Imperial Eagle in the Tatarstan Republic from 2012 to 2018

Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) in the Tatarstan Republic from 2012 to 2018 Rinur Bekmansurov Foto Rinur Bekmansurov and Nadezhda Bekmansurova

Tatarstan Republic - the territory of monitoring. Area 67 847 km ²

Distribution of the Imperial Eagle in the Second Decade of the 21st Century The database contains information on 181 habitats in the nesting period (http://rrrcn.ru/birdwatching/ web-gis) Currently known 125 nests.

The probable number is 190 to 210 breeding pairs.

Variants of location of nests in landscapes

Nesting biotopes (habitats) (n=125)

Nests in the fringe areas of forest tracts Nests in an artifical forest line 8

5

7

49 21

Nests on single trees or groups of trees Nests in strips of forest in floodplains of small rivers and streams

35

Nests on power transmission towers Nests on rural cemeteries

Most nests are located near the settlements

View from the nest

Nest in a rural cemetery

Distans bitween nests

6,4 km, min 2,2 km

8,2 km min 6,8 km 4,2 km 6,45 km min 3,1 km

Spermophilus major

min 2 km

4,4 km, min 3,2 km

Dependence of the density of breeding sites on the distribution of the main food resource • А. Density of nesting sites

• В. Spermophilus major in food remains of eagles

High numbers in the southeast of Tatarstan are also associated with supplementary feeding

• The territory of distribution of Marmota bobak

The territory with the highest density of nesting and at the same time the greatest adaptation to anthropogenic conditions

nest

nest

nest

Species of nesting trees (n=152) 10

5

3

2 1

Pine (Pinus sylvestris) Birch (Betula sp.)

12 70

Linden (Tilia cordata) Poplar (Populus nigra) Alder (Alnus glutinosa) Elm (Ulmus laevis)

45

Oak (Quercus robur) Spruce (Picea abies)

Nestlings 2 – 4 july 2014

Normal Foto 3.07.2014 (5-7 days) Сроки кладки: конец мая

9.07.2014

6.07.2014

12.07.2014

9.07.2013

8.07.2013

22.07.2016

23.07.2016 (65-70 days)

23.07.2018

22.07.2016

Результаты успеха размножения Aquila heliaca в Татарстане Year

Numbe r of checke d nests

Numbe r of active nesting sites 29

Numbe r of success ful nests 26

% of successful nests

70,3

89

89

2012

37

Numbe r of busy nesting sites 29

2013

56

55

54

29

51,8

52,7

53,7

2014

79

68

60

50

63,3

73,5

83,3

2015

88

74

55

53

60,2

71,6

96,4

2016

70

59

48

37

52,9

62,7

77

2017

100

84

66

56

56

66,7

84,8

2018

102

72

59

51

50

70,8

86,4

% from % from % from all busy active

1,4 m

2m

2012 2018

Distance nests change (between old and new nests) 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1

3

5

7

9

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

29

31

33

35

n

• n=39 • min – 10 m • max – 3600 m

30 25 20 15 n 10 5 0 0 - 500 m

501 1000 m

1001 1500 m

1501 4000 m

37

39

n=2

18.07.2014

2016

Cessation of reproduction

The death of eggs

?????

Cessation of reproduction as a result of anthropogenic influence

Year

Average number nestlings in nests older than 30 days M±SD

Number of nests with three nestlings

The proportion of nests with three nestlings from successful nests

2012

1.77±0.59

2

7.69% (n=26)

2013

1.72±0.66

3

10.34% (n=29)

2014

1.75±0.65

7

14% (n=50)

2015

1.78±0.67

6

11.32% (n=53)

2016

1.62±0.56

1

2.7% (n=37)

2017

1.45±0.5

-

-

2018

1.5±0.58

2

3.92% (n=51)

Foto Mr Ashutosh Pai

• 365 birds were ringed • 16 returns rings

Sizes of eggs, mm (n=22) 72,6

56,2

74,2

56,6

70,6

57,0

72,4

57,0

70,5

57,5

75,0

55,0

74,0

55,0

72,5

56,0

74,1

57,3

74,0

57,1

73,5

56,4

78,2

59,5

76,9

57,5

69,9

55,2

75,8

56,4

68,6

55,2

73,1

57,9

71,3

57,0

75,0

58,0

76,4

60,0

78,4

57,7

67,7

56,2

In the diet there are 23 species of birds and 9 mammals

Mammals in the diet of the Imperial Eagle Большой суслик

Spermophilus major

Обыкновенный сурок

Marmota bobak

Обыкновенный еж

Erinaceus europaeus

Заяц-русак

Lepus europaeus

Обыкновенная полевка Серая крыса

Microtus arvalis

Лисица

Vulpes vulpes

Хорь

Mustela sp.

Домашняя кошка

Félis silvéstris cátus

Rattus norvegicus

Erinaceus europaeus Hedgehog (обыкновенный ёж)

Corvidae in the diet of the Aquila heliaca Rook (грач) Magpie (сорока) Raven (ворон) Jackdaw (галка) Hooded crow (серая ворона) Jay (сойка)

Corvus frugilegus Pica pica Corvus corax Corvus monedula Corvus cornix Garrulus glandarius

Raptors in the diet of the Aquila heliaca Circus pygargus Buteo buteo Pernis apivorus Milvus migrans Falco tinnunculus

Asio flammeus in the diet of the Aquila heliaca

Grey heron (Ardea cinerea) and Domestic bird in the diet of the Aquila heliaca

Thanks!

For assistance in conducting research Томаевой И.Ф., Костину Е.С., Бекмансуровой Н.В., Бекмансурову И.Р., Рахматуллину Р.Ф., Кутушеву Р.А., Лебедеву Ю.,Жукову Д.В., Галееву А.Ш., сотрудникам Волжско-Камского заповедника.