276726 yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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jtuh ike nÙk vkSj Qklhokn &txnh'oj prqosZnh jtuh ike nÙk dk fo'o dE;qfuLV vkanksyu esa egRoiw.kZ LFkku gSA mUgksua s yacs le; rd Lok/khurk vkanksyu ds nkSjku Hkkjr ds dE;qfuLV vkanksyu esa Hkh vxz.kh usrk ds :i esa Hkwfedk vnk dhA os dE;qfuLV vkanksyu ds çeq[k fl)kardkj gSAa Hkkjr bu fnuksa ujsUæ eksnh vkSj vkj,l,l dh jktuhfr ds eksg esa ftl rjg ca/kk gS mlls eqä gksus ds fy, t:jh gS fd ge jtuh ike nÙk ds Qklhokn fojks/kh utfj, dh çeq[k /kkj.kkvksa dks tkusAa Hkkjr esa ftls vf/kuk;dokn] rkuk'kkgh ;k lkEçnkf;drk dgrs gSa ;s lc Qklhokn ds gh :i gSAa ns'kt ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k muds y{k.kksa esa dqN fHkUurk t:j utj vkrh gS] ysfdu mldh cqfu;knh ço`fÙk;k¡ Qklhokn ls feyrh&tqyrh gSAa jtuh ike nÙk ds vuqlkj Qklhokn [kkl ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vk/kqfud iwt ¡ hoknh uhfr;ksa vkSj ço`fÙk;ksa esa iru dh ijkdk"Bk vkus ls iSnk gksus okyh pht gS vkSj ;g mlh iru dh lai.w kZ vkSj lrr vfHkO;fä djrk gSA vkerkSj ij ;g /kkj.kk jgh gS fd Qklhokn esa reke fdLe dh Lora=rk,¡ LFkfxr dj nh tkrh gS]a lafo/kku çnÙk yksdrkaf=d vf/kdkj] ekSfyd vf/kdkj vkfn dks LFkfxr dj fn;k tkrk gS] Hkkjr esa ge lcus ;g vkikrdky esa eglwl fd;k gSA ysfdu ;g Hkh laHko gS fd lao/S kkfud laLFkkvks]a ewY;ksa vkSj ekU;rkvksa dks yksdra= ds jgrs fuf"Ø; cuk fn;k tk,] tSlk fd bu fnuksa Hkkjr esa gks jgk gSA jtuh ike nÙk us Qklhoknh laxBuksa dh Hkwfedk ij jks'kuh Mkyrs gq, fy[kk fd vusd ns'kksa esa Qklhokn dk tUe turk ds chp vkanksyu [kM+k djds vkSj turk ds oksV ls lÙkk gkfly djds gqvk gSA Qklhoknh vkanksyudkjh vke turk esa vkrad iSnk djds] dkuwu dh ijokg u djus okyh fxjksgcafn;ksa dks cukdj] lalnh; ijaijkvksa dh vuns[kh djds] jk"Vªh; vkSj lkekftd rkSj ij HkM+dkÅ Hkk"k.kckth djds] fojks/kh nyksa vkSj etnwjksa ds laxBuksa dk fgalkRed neu vkSj vkrad ds jkt dh LFkkiuk djds ,dkf/kdkjh jkT; LFkkfir djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSAa jtuh ike nÙk us fy[kk gS [kqn Qklhokfn;ksa dh utj esa Qklhokn ,d vk/;kfRed okLrfodrk gSA ;g bls ,d fopkj/kkjk vkSj n'kZu ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr djrs gSAa os bls drZO;] vkns'k] lÙkk] jkT;] jk"Vª] bfrgkl vkfn dk fl)kar crkrs gSAa jtuh ike nÙk ds vuqlkj çR;sd ns'k esa Qklhokn ds lHkh [kqys vkSj cM+s leFkZd cqtv Zq k oxZ ds gh gSAa ;gh gky Hkkjr dk gSA nÙk us fy[kk Qklhokn vius 'kq:vkrh nkSj esa Hkys gh vke yksxksa dk leFkZu gkfly djus ds fy, iwt ¡ hokn fojks/kh çpkj vkSj Hkk"k.kckth djs ysfdu 'kq: ls gh bls thfor j[kus] c<+kus vkSj ikyus&ikslus dk dke cM+s cqtv Zq k rFkk cM+s /kuifr] lkear vkSj m|ksxifr gh djrs gSAa bruk gh ugha Qklhokn dks c<+kus vkSj etnwj oxZ ds vkanksyu ls cpkus esa Hkh cqtv Zq k rkuk'kkgh dh Li"V Hkwfedk jgh gSA Qklhokn ljdkjh cyks]a lsuk ds mPpkf/kdkfj;ks]a iqfyl ds vQljks]a vnkyrksa vkSj ttksa ls enn ikrk jgk gS D;ksfa d os lHkh etnwj oxZ ds fojks/k dks dqpyuk pkgrs gSa tcfd Qklhoknh xSjdkuwuhiu dks enn yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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djrs jgrs gSAa lu~ 1928 ds dE;qfuLV baVjus'kuy ds dk;ZØe esa Qklhokn dh oSKkfud O;k[;k vfHkO;ä gqbZ gS] fy[kk gS] dqN fof'k"V ,sfrgkfld fLFkfr;ksa esa cqtv Zq k] lkezkT;oknh] çfrfØ;koknh vkØkedrk dh çxfr Qklhokn dk :i ys ysrh gSA ;g fLFkfr;k¡ gS %& iwt a hoknh lac/a kksa esa vfLFkjrk Hkh dkQh cM+h la[;k esa oxZP;qr lkekftd rRoksa dh ekStnw xh 'kgjh isVhcqtv Zq k lewg vkSj ckSf)d oxZ dk nfjæhdj.k xzkeh.k isVhcqtv Zq k oxZ esa vlarks"k vkSj loZgkjk oxZ }kjk Økafr dj nsus dk ncko ;k MjA vius 'kklu dks tkjh j[kus vkSj fLFkj djus ds fy, cqtv Zq k oxZ lalnh; ç.kkyh dks NksMd + j Qklhoknh O;oLFkk dh rjQ c<+rs tkus dks etcwj gksrk gS] tks ikfVZ;ksa okyh O;oLFkk vkSj tksM& + rksM+ ls eqä gksrh gSA Qklhoknh 'kklu çR;{k rkuk'kkgh dh O;oLFkk gS] ftlij jk"Vªoknh gksus dk eq[kkSVk p<+k gksrk gS vkSj [kqn dks is'ksoj ¼tks 'kkld tekr ds gh fofHkUu lewg gksrs gS½a oxZ dk çfrfuf/k dgrk gSA isVhcqtv Zq k oxZ] ckSf)dksa vkSj lekt ds vU; oxksZ a dh ukjktxh dk ykHk mBkus ds fy, ;g vkMacj vkSj fo}s"kiw.kZ Hkk"k.kckth ¼dHkh tkfr vkSj uLy dks fu'kkuk cukuk rks dHkh laln vkSj cM+s m|ksxifr;ksa dh rjQ fu'kkuk lk/kuk½ djrk gS rFkk ,d Bksl vkSj [kkrh&ihrh lksikukRed Qklhoknh 'kklu bdkbZ] ukSdj'kkgh vkSj ikVhZ bdkbZ ds tfj, Hkz"Vkpkj djrk gSA blds lkFk gh Qklhokn etnwj oxZ ds lcls fiNM+s fgLls dks rksMd + j] mudh ukjktxh dks Hkqukrk gS rFkk lkekftd yksdra=okfn;ksa dh fuf"Ø;rk dk ykHk Hkh ysrk gSA Qklhokn dk eq[; mís'; etnwjoxZ ds Økafrdkjh gjkoy nLrs] vFkkZr dE;qfuLV fgLlksa vkSj loZgkjk oxZ dh vxqvk bdkb;ksa dks u"V djuk gSA lkekftd :i ls HkM+dkÅ ukjksa dks mNkyuk] Hkz"Vkpkj rFkk neudkjh 'kklu ds lkFk gh fons'kh jktuhfr esa vfr&lkezkT;oknh vkØe.k Qklhokn ds [kkl pfj= gSAa cqtv Zq k oxZ ds fy, [kkl ladV ds nkSjksa esa Qklhokn iwt ¡ hokn fojks/kh 'kCnkoyh dk ç;ksx 'kq: djrk gSA ysfdu tc og 'kklu esa te tkrk gS rks mu lkjh ckrksa dks vklkuh ls Hkqyk nsrk gS vkSj cM+h iwt ¡ h dh vkradoknh rkuk'kkgh ds :i esa lkeus vkrk gSA Hkkjr esa Qklhokn ij ckrsa djrs le; vf/kdka'k le; leku fopkjksa ds yksxksa esa vusdckj fopyu Hkh utj vkrk gS]os Qklhoknh laxBuksa dh bl ;k ml pht dh ç'kalk djus yxrs gSAa Qklhoknh laxBu dks ges'kk lexzrk esa mudh jktuhfr ds vkbZus esa ns[kuk pkfg,A buds ihNs cM+s dkjiksjVs ?kjkuksa dh lfØ;rk] leFkZu vkSj vkfFkZd enn dh dHkh vogsyuk ugha djuh pkfg,A elyu~ vkj,l,l ds ihNs lfØ; dkjiksjVs ?kjkuksa dh Hkwfedk dh vuns[kh ugha djuh pkfg,A dkjiksjVs ?kjkus gh gSa tks la?k ls tqMs+ laxBuksa ds xq.Mks]a vijkf/k;ks]a 'kSrkuksa vkSj LosPNkpkfj;ksa dk lkjk [kpkZ mBkrs gSAa ;s os yksx gSa tks cgqr gh 'kkar Hkko] lkQ lksp vkSj cqf)ekuh ls la?k dh QkSt dk lapkyu dk dke dj jgs gSAa gesa buds Åijh 'kksj&'kjkcs ij ugha mudh okLrfod dk;Zç.kkyh ij /;ku nsuk pkfg,A Qklhoknh jktuhfr Åijh 'kksj&'kjkcs ls le> esa ugha vk,xhA jtuh ike nÙk us fy[kk gS Qklhokn foÙkh; iwt a hokn dk gh ,d dk;Zuhfrd tfj;k gSA eks-09331762360 yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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Hkkjrh; laln dh cqyna vkokt lkB vkSj lÙkj ds n'kd esa Hkkjrh; laln esa ghjsu eq[kthZ] ukFk ikbZ] T;ksfreZ; clq ds lkFk&lkFk ftl oäk dh lcls T;knk /kkd gksrh Fkh og Fks Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds Hkwi's k xqIrA ,d ckj e'kgwj jaxeap vkykspd dsuFs k fVusu us dgk Fkk] ^vaxt sz datl w ksa dh rjg y¶tksa dh tek[kksjh djrs gS]a tcfd vk;fj'k ,d 'kjkch dh rjg mUgsa ckgj fudky nsrs gSAa * Hkwi's k xqIr us vius thou esa dHkh 'kjkc ugha ih] ysfdu jkT;lHkk esa tc Hkh os cksyus ds fy, [kM+s gq,] muds eqg¡ ls y¶t ,d vk;fj'k eSu dh rjg gh fudysA Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds jk"Vªh; lfpo vrqy dqekj vatku dh Hkwi's k xqIr ls igyh eqykdkr rc gqbZ tc os flQZ 16&17 lky ds gqvk djrs FksA vatku crkrs gS]a ^eSa vky bafM;k LVwMVas QsMjs 's ku ds ,d çn'kZu esa fnYyh vk;k Fkk 1972 esAa cksV Dyc ij gq, ml çn'kZu esa eSua s Hkwi's k xqIr dks igyh ckj cksyrs gq, lqukA ogha eSua s e/kqfye;s] ve`rin Mk¡xs vkSj ukFk ikbZth dks lqukA eSa bu lcls çHkkfor gqvkA ysfdu lcls vf/kd çHkkfor gqvk Hkwi's k xqIr dh flagxtZuk ls ftldks lquus ls ân;] 'kjhj vkSj jkse esa daiu gksrk FkkA* vatku vkxs crkrs gS]a ^D;k 'kCn Fks muds! D;k Fkk mudk mPpkj.k! ml tekus esa mruh vaxt sz h ugha tkurk Fkk ysfdu rc Hkh yxrk Fkk fd os gekjh gh ckr dj jgs gSAa tc os mB dj tkus yxs rks eSa muds ikl tk dj [kM+k gks x;kA muls ckrphr dhA gkFk feyk;kA mUgksua s vaxt sz h esa iwNk dgk¡ ls\ eSua s dgk y[kuÅ lsA ;s esjh mudh igyh eqykdkr FkhA* ckn esa rks vrqy vatku dk Hkwi's k xqIr ds lkFk dkQh lkFk jgkA tc Hkh os y[kuÅ ls fnYyh vkrs Fks] mUgha ds ?kj Bgjrs FksA lqcg lk<+s rhu cts mB tkrs Fks Hkwi's k xqIrA rHkh v[kckj okyk /kM+ki dh vkokt ds lkFk v[kckj dk caMy Qsd a tkrk FkkA nSfud dk;Z ls fuo`Ùk gksus ds ckn os pkj cts ls v[kckj i<+uk 'kq: dj nsrs FksA ik¡p cts ls os jkT;lHkk esa /;kukd"kZ.k çLrko ds fy, rS;kjh 'kq: dj nsrs FksA ,d gh maxyh ls vius iqjkus Vkbi jkbVj ij Vkbi djuk 'kq: dj nsrs FksA lkr lk<+s lkr cts rd mudk dke jksdks çLrko vkSj thjks vkoj esa dkSu lk loky iwNx as & s bu lc dh rS;kjh gks tkrh FkhA vkB lok vkB cts jkT;lHkk ds lfpoky; esa mudk ç'u igqp ¡ tkrk Fkk vkSj Bhd nl cts os laln igqp ¡ tkrs FksA dqy feyk dj mUgksua s jkT;lHkk esa 1500 ls 2000 ds chp Hkk"k.k fn, gSAa tc Hkwi's k cksyrs Fks rks lHkkifr rd ds cwrs dh ckr ugha gksrh Fkh fd os muds Hkk"k.k esa O;o/kku Mkysa ;k muls dgs]a ^;ksj Vkbe bt vi feLVj Hkwi's k xqIrA* tc os [kM+s gksrs Fks rks yksx viuh dqlhZ ls fpid dj cSB tkrs FksA lqfer pØorhZ esuLVªhe if=dk ds laiknd vkSj tkus&ekus i=dkj fuf[ky pØorhZ ds csVs gSAa os crkrs gS]a ^vcw vczkge us ,d ckj fy[kk Fkk fd tc os jkT;lHkk esa igyh ckj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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,d lnL; dh gSfl;r ls ?kqls rks mUgksua s ns[kk fd Hkwi's k xqIr lnu esa dksbZ ekeyk mBk jgs FksA mudk Hkk"k.k dqN yack gks pyk FkkA lHkkifr us muls xqtkfj'k dh fd eqís ij vkb,A* ^Hkwi's k us tokc fn;k eSa /khjs&/khjs ogh dj jgk gwA¡ ,d eksrh ls ekyk ugha cu tkrhA mudks ,d&,d dj fijksus ls gh ekyk curh gSA mudh ,d vkSj vnk gksrh Fkh fd viuk Hkk"k.k nsus ds ckn os viuk fg;fjax ,M mrkj nsrs FksA yksx etkd esa dgrs Fks fd os ,slk blfy, djrs Fks rkfd muds Hkk"k.k dh vkykspuk muds dkuksa rd u igqp ¡ ldsA ,d ckj usg: ds Hkk"k.k ds nkSjku gh mUgksua s viuk fg;fjax ,M mrkj fn;k FkkA tc usg: us dgk Fkk fd ge esa ls cgqrksa dks ;s lkSHkkX; ugha çkIr gS fd ge og u lquas tks ge lquuk ugha pkgrsA* fgj.e; dkysd Z j fganLq rku VkbEl ds laiknd jg pqds gSAa mUgksua s Hkwi's k xqIr ds jktuSfrd thou dks cgqr utnhd ls ns[kk gSA os crkrs gS]a ^vxj vkidks muls ckr djuh gksrh Fkh rks vkidks cgqr tksj ls cksyuk iM+rk Fkk] D;ksfa d os Å¡pk lqurs FksA nwljk os [kqys balku FksA tks dqN dguk gksrk Fkk lkQ cksyrs FksA rhljs fooknkLin ckr djus esa mUgsa cgqr etk vkrk FkkA ,d ckr djds os NksM+ nsrs Fks vkSj fQj ns[krs Fks fd mldk mu yksxksa ij D;k vlj iM+ jgk gS ftuds fy, og ckr dgh xbZ FkhA* Hkwi's k 'kjkc dks gkFk ugha yxkrs FksA lqfer pØorhZ ,d fdLlk lqukrs gS]a ^,d ckj uoo"kZ ds ekSds ij ,d efgyk us muls dgk fd vkt rks de ls de vki 'kSjh ih ldrs gSAa Hkwi's k us tksj ls Bgkdk yxkrs gq, dgk Fkk fd rqe eq>ls og dke djus ds fy, dg jgh gks tks eq>ls ekvks Rls rqx a vkSj fufdrk [#'kpso Hkh ugha djok ik,A mUgksua s fdruh ckj eq>ls 'kjkc ihus dk bljkj fd;k ysfdu eSua s dHkh mudh ckr ugha ekuhA* esuLVªhe ds iwoZ laiknd fuf[ky pØorhZ Hkwi's k xqIr dks muds yanu ds fnuksa ls tkurs FksA mudh ekSr ds ckn mUgksua s mUgsa J)katfy nsrs gq, dgk Fkk] ^Hkwi's k lalnh; cgl ds fy, cgqr rS;kjh djrs FksA os vius futh lfpo [kqn FksA mudk dejk ges'kk csrjrhc jgrk Fkk ysfdu og est ftl ij os dke djrs Fks] ges'kk lkQ lqFkjh gksrh FkhA* ^ml tekus esa laln esa /;ku vkdf"kZr djus ds dbZ rjhds gqvk djrs FksA ,d Fkk jktukjk;.k LVkby tgk¡ vki el[kjkiu dj lkalnksa dk /;ku [khaprs Fks vkSj nwljk Fkk lat; xka/kh LVkby tgk¡ vki rkdr vkSj Å¡ph vkokt ds tksj ij viuh ckr euokrs FksA Hkwi's k bu nksuksa ls vyx FksA mUgsa blfy, lquk tkrk Fkk D;ksfa d os ges'kk ukbalkQh vkSj vlekurk ds f[kykQ vkokt mBkrs FksA Hkwi's k xqIr dh vdsyh laifÙk mudh fdrkcsa FkhaA muds ikl cgqr de diM+s gksrs FksA vxj dksbZ mUgsa dksbZ diM+k nsrk Hkh rks os mls fdlh t:jrean dks ckaV nsrs FksA dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds iwoZ usrk eksfgr lsu muds cgqr djhch FksA mUgksua s viuh vkRedFkk ^n VªoS yj ,aM n jksM* esa fy[kk gS] ^tc os ejs rks muds cSd a vdkmaV esa cgqr de iSls FksA muds ikl fdrkcks]a uksVcqDl vkSj cgqr ekewyh okMZjksc ds vykok dqN Hkh ugha FkkA eq>s os cgqr ilan djrs Fks vkSj vDlj ge muds fQjkst 'kkg jksM okys ?kj ls caxkyh ekdsVZ iSny tk;k djrs Fks tgk¡ os xksyxIis vkSj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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feBkb;k¡ [kkrs FksA* ^rhl ds n'kd ls gh os bafnjk xka/kh ls cgqr tqMs+ gq, Fks vkSj muds vkSj fQjkst xka/kh ds chp lan's kokgd dk dke djrs FksA ysfdu 1977 ds ckn ls os muds l[r f[kykQ gks x, Fks] gkyk¡fd mUgksua s bejtsl a h dk leFkZu fd;k FkkA mlds ckn os muls futh rkSj ij dHkh ugha feysA Hkwi's k xqIr vkSj bafnjk xka/kh dh nksLrh ds ckjs esa cgqr dqN fy[kk x;k gSA bafnjk xka/kh] muds gksus okys ifr fQjkst xka/kh vkSj Hkwi's k xqIr fczVus ls ,d gh ikuh ds tgkt ls Hkkjr okil ykSVs FksA bafnjk xka/kh dh utnhdh nksLr iqiy q t;dj us muij fy[kh thouh esa fy[kk gS] ^tc bafnjk xka/kh fQjkst xka/kh ls 'kknh ds eqís ij vius firk tokgjyky usg: dks ugha euk ikbZa rks os vkSj fQjkst] dE;qfuLV usrk vkSj vius cgqr vPNs nksLr Hkwi's k xqIr ds ikl x,A* ^tc Hkwi's k us ;s lquk rks os fQjkst dh rjQ eqM+ dj cgqr xaHkhjrk ls cksy]s ^D;k rqe oQknkj jg ikvksx\s * fQjkst tksj ls g¡ls vkSj ?kqVuksa ds cy cSB dj cksy]s ^D;k rqe pkgrs gks fd eSa oQknkjh dk ç.k yw\¡ * Hkwi's k xqIrk us fQjkst xka/kh dks dksbZ tokc ugha fn;k] cfYd bafnjk xka/kh dh rjQ eqM+ dj iwNk] ^D;k rqe okLro esa fQjkst ls 'kknh djuk pkgrh gks\* mudks irk Fkk fd bafnjk ftíh gS vkSj mUgsa dksbZ rkTtqc ugha gqvk tc bafnjk us dgk fd mudk ;gh bjknk gSA Hkwi's k us rc nksuksa ls dgk fd os egkRek xka/kh ls lykg ysAa * bafnjk xka/kh ls bruh fudVrk gksus ds ckotwn mudh nksLrh dHkh Hkh muds jktuSfrd fopkjksa ds vkM+s ugha vkbZA tc oä dk rdktk gqvk rks mUgksua s bafnjk xk¡/kh ij jktuSfrd geyksa ls ijgst ugha fd;kA vrqy dqekj vatku crkrs gS]a ^bafnjk xka/kh ds lkFk muds lac/a k uhfr;ksa ds loky ij dBksj gksrs FksA eq>s yxrk gS fd yanu ds v/;;u dky esa nksuksa ds lac/a kksa ds chp cgqr thoarrk vkSj vkReh;rk FkhA ,d ckj eSa muds fuokl LFkku ls laln Hkou iSny tk jgk FkkA* ^vpkud muds lkeus ,d ,acl s Mj dkj vk dj #dhA 'kh'kk mrkj dj ,d efgyk cksy jgh Fkh Hkwi's k&Hkwi's kA eSua s ns[kk os ç/kkuea=h bafnjk xka/kh FkhaA mUgksua s viuh dkj dk njoktk [kksyk vkSj muls viuh dkj esa cSBus dk vkxzg djus yxhaA ysfdu Hkwi's k dkj esa cSBus esa f>>d jgs FksA varr% os dkj esa ugha cSBAs rc eq>s yxk fd ;s flQZ ,d vf}rh; lkaln vkSj ç/kkuea=h ds chp dk ekeyk ugha gS] cfYd ;g cgqr xgjk vkReh; lac/a k gSA* 1981 esa tc Hkwi's k xqIr dk fu/ku gqvk vkSj muds ikfFkZo 'kjhj dks vt; Hkou yk;k x;k] rks bafnjk xka/kh Lo;a mUgsa J)katfy nsus dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds eq[;ky; vt; Hkou igqp ¡ hA ml le; vrqy vatku Hkh vt; Hkou esa ekStnw FksA vrqy crkrs gS]a ^eSua s ns[kk fd bafnjk th vkbZa FkhaA ,dne ^'osr ifj/kku esa Fkha] ,dne lQsn] dkyk p'ek yxk, gq, FkhaA* bl ekSds ij yksd la?k"kZ if=dk ds izc/a k lEiknd j.k/khj flag lqeu Hkh ekStnw FksA ^tc os Hkwi's k ds ikfFkZo 'kjhj ds ikl vkbZa rks cgqr nsj rd [kM+h jghaA mudk 'kjhj 'kh'ks ds dkLdsM esa j[kk x;k Fkk] ftlesa mudk psgjk fn[kkbZ ns jgk FkkA os viuh yach xnZu fudky dj cgqr xkSj ls Hkwi's k ds psgjs dks ns[krh jghaA eSa mudh cxy esa [kM+k FkkA eSua s ns[kk fd muds dkys p'es ds uhps ls Vi Vi vk¡lw cg jgs FksA* &lkHkkj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ns'k nzkgs h dkSu\ ebZ 2014 dks Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ ¼Hkktik½ ds lÙkk esa vkus ds ckn ns'k esa ftl rjg Qklhoknh 'kfä;ksa us turk dh gj ,d tk;t vkokt dks nckdj >wB vkSj Qjsc dks QSykuk 'kq: dj fn;k gS ;g fdlh Hkh balkQilUn O;fä ds fy, cspuS dj nsus okyk gSA pkjks rjQ tuoknfojks/kh bu 'kfä;ksa us HkhM+ dh ekufldrk cukuk 'kq: dj fn;k vkSj ;g QSykuk 'kq: dj fn;k fd tks eksnh ljdkj vkSj jk"Vªh; Lo;a lsod la?k dh gk¡ esa gk¡ ugha feyk jgk gS] og ns'k fojks/kh vkSj ns'kæksgh gSA ns'k esa ,e-,ldycqxhZ] xksfoUn ikuljs vkSj ujsUæ nkHkksydj dh gR;k lp fy[kus vkSj cksyus ds dkj.k dj nh xbZA nknjh esa v[kykd uked ,d eqlyeku dh gR;k mlds ?kj esa xk; dk ekal gksus dh vQokg QSykdj dqN fganRq ooknh xq.Mksa }kjk dj nh xbZA /keZ vkSj lkEçnkf;drk dh jktuhfr djus okys bl fxjksg us b/kj cM+s tksj&'kksj ls ^jk"Vªokn* vkSj ^ns'kHkfä* dk jkx vykiuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA bl iwjs 'kksj&'kjkcs esa Hkxok Qklhoknh ,d vksj turk ds cqfu;knh gdksa dh vkokt dks [kwu esa Mqcks nsuk pkgrs gSa rks nwljh vksj ns'k dk Qklhoknhdj.k djds turk ij viuh rkuk'kkgh Fkksi nsuk pkgrs gSAa ^fodkl* vkSj ^dkys/ku* dh ckr djrs gq, lÙkk esa vk, bu nkseg¡q ksa us ,d ckj fQj turk dks csodwQ cukus dk dke gh fd;k gSA eksnh vius pquko çpkj esa gj vkneh ds [kkrs esa dkys /ku dk 15 yk[k #i;s nsus dk tks pqukoh ok;nk djrs gq, brjk jgs Fks mls cM+h cs'kehZ ls vfer 'kkg us ^pqukoh tqeyk* crk fn;kA ;g buds nq%lkgl vkSj cs'kehZ dh bUrgka ugha rks vkSj D;k gS\ D;k turk ls ftu ok;nksa ij oksV fy, x, mUgsa ^pqukoh tqeyk* djkj nsuk turk vkSj ns'k ds ckjs esa buds ealcw ksa dks ugha fn[kkrk gS\ vkt iwjs ns'k esa Hkq[kejh] csjkstxkjh] eg¡xkbZ vHkwriwoZ Lrj ij gSA ns'k dh 33 djksM+ vkcknh Hk;adj rjhds ls ihus ds ikuh ds ladV ls tw> jgh gSA fdlku vkRegR;k,¡ dj jgs gSAa mPp f'k{kk ds ctV esa 55 Qhlnh dh dVkSrh bl ctV esa dj nh xbZ gS] ogha nwljh rjQ iwt ¡ hifr;ksa vkSj dkjiksjVs ?kjkuksa ds yk[kksa djksM+ #i;s ds dtZ ekQ dj fn, x, gSAa d'ehj ls ysdj iqMp q js h rd reke fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ljdkj dh f'k{kk fojks/kh uhfr;ksa dks ysdj Nk= vkUnksyu dj jgs gSa vkSj mu ij iqfyl ykfB;k¡ cjlk jgh gSA iwjs ns'k esa nfyrksa vkSj vYila[;dksa ij mRihM+u vkSj vR;kpkj dh ?kVuk,¡ c<+ jgha gSAa la?k] mlds vuq"kaxh laxBu gh ugha cfYd Hkktik ljdkj ds fo/kk;d vkSj eaf=;ksa rd dh Hkwfedk fu%lafnX/k :i ls lkeus vk jgh gSA ns'k esa ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ;g ljdkj ugha pkgrh fd vke vkneh viuh jksth&jksVh] Nk= viuh f'k{kk vkSj fdlku] etnwj vius gd dh ckr lkspAas ;g ns'kh&fons'kh iwt ¡ h dh lsok esa vkus okyh fdlh Hkh ck/kk dks lekIr dj nsuk pkgrh gS vkSj ns'k esa ,slk ekgkSy cukuk pkgrh gS fd dksbZ Hkh vius gd&vf/kdkj dh ckr lksp Hkh u lds vkSj flj >qdkdj iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dh xqykeh ctkrk jgs vkSj Qklhoknh xq.Mksa dh gk¡ esa gk¡ feykrk jgsA blds fy, la?k&Hkktik fxjksg iwjs ns'k esa mUekn dk ,slk yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ekgkSy cuk jgk gS ftlesa yksx foosd vkSj rdZ dks Hkwydj HkhM+ esa rCnhy gks tk,¡ vkSj okLrfod eqíksa dks NksMd + j vkil esa gh yM+ ejsAa ;g jäfiiklq vkne[kksj dsoy xqtjkr vkSj eqt¶Qjuxj tSls ujlagkj gh ugha dj jgs gSa cfYd NksV& s NksVs Lrjksa ij gR;k,¡] vkSj vQokgksa dks QSyk yksxksa esa nq'euh vkSj naxs Hkh HkM+dk jgs gSAa vkt budh vlfy;r dks le>us ds fy, vke turk dks vius fdlh Hkh iwokZxgz dks NksMd + j vkne[kksj la?k&Hkktik ifjokj dh lPpkbZ dks le>us dh t:jr gSA D;ksfa d tc Qklhokn naxksa vkSj gR;kvksa dks vatke nsrk gS rks mlesa u flQZ vYila[;d] xjhc etnwj ejrs gS]a cfYd lekt esa vius dks lqjf{kr eglwl djus okyk NksVk O;kikjh o e/;oxZ o vU; Hkh mlls ugha cprkA vkt gekjs fy, la?k&Hkktik ds ^jk"Vªokn* vkSj bldh rFkkdfFkr ^ns'kHkfä* dh vlfy;r dks igpkuus dh t:jr gS vkSj mlds lkFk gh ns'k dh vktknh ds fy, 'kghn gksus okys lPps ^ns'kHkäks*a dh ØkfUrdkjh fojklr dks tkuus le>us dh Hkh t:jr gSA gesa ,d mUeknh ns'k&Hkatd Hkktik&la?kh ^jk"Vªokn* ugha cfYd turk ds HkkbZpkjs] vktknh vkSj turk ds tuoknh vf/kdkjksa okys lekt dh t:jr gSA vkt gj ,d balkQilUn ukStoku] ukxfjd vkSj L=h&iq#"k ds fy, la?k&Hkktik ds vly psgjs dks ns[kus dh t:jr gS D;ksfa d ;g gekjh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus gh gj >wB dks lkS ckj nksgjk dj lp cukuk pkgrs gSAa

1- vkj,l,l dh ^ns'kHkfä* ds 'kksj dk lp la?k&Hkktik }kjk tkjh ^ns'kHkfä* ds 'kksj ds chp gesa [kqn ls ;g loky djuk pkfg, fd ns'k D;k gS\ vkSj ns'kHkfä fdls dgrs gS\a ns'k dksbZ dkxt ij cuk uD'kk ugha gksrk gS] ;g curk gS ogk¡ ds yksxksa ls] turk ls vkSj ns'k Hkfä ds vlyh ek;us gS turk ls I;kj] buds nq[k rdyhQ ls okLrk vkSj buds la?k"kZ esa lkFk nsukA ns'kHkfä dh ckr djrs gq, vxj bl ns'k dh vktknh dh yM+kbZ ij utj Mkyh tk; rks vkt Hkh gekjs tsgu esa tks uke vkrs gSa os gSa %& 'kghn Hkxr flag] jktxq:] lq[knso] pUæ'ks[kj vktkn] v'kQkd&mYyk] jkeçlkn ^fcfLey*A ns'kHkfä ds fy, ns'k ds vFkZ dks le>uk csgn t:jh gS vkSj ;g Hkh tkuuk t:jh gS fd ns'k ds fy, dqckZu gksus okys bu 'kghnksa us fdlds fy, viuh tku dh ckth yxkbZ Fkh\ vkt ,d vke vkneh Hkh ;g le> ldrk gS fd ns'k dkxt ij cuk egt ,d uD'kk ugha gksrkA u gh dsoy tehu dk ,d VqdM+k gksrk gSA ns'k curk gS ogk¡ jgus okyh turk lsA og turk tks ml ns'k dh t:jr dk gj ,d lktks lkeku cukrh gS] og fdlku vkSj [ksfrgj etnwj tks vukt iSnk djrs gSa og turk tks ns'k dks pykrh gSA D;k bl turk ds nq%[k&rdyhQ esa 'kkfey gq, fcuk] mlds la?k"kZ esa Hkkxhnkjh fd, fcuk dksbZ ns'kHkä dgyk ldrk gS\ Hkxr flag ds fy, ØkfUr vkSj la?k"kZ dk eyrc D;k Fkk\ og fdl rjg ds lekt ds fy, yM+ jgs Fks\ 6 twu 1929 dks fnYyh ds ls'ku tt dh vnkyr esa fn, Hkxr flag vkSj cVqd's ojnÙk ds c;ku ls Li"V gksrk gS %& ^ØkfUr ls gekjk vfHkçk; gS& vU;k; ij vk/kkfjr ekStnw k lekt&O;oLFkk esa vkewy ifjorZuA lekt yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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dk çeq[k vax gksrs gq, Hkh vkt etnwjksa dks muds çkFkfed vf/kdkjksa ls oafpr j[kk tk jgk gS vkSj mudh xk<+h dekbZ dk lkjk /ku 'kks"kd iwt ¡ hifr gM+i tkrs gSAa nwljksa ds vUunkrk fdlku vkt vius ifjokj lfgr nkus&nkus ds fy, eksgrkt gSAa nqfu;kHkj ds cktkjksa dks diM+k eqg;S k djkus okyk cqudj vius rFkk vius cPpksa ds ru <¡dus&Hkj dks Hkh diM+k ugha ik jgk gSA lqUnj egyksa dk fuekZ.k djus okys jktxhj] yksgkj rFkk c<+bZ Lo;a xUns ckM+kas esa jgdj viuh thou yhyk lekIr dj tkrs gSAa blds foijhr lekt ds 'kks"kd iwt ¡ hifr tjk&tjk lh ckrksa ds fy, yk[kksa dk okjk&U;kjk dj nsrs gSAa ;g Hk;kud vlekurk vkSj tcjnLrh yknk x;k HksnHkko nqfu;k dks ,d cgqr cM+h mFky iqFky dh rjQ fy, tk jgk gSA ;g fLFkfr cgqr fnuksa rd dk;e ugha jg ldrhA Li"V gS fd vkt dk /kfud lekt ,d Hk;kud Tokykeq[kh ds eq[k ij cSBdj jaxjsfy;k¡ euk jgk gS vkSj 'kksf"krksa ds eklwe cPps rFkk djksMk+ as 'kksf"kr yksx ,d Hk;kud [kï dh dxkj ij py jgs gSAa * ¼Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds miyC/k lEiw.kZ nLrkost] la& lR;e~] i`"B& 338½ Hkxr flag ds fy, ns'kHkfä dk eryc Fkk& turk ds fy, 'kks"k.keqä lekt cukus dk ladYiA vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dh 'kgknr ,d ,sls eqYd ds lius ds fy, Fkh tks cjkcjh] lekurk vkSj 'kks"k.k ls eqä gksA tgk¡ usrk vkSj iwt ¡ hifr ?kiyksa ?kksVkyksa ls ns'k dh turk dks u ywVAas exj Hkktik ds ^ns'kHkä* D;k dj jgs gS\a D;k bl ns'k dh turk dks ;kn ugha gS fd dkjfxy ds 'kghnksa ds rkcwr rd ds ?kksVkys esa blh Hkktik ds rFkkdfFkr ns'kHkä Q¡ls FksA lsuk ds fy, [kjhn esa nykyh vkSj fj'or ysrs gq, Hkktik v/;{k caxk: y{e.k idM+s x, FksA e/;çns'k esa O;kie ?kksVkyk vkSj mlls tqMh+ gR;k,¡ ns'k dh turk Hkwyh ugha gksxhA Hkktik usrk fnyhi flag twnos dSejs ij fj'or ysdj ;g cksyrs gq, idM+s x, Fks fd ^iSlk [kqnk ugha rks [kqnk ls de Hkh ugha*A D;k tc ns'k dh turk eg¡xkbZ dh ekj ls ijs'kku Fkh rHkh eksnh ljdkj us iwt ¡ hifr;ksa ds dtZ ekQh dh ?kks"k.kk,¡ ugha dh\ ,sls gSa ;s ^jk"Vªoknh* vkSj ;gh gS la?k vkSj Hkktik dh ^ns'kHkfä*A vkt ckr&ckr ij ns'kHkfä dk çek.k&i= ck¡Vus okys la?k&Hkktik fxjksg dh vlfy;r tkuus ds fy, gesa ,d ckj LorU=rk vkUnksyu esa budh djrwrksa ds bfrgkl ij utj Mky ysuh pkfg,A

LorU=rk vkUnksyu ls fo'okl?kkr 1925 esa fot;n'keh ds fnu viuh LFkkiuk ls ysdj 1947 rd la?k us vaxt sz ksa ds f[kykQ pw¡ rd ugha fd;kA tc vaxt sz ksa ds f[kykQ ns'k dh turk yM+ jgh Fkh rc la?kh yksxksa dks ykfB;k¡ Hkk¡tuk fl[kk jgs Fks vkSj og Hkh vaxt sz ksa ds f[kykQ ugha cfYd vius gh ns'kHkkb;ksa ds f[kykQA vkj,l,l ds laLFkkid ljla?kpkyd ds'ko cfyjke gsMxsokj] nwljs ljla?kpkyd ,e0,l0 xksyoydj vkSj fgUnqRo ds çpkjd fouk;d nkeksnj lkojdj us vktknh dh yM+kbZ ls yxkrkj vius dks nwj j[kkA ;gh ugha tc Hkxrflag vkSj muds lkFkh vaxt sz ljdkj ls ;g ek¡x dj jgs Fks fd mUgsa Qk¡lh ugha yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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cfYd xksyh ls mM+k fn;k tk;s rc lkojdj vaxt sz h gqdew r dks ekQhukes ij ekQhukes fy[k jgs FksA tc ns'k esa yk[kksa yksxksa dh psruk esa vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa 'kjhd gksus dk fopkj lcls çeq[k Fkk] ml le; vkj,l,l us u rks Lora=rk vkUnksyu esa Hkkxhnkjh dh vkSj u gh Hkkxhnkjh djus dh pkgr j[kus okyksa dks gh çksRlkfgr fd;kA la?k ds dk;ZdrkZ vkSj HkwriwoZ ç/kkuea=h vVyfcgkjh rks xksjh gqdew r dk fojks/k djus okyksa dh eq[kfcjh esa 'kkfey FksA lkspus okyh ckr gS fd vkt bUgsa yksxksa dks ns'kHkfä ds çek.k&i= ck¡Vus dk Bsdk fdlus ns fn;k\ vkj,l,l dh vktknh ds la?k"kZ ls fo'okl?kkr dks le>us ds fy, ge ,d ckj mlh ds usrkvksa ds ys[ku vkSj Hkk"k.kksa dks ns[ksAa vlg;ksx vkUnksyu ¼1920&21½ Hkkjr dh vktknh esa ,d cM+k vkUnksyu Fkk ftlus ,d ckj ns'k dh turk dh vktknh dh pkg dks eq[kj vfHkO;fä nh ysfdu ^xq:th* ds uke ls tkus tkus okys ljla?kpkyd xksyoydj bl la?k"kZ esa 'kkfey ukStokuksa ds i{k dh txg dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk dh fpark tkfgj djrs gS]a tSls dksbZ vaxt sz vf/kdkjh ;k 'kkld dh fpUrk gksA og dgrs gSa %& ^la?k"kZ ds cqjs ifj.kke gqvk gh djrs gSAa 1920&21 ds vkUnksyu ¼vlg;ksx vkUnksyu½ ds ckn yM+dksa usa mí.M gksuk vkjEHk fd;k] ;g usrkvksa ij dhpM+ mNkyus dk ç;kl ugha gSA ijUrq la?k"kZ ds ckn mRiUu gksus okys ;s vfuok;Z ifj.kke gSAa ckr bruh gh gS fd mu ifj.kkeksa dks dkcw esa j[kus ds fy, ge Bhd O;oLFkk ugha dj ik,A lu~ 1942 ds ckn rks dkuwu dk fopkj djus dh vko';drk gh ugha] ,slk çk;% yksx lkspus yxs*A ¼^Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*] [kaM&4]i`"B 41] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] 1981½ xksyoydj ds vuqlkj ^la?k"kZ ds ifj.kke cqj*s gh gksrs gSAa rks D;k Hkkjrh; turk vktknh ds fy, la?k"kZ ugha djrh\ vius Åij tqYe <kus okys dkuwuksa ds çfr Hkkjrh; ukStoku pqi cSBrs\ mudk lEeku djrs\ vaxt sz ksa ds dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk dh fpUrk djus okys xksyoydj de ls de ;gh jk; j[krs gSAa xksyoydj us la?k dh LorU=rk vkUnksyu ls vyx jgus dh uhfr ij eqLrSnh ls vey fd;kA 1942 ds Hkkjr NksMk+ s vkUnksyu ds le; Hkh mUgksuas ;gh #[k viuk;k %& ^1942 esa Hkh vusdksa ds eu esa rhoz vkUnksyu FkkA ml le; Hkh la?k] dk fuR; dk;Z pyrk jgkA çR;{k :i ls la?k us dqN u djus dk ladYi fd;kA ijarq la?k ds Lo;alos dksa ds eu esa mFky&iqFky py gh jgh FkhA la?k ;g vdeZ.; yksxksa dh laLFkk gS] budh ckrksa esa dqN vFkZ ugha] ,slk dsoy ckgj ds yksxksa us gh ugha] dbZ vius Lo;alos dksa us Hkh dgkA os cM+s #"V Hkh gq,A* ¼^Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*] [kaM&4] i`"B 40] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] 1981½ 1942 ds vkUnksyu ds le; xksyoydj la?k lapkyd FksA tc ns'k dh turk dk ns'kçse] vktknh ds la?k"kZ esa viuk lcdqN cfynku djus dh rhoz bPNk FkhA yksx xqykeh dh tathjksa dks rksMd + j vktkn gksus ds fy, yM+ jgs Fks rks la?k us D;k fd;k\ ^la?k us dqN u djus dk ladYi fd;k*A D;ksfa d vaxt sz Hkfä gh mudh ns'kHkfä FkhA 9 ekpZ 1960 dks bankSj] e/;çns'k esa vkj,l,l ds dk;ZdrkZvksa dh ,d cSBd dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, xksyoydj us dgk %& ÞfuR;deZ esa lnSo layXu jgus ds fopkj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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dh vko';drk dk vkSj Hkh ,d dkj.k gSA le;&le; ij ns'k esa mRiUu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k eu esa cgqr mFky&iqFky gksrh gh jgrh gSA lu~ 1942 esa ,slh mFky&iqFky gqbZ FkhA mlds igys lu~ 1930&31 esa Hkh vkUnksyu gqvk FkkA ml le; dbZ yksx MkWDVj th ¼gsMxsokj½ ds ikl x, FksA bl ^f'k"VeaMy* us MkDVj th ls vuqjks/k fd;k fd bl vkUnksyu ls LokraR;Z fey tk,xk vkSj la?k dks ihNs ugha jguk pkfg,A ml le; ,d lTtu us tc MkDVj th ls dgk fd os tsy tkus ds fy, rS;kj gS]a rks MkDVj th us dgk& Þt:j tkvksA ysfdu ihNs vkids ifjokj dks dkSu pyk,xk\** ml lTtu us crk;k& ^nks lky rd dsoy ifjokj pykus ds fy, gh ugha] vko';drk vuqlkj tqekZuk Hkjus dh Hkh i;kZIr O;oLFkk mUgksua s dj j[kh gSA* rks MkDVj th us dgk] ^vkius iwjh O;oLFkk dj j[kh gS rks vc nks lky ds fy, la?k dk gh dk;Z djus ds fy, fudyksA* ?kj tkus ds ckn og lTtu u tsy x, u la?k dk dk;Z djus ds fy, ckgj fudysA** ¼Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*] [kaM&4] i`"B 39&40] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] 1981½ njvly vkj,l,l ds laLFkkid gsMxsokj] xksyoydj ;k ^fgUnqRo* ds çpkjd bl fxjksg dk dksbZ Hkh usrk gks mlus vaxt sz ksa ds f[kykQ vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa ,d vksj rks [kqn Hkkx ugha fy;k ogha nwljh vksj mUgksua s vke Hkkjrh; dks Hkh tks buds lEidZ esa Fkk viuh rjQ ls iwjh dksf'k'k dh fd og vaxt sz ksa ds f[kykQ LorU=rk vkUnksyu esa 'kjhd u gh gksA gsMxsokj us ,d ckj la?k dh rjQ ls ugha ijarq O;fäxr :i ls ued lR;kxzg esa Hkkx fy;k] ysfdu blds ckn mUgksua s vktknh ds fy, py jgs fdlh la?k"kZ esa Hkkx ugha fy;kA xksyoydj vaxt sz 'kkldksa dks fotsrk ekurs Fks vkSj mudh –f"V esa fotsrkvksa dk fojks/k u djds muds lkFk viukiu j[kuk pkfg,A Þ,d ckj ,d çfrf"Br o`) lTtu viuh 'kk[kk esa vk,A og la?k ds Lo;alos dksa ds fy, ,d uwru lUns'k yk, FksA mudks 'kk[kk ds Lo;a lsodksa ds lEeq[k cksyus dk volj fn;k x;k rks vR;Ur vkstLoh Loj esa os cksy& s ^vc rks dsoy ,d dke djksA vaxt sz ksa dks idM+ks vkSj ekj&ekj dj fudky ckgj djksA blds i'pkr fQj ns[kk tk,xkA* bruk gh dgdj cSB x,A bl fopkj/kkjk ds ihNs gS& jkT;lÙkk ds çfr }s"k rFkk {kksHk dh Hkkouk ,oa }s"kewyd çfrfØ;kRed ço`fÙkA vkt dh jktuSfrd HkkofoiUurk dk ;gh nqx.Zq k gS fd mldk vk/kkj gS çfrfØ;k] }s"k rFkk {kksHk] vkSj viukiu NksMd + j fotsrkvksa dk fojks/kAß ¼^Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*] [kaM&4] i`"B 109&110] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] 1981½ xksyoydj dh utj es]a tks fd vkj,l,l ds ^nk'kZfud& xq:* dh rjg ekus tkrs gS]a fczfV'k gqdew r ds çfr Hkkjrh; turk ds eu esa }s"k j[kuk Bhd ugha gS!! ;s lTtu u gh mudk fojks/k djus dks dgrs gS]a rks D;k vius Åij tksj&tqYe djus okyh vaxt sz h lÙkk ls Hkkjr dh turk I;kj djrh] mUgsa xys yxkrh\ vktknh ds la?k"kZ ds nkSjku tc vkj,l,l us yxkrkj yksxksa dks vktknh dh yM+kbZ ls nwj j[kus vkSj [kqn la?k"kZ esa Hkkx ugha ysus dk QSlyk fy;k mlh le; 'kghn yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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Hkxrflag vkSj muds lkFkh ns'k ds ukStokuksa ls vktknh ds fy, vy[k txkus vkSj ØkfUr dk lan's k ns'k ds gj dksus rd igqp ¡ kus dh vihy dj jgs FksA fgUnqRo ds çpkjd vkSj vkj,l,l ds djhch la?k&Hkktik fxjksg ds iwT; lkojdj vaxt s ksa dks ekQhukes ij ekQhukes fy[k jgs FksA Hkxrflag vkSj cVqd's oj nÙk us tsy ls ns'k ds ukStokuksa ds uke ;g lan's k Hkstk tks 19 vDVwcj 1929 dks iatkc Nk= la?k ds nwljs vf/kos'ku esa i<+dj lquk;k x;k ftldh v/;{krk usrkth lqHkk"k pUæ cksl dj jgs FksA mUgksua s ukStokuksa ls vihy dh %& ÞukStokuksa dks ØkfUr dk ;g lan's k ns'k ds dksu& s dksus esa igqp ¡ kuk gS] QSDVªh dkj[kkuksa ds {ks=ksa es]a xUnh cfLr;ksa vkSj xk¡oksa dh ttZj >ksifM+;ksa esa jgus okys djksMk+ as yksxksa esa bl ØkfUr dh vy[k txkuh gS ftlls vktknh vk,xh vkSj rc ,d euq"; }kjk nwljs euq"; dk 'kks"k.k vlEHko gks tk,xkAß ¼^Hkxrflag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds miyC/k lEiw.kZ nLrkost*] la& lR;e] i`"B& 359½ vkt ;gh la?k&Hkktik fxjksg ,d vksj yksxksa dks ns'kçse dk çek.k&i= ns jgk gS ogha nwljh vksj ns'k ds lPps 'kghnksa ds fopkjksa dks turk ls nwj j[kus dh dksf'k'k dj jgk gS vkSj [kqn dks lcls cM+k ^jk"Vªoknh* crk jgk gSA ns'k dh vke turk bruh ew<+ ugha gSA ns'k ds ukStoku la?k }kjk cksys tkus okys bl >wB ij dHkh Hkh ;dhu ugha djsxa As

vktknh ds 'kghnksa dk vieku vkt ns'kHkj esa xky ctkrs gq, Vh-oh- pSuyksa ij mUeknh ckr djuk] lHkkvksa esa HkM+dkÅ Hkk"k.k nsuk vkj,l,l vkSj Hkktik dk lcls fç; dke gks x;k gSA ns'k dh vke turk dh f'k{kk] fpfdRlk] vkokl vkSj eg¡xkbZ tSls eqíksa dks NksM]+ u tkus ;s fdl fodkl dk rksrk jVUr yxkrs jgrs gSAa vkt ;s 'kghn Hkxr flag dk 'kghnh fnol vkSj tUefnu rks eukrs gSa rkfd turk dh vk¡[kksa esa /kwy >ksd a ldsAa ysfdu D;k dHkh lpeqp bUgksua s 'kghnksa dk lEeku fd;k gS\ D;k tc reke ØkfUrdkjh tsyksa dh dksBfj;ksa esa dksMs+ [kk jgs Fks] ns'k dh vktknh ds fy, Qk¡lh dk QUnk pwe jgs Fks] rks la?kh ckr cgknqjksa us ,d ckj Hkh mudk lEeku fd;k] ,d ckj Hkh mudk lkFk fn;k\ bldk Li"V mÙkj gS] ugha! la?k dk iwjk laxBu vkSj lksp >wB vkSj dqRlkçpkj dk iqfyUnk gSA Hkxr flag] jktxq:] v'kQkd mYyk] jkeçlkn ^fcfLey* dh tks 'kgknr vkt Hkh ns'k ds gj ,d balku ds fy, ns'kHkfä dk ,d vkn'kZ gS] nsf[k;s xksyoydj mlds ckjs esa D;k dgrs gS& a ^gekjh Hkkjrh; laL—fr dks NksMd + j vU; lc laL—fr;ksa us ,sls cfynku dh mikluk dh gS rFkk mls vkn'kZ ekuk gS vkSj ,sls lc cfynkfu;ksa dks jk"Vªuk;d ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;k gS ijUrq geus Hkkjrh; ijEijk esa bl çdkj ds cfynku dks loksPZ p vkn'kZ ugha ekuk gSA* ¼xksyoydj] ^fopkj uouhr*] i`"B& 280&281½ ftu 'kghnksa ds cfynku dks vius fny esa ns'k dk gj cPpk j[krk gks mls derj crkdj xksyoydj fdl Hkkjrh; laL—fr dh ckr dj jgs gSAa njvly vkj,l,l vkSj mlds usrkvksa dh laL—fr gS dêjrk vkSj uQjr QSykuk] yksxksa dks yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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fgUnw&eqfLye ds uke ij ck¡Vuk] ugha rks tks ØkfUrdkjh turk ds fnyksa dks vU;k; ls yM+us ds fy, çsfjr djrs gksa muds ckjs esa ,slk lkspuk D;k fn[kkrk gSA xksyoydj us tgk¡ vaxt sz 'kkldksa dks ^fotsrk* dgdj lEeku ls ns[kus dh ckr dh ogha mUgksua s ØkfUrdkjh 'kghnksa dks vlQy O;fä;ksa ds :i esa ns[kk vkSj muds cfynkuksa dks egku ugha dgkA 'kgknr dh iwjh ijEijk dh fuUnk djrs gq, os dgrs gSa %& ^fu%langs ,sls O;fä tks vius vkidks cfynku dj nsrs gS]a Js"B O;fä gSa vkSj mudk thou n'kZu çeq[kr% ikS#"kiw.kZ gSA os loZlk/kkj.k O;fä;ksa ls] tks pqipki HkkX; ds vkxs leiZ.k dj nsrs gSa vkSj Hk;Hkhr vkSj vdeZ.; cus jgrs gS]a cgqr Å¡ps gSAa fQj Hkh geus ,sls O;fä;ksa dks lekt ds lkeus vkn'kZ ds :i esa ugha j[kk gSA geus cfynku dks egkurk dk loksPZ p fcUnq] ftldh euq"; vkdka{kk djs] ugha ekuk gSA D;ksfa d os vUrr% viuk mís'; çkIr djus esa vlQy gq, vkSj vlQyrk dk vFkZ gS fd muesa dksbZ xEHkhj =qfV FkhA*¼,e,l- xksyoydj] fopkj uouhr] t;iqj] 1988] i`"B& 281½ xksyoydj ds fy, egku vkn'kZ gSa lkojdj tSls yksx] tks vaxt sz ksa ds f[kykQ ekQhukek fy[krs gSa vkSj turk esa fgUnw lkEçnkf;drk dk tgj ?kksyrs gSAa tc vaxt sz h gqdew r ds f[kykQ yksx yM+ jgs Fks rks ljdkj yksxksa dks idM+dj tsy esa Mky nsrh FkhA xksfy;ksa ls Hkwu nsrh Fkh] Qk¡lh ij p<+k nsrh FkhA ml le; vaxt sz h lÙkk ds f[kykQ yM+uk lkgl vkSj tksf[ke dk dke fu%lUnsg FkkA ftuds fnyksa esa ns'k ds fy, I;kj Fkk mUgksua s thou dk tksf[ke mBk;kA ysfdu bu lc ds çfr vkj,l,l frjLdkj Hkko j[krk gSA tsy tkuk mlds fy, Bhd ugha Fkk vkSj ml le; og yksxksa dks yEck thou thus dk mins'k ns jgk FkkA gsMxsokj dh thouh ds vuqlkj %& ^ns'kHkfä dk eryc dsoy tsy tkuk ugha gSA bl rjg dh fn[kkoVh ns'kHkfä esa cg tkuk lgh ugha gSA os ¼gsMxsokj½ vDlj ;g vihy fd;k djrs Fks fd oä vkus ij ns'k ds fy, ejus ds fy, ges'kk rS;kj jgus ds lkFk lkFk ns'k dh vktknh ds fy, laxBu cukrs gq, ftUnk jgus dh bPNk Hkh cgqr t:jh gS* ¼lh-ih- fHktdj] ^la?k o`{k dk cht %& M‚ds'ko jko gsMxsokj*] i`"B&21] lq#fp] fnYyh] 1994½ vkSj gsMxsokj rFkk xksyoydj dk eryc ftl laxBu ls Fkk og Fkk la?k ftlus vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa Hkkxhnkjh ls nwj jgrs gq, ftUnk jgus vkSj ekQhukes fy[kus esa viuh Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA

ekQhukes vkSj eq[kfcjh dk bfrgkl vktknh ds iwjs vkUnksyu esa la?k ds yksxksa dk bfrgkl vaxt sz ksa dks ekQhukesa nsus vkSj ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dh eq[kfcjh djus dk jgk gSA tc vktknh ds le; reke yksx viuh tku dh ckth yxkdj yM+ jgs Fks rc vaxt sz ksa ds ekj ls ?kcjk;s lkojdj ¼ftldks la?k ohj lkojdj dgrk gS!!\½ v.Meku dh tsy ls ekQhukes ij ekQhukes fy[k jgs FksA tsy esa jgrs gq, lkojdj us ,d ugha pkj&pkj ekQhukes fy[ksA v.Meku tsy esa vkus ds ckn 30 vxLr 1911 dks lkojdj us viuh igyh n;k ;kfpdk fy[kh ftls [kkfjt dj fn;k x;kA lkojdj us viuk nwljk ekQhukek 14 uoacj 1913 dks fy[kkA xouZj tujy dkmafly ds x`g lnL; dks fy[ks vius ekQhukes esa Hkkjr dh vktknh yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ds vkUnksyu ds lEeku dh rfud Hkh ijokg u djrs gq, vius O;fäxr thou ds fy, os fczfV'k gqdew r ds fy, dqN Hkh djus dks rS;kj FksA mUgksua s dgk fd %& ^;|fi tsy esa esjk O;ogkj gj le; vlk/kkj.k :i ls vPNk Fkk blds ckotwn Ng eghus ds ckn Hkh eq>s tsy ls ckgj ugha Hkstk x;k tcfd vU; vijkf/k;ksa dks Hkstk x;kA tsy esa vkus ds fnu ls vkt rd eSua s vius O;ogkj dks ftruk lEHko gks vPNk cukus dk ç;kl fd;kA eSa ljdkj dh fdlh Hkh rjg dh {kerk ¼fczfV'k ljdkj½ esa lsok djus ds fy, rS;kj gw¡ tSlk Hkh og pkgsA esjs O;ogkj esa bZekunkjh iw.kZ ifjorZu gqvk gS vkSj eq>s vk'kk gS dh Hkfo"; esa ,slk gh gksxkA eq>s vk'kk gS fd lEekuuh; egksn; bu ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[ksx a *s A blds ckn lkojdj us 1917 esa ,d vkSj ekQhukek Hkstk FkkA 30 ekpZ 1920 dks lkojdj us pkSFkk ekQhukek Hkstk Fkk ftlesa mlus dgk fd %& ^^u rks eq>s vkSj u gh esjs ifjokj ds fdlh lnL; dks ljdkj ls dksbZ f'kdk;r gSA lkFk gh esjs ifjokj ds fdlh lnL; ij 1909 ls vc rd dksbZ vfHk;ksx gh pyk gSA** lkFk gh lkojdj us viuh xfrfof/k;ksa dks ftuds dkj.k mUgsa tsy Hkstk x;k Fkk vrhr dh ckr dgk vkSj iwjh rjg ls fczfV'k ljdkj ds dkuwu vkSj lafo/kku ds çfr vkLFkk O;ä dhA mUgksua s dgk fd ^esjk –<+rk ls lafo/kku ds lkFk gh cus jgus dk bjknk gS ftldh ekaVXs ;q }kjk tYnh gh 'kq:vkr dh xbZ gSA* lkojdj us ;gk¡ rd dgk fd ^^vxj ljdkj gekjh rjQ ls dksbZ ok;nk pkgrh gS rks eSa vkSj esjk HkkbZ ljdkj }kjk r; fd, x, fdlh Hkh fuf'pr vkSj mfpr le; rd fdlh Hkh jktuhfrd xfrfof/k esa Hkkx u ysus ds fy, çlUurk ls viuh bPNk O;ä djrs gSAa * ;g gSa la?k&Hkktik ds ohj lkojdj ftUgksua s viuh ftanxh dks cpkus ds fy, fdlh Hkh rjg ds fczfV'k lÙkk fojks/k esa Hkkx ysus ls euk dj fn;k FkkA vVy fogkjh cktis;h us tks la?k ds dk;ZdrkZ vkSj Hkkjr ds ç/kkuea=h Fks ,d ckj dgk Fkk fd mUgksua s lu~ 1942 ds Hkkjr NksMk+ s vkUnksyu esa Hkkx fy;k FkkA ysfdu fdl rjg ls Hkkx fy;k Fkk] ml vkUnksyu esa mudh Hkwfedk D;k Fkh\ bl ij og dqN ugha cksyAs njvly 1942 ds Hkkjr NksMk+ s vkUnksyu esa mudh Hkwfedk ,d eq[kfcj dh FkhA njvly vxLr 1942 esa Hkqtfj;k ds esys esa ¼m0iz0½ ,d cM+h la[;k esa yksx mifLFkr gq, Fks vkSj ogk¡ dqN ukStokuksa }kjk iqjkus uk;dksa ds xhr xk;s x, vkSj cVs'oj ou foHkkx ds dk;kZy; dks fczfV'k lÙkk ls eqä djkus dk vkºoku fd;k x;k FkkA ;gk¡ ls ekpZ djrs gq, HkhM+ us cVs'oj tkdj dk;kZy; ij geyk dj fn;k vkSj frjaxk Qgjk fn;kA bl tqyl w esa vVy fcgkjh oktis;h vkSj muds HkkbZ çse fcgkjh Hkh 'kkfey FksA cVs'oj dh ?kVuk ds ckn dbZ vU; yksxksa ds lkFk vVy fcgkjh dks fxj¶rkj fd;k x;k dksVZ esa vVy fogkjh cktis;h us ?kVuk esa 'kkfey dbZ yksxksa ds uke crk, Fks tks fd og fNik ldrs FksA mUgksua s viuh xokgh esa dgk fd& Þ27 vxLr 1942 dks cVqd's oj cktkj esa yxHkx 2 cts fnu esa iqjkus uk;dksa ds xhr xk;s x,A ddqvk mQZ yhyk /kj ¼Kakua alias Liladhar½ vkSj egqvu ¼Mahuan½ }kjk xhr xk;k x;k vkSj Hkk"k.k fn;k x;k vkSj bUgksua s yksxksa dks ou dkuwu ¼forest laws½ rksMu+ s ds fy, mdlk;kAß yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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vVy fcgkjh }kjk ;g vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa mu nks yksxksa ds f[kykQ fn;k x;k c;ku Fkk tks yksxksa dks vaxt sz ksa ds f[kykQ yM+us ds fy, dg jgs FksA Li"V gS fd vkj,l,l ftl ns'kHkfä dk ne Hkjrh gS bfrgkl ds rF; bl lcds foijhr mls vktknh dh yM+kbZ dk xíkj ?kksf"kr djrs gSAa

2& vkj,l,l ds ^^ns'kçse** dk lp ftl ckr dks ,d vke Hkkjrh; le>rk gS mlls la?k budkj djrk gSA vkt ,d vke vkneh ls vki iwfN, fd bl ns'k esa fgUnw& eqfLye] eafnj&efLtn] ds uke ij ck¡Vuk D;k Bhd gS\ rks mldk mÙkj gksxk fd yksxksa dk vkilh HkkbZpkjs ls jguk gh bu >xM+kas dk fodYi gS] dqN yksx viuk mYyw lh/kk djus ds fy, ;s naxs HkM+dkrs gS]a turk dks ck¡Vrs gSAa tc vktknh ds le; ls ysdj vkt rd ^fgUnw eqfLye flD[k bZlkbZ lc vkil esa HkkbZ&HkkbZ* dh ckr lcdks t¡prh gSA tc ØkfUrdkjh 'kghnksa us vktknh ds le; yksxksa dks lkEçnkf;drk ds [krjs ls vkxkg djrs gq, yksxksa dks feydj vktknh dh yM+kbZ ds fy, la?k"kZ djus dh vihy dh rks ml le; la?k viuh dêj fgUnw lkEçnkf;d uhfr dk çpkj dj jgk Fkk] vkSj vkt Hkh dj jgk gSA la?k ds fy, ns'k dk eryc dêj fgUnw lkEçnkf;d yksxksa dk ns'k gS vkSj blds nk;js esa vU; /keksZa dks ekuus okys rks nwj Lo;a O;kid vke fgUnw vkcknh Hkh ugha gSA vkfnoklh vkSj nfyr vkcknh] efgyk,¡ Hkh la?k ds dêj fgUnw jk"Vª dh uhfr esa dgha ugha gSAa D;ksfa d la?k ds fy, tks ^euqLe`fr* lcls csgrj lafo/kku gS mlesa nfyrksa vkSj efgykvksa dh fLFkfr xqyke dh fLFkfr ls vf/kd dqN ugha gSA Hkkjr esa jk"Vª dh vo/kkj.kk vkSifuosf'kd xqykeh ls vktknh ds fy, mlds la?k"kZ djus ds nkSjku fodflr gqbZ gSA lkekU; vkneh Hkh tkurk gS fd igys Hkkjr esa jkts jtokM+s vkSj vyx&vyx fj;klrsa Fkha&çkphu Hkkjr esa Hkh tSu] ckS) vkSj fgUnw /keZ dks ekuus okys yksx FksA fgUnw /keZ esa Hkh vusd lEçnk; Fks vkSj gSa tks vyx&vyx ewY;ksa dks ekurs Fks vkSj vkt Hkh ekurs gSAa dksbZ ,d ekudh—r laL—fr ds ctk; fofHkUu laL—fr;k¡ çkphu dky ls vc rd cuh vkSj pyh vk jgh gSAa ysfdu la?k viuh >wBh vkSj x<+h gqbZ jk"Vª dh ifjHkk"kk esa uaxh vk¡[kksa ls fn[kus okyh lekt dh HkkSfrd lPpkbZ dks udkjrs gq, ,d ^fgUnw jk"Vª* dh ckr djrk gS tks ,sfrgkfld lPpkb;ksa ls u flQZ nwj gS cfYd iwjs eqYd dks ck¡Vus] VqdM+& s VqdM+s djus vkSj naxksa dh vkx esa >ksd a dj vkt iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dh lsok ij vkeknk gSA vkj,l,l dk dkSu lk jk"Vª\ Hkkjr ds ckjs esa xksyoydj 'kghnksa ds fopkjksa ds foijhr tkrs gq, ,d vyx gh jkx vykirs gSAa ogha lkEçnkf;d lksp] vyxko iSnk djus dh lksp mudh jk"Vª dh ifjHkk"kk esa Hkh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA os dgrs gSa Þbl çdkj viuh orZeku fLFkfr;ksa esa jk"Vª dh vk/kqfud le> ykxw djrs gq, tks vç'us; fu"d"kZ gekjs lkeus vkrk gS og ;g gS fd bl ns'k] fgUnqLFkku esa fgUnw uLy vius fgUnw /keZ] fgUnw laL—fr vkSj fgUnw Hkk"kk ¼laL—fr dk LokHkkfod ifjokj vkSj mldh O;qRifÙk;k¡½ ls jk"Vªh; vo/kkj.kk dks ifjiw.kZ yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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djrh gSAa ß ¼xksyoydj] ^oh vkj voj us'kugqM fMQkbZUM* Hkkjr ifCyds'ku ukxiqj] 1939 ds fgUnh vuqokn ^ge ;k gekjh jk"Vªh;rk dh ifjHkk"kk* i`"B&148½ blh rjg fgUnw egklHkk ds 19osa vf/kos'ku ¼lu~ 1937] vgenkckn½ esa lkojdj us vius Hkk"k.k esa dgk& ÞfQygky fgUnqLrku esa nks çfr}a}h jk"Vª ikl&ikl jg jgs gSAa fgUnqLrku esa eq[; rkSj ij nks jk"Vª gS& a fgUnw vkSj eqlyekuß ¼lexz lkojdj okaXe;] iwuk] 1963] i`"B& 296½ Hkkjr foHkktu ds fy, xk¡/kh vkSj eqfLye yhx dks xkyh nsus okyk vkj,l,l Lo;a eqfLye yhx dh rjg dSls /keZ ds vk/kkj ij Hkkjr dks ck¡Vus dk i{k/kj Fkk blls lkQ çdV gksrk gSA la?k tc iwjs ns'k esa /keZ ds uke ij ck¡Vus dh viuh ?k`f.kr jktuhfr dj jgk Fkk rks 'kghn Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa us ns'k dh vktknh ds fy, turk dks ,dtqV gksus vkSj lkEçnkf;d >xM+kas ls fuiVus dk ;g jkLrk lq>k;kA lkEçnkf;d naxksa ij lu~ 1938 esa ^fdjrh* esa mudk ys[k NikA mUgksua s fy[kk& Þyksxksa dks ijLij yM+us ls jksdus ds fy, oxZ psruk dh t:jr gSA xjhc] esgurd'k o fdlkuksa dks Li"V le>k nsuk pkfg, fd rqEgkjs vlyh nq'eu iwt ¡ hifr gS]a blfy, rqEgsa buds gFkdaMksa ls cpdj jguk pkfg, vkSj buds gRFks p<+ dqN u djuk pkfg,A lalkj ds lHkh xjhcksa ds] pkgs os fdlh Hkh tkfr] jax] /keZ ;k jk"Vª ds gks]a vf/kdkj ,d gh gSAa rqEgkjh HkykbZ blh esa gS fd /keZ] jax] uLy vkSj jk"Vªh;rk o ns'k ds HksnHkko feVkdj ,dtqV gks tkvks vkSj ljdkj dh rkdr vius gkFk esa ysus dk ;Ru djksAß 'kghn Hkxr flag tgk¡ /keZ] tkfr vkSj jax ds >xM+s feVkdj nqfu;kHkj ds esgurd'k yksxksa dks ,d gksus dh vihy dj jgs gSa ogha vkj,l,l o fgUnw egklHkk yksxksa dks /keZ ds uke ij ck¡V jgsa gSAa vkt mlh uhfr ij pyrs gq, Hkktik ds ç/kkuea=h eksnh nqfu;kHkj ds iwt ¡ hifr;ksa vkSj ns'kh iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dh lsok esa yxs gSa rks la?k yksxksa dks ck¡Vus dh vkSj naxs djkus dh uhfr ij eqLrSn gks x;k gSA gesa r; djuk gh gksxk fd gesa Hkxrflag dh ckrksa dks ekuuk gS ;k la?k dhA

Lons'kh vkj,l,l dh fons'kh tM+as jk"Vªh; Lo;a lsod la?k >wB ds çpkj esa fgVyj ds çpkjea=h xks;cYl dh rjg gh ;g pkgrk gS fd ,d >wB dks lkS ckj cksyks vkSj yksx mls lp eku ysxa As yksxksa dk thou eg¡xkbZ ls eqf'dy gS rks yksxksa ds dkuksa esa fodkl dk Hkksia w ctkvksA yksxksa dks vxj jkstxkj u ns ikvks rks yksxksa dks ^fLdy bf.M;k* ds jkx lqukvksA fons'k ls iwt ¡ h ykvks] iwt ¡ hifr;ksa ds fy, etnwj dkuwuksa dh /kfTt;k¡ mM+kvks rks yksxksa dks ^Lons'kh* dh /kqu lqukvksA naxs djokvks] fgUnw eqfLye dks ck¡Vks rks yksxksa ds lkeus 'kkafr ds iFk dk ukVd djksA nfyrksa ij vR;kpkj djks vkSj vkilh HkkbZpkjs o lejlrk dh ckr djksA efgykvksa ij vR;kpkj djks vkSj ^csVh cpkvks&csVh i<+kvks* dk tki djksA ÞLons'kß ¼bls dêj fgUnw ns'k i<+½as vkSj Þjk"Vªçes ß dh tqxkyh djus okys la?k dh iSnkb'k ds le; ls gh blds vkn'kZ eqlksfyuh vkSj fgVyj jgs gSa tks ekuork ds yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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'k=q vkSj f}rh; fo'o;q) esa yk[kksa yksxksa ds dRysvke ds ftEesnkj FksA ch-,l- eqt a s vkj,l,l ls –<+ lEcU/k j[kus okyk vkSj gsMxsokj dk ijke'kZnkrk FkkA vkj,l,l dks etcwr djus vkSj ns'kHkj esa QSykus esa mldh Hkwfedk jghA 1931 esa xksyest lEeysu ls ykSVus ds ckn mlus ;wjksi Hkze.k fd;k vkSj bVyh dh ;k=k dhA ogk¡ mlus dqN egRoiw.kZ lSfud Ldwyksa vkSj 'kSf{kd laLFkkuksa dks Hkh ns[kk&Qklhoknh laxBuksa ls og çHkkfor gqvkA mlus fy[kk& Þiwjs laxBu dh vo/kkj.kk vkSj cfyyk laLFkkvksa us eq>s vkdf"kZr fd;kA bVyh ds lSfud iqu#RFkku ds fy, ;g lewpk fopkj eqlksfyuh dh nsu gSA Qklhokn dk fopkj Li"Vr% turk ds chp ,drk dh vo/kkj.kk ykrk gSA Hkkjr dks vkSj fo'ks"kdj fgUnw Hkkjr dks fgUnqvksa ds lSfud iqu#RFkku ds fy, ,sls gh fdlh laxBu dh t:jr gSA M‚- gsMxsokj ds rgr ukxiqj dh gekjh jk"Vªh; Lo;alos d la?k laLFkk blh çdkj dh gS] gkyk¡fd mldh dYiuk LorU= :i ls dh xbZ gSA eSa viuk 'ks"k thou M‚- gsMxsokj dh bl laLFkk ds fodkl vkSj bls iwjs egkjk"Vª vkSj vU; jkT;ksa esa QSykus esa yxkÅ¡xkAß ¼ekfj;k dklksykjh& fgUnw jk"Vªokn dh fons'kh tM+as &usg: eseksfj;y E;wft;e ,aM ykbczjs h ¼,e0,e0,e0,y0½] eqt a s isilZ] ekbØksfQYe ,e1½

vkxs eqt a s us eqlksfyuh ds ckjs esa fy[kk ÞM‚- eqt a ]s egkefge] eSa cgqr çHkkfor gwA¡ ß ¼usg: eseksfj;y E;wft;e ,aM ykbczjs h ¼,e0,e0,e0,y0½] eqt a s isilZ] ekbØksfQYe ,e1½ Hkkjr okil vkus ij eqt a s usa ^n ejkBk* dks lk{kkRdkj esa dgk& ÞokLro es]a usrkvksa dks teZuh ds ;qod vkUnksyu vkSj bVyh ds cfyyk vkSj Qklhoknh laxBuksa dk vuqlj.k djuk pkfg,& eSa lksprk gw¡ fd fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks vuqdy w cukdj Hkkjr esa ykxw fd, tkus ds fy, os cgqr mi;qä gSAa ß ¼^n ejkBk*] 12vçSy] 1931½ iwjh nqfu;k tkurh gS fd teZuh ds fgVyj vkSj bVyh ds eqlksfyuh us fdl rjg ls bUgha laxBukas dk bLrseky dj vius ns'kksa esa dRysvke djok;k FkkA Hkkjr esa 1933 esa [kqfQ;k foHkkx us ,d fjiksVZ çdkf'kr dh ftlesa dgk x;k fd Þbl ckr ij tksj nsuk 'kk;n dksbZ vfr'k;ksfä ugha gS fd Hkfo"; esa Hkkjr esa la?k ogh gksuk pkgrk gS tks bVyh esa ^Qklhokn* vkSj teZuh esa ^ukthokn* gSAß ¼,u-,-vkbZ-] gkse iksy fMikVZeVas ] 88@33]1933½ lkojdj 1937 esa viuh fjgkbZ ds ckn fgUnw egklHkk ds v/;{k cusA 1 vxLr 1938 dks iq.ks esa ,d lHkk dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, mUgksua s dgk& ÞHkkjrh; fons'kuhfr ^oknks*a ij vk/kkfjr ugha gksuh pkfg,A ukthokn dk lgkjk ysus dk teZuh dks iwjk vf/kdkj gS vkSj bVyh dks Qklhoknh dk;Z vkSj ?kVukvksa us bldk vkSfpR; fl) dj fn;k gS fd ;s okn vkSj ljdkjksa ds ,d :i] ogk¡ mRiUu gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds rgr vfuok;Z Fks vkSj Qk;nsena HkhAß¼usg: eseksfj;y E;wft;e ,aM ykbczjs h ¼,e0,e0,e0,y0½] lkojdj isilZ] ekbØksfQYe] vkj ,u 23] ikVZ 2½ 24 vDVwcj 1938 dks lkojdj us ,d Hkk"k.k esa dgk& Þ,d jk"Vª mlds cgql[a ;d fuokfl;ksa }kjk cuk;k tkrk gSA teZuh esa ;gwfn;ksa us D;k fd;k\ vYila[;d gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa teZuh ls fudky fn;k x;kß ¼,e-,l-,- gkse Lis'ky fMikVZeVas ] 60 yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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Mh] ¼th½ ikVZ 3] 1938] Vªkl a ys'ku vkQ n ojcsfVe Lihp esM ckbZ oh Mh lkojdj ,V ekysxk¡o v‚u vDVwcj 14] 1938½ la?k ds ns'k esa dsoy ogh jg ldrk gS tks dêj la?k&Hkktik dh fgUnw fopkj/kkjk esa gk¡ esa gk¡ feyk;s vU;Fkk la?k ds fopkjd ;g Li"V jk; j[krs gSa fd vYila[;d pkgs og eqfLye gks ;k tSu] ckS) ;k flD[k dksbZ gks mlds lkFk oSlk gh crkZo fd;k tkuk pkfg, tSlk teZuh esa ;gwfn;ksa ds lkFk fgVyj us fd;k& la?k dk ;g eqlksfyuh vkSj fgVyj çse tx tkfgj gSA Hkkjr dk gj ,d lpsr ukxfjd D;k Hkkjr dks fgVyj ds le; dk teZuh cukus nsxk\ xksyoydj tks la?k ds nk'kZfud¼\½ dh inoh ls tkus] uokts tkrs gSa vkSj xq:th ds uke ls çfl) gS]a us Hkh eqt a s vkSj lkojdj dh rjg gh bVyh vkSj teZuh dks gh vkn'kZ ekuk] Hkkjr esa mudh ÞuLyh;ß ¼\½ psruk ds vkn'kZ eqlksfyuh vkSj fgVyj gh gSAa ÞbVyh dks nsf[k;sA brus yacs le; ls lksbZ gqbZ çkphu jkseu tkfr dh Hkwe/;lkxj ds vkl ikl ds lkjs Hkw&Hkkx dks thrus okyh psruk vc tkx xbZ gS vkSj mlus mlh ds vuqlkj viuh uLyh;&jk"Vªh; vkdka{kkvksa dks <ky fy;k gSA og çkphu uLyh; psruk ftlus teZuh ds dchyksa dks iwjs ;wjksi dks thr ysus dks mdlk;k Fkk] vk/kqfud teZuh esa vc fQj ls tkx xbZ gS] ftldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk gS fd jk"Vª vius yqVjs s iwot Z ksa ls fojklr esa feyh ijEijkvksa ls çHkkfor vkdka{kkvksa dk vuqlj.k djus ds fy, ck/; gSAß ¼xksyoydj] ^oh vkj voj us'kugqM fMQkbZUM* Hkkjr ifCyds'ku ukxiqj] 1939 ds fgUnh vuqokn ^ge ;k gekjh jk"Vªh;rk dh ifjHkk"kk* i`"B &140½ fgVyj us ;gwfn;ksa dk dRysvke djok;k Fkk tks ekuork ds bfrgkl esa lcls ?k`f.kr dgk tkrk gS ysfdu xksyoydj mlh fgVyj ds in fpàksa ij pyus dh ckr djrs gSAa og dgrs gS& a ÞteZu uLy dk xoZ vkt ppkZ dk fo"k; cu x;k gSA uLy rFkk mldh laL—fr dh 'kq)rk cuk, j[kus ds fy,] ns'k ds lkeh uLyks& a ;gwfn;ks& a ls LoPN djds teZuh us iwjh nqfu;k dks LrC/k dj fn;k gSA ;gk¡ uLy dk xkSjo vius loksPZ p :i esa vfHkO;ä gqvk gSA ;g fganLq rku esa gekjs fy, ,d vPNk lcd gS fd lh[ksa vkSj ykHkkfUor gksAa ß ¼ogh i`"B&142½ ^Lons'k*] çkphu laL—fr dk jkx vykirs gq, la?k viuh fopkj ÅtkZ eqlksfyuh vkSj fgVyj ls ysrk gS blds okLrfod xq: ogh gSAa ;g egt Hkkjrh;rk dh nqgkbZ nsrk gS bls bl ns'k dh laL—fr vkSj lH;rk ds ckjs esa dqN Hkh irk ugha gS vkSj u gh bls orZeku esa yqV jgh Hkkjrh; turk ds thou ls dksbZ ljksdkj gSA Hkktik tc ls 'kklu esa vkbZ gS eg¡xkbZ vkSj c<+ x;h gSA ns'k dh vkcknh dk 33 çfr'kr fgLlk vc rd ds Hk;adj lw[ks ls tw> jgk gSA yksx xans ikuh dks Hkh ih jgs gSa vkSj viuk ?kj&ckj NksMd + j nwljh txgksa ij tkus dks etcwj gSAa ns'k ds vUnj ty ladV dh otg ls foLFkkiu vHkwriwoZ Lrj ij gS ijUrq la?k& Hkktik yksxksa dks >wBs fodkl ds xhr lquk jgh gS vkSj ç/kkuea=h ujsUæ eksnh nqfu;kHkj ds iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dks U;ksrk ns jgs gSa fd vkvks vkSj ns'k ds turk dh gfì;ksa dks fupksMd + j viuh frtksfj;k¡ HkjksA yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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3& vkj,l,l dk Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds ckjs esa utfj;k jk"Vªh; Lo;a lsod la?k ¼vkj,l,l½ vkSj Hkktik ds usrk vkt turk ds chp QwV Mkyus vkSj mUekn QSykus ds fy, Hkkjrh; lafo/kku dks Hkh [kwc ti jgs gSAa muds çoäk lafcr ik=k Vh oh pSuyksa ij lafo/kku dh jV yxkrs gS]a lafo/kku ds vuqlkj xfBr lqçhe dksVZ dh nqgkbZ nsrs gSa ijUrq lp rks ;g gS fd vkj,l,l dks Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ls uQjr gS vkSj og bldh rfud Hkh bTtr ugha djrkA ;g ugha fd la?k lafo/kku ls viuh vlgefr;k¡ rkfdZd vk/kkj ij j[krk gS] D;ksfa d rdZ ls rks la?k dk NÙkhl dk vk¡dM+k gS! vrkfdZdrk ij gh mlus uQjr dk /kU/kk [kM+k fd;k gSA la?k ds lafo/kku fojks/k dk vk/kkj ogh mldk >wBh çkphurk dk cgkuk gS ftlesa mldks lc dqN vPNk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA ftlls la?k ds fy, Hkkjrh; lekt ,d fLFkj vkSj vifjorZuh; lekt cu tkrk gS ftlds çkphu dky esa ^Lo.kZ ;qx* Fkk ,slk og lksprk gS& tcfd ,sfrgkfld lR;rk bl ckr dks dgha Hkh çekf.kr ugha djrhA tc ls lafo/kku cuk rc ls mlds ¼vkj,l,l½ çeq[k usrkvksa us mlds fojks/k esa gh ckr dghA tgk¡ turk esa la?k }kjk vrkfdZd :i ls lafo/kku dks vç'us;] vkSj ifo=&iwT; cukus dh euksof` Ùk dk çpkj fd;k tkrk gS ogha buds eu esa ,d rkuk'kkgh iw.kZ O;oLFkk dk liuk gS tgk¡ tuokn vkSj vk/kqfud ewY;ksa o lekurk tSls fopkj gksa gh ughaA oSls rks Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds cuus dh çfØ;k esa gh tuokn dk ikyu ugha fd;k x;kA 11-5 çfr'kr erkf/kdkj ds vk/kkj ij xfBr desVh ds }kjk 1935 ds xouZeVas v‚Q bf.M;k ,DV dks dkV&Nk¡V dj bls cuk;k x;kA vktkn Hkkjr esa o;Ld erkf/kdkj ds vk/kkj ij lafo/kku lHkk cqykus dk ok;nk vkt rd iwjk ugha gqvkA ,d vksj tgk¡ Hkkjrh; lafo/kku turk dks dqN tuoknh vf/kdkj nsus ds çko/kku j[krk gS ogha nwljs gkFk ls bls Nhu ysus ds vf/kdkj Hkh blesa fn, x, gSAa Hkkjr esa bejtsl a h Hkh lafo/kku lEer gh yxh FkhA ;g lafo/kku lEifÙk dh lqj{kk eqg;S k djrk gS vkSj iwt ¡ hoknh mRiknu ç.kkyh vkSj Je ds 'kks"k.k dh ywV blh lafo/kku ds <k¡ps esa vfojke tkjh gSA futh lEifÙk dk ;g j{kd lafo/kku reke fofp=rkvksa vkSj varjfojks/kiw.kZ oäO;ksa ls Hkjk iM+k gS vkSj Hkkjrh; esgurd'k turk ds fgrksa dks ns[krs gq, ;g vi;kZIr gSA ysfdu vkj,l,l blls csgrj fodYi lq>kus dh txg iwjs bfrgkl pØ dks ihNs ys tkuk pkgrk gSA xksyoydj us 1949 ds vius ,d Hkk"k.k esa dgk&Þlafo/kku cukrs le; vius ^LoRo* dks] vius fganiw u dks foLe`r dj fn;k x;k& ml dkj.k ,d lw=rk dh o`Ùkh.kZ jgus ls ns'k esa foPNsn mRiUu djus okyk lafo/kku cuk;k x;kA geesa ,drk dk fuekZ.k djus okyh Hkkouk dkSu lh gS] bldh tkudkjh u gksus ls gh ;g lafo/kku ,d rRo dk iks"kd ugha cu ldkA ,d ns'k] ,d jk"Vª rFkk ,d gh jkT; dh ,dkRed 'kklu jpuk Lohdkj djuh gksxhA ,d gh laln gks] ,d gh eaf=e.My gks] tks ns'k dh 'kklu lqfo/kk ds vuqdy w foHkkxksa esa O;oLFkk dj ldsAß ¼xksyoydj] ^Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*] [kaM&2] i`"B 144½ ;gk¡ xksyoydj lafo/kku dks dkslrs gSAa mudks og lafo/kku ilUn gS tks ^euqLe`fr* esa gSA mUgsa bl ckr ls vkifÙk gS fd Hkkjr esa vyx&vyx jkT; D;ksa yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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gS\a xksyoydj us 1940 esa psUubZ esa vkj,l,l ds dk;ZdrkZvksa dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, dgk&Þ,d /ot ds uhps] ,d usrk ds ekxZn'kZu es]a ,d gh fopkj ls çsfjr gksdj jk"Vªh; Lo;a lsod la?k fganRq o dh ç[kj T;ksfr bl fo'kky Hkwfe ds dksus dksus esa çTofyr dj jgk gSAß ¼xksyoydj] ^Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*] [kaM&1] i`"B 11½ ,d usrk dk xksyoydj dk fl)kar tuokn dk fojks/kh gS vkSj fgVyjh rkuk'kkgh dks ekurk gSA vU;Fkk vkt ,d lkekU; vkneh Hkh tkurk gS fd ,d O;fä dh rkuk'kkgh ls vf/kd vPNk gS fd yksx feydj QSlyk ysAa ,d pkyd vuqofrZrrk ds ekud dks ekuus okys la?k esa tgk¡ la?k çeq[k dk pquko fdlh ernku ls ugha cfYd mÙkjkf/kdkj ds fu;e ds rgr fiNyk ljla?kpkyd r; djrk gS] la?k dh ;gh eulk gS fd Hkkjr dks ,d fganRq ooknh rkuk'kkgh jkT; cuk;k tk;A la?k esa rdZ dh txg Hkfä vkSj tuer dh txg ,d rkuk'kkg usrk dh f'k{kk nh tkrh gSA la?k esa çfrKk djokbZ tkrh gS fd&ÞloZ'kfäeku Jh ijes'oj rFkk vius iwot Z ksa dk Lej.k dj eSa çfrKk djrk gw¡ fd vius ifo= fgUnw /keZ] fgUnw laL—fr rFkk fgUnw lekt dk laj{k.k dj fgUnw jk"Vª dh lokax Z h.k mUufr djus ds fy, eSa jk"Vªh; Lo;alos d la?k dk ?kVd cuk gwA¡ la?k dk dk;Z eSa çkekf.kdrk ls] fu%LokFkZ cqf) ls rFkk ru] eu] /ku iwod Z d:¡xkA Hkkjr ekrk dh t;ß ¼vkj ,l ,l] 'kk[kk nf'kZdk] Kkuxaxk t;iqj] 1997] i`"B&1½ ;g lgt gh vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd vkj,l,l ds lnL; jgs ujsUæ eksnh rd tc ;gh çfrKk ysrs gSa rks os Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqlkj Hkkjr ds lHkh ukxfjdksa ds lkFk ,d leku dSls jgsx a ]s tcfd Hkkjr esa vU; /keksZa ds yksx Hkh jgrs gSAa ;g lkspus dk fo"k; gS fd ,d rjQ dksbZ fgUnw jk"Vª cukus dh ckr djs vkSj nwljh rjQ lafo/kku esa fgUnw eqfLye lcdk ns'k dh ckr esa Hkh gk¡&gk¡ djs rks og dksbZ lPpk ugha cfYd LokFkhZ voljoknh gh gksxkA

D;k vkj,l,l Hkkjr ds la?kh; <k¡ps dk lEeku djrk gS\ Hkkjr ds lafo/kku esa la?kh; jkT; dh dYiuk dh xbZ gS ftlesa fofHkUu jkT;ksa ds ,d la?k ds :i esa Hkkjr dks j[kk x;k gSA dqN vf/kdkj jkT;ksa ds nk;js esa gSa rFkk dqN vf/kdkj dsæa ljdkj ds nk;js esa gSA bl ladYiuk ds ihNs cgq laL—fr] Hkk"kk vkSj ekU;rkvksa ds lEeku vkSj vf/kdkj dh /kkj.kk lS)kafrd :i ls dke djrh gSA ijUrq la?k ftlds xq# fgVyj vkSj eqlksfyuh gSa dks rkuk'kkgh vkSj ,d 'kkld dk fopkj gh ekU; gSA la?k&Hkktik fdl rjg ls la?kkRed ç.kkyh ds fojks/kh gSa muds gh eqg¡ ls tkuuk csgrj gksxkA xksyoydj us viuh iqLrd ^fopkj uouhr* esa ,d 'kkld vuqofrZrrk dks ykxw djus ds fd, D;k dgk\ mUgksua s dgk&Þbl y{; dh fn'kk esa lc ls egRo dk vkSj çHkkoh dne ;g gksxk fd ge vius ns'k ds fo/kku ls lkaf?kd <k¡ps ¼QsMjy½ dh lEiw.kZ ppkZ dks lnSo ds fy, lekIr dj ns]a ,d jkT; ds] vFkkZr Hkkjr ds varxZr vusd Lok;Ùk vFkok v/kZ Lok;Ùk jkT;ksa ds vfLrRo dks feVk nsa rFkk ,d ns'k] ,d jkT;] ,d fo/kku e.My] ,d dk;Z ikfydk ?kksf"kr djsAa mlesa [kaMkRed] {ks=h;] lkaçnkf;d] Hkk"kkbZ vFkok vU; çdkj ds xoZ ds fpà dks Hkh ugha gksuk pkfg, bu Hkkoukvksa dks gekjs yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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,dRo ds lkeatL; dks fo/oal djus dk vodk'k ugha feyuk pkfg,Aß ¼,e- ,lxksyoydj] fopkj uouhr] i`"B &227½ bruk gh ugha mUgksua s dgk fd Þvkt dh la?kkRed ¼QsMjy½ jkT; i)fr i`Fkdrk dh Hkkoukvksa dk fuekZ.k rFkk iks"k.k djus okyh] ,d jk"Vª Hkko ds lR; dks ,d çdkj ls vekU; djus okyh ,oa foPNsn djus okyh gSA bldks tM+ ls gh gVkdj rnuqlkj lafo/kku 'kq) dj ,dkRed 'kklu çLFkkfir gksAß ¼xksyoydj] ^Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*] [kaM&3] i`"B 128½ Hkk"kk] {ks= vkSj laL—fr dh vusdrkvksa dks lekIr dj la?k gj {ks= esa ftl Þ'kq)rkß dh ckr djrk gS og ,d ,slh Þ'kq)rkß gS ftlesa ns'k dh cgq laL—fr dks Qklhoknh] czkã.koknh] opZLodkjh rkuk'kkgh 'kq)rk¼\½ esa cnyuk gSA ugha rks blds flok vkSj D;k dkj.k gks ldrk gS fd og reke lkaL—frd oSfo/;rk dks feVk nsuk pkgrk gS\ og pkgrk gS fd tSls la?k lksprk gS oSls gh yksx lkspas vkSj cksy& as vFkkZr la?k yksxksa ds efLr"d ls muds [kqn ds foosd dks gVkdj mUgsa ekufld :i ls viuk xqyke cukuk pkgrk gSA frjaxs >.Ms ij jktuhfr djus okys la?k&Hkktik ds frjaxk çse dk lp\ fdlh Hkh ns'k dk /ot ,sfrgkfld :i ls fu/kkZfjr gksrk gSA turk vius la?k"kksZa ds nkSjku vius /ot dk p;u vkSj fodkl djrh gSA /ot ,d çrhd ds :i esa blds cfynkuks]a la?k"kksZa vkSj y{;ksa dks çfrfcfEcr djrk gSA fdlh eqYd esa /ot ml eqYd dh turk dk çrhd rHkh curk gS tc mlds lkFk turk dk la?k"kZ vkSj mldh vkdka{kk,¡ fodkleku gksAa bl :i esa la?k"kZjr turk vius /ot dks cnyrh gS vkSj iqjkus /ot tks 'kkldoxksZa ds çrhd esa cny x, gksrs gSa mUgsa gVkrh gSA la?k"kZjr turk dk viuk /ot pquuk ,d ckr gS vkSj çrhdksa dh jktuhfr djuk] buds vk/kkj ij yksxksa dks ck¡Vuk nwljhA ;g lp gS fd vktknh ds nkSjku frjaxk Lohdkjk x;k ysfdu vkus okys le; esa la?k"kZjr Hkkjrh; turk tks ekStnw k 'kks"k.kdkjh O;oLFkk ds f[kykQ la?k"kZ djrh gqbZ [kM+h gksxh] og viuk /ot pqux s hA ysfdu vkj,l,l vyx gh jkx vykirk gSA ;gk¡ Hkh bldh i'pxkeh ço`fÙk gh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA nwljksa ls ckr&ckr ij ns'kçse] lafo/kku çse vkSj frjaxk çse dk çek.k ek¡xus okys la?k us [kqn D;k dHkh frjaxs >.Ms dks viuk;k\ bf.M;k xsV ij ;ksx fnol ij fn[kkok djus okys ç/kkuea=h ujsUæ eksnh frjaxs ls viuh ukd vkSj ilhuk iksN a rs fn[ks] vxj ;gh dke fdlh xSj la?kh ls gks tkrk rks Hkktik vkSj la?k mls ^ns'kæksgh* crkus esa foyEc ugha djrsA njvly la?k ds fy, gj ,d Hkkouk] gj ,d fopkj muds viuk mYyw lh/kk djus dk gfFk;kj gSA tc vktknh dh yM+kbZ ds nkSjku 26 tuojh 1930 dks frjaxk >aMk Qgjkus dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;k rks vkj,l,l ds la?kpkyd M‚- gsMxsokj us ,d vkns'k i= tkjh dj reke 'kk[kkvksa ij Hkxok >aMk iwtus dk funs'Z k fn;kA vkj,l,l us vius vaxt sz h i= vkxsuZ kbtj esa 14 vxLr 1947 okys vad esa fy[kk&Þos yksx tks fdLer ds nk¡o ls lÙkk rd igqp ¡ s gSa os Hkys gh gekjs gkFkksa esa frjaxs dks Fkek ns]a ysfdu fganv q ksa }kjk u bls dHkh lEekfur fd;k tk ldsxk u viuk;k tk ldsxkA yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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rhu dk vk¡dM+k vius vki esa v'kqHk gS vkSj ,d ,slk >.Mk ftlesa rhu jax gksa csgn [kjkc euksoK S kfud vlj Mkysxk vkSj ns'k ds fy, uqdlkuns; gksxkAß xksyoydj us vius ys[k esa dgk&ÞdkSu dg ldrk gS fd ;g ,d 'kq) rFkk LoLFk jk"Vªh; –f"Vdks.k gS\ ;g rks dsoy ,d jktuhfr dh tksM+ rksM+ Fkh] dsoy jktuSfrd dkepykÅ rkRdkfyd mik; FkkA ;g fdlh jk"Vªh; –f"Vdks.k vFkok jk"Vªh; bfrgkl rFkk ijaijk ij vk/kkfjr fdlh lR; ls çsfjr ugha FkkA ogh /ot vkt dqN NksVs ls ifjorZuksa ds lkFk jkT; /ot ds :i esa viuk fy;k x;k gSA gekjk ,d çkphu rFkk egku jk"Vª gS] ftldk xkSjo'kkyh bfrgkl gSA rc] D;k gekjk dksbZ viuk /ot ugha Fkk\ D;k lgLkz o"kksZa esa gekjk dksbZ jk"Vªh; fpà ugha Fkk\ fu%lUnsg] og FkkA rc gekjs fnekxksa esa ;g 'kwU;rkiw.kZ fjärk D;ks\a ß ¼,e- ,l- xksyoydj] fopkj uouhr] i`"B& 237½ njvly vkj,l,l egkjk"Vªh; czkã.k 'kkld is'kokvksa ds Hkxok >.Ms dks tks mldk [kqn dk Hkh >aMk gS Hkkjr dk jk"Vª/ot cukuk pkgrk gSA Þgekjh egku laLd`fr dk ifjiw.kZ ifjp; nsus okyk çrhd Lo:i gekjk Hkxok /ot gS tks gekjs fy, ijes'oj Lo:i gSA blhfy, blh ije oanuh; /ot dks geus vius xq#LFkku esa j[kuk mfpr le>k gSA ;g gekjk –<+ fo'okl gS fd var esa blh /ot ds le{k lkjk jk"Vª ureLrd gksxkAß ¼xksyoydj] ^Jh xq:th lexz n'kZu*]Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj] [kaM&1] i`"B 98½ ysfdu ;gh vkj,l,l vkt iwjs ns'k esa frjaxs ds uke ij fgUnw eqfLye dkMZ [ksyrk gS vkSj lcls cM+k frjaxk çseh curk gSA vkj,l,l dk ;g nkseg¡q kiu njvly eqg¡ esa jke cxy esa Nwjh okyk gS tks turk dks csodwQ cukdj muesa vkilh >xM+k&Qlkn djkdj iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dh frtksfj;k¡ Hkjrk gSA turk dh gj Hkkouk ls [ksyuk ,oa Lora=rk vkUnksyu ds çrhdksa dk bLrseky djuk budh iqjkuh vknr gSA

4&Hkktik vkSj vkj,l,l ds nfyr çse vkSj L=h lEeku dk lp vkt Hkkjr dk dksbZ Hkh ukxfjd] O;fä ftlds ikl FkksMk+ Hkh foosd gksxk og tkr&ik¡r vkSj fL=;ksa ds çfr nks;e O;ogkj dks fdlh Hkh :i esa lekt ds fy, [krjukd dgsxkA vktknh dh ftl yM+kbZ esa Hkkjr ds iq#"kksa ds lkFk efgyk,a dU/ks ls dU/kk feykdj yM+h]a gj ,d tkfr /keZ ls yksx mB [kM+s gq,A cjkcjh vkSj lekurk ds fopkjksa ds u, vadjq blh vktknh ds nkSjku QwVAs ns'k ds ØkfUrdkfj;ksa us ,d ,sls lekt dh dYiuk dh tgk¡ lHkh dks cjkcjh vkSj vf/kdkj çkIr gksa ogha vkj,l,l vkSj eqfLye yhx us yksxksa dks lfn;ksa iqjkuh :f<+;ksa vkSj csfM+;ksa esa tdM+us ds fy, viuh vkokt mBkbZ vkSj vius bl xans ealcw ksa ds fy, cgkuk cuk;k çkphurk dk] laL—fr dk vkSj yksxksa ds vk¡[k ij iêh p<+kus dh dksf'k'k dh /keZ dhA vkt ç/kkuea=h ujsUæ eksnh ,d vksj rks csVh ds lkFk lsYQh QksVks [khapdj efgykvksa dks cjkcjh dk ntkZ nsus dh ukSVd a h djrs gaS ogha nwljh rjQ os dgrs gSa fd os ^xksyoydj }kjk x<+s gq, Lo;a lsod gS]a * mlh xksyoydj }kjk ftldk fopkj Fkk fd bl ns'k esa lafo/kku ds :i esa ^euqLe`fr* dks ykuk pkfg, ftlesa nfyrksa vkSj efgykvksa ds ckjs esa Hk;kud xSj cjkcjh vkSj vieku vR;kpkj dh ckrsa dgh xbZa gSAa yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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tc vktknh ds nkSjku vej 'kghn Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkFkh nfyrks]a vNwrksa dks tkxus dk vkºoku djrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd Þge rks lkQ dgrs gSa fd mBks] vNwr dgykus okys vlyh tu lsodksa mBks&viuk bfrgkl ns[kksA ;g iwt ¡ hoknh ukSdj'kkgh rqEgkjh xqykeh dk vlyh dkj.k gS&mBks vkSj orZeku O;oLFkk ds fo#) cxkor [kM+h dj nksA /khjs&/khjs gksus okys lq/kkjksa ls dqN ugha cu ldsxkA lkekftd vkUnksyu ls ØkfUr iSnk dj nks rFkk jktuSfrd vkSj vkfFkZd ØkfUr ds fy, dej dl yksA rqe gh rks ns'k ds eq[; vk/kkj gks] okLrfod 'kfä gks] lks;s gq, 'ksjks!a mBks] vkSj cxkor [kM+h dj nksAß ¼Hkxrflag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds miyC/k lEiw.kZ nLrkost] la& lR;e] i`"B& 270½ Hkxrflag ds fy, ØkfUr dk vFkZ Fkk ^Økafr turk ds fy, turk ds fgr es*a vFkkZr O;kid voke ds fy, lekurk vkSj cjkcjhA ysfdu la?k Hkkjr ds fy, ,d ,slk fo/kku pkgrk gS tks cjkcjh ds cqfu;knh mlwyksa dks gh budkj djrk gSA xksyoydj fgUnw lekt dh lfn;ksa iqjkuh lkekftd cqjkb;ksa dks ftank j[kuk pkgrs gSAa os dgrs gS& a ÞfgUnw lekt gh ;g fojkV iq#"k gS] loZ'kfäeku dh Lo;a dh vfHkO;fä! ;|fi os fgUnw 'kCn dk ç;ksx ugha djrs fdUrq ^iq#"k lwä* esa loZ'kfäeku ds fuEukafdr fooj.k ls Li"V gSA mlesa dgk x;k gS fd lw;Z vkSj paæek mldh vk¡[ksa gSAa u{k= vkSj vkdk'k mldh ukfHk ls cus gSAa ;Fkk& czkã.k mldk eq[k] {kf=; Hkqtk,¡] oS'; mldh ta?kk,¡ rFkk 'kwæ iSj gSAa bldk vFkZ gS fd lekt ftlesa ;g prqfoZ/kk O;oLFkk gS vFkkZr fgan& w lekt gekjk bZ'oj gSAß ¼,e- ,lxksyoydj] fopkj uouhr] i`"B 37&38½ xksyoydj ,sls lekt ds i{k/kj gSa ftlesa 'kwæ ¼vkt dh nfyr vkSj vkschlh tkfr;k¡½ fgUnw lekt ds iSj gksa vFkkZr fupys ik;nku ij jgus ds fy, vfHk'kIrA muds fy, cjkcjh dk dksbZ vFkZ u gksA lekt esa cjkcjh dh txg inkuqØe dh mlh iqjkuh& czkã.k] {kf=;] oS'; vkSj 'kwæ okyh O;oLFkk ds i{k esa xksyoydj [kM+s gSAa dksbZ Hkh U;k;fç; O;fä xksyoydj ds bl fopkj ls uQjr gh djsxkA xksyoydj ds fy, lekt esa tkfrokn vkSj vf'k{kk tSlh cqjkb;ksa ls dksbZ QdZ ugha iM+rk] os egt ,d mUeknh fgUnw jk"Vª pkgrs gSaA viuh bl ckr ds leFkZu esa xksyoydj dgrs gS& a ÞegkHkkjr] g"kZo/kZu] ;k iqyds'kh ds le; dks nsf[k;s] tkfr vkfn tSlh lHkh rFkkdfFkr cqjkb;k¡ mu fnuksa Hkh vkt ls de ugha Fkha vkSj blds ckotwn ge xkSjo'kkyh fotsrk jk"Vª FksA D;k tkfr] vf'k{kk vkfn ds cU/ku rc vkt ls de dBksj Fks tc f'kokth ds usrR` o esa fganw jk"Vª dk egku mUu;u gqvk Fkk\ ugha ;s os phtsa ugha gSa tks gekjh jkg dk jksMk+ gSßa ¼xksyoydj] ^oh vkj voj us'kugqM fMQkbZUM* Hkkjr ifCyds'ku ukxiqj] 1939 ds fgUnh vuqokn ^ge ;k gekjh jk"Vªh;rk dh ifjHkk"kk* i`"B 161½ tc Hkxrflag tSls ØkfUrdkjh vkSj vktknh ds yM+kbZ ds nwljs usrk vNwr leL;k] tkfrokn] fL=;ksa dh nks;e fLFkfr] vf'k{kk vkfn lkekftd cqjkb;ksa dks Hkkjrh; lekt dk 'k=q ekurs gSa ogha la?k ds xksyoydj dks ns'k esa dksbZ lkekftd cqjkbZ utj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ugha vkrhA D;ksfa d czkã.koknh ekufldrk ls Hkjs xksyoydj dks gj rjQ egkurk gh fn[k jgh FkhA 'kghnksa ds fopkjksa ds f[kykQ tkrs gq, os dgrs gS& a Þgesa ;g ns[kdj nq%[k gksrk gS fd dSls ge bl jk"Vªfojks/kh dke esa viuh ÅtkZ cckZn dj jgs gSa vkSj nks"k lkekftd <k¡ps rFkk nwljh ,slh phtksa ij e<+ jgsa gSa ftudk jk"Vªh; iqutkZxj.k ls dksbZ ysuk&nsuk ugha gSA ge ,d ckj fQj bl ckr dks js[kkafdr djuk pkgrsa gSa fd fgUnw lkekftd <k¡ps dh dksbZ ,slh rFkkdfFkr deh ugha gS] tks gesa viuk çkphu xkSjo çkIr djus ls jksd jgh gSß ¼ogh] i`"B 162&163½A vkt bfrgkl vkSj lekt ds ckjs esa vk¡[ksa [kksydj ns[kus okys gj balku dks ;g fn[kkbZ ns jgk gS fd ;g lkekftd cqjkb;k¡ gekjs lekt dk fdruk vfgr dj jgh gSa ysfdu ;g ckr la?k ugha ns[k ldrkA xksyoydj êuqLe`fr* dh ç'kalk djrs gq, mls ykxw djus dh odkyr djrs gSAa os dgrs gS& a Þeuq dh fof/k LikVkZ ds ykbdjxql ;k if'kZ;k ds lksyksu ls cgqr igys fy[kh xbZ FkhA vkt bl rjg dh fof/k dh tks euqLe`fr esa mfYyf[kr gS] fo'oHkj esa ljkguk dh tkrh jgh gS vkSj ;g Lor%LQwrZ /kkfeZd fu;e ikyu rFkk lekuq:irk iSnk djrh gSA ysfdu gekjs lafo/kku iafMrksa ds fy, mldk dksbZ vFkZ ugha gSAß ¼vkxsuZ kbtj 30 uoEcj 1949] i`"B 3½ xksyoydj dh Hkk¡fr gh oh-Mh- lkojdj ds eu esa Hkh êuqLe`fr ds çfr cgqr lEeku gSA os dgrs gS& a ÞêuqLe`fr* og ifo= iqLrd gS] tks osnksa ds ckn gekjs fgUnw jk"Vª esa lokZf/kd iwtuh; gS vkSj tks çkphu dky ls gh gekjh laL—fr] jhfrfjoktks]a gekjs fopkjksa rFkk deksZa dk vk/kkj cu xbZ gSA lfn;ksa ls bl iqLrd us gekjs jk"Vª ds vk/;kfRed vkSj nSoh; iFk ds fy, fn'kkfuns'Z k fufeZr fd, gSAa vkt Hkh djksMk+ as fgUnw vius thou vkSj fØ;kdyki esa ftu fu;eksa dk ikyu djrs gS]a os êuqLe`fr* ij gh vk/kkfjr gSAa vkt êuqLe`fr* gh fgUnw dkuwu gSA ;g cqfu;knh ckr gSAß ¼^lkojdj lexz*] [kaM 4] i`"B 461] çHkkr] ubZ fnYyh½ ftl êuqLe`fr* dh bruh ç'kalk xksyoydj vkSj muds xq# lkojdj dj jgs gSa nsf[k;s mlesa nfyrksa vkSj fL=;ksa ds ckjs esa fdruh viekutud vkSj Øwj ckrsa dh xbZ gSAa nfyrksa ds ckjs esa euqLe`fr esa dgk x;k gS fd& 1& ijekRek us 'kwæksa dk ,d gh dke crk;k gS] fd czkã.k] {kf=; vkSj oS'; dh Hkfä ls lsok djukA ¼I/91½ 2& dksbZ 'kwæ f}t dk dBksj ok.kh ls vieku djs rks mldh thHk dkV yh tk,] D;ksfa d 'kwæ iSj ls iSnk gqvk gSA ¼VIII/270½ 3& ;fn uke vkSj tkfr dks ysdj }s"k ls 'kwæ f}t tkfr;ksa dks xkyh ns] ml 'kwæ ds eq[k esa vfXu esa rikbZ nl vaxy q dh dhy MkysAa ¼VIII/271½ 4& 'kwæ vfHkeku ls f}tksa dks /keZ mins'k djs rks jktk mlds eq[k vkSj dku esa [kkSyrk rsy Myok,A ¼VIII/272½ 5& 'kwæ f}tksa dks vius ftl vax ls ekjs mlh vax dks ¼jktk½ dVok Mkys] ;gh euq th dh vkKk gSA ¼VIII/279½ yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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uhph tkfr dk Å¡ph tkfr okyksa ds lkFk vfHkeku ls cSBuk pkgs rks mldh dej esa nkx djds ns'k ls fudky nsAa ¼VIII/281½ 7& czkã.k dk lj eqM a ok nsuk gh çk.kkUrd naM nsuk gS] nwljksa dks çk.kkUrd dk fo/kku gSA ¼VIII/379½ fL=;ksa ds ckjs esa euqLe`fr esa dgk x;k gS fd %& 1& fdlh yM+dh] ;qok L=h ;k cqtx q Z vkSjr dks Hkh LorU=rkiwod Z vius eu ls dqN ugha djuk pkfg, ;gk¡ rd fd vius ?kj ds Hkhrj Hkh ugha ¼V/147½ 2& fnu vkSj jkr nksuksa esa gh ,d vkSjr dks ?kj ds iq#"kksa ij vkfJr jguk pkfg, vkSj vxj os 'kkjhfjd lq[k esa layXu gksuk pkgrh gSa rks mUgsa fuf'pr rkSj ij fdlh iq#"k ds fu;a=.k esa jguk pkfg,A ¼ IX/2½ 3& mldk firk cpiu esa mldh j{kk djrk gS] ifr tokuh esa mldh j{kk djrk gS vkSj iq= o`)koLFkk esa mldh j{kk djrk gSA ,d L=h dHkh Hkh LorU=rk ds ;ksX; ugha gksrhA ¼IX/3½ 4& ifr dks viuh iRuh dks vius /ku dks ,d= djus rFkk [kpZ djus ds dke es]a ¼?kjsyw dkeksa es½a gj pht dks lkQ&lqFkjk j[kus ds dke es]a /kkfeZd drZO;ksa ds ikyu es]a Hkkstu idkus ds dke esa rFkk ?kjsyw crZuksa ds ns[kHkky ds dke esa yxkuk pkfg,A ¼IX/11½ 5& vkSjrsa lqna jrk dh ijokg ugha djrha u gh muds fy, vkd"kZ.k mez ls r; gksrk gS] muds fy, ;gh cgqr gS fd ^og iq#"k gS*A os Lo;a dks lqna j&vlqna j fdlh dks Hkh lefiZr dj nsrha gSAa ¼IX/14½ 6& vkSjrksa ds fy, ifo= ea=ksa }kjk dksbZ iquhr vuq"Bku ugha fd;k tkrk gS blfy, ;g fu;e LFkkfir gSA vkSjrsa tks 'kfäghu vkSj cqf)ghu gSa rFkk oSfnd ikB ds Kku ls oafpr gSa os Lo;a vlR;rk dh gh rjg vifo= gS& a ;g iDdk fu;e gSA ¼IX/18½ ¼euq ds funs'Z kksa dk ;g p;u eSDlewyj dh iqLrd ^yk v‚Q euq* ls fd;k x;k gS tks muds }kjk ^euqLe`fr* dk vuqokn gSA½ ftl ckr dks 'kghn Hkxr flag lekt ds fy, 'keZ dh ckr dgrs gS]a la?kh xksyoydj vkSj lkojdj mlh ckr ij xoZ çdV djrs gS& a Hkxr flag us Hkkjrh; lekt dh blh xSj cjkcjh ij dgk fd ÞdqÙkk gekjh xksn esa cSB ldrk gSA gekjh jlksbZ esa fu%lax fQjrk gS] ysfdu vxj ,d balku dk gels Li'kZ gks tk; rks cl /keZ Hkz"V gks tkrk gSßA ¼Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds miyC/k lEiw.kZ nLrkost] la& lR;e] i`"B& 267½ 8 vçSy 1929 dks vlsEcyh esa ce Qsd a us ds ckn ØkfUrdkjh Hkxrflag vkSj cVqd's ojnÙk us ipkZ Qsd a k Fkk ftlesa mUgksua s fy[kk Fkk&Þge euq"; ds thou dks ifo= le>rs gSAa ge ,sls mTToy Hkfo"; esa fo'okl j[krs gSa ftlesa çR;sd O;fä dks iw.kZ 'kkfUr vkSj Lora=rk dk volj fey ldsAß ¼Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds miyC/k lEiw.kZ nLrkost] la& lR;e] i`"B&332½ yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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gesa ;g r; rks djuk gh gksxk fd gesa 'kghn Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds liuksa dk Hkkjr pkfg, ftlesa gj L=h&iq#"k dks lekurk vkSj cjkcjh feys ;k la?k Hkktik ds ealcw ksa dk tyrk gqvk vU;k; iw.kZ eqYdA 5&vkj,l,l dh ^laL—fr* dk lp vkj,l,l ges'kk viuh ckr ^Hkkjrh; lH;rk* ^Hkkjrh; laL—fr* dk uke ysdj 'kq: djrk gSA yksxksa ds chp ,sls rFkkdfFkr 'kq)rkokn dk çpkj djrk gS tks u rks Hkkjr esa dgha Fkk vkSj u gh vkt gSA bldh lH;rk vkSj laL—fr Hkkjr dh ugha vfirq la?k dh viuh dfYir vkSj dêj] ck¡Vus okyh gSA ,d lkekU; O;fä Hkh le> ldrk gS fd pkgs çkphu dky gks ;k vkt dk le; brus cM+s ns'k esa yksxksa ds vyx&vyx jhfr&fjokt jgs gSAa yksxksa dh vyx&vyx Hkk"kk jgh gSA yksxksa ds vyx&vyx ewY;&ekU;rk,¡ jgs gSa rFkk vusd /keksZa ds ekuus okyksa ds chp muds /kkfeZd –f"Vdks.k Hkh vyx&vyx jgs gSAa ,sls esa Hkktik rFkk la?k iwjs Hkkjr dh ,d laLd`fr dh tks ckr djrk gS og ,d dfYir opZLo'kkyh fopkj ls vf/kd dqN ugha gSA Hkkjr esa çkphu dky esa Hkh dksbZ ,d lukru /keZ gh jgk gks ,slk ugha gSA blh ns'k esa ckS) /keZ vkSj tSu /keZ iSnk gq, vkSj c<+s ftuesa nqfu;k dks ns[kus dh nwljh –f"V FkhA blh ns'k esa pkokZdksa usa ;g ckr dgh fd nqfu;k eksg&ek;k ugha cfYd lPph gS] vkSj gekjs nq%[k ds dkj.k blh lkekftd HkkSfrd txr esa gSAa blh ns'k esa dfiy vkSj d.kkn uked nk'kZfud gq, tks la[;k vkSj ijek.kq ds fl)kar ds vk/kkj ij nqfu;k dks le>us dh ckr djrs FksA çkphu le; ls ftl ,d Hkk"kk&laL—fr ds gksus dh ckr vkj,l,l djrk gS og ,d >wB gSA Hkk"kk oSKkfud crkrs gSa fd Hkkjr esa vk;ksZa ds vkus ls igys gM+Iik lH;rk dh fyfi vyx Fkh tks fd vHkh rd i<+h ugha tk ldh gSA æfoM+ ifjokj dh Hkk"kk,¡ rfey] ey;kye mruh gh iqjkuh gSa ftruh laL—frA Hkkjr cgq&Hkk"kkbZ lekt jgk gS vkSj vkt Hkh gSA çkphu dky ls ysdj vk/kqfud dky rd Hkkjrh;ksa dk –f"Vdks.k Hkk"kk dks ysdj dêj jgk gks ,slk ugha dgk tk ldrkA vyx&vyx Hkk"kk&Hkk"kh lewg pkgs og vkfnoklh lekt gks ;k dksbZ vU; mudh viuh Hkk"kk,¡ mudh vfHkO;fä dk ek/;e jghaA laL—r Hkk"kk dh Js"Brk dh la?kh euksxfaz Fk dk çpkj mruk lkaL—frd gS ugha ftruk ;g fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA ;g fugk;r gh jktuSfrd gS&la?k dh jktuhfr dk vax& dêjrk dh jktuhfr gSA ,d vke balku viuh cksy&pky esa ;g ckr djrk vkSj le>rk gS fd Hkkjr esa ,d xaxk&tequh laL—fr gSA vkf[kj bldk D;k vFkZ gS\ bldk vFkZ gS Hkkjr ds fo'kky foLrkj esa vyx vyx laL—fr;k¡ feyh&tqyh gSAa D;k d'ehj esa jgus okys yksxksa dk [kku&iku] igukok] cksy&Hkk"kk] vkSj mRlo&R;kSgkj ogh gSa tks dsjy vkSj rfeyukMw ds yksxksa ds gSAa D;k xqtjkr dh Hkk"kk] jhfr fjokt] R;kSgkj vkSj jgu lgu oSlk gh gS tSlk fd vle vkSj ef.kiqj esa jgus okys yksxksa dk gS\ ughaA lqnjw Nksjksa dks rks NksM+ nhft, NÙkhlx<+ vkSj mÙkj çns'k esa Hkh Hkk"kk] R;kSgkj o jgu lgu dk dkQh yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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varj gSA mÙkj Hkkjr esa ekek ;k ekSlh ds csVs csfV;k¡ vkil esa ugha C;kgs tkrs tcfd vkU/kz çns'k esa budk vkil esa fookg gks ldrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd ,d gh /keZ dks ekuus okyksa ds Hkh feFkdksa vkSj R;ksgkjksa esa vlekurk gS vkSj dbZ ckj rks os ,d nwljs ds fojks/kh yxrs gSAa mÙkj Hkkjr esa fgUnw /keZ ds feFkd esa jktk cfy dks ,d nkuo crk;k tkrk gS tcfd dsjy esa budh iwtk dh tkrh gSA Hkkjr esa 300 ls vf/kd jkek;.k gSa vkSj muesa vyx&vyx dFkk dgkfu;k¡ vkSj feFkd gSAa ;gk¡ rd fd mÙkj Hkkjrh; czkã.kksa esa ekal [kkus dks ysdj vyx ekU;rk gS tcfd caxky vkSj fefFkyk ds czkã.kksa esa vyxA blh ns'k esa 'kkä mikld Hkh gSa vkSj 'kSo mikld HkhA ;ksfx;ksa dh vyx vyx eaMfy;k¡ gSa rks larksa dh ,d yEch ijEijk gSA blh ns'k esa flD[kksa dk vyx /keZ gSA bLyke /keZ dks ekuus okyksa dh la[;k Hkh de ugha gS vkSj muesa Hkh dksbZ ,d bLyke ugha gSA lwQh Hkh gS]a f'k;k Hkh gSa vkSj lqUuh HkhA bu lkjh oSfo/;rk dks ÞfgUnw laL—frß ds uke ij mUekn QSykdj la?k ,d Qklhoknh eqYd cukuk pkgrk gS vkSj bu lcdks rFkkdfFkr lukru fgUnw laL—fr ds uke ij ,d crkrk gSA tks ,d cM+k >wB gSA tjk lksp]as ckr&ckr esa gekjs lekt esa vyx&vyx le; ij iwtk vkSj deZdkaMksa dh fof/k ds vyx gksus dk çek.k blls ugha fey tkrk gS tc dksbZ dgrk gS fd mlds ;gk¡ rks bls nwljh fof/k ls fd;k tkrk gSA blh ns'k esa fgUnqvksa esa gh iwtk esa cfy nsus dh ijEijk Hkh gS vkSj ,slh ijEijk Hkh gS tks blds fcYdqy f[kykQ gSA dkek[;k eafnj esa cfy dh çFkk gS rks blh ns'k esa oS".ko Hkh gaAS ;g vkj,l,l tks dykdkjksa ds fp=ksa vkSj ewfrZ;ksa dks de oL= ;k fcuk oL=ksa ds fn[kkus ij dykdkjksa dks ekjus] muds fp=ksa dks tykus dk miØe djrk gS D;k mls Hkkjrh; fp=dyk vkSj ewfrZdyk dh dksbZ Hkh tkudkjh gSA ckS)dky ls ysdj vkt rd] vkSj v'kksd ls ysdj vc rd vki vxj ewfrZ;ksa dks ns[ksa rks Hkkjr esa dykdkjksa us ekuoh; Hkko dks mdsjk gS vkSj reke çkphu ewfrZ;k¡ gSa tks fuoZL= gSa vkSj rc ds lkearh lekt esa Hkh dykdkjksa ij bl ckr dks ysdj geys ugha gq,A D;k Hkkjrh; laL—fr esa gj laL—fr dh rjg gh L;kg vkSj lQsn i{k ugha gS\a mÙkj gksxk cs'kd gSAa ,d lgh vxzxkeh lekt esa ijEijk ds çfr :<+ –f"V dh txg mlls lh[kus vkSj xyr phtksa dks NksMd + j lgh rdZlx a r fopkjksa dks viukus ls lekt vkxs c<+rk gSA vxj blh Hkkjrh; lekt esa ,d cM+s rcds dks vNwr ds uke ij ekuoh; xkSjo ls oafpr dj fn;k x;k Fkk rks blh lekt esa vktknh dh yM+kbZ ds le; fgUnw&eqfLye ,dtqV gksdj fczfV'k gqdew r ds f[kykQ yM+]s 'kghn Hkxrflag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dh ØkfUrdkjh fojklr Hkh blh Hkkjrh; lekt dh nsu gSA orZeku fgUnqLrku lHkh dkSeksa ds esgurd'k liwrksa dh vdwr dqckZuh ds dkj.k vkSifuosf'kd xqykeh ls eqä gqvkA ;g ,d lk>h&laL—fr vkSj lk>h fojklr gSA fdlh la?kh&HkktikbZ dh vyxkooknh] naxkbZ laL—fr ughaA çsepan us dgk Fkk fd ^lkEçnkf;drk lnSo laLd`fr dh [kksy vks<d + j vkrh gS* la?k D;k ogh ugha dj jgk gS\ njvly vkj,l,l dh laL—fr Hkkjrh; lekt dh lPpkbZ ij ugha cfYd naxksa vkSj QwV Mkyus ij fVdh yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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gqbZ gSA xqtjkr ds naxs gksa ;k eqt¶Qjuxj naxk gks] ;s yksxksa ds chp tgj ?kksyus ds dke dks gj txg vatke nsrs gSa vkSj vkt ;s yksxksa dh ftanfx;ksa ls [ksy jgs gSAa vHkh gky esa tks caxky esa pquko gks jgs gSa blesa ikfdLrku ds leFkZu esa iksLVj yxkus esa blh la?k ds laxBuksa dk uke lkeus vk;k gSA eqca bZ ce /kekdksa esa ekjs x, iqfyl vf/kdkjh gsera djdjs ds ifjokj dks rRdkyhu xqtjkr ds eq[;ea=h ujsUæ eksnh usa ,d djksM+ #i;s lgk;rk dk ,yku fd;k Fkk ijUrq djdjs ds ifjokj us l[rh ls eksnh ds ^buke* dks Bqdjk fn;kA ,slk D;ksa gqvk\ njvly flrEcj 2008 esa gq, ekysxk¡o foLQksV dh tk¡p ny esa gsera djdjs 'kkfey Fks vkSj bl tk¡p esa fganRq ookfn;ksa dk gkFk gksus dh ckr vkus ij bu rkdrksa us djdjs ds f[kykQ nq"çpkj rst dj fn;k FkkA bl ekysxk¡o esa ftl lk/oh çKk flag dk gkFk gksus dh ckr dgh xbZ og yEcs le; rd Hkxok fxjksg ds fo|kFkhZ laxBu ,chohih ls tqMh+ FkhA lk/oh çKk ds cpko esa nsj losj iwjk la?k ifjokj vkSj vuq"kaxh laxBu vk x, FksA [kqn vkt ds ç/kkuea=h ujsUæ eksnh us ml tk¡p dks gh çk;ksftr djkj fn;k Fkk vkSj ,0Vh0,l0 çeq[k gsera djdjs ds f[kykQ fgUnqRooknh fxjksg us dhpM+ mNkyus dh eqghe NsM+ nh FkhA djdjs blh lcls ijs'kku Fks vkSj mlh 'kke mUgksua s egkjk"Vª ds rRdkyhu mi&eq[;ea=h vkj-vkj- ikfVy ls feydj dgha vkSj vius rcknys dh ckr dgh FkhA Hkktik djdjs ds f[kykQ bl eqfge esa [kqydj mrj vkbZ Fkh vkSj ftl fnu eqEcbZ geys esa djdjs ekjs x, mlh fnu Hkktik&f'kolsuk muds f[kykQ vius can dk vk;kstu djus okyh Fkh ftls mlus okil ys fy;kA ekysxk¡o CykLV ds nkSjku ftl ^vfHkuo Hkkjr* laxBu dk uke lkeus vk;k mlds ihNs oh-Mh- lkojdj }kjk LFkkfir blh uke dh laLFkk dh çsj.kk FkhA bldk v/;{k in ftl fgekuh lkojdj us laHkkyk Fkk og oh- Mh- lkojdj ds HkkbZ ukjk;.k lkojdj dh iq= o/kw vkSj ukFkwjke xksMls ds HkkbZ xksiky xksMls dh csVh gSA ;gh ugha 6 vçSy 2006 dks vkj,l,l ds ,d iqjkus dk;ZdrkZ ds ?kj ij cus xksnke esa ce cukrs le; foLQksV gks x;k ftlesa nks vkj,l,l dk;ZdrkZ ekjs x,A /khjs&/khjs tk¡p ds nkSjku ,Vh,l us ml O;kid lkft”k dks csudkc dj fn;k ftlds rgr lkekU;r% eqlyekuksa tSlh iks'kkd igudj vkSj udyh nk<+h yxkdj] eqlyeku tSlk os'k cukdj efLtnksa vkfn esa ce&foLQksV dh ;kstuk cukbZ x;h FkhA okLro esa ekysxk¡o foLQksV esa ,sls gh uhfr viuk, tkus ds lk{; feys gSAa ;g reke ?kVuk,¡ pkgs og gSnjkckn esa eDdk efLtn dh gks] fnYyh esa tkek efLtn dh gks]vtesj 'kjhQ njxkg ;k le>kSrk ,Dlçsl esa gq, foLQksVksa dh gks] budh tk¡p blfy, ugha lqy>kbZ tk ldh fd buesa vkradokn ds fgUnqRooknh lzkrs ksa dh vksj ls vk¡[k ewn¡ yh xbZA xqtjkr esa 2002 esa gq, eqlyekuksa ds ujlagkj ds fLVax vkijs'ku dks rgydk us 2007 esa lcds lkeus j[kk ftlesa bl ujlagkj dh ;g lPpkbZ lkeus vkbZ fd ^fo'o fgUnw ifj"kn* vkSj ^ctjax ny* us bl ?kVuk dks vatke fn;k FkkA ;gh ugha dRysvke dh ;kstuk vkSj ujlagkj dk ealcw k tks la?k us vius xq: fgVyj vkSj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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eqlksfyuh ls lh[kk Fkk mldh tqxr esa ;g vius tUedky ls gh yxk jgk gSA vktknh ds ckn mÙkj çns'k ds igys x`g lfpo] jkts'oj n;ky us viuh vkRedFkk esa ,d ,slh gh ?kVuk dk [kqyklk fd;kA ftlesa vktknh ds ckn fdl rjg ls vkradh ?kVukvksa dks la?k vatke nsus dh dksf'k'k djrk jgk gS] dk ftØ gSA Þftu fnuksa lkEçnkf;d ruko vHkh Hkh ijkdk"Bk ij Fkk& if'peh {ks= ds mi egkfuns'kd] ch-ch- tsVyh csgn xksiuh;rk ls esjs ?kj ij vk;s tks vPNh rjg ls rkyk yxs nks yksgs ds land w yk;s FksA tc os land w [kksys x, rks muesa çns'k ds lEiw.kZ if'peh ftyksa esa lkaçnkf;d fgalk QSykus okys ,d dk;jrkiw.kZ "kMîa= ds fufoZokn çek.k FksA os land w ,sls uD'kksa ls [kpk[kp Hkjs gq, Fks ftuesa cM+s is'ksojkuk vkSj =qfVghu rjhds ls ml fo'kky {ks= ds gj xk¡o vkSj dLcs dk ekufp= Fkk vkSj eqfLye bykds vkSj cfLr;ksa dh Li"V fu'kkunsgh dh xbZ FkhA tks ,d vkijkf/kd mís'; dh rjQ lkQrkSj ij b'kkjk djrh FkhaA le;&le; ij vkj,l,l ds vìksa ij ekjs x, Nkiksa ls bl cM+s "kM~;= a dk inkZQk'k gks ik;k FkkA ;g iwjh ;kstuk laxBu ds eqf[k;k ds funs'Z kksa vkSj ns[k&js[k esa cukbZ xbZ FkhA eSua s vkSj tsVyh nksuksa us eq[; vkjksih Jh xksyoydj dh QkSju fxj¶rkjh ij tksj fn;k] tks mu fnuksa mlh {ks= esa FksAß gkyk¡fd ;g fxj¶rkjh ugha gks ikbZ vkSj xksyoydj [kcj yxrs gh nf{k.k dh rjQ fudy x,A ;g lkQ fn[kkrk gS fd la?k ,d lkaL—frd laxBu ugha cfYd vkradh xfrfof/k;ksa vkSj gR;kvksa esa fyIr laxBu gSA vkj,l,l ds ckjs esa ,d fjiksVZ tks laHkor% xka/kh dh gR;k ds ckn vkbZ Fkh esa fy[kk x;k gS fd %& 1& vkj,l,l us ukxiqj esa ,d rjg ds c‚;t LdkmV vkUnksyu dh 'kq#vkr dhA /khjs&/khjs ;g ,d fgald ço`fÙk okys lkaçnkf;d lSU;oknh laxBu esa cny x;kA 2& vkj,l,l 'kq)r% egkjk"Vªh; czkã.kksa dk laxBu jgk gSA ¼lhih½ e/; çkar vkSj egkjk"Vª ds vf/kdka'k yksx xSj&czkã.k egkjk"Vªh; gSa vkSj mudh blls dksbZ lgkuqHkwfr ugha gSA 3& nwljs çkUrksa esa Hkh çeq[k laxBudrkZ vkSj iw.kZdkfyd dk;ZdrkZ vfuok;Zr% egkjk"Vªh; czkã.k gh ik;s tkrs gSAa 4& vaxt sz ksa ds gVus ds ckn egkjk"Vªh; czkã.k vkj,l,l ds tfj;s Hkkjr esa ^is'kok jkt* LFkkfir djus dk LoIu ns[krs jgs gSAa vkj,l,l dk >.Mk is'kokvksa dk Hkxok >.Mk gS& egkjk"Vªh; 'kkld ¼tks½ vaxt sz ksa ls ijkftr gksus okys vafre 'kkld Fks vkSj ¼blfy,½ Hkkjr esa vaxt sz h jkt ds var ds ckn egkjkf"Vª;ksa dks gh jktuSfrd lÙkk lkSia h tk,A 5& vkj,l,l xqIr vkSj fgald rjhds viukrk gS] tks ^Qklhokn* dks çksRlkfgr djrs gSAa lR;fu"B lk/kuksa vkSj lao/S kkfud rjhdksa dk dksbZ vknj ugha gksrkA 6& laxBu dk dksbZ lafo/kku ugha gS] blds y{; vkSj mís'; dks dHkh Li"V :i ls ifjHkkf"kr ugha fd;k x;kA vke yksxksa dks lkekU;r% crk;k tkrk gS fd yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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bldk mn~n's k dsoy 'kkjhfjd çf'k{k.k gS] ysfdu vlyh mn~n's k vkj,l,l ds vke lnL;ksa dks Hkh ugha crk, tkrsA dsoy ^Hkhrjh lfdZy* dks gh fo'okl esa fy;k tkrk gSA 7& laxBu dk dksbZ fjdkMZ ugha gS]a dksbZ fooj.k ugha gS]a u gh dksbZ lnL;rk jftLVj gSA vkenuh vkSj [kpZ dk Hkh dksbZ fjdkMZ ugha gSA blfy, laxBu ds ekeys esa vkj,l,l ,dne xqIr laLFkk gSA ¼Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; vfHkys[kkxkj] ljnkj iVsy i=&O;ogkj] ekbØksfQYe] jksy la& 3 ^vkj,l,l ij ,d fVIi.kh*] fnukadjfgr½ ,slh reke ?kVuk,¡ pkgs og ihNs dh gksa ;k vHkh dh ;g crkus ds fy, i;kZIr gaS fd /keZ vkSj laL—fr dh nqgkbZ nsus okys vkj,l,l dh laL—fr naxksa vkSj ujlagkj ls vius ukikd ealcw ksa vFkkZr ,d dêjiaFkh Qklhoknh jkT; dh LFkkiuk dks iwjk djuk gS] ftlesa turk ds ewyHkwr vf/kdkjksa dks Nhudj iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dh lsok djrs gq, ;g [kqn Hkh eykbZ ywVAs 6& foHkze dk Hk; QSykuk gh la?k dk lp jk"Vªh; Lo;a lsod la?k dh iwjh lksp lekt esa ,sls feFkdksa dk fuekZ.k djus dh gS ftudk lR;rk ls dksbZ lEcU/k ugha gSA pkgs blds os feFkd tks blds ÞlaL—frß vkSj Þ/keZß ls tqMs+ gksa ;k og >wB tks turk ds eu esa vyxko rFkk Hk; iSnk dj vfo'okl vkSj 'k=qrk dk ekgkSy cukus ds fy, bLrseky fd;s tkrs gSa bu lcdk dke cl ;gh gksrk gS fd turk dks xqejkg djds mlds fnekx esa cSBk nks fd la?k vkSj Hkktik ds vfrfjä tks Hkh Økafrdkjh fodYi vFkok mlls vyx lksp gS] og ns'k ds fy, [krjk gSA fdlh Hkh lekt esa eqlhcr dh nks otgsa gksrh gSa ,d ml lekt dh vkrafjd lkekftd leL;k,a vkSj nwljh ckgjh fnDdrsAa la?k bu nksuksa gh ekeyksa esa ftu fodYiksa dks turk ds lkeus is'k djrk gS og Nn~e fodYi gksrs gSAa ftl ns'k esa 77 çfr'kr vkcknh ek= 20 #i;s jkstkuk ds vk; ij viuk xqtj clj djrh gks mlds fy, igyh ckr gksxh yksxksa dh csjkstxkjh dh leL;k dks nwj djuk] vke turk ds gd vf/kdkj dks mu rd igqp ¡ ukA cPpksa dks f'k{kk nsukA ftl lekt esa fdlkuksa dh vkcknh vkRegR;k,¡ djus ij etcwj gks ml lekt esa fdlh Hkh laxBu dk dke gksxk fdlkuksa ls tqMh+ uhfr;ksa dks Bhd djuk] mUgsa enn nsukA ysfdu bu leL;kvksa dks NksMd + j la?k Hkktik viuk vkUnksyu 'kq: djrs gSa jke eafnj ls] budh jFk ;k=k,¡ 'kq: gksrh gSa fgUnw jkT; ds fy,] la?k yksxksa dks jke lsrq ds uke ij rks tqVkrk gS ysfdu dgha Hkh turk dh ftUnxh ls tqMh+ Bksl ek¡xksa dks ysdj la?k"kZ ugha djrkA ;s lkjh eqlhcrksa dh tM+ ns'k ds vUnj eqlyekuksa dks Bgjk dj gj leL;k ls viuk iYyk >kM+ ysrs gSAa eksnh ds ç/kkuea=h cuus ls igys ns'k dh turk esa ;g Hkze QSykrs Fks fd ikfdLrku gekjk lcls cM+k nq'eu gS vkSj gesa lÙkk ns nks rks ge mls iyd >idrs gh Bhd dj nsx a As ;g >wB cl lÙkk ds fy, bUgksua s QSyk;k gS ysfdu bu nks lkyksa esa budh lÙkk vkus ds ckn bUgksua s D;k fd;k\ ge ugha dgrs fd ;q) bl leL;k dk lek/kku gS ijUrq yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ftl mUekn dk ;s lgkjk ysrs gSa mls le>uk gksxkA [kqn la?k ns'k ds vUnj vkradh dk;Zokfg;ksa esa fyIr jgrk gS ijUrq ;g ns'k dks ÞeqfLye vkradoknß ds uke ij ck¡Vus dh ckr djrk gSA vkradokn dk ,d edln gS yksxksa dks rckg djuk] mldks bl :i esa uke nsuk ns'k ds Hkhrj gh /keZ ds uke ij ck¡Vus dh lkft'k gS rkfd gj eqlyeku ds f[kykQ ,d tuHkkouk cukbZ tk ldsA dbZ txgksa ij [kqn la?k ds laxBuksa ds yksx eqlyekuksa dk os'k cukdj ,slh djrwrksa dks vatke nsrs idM+s x, ftuls naxk QSy ldrk FkkA ^yo ftgkn* dk >wB Hkh budh blh lud dk ifj.kke gSA ftlesa ;g vQokg QSykbZ tkrh gS fd eqlyeku ;qod fgUnw yM+fd;ksa dks I;kj esa Q¡lkdj mudk /kekarZ j.k djokrs gSAa la?k ,slh mUeknh ckrsa djrk gS ftlls lcdks ¼tks fgUnw gS½ bl Hk; esa yk;k tk lds fd muds ifjokj esa tks Hkh yM+fd;k¡ gSa og ^lqjf{kr* ugha gSAa udyh dFkk,¡ vkSj vQokgsa vkt ds Qslcqd vkSj OgkV~l,i ij QSykbZ tkrh gSa vkSj fQj vkrad vkSj naxs dk ekgkSy cuk;k tkrk gSA blh rjg ls buds tcju /kekarZ j.k dh vQokgksa vkSj dgkfu;ksa dk Hkh ;gh gky gSA la?k ;g Hkzked çpkj djrk gS fd eqlyeku vkSj bZlkbZ] fgUnqvksa dk tcju /kekarZ j.k djok jgs gSAa /keZ fdlh dk fugk;r futh ekeyk gSA og fdl /keZ dks Lohdkj djs] fdl /keZ dks ekus ;g ml O;fä dh ethZ ij gSA ysfdu la?k >wBh vQokgks]a dgha dh ?kVukvksa dks dgha dk crkdj] >wBh dgkfu;k¡ x<+dj yksxksa ds eu esa ;g uQjr Hkjk Hk; cSBkus dk dke djrk gS fd fgUnw /keZ dks [krjk gS] tSls lewph eqlyeku vkSj bZlkbZ vkcknh dks vkSj dksbZ dke u gks vkSj og bUgha dkeksa esa yxh gksA buds Hkk"k.kks]a ipksZa esa dHkh dksbZ Hkh vk¡dM+k tkjh dj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj gj rjg ds vUrjtkrh; vkSj vUrj/kkfeZd fookg dks tcju /kekarZ j.k crk fn;k tkrk gS vkSj bldks ysdj çn'kZu Hkh gks tkrs gSAa dukZVd mPp U;k;ky; dh csp a us 2002&2009 ds chp ^xqe'kqnk* yM+fd;ksa dh lhvkbZMh tk¡p ds vkns'k fn,A bl tk¡p esa ik;k x;k fd 229 yM+fd;ksa us nwljs /keZ ds yksxksa ls 'kknh dhA lhvkbZMh ds egkfuns'kd xq#çlkn us mPp U;k;ky; dks viuh 31 fnlacj] 2009 dks lqinq Z fjiksVZ esa dgk ^fdlh O;fä ;k lewg }kjk fgUnw ;k bZlkbZ yM+fd;ksa dks cgykdj eqfLye yM+dksa ls 'kknh fQj /kekarZ j.k djkus dh dksbZ Hkh lkft'k ;k laxfBr dksf'k'k ugha gS*A blh rjg ls ,d Hk; ftldk çpkj la?k yxkrkj djrk gS og gS eqlyekuksa dh tula[;k vkSj fgUnqvksa ds vYila[;d gks tkus dk Hk;A 19 uoEcj 2005 dks vkj,l,l ds ljla?kpkyd ds-,llqn'kZu us dgk fd çR;sd fgUnw de ls de ik¡p vkSj vf/kd ls vf/kd 16 cPps iSnk djsA yxkrkj la?k eqlyekuksa dh vkcknh dks ysdj ,d Hkzked çpkj djrk gSA D;k okdbZ la?k&Hkktik dks vkcknh dh fpark gSA us'kuy Økbe fjdkMZ C;wjks dh o"kZ 2013 dh fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj 1 tuojh 2001 ls 31 fnlacj 2012 rd 912022 fL=;k¡ ngst ds dkj.k ekjh xbZAa ngst ds f[kykQ tu tkx`fr ykus ds ctk; Hkktik vkSj fo|kFkhZ ifj"kn~ ds yksx ngst ysr]s ek¡xrs ns[ks tkrs gSAa ^csVh cpkvks&csVh i<+kvks* dk ukjk nsus okys ç/kkuea=h ds vius xqtjkr esa çfr gtkj yM+dksa ij 886 yM+fd;k¡ gSa tcfd jk"Vªh; Lrj 940 gSA 1995 ls ysdj 2013 rd dqy 296438 fdlkuksa us vkRegR;k dh] tcfd yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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vkt ns'k ds 76 çfr'kr fdlku [ksrh NksMu+ k pkgrs gSAa —f"k ctV esa 2015&16 esa 104 çfr'kr dh deh dh xbZA lesfdr cky fodkl ds ctV dks 2015&16 esa 55 çfr'kr de dj fn;k x;kA ,slh reke uhfr;ksa }kjk eksnh ljdkj yksxksa dks ekSr ds eqg¡ esa /kdsy jgh gSA bl rjg ls vkcknh ej jgh gS mldh fpark la?k vkSj Hkktik dks ugha gS] mls rks cl vkcknh ds de gksus ds udyh ?kfM+;kyh vk¡lw ls naxs HkM+dkdj viuk mYyw lh/kk djuk gSA bl lky ds ctV esa mPp f'k{kk esa 55 çfr'kr dh dVkSrh dj eksnh dkSu ls csVh cpkvks&csVh i<+kvks dh ckr dj jgs gSAa ftl rjg ls teZuh esa fgVyj us gj leL;k dh ftEesnkjh ;gwfn;ksa ds Åij Mkydj mudk dRysvke djok;k Fkk ogh ealcw k Hkkjr esa la?k ifjokj dk gSA ns'k ds iwt ¡ hifr;ksa ds equkQs dh gol ds dkj.k tehu dk ikuh ns'k ds 33 çfr'kr fgLls esa ugha gS vkSj vkt ,d frgkbZ vkcknh ikuh dh ,d&,d cwn¡ ds fy, rjl jgh gS] ,sls esa iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dh udsy dlus ds ctk; ljdkj turk dks fdQk;r'kkjh dk ikB i<+kus vkSj ikuh cpkvks ds foKkiuksa ij iSlk [kpZ dj jgh gS vkSj myVs mls gh f'k{kk ns jgh gSA 7& vkj,l,l&Hkktik ds fodkl dk lp bl ns'k ds yksxksa us 2014 ds yksdlHkk pqukvksa esa eksnh dqucs dks ^fodkl* dh jV yxkrs lquk FkkA dkys /ku ls gj ,d ukxfjd ds [kkrs esa 15 yk[k #i;s nsus dk oknk fd;k x;k FkkA Þvkradoknß dh leL;k dks iyd >idrs gy dj ysus dh ckr dgh xbZ FkhA gj ,d ;qok dks jkstxkj nsus dk oknk FkkA eksnh lcls dgrs Fks fd ^vPNs fnu vk,¡x*s Bhd mlh rjg ftl rjg fgVyj dgrk Fkk ^Good times will come*A ysfdu ns'k dh turk ls oksV ysus ds ckn bl ^fodkl iq#"k* ds ckjs esa ;gk¡ rd pqVdqyk pyk fd Þfodkl ds ikik [kks x, gSßa D;ksfa d eksnh fQj ns'k esa de fons'kksa esa vf/kd jgus yxsA vkf[kj D;k djus tkrs gSa eksnh fons'kksa es\a ogk¡ tkdj eksnh dgrs gSa fd] gs iwt ¡ hifr;ks!a vki gekjs ;gk¡ iwt ¡ h yxkvks] gekjs ns'k ds lalk/kuksa vkSj xjhc turk ds lLrs Je dks ywVks vkSj viuh frtksfj;k¡ HkjksA blh dks uke fn;k x;k ^esd bu bf.M;k*A vFkkZr Hkkjr esa cukvks vkSj equkQk dekvksA eg¡xkbZ dk vkye ;g gS fd nky tks fd 70 #i;s fdyks fcd jgh Fkh bl fodkl iq#"k ds vkrs gh 200 #i;s fdyks rd fcdh vkSj fQj okil vkt Hkh 160 #i;s fdyks fcd jgh gSA I;kt tks dHkh vVy ljdkj ds le; vukj gks xbZ Fkh u, Hkxok ç/kkuea=h ds le; blus fQj vius rsoj cnys vkSj eg¡xh gqbAZ isVkª y s ds lLrs gksus ds ckotwn vke vkneh vkt Hkh ml eg¡xkbZ ls =Lr gSA ns'k dh turk dks jkstxkj nsus ds ok;nk dk gky ;g gS fd yksx vkt Hkh igys ls vf/kd csjkstxkjh vkSj eanh dh ekj >sy jgs gSAa etnwjksa ds jgs lgs Je dkuwuksa dks vkSj Hkh <hyk fd;k tk jgk gS vkSj ^fLdy bafM;k* ds uke ij ogk¡ Je dkuwuksa dks gh [kRe dj fn;k x;k gSA f'k{kk ds uke ij vkye ;g gS fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa vkSj 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa dks feyus okyk othQk [kRe fd;k tk jgk gSA fiNys lky dqy f'k{kk ctV esa yxHkx 17 çfr'kr dh dVkSrh dh xbZ rks vcdh ckj mPp f'k{kk esa 55 çfr'kr ctV dh dVkSrh dh x;h gSA ljdkjh f'k{kk dks ftl rjg ls cckZn dj çkbosV f'k{kk dks ;g yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ljdkj c<+kok ns jgh gS vkus okys fnuksa esa vke xjhc vkcknh dh ckr rks NksM+ nhft, tks yksx lksprs Fks fd muds cPps rks iSls ds cy ij i<+ ysx a As ,slh [kkrh ihrh e/;oxhZ; vkcknh Hkh vc lqugjs lius ns[kuk can dj nsA vc rd rks xjhc fdlku vkSj etnwj viuh ek¡xksa dks ysdj lM+dksa ij mrjrs Fks ysfdu eksnh ljdkj ds fodkl ds le; ghjk vkSj xguksa ds O;kikjh Hkh vius /ka/kksa ds Åij eaMjk jgs [krjksa ds dkj.k lM+dksa ij gM+rky djus ds fy, mrj x, gSAa ftu NksVs O;kikfj;ksa vkSj dkjksckfj;ksa dh ikVhZ Hkktik ekuh tkrh Fkh vkSj ftUgksua s yxkrkj lÙkk esa bldks igqp ¡ kus ds fy, dke Hkh fd;kA lÙkk esa vkus ls igys blh la?k Hkktik dk ukjk gksrk Fkk&^[kqnjk O;kikj esa ,QMhvkbZ ugha pysxk* vkt eksnh ljdkj us [kqnjk O;kikj ds ,d {ks= esa lkS Qhlnh ,QMhvkbZ ykxw dj fn;kA ;gh ugha ns'k dh lqj{kk vkSj ^jk"Vªokn* ds fy, gqd a kj Hkjus okyh bl ljdkj us rks lsuk esa Hkh 49 çfr'kr rd ,QMhvkbZ dks eatjw h nh gSA budh cs'kehZ dh gn rks rc nsf[k;s tc dkys /ku ij gj ,d ukxfjd ds [kkrs esa 15 yk[k #i;s ds buds pqukoh ok;ns dh ckr buls dh x;h rc vfer 'kkg usa mls ^pqukoh tqeyk* dg fn;kA Lo;a buds xq# xksyoydj budks fl[kkrs jgs gSa fd vxj dksbZ Lo;a lsod jktuhfr esa tkrk gS rks og ogk¡ la?k ds ,tsM a s dks gh ykxw djsA buds fy, jktuhfr tulsok ugha cfYd la?k ds dêj fgUnwjk"Vª ds vfHk;ku dk ,d vax gS tgk¡ ,d ukSVd a h ds uV dh rjg budks ukVd djuk gksrk gSA 5 ekpZ 1960 dks bankSj esa vk,l,l ds foHkkxh; o mPp Lrjh; dk;ZdrkZvksa ds ,d vf[ky Hkkjrh; lEesyu esa Þnk'kZfud xksyoydjß ¼xq#th½ us dgk fd %& Þgesa ;g Hkh ekywe gS fd vius dqN Lo;alos d jktuhfr esa dke djrs gSAa ogk¡ mUgsa ml dk;Z dh vko';drkvksa ds vuq:i tyls] tqyl w vkfn djus iM+rs gS]a ukjs yxkus gksrs gSAa bu lc ckrksa dk gekjs dke esa dksbZ LFkku ugha gSA ijUrq ukVd ds ik= ds leku tks Hkwfedk yh mldk ;ksX;rk ls fuokZg rks djuk gh pkfg,A ij bl uV dh Hkwfedk ls vkxs c<+dj dke djrs&djrs dHkh&dHkh yksxksa ds eu esa mldk vfHkfuos'k ¼eksg½ mRiUu gks tkrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd fQj bl dk;Z esa vkus ds fy, os vik= fl) gks tkrs gSAa ;g rks Bhd ugha gSA vr% gesa vius la;eiw.kZ dk;Z dh –<+rk dk Hkyh Hkk¡fr /;ku j[kuk gksxkA vko';drk gqbZ rks ge vkdk'k rd Hkh mNy&dwn dj ldrs gS]a ijarq n{k fn;k rks n{k esa gh [kM+s gksx a As ß ¼,e ,l xksyoydj Jh xq#th lexz n'kZu] Hkkjrh; fopkj lk/kuk] ukxiqj [kaM&4] i`"B 4&5½ fiNys nks lkyksa esa turk dk uke ysdj] fodkl dk uke ysdj bu ukSVd a hcktksa us ;gh dke fd;k gSA turk dks ywVks vkSj cckZn djks vkSj iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dks iwtks vkSj vkckn djksA vkt Hkkjr dh xjhc esgurd'k turk dks rks ;g le>uk gh gksxk ysfdu NksVs nqdkunkjksa vkSj e/;oxZ ds [kkrs ihrs fgLls dks Hkh ;g le> ysuk pkfg, fd la?k Hkktik 'kklu xjhcksa dh ftUnxh dks rks rckg djsxk gh ysfdu ftl rjg ls vkt ds oSf'od iwt ¡ h ds ;qx esa ;g cM+s m|ksxifr;ksa ds lkFk [kM+k gS mlesa NksVs nqdkunkjksa dks mtkM+uk mudh fu;fr gSA e/;oxZ dk ,d cM+k fgLlk bl mUeknh la?k&Hkktik ds jkt esa csjkstxkjh] vf'k{kk vkSj gR;kvksa ds vfrfjä vkSj dqN ugha ik,xkA yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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naxksa vkSj la?kh geykojksa ls muds Hkh csVs &csfV;k¡ lqjf{kr ugha gSAa vc ;g r; djus dk oä gS fd vki ns'k dks la?k ds mUekn vkSj naxksa ds fy, NksM+ nsx a s ;k viuh lksbZ gqbZ psruk dks txkdj cjkcjh] U;k;cks/k vkSj bfrgklcks/k ls ySl ,d lerkewyd lekt ftldk liuk 'kghn Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa us ns[kk Fkk] dks cukus ds fy, vkxs vk,¡xAas 8& bl fouk'k ds f[kykQ [kM+s gks! Hkktik ds 'kklu dky esa ftl ^fodkl* dh ckr dh tk jgh gS og xjhcksa dh gfì;ksa vkSj yk'kksa ij [kM+k iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dk fodkl gSA bldh dher ns'k dk gj ,d og O;fä pqdk jgk gS tks VkVk] fcM+yk] vEckfu;ksa vkSj vnkfu;ksa dh tekr ls ugha gSA fny ij gkFk j[kdj dfg;s D;k vkids cPps dks vPNh f'k{kk eqg;S k gS\ D;k bl ns'k dh vke turk dks fpfdRlk vkSj jkstxkj dh xkjaVh gS\ ughaA bruk gh ugha ;g tks ekgkSy esa tgj Hkjk tk jgk gS og dc fdls naxksa dk f'kdkj cuk ns dgk ugha tk ldrk gSA ns'k dh voke dks dHkh fgUnw ds uke ij] dHkh eqlyeku ds uke ij dHkh xk; ds uke ij] dHkh yo ftgkn ds uke ij ckaVdj ;g dkSu lk fodkl ykuk pkgrs gS]a ;g Li"V gSA D;k vkidks ;kn ugha gS fd 'kghn Hkxr flag tSls ØkfUrdkfj;ksa us mu reke rkdrksa ls lko/kku jgus ds fy, dgk Fkk tks yksxksa dks /keZ ds uke ij ckaVdj iwt ¡ hifr;ksa dh lsok esa tqVh gSAa D;k ge ugha tkurs fd 'kklu djus dh vaxt sz ksa dh ;gh uhfr Fkh fd ^ckaVks vkSj jkt djks*A D;k ;g ns'k xqtjkr vkSj eqt¶Qjuxj tSls naxs ugha ns[k pqdk gS\ vkf[kj D;k dkj.k gS fd ge viuh uaxh vk¡[kksa dh lPpkbZ dks ns[kuk ugha pkgrs\ D;k dkj.k gS fd ge vius gj ,d bfrgkl dks Hkwydj viuh cckZnh ds dkjok¡ esa 'kjhd gks tkrs gS\a D;k dkj.k gS fd gesa gj ik¡p lky esa dksbZ >wBs okns djds gels gh gesa ywVus dk ykblsl a ys tkrk gS\ vkf[kj D;ksa tc fd ge lcdqN iSnk djrs gSa rks geha lcls [kjkc ftUnxh thus ds fy, vfHk'kIr gS\a vkf[kj D;ksa ge vius 'kghnksa ds liuksa dks Hkwy x, ga\S D;k dkj.k gS fd ge ;g Hkwy x, gSa fd ,d fgUnw] ,d eqlyeku ;k ,d flD[k ;k bZlkbZ gksus ds igys ge ,d balku gS\a D;k gekjh fnDdrsa lk>k ugha gS\a D;k ge lc eg¡xkbZ] csjkstxkjh] vkokl] f'k{kk] fpfdRlk dh lk>k ijs'kkfu;ksa ls =Lr ugha gS\a vkSj ;g tkurs gq, fd bu ijs'kkfu;ksa dk dkj.k ekStnw k O;oLFkk vkSj muds la?kh&HkktikbZ lsodksa dh lÙkk gS ge dc rd buds cgdkos esa vkdj vkil esa caVs jgsxa As D;k gesa bruk rd ugha irk fd Hkw[k] dqiks"k.k vkSj xjhch dh ekj gj xjhc ij ,d tSlh iM+rh gS\ D;k ge Hkxrflag ds bl vkºoku dks Hkwy x, tks mUgksua s ukStokuksa dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, dgk Fkk %&ÞHkkjrh; fjifCyd ds ukStokuks]a ugha flikfg;ks]a drkjc) gks tkvksA vkjke ds lkFk u [kM+s jgks vkSj u gh fujFkZd dnerky fd, tkvksA yEch nfjærk tks rqEgsa ukdkjk dj jgh gS lnk ds fy, mrkj Qsd a ksA rqEgkjk cgqr gh usd fe'ku gSA ns'k ds gj dksus vkSj gj fn'kk esa fc[kj tkvks vkSj Hkkoh ØkfUr ds fy, ftldk vkuk fuf'pr gS] yksxksa dks rS;kj djksA QtZ dh fcxqy dh vkokt lquksA ,sls gh [kkyh ftUnxh u x¡okvksAß &lkHkkj ¼Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ds miyC/k lEiw.kZ nLrkost] la& lR;e] i`"B&14½ yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ykgkSj "kM~;= a dsl lad yudrkZ &fueZ y oekZ xnj jkT;&ØkfUr Qjojh 1915 esa fczrkuh Hkkjrh; lsuk esa gqbZ ,d vf[ky Hkkjrh; ØkfUr Fkh ftldh ;kstuk xnj ikVhZ us cukbZ FkhA ifjp;&xnj ikVhZ ds usrkvksa us fu.kZ; fy;k fd vc og le; vk x;k gS fd ge fczfV'k ljdkj ds f[kykQ mldh lsuk esa laxfBr foæksg dj ldrs gS]a D;ksfa d rc çFke fo'o;q) /khjs&/khjs djhc vk jgk Fkk vkSj fczfV'k gqdew r dks Hkh lSfudksa dh cgqr vko';drk FkhA xnj ikVhZ ds usrR` o us Hkkjr okil vkus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA vxLr 1914 esa cM+h jSfy;ksa vkSj tulHkkvksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA ftlesa lHkh fgUnqvksa ls dgk x;k fd os fgUnqLrku dh vksj ykSVas vkSj fczfV'k gqdew r ds fo#) l'kL= foæksg esa Hkkx ysAa bl çdkj xnj ikVhZ ds v/;{k lksgu flag Hkkduk] tks fd tkiku esa Fks] us Hkkjr vkus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA mUgksua s cM+h lko/kkuh ls viuh ;kstuk dks rS;kj fd;kA fczfV'k gqdew r ds nq'euksa ls enn çkIr djus ds fy, xnj ikVhZ us cjdrqYykg dks dkcqy HkstkA diwj flag eksgh phuh ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ls lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, lu ;kr&lsu ls feysA lksgu flag Hkkduk Hkh Vksfd;ks esa teZu dkamlyj ls feysA rstk flag Lora= us rqdhZ'k fefyVªh vdkneh esa tkuk r; dj fy;k rkfd çf'k{k.k çkIr fd;k tk ldsA xnj ikVhZ ds usrk ikuh vkSj ty ds jkLrs Hkkjr igq¡puk pkgrs FksA blds fy, dkekxkVk ek:] ,l-,l- dksfj;k vkSj uSelSx a uke ds tgktksa ij gtkjksa xnj usrk p<+dj Hkkjr dh vksj vkus yxsA yxHkx 8 gtkj xnj lnL; Hkkjr foæksg ds fy, ykSV jgs Fks vkSj mudk igqp ¡ uk 1916 rd r; FkkA nsgjknwu esa HkkbZ ijekuUn us ?kks"k.kk dh fd 5 gtkj xnj lnL; muds lkFk vk,¡A ysfdu chp dh fdlh detksj dM+h ds dkj.k ;g lwpuk fczfV'k gqdew r rd igq¡p xbZA mUgksua s ;q) dh ?kks"k.kk okys iksLVjksa dks xaHkhjrk ls fy;kA flrEcj 1914 dks ljdkj us ,d v/;kns'k ikfjr fd;k ftlds rgr jkT; ljdkjksa dks ;g vf/kdkj ns fn;k x;k fd os Hkkjr esa nkf[ky gksus okys fdlh Hkh O;fä dks fgjklr esa ysdj iwNrkN dj ldsx a s Hkys gh og Hkkjrh; ewy dk D;ksa u gksA igys caxky vkSj iatkc dh jkT; ljdkjksa dks ;g vf/kdkj fn, x, vkSj blds fy, yqf/k;kuk esa ,d iwNrkN dsUæ Hkh LFkkfir fd;k x;kA dkekxkVk ek: ds ;k=h bl v/;kns'k ds igys f'kdkj cusA lksgu flag Hkkduk vkSj vU; yksxksa dks uSelSx a tgkt ls mrjrs le; fxj¶rkj dj fy;k x;k vkSj yqf/k;kuk yk;k x;kA os xnj lnL; tks ikslkek: tgkt ls vk;s Fks os Hkh idM+s x,A mUgsa feaVxqejh vkSj eqYrku dh tsyksa esa Hkst fn;k x;kA tks tekur ij NwV x,A vf/kdka'k xnjh fl[k etnwj vkSj lSfud Fks vr,o mUgksua s viuh yMkbZ iatkc ls çkjaHk dhA Hkkjr esa xnj ds tokuksa us nwljs ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ds lkFk vPNs fj'rs dk;e dj fy,A buesa ls dqN us caxky vkSj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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mÙkj&çns'k esa jsO;wy'w kujh ikVhZ v‚Q bf.M;k ¼1917½ xfBr dhA fo".kq x.ks'k fiaxys] djrkj flag ljkck] jkl fcgkjh cksl] HkkbZ ijekuUn] gkfQt vCnqyk vkfn ØkfUrdkfj;ksa us egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk dhA ve`rlj dks dUVªky s lsUVj ds :i esa ç;ksx fd;k x;kA mls xnj ikVhZ us ckn esa ykgkSj LFkkukUrfjr dj fn;kA 12 Qjojh 1915 dks xnj ikVhZ us fu.kZ; fy;k fd foæksg vkSj ØkfUr dk fnu 21 Qjojh 1915 gksxkA foæksg ykgkSj dh fe;kaehj Nkouh vkSj fQjkstiqj Nkouh ls çkjaHk djuk fuf'pr gqvkA fe;kaehj ml le; vaxt sz ksa dh 9 fMohtu esa ls ,d fMtkbu dk dsæa Fkk vkSj iatkc dh lHkh Nkofu;k¡ blds v/khu FkhaA fQjkstiqj dh Nkouh esa bruk gfFk;kj o xksykck:n Fkk ftlds bLrseky ls vaxt sz lsuk dks ijkftr fd;k tk ldrk FkkA ml le; rd xksjh lsuk ;wjksi Hksth tk pqdh Fkh vkSj Nkofu;ksa esa vf/kdka'k Hkkjrh; ewy ds flikgh vkSj vQlj gh ekStnw FksA FkksMs+ gfFk;kjcan yksxksa vkSj Nkouh ds fl[k flikfg;ksa dh enn ls bl tax dks yM+k tkuk FkkA iwjh j.kuhfr dks fe;k¡ ehj] fQjkstiqj] esjB] ykgkSj vkSj fnYyh dh QkSth Nkofu;ksa esa ykxw fd;k x;k FkkA dksgkV] cUuw vkSj nhukiqj esa Hkh foæksg mlh fnu gksuk FkkA djrkj flag ljkck dks fQjkstiqj dks fu;a=.k esa ysuk FkkA fiaxys dks esjB ls fnYyh dh vksj c<+uk FkkA MkWDVj eFkqjk flag dks ÝafV;j ds {ks=ksa esa tkuk FkkA fu/kku flag pq?k] xqjeq[k flag vkSj gjuke flag dks >sye] jkoyfiaMh vkSj gksrh enkZu tkuk FkkA HkkbZ ijekuUn th dks is'kkoj dk dk;Z fn;k x;k FkkA nqHkkZX; ls fczfV'k gqdew r dks vius ,tsVa ksa ds ek/;e ls ØkfUr dh [kcj yx xbZA xnj ds uk;dksa us foæksg dh frfFk esa 21 Qjojh ds LFkku ij 19 Qjojh djds ifjorZu dj fn;kA ijUrq fczfV'k ç'kklu us rhozrk fn[kkrs gq, dk;Z fd;k vkSj Hkkjrh; lsuk dks fcuk gfFk;kj dk cuk fn;kA ck:n ds xksnkeksa ij dCtk dj fy;k blds ckn xnj ikVhZ ds cgqr ls usrk vkSj ;kstd fxj¶rkj gks x,A mUgsa ykgkSj esa dSn dj fy;k x;kA 82 xnj usrkvksa ds Åij eqdnek pyk ftls ykgkSj "kM~;= a dsl dgk x;kA 17 xnj lnL;ksa dks HkxksMk+ ?kksf"kr fd;k x;kA iatkc ds xouZj ekbdy vks Mk;j us fczfV'k gqdew r ls fof'k"V dkuwuh çko/kkuksa dh ek¡x dh ftlds rgr dksVZ esa vihy dh O;oLFkk u gks ldsA vaxt zs ljdkj ^fMQsUl v‚Q bf.M;k :y* dk çko/kku ysdj vkbZ ftlds rgr xnj usrkvksa ds fo#) >ViV fu.kZ; gks ldsA 13 flrEcj 1915 dks 24 xnj usrkvksa dks ekSr dh ltk lqukbZ xbZ 'ks"k dks mez dSn nh x;hA 25 vDVwcj 1915 dks nwljs ykgkSj "kM~;= a dsl esa 102 xnj usrkvksa ij eqdnek çkjEHk gqvk] ftldk fu.kZ; 30 ekpZ 1916 dks gqvk] ftlds rgr 7 dks Qkalh dh ltk nh xbZ] 45 dks mezdnS vkSj vU;ksa dks 8 eghus ls 4 o"kZ dh dBksj ltk lqukbZ xbZA v¡xt zs ksa }kjk pyk, x, fofHkUu "kM~;= a ds ekeyksa us Hkkjr esa dE;qfuLV fopkj/kkjk ds çlkj esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk fd;kA lkft'k ds ekeyksa dks pykus ds ihNs fczfV'k ljdkj dk ;g y{; Fkk fd rsth ls c<+rs gq, dE;qfuLV vkUnksyu yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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dks jksd fn;k tk,] ijUrq bldk vlj mYVk iM+kA is'kkoj dsl ds 'kq: ls gh v¡xt sz h ljdkj Hkkjr esa dE;qfuLV vkUnksyu dks nckus ds fy, dk;Z dj jgh FkhA cEcbZ ds usrk Mkaxs us ,d iqfLrdk fudkyh] ftldk uke Fkk& ^xk¡/kh cuke ysfuu* A v¡xt zs h ljdkj us bl iqfLrdk dks lcwr dh rjg bLrseky djrs gq, dgk fd dE;qfuLV v¡xt zs h ljdkj ds fo#) "kM~;= a jp jgs gSAa dE;qfuLVksa ij vkjksi yxk;k x;k fd dE;qfuLV jktk&lezkV dh lÙkk dks m[kkM+ Qsd a us dk "kM~;= a dj jgs gSAa dkuiqj cksY'ksfod "kM~;= a dsl esa ,e- ,u- j‚;] eqt¶Qj vgen] ,l , Mkax]s 'kkSdr mLekuh] ufyuh xqIrk] flaxjosyw psfê;kj vkSj xkSre gqlSu ij vkjksi yxk;k x;k FkkA bl dsl us turk dk /;ku dE;qfuLVksa dh rjQ vkdf"kZr fd;kA v[kckjksa ds ys[kksa ds ek/;e ls turk dks dE;qfuLV fopkjksa dh tkudkjh feyhA bl çdkj ls bl dsl us dE;qfuLV fopkjksa dks turk rd igq¡pkus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; vkUnksyu ds le; ds "kM~;= a ekeys esa esjB "kM~;= a dsl lcls pfpZr gSA v¡xt sz h ljdkj Hkkjr esa dE;qfuLVksa ds c<+rs gq, çHkko dks ysdj cgqr fpafrr gks jgh FkhA mudks Mj Fkk fd d‚feuVuZ dqN ØkfUrdkjh yksxksa dks Hkkjr esa Hkstdj Økafr dh Tokyk HkM+dkuk pkgrh gSA ekpZ 1923 esa Hkkjr ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa ls 32 yksxksa dks fgjklr esa fy;k x;kA bu lkjs yksxksa ij Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 121 ds rgr fczfV'k ljdkj ds fojks/k esa lkft'k jpus dk vkjksi yxk;k x;kA ;g dsl lu~ 1932 rd esjB ds l= U;k;ky; esa pykA vkjksfi;ksa ds i{k esa ftjg djus ds fy, Hkkjr ds ukeh odhy vk;s tokgjyky usg:] ,e lh pkxyk ,oa ,e , valkjhA vkjksfi;ksa esa rhu fczfV'k ukxfjd Hkh 'kkfey Fks& fQfyi fLçV] cst a kfeu ¶jkafllh czM S yh vkSj ysLVj gfpUluA l= U;k;ky; us tuojh 1933 esa ltk lqukbZ A 27 yksxksa dks fHkUu&fHkUu vof/k;ksa ds fy, tsy dh ltk lqukbZ xbZA vYidky ds fy, rks dE;qfuLV vkUnksyu dks esjB dsl us {kfr igq¡pkbZA ijUrq bu ekeyksa us dE;qfuLVksa dks uk;d cuk fn;k vkSj dE;qfuLVksa us bl dsl dk mi;ksx vius fopkjksa dks çpkfjr djus ds fy, Hkh fd;kA lekpkj i=&if=dkvksa esa U;k;ky; esa dE;qfuLVksa }kjk fn, x, c;kuksa dks foLrkj ls çdkf'kr fd;k x;k vkSj bl çdkj dE;qfuLVksa ds fopkj iwjs ns'k esa QSyAs bu ekeyksa us fczfV'k ljdkj ds f[kykQ Hkkjrh; ;qokvksa esa c<+rh dêjrk dks Hkh çnf'kZr fd;kA ljdkj ds f[kykQ c<+rs gq, vkØks'k dks ns[krs gq, fczfV'k ljdkj dks lu~ 1929 esa lqj{kk v/;kns'k dh ?kks"k.kk djuh iM+hA esjB "kM~;= a dsl ds çHkko ds ckjs esa fy[krs gq, Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds iwoZ egklfpo gjfd'ku flag lqjthr dk dguk gS& Þlu~ 1933 esa esjB dSfn;ksa dh fjgkbZ ds ckn gh dE;qfuLV ikVhZ dk ,d dsUæhd`r ra= vfLrRo esa vk;kA gkyk¡fd esjB "kM~;= a dsl dks dE;qfuLV vkUnksyu dks nckus ds fy, 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk] ijUrq dE;qfuLVksa us bldk mi;ksx vius fopkjksa dk çpkj djus ds fy, fd;kA Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ us viuk ?kks"k.kk i= Hkh tkjh fd;k rFkk dE;qfuLV bUVjus'kuy ls lac/a k LFkkfir fd;kAß eksckby % 09450002128 yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ykgkSj dsl ds nLrkost Hkkjr esa &'kkfyuh tks ' kh ykgkS j "kM~ ; a= ds l ds ewy nLrkost ykgkS j gkbZ d ksVZ esa j[ks gq, gSa Hkkjrh; Lora=rk vkanksyu ds lcls fooknkLin vkSj pfpZr eqdnes ^ykgkSj "kM~;a= dsl* ds dksVZ Vªk;y ds nLrkost igyh ckj Hkkjr yk, x, gSaA bl eqdnes ds nLrkost dh çfr ykgkSj gkbZdksVZ us gfj}kj fLFkr xq#dqy dkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky; dks lkSaih gSA djhc 2000 iUus ds bl nqyZHk nLrkost dks fo'ofo|ky; ds vfrfof'k"V J)kuan laxzgky; esa j[kk x;k gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd vkB vçSy 1929 dks Hkxr flag vkSj cVqds'oj nÙk us fo/kkulHkk esa ce Qsadus ds ckn [kqn gh fxj¶rkjh ns nh FkhA mudk edln Fkk vnkyr dks eap cukdj vius Økafrdkjh fopkjksa dk çlkj djukA ckn esa tc ;g ik;k x;k fd Hkxr flag fczfV'k iqfyl v/kh{kd tsih lk.MlZ dh gR;k esa Hkh 'kkfey Fks rks mu ij vkSj muds nks lkfFk;ksa jktxq# vkSj lq[knso ij ns'kæksg ds lkFk&lkFk gR;k dk Hkh eqdnek pyk tks ykgkSj "kM~;a= dsl ;k Hkxr flag Vªk;y ds uke ls bfrgkl esa fo[;kr gSA

vge nLrkost bu nLrkostksa esa ;g 'kkfey gS fd eqdneksa ds nkSjku Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa us D;k dgk FkkA blds vuqlkj Hkxr flag us vlsacyh esa ce Qsadus ds ckn tks ipsZ Qsads Fks mlesa fy[kk Fkk] Þfdlh vkneh dks ekjk tk ldrk gS ysfdu fopkj dks ughaAß ^cM+s lkezkT;ksa dk iru gks tkrk gS ysfdu fopkj ges'kk thfor jgrs gSa* vkSj ^cgjs gks pqds yksxksa dks lqukus ds fy, Å¡ph vkokt t:jh gS* tSlh ckrsa Hkh ipksaZ esa fy[kh FkhaA gekjs fy, ;g xoZ dh ckr gSA fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk xqtjkaoyk esa gh gqbZ Fkh tks vc ikfdLrku esa gSA eSa ikfdLrku ds eq[; U;k;k/kh'k ds fuea=.k ij ykgkSj x;k gqvk FkkA ogk¡ mUgksua s og d{k vkSj fjd‚MZ fn[kk, tks bl eqdnes yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ls tqM+s gq, FksA eSaus bldh ,d çfr ds fy, vuqjks/k fd;k vkSj eq>s [kq'kh gS fd ikfdLrku gkbZdksVZ us bls Lohdkj dj fy;kA ¼çksQslj Lora= dqekj] dqyifr] dkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky;½ bfrgkldkj dgrs gSa fd blh ?kVuk ds ckn mu ij ns'kæksg dk eqdnek pyk ftlus ,dckjxh iwjs fczfV'k jkt dks FkjkZ fn;k Fkk vkSj ns'k Hkj esa tu&vkØks'k meM+ iM+k FkkA fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr çksQl s j Lora= dqekj bu nLrkostksa dks Hkkjr yk, tkus dks cM+h miyfC/k ekurs gSaA os dgrs gSa] ÞdbZ ckj vkneh dke djrk gS vkSj mls vatke irk ugha gksrk ysfdu bu rhu ;qodksa dk tTck ns[kdj yxrk gS fd mUgksua s vatke gh lcls vkxs j[kk vkSj Qk¡lh ds fy, gh rS;kjh dhAß ik¡p ebZ 1930 dks 'kq: gqvk ;g eqdnek 11 flracj 1930 rd pyk FkkA bfrgkldkj dgrs gSa fd ;g eqdnek blfy, Hkh vHkwrioZ Fkk D;ksafd blesa dkuwuh U;k; rks nwj dh ckr U;k; ds çk—frd fl)kar dks Hkh frykatfy ns nh xbZ FkhA ftlds rgr gj vfHk;qä dks viuk i{k j[kus dk volj fn;k tkrk gSA

Hkxr flag laxgz ky; ds funs'kd dgrs gSa fd blls Hkxr flag ij 'kks/k djus okyksa dks enn feysxhA og crkrs gSa fd ljdkj us ,d v/;kns'k fudkydj ,sls vf/kdkj gkfly dj fy, ftldh enn ls og xokgh ds lkekU; fu;eksa vkSj vihy ds vf/kdkj ds fcuk Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa ij eqdnek pyk ldrh FkhA reke fojks/kh Lojksa vkSj xka/kh th ds vkxzg ds ckotwn 23 ekpZ 1931 dks rhuksa dks Qk¡lh ij yVdk fn;k x;kA bu nLrkostksa esa iqfyl vf/kdkfj;ksa dk i{k vkSj ttksa dh fVIif.k;ksa ds lkFk vnkyr dh gj dk;Zokgh dk foLrkj ls o.kZu gSA ttksa dk QSlyk lfgr iwjh dk;Zokgh Qkjlh esa fy[kh xbZ gS gkykafd uke vaxzsth esa fy[ks gq, gSaA laxzgky; ds funs'kd M‚- çHkkr dgrs gS]a ^Hkxr flag dh fopkj/kkjk dks ysdj dbZ /kkj.kk,¡ vkSj ekU;rk,¡ gSa vkSj muds v/;;u esa ;g nLrkost dkQh mi;ksxh gksxkA* &lkHkkj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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vlyh vkrafd;ksa dk inkZQk'k eqYd esa tc Hkh dksbZ vkradoknh geyk gqvk mldk bYtke vk¡[k can djds eqlyekuksa ds lj Fkksi fn;k x;k] ysfdu tc gdhdr lkeus vkbZ rks mu vkradoknh geyksa ds ihNs ,sls yksxksa dk gkFk utj vk;k tks vius vykok fdlh nwljs dks ns'kHkä le>rs gh ugha gSaA la?k ifjokj ;gh igkM+k i<+rk jgrk Fkk fd gj eqlyeku vkradoknh ugha gksrk] ysfdu ftrus Hkh vkradoknh gSa lc eqlyeku gSaA ,slk yx jgk Fkk fd la?k ifjokj ds fy, lkr [kwu ekQ gS vkSj la?k ifjokj ls lfVZfQdsV fy, fcuk dksbZ Hkh Hkkjrh; ns'kHkä gks gh ugha ldrk] ysfdu tc tk¡p dh fn'kk cnyh rks vkradoknh geyksa ds ihNs ,sl& s ,sls psgjs utj vkus yxs] tks la?k ds cgqr gh djhch ekus tkrs FksA nwljksa dks ns'k Hkfä dk vkbZuk fn[kkus

vkradokn dh tc ppkZ gksrh gS rks mDr ce foLQksVksa dh dksbZ ckr ugha djrk gSA tcfd vlyh ng'krxnZ ;gh yksx gSa vkSj bu yksxksa }kjk dh xbZ bu dk;Zokfg;ksa dks D;k vkradh dk;Zokfg;ksa ds lkFk ns'knzkgs ugha dgsxa As ysfdu Hkkjrh; tuekul dk ,d fgLlk bu vkrafd;ksa dh dk;Zokfg;ksa dks xaxk Luku dk ntkZ nsrk gSA xaxk Luku dk ntkZ nsus okys dkSu yksx gSa\ muds psgjs ges'kk jk"Vªh; ifjn`'; esa vk, gSa vkSj os psgjs csxqukg eqlyekuksa dks vkradh crkrs gSAa &lEiknd okys la?k dks tc vkradokn ds vkbZus esa viuk psgjk utj vkus yxk rks og fryfeyk mBk vkSj vc og eqYd ds fgUnw Hkkb;ksa dks xqejkg djus esa yxk gSA la?k fgUnw Hkkb;ksa dks le>kus esa yxk gS fd la?k ds yksx dqN Hkh djsa muds f[kykQ dkjZokbZ ugha dh tk ldrh] blfy, fd la?k ij dkjZokbZ dk eryc fgUnw /keZ ij geyk gSA cgjgky] vkt ds bl laf{kIr ys[k esa eSa vius fgUnw Hkkb;ksa vkSj ikBdksa ds lkeus FkksM+s 'kCnksa esa os ?kVuk,¡ lkeus j[kuk pkgrk gw¡] ftuls ckj&ckj gekjs ns'k dks tw>uk iM+kA vHkh ppkZ dsoy mudh ftudh tk¡p dk fu"d"kZ lkeus vk x;k gS ;k vkrk tk jgk gSA gks ldrk gS 'ks"k ?kVukvksa dh Hkh u, fljs ls Nkuchu gks rks ,slk gh dqN lkeus vk,A ;g dqN felky blfy, fd gekjh ljdkjh vkSj [kqfQ;k ,tsafl;k¡ vkSj fgUnw HkkbZ cgu ;g vanktk dj ldsa fd mu ce /kekdksa ds ckn fdu yksxksa dks langs ds vk/kkj ij fxj¶rkj fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj tc lp lkeus vk;k rks fduds psgjs lkeus vk,A yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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ekysxk¡o /kekdk ¼8 flrEcj 2006½ 37 grkgr 'kq: esa tks yksx fxj¶rkj gq,] os lYeku Qkjlh] Qk:d vCnqYyk e[knweh] jbZl vgen] uw#ygqnk] 'kElqygqnk] 'kCchj chM+h okys FksA ckn dh tk¡p % 2008 ds ekysxk¡o ce /kekdksa esa fgUnw vkradokfn;ksa ds lkeus vkus ds ckn vU; ekeyksa esa Hkh 'kd dh lqbZa fgUnw vkradokfn;ksa ij gh xbZ] bu lc vkradokfn;ksa ds rkj fdlh u fdlh :i esa vkj,l,l ls tk feyrs gSaA

le>kSrk ,Dlçsl ce /kekdk ¼18 Qjojh 2007½ 68 grkgr vf/kdrj ikfdLrkuh ukxfjd vkjfEHkd tkap esa y'dj rFkk tS'k&,&eqgEen ij vkjksi yxk;k x;k vkSj bl flyflys esa ikfdLrkuh ukxfjd vter vyh dks fxj¶rkj fd;k x;kA ckn dh tk¡p esa lkeus vk;k fd bu ?kVukvksa ds ihNs fgUnw vkradoknh gks ldrs gSAa bu /kekdksa esa tks i)fr ç;ksx dh xbZ gS] og eDdk efLtn ds /kekdksa ls feyrh gqbZ gSA bl ekeys esa iqfyl dks vkj,l,l ds çpkjd lanhi Mkaxs rFkk jketh ds uke lkeus vk,A

eDdk efLtn /kekdk ¼18 ebZ 2007½ 14 O;fä;ksa dh e`R;q vkjEHk esa LFkkuh; iqfyl us 80 eqfLye ;qodksa dks fxj¶rkj fd;k vkSj muls iwNrkN dh xbZ] ftuesa ls 25 O;fä;ksa dks fxj¶rkj dj fy;k x;k] dksbZ lcwr u feyus ij buesa ls bczkghe tquSn] 'kq,sc tkxhjnkj] bejku [kku rFkk eksgEen vCnqy gdhe bR;kfn dks lEekuiwoZd cjh dj fn;k x;kA ckn dh tk¡p ds ckn tks ifj.kke lkeus vk;k og bl çdkj gS %& 2010 esa lhchvkbZ us ?kks"k.kk dh fd og bl ekeys esa 2 vfHk;qäksa ds ckjs esa lgh lwpuk nsus okyksa dks 10 yk[k #i;s dk buke nsxhA fQj bl ekeys esa lanhi Mkaxs] jke pUæ dkyflaxk rFkk yksds'k 'kekZ dks fxj¶rkj fd;k x;kA budk Hkh fj'rk la?k ls crk;k tkrk gSA

vtesj 'kjhQ /kekdk ¼11 väwcj 2007½ 3 grkgr tSlk fd vf/kdka'k ce /kekdksa ds ckn gksrk jgk gSA igys gwth] y'dj ij /kekdksa dk vkjksi yxk;k x;k rFkk ftu yksxksa dks fxj¶rkj fd;k x;k os Hkh eqlyeku gh Fks] muesa vCnqy gQht] 'kehe] [kq'khmjZgeku] bejku vyh 'kkfey FksA 806 i`"Bksa ij vk/kkfjr vkjksi i= esa tks jktLFkku ,Vh,l us ,Mh'kuy phQ twfMf'k;y eftLVªsV dh vnkyr esa nkf[ky dh gS] blesa 5 vfHk;qäksa ds uke Mkys x, gSaA vfHkuo Hkkjr ds nsosUæ xqIrk] yksds'k 'kekZ vkSj pUæ'ks[kj gSaA ;s iqfyl dh fgjklr esa gSa] tcfd lanhi Mkaxs rFkk jketh dkyklkaxk Qjkj crk;s tkrs gSa ftudk lEcU/k vkj,l,l ls jgk gSA

Fkk.ks ce /kekdk ¼4 twu 2008½ fgUnw tu tkx`fr lfefr rFkk lukru laLFkk bl /kekds ds ihNs crkbZ tkrh gSa blesa jes'k guqear xMdjh vkSj eaxs'k fnudj fude fxj¶rkj fd, x, yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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FksA bu /kekdksa dk mís'; fQYe ^tks/kk vdcj* ds çn'kZu ds fo#) fojks/k trkuk FkkA

dkuiqj rFkk ukansM+ ce /kekds ¼vxLr 2008½ dkuiqj esa ctjax ny ds 2 lnL; jktho feJk] HkwiUs æ flag ce cukrs le; /kekdk gksus ls ekjs x, FksA vçSy 2006 esa ,u jktdksM a okj vkSj ,p ikuls ukanM s + esa ce cukrs le; ekjs x, Fks] os nksuksa Hkh ctjax ny ds FksA

ekysxk¡o&2 ¼29 flrEcj 2008½ 7 grkgr vkjEHk esa dgk x;k Fkk fd bl /kekds esa bafM;u eqtkfgnhu 'kkfey gS ijUrq ckn esa vfHkuo Hkkjr rFkk jk"Vªh; tkxj.k eap ds fyIr gksus dh ckr lkeus vkbZA mlesa çKk flag Bkdqj] duZy iqjksfgr vkSj Lokeh vfEcdkuan nsorhFkZ ¼n;kuan ik.Ms½ fxj¶rkj gq,A ;gh og ce /kekds Fks] ftudh tk¡p 'kghn gsear djdjs dj jgs Fks vkSj ftlls vkradokfn;ksa dk og psgjk lkeus vk;k] ftlds ckjs esa igys lkspk gh ugha tkrk FkkA ysfdu tSls&tSls tk¡p vkxs c<+rh xbZ ijrsa [kqyrh xbZaA vxj 26@11 ds vkradoknh geys esa gseUr djdjs 'kghn u gksrs rks 'kk;n vkt vkradokn dk ;g lEiw.kZ usVodZ gekjs lkeus gksrkA fQj Hkh muds tkus ds ckn Hkh ;g flyflyk #dk ugha gSA vtesj ce /kekds dh tkap dk ifj.kke gekjs lkeus gS] ftlls la?k dh uhan gjke gks xbZ gSA

xksok /kekdk ¼16 väwcj 2009½ bl /kekds esa tks 2 O;fä ekjs x,] os lukru laLFkk ds dk;ZdrkZ Fks] ejus okys ekyxksaMk ikfVy rFkk ;ksxs'k uk;d ml le; ekjs x, Fks tc os foLQksVd inkFkZ ysdj LdwVj ls tk jgs Fks vkSj mlesa vpkud /kekdk gks x;kA ftl le; ukansM+] dkuiqj rFkk xksok esa ce cukrs ;k ys tkrs gq, ;s yksx grkgr gq,] vxj mlh le; gekjh [kqfQ;k ,tsfa l;ksa rFkk ,Vh,l us eqLrSnh ls dke fy;k gksrk rks lEiw.kZ usVodZ dk inkZQk'k gks ldrk Fkk] ;k de ls de fdl ekufldrk ds yksxksa dk dkjukek Fkk vkSj fdl Lrj ds yksx bu "kMîa=ksa esa fyIr gSa] ;g lkeus vk ldrk FkkA ckr dsoy dqN yksxksa ds idM+s tkus ;k ,d Mk;jh esa dqN uke fy[ks gksus dh ugha gS] cfYd vly ckr ;g gS fd vkradokn dk ;g flyflyk Fke D;ksa ugha jgk Fkk\ 'kk;n blfy, fd geus bl fn'kk esa dHkh lkspk gh ugha Fkk] ftl fn'kk esa vkt u dsoy lkspk tk jgk gS] cfYd dk;kZUo;u djus dk ç;kl Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA fu%langs 26 uoEcj 2008 dks gqvk vkradoknh geyk vR;ar foMEcukiw.kZ rFkk 'keZukd Fkk] ysfdu mlds ckn ls vxj NksVs&NksVs ekeyksa dh ppkZ u dh tk, rks dgk tk ldrk gS fd yxHkx fiNys nks o"kksZa esa ns'k fdlh cM+s vkradoknh geys dk f'kdkj ugha gqvkA D;k bldk ,d dkj.k ;g Hkh gS fd vc vkradokn esa fyIr og psgjs lkeus vkus yxs gSaA &lkHkkj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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vlyh ns'k HkDr &iq"isUnz dqekj flag tc ns'k ijra= Fkk rc geus dqckZfu;k¡ nha] gekjs yksx tsyksa esa dSn Fks ogha tks yksx fczfV'k lkezkT; okn dh eq[kfcjh dj mudh xksn esa [ksy jgs Fks vkt ogh yksx lcls cM+s ns'kHkDr vius dks lkfcr djrs gSa] eksnh dh uhfr;ksa dk fojks/k ns'k dk fojks/k ?kksf"kr djus dk pyu vkjEHk gks pqdk gSA ;g ogh rcdk gS tks fczfV'k lkezkT;okn dk leFkZd Fkk vkSj vc vejhdh lkezkT;okn dk ,ts.V gSA yksdla?k"kZ if=dk x.kra= fnol 2017 ds volj ij is'kkoj "kM~;= a dsl] esjB "kM~;a= dsl o dkuiqj "kM~;a= dsl ij laf{kIr :i ls izdk'k Mky jgk gS vkSj udyh ns'k HkDrksa dks pqukSrh ns jgk gS fd vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa mudk dksbZ ;ksxnku jgk gks rks crkosaA

is'kkoj "kM~;a= dsl fczfV'k iqfyl us lu~ 1921 esa lkE;okfn;ksa] jk"Vªh; ØkfUrdkfj;ksa] Lora=rk laxzke lsukfu;ksa dks dkjkxkjksa esa fu#) djus ds fy, ik¡p "kM~;= a dslksa dh lajpuk dhA bu dslksa esa igyk eqdnek vUrxZr /kkjk&121, Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds rgr 25 flrEcj 1921 dks eks0 vdcj rFkk muds firk cgknqj ¼frCcrh ukSdj½ ,oa QthmYyk [kku dks Hkh vfHk;qDr cuk;kA ;g lkE;oknh neu dk dsl ^n Økmu* olsZt eks0 vdcj ,.M vnlZ ftldk QSlyk is'kkoj ls l= U;k;k/kh'k ts0,p0vkj0 Ýslj ¼vkbZ0lh0,l0½ us 31 ebZ 1922 dks lquk;k ftlesa rhu o"kZ dh ltk eks0 vdcj dks] lk/kkj.k dkjkokl ,d o"kZ dh ltk cgknqj o eks0 vdcj ds firk QthmYyk[kku dks nh tcfd bu yksxksa ds f[kykQ dksbZ lk{; o lcwr ugha FkkA blds ckn nwljs dsl esa eks0 vdcj ds lkFk gh eks0 glu cywfpLrku rFkk is'kkoj ds xqyke egcwc dks ltk nh xbZ ftlesa lkr o"kZ dh ltk eks0 vdcj yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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dks vkSj lgvfHk;qDrksa dks ik¡p o"kZ rFkk vU; nks vfHk;qDrksa dks 3 ekg dh ltk 23 vizSy lu~ 1923 dks lqukbZ xbZA rhljk is'kkoj dsl 4 vizSy 1923 dks ^n Økmu olsZt vdcj 'kkg ,.M lkr vU; dks vUrxZr /kkjk 121, Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk l= U;k;ky; esa ,p0vkj0 Ýslj ¼vkbZ0lh0,l0½ us bu yksxksa dks lkE;okn] leFkZd crk;k vkSj vkB yksxksa dks ltk,¡ nhaA vdcj 'kkg xkSgj jgeku ¼vQty½ dks nks o"kZ dh ltk] fQjkstqn~nhu] vCnqy ekftn] gchc vgen] lqYrku eksgEen] jQhd vgen dks ,d o"kZ dh ltk nhA is'kkoj "kM~;a= dsl 10 fnlEcj 1923 dks ^n Økmu olsZt eks0 'kQhd* ds uke ls pyk;k x;k blesa Hkh ltk,¡ nh xbZA ik¡pok¡ okn is'kkoj "kM~;= a ds uke ij lu~ 1927 esa QSty bykgh] dqckZu dk okn pyk;k x;kA ftlesa ik¡p lky dh ltk nh xbZ fdUrq vihyh; dksVZ us ltk dks de djrs gq, rhu lky dj fn;kA Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds fuekZ.k ds igys gh dE;qfuLV fopkjksa ls ySl yksxksa dks fxj¶rkj dj tsyksa esa can djus dk dke izkjEHk gks pqdk FkkA tax&,&vktknh esa tgk¡ lkE;okfn;ksa dk lqugjk bfrgkl jgk gS] ogha vkt dy ds dfFkr ns'kHkDrksa dk psgjk ges'kk dkfy[k ls iqrk utj vkrk gSA ogha dkuiqj "kM~;a= dsl vktknh dh yM+kbZ dks nckus ds fy, detksj djus ds fy, fczfV'k lkezkT;okn us lu~ 1924 esa dkuiqj "kM~;a= dsl ntZ fd;k vkSj mlesa Jhikn ve`r Mkax]s eqt¶Qj vgen] ufyuh xqIrk] ,l0oh0 ?kkVs] jQhd vgen] lkSdr mLekuh] flaxk:cSyw psfV~V;kj] xqyke gqlSu vkfn izeq[k yksxksa dks tsy eas fu#) dj fn;k] bu yksxksa dks pkj o"kZ dh ltk lqukbZA 1929 esa esjB "kM~;a= dsl pykdj ns'k Hkj ds dE;qfuLV ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dks fxj¶rkj dj fy;k x;k ftlesa ds0,u0 lgxy] ,l0,l0 tks'k] ,p0,y0 gftalu] lkSdr mLekuh] ch0,Q0 czM s yh] ,0 izlkn] ih0 LizkV vkSj th0 vf/kdkjh] fefMy jkW] ds0vkj0 feJk] xksiu pØorhZ] fd'kksj yky ?kks"k] ds0,y0 dne] Mh0vkj0 VsaxM+h] xkSjk'kadj] ,l cuthZ] ds0,u0 tksxs ydj] ih0lh0 tks'kh vkSj eqt¶Qj vgen] ,e0th0 nslkbZ] th0 xksLokeh] vkj0,l0 fuedkj] ,l0,l0 fejktdj] ,l0,0 Mkaxs] th0ch0 ?kkVs vkSj xksiky ckld dkss 20 ekpZ 1929 dks vUrxZr /kkjk 121, vkbZ0ih0lh0 ds rgr fxj¶rkj fd;kA l= U;k;ky; us tuojh 1933 dks dqN yksxksa dks vkthou dkjkokl rFkk dqN yksxksa dks 12 o"kZ dh ltk,¡ nhaA cM+h cs'kehZ ds lkFk dfFkr fgUnqRooknh vius dks ns'k HkDr ?kksf"kr djrs gSa rks ;g Hkwy tkrs gSa fd muds fdlh Hkh uk;d us vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa fgLlk gh ugha fy;kA ogh yksx viuh xn~nkjh dks fNikus ds fy, xn~nkj&xn~nkj dk mn~?kks"k t;?kks"k dj jgs gSaA eksc kby % 09453707068 yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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Hkkjr ds egku Økafrdkjh Jhikn ve`r Mkaxs ¼10 vDVwcj 1899&22 ebZ 1991½ Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVÊ ds laLFkkid lnL; rFkk Hkkjrh; etnwj vkUnksyu ds çeq[k usrk FksA fczfV'k 'kkludky esa vaxt sz vfèkdkfj;ksa us mUgsa dE;qfuLV rFkk VªsM ;wfu;u dh xfrfofèk;ksa ds fy, dqy 13 o"kZ ds dkjkokl dh ltk nh FkhA Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds egklfpo dkejsM ih0lh0 tks'kh lqizfl) Økafrdkfj;ksa esa ls ,d Fks vkSj 1929 esa esjB "kM+;= a dsl esa fxj¶rkj gq, Fks vkSj ikap o"kksZa rd dkjkxkj esa fu#) jgs mlds ckn Hkh dbZ ckj vktknh ds vkUnksyu esa tsy x,A Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ dh us=h dYiuk nÙk dk tUe pVxk¡o ¼vc ckaXykns'k½ ds Jhiqj xk¡o esa ,d eè;e oxÊ; ifjokj esa gqvk FkkA pVxk¡o esa vkjfEHkd f'k{kk ds ckn og mPp f'k{kk ds fy, dksydkrk vkbZAa çfl) ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dh thofu;k¡ i<+dj og çHkkfor gqbZa vkSj 'kh?kz gh Lo;a Hkh dqN djus ds fy, vkrqj gks mBhaA 18 vçSy] 1930bZ- dks ^pVxk¡o 'kL=kxkj ywV* dh ?kVuk gksrs gh dYiuk nÙk dksydkrk ls okil pVxk¡o pyh xbZa vkSj ØkfUrdkjh lw;Zlus ds ny ls laidZ dj fy;kA og os'k cnydj bu yksxksa dks xksyk&ck:n vkfn igqp ¡ k;k djrh FkhaA bl chp mUgksua s fu'kkuk yxkus dk Hkh vH;kl fd;kA dkjkokl dh lt+k dYiuk vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa us ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dk eqdnek lquus okyh vnkyr ds Hkou dks vkSj tsy dh nhokj mM+kus dh ;kstuk cukbZA ysfdu iqfyl dks lwpuk fey tkus ds dkj.k bl ij vey ugha gks ldkA iq#"k os'k esa ?kwerh dYiuk nÙk fxj¶rkj dj yh xbZAa ij vfHk;ksx fl) u gksus ij mUgsa NksM+ fn;k x;kA muds ?kj iqfyl dk igjk cSBk fn;k x;kA ysfdu dYiuk iqfyl dks pdek nsdj ?kj ls fudydj ØkfUrdkjh lw;Zlus ls tk feyhaA lw;Zlus fxj¶rkj dj fy, x, vkSj ebZ] 1933 bZ- esa dqN le; rd iqfyl vkSj ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ds chp l'kL= eqdkcyk gksus ds ckn dYiuk nÙk Hkh fxj¶rkj gks xbZAa eqdnek pyk vkSj Q+jojh]1934 bZ- esa lw;Zlus rFkk rkjds'oj nLrhdkj dks Qkalh dh vkSj 21 o"kZ dh dYiuk nÙk dks vkthou dkjkokl dh lt+k gks xbZA 1937bZ- esa tc igyh ckj çns'kksa esa Hkkjrh; eaf=e.My cus rc xkaèkh th] johUæukFk VSxksj vkfn ds fo'ks"k ç;Ruksa ls dYiuk tsy ls ckgj vk ldhaA mUgksua s viuh i<+kbZ iwjh dhA og dE;qfuLV ikVÊ esa lfEefyr gks xbZa vkSj 1943bZ- esa mudk dE;qfuLV usrk iwju pan tks'kh ls fookg gks x;k vkSj og dYiuk tks'kh cu xbZAa ckn esa dYiuk caxky ls fnYyh vk xbZa vkSj ^baMks lksfo;r lkaL—frd lkslk;Vh* esa dke djus yxhaA flrEcj] 1979bZ- esa dYiuk tks'kh dks iq.ks esa ^ohj efgyk* dh mikfèk ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA yyks ksdd lyla a? k"kZ k?sd d a? k k" kfo Z i'fks=" kkad d k f o 'Q k s" kjo k ad jh& 2=0 16fnol Q j o jfo'ks h & 2" kka0 d 16 k"kZi f=lif=dk&2017 x.kra

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