AIR STUDIO 2016, SEMESTER 2, TUTORS STUDENT NAME
Table of Contents 4 Introduction2  
6 Design futuring 12 Design computation 22 Composition/ generation 32 Appendix
Introduction
My name is QianRong (Rebecca) Li from Southern China. The first time I was exposed to the study and vision of architecture was in first year of university. My interset for architeture is developed through the past one and a half year of engagement with architectural design. Through participating with design studio I am opened to an understanding f what it means to be creative and the techology invoved behind the scene. In the Digital design and Fabrication studio, the process of completing a sleeping pod I gained an understandig that a well designed pieece can be simple. As cheme & steching (2011)mcommented “a perfect model does not contain as much infromation as possible, but as little as necessary Engaging with air studio, I aim to explore deeper views hidden in a piece of design and the orientation of future design.
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A1: DESIGN FU
UTURING
PROJECT: Wrap Skyscraper ARCITECT: Keeyong Lee DATE:2007 LOCATION: South Korea, Seou
FIG.2 SKYSCAPER WRAP AMIN, 2009
Wrap Skyscraper, designed by Keeyong Lee from South Korea, targets the chanllenge of exploring whether it is possible to allow skyscraper and horizontal city to to coexist. This experiment proposes a possible understanding the “dalectic of sustainment”1. This project implies an aim to prevent further damage to agricultural system and human settlement pattern.
Stragegies to minimise further climate change - Combining the developement of technology to devlope a surface that is wraped with solar celles to transfer solar energy into electircal energy 2 -maximising long lasting material that can enternally surronds the building facade3 -inviding ETFE to increase 20% of energy transformed from solar energy4
1. Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16 2. Wrap Skyscraper, Admin, December 2009 << http://www.evolo.us/competition/warp-skyscraper/>> 3. Ibid 4. Ibid 5. Ibid Fig 1: Wrap Skyscraper, Admin, December 2009 << http://www.evolo.us/competition/warp-skyscraper/>> Fig 2: Ibid 8
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FIG 2: ELEVATION OF WRAP SKYSCRAPER
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PROJECT: Cloud City ARCITECT: urban Future Organisation, CR Architect + Design DATE:2014 LOCATION: Shenzen
Cloud city, a joinot group desgin by Urban Future Organization, CR Architeture + Design and computing tean of Chalmers University of Technology, is a winning concept pf the Shenzhen Super City Competition. The design aims to transform gardens into â&#x20AC;&#x153;green lungsâ&#x20AC;?5 that connect public spaces inside the skyscaper. This design aims to cooperating with nature to provided a possible future6 Strategies adopted: -contain machines that harvest rainwater
- parts of the Cloud City store carbon and filter particles from air -locolised production of food
This proposal encourages future designers to consider methods of reducing global carbon footprints. As Shenzhen, China, is facing the problem of havey air pollution, the diverse strategies of this desgin suggestes a possible solution.
-power city with solar energy
5. An Urban Utopia In the Clouds Won the Shenzen Super City Award, Beckett Mufson, sep 2014 << http:// thecreatorsproject.vice.com/blog/an-urban-utopia-in-the-clouds-won-the-shenzen-super-city-award>> 6. Ibid Figh 3: An Urban Utopia In the Clouds Won the Shenzen Super City Award, Beckett Mufson, sep 2014 << http://thecreatorsproject.vice.com/blog/anurban-utopia-in-the-clouds-won-the-shenzen-super-city-award>> Fig 4: Ibid
FIG4: SITE VIEW OF CLOUT CITY 10
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FIG3: PERSPECTIVE OF CLOUD CITY
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A2: DESIGN CO
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OMPUTATION
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PROJECT: ICD/ITKE Carbon-fiber pavilion ARCITECT: Institution of Building Structure and Structural Design DATE:2013-2014 LOCATION: Germany
The ICD/ITKE carbon-fiber pavillion complete by a team of architects and engeneers of the University of Shuttgart and Institute of Building Structure and Structural Design. They colaborate with biologist to rethink about morphogenesis and techtonics that can create a lightweighted perfrormance structure. Based on the internal structural properties of beetal shells(elytra) they discovered that a lightweighted material system can be machanically created by “natural fibre composite”1: - a biomimetic principle of “double layered structure”2 forming the upper and lower shell of the beetle is entangled continuousely by fibre - the mechanical property of fibre prefrom as reinforcement of the structure providing stability - such structural characteristic forms a practicle techtonic principle - glass and carbon-fibre are translated from structural elements of the elytra - the pavilion expresses a possibilty of construction an extremely lightweighted and material efficient structure - a such small structural system of elytra can be addopted to create a large scale pavilion that “covers an area of 50 square meters”3, yet the totoal wieght is just 593kg4.
“NATURAL DESIGN IS MORE THAN IMITATING THE APPEARANCE OF THE ORGANIC.”5 1. University of Stuttgart unveils carbon-fibre pavilion based on bettle shells, 26 June 2014 << http:// www.dezeen.com/2014/06/26/icd-itke-pavilion-beetle-shells-university-of-stuttgart/>> 2. Ibid 3. Ibid 4. Ibid 5. Kalay, Yehuda E. (2004). Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 5-25 Figure 1: University of Stuttgart unveils carbon-fibre pavilion based on bettle shells, 26 June 2014 << http://www.dezeen.com/2014/06/26/icd-itke-pavilion-beetle-shells-university-of-stuttgart/>> 14
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Fig 1: Carbon-fiber web pattern CONCEPTUALISATION 15
Fig 2: Robotic fabrication7
Fig 3: Mofule layer8 16
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Fabrication technology and processes is also a cricual part of the forming this succesful prototype. As The pavilion is formed by woving carbon-fbire: - Robotic machine is used to wove carbon-fibre into hollow cylindical volume - This â&#x20AC;&#x153;coreless filament windingâ&#x20AC;?6 innovates material efficiency as there are no waste or cutoff pieces during fabrication - The development of such technology also reduce the need of labor - The winding accuracy is formulated in robots
Fig 4: Cloase- up diagram of a robot9
6. University of Stuttgart unveils carbon-fibre pavilion based on bettle shells, 26 June 2014 << http:// www.dezeen.com/2014/06/26/icd-itke-pavilionbeetle-shells-university-of-stuttgart/>> 7. Ibid 8.Ibid 9.Ibid Figrue 5: Ibid
Fig 5: Overall view of the Pavilion
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PROJECT: Guangzhou Opera House ARCITECT: Zaha Hadid DATE: 2010 LOCATION: Guangzhou, China
FIG 6: OVER VIEW OF GUANGZHOU OPERA HOUSE
Zaha’s Guangzhou Opera House is based on the concept of erosion derived frome the natural landscape feature: the Preal River. The principle of this concept revolves the geology and topography, as the shape of the opera house “resembles two pebbles on the bank of the river”1. In other words, the architecture is a representation of the landform of the Guangzhou land. For example: different chamber and zones of the Oper House is divided by “fold line in this landscape” 2. These lines cuts dramatically drawing unique foldings on the ceiling that reconstructure geological moulding in permanent materials.
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“The additional information needed to complete the goal statment must be...adapted from generalized presedent, metaphors, and symbol”’3 1.Guangzhou Opera House by Zaha Hadid Architects 2. Ibid 3. Kalay, Yehuda E. (2004). Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 5-25
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Ideas of a rastional design such as this opera house is still proposed by human, although technology have aided the possibility of creating an futuristic solution according to the current social or cultural context. As the opera house is situatated in the culture centre of Guangzhou, it innovate the connectionn between urban context and cultural tradition. Nevertheless, without the development of new technology and materials, this architecture would not have completely succesfully as it is. For instance: - The cladding of facade is a combination of “glass and granite panels” to form a parametric surface -Black granite is used to form rough appearance of the finishing texture “that reinforce the idea of pebble” being deposided on the bank of the river -The connection and orientation between a multilevel building is visually acheived byvisible view of the main atrium as the whole structure is “guided by the spine and strutual frame (fig 7).
FIG 7: STRUCTURAL FRAME
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FIG8: INTERIOR OF OPERA HOUSE
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A3: COMPOSITION/
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/GENERATION
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FIG 1: EXTRUDED BRIDGE OF SELFIDGES DEPARTMENT STORE
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PROJECT: Selfrideges Department Store ARCITECT: Jan Kaplicky, Amanda Levete DATE: 2004 LOCATION: Birmingham. Britain Selfridges department stores is a project aimed to expend retail ground in the urban space and “create pederstian areas”1. Almacenes Selfridges, Brimingham, is a futueristic design. The fifteen thousand aluminum discs embedded a series of algorithmic caculation occured prior to the construction of this mesh. As this “continuous hermetism” is booleans with several windows, the accuracy and precision of each structural connection is crucial. Hence, with the help from “algorithmic recipe”3 the shape and form of these structures can be correctly calculated to acheive as much passive lighting as possible for the interior of the department store. 2
Nevertheless colleboration between engeneers, architect and builder is crucial, apart from technological computation in order to “obtain an innovative shape”5 with a reasonable amount o buget. For instance, steel frame barcing is present in both structructual compositon and concrete slab, adopting traditional techniques of construction. Apart from construction techniques, the selection of material is also essential for a rational design. The facade, a continuous mesh of circular plate, derived from the “chain-mail dresses of Paco Rabanne”6, is shaped in “polished and anodized aluminium of 660mm in diameter”7. This type of material production is desired economically.
The main feature of this department sotre is the extruded bridge over the street that is only plotted by a strip of glass and stainless steel. Although the “futuristic mesh”4 is a complex composition. A simple algorithmic instruction constructed from softwares such as grasshopper, can be repeated to from a fluid object such as this.
1. Fernández-Galiano, Luis. 2004. Británicos : the British scene. n.p.: Madrid, España : Arquitectura Viva, c2004., 2004. UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE’s Catalogue, EBSCOhost (accessed August 13, 2016). p54 2. Ibid 3. Ibid 4 Ibid 5. Ibid 6. Ibid 7. Ibid
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FIG 2: ALUMINIUM DISC MESH CONCEPTUALISATION 27
PROJECT: Kunsthaus Graz ARCITECT: Peter Cook, Colin Fournier DATE: 2004 LOCATION: Birmingham, Britain
FIG 3: LIGHTING FROM THE INTERIOR
Kunsthaus in Austria is a refurbishment project initiated by the flooding event occured in 1827. In order to revitalise the economic and community aspect of the neighbourhood, this new cultural centre serves multi-purpose including “commerial building, meant to be a meeting place”8, and restrurant.
formunated prior casting as the curve of the building results a different geometic twist on each panel. I think the accuracy and precision of the panel is again an important aspect to this successful asthetic and practicle property of the “blue skin”10 facade.
This is the first iron casted building in Europe. Such an inovated structure is essentially added by alogrithmic computation. For example, the “wavy blob”9 cladding panels on the facade of Kunsthaus is digitally
In addtion, another facinating feature of the cultural centre is the skylight that is design in a the form of ducts which emerge from the “skin”11 of the architecture. The connects artifical light with natural light that enters the upper floor of the interior space.
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I think this is a conventional design as it maximise the lighting of internal environment, which serves efficient lighting intot this commercial building. Through digital modling, architectes can conveniently adjust the design of their architecture. On grasshopper, a few algorithmic inputs could product a series of output that repeats to pattern a complex shape. We can see that the help from 3D modling tools such as grasshopper can create forms such as “a fluid blue cloud”12. This blue cloudof Kunsthaus need to “hover above ground and bend”13 before colidding with the surrounding building. Hence I think modelling digitally according to data from the site analysise provides a success construction of this building.
FIG 4: SETTING OF THE KUNSTHAUS
8. Fernández-Galiano, Luis. 2004. Británicos : the British scene. n.p.: Madrid, España : Arquitectura Viva, c2004., 2004. UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE’s Catalogue, EBSCOhost (accessed August 13, 2016). p54 9. Ibid 10. Ibid 11. Ibid 12. Ibid 13. Ibid Fig 3. Fernández-Galiano, Luis. 2004. Británicos : the British scene. n.p.: Madrid, España : Arquitectura Viva, c2004., 2004. UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE’s Catalogue, EBSCOhost (accessed August 13, 2016). p47 Fig 4. Ibid
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CONCLUSION
Overall, through readings and president research I found the conncetion between design futuring, design computation and generation. These concepts will guide my potential design briefe to create a both practical and sustainable piece of architecture. In terms of sustainablity, it is essental from a small scale to a globle scale. Such as comfortness of the interior environment and the carbon footprint of materials and construction process. Exuting a design that turns away from global warming involves technological professions from different accadmic disciplines. Advancing technologies that recycles renewable natural resources, such as harvesting rain water, or producing long lasting material is a crucial focus in engeneering and scientific researchies. In addition, design computing softwares encourages researchers from various district to colleborate and participate in a design project. In order to discover new material system and tectonic that allow effective use of resource and budget. These new discoveries altimately innovate sustainable projects. Nevertheless, the ability to test and adjust a design before construction is eased by 3D digital modelling tools. Some asthetic quality of the design maybe obligated by some exsiting objects on site. Through calculating the geometric properties of the design, certain problems can be resolved to allow further progress to fabricaton.
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LEANING OUTCOME
1. Artchitectutral design is not merely about design solusions but can also be innovative and inspirational projects. 2.Digital modelling tools ease the process of testing the practical and structural aspects of the design prior to construction. This benefits the accuracy and sustainabilty of the architecture, not only for its asthetic aspect 3. Computational technology provide the advantage of finding out inspiration from transdisipline knowdeges such as structural integrity and lightweightedness of beetle shells 4. Algorithmic tools assist architects to think logically about materiality and relationships between structural property and physical appearence in a mircroscale 5. Through using grasshopper, I found that groups of inputs can be repeated in various ways to form many different complex forms
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APPEN
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NDIX
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