Golden Eagle Electrocutions – A Global Problem II International Scientific and Practical Conference Altai Kray, Russia September 7-10, 2018
Rick Harness, Certified Wildlife Biologist Libby Mojica, Certified Wildlife Biologist EDM International, Inc. 4001 Automation Way Fort Collins, CO 80525 USA (970) 204-4001 rharness@edmlink.com
2018 EDM International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Presentation may not be duplicated without written permission from EDM International, Inc.
Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
UTILITY & ENGINEERING SERVICES
ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
POWER OPTIMIZATION PRODUCTS
Overcoming utility infrastructure challenges by merging excellence in engineering, science and technology with a passion for client satisfaction.
Rick Harness, Certified Wildlife Biologist EDM International, Inc. 4001 Automation Way | Fort Collins CO 80525 U.S.A. P: 970.204.4001 | F: 970.204.4007 RHarness@edmlink.com | www.edmlink.com
Introduction
The United States has 2,826 electric utility companies!
Why Do We Care? Reliability Regulations Relations Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
Reliability
7.2% of All KNOWN Outages (Duration) are Animal-Caused Plus an Additional 9.5% of All Outages are Unknown!
RELIABILITY
Squirrel Caused Outage – Station Transformer Destroyed
Source: Southern Company
Persistent Problem Electrification of the US and development of the power grid got started in the 1880s and rapidly gained momentum. First reports of eagles electrocuted in 1922 followed by hawks reported electrocuted by 1933.
1972
Despite 45+ years of work‌Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) electrocution on power poles is a global conservation problem with an estimated 504 eagles electrocuted annually in North America!
Golden Eagle - Mongolia
Global Problem Golden Eagles Table 1. Countries beyond North America with peer reviewed studies including Golden Eagle electrocutions.
Country Country
Citations Citations
Bulgaria Bulgaria
Stoychev and Karafeisov 2003 2003 Stoychev and Karafeisov
France France
Bayle 1999, Schürenberg et al. 2010 Bayle 1999, Schürenberg et al. 2010
Germany Germany
Bayle 19991999 Bayle
Hungary
Demeter 2004, Horvath et al. 2008
Kazakhstan
Karyakin and Barabashin 2005, Lasch et al. 2010
Mongolia
Harness et al. 2008, Amartuvshin and Gombobaatar Harness 2008, Amartuvshin and Gombobaatar 2012, Dixon etet al. al. 2013, Gombobaatar et al. 2013
Hungary Kazakhstan Mongolia
Morocco
Morocco
Demeter 2004, Horvath et al. 2008
Karyakin and Barabashin 2005, Lasch et al. 2010 2012, Dixon et al. 2013, Gombobaatar et al. 2013
Amezian et al. 2015
Amezian et al. 2015
Portugal
Infante et al. 2005
Portugal Spain
Infante al. 2005and Castaño 1998, Janss 2000, Bayle 1999,etGuzmán GuilBayle et al. 2011 1999, Guzmán and Castaño 1998, Janss 2000,
Spain Sweden
Perez-Garcia Schürenberg et al. 2010 2010 , Guil et al. 2011
Sweden
Schürenberg et al. 2010
Sergey Vazhov: GOEA Altai Kray
How do animals get electrocuted? Many US and Canada Problems
Other Parts of the World
reliability & innovation
Animal Dimensions are Critical!
152 CM
101 CM
Materials Matter
Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
Wood reliability & innovation
Wood Construction Primary Wir Primary Wir
e-B
e-C
Primary Wir e-A (HOT) 7.2kV
Neutral Wire ..to Ground Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
Electrocutions occur either: 1.Phase-to-Phase or 2.Phase-to-Ground
Primary Wir
e-B
Primary Wir
e-C
Primary Wir e-A (HOT) 7.2kV
Neutral Wire ..to Ground
Electrocutions occur either: 1.Phase-to-Phase or 2.Phase-to-Ground
Primary Wir
e-B
Primary Wir
e-C
Primary Wir e-A (HOT) 7.2kV
A-B M 101 C
Neutral Wire ..to Ground
B-C
Electrocutions occur either: 1.Phase-to-Phase or 2.Phase-to-Ground
Primary Wir
e-B
Primary Wir
e-C
Primary Wir e-A (HOT) 12.47 kV
C Phase - Ground
Neutral Wire ..to Ground
Retrofitting Standard - Wood Retrofit:
Problem:
1
Solution
Conductor Guard (1)
Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
Unit: Tangent reliability & innovation
Manufacturers PVC=polyvinyl chloride, HDPE=high-density polyethylene
MANUFACTURER
MATERIAL
PHONE
WEBSITE
Central Moloney, Inc.
Polypropylene
1-870-247-5320
www.centralmoloneyinc.com
DMX Industries
Polymer
1-314-385-9396
N/A
H.J. Arnett Industries
Polypropylene
1-800-684-9844
www.arnettindustries.com
Hendrix Wire and Cable
Polypropylene
1-603-673-2040
www.hendrix-wc.com
Howard Industries, Inc.
Polymer
1-601-425-3151
www.howard-ind.com
Hubbell Power Systems
Polypropylene
1-573-682-5521
www.hubbellpowersystems.com
InsulBoot
Arbosol PVC
1-800-262-2111
www.insulboot.com
Kaddas
Polymer
1-801-972-5400
www.kaddas.com
Midsun Group
Silicone
1-860-378-0100
www.midsungroup.com
Phoenix
Plastisol
1-905-878-2818
www.phnxmfg.com
Preformed Line Products
Plastisol
1-440-461-5200
www.preformed.com
Rauckman Utility Products
Polymer
1-618-222-7100
www.rauckmanutility.com/
Salisbury
Polyurethane and SALCOR
1-877-406-4501
www.salisburybyhoneywell.com/
TE Connectivity
Polymer
1-336-689-7348
www.te.com
Universal Thermography, Inc.
HDPE
1-888-388-4348
www.thermaguard.com
Warco, Inc.
Ethylene Propylene
1-636-433-2212
www.warcoinc.com
New Construction Raptor-friendly
Golden Eagles – Wyoming USA
reliability & innovation
New Construction Raptor-friendly 10 kV Configuration. Using Wood Poles
Steppe Eagle – Mongolia
reliability & innovation
Materials Matter
10 kV Configuration. Using Concrete Poles Upland Buzzard - Mongolia
Conc./Steel
reliability & innovation
Concrete Steel Construction Primary Wire - B
Ground
Primary Wire - A (HOT) 11 kV
Ground
Primary Wire - C reliability & innovation
Electrocutions occur either: 1.Phase-to-Phase or 2.Phase-to-Ground B A-
BC
reliability & innovation
Electrocutions occur either: 1.Phase-to-Phase or 2.Phase-to-Ground Phase to Ground
Phase to Ground Phase to Ground
reliability & innovation
Electrocutions occur either: 1.Phase-to-Phase or 2.Phase-to-Ground
reliability & innovation
Retrofitting Standard - Concrete Retrofit:
Problem:
1
1
1 Solution
1. Conductor Guard (3)
Unit: Tangent reliability & innovation
New Construction Raptor-friendly Suspension Insulators Avian Construction
Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
reliability & innovation
New Construction Raptor-friendly Suspension Insulators Avian Construction
MAVIR - Hungary
reliability & innovation
50% of all Raptor Carcasses (n=21) were Detected Under Units with Spikes
Spikes
No Stat. Difference Between Bird Deaths at Poles with and without Bird Spikes (one-tailed test, alpha = .05)
Conclusion: Spikes Are Ineffective INCORRECTLY SPACED AND DETERIORATED reliability & innovation
Animal Interactions with Power Lines ALL Equipment Must be Insulated!
Golden Eagle – Wyoming USA
Animal Interactions with Power Lines ALL Equipment Must be Insulated!
Solutions: 1 Framed with 60 Inches 2 Covered Jumpers 3 Cutout/Arrester Covers 4 Bushing Covers
Animal Interactions with Power Lines Installation is Critical
Great Horned Owl – Colorado USA
Linemen should be involved in the project with engineering to select retrofitting materials which fit properly, are effective and will last for 15 to 20 years. Many poles will last 50+ YRS.
Animal Interactions with Power Lines Materials are Critical
Solutions: Existing – IEEE Guide 1656 for Testing the Electrical, Mechanical, and Durability Performance of Wildlife Protective Devices on Overhead Power Distribution Systems Rated up to 38kV
Retrofitting Standard - Concrete Retrofit:
1. Conductor Guard (3) MAVIR Hungary
Unit: Tangent reliability & innovation
Conclusions 1. Animal issues with power facilities are a persistent challenge and cost the utility industry millions of euros each year. Consumers are also negatively impacted. 2. Effective solutions require an understanding of biology and engineering. 3. Fortunately solutions exist and are continually evolving and are available for many existing problems. 4. It is best to build resiliency into the power grid during the new construction planning process. 5. It is also critical to develop a program which has support from management, engineers, environmental staff and the linemen. 6. Monitoring and annual reporting needs to be a key component of an animal mitigation program. 7. As electrification expands into other parts of the globe, these lessons need to be carried forward by you!
Presentation Resources: 1. Avian Power Line Interaction Committee (APLIC) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2005. Avian protection plan (APP) guidelines. 2. Avian Power Line Interaction Committee (APLIC). 2006. Suggested practices for avian protection on power lines: the state of the art in 2006. 3. Avian Power Line Interaction Committee (APLIC). 2012. Reducing avian collisions with power lines: the state of the art in 2012. 4. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). 2016. Animal-Caused Outages in Substations: Problems and Solutions. 5. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). 2001. Distribution wildlife and pest control. 6. IEEE standard 1264-2015 : "Guide for Animal Deterrents for Electric Power Supply Substations" 7. IEEE standard 1651 : "Guide for Reducing Bird-Related Outages" 8. IEEE standard 1656: “Guide for Testing the Electrical, Mechanical, and Durability Performance of Wildlife Protective Devices on Overhead Power Distribution Systems Rated Up to 38 kilovolts� 9. National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA). 1996. Animal-caused outages. Rural Electrical Research (RER) 94-5, Arlington, VA.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The Altai Project EPRI – Electric Power Research Institute IEEE NRECA – National Rural Electric Cooperative Association USFWS – United States Fish and Wildlife Service
Image: USA Today
Animal Interactions with Power Lines Electrical Contacts
Raccoon – New Jersey Issues: Animals contacting energized facilities – Distribution Issue Scope: Locally Severe – GIS to Predict Problem Areas, Millions of dollars in damage annually ! annually! Solutions: New – Build in clearances, Existing – Retrofit with insulation and/or barriers
Red-tailed Hawk - Utah