An | Architecture : Catalytic Un-making (Presentation) by ROSHELLE BORN

An ar-chi-tec-ture [catalytic un-making in the urban context]

Roshelle Born, M. Arch Thesis Candidate UW-Milwakee School of Architecture + Urban Planning Committee: D. Hanlon, N. Frankel, + M. Sexton

We find ourselves in transition...

142 stalled projects worldwide 1000m

500m

250m

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tallest 20 buildings on hold (Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat)

capitalism

credit predict object 250m

hope

skyscraper index

preserve mega-project

decay hazard open

uncertainty

carcass

urban ruins

framework

er Ch w To el 20 he i 20 ak a N ub D

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vunerable

EXPOSED safety wrap wait

develop freeze protect prolong

after-big

growth

hubris formalist

progress

|| super-tall 500m

pause icon competition

inactive dormant

Chicago, IL 1000m

Architecture

programming > schematic design > design development > construction documents > construction > pre-occupancy/commissioning > moving > occupancy

> > > stalled x underutilized x inactive

redevelopment

reutilization

demolition

An|Architecture: [catalytic un-making]

an ar-chi-tec-ture [an-ahr-ki-tek-cher] noun 1. 2. 3. 4.

A response to â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;surfaceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; design Completion through removal Completion through collapse Completion through emptiness. origin

Quote from notecard 1146, undated, estate of Gordon Matta-Clark, on deposit at the CCA, Montreal.

story urban ruin

LaSalle St.

Clark St.

Waterview Tower W. Wacker Dr.

111 Chicago, IL

empty lot

Teng designs 88 story mixed-use supertall

Self-financed groundbreaking

08 Construction suspended, 26 flrs

GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS

Stranded Crane Hotel

Parking

09 Lobby 4 Lower Levels

Remaining financiers back-out

FOR SALE:

authentic urban ruin! [pending litigation with Bank of America]

5. This project is not going forward and I donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t work there anymore - sorry. 4. Both contacts declined to meet with you to speak about the project. It seems they arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t interested in discussing the deal... 3. I do not have permission to release information to anyone. I sincerely apologize. 2. I am copying our lawyer on this email. 1. What a nightmare. Good Luck.

Top 5 responses to research requests.... (screen shot of the Watervew Tower website, 12/14/09)

stranded crane exposed concrete

core

overstructured irregular spaces

partial floor plates (mechanical floors)

ramped parking super columns Upper Wacker Lower Wacker

inventory.

(Tom Suarez, Epstein VP Structural Engineering, Former Head Engineer at Teng)

Chicago Condo-Hotel Market SOLD | UNSOLD

256

Trump International

188

Elysian Hotel

Condo-hotel plan dropped

252

Mandarin Oriental

Project scrapped

200

Shangri-La Hotel

Shangri-La backed out; Construction stopped

454

Hotel 71 297

James Hotel 253

Ambassador East 175

Hotel Raffaello Canyon Ranch

128

162

Hotel Black/Nicky-0

Existing hotel; bankruptcy Existing hotel; conversion dropped Existing hotel; conversion dropped Existing hotel; project sold out Project scrapped

213

Amalfi Hotel

Aldens Hotel

Few units sold in the past 3 years

Existing hotel; conversion dropped Existing hotel; bankruptcy Bankruptcy

continue as designed. (Crainâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Reporting, Interview with Todd Rich + Vicky Noonan at Tishman Speyer)

20%

35 15

Core : Total Floor Area

19 75

- Crane, - Structure, - Floor Plates, - Intended Use

[undeveloped]

redevelop. (Tom Suarez, formerly Lead Engineer on Waterview Tower)

growth

capitalism

freeze protect

progress

vunerable

prolong

inactive safety

predict

object

develop

hazard open

wait credit

uncertainty.... market

structure

EXPOSED

carcass recession framework

preserve. prolong. decay.

The Stump, Toronto

preserve. prolong. decay.

88,000 sq ft glass curtain wall 39,000 sq ft aluminum panels 1.8 million cu ft concrete demolition.

disintegration//integration MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 2012

THE RECESSION IS OVER!!!!!

4 conclude//continue sculptural demolition >> material reutilization >> riverwalk extension >> cultural catalyst >> urban revitalization >> identity building >> positive momentum >> challenge for future development

speculation//spectacle

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;We need an immediate solution that covers the negative reminder and brings cultural activity westward, keeping in mind the future development of the Riverfront.â&#x20AC;&#x2122; (Ty Tabing Executive Director of the Chicago Loop Alliance)

Districts

Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Confluence District The area located around the confluence of the Main, North and South branches of the Chicago River, bounded by Franklin/Orleans, Lake and Kinzie Streests.

(SOM, Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan-2009)

Arcade District

Civic District

Market District

The area identified by historic esplanades and river-level arcade located between Franklin and State Streets.

Located between State Street and Stetson Avenue that is the primary concentration area for tour boat and other visitor activities. This area i anchored by Michigan Avenue and state Street, also having a historic explanade.

Area east of Stetson Avenue to the Lakefront.

The Riverwalk extension will allow people to travel the Riverwalk uninterrupted, without having to climb up and down steps to pass bridges.

Expand cultural activity westward ARCADE DISTRICT

THEATER DISTRICT

CIVIC DISTRICT

6,750 Residents

2,000 Hotel Rooms

15,000 Pedestrians/day on Wacker Dr.

48,000 Office Workers

1.8 million annual patrons in Theater District. Michigan Ave.

Wabash Ave

State St.

Dearborn St.

Clark St.

LaSalle St.

Wells St.

Franklin St.

(Ty Tabing Executive Director of the Chicago Loop Alliance)

1 Sculptural Deconstruction

Cultural Catalyst

Material Reutilization

25â&#x20AC;&#x2122; Riverwalk Extension

Speculation // Spectacle

As the building is sculpturally deconstructed the circumstances of the project and demolition are no longer viewed as a negative process but a celebration for cultural creation, urban revitalization, identity building, and positive momentum, opening up to the future possibilities of the site.

Speculation // Spectacle

Clark Street Perspective.

design (not so) brief.

Embrace Change, Speed + Brevity. Parallel to the shift away from a sense of self dependent upon a stable physical place to a sense of self cultivated through a multiplicity of experience, art, as a virtual place, is no longer characterized by rootedness but by responsiveness and interconnectivity. This shift calls for an infrastructure that supports an alteration of stillness and motion, stability and change, place and space. A Sensitive Receptor. Art is a response to a highly specific set of temporal, spatial and theoretical cues. The honesty of the response strengthens the possibility for the work to serve as a catalyst in the urban environment and as a model for future critical engagements and interventions. Both the art and architecture of the building are unified in their attempt to seek a relational aesthetic, where collaboration is central to the creation of meaning, and the physical process is more important than the perfected vision. The building as such will serve as a dynamic and sensitive receptor of the site over time, heightening the awareness of the viewer to the environment. Engage the audience as particiapants. There is a deep-seated sense that the grounds for art are shifting beyond the territory ordinarily prescribed for art, likely for reasons more pragmatic than romantic. Historically, especially during periods of economic recession, similar moves have been made by artists. In the past, there were attempts to initiate dialogue with easily distributed mediums such as photography and video, as well as through un-distributable ones, such as happenings or earthworks. The former attempted to engage the popular culture, while the latter sought to exclude it; though both sought to reveal the hidden agendas of popular media. Today, however, the nature of popular media is participatory, shifting the focus from the â&#x20AC;&#x153;revealâ&#x20AC;? to engagement. Create Opportunities. The Futurists called for the demolition of libraries and museums in their manifesto published in 1909, exactly 100 years prior . The art museum is dying. Just as monumental train stations were built as heroic last efforts to resuscitate an antiquated idea, the Bilbao Effect has defined the edifice complex of declining interest and patronage in the museum arts. Artists need to capture new venues in which to exist critically in the public domain that reflects the current complex set of circumstances. Jump Fences. Increasingly, current practice demands a collapse of traditional notions of disciplines, categories and boundaries. Encouraging the intersection of thought and use of any media lets go of determinist ideas of the finite, the permanent, and the utilitarian and is suggestive of artifacts and environments that are constantly adapting.

The Framework.

South Facade.

Crowdsourced Development.

Street Level Charrette.

Speculation // Spectacle

Exhibition Space

Speculation // Spectacle

25â&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Speculation // Spectacle

Systems-Based Needs Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Confluence District -New riverfront greenspace, -Accessible Access -Landmark structure suitable for a variety of uses, such as a waterfront restaurant.

(SOM, Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan-2009)

passive

sculpture garden, water features

active vendors, events

Arcade District -Shared vendor storage, -Public restrooms -Accessible access, -Increased visibility, -Transitory boat launch.

Civic District -Improved accessible access, -Concentration of tourism activities to support riverwalk businesses.

Market District -Flexible use structure beneath Wacker Drive that is suitable for public market or other commerical activities.

Strategic Opportunities -The Arcade District is central on the Riverwalk, and Waterview Tower is centrally located within this district. -The Arcade District takes its name from the architectural detailing that separates the riverfront from Wacker Drive.

Arcade District

-The Arcades are not visible from other Riverwalk Districts nor from Wacker Drive. -60% of pedestrians walk on the south side of the street, away from the riverwalk

Center

-Lower Wacker Drive is dark and noisy. State St.

Dearborn St.

Clark St.

LaSalle St.

Wells St.

Franklin St.

Positive Identity Building

Visible, Accessible Connection

Urban Revitalization

disintegration//integration

Water Feature

disintegration//integration

Arcades

disintegration//integration

Storage Space

disintegration//integration

Restrooms

disintegration//integration

Transient Boat Dock

disintegration//integration

Material Reuse

Materials partially ordered

Complete in China

Complete in Bensonville, Il

disintegration//integration

(Bryan Sullivan, Shenyang Yuanada)

Aluminum Grating

Felt

(high capillarity and homogenous water distribution)

Metal Frame North Facade

(reuse existing aluminum vents from curtainwall)

East Facade

Plant Material

(unique to light and water conditions)

PVC South Facade

West Facade

disintegration//integration

(1 cm for waterproofing and rigidity)

(Vertical Garden Construction-Patric LeBlanc)

*Patrick Blanc, Vertical Gardens

sculptural demolition >> material reutilization >> riverwalk extension >> cultural catalyst >> urban revitalization >> identity building >> positive momentum >> challenge for future development

disintegration//integration

Full-scale curtain wall mock-ups, Miami, Florida

disintegration//integration

Active Area - Arcade District Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

(SOM, Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan-2009)

disintegration//integration

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 2012

THE RECESSION IS OVER!!!!!

FOR SALE!

The last riverfront hole of Wacker Dr. in the vibrant Arcade District! Amenities include: A distinctive pedestrian connection to Chicago Riverwalk gardens, boat docks, and artisan shops, as well as one of the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best art collections!

conclude//continue

Make no little plans. Daniel Burnham, Chicago architect. (1864-1912)

BIG, Yes Is More: An Archicomic on Architectural Evolution. Evergreen. November 11, 2009. Brandl, Mark Staff. “Artists Write: Thinking While Making Things,” Proximity No. 2, 2008, 20-22 Bruce Mau Design. Cattelan, Maurizio. Untitled, 2007. Taxidermied horse skin, fiberglass resin, 118 1/8 x 66 7/8 x 31 1/2 in. Courtesy Marian Goodman Gallery, New York Images. Cotter, Holland. “The Boom is Over, Long Live the Art”, February 12, 2009. nytimes.com Mark Dalton. Chicago’s Bohemian Rhapsody: more on how artists (and art) affect neighborhoods. http://yochicago.com/today/urban-planning/art-effects-in-east-garfield-park_4112/. Posted 3/7/2007. Eliasson, Olafur. The New York City Waterfalls. http://www.nycwaterfalls.org/#/about_the_waterfalls/Eliasson_on_Waterfalls Gillick, Liam. Three perspectives and a short scenario. Exhibition October 10, 2009 - January 10, 2010. Griffin, Tim. Uses and Abuses in ArtForum, XLVII, No. 7, March 2009. 47. Kuma, Kengo. AA Words Two: Anti-Object?: The Dissolution and Disintegration of Architecture. AA Publications. May 10, 2007 LeBlanc, Patrick. Vertical Gardens. http://www.verticalgardenpatrickblanc.com/ Lee, Pamela M. Object to Be Destroyed: The Work of Gordon Matta-Clark. MIT Press. 105. Matta-Clark, Gordon. Interviewed by Liza Bear, “Splitting, The Humphrey Street House,” p. 34. Noonan, Vicky. Managing Director: Director of Leasing, Tishman Speyer, Chicago, IL. Interview on Pallasma, Juhani. The Eyes of the Skin: Architecture and the Senses (Polemics). John Wiley and Sons. 1996. Reiser + Umemoto. Atlas of Novel Tectonics. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. 2006. Serra, Richard. Vortex 2002. Cor-ten steel, 67 ft 10 in. Rich, Todd. Managing Director: Asset Management, Tishmany Speyer, Chicago, IL. Interview on SOM, OWP/P. Chicago Riverwalk: Main Branch Framework Plan. for the Chicago Department of Zoning and Planning and the Chicago Department of Transportation. July 2009. Suarez, Tom. Eptsein Vice President, Director of Structural Engineering. Interview on Sullivan, Bryan. USA Director, Shenyang Yuanda, Shanghai. Email Correspondence. Tabing, Ty. Executive Director of the Chicago Loop Alliance. Interview on 10.14.2009 Tuan, Yi-Fu. Place, Art, and Self. University of Virginia Press. September 30, 2004. Wikipedia: Nicolas Bourriaud. Retrieved on October 19, 2009 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Bourriaud.

selected bibliography.

Thesis Advisors: Don Hanlon (Chair), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Neil Frankel, FAIA, Frankel + Coleman, Chicago, IL Mark Sexton, FAIA, Krueck + Sexton, Chicago, IL

I would like to extend a special thanks to my parents, Roy and Shelley, and brother, Lucas, for being so supportive throughout this experience.

thanks!

stranded crane

story urban ruin

Chicago Condo-Hotel Market

exposed concrete

142 stalled projects worldwide

core

LaSalle St.

Clark St.

diagrams.

1000m

SOLD | UNSOLD

Waterview Tower

Canyon Ranch

To el 20 he i 20 ak a N ub D

In lm 3 e Pa rr p To m 1 ru 201 ma 1 e T ai na 01 e 2 Th ub Pa y 2 orr os D e Cit aT nd sd a m 1 ro am na 01 Co Fa an Pa y 2 l + P e it te C o sd a H ro am ns 1 Fa an so 01 P ea 2 S rk ur Yo Fo ew N n e io an Vis risb B ra er w ne To ta r M ai os I& ub e C 10 owe D rr 0 T 2 e To o n ag rad T Graanti t’l S In 10 n 20 nji jin Tiaian 10 T 20 II sia w m ra co riu 1 Eu os ta 01 M neity 2 Pla C er e a rr am ow T To an P w ie 2 rv o er ate ag w W hic To C ara r T m ai p e La ub scra D y Sk e ai Th ub I D m al riu 1 ntr ta 01 Ce neity 2 e Pla C orr e a rr am aT r m 1 To an P na 01 we Pa 2 To e City al s d a pit ro am a 10 Fa an re C 20 P a y u it Sq C er 1 e ait Th uw Tow K ra Ctr Ta on m ai nti La ub ve D on 2 C 01 ha a 2 Do oh ire D Sp 14 o 20 ag o ic ag Ch hic er C w

er w To t’l

Chicago, IL

(Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat)

Aldens Hotel

inventory.

(Tom Suarez, Epstein VP Structural Engineering, Former Head Engineer at Teng)

Existing hotel; project sold out Project scrapped

213

Existing hotel; conversion dropped

162

Hotel Black/Nicky-0

Upper Wacker Lower Wacker

Existing hotel; conversion dropped

175 128

Amalfi Hotel

Existing hotel; bankruptcy Existing hotel; conversion dropped

253

Ambassador East Hotel Raffaello

tallest 20 buildings on hold

Shangri-La backed out; Construction stopped

297

James Hotel

super columns

111

Project scrapped

454

Hotel 71

250m

W. Wacker Dr.

Condo-hotel plan dropped

200

Shangri-La Hotel

ramped parking

Few units sold in the past 3 years

252

Mandarin Oriental

partial floor plates (mechanical floors)

188

Elysian Hotel

irregular spaces

500m

256

Trump International

overstructured

Existing hotel; bankruptcy

Bankruptcy

continue as designed. (Crain’s Reporting, Interview with Todd Rich + Vicky Noonan at Tishman Speyer)

disintegration//integration MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 2012

THE RECESSION IS OVER!!!!!

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 2012

THE RECESSION IS OVER!!!!!

Sculptural Deconstruction

conclude//continue

Cultural Catalyst

FOR SALE!

speculation//spectacle

Material Reutilization

phases.

Districts

25’ Riverwalk Extension

Speculation // Spectacle

ARCADE DISTRICT

THEATER DISTRICT

CIVIC DISTRICT

Amenities include: A distinctive pedestrian connection to Chicago Riverwalk gardens, boat docks, and artisan shops, as well as one of the city’s best collections of public art!

disintegration//integration

Systems-Based Needs

Expand cultural activity westward

Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

The last riverfront hole of Wacker Dr. in the vibrant Arcade District!

Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

passive

sculpture garden, water features

Strategic Opportunities

active vendors, events

-The Arcade District is central on the Riverwalk, and Waterview Tower is centrally located within this district. -The Arcade District takes its name from the architectural detailing that separates the riverfront from Wacker Drive.

6,750 Residents

-60% of pedestrians walk on the south side of the street, away from the riverwalk

15,000 Pedestrians/day on Wacker Dr.

Center

-Lower Wacker Drive is dark and noisy. Market District -Flexible use structure beneath Wacker Drive that is suitable for public market or other commerical activities.

State St.

Civic District -Improved accessible access, -Concentration of tourism activities to support riverwalk businesses.

Clark St.

(Information: SOM, Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan-2009)

Arcade District -Shared vendor storage, -Public restrooms -Accessible access, -Increased visibility, -Transitory boat launch.

Dearborn St.

Confluence District -New riverfront greenspace, -Accessible Access -Landmark structure suitable for a variety of uses, such as a waterfront restaurant.

LaSalle St.

Michigan Ave.

State St.

ask away.

(Ty Tabing Executive Director of the Chicago Loop Alliance)

Wabash Ave

(SOM, Chicago Riverwalk Masterplan-2009)

1.8 million annual patrons in Theater District. Clark St.

Area east of Stetson Avenue to the Lakefront.

LaSalle St.

Market District

Dearborn St.

Civic District

The area identified by historic esplanades and river-level arcade located between Franklin and State Streets.

Franklin St.

Arcade District

Wells St.

Confluence District The area located around the confluence of the Main, North and South branches of the Chicago River, bounded by Franklin/Orleans, Lake and Kinzie Streests.

Franklin St.

48,000 Office Workers

Wells St.

maps.

Arcade District

-The Arcades are not visible from other Riverwalk Districts nor from Wacker Drive.

2,000 Hotel Rooms